Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
some respiratory and enteric diseases of cattle: an update.fibrinous pneumonia caused 40-45% of death losses in cattle shipped into bruce county, ontario. feeding corn silage within the first 2 weeks of arrival increased mortality. commingling cattle from different sources and keeping more than 110 cattle in a pen were detrimental. while use of antimicrobials in the starter ration was beneficial, prophylactic use of antimicrobials in the water was not. mortality was directly proportional to morbidity and treatment costs. vaccinating against any respirat ...19846738491
infection rates of respiratory syncytial virus in pediatric patients attending phra mongkutklao hospital, bangkok.respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and other pathogens were isolated from nasopharyngeal secretions from 200 pediatric patients attending the out patient department of phra mongkutklao hospital with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections. their sera were also taken for determination of class specific immunoglobulin antibody titers. the positive isolation rates were 36% for rsv, 5.5% for adenovirus 1.5% for herpes simplex virus (hsv), and 4% for staphylococcus aureus. one to 5.5% of these ...19846740381
virus-induced complement activation and neutrophil-mediated cytotoxicity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv).complement-dependent neutrophil-mediated cytotoxicity (cdnc) was determined by specific release of 51-chromium (51cr) from respiratory syncytial virus infected hep2 cells in a microcytotoxicity assay. there was significant release of 51cr from rsv infected cells as compared to uninfected cells in the presence of complement (c) and neutrophils (pmn). the degree of cytotoxicity was dependent upon the concentration of c used in the assay. such cytotoxicity was effectively abolished after heat-inact ...19846744659
comparison of immediate and delayed inoculation of hep-2 cells for isolation of respiratory syncytial virus.immediate inoculation of hep-2 cells is generally advocated for the isolation of respiratory syncytial virus. however, delayed laboratory inoculation of properly transported specimens obtained by aspiration of nasopharyngeal mucus provided an isolation rate similar to that obtained with immediate inoculation.19846746883
diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children: comparison of viral antigen detection and serology.direct detection of viral antigen in nasopharyngeal secretion by radioimmunoassay was compared with serology by igg antibody enzyme immunoassay for diagnostic efficacy in 77 children with clinically suspected respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. antigen detection gave a positive diagnosis in 26 of 33 (79%) children in whom rsv infection was diagnosed by any of the two methods. the diagnostic efficacy of antigen detection was dependent upon the interval after onset at which specimens wer ...19846747612
immunoglobulin class-specific antibody response in respiratory syncytial virus infection measured by enzyme immunoassay.immunoglobulin class-specific enzyme immunoassay (eia) was used for determination of antibody responses in sera collected from 26 children with acute primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. all 26 patients had igg antibody responses with a significant titer increase in 24 (92%); an igm antibody response was detected in 19 of the 26 (73%). from patients aged 6 months or less only 5 of 8 produced detectable igm antibodies, whereas all patients aged 1-2 years did so. igm antibodies ap ...19846747613
respiratory syncytial virus infection in the elderly. 19846419871
respiratory viruses and sudden infant death.viruses were shown to be present in the respiratory tract in 200 of 763 cases of the sudden infant death syndrome studied in the nine years 1974-82. epidemiological and pathological evidence suggested that the distribution of viruses in the sudden infant death syndrome differs between infants aged 3 months or less and those aged over 3 months: the incidence of detection of virus was 14% in the younger group compared with 39% in the older group. the distribution of the viruses in these two groups ...19846426615
management of respiratory failure in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis.fifteen infants with acute viral bronchiolitis required mechanical ventilation. infants were all aged less than 12 weeks and all had evidence of atelectasis or pneumonia on chest x-ray films. respiratory syncytial virus was identified by immunofluorescence in 14 of 15 patients. intubation and mechanical ventilation were initiated to reduce the work of breathing rather than to treat hypoxemia alone. additional therapy included continuous positive airway pressure or positive end-expiratory pressur ...19846437212
the characterization and uses of monoclonal antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus.fifteen hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) have been produced. three react with nucleoprotein (mw 42 000 daltons), 1 with phosphoprotein (mw 36 000 daltons), 1 with a larger protein (mw 60 000 daltons) and 10 with the fusion glycoprotein (mw 46 000 + 22 000 daltons). by immunofluorescent staining of infected cells, 5 monoclonal antibodies bind to cytoplasmic inclusions and the remainder give diffuse cytoplasmic fluorescence. virus infectivity is ...19846084614
