Publications

preparation of the extracellular domain of the rabbit prolactin receptor expressed in escherichia coli and its interaction with lactogenic hormones.	the cdna of the extracellular domain of the rabbit prolactin receptor (rbprlr-ecd) was cloned in the prokaryotic expression vector ptrc99a to enable its expression in escherichia coli after induction with isopropyl-1-thio-beta-d-galactopyranoside. the bacterially expressed rbprlr-ecd protein, contained within the refractile body pellet, was solubilized in 4.5 m urea, refolded, and purified on a q-sepharose column by stepwise elution with nacl. the bioactive monomeric fraction was eluted in 0.05 ...	1994	8106371
effects of atmospheric ammonia on pulmonary hemodynamics and vascular permeability in pigs: interaction with endotoxins.	the influence of atmospheric ammonia on the somatic growth, the plasma cortisol and ammonia concentrations, and cell blood counts was investigated in pigs exposed to four concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100 ppm) for 6 days in a specifically designed air-pollutants exposure chamber. the effects of this gas on pulmonary vascular hemodynamics and permeability and on the endotoxin-induced vascular response were also assessed using an isolated perfused lung preparation. the total pulmonary blood flow ...	1994	8128491
selective regulation of chemotactic lymphokine production by monocytes and macrophage cell line cells.	effects of lipopolysaccharides (lps) on the production of chemotactic lymphokines for eosinophils and monocytes (ecf and mcf) from antigen- or mitogen-stimulated t cells were examined. supernatants from monocytes stimulated with various lps regulated concanavalin a (con a)- and purified protein derivative (ppd)-induced ecf or mcf production. the regulation varied with lps used for monocyte stimulation. the supernatant from monocytes stimulated with lps from escherichia coli, j-5 strain, selectiv ...	1994	8155994
inhibition of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli by the microflora of the porcine ileum, in an in vitro semicontinuous culture system.	an. in vitro fermentation system capable of maintaining at least part of the microbial population of the contents of the porcine ileum has been developed. the system was tested over the ph range 6.0-8.5, anaerobically and at dissolved oxygen concentrations within the ranges detected in the ileum of piglets at weaning (50 and 100 mumol l-1). the results demonstrated that changes in ph and dissolved oxygen within these ranges had relatively little effect on the total numbers of aerobic and anaerob ...	1994	8157548
antibacterial activity, antibiotic retention, and infection resistance of a rifampin-impregnated gelatin-sealed dacron graft.	a gelatin-sealed porous dacron graft impregnated with rifampin was evaluated in a two-part study of its use in preventing prosthetic infection.	1994	8164283
selective isolation from hela cell lines of yersinia pseudotuberculosis, pathogenic y. enterocolitica and enteroinvasive escherichia coli.	using hela cell lines, we obtained an optimal and selective isolation of yersinia pseudotuberculosis, pathogenic y. enterocolitica and enteroinvasive escherichia coli from samples such as pork, feces and river water heavily contaminated with other bacteria.	1994	8167427
conformational changes in proteins induced by dynamic associations. a tryptophan phosphorescence study.	random collisions between macromolecules lead to dynamic associations (lengthy encounters) that in principle could affect their conformation and, in the case of enzymes, their binding and catalytic properties. exploiting the unique sensitivity of the phosphorescence lifetime, tau, of trp to the internal flexibility of globular proteins we probed the perturbations induced in the structure of the coenzyme-binding domain of alcohol dehydrogenase (ladh) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ( ...	1994	8168551
bacterial translocation in mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury: is dysfunctional motility the link?	the authors previously reported that mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion (i/r) in a chronic newborn piglet model creates dysfunctional intestinal motility. whether this leads to inadequate bacterial clearance and translocation (bt) through the gastrointestinal tract remains unclear. to test this hypothesis the authors used their chronic piglet model (weight, 3.5 +/- 0.3 kg; age, 18 +/- 4 days; on formula feeding); nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia was induced via reversible pericardial tamponade. ...	1994	8176606
initial kinetic and mechanistic characterization of escherichia coli fumarase a.	the protein encoded by the fuma gene in escherichia coli is shown herein to be a highly efficient and specific catalyst of the fumarase reaction. in an investigation of 21 substrate analogs, this protein only had substantial activity as a hydro-lyase on fumarate, malate, acetylene dicarboxylate, fluorofumarate, and 2(s),3(s)-tartrate. the kcat and kcat/km for the hydration of fumarate by this protein are 3100 s-1 and 5 x 10(6) mol-1 s-1, respectively. it is likely that one physiological role of ...	1994	8203917
active site mutants of escherichia coli citrate synthase. effects of mutations on catalytic and allosteric properties.	we report properties of five active site mutants of escherichia coli citrate synthase, in which histidine 264, aspartate 362, and phenylalanine 383 were replaced by alanines, and arginines 387 and 407 by leucines. all mutants have much lower turnover numbers than wild type enzyme; the strongest effect was with the arginine 387 mutant, perhaps because the substrate, oxaloacetate, binds in a different orientation. the arginine 407 mutant has lost most of its ability to distinguish alpha-ketoglutar ...	1994	8276829
site-directed mutagenesis studies on the iron-binding domain and the determinant for the substrate oxygenation site of porcine leukocyte arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase.	cdna for arachidonate 12-lipoxygenase of porcine leukocytes was expressed in escherichia coli. the recombinant 12-lipoxygenase was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography to near homogeneity with a specific activity of about 1.5 mumol/min per mg protein. each of eight histidine residues, which were well-conserved among various mammalian lipoxygenases and presumed as ligands for non-heme iron, was substituted with leucine by site-directed mutagenesis. each mutant enzyme was immunoaffinity-purif ...	1994	8305485
synthesis of mammalian prolylendopeptidase in escherichia coli and analysis of the recombinant protein.	prolylendopeptidase is a cytoplasmic serine proteinase which hydrolyses peptide bonds at the c-terminal side of prolines. here, the expression in escherichia coli of the cdna coding for the enzyme from porcine brain is reported. furthermore, the purification of active prolylendopeptidase from the extract of recombinant bacterial cells is described. the large amounts of protein obtained were used to gain insight in the substrate specificity of recombinant prolylendopeptidase, by using internally ...	1993	8318538
detection of passage and absorption of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins in the gastrointestinal tract of pigs by use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and fluorescent antibody testing.	chicken egg yolk igg can be absorbed and transferred as efficiently as colostral antibodies in the blood of neonatal pigs. egg yolk igg has a half-life of 1.85 days in newborn pig serum. this is shorter than the reported half-life (12 to 14 days) of homologous igg in serum of pigs. similar to colostral antibodies, egg yolk igg absorption from intestine ceased at about 34 hours of age, after a logarithmic decrease in absorption rate from birth. egg yolk igg absorption inhibition time in the gastr ...	1993	8323054
