Publications

diurnal temperature range and chikungunya virus infection in invasive mosquito vectors.	climate strongly influences the geographic distribution and timing of mosquito-borne disease outbreaks. environmental temperature affects phenotypic traits of mosquitoes including vector competence for arboviruses mediated by changes in infection, extrinsic incubation period and in rates of transmission. most experiments, however, are done at constant temperatures. in nature, mosquitoes are more likely to experience daily fluctuations in temperature. here we compare disseminated infection (leg i ...	2018	29040730
the effect of insecticidal stress on reproductive output of susceptible and field strains of aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).	the phenomenon of high egg reproduction when mortality risk rises is common in mosquitoes. however, the phenomenon may vary between insecticide susceptible and field-collected strains, due to the latter's decreased energy allocation in reproduction in the presence of insecticide resistance. in this study, we evaluated the effect of chlorpyrifos (cp) and temephos (tp) exposure on the oviposition and survival of aedes aegypti (linnaeus) (diptera: culicidae) using a susceptible strain (khsm) and tw ...	2018	29040719
the effect of larval diet on adult survival, swarming activity and copulation success in male aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae).	control of aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) populations is vital for reducing the transmission of several pervasive human diseases. the success of new vector control technologies will be influenced by the fitness of laboratory-reared transgenic males. however, there has been relatively little published data on how rearing practices influence male fitness in aedes mosquitoes. in the laboratory, the effect of larval food availability on adult male fitness was tested, using a range of differ ...	2018	29029298
zika and chikungunya virus detection in naturally infected aedes aegypti in ecuador.	the wide and rapid spread of chikungunya (chikv) and zika (zikv) viruses represent a global public health problem, especially for tropical and subtropical environments. the early detection of chikv and zikv in mosquitoes may help to understand the dynamics of the diseases in high-risk areas, and to design data based epidemiological surveillance to activate the preparedness and response of the public health system and vector control programs. this study was done to detect zikv and chikv viruses i ...	2018	28982578
influence of location and distance of biogents sentinel™ traps from human-occupied experimental huts on aedes aegypti recapture and entry into huts.	a mark-release-recapture study was conducted to refine the "push-pull" strategy for controlling the dengue, chikungunya, and zika virus vector aedes aegypti in a peridomestic environment by determining optimal locations and distances from human-occupied experimental huts for placement of the "pull" component (biogents sentinel™ [bgs] traps) to maximize the capture of mosquitoes. the bgs traps were placed at portals of entry (windows or doors) or corners of the experimental huts and at varying di ...	2018	31442172
habitat characteristics for immature stages of aedes aegypti in zanzibar city, tanzania.	aedesaegypti is the main vector for dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, zika, and other arboviruses of public health importance. the presence of ae. aegypti has never been systematically assessed in zanzibar, including its preferred larval habitats. in 2016 we conducted a cross-sectional entomological survey to describe the preferred larval habitats of ae. aegypti in zanzibar city, the main urban area of the zanzibar archipelago. the surveys for container habitats were conducted for a 17-wk perio ...	2018	31442169
rapid immobilization of adult aedes aegypti caused by plant essential oils at sublethal concentrations.	many synthetic insecticides cause immobilization in insect pests after they are exposed. this immobilization or knockdown is an important feature of intoxication that contributes to the abatement of pest insect populations, while preventing vectors of disease from biting and spreading pathogenic organisms to susceptible individuals. we have previously demonstrated that certain plant essential oils rapidly immobilize adult female mosquitoes that have been exposed via topical application. to furth ...	2018	31442168
entomological investigation of aedes aegypti in neighborhoods with confirmed human arbovirus infection in puerto rico.	the exotic arboviruses chikungunya (chikv) and zika (zikv) recently caused large outbreaks and continue to circulate in puerto rico, prompting entomological investigations at 9 locations with confirmed chikv- or zikv-infected human cases. adult mosquitoes were collected using the centers for disease control and prevention autocidal gravid ovitraps over a 14-day period at each site. mean female aedes aegypti captured per trap-week ranged from 13.47 per trap-week to 1.27 per trap-week. arbovirus-p ...	2018	31442166
repellent activity of carrot seed essential oil and its pure compound, carotol, against mosquitoes.	in our natural products screening program for mosquitoes, carrot seed essential oil showed high repellency. the gas chromatography (gc)/flame ionization detector and gc/mass spectrometry analysis of the essential oil revealed the presence of 47 compounds. carotol was more than 75% w/w, followed by muurolene (4.86%), (z)-β-farnesene (2.9%), and diepicedrene (1.1%). systematic bioassay-guided fractionation of the essential oil was performed to identify active repellent compounds. in both klun and ...	2018	31442148
origin of aedes aegypti in clark county, nevada.	aedesaegypti is the primary vector for serious diseases, including those caused by chikungunya, dengue, and zika viruses. in 2017, the southern nevada health district first detected this invasive species in clark county, nv, including in the city of las vegas. we analyzed ae. aegypti from the city of north las vegas to determine the likely source of the invasion. we genotyped a sample of ae. aegypti at 12 highly variable microsatellites and analyzed the data in reference to published data from 2 ...	2018	31442147
green synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles and mosquito larvicidal activity against dengue, zika and chikungunya causing vector aedes aegypti.	in the present study, high purity copper oxide nanoparticles (nps) were synthesised using tridax procumbens leaf extract. green syntheses of nano-mosquitocides rely on plant compounds as reducing and stabilising agents. copper oxide nps were characterised using x-ray diffraction (xrd) analysis, fourier transform infrared (ft-ir), field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectroscopy. xrd studies of the ...	2018	30964011
[communication for arboviral disease prevention: tailoring paho initiatives to the cuban contextcomunicação para prevenção de arboviroses: adequação das iniciativas da opas ao contexto cubano].	the purpose of this paper is to describe the opportunities and challenges of training processes in the coordination of regional and national communication initiatives for arboviral disease prevention, using the lessons learned in the cuban context as an example. in february 2016 and december 2017, professional staff from the pedro kourí institute of tropical medicine attended workshops for strengthening communication capacities for arboviral disease prevention in primary health care settings thr ...	2018	31093174