detection of respiratory virus antigens in nasopharyngeal secretions from patients with acute respiratory disease by radio-immunoassay and tissue culture isolation.an investigation was made of the sensitivity and specificity of four-layer radio-immunoassays (ria) in the detection of adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus types a and b, as well as para-influenza virus types 1, 2 and 3 from nasopharyngeal aspirates of 146 patients with acute respiratory disease. the sensitivity of ria was comparable with that of tissue culture isolation if the total number of positives is considered. the difference may have been caused both by a higher effi ...19846088961
prevalence of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine herpesvirus-1, and bovine parainfluenza-3 virus in sheep and goats in quebec.serum samples were collected from 1,075 clinically normal sheep and goats from 77 flocks in 7 agricultural regions of quebec from june to august 1982. sheep and goats were tested for antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and bovine herpes-virus-1 by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique and for parainfluenza-3 virus by the hemagglutination inhibition test. the prevalence of antibodies in animals to respiratory syncytial virus was 31%; to bovine vira ...19846089626
survey for antibodies to respiratory viruses in two groups of sheep in northern ireland.two hundred serum samples from texel and texel crossbred sheep (non-indigenous breeds) and 200 from indigenous northern ireland breeds (mainly blackface, cheviot and border leicester crosses) were tested for antibodies to parainfluenza virus types 1, 2 and 3, respiratory syncytial virus, bovine adenovirus (subgroups 1 and 2), influenza type a, maedi-visna virus and bovine virus diarrhoea virus. the percentage of animals with antibodies to parainfluenza virus 3 (50 to 56 per cent) and adenovirus ...19846095511
serological studies of parainfluenza type 3 virus, bovine adenovirus type 3 and bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in beef calves.six serum samples were taken at monthly intervals from birth to weaning from each of 41 newborn calves in the autumn and spring calf crops of a beef cow--calf herd. the serum hemagglutination-inhibition (hi) antibody titres to parainfluenza type 3 virus (piv-3), virus-neutralization (vn) antibody titres to bovine adenovirus type 3 (bav-3) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were determined using microtitration techniques. there was serological evidence of a significantly higher inciden ...19846095517
nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the fusion (f) glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus.the nucleotide sequence of the mrna encoding the f protein of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus (strain a2) was determined from cdna clones that contain the complete mrna sequence. the mrna is 1899 nucleotides long exclusive of polyadenylylate. the single major open reading frame encodes a protein of 574 amino acids, with a calculated molecular weight of 63,453. major structural features predicted from the amino acid sequence include an nh2-terminal signal sequence (residues 1-22), hydrophobic tr ...19846096849
prevention of bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection and clinical disease by vaccination.a double blind field trial was carried out with a live attenuated bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine. the trial involved 530 calves, two to 10 months old, on 27 dairy farms, where respiratory problems due to bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections had been observed during the preceding year. in 17 herds either all calves were vaccinated (nine groups) or all calves received a placebo (eight groups). in 10 herds half the number of calves were vaccinated and the other half kept as non ...19846097014
monoclonal antibodies protect against respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice.twenty-five monoclonal antibodies (mab) to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and two to hepatitis b virus were inoculated intravenously into mice. twenty-four hours later the mice were challenged intranasally with rsv. eleven of 14 mab against fusion protein and four out of six mab against a larger glycoprotein (gp84) significantly reduced the titre of rsv in the lungs when mice were killed 5 days later. five mab against three other rsv proteins and two mab against hepatitis b virus had no signi ...19846201436
antiviral effects of bovine interferons on bovine respiratory tract viruses.the antiviral effects of bovine interferons on the replication of bovine respiratory tract viruses were studied. bovine turbinate monolayer cultures were treated with bovine interferons and challenged with several bovine herpesvirus 1 strains, bovine viral diarrhea virus, parainfluenza type 3 virus, goat respiratory syncytial virus, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine adenovirus type 7, or vesicular stomatitis virus. treatment with bovine interferons reduced viral yield for each of these ...19846201505