experimental infection of neonatal pigs with cnf toxin-producing strains of escherichia coli.	to examine and compare the pathogenicity of cytotoxic necrotising factor (cnf)-producing escherichia coli, two litters of piglets were infected orally with 10(10) e coli o88 or 10(10) e coli o32 strains. of the six piglets infected with e coli o88, two died within 24 hours and three developed blood-stained diarrhoea. the other piglets were killed one, five, six and eight days after infection, when bacterial cultures indicated an overwhelming bacteraemic infection with e coli o88 in the early sta ...	1993	8337478
characterization of two dna probes specific for serpulina hyodysenteriae.	two dna probes, one 1.1- and one 0.75-kb probe, specific for serpulina hyodysenteriae were isolated from a genomic library generated from virulent s. hyodysenteriae 5380. these probes are highly specific and react with all s. hyodysenteriae strains tested. under stringent conditions, the dna probes did not react with the nonpathogenic species serpulina innocens or with other species of enteric bacteria, including escherichia coli. both probes are able to detect s. hyodysenteriae in colony blot h ...	1993	8349750
the major iron-containing protein of legionella pneumophila is an aconitase homologous with the human iron-responsive element-binding protein.	legionella pneumophila has high iron requirements, and its intracellular growth in human monocytes is dependent on the availability of intracellular iron. to learn more about iron metabolism in l. pneumophila, we have undertaken an analysis of the iron proteins of the bacterium. we first developed an assay to identify proteins by 59fe labelling and nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the assay revealed seven iron proteins (ips) with apparent molecular weights of 500, 450, 250, 210, ...	1993	8366052
copper-resistant enteric bacteria from united kingdom and australian piggeries.	thirty-three enteric isolates from australian (escherichia coli only) and united kingdom (u.k.) (salmonella sp., citrobacter spp., and e. coli) piggeries were characterized with respect to their copper resistance. the copper resistance phenotypes of four new australian e. coli isolates were comparable with that of the previously studied e. coli k-12 strain ed8739(prj1004), in that the resistance level in rich media was high (up to 18 mm cuso4) and resistance was inducible. copper resistance was ...	1993	8368840
isolation of three antibacterial peptides from pig intestine: gastric inhibitory polypeptide (7-42), diazepam-binding inhibitor (32-86) and a novel factor, peptide 3910.	two antibacterial peptides, cecropin p1 and pr-39 (39-residue proline/arginine-rich peptide), from the upper part of pig small intestine have previously been isolated and characterized. we have now continued our search for antibacterial peptides in different side fractions generated during the isolation of intestinal hormones. starting from one such fraction and monitoring activity against bacillus megaterium, we isolated three homogeneous peptides by three consecutive chromatographic steps. ami ...	1993	8375398
pore-forming bacterial toxins potently induce release of nitric oxide in porcine endothelial cells.	nitric oxide (no) is believed to play an important role in sepsis-related hypotension. we examined the effects of two pore-forming bacterial exotoxins, escherichia coli hemolysin and staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin, on no formation in cultured porcine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. no was quantified using a difference-spectrophotometric method based on the rapid and stoichiometric reaction of no with oxyhemoglobin. endothelial cyclic guanosine monophosphate levels were also monitored. bot ...	1993	8391061
transposon mutagenesis in actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae with a tn10 derivative.	a transposon mutagenesis procedure functional in the gram-negative swine pathogen actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae was developed for the first time. the technique involved the use of a suicide conjugative plasmid, plof/km, carrying a mini-tn10 with an isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside (iptg)-inducible transposase located outside the mobile element (m. herrero, v. de lorenzo, and k. n. timmis, j. bacteriol. 172:6557-6567, 1990). the plasmid was mobilized from escherichia coli to a. pleuropneu ...	1993	8396122
prevalence and some properties of verotoxin (shiga-like toxin)-producing escherichia coli in seven different species of healthy domestic animals.	fecal samples from 720 healthy, domestic animals representing seven different species (cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, dogs, and cats) were investigated for verotoxin (vt [shiga-like toxin])-producing escherichia coli (vtec). vtec were isolated from 208 animals (28.9%), most frequently from sheep (66.6% vtec carriers), goats (56.1%), and cattle (21.1%). vtec were isolated less frequently from pigs (7.5%), cats (13.8%), and dogs (4.8%) and were not found in chickens (< 0.7%). forty-one diff ...	1993	8408571
high-level expression in escherichia coli of the gene coding for the major structural protein (p72) of african swine fever virus.	the gene encoding the major structural protein (p72) of african swine fever virus (asfv) has been expressed in escherichia coli using a t7 rna polymerase system. the use of a recombinant plasmid which contains the entire gene inserted between the t7 promoter and the transcription terminator of the expression vector allowed us to obtain a high expression level of the intact viral protein. this polypeptide, which appears in the insoluble fraction of the bacterial extracts, showed an intense reacti ...	1993	8428668
african swine fever virus encodes a dna ligase.	sequencing of the ecori n' fragment of african swine fever virus (asfv) dna revealed an open reading frame encoding a protein similar to atp-dependent dna ligases. when the gene encoding this protein was expressed in escherichia coli, a protein of the expected molecular mass was labeled in bacterial extracts upon incubation with [alpha-32p]atp. the recombinant protein comigrated in sds-page with the putative viral dna ligase detected in extracts of infected cells. we demonstrate that the recombi ...	1993	8438592
inhibition of adhesion of escherichia coli k88 to piglet ileal mucus by lactobacillus spp.	enteropathogenic escherichia coli k88 colonizing the piglet ileum adhere to the mucosa by k88 fimbrial appendages. a recent study in our laboratory has implicated indigenous lactobacilli in the suppression of the colonization potential of enteropathogenic e. coli as measured by adhesion to ileal mucus. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lactobacillus spp. of porcine origin on the adhesion of k88 fimbriae of e. coli. with an in vitro assay, the adhesion of e. coli k88ab strain ...	1993	8439162
trimethoprim resistance arising in animal bacteria and transferring into human pathogens.		1993	8440954
expression in escherichia coli of the cloned flavin-containing monooxygenase from pig liver.	the amino acid sequence of pig liver flavin-containing monooxygenase (pglfmo) was determined by nucleotide analysis of cdna clones isolated using synthetic oligonucleotide probes. most of the clones isolated were missing the 5'-noncoding region and the first seven codons including the putative initiation codon atg. a full-length cdna clone, pglfmo1, was obtained by extending the 5'-end sequence to include an atg initiation codon and the codons corresponding to the 5'-end using the polymerase cha ...	1993	8444881