larvicidal potential of five selected dragonfly nymphs in sri lanka over aedes aegypti (linnaeus) larvae under laboratory settings.	limitations in breeding source reduction practices, development of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes, and ill effects of chemical controlling methods on human and ecosystem health have motivated sri lankan authorities working for dengue control to seek for alternative, ecofriendly, and sustainable approaches for controlling of aedes vectors, to manage dengue epidemics. the present study attempted to investigate the predation efficiency of locally available dragonfly nymphs over aedes aegypti ...	2018	30627580
current status of aedes aegypti insecticide resistance development from banjarmasin, kalimantan, indonesia.	aedes aegypti represents the principal vector of many arthropod-borne diseases in tropical areas worldwide. since mosquito control strategies are mainly based on use of insecticides, resistance development can be expected to occur in frequently exposed ae. aegypti populations. surveillance on resistance development as well as testing of insecticide susceptibility is therefore mandatory and needs further attention by national/international public health authorities. in accordance, we here conduct ...	2018	30671445
zebrafish embryo toxicity of a binary mixture of pyrethroid insecticides: d-tetramethrin and cyphenothrin.	pesguard fg161™, a mixture of d-tetramethrin and cyphenothrin (1:3 ratio), is extensively used to achieve rapid control of adult dengue vector, aedes aegypti, during the disease outbreaks. both d-tetramethrin and cyphenothrin are synthetic pyrethroids that are known to have adverse effects on non-mammalian organisms such as fish. the present study intended to use zebrafish embryo toxicity model to investigate the toxic effect of the above binary mixture on fish. particularly, zebrafish embryo to ...	2018	30687404
insecticidal and repellent properties of novel trifluoromethylphenyl amides ii.	this project focused on the design, synthesis, and testing of trifluoromethylphenyl amides (tfmpas) as potential mosquitocides and repellents. fourteen compounds were evaluated for toxicity against larvae and adults of aedes aegypti. several compounds were toxic against aedes aegypti (larval, adult and feeding bioassays) and drosophila melanogaster (glass-surface contact assay), but were much less toxic than fipronil, with toxicity ratios ranging from 100-fold in the larval assay to 100,000-fold ...	2018	30704711
toxicity, mode of action, and synergist potential of flonicamid against mosquitoes.	the present study focused on the toxicity of the aphid anti-feedant flonicamid and its main metabolite, 4-trifluoromethylnicotinamide (tfna-am) to aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. the compounds were toxic to both species via topical application, resulting in un-coordinated locomotion and leg splaying, with a favorable an. gambiae ld50 value of 35 ng/mg for tfna-am, but no significant lethality to ae. aegypti at 10 μg/female. there was mild cross resistance in the akron-kdr (akdr) ...	2018	30704710
use of chemical probes to explore the toxicological potential of the k+/cl- cotransporter (kcc) as a novel insecticide target to control the primary vector of dengue and zika virus, aedes aegypti.	the majority of commercialized insecticides target the insect nervous system and therefore, neural proteins are well-validated targets for insecticide development. considering that only a few neural targets are exploited for insecticidal action and the development of insecticide resistance has reduced the efficacy of current insecticidal classes, we sought to test the toxicological potential of the potassium-chloride cotransporter (kcc). in mammals, kcc proteins have seminal roles in shaping gab ...	2018	30704707
supersensitive odorant receptor underscores pleiotropic roles of indoles in mosquito ecology.	mosquitoes exhibit highly diverse and fast evolving odorant receptors (ors). the indole-sensitive or gene clade, comprised of or2 and or10 is a notable exception on account of its conservation in both mosquito subfamilies. this group of paralogous genes exhibits a complex developmental expression pattern in aedes aegypti: aaegor2 is expressed in both adults and larvae, aaegor10 is adult-specific and a third member named aaegor9 is larva-specific. or2 and or10 have been deorphanized and are selec ...	2018	30733668
effects of multiple transmission pathways on zika dynamics.	although the zika virus is transmitted to humans primarily through the bite of infected female aedes aegypti mosquitoes, it can also be sexually and vertically transmitted within both populations. in this study, we develop a new mathematical model of the zika virus which incorporates sexual transmission in humans and mosquitos, vertical transmission in mosquitos, and mosquito to human transmission through bites. analysis of this deterministic model shows that the secondary transmission routes of ...	2018	30839920
wing geometry analysis of aedes aegypti (diptera, culicidae), a dengue virus vector, from multiple geographical locations of samut songkhram, thailand.	dengue haemorrhagic fever (dhf) is a mosquito-borne disease and remains a major public health problem, especially in tropical and temperate countries. studying wing morphometric of aedes aegypti as a mosquito vector of dhf can help to better understand biological process of the mosquito adaptation to the environment. we aimed to study the geometric morphometric of ae. aegypti from multiple geographical areas.	2018	30918904
molecular basis for arbovirus transmission by aedes aegypti mosquitoes.	mosquitoes are considered the most important vectors for the transmission of pathogens to humans. aedes aegypti is a unique species, not only by its highly anthropophilic and peridomestic habits but also because it can transmit an important variety of pathogenic viruses. examples are dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, zika, and mayaro viruses. after ingesting viremic blood, a wide range of mechanisms are activated in the mosquito to counteract viral infection. nevertheless, these arboviruses pos ...	2018	31082816
scaled deployment of wolbachia to protect the community from dengue and other aedes transmitted arboviruses.	background: a number of new technologies are under development for the control of mosquito transmitted viruses, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika that all require the release of modified mosquitoes into the environment. none of these technologies has been able to demonstrate evidence that they can be implemented at a scale beyond small pilots. here we report the first successful citywide scaled deployment of wolbachia in the northern australian city of townsville. methods: the wmel strain of ...	2018	30596205
enhancement of insect susceptibility and larvicidal efficacy of cry4ba toxin by calcofluor.	mosquitoes transmit many vector-borne infectious diseases including malaria, dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, filariasis, and japanese encephalitis. the insecticidal δ-endotoxins cry4, cry11, and cyt produced from bacillus thuringiensis have been used for bio-control of mosquito larvae. cry δ-endotoxins are synthesised as inactive protoxins in the form of crystalline inclusions in which they are processed to active toxins in larval midgut lumen. previously, we demonstrated that the activated c ...	2018	30236155
determining environmental and anthropogenic factors which explain the global distribution of aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus.	responsible for considerable global human morbidity and mortality, aedes aegypti and ae. albopictus are the primary vectors of several important human diseases, including dengue and yellow fever. although numerous variables that affect mosquito survival and reproduction have been recorded at the local and regional scales, many remain untested at the global level, potentially confounding mapping efforts to date.	2018	30233829