monoclonal antibodies to human respiratory syncytial virus and their use in comparison of different virus isolates.monoclonal antibodies to the rsn -2 isolate of human respiratory syncytial (rs) virus have been characterized with regard to their specificity for viral polypeptides and for different rs virus isolates. five hybridoma antibodies recognized the phospho-protein vpp32 and the other recognized the matrix protein vpm27 . evidence was obtained to support the view that vpp32 was associated with the nucleoprotein vpn41 . three of the antibodies to vpp32 showed cytoplasmic immunofluorescent staining whil ...19846202832
monoclonal antibodies for the rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection by immunofluorescence.eight separate monoclonal antibodies to the long strain of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were tested for their utility as rapid diagnostic reagents in immunofluorescence. preliminary screening indicated that all 8 reacted with 11 field strains from three previous local rsv outbreaks and with 4 of 5 additional strains chosen because of their antigenic diversity by neutralization. two monoclonal antibodies, one each directed against a surface glycoprotein and the nucleocapsid protein, were the ...19846204807
spectrophotometric quantitation of peroxidase-stained protein bands following gel electrophoresis and the western blot transfer technique with respiratory syncytial virus.a procedure is described for spectrophotometrically measuring the position and intensity of elisa-stained protein bands after western blot analyses. partially purified virus proteins separated by acrylamide gel electrophoresis and electrophoretically transblotted onto nitrocellulose paper were identified by elisa reactions according to established procedures. the nitrocellulose paper strips were then rendered transparent on glass slides by treatment with a plastics solvent (gelman sepra-clear). ...19846205014
antigenic and structural variation in the major nucleocapsid protein of respiratory syncytial virus.antigenic and structural variation in the major nucleocapsid protein, vpn41, from different strains of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus was observed using a combination of monoclonal antibodies and two-dimensional peptide mapping. limited trypsin treatment of intact nucleocapsids produced two peptide fragments mr 27k and mr 14k. two monoclonal antibodies, n1 and n2, reactive with primary sequence epitopes located on intact nucleocapsids also reacted with either the 27k fragment (n2) or the 14k f ...19846208317
defective regulation of immune responses in respiratory syncytial virus infection.the relationship of suppressor cell numbers and function to virus-specific ige response was determined in 72 infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. monoclonal antibodies to membrane antigens were used to enumerate okt4 and okt8 antigen-positive cells, and suppressor cell function as quantitated by the degree of suppression of lymphocyte mitogenesis induced by incubation of lymphocyte cultures with histamine. patients with bronchiolitis had fewer okt8-positive cells during conv ...19846236259
a simultaneous outbreak of respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus type 3 in a newborn nursery.over a 3-week period, 20 of 34 (59%) infants in a newborn nursery developed nosocomial viral respiratory tract disease. either respiratory syncytial virus (seven infants) or parainfluenza virus type 3 (five) or both (two) were demonstrated in respiratory secretions from 14 of the 20 symptomatic patients. symptoms in the 20 infants included rhinitis (15 infants), cough (14), apnea (eight), pulmonary infiltrates (seven), and fever (six). there were no differences in symptoms between children infec ...19846325655
brs virus, pi3 virus and bhv1 infections of young stock on self-contained dairy farms: epidemiological and clinical findings.the role of bovine respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza type 3 virus and bovine herpesvirus 1 as disease agents in 28 groups of young cattle on 19 dairy farms which raised their own replacements was investigated. bovine respiratory syncytial virus infections occurred in 27, parainfluenza type 3 virus infections in all and bovine herpesvirus 1 infections in three of the 28 groups. some infections were accompanied by clinical signs while others were entirely subclinical. clinical respiratory ...19846326374
respiratory virus infections and aeroallergens in acute bronchial asthma.two hundred and fifty six attacks of acute bronchial asthma occurring in 169 children aged over 2 years were studied during a two year period. more attacks occurred during spring and autumn than at other times of the year. in 73 patients (29%) a respiratory virus infection was diagnosed, with the same seasonal variation as the asthmatic attacks. most of the virus infections were caused by rhinovirus (45%) and respiratory syncytial virus (19%). there was no significant correlation between asthmat ...19846326694
prevalence of bovine herpesvirus-1, bovine viral diarrhea, parainfluenza-3, goat respiratory syncytial, bovine leukemia, and bluetongue viral antibodies in sheep.sera from healthy sheep were collected in january and march 1982 from flocks of sheep located in southwestern and southeastern louisiana. these sera were tested for bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1), bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv), parainfluenza-3 (pi-3) virus, and goat respiratory syncytial virus (grsv) antibodies by microtitration virus-neutralization test. the sera were tested also for bovine leukemia virus (blv) and bluetongue virus (btv) antibodies by immunodiffusion tests. the number of flo ...19846329044
