Publications

chemical nature of protein complex of photoreaction unit including reaction center in chromatophores of photosynthetic bacterium, rhodospirillum rubrum, as detected by successive dissociation method.	reaction center of chromatophores of rhodospirillum rubrum consists of three kinds of protein, h-, m-, and l-subunit, and is bound with many other kinds of protein to form a larger protein complex (pru; photoreaction unit), which contains all the bacteriochlorophyll. in the present study, purified pru was dissociated in a stepwise manner in the presence of various mixtures of lithium dodecyl sulfate, sodium cholate and/or sodium deoxycholate, and separated into five, smaller protein complexes (p ...	1983	6423620
rna ligase in bacteria: formation of a 2',5' linkage by an e. coli extract.	ligase activity was detected in extracts of escherichia coli, clostridium tartarivorum, rhodospirillum salexigens, chromatium gracile, and chlorobium limicola. ligase was measured by joining of trna halves produced from yeast ivs-containing trna precursors by a yeast endonuclease. the structure of trnatyr halves joined by an e. coli extract was examined. the ligated junction is resistant to nuclease p1 and rnaase t2 but sensitive to venom phosphodiesterase and alkaline hydrolysis, consistent wit ...	1983	6347395
o-acetylserine sulfhydrylase and s-sulfocysteine synthase activities of rhodospirillum tenue.	o-acetylserine sulfhydrylase in cell-free extracts of rhodospirillum tenue was markedly repressed after growth in the presence of sulfide or thiosulfate, whereas s-sulfocysteine synthase activity remained almost unchanged. purification on de52 cellulose resulted in the separation of two proteins: protein i with a molecular weight of 57000 had o-acetylserine sulfhydrylase activity only, while protein ii with a molecular weight of 46000 had s-sulfocysteine synthase activity in addition. the activi ...	1983	6615127
the effects of light and oxygen on membrane assembly in the photosynthetic bacteria.		1983	6617969
consensus structure and evolution of 5s rrna.	a consensus structure model of 5s rrna presenting all conserved nucleotides in fixed positions has been deduced from the primary and secondary structure of 71 eubacterial, archaebacterial, eukaryotic cytosolic and organellar molecules. phylogenetically related groups of molecules are characterized by nucleotide deletions in helices iii, iv and v, and by potential base pair interactions in helix iv. the group-specific deletions are correlated with the early branching pattern of a dendrogram calcu ...	1983	6835839
nitrogen metabolism in the phototrophic bacteria rhodocyclus purpureus and rhodospirillum tenue.	studies of the nitrogen nutrition and pathways of ammonia assimilation in rhodocyclus purpureus and rhodospirillum tenue have shown that these two seemingly related bacteria differ considerably in aspects of their nitrogen metabolism. when grown photoheterotrophically with malate as carbon source, r. purpureus utilized only nh4+ or glutamine as sole nitrogen sources and was unable to fix n2. by contrast, r. tenue was found to utilize a variety of amino acids as nitrogen sources and was a good n2 ...	1983	6863218
conversion of organic acids to h(2) by rhodospirillaceae grown with glutamate or dinitrogen as nitrogen source.	axenic cultures of rhodopseudomonas capsulata. rhodospirillum rubrum, and rhodomicrobium vannielii grown with glutamate as the nitrogen source converted lactate, acetate, and butyrate to h(2) and co(2). conversion rates ranged from 100 to 926 ml h(2) l(r) (-1) day(-1) (where l(r) is the reactor contents), and efficiencies varied from 23 to 100% when grown with n(2), conversion rates up to 760 ml h(2) l(r) (-1) day(-1) and efficiencies up to 100%were achieved. upon aging, cultures appear to rapid ...	1983	18548621
phosphofructokinase activities in photosynthetic organisms : the occurrence of pyrophosphate-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase in plants and algae.	a pyrophosphate-dependent phosphofructokinase (ppi-pfk) activity is detectable in extracts of a wide variety of primitive and advanced plants, the charalean algae, and in the photosynthetic bacterium, rhodospirillum rubrum. angiosperms with extractable ppi-pfk activities 4- to 70-fold higher than the respective atp-pfk activities tend to be succulent and to exhibit cam. even though ppi-pfk activity is not detected in crude extracts of some well known cam plants, e.g. plants in the crassulaceae, ...	1983	16662776
fermentation and anaerobic respiration by rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas capsulata.	rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas capsulata were able to grow anaerobically in the dark either by a strict mixed-acid fermentation of sugars or, in the presence of an appropriate electron acceptor, by an energy-linked anaerobic respiration. both species fermented fructose without the addition of accessory oxidants, but required the initial presence of bicarbonate before fermentative growth could begin. major products of r. rubrum fermentation were succinate, acetate, propionate, formate ...	1982	6798016
modification of active site histidine in ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.		1982	6800404
photooxidase system of rhodospirillum rubrum iii. the role of rhodoquinone and ubiquinone in the activity of preparations of chromatophores and photoreaction centers.	the role of rhodoquinone and ubiquinone in the oxygen photoreducing (photooxidase) activity of rhodospirillum rubrum was investigated. the sole addition of purified rhodoquinone restored photooxidase activity in isolated chromatophores which had been extracted with organic solvents and which were apparently free of secondary acceptor ubiquinone. rhodoquinone also enhanced photooxidase activity in photoreaction center preparations from which secondary ubiquinone seemed to have been removed. those ...	1982	6800786
regulation of rhodospirillum rubrum nitrogenase activity. properties and interconversion of active and inactive fe protein.		1982	6801038