evaluation of effectiveness of a community-based intervention for control of dengue virus vector, ouagadougou, burkina faso.	we evaluated the effectiveness of a community-based intervention for dengue vector control in ouagadougou, the capital city of burkina faso. households in the intervention (n = 287) and control (n = 289) neighborhoods were randomly sampled and the outcomes collected before the intervention (october 2015) and after the intervention (october 2016). the intervention reduced residents' exposure to dengue vector bites (vector saliva biomarker difference -0.08 [95% ci -0.11 to -0.04]). the pupae index ...	2018	30226159
baseline characterization of dengue epidemiology in yogyakarta city, indonesia, before a randomized controlled trial of wolbachia for arboviral disease control.	dengue is endemic in indonesia. here, we describe the epidemiology of dengue in the city of yogyakarta, central java, as a prelude to implementation of a cluster-randomized trial of wolbachia for the biocontrol of arboviral transmission. surveillance records from 2006 to 2016 demonstrate seasonal oscillations of dengue incidence with varying magnitude. two lines of evidence demonstrate a high force of infection; the hospitalized case burden of patients diagnosed with dengue hemorrhagic fever or ...	2018	30226138
microcystin and pyriproxyfen are toxic to early stages of development in rhamdia quelen: an experimental and modelling study.	the recent increase of freshwater eutrophication has favored cyanobacteria blooms and consequently the increase of toxins such as microcystin-lr in aquatic environments, but few is know about the associated effect of toxin and other compounds. pyriproxyfen is an insecticide indicated by who (world health organization) to control aedes aegypti mosquito (vector of dengue, chikungunya and zika diseases), however, the effects are not well described to non-target species, such as fish. the early life ...	2018	30278392
serotonin signaling regulates insulin-like peptides for growth, reproduction, and metabolism in the disease vector aedes aegypti.	disease-transmitting female mosquitoes require a vertebrate blood meal to produce their eggs. an obligatory hematophagous lifestyle, rapid reproduction, and existence of a large number of transmittable diseases make mosquitoes the world's deadliest animals. attaining optimal body size and nutritional status is critical for mosquitoes to become reproductively competent and effective disease vectors. we report that blood feeding boosts serotonin concentration and elevates the serotonin receptor aa ...	2018	30275337
from incriminating stegomyia fasciata to releasing wolbachia pipientis: australian research on the dengue virus vector, aedes aegypti, and development of novel strategies for its surveillance and control.	globally, the dengue viruses (denvs) infect approximately 300 million people annually. australia has a history of epidemic dengue, with outbreaks in the early decades of the twentieth century responsible for tens of thousands of cases. seminal experiments conducted by australian scientists during these outbreaks were the first to incriminate aedes aegypti as a major vector of dengue viruses. one hundred years later, australian scientists are playing a lead role in the development of surveillance ...	2018	30274467
the importance of water typologies in lay entomologies of aedes aegypti habitat, breeding and dengue risk: a study from northern australia.	dengue fever is making a significant comeback globally and its control still depends largely on residents' actions. community awareness and education are central to its management; however, programmes have had limited impact, because they are often based on short-term research and limited awareness of the socio-ecological contexts wherein local knowledge of dengue and its vectors (lay entomology) is produced and enacted in and through place. long-term studies of lay knowledge of dengue vectors a ...	2018	30274463
application of artificial neural networks for dengue fever outbreak predictions in the northwest coast of yucatan, mexico and san juan, puerto rico.	modelling dengue fever in endemic areas is important to mitigate and improve vector-borne disease control to reduce outbreaks. this study applied artificial neural networks (anns) to predict dengue fever outbreak occurrences in san juan, puerto rico (usa), and in several coastal municipalities of the state of yucatan, mexico, based on specific thresholds. the models were trained with 19 years of dengue fever data for puerto rico and six years for mexico. environmental and demographic data includ ...	2018	30274404
synthetic mirnas induce dual arboviral-resistance phenotypes in the vector mosquito aedes aegypti.	mosquito-borne arboviruses are responsible for recent dengue, chikungunya, and zika pandemics. the yellow-fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, plays an important role in the transmission of all three viruses. we developed a mirna-based approach that results in a dual resistance phenotype in mosquitoes to dengue serotype 3 (denv-3) and chikungunya (chikv) viruses. the target viruses are from two distinct arboviral families and the antiviral mechanism is designed to function through the endogenous mirna ...	2018	30271898
aedes aegypti mosquitoes from guadeloupe (french west indies) are able to transmit yellow fever virus.	the recent yellow fever epidemic in brazil has raised the concern of outbreaks in neighboring countries, particularly in the caribbean region where the vector aedes aegypti is predominant. this threat comes from the past when in the americas, this disease caused devastating urban epidemics. we report the vector competence of ae. aegypti from guadeloupe for yellow fever virus by determining different parameters describing virus infection, dissemination, and transmission. the results indicate that ...	2018	30265716
efficacy of mosquito coils: cross-resistance to pyrethroids in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from indonesia.	aedes aegypti (l.) (diptera: culicidae) is the primary vector of several arthropod-borne viral infectious diseases globally. relentless vector control efforts are performed to curtail disease transmissions, insecticides remain as the first line of defense in indonesia. with a dearth of publication on the efficacy of mosquito coil in indonesia, this is the first report related to mosquito coil despite its common use in households. ae. aegypti mosquitoes were sampled from nine regencies in indones ...	2018	30265353
nanosilver crystals capped with bauhinia acuminata phytochemicals as new antimicrobials and mosquito larvicides.	to develop novel nanoformulated insecticides and antimicrobials, herein we produced ag nanoparticles (agnps) using the bauhinia acuminata leaf extract. this unexpensive aqueous extract acted as a capping and reducing agent for the formation of agnps. we characterized b. acuminata-synthesized agnps by uv-vis and ftir spectroscopy, xrd and tem analyses. uv-vis spectroscopy analysis of b. acuminata-synthesized agnps showed a peak at 441.5 nm. ftir shed light on functional groups from the phytoconst ...	2018	30262272