protection from respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies.the effects of passive administration of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mab) to respiratory syncytial virus glycoproteins (gp90 and vp70) was evaluated in cotton rats challenged with respiratory syncytial virus. animals injected with mab to vp70 had lower mean viral titers in lung tissues than did controls (log10 2.5 versus 5.4 pfu/g; p less than 0.001), as did cotton rats given mab to gp90 (log10 2.1 versus 5.0 pfu/g; p less than 0.001). fifty percent of animals given either mab had no det ...19846363300
detection by elisa of iga and igm antibodies in secretion and igm antibodies in serum in primary lower respiratory syncytial virus infection.twenty-six infants and children with primary lower rs virus infection, diagnosed by the detection of rs virus in nasopharyngeal secretion (nps) by use of immunofluorescent antibody (fa) technique, were studied with respect to the presence of iga and igm antibodies. samples of nps and serum obtained during the first 3-4 months following the beginning of illness, were investigated. employing a reverse elisa technique, we found igm antibodies in the acute, but not during the convalescent, phase of ...19846363623
infection of gnotobiotic calves with a bovine and human isolate of respiratory syncytial virus. modification of the response by dexamethasone.a bovine and a human strain of rsv both adapted to bovine cell culture, have been inoculated separately into 13 and 7 gnotobiotic calves respectively by 3 different methods. both strains infected calves and showed similar growth patterns. virus was recovered from the nasopharynx between one and 11 days with peak titres between 3 and 8 days following inoculation. with the exception of 4 calves treated with dexamethasone no clinical signs and only minimal macroscopic lesions of the lung were induc ...19846365036
experimental pneumonia in gnotobiotic calves produced by respiratory syncytial virus.a bovine isolate of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), when inoculated intranasally into eight gnotobiotic calves produced significant macroscopic lesions of the lung (2-25% consolidation) but failed to produce any clinical signs of disease. the microscopic lesions comprised proliferative and exudative bronchiolitis with accompanying alveolar collapse and infiltration by mononuclear cells of the peribronchiolar tissue and alveolar walls. virus was recovered from the nasopharynx between days 2 an ...19846365144
evidence for both respiratory syncytial virus and measles virus antigens in the osteoclasts of patients with paget's disease of bone.recent ultrastructural and immunohistochemical evidence supports the hypothesis that paget's disease of bone is a slow viral infection of the paramyxoviridae family. conflicting evidence for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), a pneumovirus, or measles, a morbillivirus, has been reported. by the indirect fluorescent antibody assay, four rsv antisera were compared with four measles antisera on serial sections of pagetic bone or replicate coverslips of cells from pagetic bone grown ...19846365389
[respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a virus infections in children. a simplified preparation of samples for rapid virus diagnosis]. 19846369621
respiratory syncytial virus diagnosis. 19846372231
viral diagnoses using the rapid immunofluorescence technique and epidemiological implications of acute respiratory infections among children in different european countries.from november 1978 to october 1981, a total of 7716 specimens of nasopharyngeal secretions were examined by the rapid immunofluorescence technique to determine the frequency of infections caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), influenza virus a, and parainfluenza viruses 1 and 3. the tests were carried out in six different virus laboratories located in newcastle upon tyne (england), copenhagen, oslo, stockholm, turku (finland), and vienna; laboratories in lisbon and paris participated ...19846375886
isolation of pathogenic bacteria from the nasopharynx of children with respiratory syncytial virus infection. predictive value of chest roentgen examination and laboratory tests.potentially pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the nasopharynx in 33/66 hospitalized infants and children with verified respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the value of chest roentgenograms and blood counts for the prediction of concomitant bacterial infection was evaluated. abnormal chest roentgenograms were found in 89% whether pathogenic bacteria were present or not. the most common finding was general hyperinflation of the lungs, with or without infiltrates. this occurred more f ...19846377479
respiratory virus infection in hospitalized children in austria 1979-1982. diagnosis by immunofluorescence.nasal secretions from 349 austrian children under six years of age who were hospitalized for respiratory illnesses were screened for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), parainfluenza virus 1 and 3, adenovirus and influenza a virus over a period of four years by the immunofluorescence technique. 35% of the specimens were found to be positive for one of the five viruses investigated. rsv was detected in 31% of the nasal secretions and was thus the most frequently encountered causati ...19846381315