2-bromoacetylaminopentitol 1,5-bisphosphate as an affinity label for ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from rhodospirillum rubrum.	2-bromoacetylaminopentitol 1,5-bisphosphate (bracnh-pentitol-p2) (an epimeric mixture of 2-bromoacetylamino-2-deoxy-d-ribitol bisphosphate and 2-bromoacetylamino-2-deoxy-d-arabinitol 1,5-bisphosphate) has been synthesized from d-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate by reductive amination with sodium cyanoborohydride followed by bromoacetylation of the resultant amine with bromoacetyl bromide. under conditions that favor full activation of the enzyme, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from rhodosp ...	1982	6801050
reexamination of the binding site for pyridoxal 5'-phosphate in ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from rhodospirillum rubrum.	the high specificity of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp) for an essential lysyl residue of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase was confirmed, but half-of-sites reactivity was not observed in contrast to an earlier report [robison, p. d., whitman, w. b., waddill, f., riggs, a. f., & tabita, f. r. (1980) biochemistry 19, 4848-4853]. subsequent to reduction with [3h]borohydride and tryptic digestion of the enzyme inactivated by plp, the sole labeled peptide was purified by successive chromatogra ...	1982	6803834
[analysis of the kinetics of transitional processes in biophysical research using a minicomputer].		1982	6803850
development and growth of photosynthetic membranes of rhodospirillum rubrum.	in cell-free extracts from low-aeration suspensions of rhodospirillum rubrum strain g-9, bacteriochlorophyll a was distributed in two bands after rate-zone sedimentation in sucrose density gradients. from the physicochemical properties of these fractions, it was concluded that the upper band consisted of small membrane fragments, whereas the major band was composed of fragmented vesicular intracytoplasmic membrane (chromatophores). after a pulse with l-[35s]methionine, apparent polypeptide subun ...	1982	6804438
efficiency of light-driven metabolite transport in the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum.	an evaluation of the efficiency of the l-alanine and l-malate transport systems was undertaken with the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum grown on the amino acid whose uptake was measured. an all-glass apparatus was constructed for measuring transport activity under anaerobic conditions. l-alanine transport activity decreased under conditions of mg2+ depletion. when cells were allowed to become inactive by suspending them in the dark in mg2+-free buffer, full activity could be resto ...	1982	6804443
[reversible effect of intensive light on photobiochemical properties of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores].	the effect of high intensity (photosynthesis-saturating) light on the optical properties of the bacteriochlorophyll and the light-induced h+ uptake by r. rubrum chromatophores was studied. it was shown that under aerobic conditions illumination causes reversible inhibition (in the dark) of the chromatophore ability for the light-induced uptake of h+, a reversible inhibition of the photosynthetical reaction center function and irreversible bleaching of the antennal bacteriochlorophyll. a kinetic ...	1982	6805518
effect of light intensity and inhibitors of nitrogen assimilation on nh4+ inhibition of nitrogenase activity in rhodospirillum rubrum and anabaena sp.	nitrogenase activity in rhodospirillum rubrum was inhibited by nh4+ more rapidly in low light than in high light. furthermore, the nitrogenase of cells exposed to phosphorylation uncouplers was inhibited by nh4+ more rapidly than was the nitrogenase of controls without an uncoupler. these observations suggest that high levels of photosynthate inhibit the nitrogenase inactivation system. l-methionine-dl-sulfoximine, a glutamine synthetase inhibitor, prevented nh4+ from inhibiting nitrogenase acti ...	1982	6807962
photosynthetic bacterial reaction centers: interactions among the bacteriochlorophylls and bacteriopheophytins.		1982	6808895
[adenylate cyclase from a phototrophic organism].		1982	6809439
comparison of active and inactive forms of iron protein from rhodospirillum rubrum.	the fe protein of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum was purified in its active and inactive forms. it is shown that the inactive form exists as a two-subunit modified form of the enzyme as previously reported [ludden & burris (1978) biochem. j. 175, 251--259]. in contrast, the active form exists as a single-subunit unmodified form of the enzyme. the upper subunit (on sodium dodecyl sulphate/polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis) of the inactive form was shown to contain at least the phosphate ...	1982	6810874
purification and mn2+ activation of rhodospirillum rubrum nitrogenase activating enzyme.	the fe protein activating enzyme for rhodospirillum rubrum nitrogenase was purified to approximately 90% homogeneity, using de52-cellulose chromatography and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. activating enzyme consists of a single polypeptide of molecular weight approximately 24,000. atp was required for catalytic activity, but was relatively ineffective in the absence of mg2+. when the concentration of mgatp2- was held in excess, there was an additional requirement for a free divalent me ...	1982	6813313
expression of the activating enzyme and fe protein of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum.	activating enzyme (ae) is responsible for the in vitro activation of inactive fe protein of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum cells cultured anaerobically with glutamate as the n source. the expression of fe protein and ae was examined in r. rubrum cultured photosynthetically or aerobically on media containing malate as the carbon source. one of the following n sources was used in each culture: glutamate, glutamine, limiting ammonia, high ammonia, glutamate plus histidine, and high ammonia ...	1982	6813314
cytochemical localization and measurement of aerobic 3,3'-diaminobenzidine oxidation reactions in photosynthetically grown rhodospirillum rubrum.	photoheterotrophically grown rhodospirillum rubrum mutant c oxidized 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (dab) by two aerobic reactions. one reaction was light dependent. the other respiratory reaction occurred in the dark and could be inhibited by 0.1 m kcn. dab was not oxidized under anaerobic conditions. cytochemical results, obtained by reacting viable cells with dab, indicated that the two reactions were associated with different regions of the cellular membrane system. under dark conditions, oxidized da ...	1982	6813374