high functional conservation of takeout family members in a courtship model system.	takeout (to) is one of the male-specific genes expressed in the fat body that regulate male courtship behavior, and has been shown to act as a secreted protein in conjunction with courtship circuits. there are 23 takeout family members in drosophila melanogaster, and homologues of this family are distributed across insect species. sequence conservation among family members is low. here we test the functional conservation of takeout family members by examining whether they can rescue the takeout ...	2018	30261021
history of zikv infections in india and management of disease outbreaks.	zika virus (zikv) is an emerging arbovirus infection endemic in multiple countries spread from asia, africa to the americas and europe. previously known to cause rare and fairly benign human infections, zikv has become a major international public health emergency after being linked to unexpected neurological complications, that includes fetal brain damage/death and microcephaly in babies born to infected mothers and guillain-barre syndrome (gbs) in adults. it appears that a single genetic mutat ...	2018	30258421
first report of v1016g and s989p knockdown resistant (kdr) mutations in pyrethroid-resistant sri lankan aedes aegypti mosquitoes.	dengue is a serious arboviral disease in sri lanka with a large number of dengue fever (df) cases every year. control of the primary vector aedes aegypti depends upon larval habitat source reduction and insecticide application. however, increases in the number of reported cases suggest the inefficiency of current control strategies and the possibility of resistance to currently used insecticides. early detection of mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) gene that confer knockdown r ...	2018	30257701
c-type lectin-20 interacts with alp1 receptor to reduce cry toxicity in aedes aegypti.	aedes aegypti is a crucial vector for human diseases, such as yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. today, a major challenge throughout the globe is the insufficient availability of antiviral drugs and vaccines against arboviruses, and toxins produced by bacillus thuringiensis (bt) are still used as biological agents for mosquito control. the use of cry toxins to kill insects mainly depends on the interaction between cry toxins and important toxin receptors, such as alkaline phosp ...	2018	30257487
differential transmission of asian and african zika virus lineages by aedes aegypti from new caledonia.	zika virus (zikv) is a flavivirus that is transmitted to humans by aedes mosquitoes. zikv is divided into two phylogenetic lineages, african and asian. in the asian lineage, pacific and american clades have been linked to the recent worldwide outbreak of zikv. the aim of this study was to measure the vector competence of aedes aegypti for seven zikv strains belonging to both lineages. we demonstrate that ae. aegypti from new caledonia (nc), south pacific region, is a low-competence vector for as ...	2018	30254274
sex and species specific hearing mechanisms in mosquito flagellar ears.	hearing is essential for the courtship of one of the major carriers of human disease, the mosquito. males locate females through flight-tone recognition and both sexes engage in mid-air acoustic communications, which can take place within swarms containing thousands of individuals. despite the importance of hearing for mosquitoes, its mechanisms are still largely unclear. we here report a multilevel analysis of auditory function across three disease-transmitting mosquitoes (aedes aegypti, anophe ...	2018	30254270
population structure of a vector of human diseases: aedes aegypti in its ancestral range, africa.	aedes aegypti, the major vector of dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and zika viruses, remains of great medical and public health concern. there is little doubt that the ancestral home of the species is africa. this mosquito invaded the new world 400-500 years ago and later, asia. however, little is known about the genetic structure and history of ae. aegypti across africa, as well as the possible origin(s) of the new world invasion. here, we use ~17,000 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphi ...	2018	30250667
microbiome interaction networks and community structure from laboratory-reared and field-collected aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus mosquito vectors.	microbial interactions are an underappreciated force in shaping insect microbiome communities. although pairwise patterns of symbiont interactions have been identified, we have a poor understanding regarding the scale and the nature of co-occurrence and co-exclusion interactions within the microbiome. to characterize these patterns in mosquitoes, we sequenced the bacterial microbiome of aedes aegypti, ae. albopictus, and culex quinquefasciatus caught in the field or reared in the laboratory and ...	2018	30250462
neuronal responses of antennal olfactory sensilla to insect chemical repellents in the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti.	the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti, is a vector of many human diseases such as yellow fever, dengue fever, and zika. as insecticide resistance has been widely reported, chemical repellents have been adopted as alternative options for mosquito and mosquito-borne disease control. this study characterized the responses of olfactory receptor neurons (orns) in different types of antennal olfactory sensilla in ae. aegypti to 48 chemicals that exhibited repellent activity in various insect specie ...	2018	30291492
plant essential oils enhance diverse pyrethroids against multiple strains of mosquitoes and inhibit detoxification enzyme processes.	mosquito-borne diseases account for the deaths of approximately 700,000 people annually throughout the world, with many more succumbing to the debilitating side effects associated with these etiologic disease agents. this is exacerbated in many countries where the lack of mosquito control and resources to prevent and treat mosquito-borne disease coincide. as populations of mosquito species grow more resistant to currently utilized control chemistries, the need for new and effective chemical mean ...	2018	30287743
yellow fever outbreak in brazil: the puzzle of rapid viral spread and challenges for immunisation.	we discuss the complex eco-social factors involved in the puzzle of the unexpected rapid viral spread in the ongoing brazilian yellow fever (yf) outbreak, which has increased the reurbanisation risk of a disease without urban cases in brazil since 1942. indeed, this rapid spatial viral dissemination to the southeast and south regions, now circulating in the atlantic forest fragments close to peri-urban areas of the main brazilian megalopolises (são paulo and rio de janeiro) has led to an exponen ...	2018	30427974
courtship activity, copulation & insemination success in a mosquito vector fed a herbal aphrodisiac: implications for sterile insect technology.	in sterile insect technology (sit), mating competitiveness is a pre-condition for the reduction of target pest populations and a crucial parameter for judging efficacy. still, current sit trials are being hindered by decreased effectiveness due to reduced sexual performance of released males. here, we explored the possible role of a herbal aphrodisiac in boosting the mating activity of aedes aegypti.	2018	30425225
quantification of permethrin resistance and kdr alleles in florida strains of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus (skuse).	recent outbreaks of locally transmitted dengue and zika viruses in florida have placed more emphasis on integrated vector management plans for aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes albopictus skuse. adulticiding, primarily with pyrethroids, is often employed for the immediate control of potentially arbovirus-infected mosquitoes during outbreak situations. while pyrethroid resistance is common in ae. aegypti worldwide and testing is recommended by cdc and who, resistance to this class of products has not ...	2018	30356237