[the role of bacterial adhesion in urinary tract infections].	bacteria adhere to and colonize almost any surface. the mechanism by which bacteria interact with the mucosal surface appears to involve specific molecular ligands or adhesins on the surface of the bacteria that interlock with specific receptor molecules on the surface to be colonized. material adhesion allows the microorganisms to resist being washed away by the fluids and secretions that bathe mucosal surfaces and is a necessary prerequisite to growth, colonization, and subsequent infection. m ...	1993	8447048
further characterization of pasteurella haemolytica-like bacteria isolated from swine enteritis.	dna-dna hybridization studies were conducted on six pasteurella haemolytica-like (phl) organisms recovered from cases of swine enteritis. chromosomal-enriched fractions of phl organisms served as the source of dna for southern blots or as whole-chromosomal dna probes. under stringent hybridization conditions, chromosomal dna probes of a prototype phl (strain 6213a) organism distinguished other phl organisms from pasteurella haemolytica types a1 and t3, pasteurella multiocida types a:1 and a:3, e ...	1993	8460470
toxicity of bordetella avium beta-cystathionase toward mc3t3-e1 osteogenic cells.	bordetella avium is the etiological agent of an upper respiratory disease in birds which, symptomatically and pathologically, resembles bordetellosis in humans. studies of the virulence of this organism revealed a novel cytotoxic protein, designated osteotoxin, that was lethal for mc3t3-e1 osteogenic cells, fetal bovine trabecular cells, umr106-01(bsp) rat osteosarcoma cells, and embryonic bovine tracheal cells. the osteotoxin lacked dermonecrotic toxin activity, exhibited no cross-reactivity wi ...	1993	8463265
a review and update on adult syphilis, with particular reference to its treatment.	syphilis has become less common in europe in the last decade, but has once again become a major problem in the usa, and remains so in many developing countries. several treponemal genes have now been cloned and expressed in escherichia coli, allowing study of treponemal proteins. the importance of cell mediated immunity in syphilis has been demonstrated in animal models. a diagnosis of syphilis is usually confirmed by dark-field microscopy or serological tests. seroconversion may be delayed in h ...	1993	8476969
the synergistic effect of trauma and infection on interleukin-1 but not tumor necrosis factor liberation during posttraumatic gram-negative septicemia.	the release profiles of interleukin 1 (il-1) and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) were studied during experimental escherichia coli septicemia and peritonitis with and without a preceding (-48 h) moderate trauma (femur marrow nailing). the trauma alone did not induce significant il-1 or tnf liberation to plasma. during septicemia, a rapid il-1-rise (+30 min) and subsequent normalization (+120 min) was seen. a previous trauma delayed (30 min), but accentuated (2x) and prolonged (> 4 h) the il-1 respon ...	1993	8482300
sequence of the streptomyces thermoviolaceus cub74 alpha-amylase-encoding gene and its transcription analysis in streptomyces lividans.	the alpha-amylase (amy)-encoding gene (amy) of streptomyces thermoviolaceus cub74, previously cloned in escherichia coli and s. lividans and localised on a 1.7-kb bamhi-sphi genomic dna fragment, has been sequenced. a single open reading frame of 1380 bp, which could encode an amy protein of 460 amino acids (aa), was identified. the deduced aa sequence of the thermophilic amy is similar (up to 69.5%) to the mesophilic amy of s. griseus, s. limosus, s. venezuelae and s. hygroscopicus. a 40% seque ...	1993	8486279
structure and expression in e. coli of the gene coding for protein p10 of african swine fever virus.	the gene encoding protein p10, a structural protein of african swine fever (asf) virus, has been mapped, sequenced and expressed in e. coli. protein p10 was purified from dissociated virus by reverse-phase hplc, and its nh2-terminal end identified by automated edman degradation. to map the gene encoding protein p10, a mixture of 20-mer oligonucleotides based upon a part of the amino acid sequence was hybridized to cloned asf virus restriction fragments. this allowed the localization of the gene ...	1993	8503790
adjuvant activity of the escherichia coli wf table l-form cytoplasmic membranes.	it was established that the stable e. coli wf+ l-form cytoplasmic membranes (cm) increase the antibody response in rabbit during experimental hyperimmunization with cells of streptococcus pyogenes a49 and proteus mirabilis d52. using the skin-induration test and the reaction for aggregation of macrophages in presence of homologous antigens it was established that cm increase the cell-mediated immunity of guinea-pigs to protein antigens of the same bacterial strains.	1993	8511999
genetic analysis of escherichia coli from porcine postweaning diarrhoea.	a total of 79 australian isolates of beta-haemolytic escherichia coli from cases of porcine postweaning diarrhoea (pwd), and 18 isolates of serotype o 149:k91:k88 (f4) from unweaned pigs from australia, indonesia and denmark, were examined by multilocus enzyme electrophoresis. these were divided into 57 electrophoretic types (ets), with an overall mean genetic diversity per enzyme locus of 0.466. this value closely resembled that previously recorded for the whole species. not only was the collec ...	1993	8519322
[the nutritive effect of bacillus cereus as a probiotic in the raising of piglets. 2. effect and microbial count, composition and resistance determination of gastrointestinal and fecal microflora].	after a feeding trial of 42 days with 4 x 12 piglets 4 x 6 piglets were slaughtered and the influence of spores of the bacillus cereus strain fh 1457 s added to the feed on the microorganism counts of lactobacillus/bifidobacterium, eubacteria, bacteroidaceae, e. coli, enterococcus and passants (bacillus cereus) in duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon was investigated. beside a negative control the feed was supplemented with 10(7), 10(8) and 10(9) cfu bacillus cereus/kg. the feeding trial i ...	1993	8215895
polyclonal antibody generation in rabbit by administration of an organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (opaa) from squid.	when a nerve gas hydrolyzing enzyme [organophosphorus acid anhydrolase (opaa), formerly dfpase] purified from squid hepatopancreas was injected into rabbits, the resulting sera (ras) inhibited opaa purified from either squid hepatopancreas or squid optic ganglia. the inhibition was non-competitive, with 50% inhibition at a 1:1,000 serum dilution, and with the limit of inhibition (in effect, a "titer") at approximately 1:10,000. this ras did not inhibit the distinctly different opaas from a mamma ...	1993	8216373
escherichia coli producing cnf1 and cnf2 cytotoxins in animals with different disorders.	two dna probes were used for the detection of cnf1- and cnf2-positive e coli strains in a collection of 553 e coli isolates from cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, horses, dogs, cats and poultry. cnf-positive e coli were frequently associated with septicaemia in cattle, dogs, and cats, with diarrhoea in calves, cats and dogs, and with abortion in bovine and porcine species. cnf2-positive strains were observed among adult healthy cattle. they were also found in cases of pneumonia, metritis, mastitis in ...	1993	8220498