pyruvate-dependent diauxic growth of rhodospirillum rubrum in light.	when rhodospirillum rubrum mutant c was first exposed to radiant energy after long-term anaerobic dark growth, the cells often exhibited a diauxic growth response. this happened with pyruvate in the medium and when cultures were exposed to a less-than-growth-saturating white light intensity of about 6,460 lx. under the growth-saturating light condition, mutant c photometabolized and growth was not affected by na hypophosphite, an inhibitor of pyruvate fermentation. in lower intensity light, in w ...	1982	6815163
heat activation of the fe protein of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum.	the fe protein of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum isolated in the inactive form was found to be activated in vitro by heating. this heat activation was dependent upon temperature, ph, and enzyme concentration. during activation by heating, a change in the subunit composition of fe protein was observed on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels. the upper subunit decreases and the lower subunit increased. all components of the modifying group on inactive fe protein appear to be lost upon heat activati ...	1982	6815184
change in subunit composition of the iron protein of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum during activation and inactivation of iron protein.	the subunit composition of the fe protein of nitrogenase from rhodospirillum rubrum during activation and inactivation was investigated. it was found that the upper subunit (on gel electrophoresis) of the two-subunit fe protein was converted into the lower subunit during activation in vitro. when the fe protein was inactivated in vivo by the addition of nh4cl and alpha-oxoglutarate to the cells, a phosphate-labelled upper band appeared. during activation in vitro by the activating enzyme, some o ...	1982	6816216
ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from rhodospirillum rubrum.		1982	6818424
protein liganding to the activator cation of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase.	spinach leaf ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase forms a quaternary complex with co2, carboxyarabinitol bisphosphate, and cr2+ or co2+. oxidation of the cation in these complexes produces a protein--cation adduct which is sufficiently stable to be chromatographically isolated after enzyme denaturation. while stoichiometric levels of slowly exchanging cation can be specifically trapped after addition of protein denaturants as well as a vast molar excess of mg2+, neither co2 nor carboxyarabinitol bis ...	1982	6818984
purification and properties of chlorophyllase from greened rye seedlings.	1. chlorophyllase [ec 3.1.1.14] was extracted from the acetone-dried powder of the chloroplasts of greened rye seedlings with 1% cholate, and purified 870-fold with a yield of about 30%. the purification procedure was composed of fractionations with acetone and ammonium sulfate, and hydrophobic chromatography on a phenyl-sepharose cl-4b column. 2. the purified enzyme was pure as analyzed by molecular-sieve chromatography and isoelectric electrophoresis. it had an isoelectric point of 4.5 and a m ...	1982	6819291
purification and sequencing of cyanogen bromide fragments from ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from rhodospirillum rubrum.		1982	6819814
molecular properties of fumarate reductase isolated from the cytoplasmic membrane of escherichia coli.	fumarate reductase, purified from the cytoplasmic membrane of escherichia coli, has been cross-linked with the bifunctional reagent dimethylsuberimidate and shown to exist as an alpha beta dimer of polypeptides of molecular weights 69,000 and 25,000 in a 1:1 molar ratio. the protein has an s20,w of 7.67s and a d20,w of 6.5 x 10(-7) cm2/s. the purified enzyme contained 4-5 mol of nonheme iron and 4-5 mol of acid labile sulfur while the visible absorption spectrum showed a broad peak between 400 a ...	1982	6751504
peptidoglycan of rhodopseudomonas viridis: partial lack of n-acetyl substitution of glucosamine.	a lack of at least 70% of n-acetyl substitution of glucosamine in the glycan strands of the peptidoglycan from the gram-negative bacterium rhodopseudomonas viridis is reported. a disaccharide, very likely glcn beta(1 leads to 4) mur, was observed in hydrolysates of the isolated peptidoglycan. the disaccharide was not observed when peptidoglycan was n-acetylated before hydrolysis. the peptidoglycan of r. viridis was resistant to lysozyme but became sensitive after n-acetylation with acetic anhydr ...	1982	7054141
polar lipids in phototrophic bacteria of the rhodospirillaceae and chromatiaceae families.	the polar lipids of photosynthetic purple bacteria of the genera chromatium, thiocapsa, thiocystis, ectothiorhodospira, rhodopseudomonas, rhodospirillum, and rhodomicrobium were analyzed. characteristic compositions of the polar lipids were found for most of the rhodospirillaceae and chromatiaceae species. phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin were the major phospholipids in most species. phosphatidylcholine was present as a major component in all species of the genus e ...	1982	7076618
reconstitution of highly purified proton-translocating pyrophosphatase from rhodospirillum rubrum.		1982	6128256
a sensitive and rapid method for determination of pyrophosphatase activity.	a new, rapid and sensitive method of measuring the rate and amount of ppi hydrolysis is described. the method is based on registration of small ph changes, caused by decrease of hydrogen-ion concentration during the pyrophosphatase reaction. with this detected value of hydrogen-ion concentration change and the buffering capacity of each reaction mixture determined by titration, the rate and amount of ppi hydrolysis can be calculated. the results obtained by ph method are in good agreement with v ...	1982	6131564
biosynthesis of bacterial glycogen: purification and structural and immunological properties of rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides adpglucose synthetase.	adpglucose synthetase from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides was purified to greater than 95% purity. the molecular weight of the r. sphaeroides enzyme, as determined by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation, was approximately 204,000. the subunit molecular weight of the enzyme based on sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis was 46,000. although the amino acid composition of the enzyme was similar to that found for the enzymes from escherichia coli, salmonella ...	1982	6178721