an unusual occurrence of stromal keratitis in dengue fever.	dengue is a mosquito-borne infection endemic in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. classic dengue fever is a self-limiting, influenza-like illness transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquito. ophthalmic manifestations though rare can involve both the anterior and posterior segments and are usually associated with the thrombocytopenic state. however, ophthalmic complications such as anterior uveitis and vasculitis suggest immune-mediated pathogenesis. herein, we report a rare case of st ...	2018	30355887
validation of serum aminotransferases levels to define severe dengue fever in children.	we aimed to study the pattern of liver-injury in children with dengue fever (df) and validate serum aminotransferase ≥1,000 iu/l as a marker of severe df.	2018	30345242
the sequence of a male-specific genome region containing the sex determination switch in aedes aegypti.	aedes aegypti is the principal vector of several important arboviruses. among the methods of vector control to limit transmission of disease are genetic strategies that involve the release of sterile or genetically modified non-biting males, which has generated interest in manipulating mosquito sex ratios. sex determination in ae. aegypti is controlled by a non-recombining y chromosome-like region called the m locus, yet characterisation of this locus has been thwarted by the repetitive nature o ...	2018	30342535
ultrastructural analysis of chikungunya virus dissemination from the midgut of the yellow fever mosquito, aedes aegypti.	the transmission cycle of chikungunya virus (chikv) requires that mosquito vectors get persistently infected with the virus, following its oral acqsuisition from a vertebrate host. the mosquito midgut is the initial organ that gets infected with orally acquired chikv. following its replication in the midgut epithelium, the virus exits the midgut and infects secondary tissues including the salivary glands before being transmitted to another host. here, we investigate the pattern of chikv dissemin ...	2018	30340365
the transcriptional response of aedes aegypti with variable extrinsic incubation periods for dengue virus.	dengue fever is the most prevalent arboviral disease globally. dengue virus is transmitted primarily by the aedes aegypti mosquito. one measure of the mosquito's efficiency as a vector is the extrinsic incubation period (eip), which is the time between the ingestion of viremic blood and the emergence of virions in the saliva. the longer it takes virus to infect the midgut and traverse to the saliva, the fewer opportunities the mosquito will have to transmit the pathogen over its lifetime. we hav ...	2018	30335126
development of an urban molecular xenomonitoring system for lymphatic filariasis in the recife metropolitan region, brazil.	molecular xenomonitoring (mx)-pathogen detection in the mosquito rather than human-is a promising tool for lymphatic filariasis (lf) surveillance. in the recife metropolitan region (rmr), the last lf focus in brazil, culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes have been implicated in transmitting wuchereria bancrofti parasites. this paper presents findings on the ideal mosquito collection method, mosquito dispersion, w. bancrofti infection in mosquitoes and w. bancrofti antigen in humans to aid mx develop ...	2018	30325933
response to comments on qureshi et al (j pak med assoc 2017; 67: 1797-1802) seasonal and spatial quantitative changes in aedes aegypti under distinctly different ecological areas of lahore, pakistan.		2018	30323379
comments on qureshi et al (j pak med assoc 2017; 67: 1797-1802) - seasonal and spatial quantitative changes in aedes aegypti under distinctly different ecological areas of lahore, pakistan.		2018	30323378
location, seasonal, and functional characteristics of water holding containers with juvenile and pupal aedes aegypti in southern taiwan: a cross-sectional study using hurdle model analyses.	aedes aegypti carries several viruses of public health importance, including the dengue virus. dengue is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. prevention and control of dengue mainly rely on mosquito control as there is no antiviral treatment or a who-approved vaccine. to reduce the ae. aegypti population, studying the characteristics of their habitats is necessary. aedes aegypti prefer breeding in artificial water holding containers in peridomestic or domestic se ...	2018	30321168
effects of alternative blood sources on wolbachia infected aedes aegypti females within and across generations.	wolbachia bacteria have been identified as a tool for reducing the transmission of arboviruses transmitted by aedes aegypti. research groups around the world are now mass rearing wolbachia-infected ae. aegypti for deliberate release. we investigated the fitness impact of a crucial element of mass rearing: the blood meal required by female ae. aegypti to lay eggs. although ae. aegypti almost exclusively feed on human blood, it is often difficult to use human blood in disease-endemic settings. whe ...	2018	30314399
genetic variation in insect vectors: death of typology?	the issue of typological versus population thinking in biology is briefly introduced and defined. it is then emphasized how population thinking is most relevant and useful in vector biology. three points are made: (1) vectors, as they exist in nature, are genetically very heterogeneous. (2) four examples of how this is relevant in vector biology research are presented: understanding variation in vector competence, gwas, identifying the origin of new introductions of invasive species, and resista ...	2018	30314367
zika virus: a critical analysis and pharmaceutical perspectives.	zika virus belongs to family of viruses 'flaviviridae' and spreads mostly by daytime-active aedes mosquitoes. the resulting infection is known as zika fever. it is usually asymptomatic or often causes mild symptoms, which are very similar to dengue fever. the aedes aegypti mosquito is also responsible for dengue and chikungunya viruses. zika virus can spread by crossing the placental barrier from a pregnant mother to a fetus, which can result in microcephaly, severe brain malformations including ...	2018	30311585
human and entomologic investigations of chikungunya outbreak in mandera, northeastern kenya, 2016.	chikungunya is a reemerging vector borne pathogen associated with severe morbidity in affected populations. lamu, along the kenyan coast was affected by a major chikungunya outbreak in 2004. twelve years later, we report on entomologic investigations and laboratory confirmed chikungunya cases in northeastern kenya. patient blood samples were received at the kenya medical research institute (kemri) viral hemorrhagic fever laboratory and the immunoglobulin m enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (igm ...	2018	30308064
spatio-temporal distribution of vertically transmitted dengue viruses by aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from arroyo naranjo, havana, cuba.	to study the distribution of vertical transmission of dengue viruses in field-collected aedes aegypti larvae in the municipality of arroyo naranjo in havana, cuba.	2018	30307674