gene sequence, cdna construction, expression in escherichia coli and genetically approached purification of porcine interleukin-1 beta.	a genomic clone (pil3) covering the 8.8-kb prointerleukin-1 beta ('catabolin') gene of the domesticated swine (sus scrofa domestica) was isolated from a genomic library and characterized by nucleotide sequencing. typical features of the gene include a seven-exon structure, with the highest degree of nucleotide and amino acid conservation among human and porcine genes being found in the receptor-binding portion encoded by exons six and seven. three 250-bp repetitive elements with a > 75% similari ...	1993	8223584
ependymal cells of the choroid plexus express tumour necrosis factor-alpha.	tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) is a major proinflammatory cytokine which appears in the cerebrospinal fluid very early after endotoxin challenge, and is likely to be produced locally. following in vivo and in vitro challenge with endotoxin, we have demonstrated immunocytochemically and by in situ hybridization that pig and guinea-pig choroid plexus ependymal cells can produce tnf alpha. immuno-electron microscopy shows that this protein is localized within ependymal cells to the cytopl ...	1993	8232752
characterisation of verocytotoxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from pigs and cattle in northern italy.		1993	8236671
mapping and sequence of the gene encoding the african swine fever virion protein of m(r) 11500.	the gene encoding the african swine fever virus protein of m(r) 11,500, present in the virus particle, has been mapped and sequenced in the genome of the vero cell-adapted virus strain ba71v. a serum raised against virion proteins of m(r) 12,000 to 13,000 isolated from polyacrylamide gels was used to screen a plasmid expression library, containing viral dna random fragments, that expresses viral polypeptides fused to beta-galactosidase. using this method, we have identified and sequenced the ope ...	1993	8245848
a cdna derived from pig bone marrow cells predicts a sequence identical to the intestinal antibacterial peptide pr-39.	we have recently shown that a group of antimicrobial peptides of bovine neutrophils share highly identical pro-sequences. in this paper we report the cdna sequence of a 172 amino acid residue pig myeloid protein showing a similar pro-sequence of 101 residues. the carboxyl-moiety of the predicted protein is identical to the mature form of the proline- and arginine-rich antibacterial peptide named pr-39, isolated from pig intestine.	1993	8250863
sequence studies on pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes.	the amino acid sequences of two pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzymes, namely glutamate decarboxylase and 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, were solved by a combination of direct protein sequencing and cdna sequencing. in the case of glutamate decarboxylase from escherichia coli, correct ordering of three internal peptides was achieved by sequencing a fragment of dna generated by pcr. in the case of 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase from pig liver, chemical studies on the reaction of the enzyme w ...	1993	8251112
site-specific mutagenesis of the metal binding sites of porcine fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase.	mutations in the metal binding sites of porcine fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase were carried out by site-specific mutagenesis based on the crystal structure of the enzyme. the mutant and wild-type enzymes have been characterized by circular dichroism spectrometry and initial-rate kinetics. one of the mutant forms of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (glu280gln) is associated with a single metal site, whereas two other mutants (glu97gln and asp118asn) ligate two metal ions. the mutant enzymes exhibit very ...	1993	8274021
regio- and stereoselective oxygenations by adult human liver flavin-containing monooxygenase 3. comparison with forms 1 and 2.	the cdna for the adult human liver flavin-containing monooxygenase (form 3) (fmo3) was cloned, sequenced, and expressed in escherichia coli. the cdna-expressed fmo3 was used to investigate the regio- and stereoselective n- and s-oxygenation of a number of tertiary amines and sulfides, respectively. for comparison, the n- and s-oxygenation of the same chemicals and drugs were examined with adult human liver microsomes from a normal healthy female donor and fmo1 from pig liver and fmo2 from rabbit ...	1993	8117918
antibiotic resistance of enterobacteriaceae isolated from the faecal flora of fattening pigs.	from june 1991 to april 1992 407 faecal samples were collected from three groups of pigs (i n = 248, ii n = 87, iii n = 72) at a pig fattening farm to determine the prevalence and the degree of antibiotic resistance of enterobacteriaceae as well as the antibiotic susceptibility of the strains isolated. despite the absence of mass medication during the observation period, the prevalence of resistance to the most commonly used antimicrobial agents in veterinary medicine was high (range amoxicillin ...	1993	8122351
resuscitation of anesthetized endotoxemic pigs by use of hypertonic saline solution containing dextran.	we evaluated the biochemical and hemodynamic response to hypertonic saline solution plus dextran in isoflurane-anesthetized pigs infused iv with escherichia coli endotoxin (5 micrograms/kg of body weight for 0 to 1 hour + 2 micrograms/kg for 1 to 4 hours). after 120 minutes of endotoxemia, pigs were treated with a bolus (4 ml/kg over 3 minutes) of either normal saline solution (nss; 0.9% nacl), or hypertonic saline solution plus dextran (hssd; 7.5% nacl + 6% dextran-70). administration of hssd s ...	1993	7679261
antibody epitope mapping of the gastric h+/k(+)-atpase.	several antibodies against the gastric h+/k(+)-atpase were analysed for the topological and sequence location of their epitopes. topological mapping was done by comparing indirect immunofluorescent staining in intact and permeabilised rat parietal cells. epitope definition was by western analysis of intact and of trypsin or v8-proteinase-fragmented hog gastric atpase combined with n-terminal sequencing of the fragments; by western analysis of fragments of rabbit alpha subunit expressed in escher ...	1993	7686397
[enterotoxigenic escherichia coli k99+, serotype 08:k25, produce cytotoxic necrotizing factor cnf1 and alpha-hemolysin].	a total of 54 k99+ and/or f41+ escherichia coli strains isolated of calves and piglets with diarrhoea in different countries were investigated for production of heat-labile (lt) and heat-stable (sta) enterotoxins, verotoxins (vt1 and vt2), cytotoxic necrotizing factors (cnf1 and cnf2), alpha-haemolysin (hly) and enterohaemolysin (enthly). fifty-one (94%) strains were sta+, two (4%) were sta+cnf1+hly+ and one (2%) was not toxigenic. the two sta+cnf1+hly+ e. coli strains expressed the k99 intestin ...	1993	7691086
optimization of the synthesis of porcine somatotropin in escherichia coli.	we report on the influence of choice of promoter and rna polymerase, 5'-untranslated regions and ribosome binding sites, codon usage, leader peptide coding sequences and poly a tail in the 3'-untranslated region on the synthesis of porcine somatotropin (pst) in escherichia coli. a total of 12 different constructs were tested in this study for the production of porcine somatotropin (pst) in e. coli. several factors have significant effects on pst synthesis. in the presence of a strong promoter an ...	1993	7763714