cell-mediated immune response in cattle to bovine respiratory syncytial virus.cattle inoculated with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) were evaluated for the development of a cell-mediated immune response. results of the leukocyte migration-inhibition test under agarose and the delayed hypersensitivity test indicated that a cell-mediated immune response was elicited after intranasal inoculation of calves with brsv. migration inhibition in the leukocyte migration-inhibition test was detected by postinoculation day (pid) 5 and reached maximum inhibition on pid 21. i ...19846383149
pathogenesis of experimental bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection in sheep.conventionally reared lambs, seronegative to bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), were inoculated with bovine rsv by an aerosol route. a mild clinical response, characterized by transient fever at postinoculation day (pid) 4, occurred and was accompanied by serous oculonasal secretions in less than 50% of the infected lambs. a decrease in total wbc was observed on pid 6 and 11, with a reduction in the total numbers of lymphocytes. bovine rsv was recovered from nasal secretions of inoculated ...19846383151
interaction of bovine respiratory syncytial virus and pasteurella haemolytica in the ovine lung.the potential synergistic effect of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and pasteurella haemolytica in the production of pneumonia after aerosol/intranasal infection of conventionally reared lambs was evaluated. a mild clinical response was observed in lambs given virus and/or bacteria. gross pulmonary lesions were seen in 3 of 6 lambs given rsv and then p haemolytica 3 or 6 days later, respectively (groups d and e), and in 1 lamb of 5 given virus and bacteria simultaneously (group g). gros ...19846383152
immune response to respiratory syncytial virus: prevention of syncytia formation by human serum during in vitro infection.human serum specimens containing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific neutralizing antibody were found to prevent the formation of syncytia when applied to hep-2 tissue culture monolayers which had been infected with rsv 12 h previously. this was evidenced by the demonstration of rsv-infected cells without any syncytia formation in the monolayers treated with rsv antibody-positive serum. on the other hand, widespread syncytia formation was observed with antibody-negative control serum. the ...19846387611
bronchopulmonary obstruction in children with respiratory virus infections.among 873 children hospitalized with confirmed respiratory viral infections, 492 suffered from bronchopulmonary obstruction. respiratory syncytial virus infections were dominant among the patients with bronchopulmonary obstruction (80%). the majority of patients with rhinovirus infections suffered from bronchopulmonary obstruction (57%). two main groups of children at risk from developing bronchopulmonary obstruction during respiratory virus infections were found: 1) infants, suffering from bron ...19846321218
treatment of respiratory viral infection in an immunodeficient infant with ribavirin aerosol.an infant with severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (scids) secondary to adenosine deaminase deficiency had pneumonitis and combined infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and parainfluenza virus type 3 (piv3). four separate courses of ribavirin were delivered by small-particle aerosol. the piv3 disappeared during the first course, and rsv disappeared after the fourth course on the 58th hospital day. neither virus returned during profound immunosuppression for bone marrow transpla ...19846322573
a prospective study of chlamydial, mycoplasmal, and viral infections in a neonatal intensive care unit.in a prospective study of non-bacterial infection in a neonatal intensive care unit in north west london, chlamydia trachomatis infection was identified in 4 of 280 babies (1.4%) and was the most common cause of neonatal ophthalmia. one of the four developed pneumonitis. ureaplasma urealyticum was found to colonise the nasopharynx in 53 of 235 babies (22.6%), with mycoplasma hominis present in 6 of 235 babies (2.6%). there was a statistically significant association between u urealyticum colonis ...19846322705
an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for igg and iga antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in low dilutions of secretions of human serum and secretions.an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) has been developed for titration of igg and iga antibodies to respiratory syncytial (rs) virus in low dilutions of human serum, colostrum, and nasopharyngeal secretions. previously the sensitivity of rs virus elisa on such specimens has been limited by nonspecific absorption of antibody, particularly iga, to crude antigen preparations. for igg antibody estimation in infant sera, this unwanted binding was reduced to workable levels by increasing the se ...19846389773