isolation and purification of an active gamma-subunit of the f0.f1-atp synthase from chromatophore membranes of rhodospirillum rubrum. the role of gamma in atp synthesis and hydrolysis as compared to proton translocation.	we have earlier shown that extraction of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores with licl removed completely the beta-subunit of their coupling factor atpase complex leaving the other four subunits attached to the membrane (philosoph, s., binder, a., and gromet-elhanan, z. (1977) j. biol. chem. 252, 8747-8752). further treatment of these beta-less chromatophores with libr, under the described optimal conditions, resulted in specific removal of one additional subunit, the gamma-subunit, and both su ...	1982	6181058
chemical modification of the beta-subunit isolated from a membrane-bound fo-f1-atp synthase: modification by 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan does not inhibit restoration of atp synthesis or hydrolysis.		1982	6184056
metal coordination centres of class ii cytochromes c.	the class ii cytochromes rhodospirillum molischianum cytochrome c', rhodopseudomonas palustris cytochrome c556 and agrobacterium tumefaciens (b2a) cytochrome c556 have been investigated with a variety of spectroscopic techniques. the cytochrome c' was found to be high-spin and the two cytochromes c556 were found to be mainly low-spin and sx-coordinate with the fifth and sixth ligands being histidine and methionine. the implications of the different types of iron coordination are discussed.	1982	6279397
correlations between structural and spectroscopic properties of the high-spin heme protein cytochrome c'.	the cytochromes c' are a class of heme proteins whose native spectroscopic properties have been suggested to represent a quantum mechanical admixture of intermediate-(s = 3/2) and high-(s = 5/2) spin states. here features of the cytochrome c' heme environment, as revealed by x-ray crystallographic studies of the dimeric cytochrome c' from rhodospirillum molischianum, are related to the observed spectroscopic properties. the environment of the heme group in cytochrome c' supports the existence of ...	1982	6293536
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase: enzyme-catalyzed appearance of solvent tritium at carbon 3 of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate reisolated after partial reaction.	when ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate is allowed to react with carbon dioxide in tritiated water in the carboxylation reaction catalyzed by ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase from rhodospirillum rubrum, the ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate reisolated after partial reaction is found to be labeled. the specific radioactivity of the remaining substrate pool rises during the course of the reaction. experiments in deuterium oxide show that the isotopic label resides on carbon 3. earlier failures to detect this ...	1982	6293539
[generation of the differences of the electric potentials by rhodospirillum rubrum reaction center complexes devoid of the heavy subunit].	the electrogenic activity of rhodospirillum rubrum p870 reaction center complexes devoid of the heavy (h) subunit and retaining the light (l) and medium (m) subunits, was studied. the proteoliposomes containing such reaction center complexes were formed by a self-assembly procedure, using soya bean phospholipids. in the presence of ca2+ the reaction center proteoliposomes were incorporated into a phospholipid-impregnated teflon filter separating two solutions of identical composition. after addi ...	1982	6293591
oxidation of c-type cytochromes by the membrane-bound cytochrome oxidase (cytochrome aa(3)) of blue-green algae.	respiratory particles containing an aa(3)-type cytochrome oxidase were prepared from anacystis nidulans, synechocystis 6714, synechococcus lividus, anabaena variabilis, nostoc sp. strain mac, nostoc muscorum, and mastigocladus laminosus. oxidation of c-type cytochromes by membrane preparations of the different blue-green algae was observed using purified cytochromes from horse heart, candida krusei, tuna, saccharomyces oviformis, rhodospirillum rubrum, rhodospirillum molischianum, rhodopseudomon ...	1982	16662253
crystallographic structure of rhodospirillum molischianum ferricytochrome c' at 2.5 a resolution.		1981	6279876
nuclear magnetic resonance studies of rhodospirillum rubrum cytochrome c'.	cytochrome c' from rhodospirillum rubrum has been studied by proton magnetic resonance (nmr) at 270 mhz. the ph and temperature-dependence properties as well as proton water relaxation enhancement and bulk susceptibility measurements were examined. we conclude that the fifth ligand to the iron is histidine. the ph-dependent shift of the heme methyl resonances of the ferric protein shows pka's at 5.8 and 8.7. the low-ph equilibrium causes only minor changes in the properties of the protein. howev ...	1981	6258631
comparison of the redox reactions of various types of cytochrome c with iron hexacyanides.	the dynamic behavior of various types of cytochromes c in the redox reaction with iron hexacyanides was studied using a temperature-jump method in order to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the redox reaction of cytochromes with their oxidoreductants. transmittance after the temperature jump changed through a single exponential decay for all cytochromes investigated. under a constant concentration of anion, the redox reaction of various types of cytochrome c with iron hexacyanides was analyze ...	1981	6258647
biosynthesis of bacterial glycogen: purification and structural properties of rhodospirillum tenue adenosine diphosphate glucose synthetase.	adenosine diphosphate glucose synthetase from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum tenue has been purified greater than 95%. the molecular weight of the enzyme is approximately 215,000, with a subunit molecular weight of about 51,000. the enzyme appears to be composed of four similar if not identical subunits. although the amino acid composition of the enzyme is similar to that of escherichia coli and salmonella typhimurium, no apparent homology has been observed between their n-terminal ...	1981	6263861