evidence that rh proteins in the anal papillae of the freshwater mosquito aedes aegypti are involved in the regulation of acid-base balance in elevated salt and ammonia environments.	aedes aegypti commonly inhabit ammonia-rich sewage effluents in tropical regions of the world where the adults are responsible for the spread of disease. studies have shown the importance of the anal papillae of a. aegypti in ion uptake and ammonia excretion. the anal papillae express ammonia transporters and rhesus (rh) proteins which are involved in ammonia excretion and studies have primarily focused on understanding these mechanisms in freshwater. in this study, effects of rearing larvae in ...	2018	30305376
the effect of parasite infection on the recombination rate of the mosquito aedes aegypti.	sexual reproduction and meiotic recombination generate new genetic combinations and may thereby help an individual infected by a parasite to protect its offspring from being infected. while this idea is often used to understand the evolutionary forces underlying the maintenance of sex and recombination, it also suggests that infected individuals should increase plastically their rate of recombination. we tested the latter idea with the mosquito aedes aegypti and asked whether females infected by ...	2018	30300349
isolation and identification of mosquito biting deterrents from the north american mosquito repelling folk remedy plant, matricaria discoidea dc.	matricaria discoidea dc. (asteraceae) has documented use as an insect repellent by blackfoot indians and other indigenous groups of north america. this investigation was conducted to evaluate this practice and systematically identify chemical constituents responsible for any insect repelling effect by utilizing a mosquito (aedes aegypti (linnaeus)) biting deterrent bioactivity-directed purification approach. hydrodistilled oil from dried aerial parts of m. discoidea was the most bioactive crude ...	2018	30379955
control of dengue virus in the midgut of aedes aegypti by ectopic expression of the dsrna-binding protein loqs2.	dengue virus (denv) is an arbovirus transmitted to humans by aedes mosquitoes1. in the insect vector, the small interfering rna (sirna) pathway is an important antiviral mechanism against denv2-5. however, it remains unclear when and where the sirna pathway acts during the virus cycle. here, we show that the sirna pathway fails to efficiently silence denv in the midgut of aedes aegypti although it is essential to restrict systemic replication. accumulation of denv-derived sirnas in the midgut re ...	2018	30374169
new sulphated flavonoids and larvicidal activity of helicteres velutina k. schum (sterculiaceae).	helicteres velutina k. schum (sterculiaceae), commonly known in brazil as 'pitó', is traditionally used by indigenous peoples as insecticides and repellents. the present work reports on the the phytoconstituents from aerial parts of h. velutina and evaluation of the larvicidal potential of its extract. the compounds were isolated using chromatographic techniques and identified by nmr, ir and lc-hrms. this study led to the isolation of a fatty acid, one aliphatic alcohol, four chlorophyll derivat ...	2018	30373225
wing morphometric variability in aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) from different urban built environments.	aedes aegypti is the main vector of the dengue, zika and several other arboviruses. it is highly adapted to urbanized environments and can be found worldwide. mosquito population control is considered the best strategy for fighting mosquito-borne diseases, making an understanding of their population dynamics vital for the development of more effective vector control programs. this study therefore sought to investigate how different levels of urbanization affect aedes aegypti populations and modu ...	2018	30367678
generation of axenic aedes aegypti demonstrate live bacteria are not required for mosquito development.	the mosquito gut microbiome plays an important role in mosquito development and fitness, providing a promising avenue for novel mosquito control strategies. here we present a method for rearing axenic (bacteria free) aedes aegypti mosquitoes, consisting of feeding sterilized larvae on agar plugs containing a high concentration of liver and yeast extract. this approach allows for the complete development to adulthood while maintaining sterility; however, axenic mosquito's exhibit delayed developm ...	2018	30367055
odor-specific daily rhythms in the olfactory sensitivity and behavior of aedes aegypti mosquitoes.	many biological processes and behaviors in mosquitoes display rhythmic patterns, allowing for fine tuning to cyclic environmental conditions. in mosquitoes, vector-host interactions are primarily mediated by olfactory signals. previous studies have established that, in the malaria vector anopheles gambiae, rhythmic expression of odorant binding proteins and takeout proteins in the antenna resulted in a corresponding rhythm in olfactory sensitivity to relevant host odors. however, it remained unc ...	2018	30360532
salivary gland extract from aedes aegypti improves survival in murine polymicrobial sepsis through oxidative mechanisms.	sepsis is a systemic disease with life-threatening potential and is characterized by a dysregulated immune response from the host to an infection. the organic dysfunction in sepsis is associated with the production of inflammatory cascades and oxidative stress. previous studies showed that aedes aegypti saliva has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant properties. considering inflammation and the role of oxidative stress in sepsis, we investigated the effect of pretreatment with sa ...	2018	30360497
the spread of mosquito-borne viruses in modern times: a spatio-temporal analysis of dengue and chikungunya.	since the 1970s, mosquito-borne pathogens have spread to previously disease-free areas, as well as causing increased illness in endemic areas. in particular, dengue and chikungunya viruses, transmitted primarily by aedes aegypti and secondarily by aedes albopictus mosquitoes, represent a threat for up to a third of the world population, and are a growing public health concern. in this study, we assess the spatial and temporal factors related to the occurrences of historic dengue and chikungunya ...	2018	30390927
improvement of mosquito identification by maldi-tof ms biotyping using protein signatures from two body parts.	matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry technology (maldi-tof ms) is an innovative tool that has been shown to be effective for the identification of numerous arthropod groups including mosquitoes. a critical step in the implementation of maldi-tof ms identification is the creation of spectra databases (db) for the species of interest. mosquito legs were the body part most frequently used to create identification db. however, legs are one of the most fragile ...	2018	30390691
toxic activity, molecular modeling and docking simulations of bacillus thuringiensis cry11 toxin variants obtained via dna shuffling.	the cry11 family belongs to a large group of δ-endotoxins that share three distinct structural domains. among the dipteran-active toxins referred to as three-domain cry11 toxins, the cry11aa protein from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. israelensis (bti) has been the most extensively studied. despite the potential of bti as an effective biological control agent, the understanding of cry11 toxins remains incomplete. in this study, five cry11 variants obtained via dna shuffling displayed toxic activi ...	2018	30386315