antibiotic treatment of pneumonia and bronchiolitis. a prospective randomised study.routine administration of antibiotics in the treatment of pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants and small children was evaluated in an open randomised prospective trial. from 1979-82 136 children between the age of 1 month and 6 years were allocated to one of two treatment groups shortly after their admission to a paediatric ward. group a patients were to be given antibiotics but those in group b were not. none of the children had received antibiotics before hospital admission. a viral infectio ...19846391389
suppression of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats by bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane.intraperitoneal administration of bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane at well-tolerated daily doses of 25 mg/kg subsequent to challenge and for 3 days thereafter effected over a 1-log reduction in the amount of virus recovered from lungs of cotton rats inoculated intratracheally with respiratory syncytial virus. when animals were immunosuppressed to prolong virus shedding, the reduction in recovered virus achieved with a 7-day dosing schedule of bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)methane exceeded ...19846393863
[rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus in children with bronchiolitis by indirect immunofluorescence technic]. 19846400166
impact of viral respiratory diseases on infants and young children in a rural and urban area of southern west virginia.acute viral respiratory disease occurring in children residing in the community of huntington, west virginia (urban children) or in the hollows surrounding huntington (rural children) was evaluated from september 1978 through march 1980. cohorts of ambulatory children residing in each area were studied for the occurrence of mild to moderate respiratory disease. all children admitted to hospitals were evaluated for the occurrence of severe viral respiratory disease. respiratory secretions were ob ...19836404161
respiratory syncytial virus infection in the elderly 1976-82. 19836416524
viruses associated with acute respiratory infections in children admitted to hospital in naples, 1979-82.a survey of the virological and epidemiological features of acute respiratory diseases in children admitted to hospital in naples has been carried out; the results of three years of research are reported.between april 1979 and march 1982, 787 nasopharyngeal swabs were examined. there were 287 (36.5%) positive samples, with the highest isolation rate being found in children with bronchiolitis (39.5%).among the different viruses isolated, adenovirus was the most common (161 positive samples, 56%); ...19836325032
bronchiolitis: a clinical review.bronchiolitis is an acute viral infection primarily caused by respiratory syncytial virus, affecting children under 2 years of age with a peak prior to six months. the clinical picture results from an inflammatory process of the small bronchi and bronchioles. infants present with tachypnea and wheezing often accompanied by respiratory distress and hyperinflation. supportive care is essential, children respond slowly to hydration and careful observation. respiratory distress requires hospitalizat ...19836389670
use of immunofluorescence in the study of the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus infection. 19836372603
hotting-up the complement-fixation test.a detailed investigation into the effect of modifying the incubation temperature of the complement-fixation (cf) test is described. for varicella-zoster virus cytomegalovirus and rubella virus, increasing the incubation temperature progressively increased the sensitivity of the cf test to reach a maximum at 15 degrees c, at which temperature the geometric mean titre of seropositive samples was significantly greater than that found at 4 degrees c. for these three viruses, each serum shown to cont ...19836296229
croup: an 11-year study in a pediatric practice.the etiology and epidemiology of croup were studied in a pediatric group practice over an 11-year period, 1964 to 1975. croup was diagnosed in 951 instances in 6,165 cases of lower respiratory tract infection (lri) studied. as census figures of the practice clientele were available, attack rates were calculated. the incidence of total lri was highest in the first year of life. in contrast, the attack rate for croup was highest in the second year of life; the rate declined gradually after that ag ...19836304611
viral infections of the respiratory tract in hospitalized children. a study from oslo during a 90 months' period.a diagnosis of 979 respiratory viral infections was made in hospitalized children. respiratory syncytial virus greatly out-numbered the other viruses: it caused 58% of the total virus infections and occurred in winter epidemics. influenza a and b virus occurred during late winter and spring, rhinovirus had a seasonal distribution towards spring and autumn, whereas adenovirus types 1, 2 and 5 had no distinct seasonal distribution. whereas respiratory syncytial virus were mainly associated with br ...19836305106
elimination of contaminating bovine viral diarrhea virus from bovine respiratory syncytial virus stock. 19836306037