on the evolutionary relationship of the 4-alpha-helical heme proteins. the comparison of cytochrome b562 and cytochrome c'.	the atomic models of the cytochrome b562 and cytochrome c' monomers have been compared. when the respective heme groups are superimposed, the four alpha-helices of each nearly coincide. four aromatic side chains, including the heme ligands, and a methionine occur in spatially equivalent positions in contact with the heme groups. this structural evidence suggests that the two cytochrome families may have diverged from a common molecular ancestor.	1981	6267021
biosynthesis of bacterial glycogen: activator specificity of the adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylases from the genus rhodospirillum.	the adenosine diphosphate (adp) glucose pyrophosphorylases from rhodospirillum fulvum, rhodospirillum molischianum, and rhodospirillum tenue were partially purified, and their kinetic properties were studied. the enzyme from the three organisms was found to be activated by pyruvate and thus was similar to the rhodospirillum rubrum enzyme that had been previously studied (c. e. furlong, and j. preiss, j. biol. chem. 244:2539-2548, 1979). the enzymes from r. fulvum, r. molischianum, and r. tenue w ...	1981	6268603
epr studies of a nonphotosynthetic mutant of rhodospirillum rubrum.		1981	6271071
incorporation of atp synthetase into long-term stable liposomes of a polymerizable synthetic sulfolipid.		1981	6271594
purification and immunological studies of glutathione reductase from rat liver. evidence for an antigenic determinant at the nucleotide-binding domain of the enzyme.	glutathione reductase has been purified to homogeneity by a method which is an improvement of an earlier procedure (carlberg, i. and mannervik, b. (1975) j. biol. chem. 250, 5475-5480). the new steps in the purification scheme include affinity chromatography on 2',5' adp-sepharose 4b. antibodies to glutathione reductase from rat liver were raised in rabbits and used for analysis of the enzyme by quantitative 'rocket' immunoelectrophoresis. glutathione reductase from human erythrocytes, porcine e ...	1981	6170346
sequential removal and reconstitution of subunits beta and gamma from a membrane-bound fo.fl-atp synthase.		1981	6171271
the nucleotide sequence of phenylalanine trna and 5s rna from rhodospirillum rubrum.	the complete nucleotide sequence of trnaphe and 5s rna from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum has been elucidated. a combination of in vitro and in vivo labelling techniques was used. the trnaphe sequence is 76 nucleotides long, 7 of which are modified. the primary structure is typically prokaryotic and is most similar to the trnaphe of escherichia coli and anacystis nidulans (14 differences of 76 positions). the 5s ribosomal rna sequence is 120 nucleotides long and again typica ...	1981	6174192
antibodies to the f1-atpase of rhodospirillum rubrum and its purified native beta-subunit: inhibition of atp-linked activities in r. rubrum and in lettuce.	1. antibodies prepared against the rhodospirillum rubrum f1-atpase (rrf1) and its purified, native-beta-subunit, exhibited cross-reactivity with the following soluble preparations of r. rubrum atpase: rrf0 . f1, rrf1 and the beta-subunit. anti-rrf1, but not anti-beta antibodies, also formed precipitin lines with soluble beta-less rrf1, indicating that antigenic determinants of both the beta-subunit and the other four rrf1-subunits are expressed in the whole rrf1 molecule. both antibodies aggluti ...	1981	6210525
energy-linked reactions in photosynthetic bacteria: pi in equilibrium with hoh oxygen exchange catalyzed by the membrane-bound inorganic pyrophosphatase of rhodospirillum rubrum.		1981	6114711
[role of inorganic pyrophosphate in the cell bioenergetics (author's transl)].		1981	6121321
primary structures of high potential, four-iron-sulfur ferredoxins from the pruple sulfur photosynthetic bacteria, thiocapsa roseopersicina and chromatium gracile.		1981	7451471
structure of the heptose region of lipopolysaccharies from rhodospirillum tenue.	there is a common structure (core region) in the lipopolysaccharides of rhodospirillum tenue. it is composed of a branched trisaccharide of l-glycero-d-mannoheptose (and of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate), as revealed by methylation analyses of degraded polysaccharides of four different r. tenue strains. the structure is similar or might even be identical to the inner core of enterobacterial o antigens. in addition, each of the four r. tenue lipopolysaccharides contains a strain-specific region that con ...	1981	7462142
[kinetics of ubisemiquinone redox changes in primary reactions of bacterial photosynthesis].	absorbance changes at 450 nm of the semiquinone form of the secondary electron acceptor were studied in chromatophores of rhodospirillum rubrum. when chromatophores are illuminated by a series of single turnover flashes ubisemiquinone is formed and destroyed on alternate flashes at ambient redox potential from 100 to 250 mv. a simple kinetic model of the binary oscillations is suggested. on the base of the model it is shown that the rate constant of electron transfer from primary to secondary qu ...	1981	6789145
[kinetics of the generation of a photo-induced electric potential in chromatophores of photosynthetizing bacteria].	flash-induced formation of an electric potential difference (delta psi) was monitored by a direct method in chromatophores associated with the collodion phospholipid membrane. in rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas sphaeriodes chromatophores, the kinetics of delta psi generation exhibit fast (tau less than or equal to 0.3 microseconds) and slow (tau congruent to 200 microseconds) phases, the latter observed in the presence of exogenous quinones. comparison of the kinetic and potentiometri ...	1981	6789146
sequences of tryptic peptides containing five cysteinyl residues of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from rhodospirillum rubrum.		1981	6789776