purification and some properties of a vero toxin 2 (shiga-like toxin ii) variant (slt-iiva) of escherichia coli isolated from infantile diarrhea.	a variant of vero toxin 2 (vt2), or shiga-like toxin ii (slt-ii) was purified from a cloned strain of escherichia coli carrying a gene that encodes slt-iiva, which is most closely related to slt-iiv (vt2vp, vte) in its nucleotide sequence. the purified slt-iiva showed a slight difference from the purified slt-iiv (vt2vp) in mobility on polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis and sds-polyacrylamide gel slab electrophoresis and in pi, but both showed a similar potency in biological activities. ouc ...	1993	8015420
pathogenicity of an escherichia coli o115:k"v165" mutant negative for f165(1) fimbriae in septicemia of gnotobiotic pigs.	to evaluate the role of the f165(1) fimbrial system in the pathogenesis of septicemia, 2-day-old germfree pigs were inoculated intragastrically with escherichia coli o115:k"v165":f165 wild-type strain 5131, its f165(1)-negative tnphoa mutant m48, or e. coli o115:k(-):f165(-) wild-type strain 862b. pigs were sacrificed at different times (3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h) postinfection (p.i.). pigs inoculated with strain 5131 developed clinical signs (anorexia, lameness, reluctance to move, or lack of ...	1993	8094383
[intestinal receptors for adhesive fimbriae of escherichia coli in swine--a literature review].	this review describes the mechanism of intestinal colonization by enterotoxigenic and enterotoxaemic escherichia (e.) coli in swine. colonization depends on specific binding between adhesive fimbriae and receptors on the enterocytes. special focus is given on the occurrence of specific intestinal receptors for the fimbrial antigens f4 (k88), f5 (k99), f6 (987p) and f41. the demonstration of these receptors allows the identification of susceptible and resistant pigs. furthermore unclassified adhe ...	1993	8096652
identification of plasmid and chromosomal copies of 987p pilus genes in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli 987.	a dna probe derived from the subunit gene of a cloned 987p determinant was used to characterize the locations of the 987p genes in several escherichia coli strains. we examined e. coli 987, a nonpiliated mutant of strain 987 (i36) that does not express 987p in vitro, and a variant of i36 that expressed 987p following growth in vivo. we found that plasmid and chromosomal copies of the 987p subunit gene could be differentiated in strain 987 by restriction endonuclease analysis and southern blot hy ...	1993	8097495
structure and copy number analyses of pap-, sfa-, and afa-related gene clusters in f165-positive bovine and porcine escherichia coli isolates.	pathogenic f165-positive escherichia coli isolates of porcine and bovine origin possess gene clusters related to extraintestinal e. coli fimbrial operons pap, sfa, and afai. probes from different segments of the pap, sfa, and afai operons were used in southern hybridization to analyze 18 f165-positive, mannose-resistant hemagglutinating e. coli isolates possessing pap- and sfa-, pap- and afa-, or pap-related sequences. only single copies of the pap-, sfa-, or afa-related sequences were found amo ...	1993	8099065
human clara cell 10-kda protein is the counterpart of rabbit uteroglobin.	human clara cell 10-kda protein has been suggested to be a counterpart of rabbit uteroglobin, an immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory secretory protein. since this human protein is not readily available in substantial quantity for detailed characterization of its biochemical, biological, and pharmacological properties, we sought to express it in escherichia coli in order to study its structure-function relationship. however, bacterial overproduction of homodimeric proteins with interchain disul ...	1993	8104186
a monoclonal antibody identifies 2134p fimbriae as adhesins on enterotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from postweaning pigs.	fimbriae (pili) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec), including k88, k99, 987p, and f41, are adhesins that facilitate intestinal colonization in neonatal pigs. k88 is also associated with some etec isolated from weaned pigs. many etec isolates from weaned pigs do not express known adhesins and are termed 4p-. a novel bacterial adhesin, 2134p, was recently identified on two 4p- etec isolates from weaned pigs. in this study, we identified a 2134p-specific monoclonal antibody, mab 6c7/c1, tha ...	1993	7905220
bacterial factors in the formation of renal scars. an experimental study on the role of escherichia coli p-fimbriation and hydrophobicity.	a model capable of comparing the effects of bacterial virulence factors on renal scarring in vivo has been developed using the female piglet. by creating, at open surgery, unilateral vesicoureteric reflux (vur) and quantifying scarring both by uptake of an isotope bound to functioning renal parenchyma and by planimetry of the surface area scarred, the effects of 2 organisms, a p-fimbriate escherichia coli and an e. coli k1 have been compared. the p-fimbriate e. coli was shown to express p-fimbri ...	1993	10071534
no accounts completely for the oxygenated nitrogen species generated by enzymic l-arginine oxygenation.	we have assessed the stoichiometry of the nitric oxide (no) synthase reaction by using a novel e.p.r. technique. no generated by crude and partially purified no synthase from endothelial cells and escherichia coli-lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages was trapped by a ferrous diethyldithiocarbamate complex dispersed in yeast. the paramagnetic ferrous mononitrosyl dithiocarbamate complex formed exhibited a characteristic e.p.r. signal at g perpendicular = 2.035 and g parallel = 2.02 with a tri ...	1992	1281408
isolation and characterization of adhesin-defective tnphoa mutants of septicaemic porcine escherichia coli of serotype o115:k-:f165.	non-enterotoxigenic porcine escherichia coli strains belonging to the serogroup o115 have been associated with septicaemia and diarrhoea. putative factors important in the pathogenicity of e. coli of serogroup o115 include fimbrial antigen f165, haemagglutination (mrha), lipopolysaccharide, serum resistance, capsule and production of aerobactin. using tnphoa transposon insertion mutagenesis, two classes of mutants were obtained from e. coli of serotype o115:f165 with respect to the phenotypic ex ...	1992	1282536
nucleotide sequence of cdna for porcine heme oxygenase and its expression in escherichia coli.	the nucleotide sequence of a cdna for porcine heme oxygenase was determined. the open reading frame encoded a polypeptide of 288 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 33,074 da. a prokaryotic expression plasmid carrying porcine heme oxygenase cdna was constructed and transfected into escherichia coli cells. the full-length heme oxygenase expressed was localized in the bacterial membranes. two small-sized heme oxygenases with no membrane-bound properties were also detected, suggesting that ...	1992	1288499
[expression of recombinant human hemoglobin].	the well recognized prevalence of infectious agents in products derived from human whole blood and the increasing number of transfusion-transmitted diseases has made urgent the search for a safe alternative to conventional blood transfusion. sources of hemoglobin (hb) different from outdated human bank blood are under active scrutiny in several laboratories. different approaches have been proposed to produce recombinant human hb in bacteria (e. coli), yeast (s. cerevisiae) and transgenic mammals ...	1992	1288539