[chronic isolated brain lesions caused by respiratory viruses in children].combined study of 48 postmortem observations of cerebral lesions caused mainly by meningococcal infection in children was carried out. in 15 cases, isolated subclinical involvement of the brain (more frequently, of the vascular plexus and meninges) caused by influenza a viruses (8 cases), b (2 cases), adenoviruses (6), parainfluenza and respiratory syncytial virus (1 each), and chlamydia (2) was found. this was proved by the presence of the appropriate antigens in the brain revealed by immunoflu ...19836309121
activation of oxidative and arachidonic acid metabolism in neutrophils by respiratory syncytial virus antibody complexes: possible role in disease.the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) antibody complexes on the metabolism of human neutrophils was determined by examining the generation of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, superoxide, and thromboxane b2. incubation of neutrophils with rsv antibody complexes resulted in a significant increase in the production of chemiluminescence. the increase in chemiluminescence appeared to be due to (1) active phagocytosis of rsv antibody complexes as evidenced by 70% inhibition with cytochal ...19836309990
amino acid sequence of human respiratory syncytial virus nucleocapsid protein.amino acid sequence of the human respiratory syncytial (rs) virus nucleocapsid (nc) protein, deduced from the dna sequence of a recombinant plasmid, is presented. the cdna plasmid (prsb11) has 1412 bp of rs viral nc sequence and lacks six nucleotides of the 5' end of mrna. there is a single long open reading frame encoding 467 amino acids. this 51540 dal protein is rich in basic amino acids and has no homologies with other known viral capsid proteins.19836310521
effect of sucrose phosphate and sorbitol on infectivity of enveloped viruses during storage.cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus recovery from sucrose phosphate (0.2 m sp) and 70% sorbitol (sorbitol) was compared after storage at -70, 4, and 20 degrees c over time. recovery from 0.2 m sp was uniformly better. more tissue culture infective doses and infectious foci were recovered in cell monolayers inoculated with 0.2 m sp virus stocks as compared with viruses stored in 70% sorbitol. although both viruses were isolated from diluted fresh stocks (10(-1) through 10(-4], freezing dil ...19836313747
[contribution of direct immunofluorescence diagnosis to the epidemiology of acute viral respiratory infections in young children].rapid diagnosis by immunofluorescence (if) has enabled us to study the epidemiology of acute viral respiratory diseases in infants admitted to the chru at caen between january 1980 and december 1982. 809 nasal aspiration samples were examined. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was recovered in 36% of cases. these were observed during the four winter outbreaks which occurred during the study period and were extensive in 1980-1981 and 1982-1983. a virus was demonstrated in 13.5% of the 515 rsv neg ...19836316549
improvement of respiratory syncytial virus replication in actively growing hep-2 cells.the growth of respiratory syncytial (rs) and parainfluenza type iii (pi3) viruses has been studied in actively growing versus relatively stationary hep-2 cells. there was no effect on pi3 virus growth. rs virus synthesis was stimulated from 20- to 60-fold by growth in actively growing cultures when the cell density was approximately 1/3 that of a confluent culture. this stimulation was manifested by a greater yield of virus per cell, more virus-specific mrna produced per cell, and a 50% decrease ...19836317708
[viruses and asthma].more than one-third of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis subsequently experience recurrent episodes of wheezing. in asthmatic children, viral infections frequently trigger asthmatic attacks. indeed, viruses induce immunological and respiratory functional disorders. as compared with non-wheezing rsv infected infants, wheezing infants with bronchiolitis or asthma due to rsv have: a) increased t-lymphocyte responsiveness to rsv antigen; b) more persistent ige bound to nas ...19836320377
cell-mediated cytotoxic responses in lungs of cotton rats infected with respiratory syncytial virus.pneumonia induced in cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) after inoculation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was accompanied by the appearance of leukocytes in infected lungs. the number of these leukocytes increased until day 5 after inoculation when sixfold more leukocytes were recovered from infected lungs using transpleural lavage than were recovered from lungs of uninfected control animals. although macrophages and lymphocytes constituted approximately 65 and 25%, respectively, of the cells ...19836340570
ribavirin treatment of experimental respiratory syncytial viral infection. a controlled double-blind study in young adults.the effect of ribavirin aerosol on experimental respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was evaluated in a double-blind controlled study of 16 young adult volunteers. two days after intranasal inoculation with rsv, half of the subjects were treated with a small-particle aerosol of ribavirin and half with placebo for a total of 12 hours each day for three days. seven of eight placebo-treated and six of eight ribavirin-treated subjects became infected. viral shedding was diminished in the riba ...19836341640