[photooxidation and light-induced transport of phenazine methosulfate in chromatophores of purple bacteria].	the light-induced interaction of phenazine methosulfate (pms) with chromatophores of the purple bacteria rhodospirillum rubrum and rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides was studied, using an ion-specific electrode. illumination caused an initial rapid increase in the concentration of methylphenazinium cation (mp+) and a subsequent slow (1-3 min) decrease of the mp+ concentration to a low steady level. the rapid phase of the light-induced mp+ concentration change is specifically enhanced by ascorbate. the ...	1981	6789897
effect of oxygen on acetylene reduction by photosynthetic bacteria.	the effect of dissolved oxygen concentration on nitrogenase activity was studied in three species of photosynthetic bacteria. the o2 concentration in the cell suspension was measured with an o2 electrode inserted into the reaction vessel. acetylene reduction by whole cells of rhodopseudomonas capsulata, rhodospirillum rubrum, and chromatium vinosum strain d was inhibited 50% by 0.73, 0.32, and 0.26 microm o2, respectively. the inhibition of the activity by o2 in r. capsulata usually was reversed ...	1981	6790517
[role of cofactors in membrane potential generation by rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores incorporated in a teflon filter].	the chromatophores of the bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum were incorporated into a teflon filter impregnated with a decane solution of phospholipids and the light-induced electric potential difference (delta psi) between the aqueous phases separated by the filter was measured. the generation of delta psi in such a system at continuous light requires the presence of cofactors, i. e. artificial electron donors and acceptors. these cofactors provide for a steady-state flow of e by regenerating the ...	1981	6791704
steady-state measurements of delta ph and delta psi in rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores by two different methods. comparison with phosphorylation potential.	the ph gradient, delta ph, and the membrane potential, delta psi, formed during light-induced electron transport in rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores were measured by two independent methods: (a) using specific electrodes to monitor light-dependent uptake of nh4cl and scn- at chromatophore concentrations of about 0.1 mg bacteriochlorophyll/ml and (b) using 9-aminoacridine and 8-anilinonaphthalenesulfonic acid as fluorescent probes for delta ph and delta psi, respectively, at chromatophore con ...	1981	6793067
fast stages of photoelectric processes in biological membranes. iii. bacterial photosynthetic redox system.	chromatophores of photosynthetic bacteria rhodospirillum rubrum, rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides and chromatium minutissimum were associated with a collodion film impregnated with a decane solution of asolectin. a very short light flash inducing a single turnover of the chromatophore photosynthetic redox system was found to induce the formation of an electrical potential difference amounting to 60 mv, directed across the film as measured with an orthodox electrometer technique. the main phase of th ...	1981	6793358
ferredoxin excreted from photosynthetic bacterium, rhodospirillum rubrum: purification and properties.	when the photoheterotroph, rhodospirillum rubrum, was grown in the light, ferredoxin was excreted from the cells in a significant amount, as well as hydrogenase. the extracellular ferredoxin was purified to a homogeneous state. the molecular weight was approximately 9,000, and the oxidation-reduction mid-potential was -0.29 v (n=1) at ph 7.0 and 25 degrees c. the amino acid composition was different from those of the intracellular ferredoxins, which were already known. the contents of non-heme i ...	1981	6793564
[kinetic model of the operation of a 2-electron switch in the photosynthetic reaction center of bacteria].	a mathematical model, describing the binary oscillation of the concentration of semiquinone form of the secondary acceptor (ubiquinone) in photosynthetic reaction center of purple bacteria is proposed. this model takes into account both the changes of the ubiquinone state when the chromatophores are subjected to short flashes of light, and the successive dark relaxation of the semiquinone form. the model allows to calculate such characteristics as the dependence of the flash number, the stationa ...	1981	6795442
[study of chromophore dynamics by means of rayleigh scattering of mossbauer radiation].	the temperature dependence of rayleigh scattering of mössbauer radiation was studied for two samples of the chromatophores with different relative humidity (p/ps = 0.35 and 0.94). new type of motion--the transitions between conformational substates was found above 200 degrees k. the model was developed to describe conformational motion in the membranes and membrane proteins. a new formula was derived for the debye--waller factor in accordance with this model. the model proposes the existence of ...	1981	6795443
the effects of bivalent cations on ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase.	the half-saturation constants for binding of the bivalent cations (mg2+, ni2+, co2+, fe2+ and mn2+) to ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from glycine max and rhodospirillum rubrum were measured. the values obtained were dependent on the enzyme and the cation present, but were the same for both oxygenase and carboxylase activities. ribulose bisphosphate rather than its cation complex was the true substrate. the kinetic parameters vmax.(co2), vmax.(o2), km(co2), km(o2), and k1(o2) were d ...	1981	6796054
[low-temperature device for fluorimetric studies].		1981	6796132
lateral organization of proteins in the chromatophore membrane of rhodospirillum rubrum studied by chemical cross-linking.	the organization of proteins in the chromatophore membrane, particularly of the reaction center and the light-harvesting polypeptide, was examined by the use of a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic cross-linking reagent, namely dsp (dithiobis-succinimidyl propionate) and glutaraldehyde. the linkage of proteins was studied by sds polyacrylamide pore gradient electrophoresis. dsp was shown to link proteins within the core of the membrane. the subunit h of the reaction center is linked with dsp at a low ...	1981	6796574
inactivation of ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from rhodospirillum rubrum and spinach with the new affinity label 2-bromo-1,5-dihydroxy-3-pentanone 1,5-bisphosphate.		1981	6797428