toward implementation of mosquito sterile insect technique: the effect of storage conditions on survival of male aedes aegypti mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) during transport.	sterile insect technique (sit) is a promising, environmentally friendly alternative to the use of pesticides for insect pest control. however, implementing sit with aedes aegypti (linnaeus) mosquitoes presents unique challenges. for example, during transport from the rearing facility to the release site and during the actual release in the field, damage to male mosquitoes should be minimized to preserve their reproductive competitiveness. the short flight range of male ae. aegypti requires elabo ...	2018	30383264
recent history of aedes aegypti: vector genomics and epidemiology records.	aedes aegypti bears the common name "the yellow fever mosquito," although, today, it is of more concern as the major vector of dengue, chikungunya, and, most recently, zika viruses. in the present article, we review recent work on the population genetics of this mosquito in efforts to reconstruct its recent (approximately 600 years) history and relate these findings to epidemiological records of occurrences of diseases transmitted by this species. the two sources of information are remarkably co ...	2018	30464351
longevity of mass-reared, irradiated and packed male anopheles arabiensis and aedes aegypti under simulated environmental field conditions.	to ensure the success of a mosquito control programme that integrates the sterile insect technique (sit), it is highly desirable to release sterile males with a maximal lifespan to increase release effectiveness. understanding sterile male survival under field conditions is thus critical for determining the number of males to be released. our study aimed to investigate the effect of mass rearing, irradiation, chilling, packing and release time on irradiated male mosquito longevity.	2018	30463624
conserved motifs in the hypervariable domain of chikungunya virus nsp3 required for transmission by aedes aegypti mosquitoes.	chikungunya virus (chikv) is a re-emerging arthropod-borne (arbo)virus that causes chikungunya fever in humans and is predominantly transmitted by aedes aegypti mosquitoes. the chikv replication machinery consists of four non-structural proteins (nsp1-4) that additionally require the presence of a number of host proteins for replication of the viral rna. nsp3 is essential for chikv replication and has a conserved macro, central and c-terminal hypervariable domain (hvd). the hvd is intrinsically ...	2018	30412583
behavioral responses of gravid culex quinquefasciatus, aedes aegypti, and anopheles quadrimaculatus mosquitoes to aquatic macrophyte volatiles.	mosquitoes use many cues to assess whether a habitat is conducive for reproduction, possibly including the presence of stimuli from aquatic macrophytes. the effect of water infusions of water hyacinth (eichhornia crassipes), water lettuce (pista stratioles), parrotfeather (myriophyllum aquaticum), and water pennywort (hydrocotyle umbellata) on mosquito oviposition and attraction was investigated. gravid culex quinquefasciatus deposited significantly more egg rafts in water hyacinth, water lettuc ...	2018	30408300
effects of the environmental temperature on aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes: a review.	the temperature of the environment is one of the most important abiotic factors affecting the life of insects. as poikilotherms, their body temperature is not constant, and they rely on various strategies to minimize the risk of thermal stress. they have been thus able to colonize a large spectrum of habitats. mosquitoes, such as ae. aegypti and ae. albopictus, vector many pathogens, including dengue, chikungunya, and zika viruses. the spread of these diseases has become a major global health co ...	2018	30404142
anopheles mosquitoes may drive invasion and transmission of mayaro virus across geographically diverse regions.	the togavirus (alphavirus) mayaro virus (mayv) was initially described in 1954 from mayaro county (trinidad) and has been responsible for outbreaks in south america and the caribbean. imported mayv cases are on the rise, leading to invasion concerns similar to chikungunya and zika viruses. little is known about the range of mosquito species that are competent mayv vectors. we tested vector competence of 2 mayv genotypes in laboratory strains of six mosquito species (aedes aegypti, anopheles free ...	2018	30403665
insecticide resistance and fitness: the case of four aedes aegypti populations from different brazilian regions.	chemical control is still a major strategy to constrain vector density and mitigate pathogen transmission. however, insecticide overuse poses a high selective pressure, favouring the spread of resistance alleles in natural populations. in an insecticide-free environment, a fitness cost is expected in resistant insects when compared to susceptible counterparts. this study investigates whether insecticide resistance to an organophosphate (temephos) and a pyrethroid (deltamethrin) is associated wit ...	2018	30402487
inspiratory muscle training with isokinetic device to help ventilatory weaning in a patient with guillain-barré syndrome by zika virus.	zika is an arbovirus infection mainly transmitted by the mosquito aedes aegypti. in 2016, the burden of zika epidemic in brazil was significant. patients affected by zika virus can develop guillain-barré syndrome, evolving to muscle respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. in this setting, delayed recovery of the muscle weakness can result in prolonged weaning, a condition that by itself is related to a high mortality rate. the study is reporting a case of a patient with zika and gu ...	2018	30402297
chemical composition and larvicidal activities of azolla pinnata extracts against aedes (diptera:culicidae).	the resistance problem of dengue vectors to different classes of insecticides that are used for public health has raised concerns about vector control programmes. hence, the discovery of alternative compounds that would enhance existing tools is important for overcoming the resistance problem of using insecticides in vectors and ensuring a chemical-free environment. the larvicidal effects of azolla pinnata extracts by using two different extraction methods with methanol solvent against aedes in ...	2018	30399167
vertical transmission of naturally occurring bunyamwera and insect-specific flavivirus infections in mosquitoes from islands and mainland shores of lakes victoria and baringo in kenya.	many arboviruses transmitted by mosquitoes have been implicated as causative agents of both human and animal illnesses in east africa. although epidemics of arboviral emerging infectious diseases have risen in frequency in recent years, the extent to which mosquitoes maintain pathogens in circulation during inter-epidemic periods is still poorly understood. this study aimed to investigate whether arboviruses may be maintained by vertical transmission via immature life stages of different mosquit ...	2018	30452443
cyp-mediated permethrin resistance in aedes aegypti and evidence for trans-regulation.	aedes aegypti poses a serious risk to human health due to its wide global distribution, high vector competence for several arboviruses, frequent human biting, and ability to thrive in urban environments. pyrethroid insecticides remain the primary means of controlling adult a. aegypti populations during disease outbreaks. as a result of decades of use, pyrethroid resistance is a global problem. cytochrome p450 monooxygenase (cyp)-mediated detoxification is one of the primary mechanisms of pyrethr ...	2018	30452436