a ubiquitin conjugating enzyme encoded by african swine fever virus.	the post-translational modification of proteins by covalent attachment of ubiquitin occurs in all eukaryotes by a multi-step process. a family of e2 or ubiquitin conjugating (ubc) enzymes catalyse one step of this process and these have been implicated in several diverse regulatory functions. we report here the sequence of a gene encoded by african swine fever virus (asfv) which has high homology with ubc enzymes. this asfv encoded enzyme has ubc activity when expressed in escherichia coli since ...	1992	1310934
production in escherichia coli of porcine type-i collagenase as a fusion protein with beta-galactosidase.	porcine type-i collagenase (colg-1) was produced as a fusion protein in escherichia coli using the pax5 expression vector. the fusion protein consists of beta-galactosidase at the n terminus joined to a collagen hinge region and a blood-coagulation factor xa cleavage site linked to colg-1. recombinant collagenase (recolg-1) was biologically active in the form of a fusion protein and could be released by treatment with factor xa to yield colg-1 with the authentic n terminus (phenylalanine) found ...	1992	1311701
isolation and sequence analysis of the cdna for pig kidney fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase.	a full-length clone of pig kidney fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase (d-fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1-phosphohydrolase, ec 3.1.3.11) was isolated by screening a cdna library for complementation of an escherichia coli fbp deletion mutation. the open reading frame of 1011 bases corresponds to 337 amino acids, two more than have been previously reported [marcus, f., edelstein, i., reardon, i. & heinrikson, r. l. (1982) proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 79, 7161-7165]. the extra two amino acids (ala-lys) are locate ...	1992	1313579
mutational analysis of active site residues in pig heart aconitase.	a cdna encoding mature porcine heart aconitase was over-expressed in escherichia coli under the control of a phage t7 promoter. recombinant aconitase purified from e. coli was identical to the enzyme from pig and beef heart in size, [3fe-4s] and [4fe-4s] cluster structure and enzymatic activity. nine amino acid residues in close proximity to the fe-s cluster and bound substrate (lauble, h., kennedy, m.c., beinert, h., and stout, c.d. (1992) biochemistry, in press) were replaced by site-directed ...	1992	1313811
susceptibility to antibiotics of escherichia coli strains isolated from diarrhoeic and non-diarrhoeic livestock in trinidad.	the sensitivity of strains of escherichia coli isolated from calves, piglets, lambs and kids in trinidad to seven antibiotics was determined. two hundred and sixty-four (91.3%) of 289 strains isolated from diarrhoeic animals and 173 (87.4%) of 198 strains from non-diarrhoeic animals exhibited resistance to one or more antibiotics. the difference was not statistically significant (p > or = 0.05; x2). regardless of health status, isolates from lambs were least resistant (75.0%) and those from pigl ...	1992	1339991
[remember escherichia coli mutabile].		1992	1340254
restriction fragment length polymorphism and virulence pattern of the veterinary pathogen escherichia coli o139:k82:h1.	escherichia coli o139:k82:h1 strains originating from outbreaks and single cases of oedema disease in pigs were characterized by their genomic restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), their virulence pattern, and by the occurrence as well as the genomic distribution of the determinants for hemolysin (hly) and verotoxins (shiga-like toxins; slti, sltii). whereas the rflps revealed considerable variation among the e. coli o139:k82:h1 isolates depending the origin and epidemic source of the ...	1992	1348438
evidence for linkage between the swine l blood group and the loci specifying the receptors mediating adhesion of k88 escherichia coli pilus antigens.	brush borders or enterocytes obtained from the small intestine of 248 pedigreed pigs were tested by adhesion assay in vitro with enterotoxigenic escherichia (e.) coli strains, each expressing one of the three k88 pilus variants k88ab, k88ac and k88ad. all pigs were classified as belonging to one of the four adhesion phenotypes: i--k88ab(-), ac(-), ad(-); ii--k88ab(-), ac(-), ad(+); iii--k88ab(+), ac(+), ad(-); and iv--k88ab(+), ac(+), ad(+). serum or red cells were typed for 15 blood group syste ...	1992	1349202
location of the cytoplasmic epitope for a k(+)-competitive antibody of the (h+,k+)-atpase.	the monoclonal antibody (mab) 95-111 binds the alpha subunit of (h+,k+)-atpase and inhibits the k(+)-atpase activity. to map the epitope, all of the partial sequences of the alpha subunit were expressed in escherichia coli hb101 using rabbit alpha subunit cdna restriction fragments ligated into puex vector. bacterial recombinant lysates were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis, and the epitope was detected by western blotting. the antibody site was mapped between cys529 and g ...	1992	1382067
cloning and expression of the gal beta 1, 3galnac alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase.	sequence information obtained by nh2-terminal sequence analysis of two molecular weight forms (45 and 48 kda) of the porcine gal beta 1,3galnac alpha 2,3-sialyltransferase was used to clone a full-length cdna of the enzyme. the cdna sequence revealed an open reading frame coding for 343 amino acids and a putative domain structure consisting of a short nh2-terminal cytoplasmic domain, a signal-anchor sequence, and a large cooh-terminal catalytic domain. this domain structure was confirmed by cons ...	1992	1383214
a chromosome 1-specific dna library from the domestic pig (sus scrofa domestica).	chromosomes were prepared from lymphocytes of a male domestic pig and flow-sorted on a dual-laser facs. twenty spots were observed, corresponding to the known pig karyotype of 18 pairs of autosomes plus the x and y. dna was isolated from 10,000 copies of the presumed chromosome 1 spot, restricted with sau3a, ligated into the vector pgem4z, and pcr amplified using universal primers; the products were then re-ligated into puc18. after transformation into escherichia coli, 210,000 independent colon ...	1992	1395721
heterogeneity among heat-labile enterotoxins produced by porcine enterotoxigenic escherichia coli.	the heat-labile enterotoxins (lt) produced by various porcine strains (ltp) of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli were purified to homogeneity and their molecular properties were compared with each other. by double gel diffusion and rabbit skin permeability test, ltps from wt-1 (ltp-wt-1) and bo-149 (ltp-bo-149) strains were antigenically and biologically identical. by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds), the mobilities of a and b subunits of ltp (bo-149) were iden ...	1992	1397223
influence of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 and its cytolysins on porcine neutrophil chemiluminescence.	the effects of actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 and its metabolites on the oxidative activity of porcine neutrophils were studied by using a chemiluminescence technique. viable a. pleuropneumoniae stimulated the production of oxygen radicals by neutrophils. after having reached a peak value, the oxidative activity decreased until a total inhibition of the oxidative activity of the neutrophils was achieved. all effects were neutralized with homologous convalescent-phase pig sera which h ...	1992	1398943