[carbamyl phosphate and citrulline formation by phototrophic bacteria].	the purple bacteria ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii and rhodospirillum rubrum are capable of synthesizing citrulline in the presence of ammonium hydrocarbonate, ornithine, atp and mg2+ ions. citrulline biosynthesis by these phototrophic bacteria is presumed to be catalysed by carbamate kinase and ornithine transcarbamoylase. therefore, certain phototrophic bacteria can assimilate carbon dioxide and ammonia for biosynthesis of amino acids, in particular, citrulline and, apparently, arginine.	1981	6798373
propionate formation in rhodospirillum rubrum under anaerobic dark conditions.	experiments with 14c labelled propionyl-coa, methylmalonyl-coa and succinyl-coa showed that these compounds are intermediates of propionate synthesis in fermentative metabolism of rhodospirillum rubrum. the rate of propionate and succinate production is dependent on the co2 concentration of the medium. there is, however, no evidence for a transcarboxylation, and high concentrations of propionate in the medium did not inhibit propionate synthesis as in the case in propionibacteria. pep-carboxykin ...	1981	6798770
borate inhibits activation of inactive dinitrogenase reductase from rhodospirillum rubrum.	borate and aminophenylboronic acid were tested as inhibitors of activation of inactive dinitrogenase reductase from rhodospirillum rubrum. inhibition was specific for activation because activity of the active form of the enzyme was not inhibited. inhibition showed the ph-dependence expected if borate inhibits by binding to cis-hydroxy groups of the modifying group found on the inactive enzyme.	1981	6798967
x-ray diffraction studies on chromatophore membrane from photosynthetic bacteria. i. diffraction pattern of the photoreaction unit isolated from rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophore and some characteristics of the structure.	the x-ray diffraction pattern from chromatophore membranes of a photosynthetic bacterium, rhodospirillum rubrum, indicates that a highly organized protein assembly exists in the membrane. the x-ray scatterer was solubilized from chromatophores by a mixture of cholate and deoxycholate. the basic component was identified as the photoreaction unit, which consists of light-harvesting bacteriochlorophyll proteins and a reaction center. the radial autocorrelation function, calculated directly from the ...	1981	6783640
a low-angle laser light scattering study of the association behavior of a major membrane protein of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophore at various concentrations of sodium dodecyl sulfate where polypeptides derived from water-soluble globular proteins are solubilized monomerically.	the major membrane protein of rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophore could be solubilized in the presence of free sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds) in concentration above 0.8 mm. at this concentration, the protein was highly associated to give a weight-averaged molecular weight as high as one million as determined by the low-angle laser light scattering technique. with the increase of free sds concentration, the aggregates were progressively dissociated to give a molecular weight of 8300 at the critical ...	1981	6784770
[charge transfer in the primary processes of photosynthesis].	transmission of electric charges generated by light in the unbranching chain of electron transport is under consideration. recombination of electrons and holes and possibility of reverse processes are considered. expression for the efficiency of steady-state charge separation is obtained. example of the reaction centre of bacterial photosynthesis is considered. all this permits to connect the signals of microwave photolosses with the destination of the electron on distant electron carriers.	1981	6784776
[study of microwave photolosses in chromatophores of photosynthesizing rhodospirillum rubrum bacteria].	the study of photoinduced dielectric losses at frequency 10(10) c/s as function of samples humidity, heating and chemical treatment, intensity and wavelength of light is reported. the signals of microwave losses and differential spectrum signals are compared. the authors attribute the photolosses observed to the electrons localised in the realm between the primary and secondary acceptors during their reduction, probably being in the conductance quasiband of proteins in the photosynthetic reactio ...	1981	6784778
control of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthetase activity in phototrophic facultative bacteria. purification and some properties of the enzyme from rhodospirillum rubrum.		1981	6786365
composition and development of the bacterial photosynthetic apparatus.		1981	7032006
inhibition of nitrogenase activity by nh+4 in rhodospirillum rubrum.	nitrogenase activities and the patterns of in vivo inhibition of nitrogenase by nh+4 were compared in rhodospirillum rubrum grown under several conditions of nitrogen availability. in cells grown on n2 or glutamate plus n2, nitrogenase activity was relatively low and was totally inhibited by added nh+4 in 15 to 20 min. in contrast, cells grown on glutamate alone displayed higher nitrogenase activity, and nh+4 had very little effect. cells grown on limiting amounts of nh+4 had lower nitrogenase a ...	1981	6780531
the inhibition of photosynthetic electron transfer in rhodospirillum rubrum by n ,n' -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide.	n ,n' -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (dccd) at concentrations above 0.1 mm inhibits light-induced generation of a membrane potential in the course of cyclic and non-cyclic electron transfer, as well as light-induced oxygen uptake due to interaction of photoreduced secondary (loosely bound) ubiquinone with o2 in rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores. similarly to o-phenanthroline, dccd blocks the electron transfer in the chromatophores between the primary (tightly bound) and secondary ubiquinones.	1981	6781540