air versus water temperature of aquatic habitats in delhi: implications for transmission dynamics of aedes aegypti.	the present study was planned to characterize the microclimate experienced by aedes larvae in different breeding habitats by determining the temperature variations in water kept in containers during different months under natural conditions. the study was conducted in three municipal zones of delhi. in each site, four types of container material (plastic, cement, iron and ceramic) were chosen for recording the water temperature in the containers. daily air and water temperatures (mean, maximum a ...	2018	30451475
operational satellite-based temporal modelling of aedes population in argentina.	aedes aegypti is a vector for chikungunya, dengue and zika viruses in latin america and is therefore a large public health problem for the region. for this reason, several inter-institutional and multidisciplinary efforts have been made to support vector control actions through the use of geospatial technologies. this study presents the development of an operational system for the application of free access to remotely sensed products capable of assessing the oviposition activity of ae. aegypti ...	2018	30451465
innate immune response of primary human keratinocytes to west nile virus infection and its modulation by mosquito saliva.	west nile virus (wnv) is a flavivirus involved in many human infections worldwide. this arthropod-borne virus is directly co-inoculated with mosquito saliva through the epidermis and the dermis during blood meal. wnv starts replicating in the skin before migrating to the draining lymph node, leading to widespread viremia and in some cases to neurological symptoms. skin is a complex organ composed of different cell types that together perform essential functions such as pathogen sensing, barrier ...	2018	30450338
pharmacological inhibition of inward rectifier potassium channels induces lethality in larval aedes aegypti.	the inward rectifier potassium (kir) channels play key roles in the physiology of mosquitoes and other insects. our group, among others, previously demonstrated that small molecule inhibitors of kir channels are promising lead molecules for developing new insecticides to control adult female mosquitoes. however, the potential use of kir channel inhibitors as larvicidal agents is unknown. here we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological inhibition of kir channels in the larvae of aedes aegypti, ...	2018	30445675
a comprehensive review of the manifestations and pathogenesis of zika virus in neonates and adults.	the zika virus (zikv) has been slowly becoming an epidemic in different parts of the world. since its discovery in 1947, there have been numerous outbreaks affecting many different populations. currently, there is an ongoing threat of zikv in latin america and the united states of america. zikv is mainly spread by the aedesaegypti mosquito and causes non-specific symptoms such as fever, myalgia, and generalized weakness. in addition to these symptoms, it has been noted the zikv is capable of cau ...	2018	30443460
competition among aedes aegypti larvae.	adult aedes aegypti mosquitoes are important vectors of human disease. the size of the adult female affects her success, fitness, and ability to transmit diseases. the size of the adults is determined during the aquatic larval stage. competition among larvae for food influences the size of the pupa and thus the adult. in these experiments, the food level (mg/larva) and the density (larvae/vial) both affect intraspecific competition, which shows up as the interaction of the two factors. furthermo ...	2018	30439951
improved reference genome of aedes aegypti informs arbovirus vector control.	female aedes aegypti mosquitoes infect more than 400 million people each year with dangerous viral pathogens including dengue, yellow fever, zika and chikungunya. progress in understanding the biology of mosquitoes and developing the tools to fight them has been slowed by the lack of a high-quality genome assembly. here we combine diverse technologies to produce the markedly improved, fully re-annotated aaegl5 genome assembly, and demonstrate how it accelerates mosquito science. we anchored phys ...	2018	30429615
restriction of zika virus infection and transmission in aedes aegypti mediated by an insect-specific flavivirus.	previous studies demonstrated an insect-specific flavivirus, nhumirim virus (nhuv), can suppress growth of west nile virus (wnv) and decrease transmission rates in nhuv/wnv co-inoculated culex quinquefasciatus. to assess whether nhuv might interfere with transmission of other medically important flaviviruses, the ability of nhuv to suppress viral growth of zika virus (zikv) and dengue-2 virus (denv-2) was assessed in aedes albopictus cells. significant reductions in zikv (100,000-fold) and denv- ...	2018	30429457
zikv demonstrates minimal pathologic effects and mosquito infectivity in viremic cynomolgus macaques.	to evaluate the effects of zikv infection on non-human primates (nhps), as well as to investigate whether these nhps develop sufficient viremia to infect the major urban vector mosquito, aedes aegypti, four cynomolgus macaques (macaca fascicularis) were subcutaneously infected with 5.0 log10 focus-forming units (ffu) of dna clone-derived zikv strain fss13025 (asian lineage, cambodia, 2010). following infection, the animals were sampled (blood, urine, tears, and saliva), underwent daily health mo ...	2018	30469417
alternative insecticides for larval control of the dengue vector aedes aegypti in lao pdr: insecticide resistance and semi-field trial study.	the mosquito aedes aegypti is the primary vector of several arboviruses, such as dengue, chikungunya and zika, and represents a major public health problem in southeast asia. in laos, where dengue is reemerging, several ae. aegypti populations from the capital vientiane have shown resistance to the organophosphate temephos, a commonly-used larvicide for public health interventions.	2018	30509299
a scoping review of published literature on chikungunya virus.	chikungunya virus (chikv) has caused several major epidemics globally over the last two decades and is quickly expanding into new areas. although this mosquito-borne disease is self-limiting and is not associated with high mortality, it can lead to severe, chronic and disabling arthritis, thereby posing a heavy burden to healthcare systems. the two main vectors for chikv are aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus (asian tiger mosquito); however, many other mosquito species have been described as com ...	2018	30496207
mosquitoes modulate leg dynamics at takeoff to accommodate surface roughness.	insects perform takeoffs from a nearly unquantifiable number of surface permutations and many use their legs to initiate upward movement prior to the onset of wingbeats, including the mosquito. in this study we examine the unprovoked pre-takeoff mechanics of aedes aegypti mosquitoes from two surfaces of contrasting roughness, one with roughness similar to polished glass and the other comparable to the human forearm. using high-speed videography, we find mosquitos exhibit two distinct leg actions ...	2018	30479315
a novel highly divergent strain of cell fusing agent virus (cfav) in mosquitoes from the brazilian amazon region.	classical insect-specific flaviviruses (cisfs) have been widely detected in different countries in the last decades. here, we characterize the near full-length genomes of two cisfs detected in mosquitoes collected in the city of macapá, state of amapá, amazon region of brazil. a total of 105 pools of female mosquitos were analyzed by next-generation sequencing (ngs). comparative genomics and phylogenetic analysis identified three strains of cell fusing agent virus (cfav) and two of culex flavivi ...	2018	30477235