identification of shiga-like toxin type ii producing escherichia coli using the polymerase chain reaction and a digoxigenin labelled dna probe.	epidemiological studies have demonstrated that enterohaemorrhagic strains of escherichia coli which cause the haemolytic uremic syndrome in humans and the oedema disease in pigs more frequently produce shiga-like toxin type ii (slt-ii) than any other member of the shiga-like toxin family. a technique has been developed for the identification of slt-ii producing e. coli using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and a digoxigenin (dig)-labelled dna probe to facilitate the early detection and epide ...	1992	1406729
evaluation of three different stb assays and comparison of enterotoxin pattern over a five-year period in swedish porcine escherichia coli.	the pig intestinal loop (pil) assay, inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), and dna hybridization assay were compared for analysis of escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin b (stb) on 201 porcine e. coli strains. the dna hybridization had a 95% correlation with the stb elisa and was therefore chosen as the method for subsequent screening of enterotoxin genes: heat labile (lt), heat-stable a (sta), and/or stb. in contrast to the pil assay, both the stb elisa and dna hybridization ...	1992	1424503
observations on production of hemolysin, heat-labile enterotoxin and antimicrobial drug resistance among enterotoxigenic escherichia coli from pigs.	a total of 52 isolates of escherichia coli belonging to enterotoxigenic serotypes from piglets with diarrhea were examined for hemolysis, production of cholera-like enterotoxin (lt) and susceptibility to 10 antimicrobial drugs. a strong association between production of lt and hemolysis was seen. ninety percent of 29 hemolylic isolates were lt+ whereas 100% of 23 nonhemolytic isolates were lt- in a commercial latex agglutination assay. antimicrobial susceptibility tests employing disc diffusion ...	1992	1424558
lipopolysaccharide (lps) inhalation in healthy subjects increases neutrophils, lymphocytes and fibronectin levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.	bacterial endotoxin has been suggested as responsible for the development of subjective symptoms and transient or chronic lung function impairment seen after exposure to organic dusts in cotton mills, poultry houses, swine confinement buildings and saw mills. animal experiments have demonstrated bronchoalveolar neutrophilia being the most prominent cell response in animals following bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) inhalation. the present study was conducted to obtain information on some aspec ...	1992	1426208
effect of concentration and source of sulfate on nursery pig performance and health.	the effect of sulfate in drinking water at concentrations of 600, 1,200, and 1,800 mg/l on nursery pig performance and health was evaluated over 28 days on 415 weaned pigs. sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate were evaluated in combination at concentrations of 600, 1,200, and 1,800 mg/l, and independently at concentrations of 600 and 1,800 mg/l in the drinking water. seven treatment groups and 1 control group were evaluated for mean gain, feed consumption, water consumption, feed conversion, pre ...	1992	1429159
[isolation of vero-cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli from cattle and serotyping and toxin-typing of the isolated strains].	two hundred and sixty-six piglets with diarrhea (from 4 farms), 73 healthy pregnant pig (from 2 farms), 27 calves with diarrhea (from 9 farms) and 47 healthy milk cows (from 1 farm) were examined for vero-cytotoxin-producing escherichia coli (vtec), and 52, 11, 15 and 67 strains of vtec were isolated from 17 piglets, 11 pregnant pigs, 6 calves and 23 milk cows, respectively. all vtec strains from the piglets produced only vt2vp, while the strains from the healthy pigs did not produce vt2vp, but ...	1992	1431372
molecular characterisation of a dna ligase gene of the extremely thermophilic archaeon desulfurolobus ambivalens shows close phylogenetic relationship to eukaryotic ligases.	a 3382 bp fragment containing a gene for a dna ligase from the extremely thermophilic, acidophilic, and facultatively anaerobic archaeon (archaebacterium) desulfurolobus ambivalens was cloned and sequenced. the deduced amino acid sequence (600 amino acids, 67619 molecular weight) showed 30-34% sequence identity with the atp-dependent eucaryal (eukaryotic) dna ligases of schizosaccharomyces pombe, saccharomyces cerevisiae, the human dna ligase i, and with the vaccinia dna ligase. distant similari ...	1992	1437556
effects of injectable beta-carotene and vitamin a on lymphocyte proliferation and polymorphonuclear neutrophil function in piglets.	newborn piglets were injected with either (1) vehicle; (2) 20 mg beta-carotene; (3) 40 mg beta-carotene; (4) 25,000 iu vitamin a palmitate, or (5) 50,000 iu vitamin a palmitate. blood was collected at 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 weeks of age and lymphocyte proliferation, polymorphonuclear neutrophil (pmn) phagocytosis and intracellular killing of live escherichia coli were measured. lymphocyte proliferation in all piglets was high at birth but decreased thereafter. piglets injected with either high beta-ca ...	1992	1467371
solubilization of growth hormone and other recombinant proteins from escherichia coli inclusion bodies by using a cationic surfactant.	recombinant pig growth hormone (rpgh) was solubilized from inclusion bodies by using the cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (ctac). the solubilizing action of ctac appeared to be dependent on the presence of a positively charged head group, as a non-charged variant was inactive. relatively low concentrations of ctac were required for rapid solubilization, and protein-bound ctac was easily removed by ion-exchange chromatography. compared with solubilization and recovery of rpgh f ...	1992	1497625
polymerase chain reaction for detection of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli isolated from animal and food sources.	animals and their by-products have been implicated as important sources of verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) associated with disease in humans. vtec comprise a wide range of serotypes and produce a variety of closely related verocytotoxins (vt). a pair of oligonucleotide primers, targeting conserved sequences found in vt1, vt2 and vte genes, was used to develop a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedure to detect all types of vtec. supernatants of boiled broth cultures of vtec (223 stra ...	1992	1513344
fate of escherichia coli o157:h7 as affected by ph or sodium chloride and in fermented, dry sausage.	the influence of ph adjusted with lactic acid or hcl or sodium chloride concentration on survival or growth of escherichia coli o157:h7 in trypticase soy broth (tsb) was determined. studies also determined the fate of e. coli o157:h7 during the production and storage of fermented, dry sausage. the organism grew in tsb containing less than or equal to 6.5% nacl or at a ph of 4.5 to 9.0, adjusted with hcl. when tsb was acidified with lactic acid, the organism grew at ph 4.6 but not at ph 4.5. a co ...	1992	1514799
is escherichia coli invading tubuloepithelial cells?	the adhesion of escherichia coli to host epithelium cells is the very first step of urinary tract infections followed by the internalization of the bacteria into these cells. these steps are influenced by several surface antigens or products of the pathogen, e.g. fimbriae or adhesins, k antigen, and hemolysin. the bacterial adherence and the internalization of several isogenic e. coli o18 strains differing in the expression of k5 antigen, hemolysin, and type of fimbriae were measured by using a ...	1992	1520978