[isolation and properties of the pigment-protein complex (protochlorophyllide - holochrome) from etiolated leaves of corn sprouts].	a pigment -- protein complex was isolated from etiolated leaves of corn sprouts using treatment by the detergent triton x-100, ultracentrifugation and gel-filtration. the complex has a molecular weight of 50000 and upon illumination can convert protochlorophyllide (pchld) into chlorophyllide (chld). the low temperature fluorescence spectra of dark preparations reveal maxima of pchld 632 (photo-inactive form) and pchld 653 (photo-active form). upon illumination pchld 653 is converted into chld 68 ...	1981	7248372
radioprotective and haemopoietic effects of some lipopolysaccharides from rhodospirillaceae species in mice.	lipopolysaccharides (lps) from various rhodopseudomonas and rhodospirillum species were tested for their radioprotective efficiency against x-irradiation and for their influence on the growth of spleen colony forming units (cfu-s) in mice. the lps from rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa dr2 gave a high survival rate. it also favoured cfu-s formation and erythroid differentiation.	1981	7327249
2-carboxy-d-hexitol 1,6-bisophosphate: an inhibitor of d-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carbosylase/oxygenase.		1980	7362236
labeling of chromatophore membranes and reaction centers from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum with the hydrophobic marker 5-[125i]iodonaphthyl-1-azide..	chromatophores of the photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum and isolated reaction centers were labeled with the lipophilic membrane marker 5-[125i]iodonaphthyl-1-azide. the two smaller reaction center proteins l and m bind more label than the larger subunit h, a fact supporting the proposed localisation of the 3 subunits obtained with hydrophilic labels. besides these integral proteins the lipids, among them mainly the pigments and the quinones, are highly labeled suggesting a hydrophob ...	1980	7397129
[cyclic electron transfer and membrane potential generation in chromatophores on non-sulfur bacteria rhodospirillum rubrum].	the uptake of permeant anions by cells and chromatophores of the non-sulfur purple bacteria r. rubrum has been studied. antimycin a causes biphasic inhibition of the light-induced uptake of tetraphenylborate anions (tb-) by the cells and the isolated chromatophores incubated under anaerobic conditions. the first phase is observed at small concentrations of antimycin and is due to its effect as an inhibitor of the cyclic electron transfer. the second phase is observed at concentrations higher tha ...	1980	6783130
[structural organization of membranes reconstituted from phospholipids and subchromatophore pigment-protein complexes].	pigment--protein complexes of the p870 reaction centers and complexes of the bacteriochlorophyll light-harvesting antenna were isolated from the chromatophores of the non-sulfur purple bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum by solubilization with detergents. the proteoliposomes containing the reaction centers or reaction centers and the light-harvesting antenna as well as liposomes formed from phospholipids were obtained by a self-assembly procedure using seya bean phospholipids. the freeze-fracture st ...	1980	6786374
activationless electron transfer processes in biological systems.		1980	6766403
polyadenylated messenger rnas code for photo reaction center and light-harvesting antenna polypeptides of rhodospirillum rubrum.		1980	6766405
purification and properties of polynucleotide phosphorylase from photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum.	1. polynucleotide phosphorylase [polyribonucleotide: orthophosphate nucleotidyltransferase, ec 2.7.7.8] was purified to near homogeneity from the photosynthetic bacterium, rhodospirillum rubrum. the purified enzyme had a molecular weight of approximately 160,000, and consisted of two equivalent subunits of approximately 76,000 daltons. it catalyzed the three reactions described below. 2. in the exchange reaction of the beta-phosphate of nucleoside diphosphates with pi by the purified enzyme in t ...	1980	6766923
short-lived delayed luminescence of photosynthesizing organisms. ii. the ratio between delayed and prompt fluorescence as studied by the modulation method.	the ratio between the intensities of delayed and prompt fluorescence was studied for different photosynthetic objects under different conditions by modulation method. the method is based on excitation of luminescing objects by light, modulated harmonically, and on a combined study of phase shifts and demodulation coefficients of the luminescence as related to excitation light. the presence of intense delayed emissions was revealed in purple bacteria, ectothiorhodospira shaposhinokovii, rhodospir ...	1980	6768385
photo-induced electron transport and water state in rhodospirillum rubrum chromatophores.	it is shown that in bacterial chromatophores the pronounced changes in the free water content with a proton spin-spin relaxation time (t2) of 10(-3)--10(-2) s does not influence the efficiency of electron transfer from the photosynthetic reaction centre to the membrane pool of secondary acceptors. an abrupt inhibition of this process occurs only after the loss of the water with faster proton spin-spin relaxation time (t2 of 10(-4) s). the process is reversible. the water fraction in question is ...	1980	6768386
detection of cytochrome b+50 in membranes of rhodospirillum rubrum isolated from aerobically and phototrophically grown cells.	1. dark equilibrium potentiometric titrations were conducted on membranes purified from rhodospirillum rubrum in an effort to identify b-type cytochrome components reported in other rhodospirillaceae. in preparations from aerobically grown cells virtually devoid of bacteriochlorophyll a, three components were observed at 560-540 nm. their oxidation-reduction midpoint potentials assigned by computer-assisted analysis were +195, +50 and -110 mv at ph 7.0; each of these fitted closely to theoretica ...	1980	6769433
formation of intracytoplasmic membranes in chemotrophic mecillinam sphaeroplasts of rhodospirillum rubrum.	chemotrophically growing cells of rhodospirillum rubrum were transformed into sphaeroplasts of irregular shape under the influence of the penicillin antibiotic mecillinam. on a cell protein basis, respiratory activities of whole sphaeroplasts were slightly decreased as compared with the untreated control. but, on a membrane protein basis various activities of the respiratory chain were largely identical in membrane preparations from untreated cells and sphaeroplasts, respectively. chemotrophical ...	1980	6769673