cloning and expression of a transferrin-binding protein from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.	an expression library was constructed from actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 7. escherichia coli transformants expressing recombinant proteins were identified by immunoscreening with porcine convalescent serum. one transformant expressing a 60-kda protein (60k protein) in aggregated form was identified. serum raised against the recombinant protein recognized a polypeptide with an indistinguishable electrophoretic mobility in the a. pleuropneumoniae wild type after iron-restricted growth o ...	1992	1541562
expression of porcine complement cytolysis inhibitor mrna in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells. changes during differentiation in vitro.	porcine smooth muscle cells (smc) grown to a high density monolayer culture undergo a morphological transition in which the cells draw away from the substrate and form multicellular nodules. the cells within the nodule resemble smc in the aortic media and in some atherosclerotic plaques. the process of nodule formation is associated with the enhanced production of a secreted 38-kda glycoprotein. to characterize the 38-kda protein and its expression, a cdna clone (pc38k) was isolated by immunolog ...	1992	1544909
expression in vivo and in vitro of the major structural protein (vp73) of african swine fever virus.	the vp73 protein was produced by in vitro transcription and translation from the xho i-bam hi fragment located between the cla i-n and cla i-h fragments of the viral genome. this dna fragment encodes a late mrna of about 2.6 kb detected in infected ms monkey and bhk hamster cells. the transcript was initiated at a site within two bases upstream of the translation initiation codon. the in vitro synthesized polypeptide shows the same molecular weight as the in vivo synthesized polypeptide, suggest ...	1992	1550491
characterization of escherichia coli strains isolated from pigs with edema disease.	escherichia coli strains belonging to serogroups o 138 and o 139 isolated from pigs with edema disease, were characterized with respect to the presence of genes encoding shiga-like toxin i, shiga-like toxin ii and shiga-like toxin iiv (slt i, slt ii and slt iiv). genes coding for the heat-stable and heat-labile enterotoxins (st i and lt i) were also detected. plasmid profiling, restriction enzyme digestion of total dna, and ribotyping were performed for further characterization of the strains. t ...	1992	1557896
31p nmr spectroscopic studies on purified, native and cloned, expressed forms of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase.	31p nmr spectroscopy has been utilized in conjunction with site-directed mutagenesis and phospholipid analysis to determine structural aspects of the prosthetic flavins, fad and fmn, of nadph-cytochrome p450 reductase. comparisons are made among detergent-solubilized and protease (steapsin)-solubilized preparations of porcine liver reductases, showing unequivocally that the 31p nmr signals at approximately 0.0 ppm in the detergent-solubilized, hydrophobic form are attributable to phospholipids. ...	1992	1567869
influence of indomethacin on endotoxin-induced changes in gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity and some haematological and clinical parameters in the conscious piglet.	the effect of indomethacin, administered intravenously at 5 mg/kg, on the changes in gastrointestinal myoelectrical activity, rectal body temperature, clinical appearance and some haematological parameters induced by intravenous bolus injection of endotoxin, at 10 micrograms/kg, was examined in conscious piglets with electrodes implanted in the antrum pylori, duodenum, jejunum and ileum. indomethacin inhibited the endotoxin-induced febrile response and the accompanying clinical signs. however, i ...	1992	1598755
time course of various inflammatory mediators during recurrent endotoxemia.	the time course of thromboxane b2 (txb2), 6-keto-pgf1 alpha (stable metabolite of prostacyclin), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha), platelet activating factor (paf), and interleukin-6 (il-6) formation after three lipopolysaccharide (lps) infusions was studied in pigs over an 18-hr, period. the escherichia coli endotoxin w0111:b4 was injected i.v. into 10 of the test group pigs at a dose of 0.5 micrograms/kg over 30 min at 0, 5 and 10 hr of the experiment. three pigs injected with physiolog ...	1992	1599496
colonization of the small intestine of weaned pigs by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli that lack known colonization factors.	intestinal colonization of 3-week-old weaned pigs by enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strains that were originally isolated from weaned pigs with fatal diarrhea and that lacked k88, k99, f41, and 987p adhesins (4p- etec) was studied by histologic, immunofluorescent, and electron microscopic techniques. in the first experiment, 16 principal pigs were inoculated orogastrically with etec strain 2134 (serogroup o157: h19) or 2171 (serogroup 0141:h4), and eight control pigs were not inoculated ...	1992	1621335
characterization of the genes encoding beta-ketoadipate: succinyl-coenzyme a transferase in pseudomonas putida.	beta-ketoadipate:succinyl-coenzyme a transferase (beta-ketoadipate:succinyl-coa transferase) (ec 2.8.3.6) carries out the penultimate step in the conversion of benzoate and 4-hydroxybenzoate to tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in bacteria utilizing the beta-ketoadipate pathway. this report describes the characterization of a dna fragment from pseudomonas putida that encodes this enzyme. the fragment complemented mutants defective in the synthesis of the coa transferase, and two proteins of ...	1992	1624453
plasmid content and localisation of the stai (stap) gene in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli with a non-radioactive polynucleotide gene probe.	enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) strain p2200 of porcine origin possessed eight possibly plasmid-determined characters (k88+ raf+ hly+ col+ smr tcr su(r) sta+) and six plasmid dna bands of 4.2-93 kb. analysis of the spontaneous loss of characters and the results of matings with other e. coli strains revealed that the k88, raf, hly, smr, tcr and su(r) characters could be transferred, and that the presence of the k88 and raf characters was associated with an 83-kb plasmid. the presence and ...	1992	1629900
an enzymatic mutant of shiga-like toxin ii variant is a vaccine candidate for edema disease of swine.	edema disease (ed) of weanling pigs is caused by an infection with escherichia coli that produces shiga-like toxin ii variant (slt-iiv). pathology identical to that caused by ed can be duplicated in pigs that are injected with less than 10 ng of purified slt-iiv per kg of body weight. therefore, slt-iiv was mutated to create an immunoreactive form of the toxin that was significantly reduced in enzymatic activity. initially, purified slt-iiv was treated with formaldehyde which abrogated cytotoxic ...	1992	1730480
stimulation of dna polymerase alpha activity by microtubule-associated proteins.	microtubule-associated protein 2 (map2) isolated from porcine brains stimulated the activity of dna polymerase alpha immunopurified from calf thymus or human lymphoma cells, in a dose-dependent manner. this stimulation was pronounced when activated dna or poly(da).(dt)10 was used as the template-primer. dna polymerase alpha bound to a map2-immobilized column, whereas preincubation of the enzyme with unbound map2 prevented binding to the column. these events suggested that a physical binding occu ...	1991	1742279