aerosolized ribavirin treatment of infants with respiratory syncytial viral infection. a randomized double-blind study.we evaluated a new antiviral agent, ribavirin, in the treatment of infants hospitalized with lower-respiratory-tract disease from respiratory syncytial virus. ribavirin or placebo was administered to 33 infants in a double-blind manner by continuous aerosol for three to six days. seventeen infants were treated with placebo, and 16 with ribavirin. by the end of treatment, infants receiving ribavirin had significantly greater improvement in their overall score for severity of illness, in lower-res ...19836343860
the nosocomial spread of respiratory syncytial viral infections.respiratory syncytial virus is a regular winter visitor that is highly contagious among persons of all ages. it is the major nosocomial pathogen on infant and toddler wards, and has recently been recognized as also causing appreciable nosocomial illness in the elderly. control of the spread of this virus has been difficult, but transmission appears to require close contact via large-particle aerosols or via fomites. environmental conditions affect the survival of the virus on varying surfaces an ...19836344761
monoclonal antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus proteins: identification of the fusion protein.six monoclonal antibodies directed against respiratory syncytial virus proteins were produced. each was characterized by immunoprecipitation and indirect immunofluorescence. one was directed against the nucleocapsid protein. np 44, two were directed against a 37,000-dalton protein, two were directed against the major envelope glycoprotein, gp 90, and one was directed against the 70,000-dalton envelope protein, vp 70. indirect immunofluorescence stain patterns of infected hep-2 cells defined gp 9 ...19836345804
lung defenses against infection: a clinical correlation.the current state of knowledge of lung defenses has been reviewed. first, mechanical factors such as aerodynamic filtration and mucociliary transport were considered. then, in general terms, the contributions of alveolar macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and immunoglobulins, and the roles of complement, antiproteases, lysozyme, and fibronectin were examined. interactions between these components may regulate their effect. finally, the responses to five specific microorganisms were reviewed ...19836346246
rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus with a monoclonal antibody.we developed an indirect fluorescent-antibody test employing a mouse monoclonal antibody directed against the nucleoprotein of rsv for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). this test demonstrated distinctive fluorescent inclusions in hep-2 cells infected with 24 rsv isolates collected during 6 previous years but not in cells infected with 13 other respiratory viruses. examination of nasal cells of 100 infants with acute respiratory illness showed that the indirect fluorescent-ant ...19836348077
evidence for a viral etiology of paget's disease of bone.ultrastructural studies of the bone cells in patients with paget's disease of bone have revealed the presence of nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions that resemble the nucleocapsids of paramyxoviridae virus. immunocytologic studies of bone biopsy specimens and cultured bone cells have demonstrated positive responses with antisera against measles virus and/or respiratory syncytial virus. these observations suggest that paget's disease may be a slow viral infection of bone. the exact nature of the p ...19836349897
mechanisms of immunity to respiratory syncytial virus in cotton rats.active immunity and maternally transmitted passive immunity to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were studied in cotton rats. animals infected with respiratory syncytial virus developed complete resistance to pulmonary reinfection, which lasted at least 18 months. nasal resistance was of shorter duration and began to diminish in 8 months. pulmonary resistance was transferred by parabiosis, but nasal resistance was not. adoptive transfer studies with fractionated convalescent blood showed that se ...19836352505
rapid diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a virus infections by immunofluorescence: experience with a simplified procedure for the preparation of cell smears from nasopharyngeal secretions.a simplified procedure for preparing direct smears of exfoliated cells from nasopharyngeal secretions is presented. the specimens were examined by the indirect immunofluorescence (if) technique for the presence of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus and influenza a virus antigens. specimens from 457 children hospitalised at twelve different hospital departments in norway were examined during the winter season 1980-81. rs virus was identified in samples from 139 children and influenza a virus from 2 ...19836353858
experimental respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in young calves: microbiologic and immunofluorescent findings.young calves were inoculated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) intranasally or by a combined intranasal and intratracheal route and were killed between postinoculation (initial) days (pid) 1 and 14. viral antigens were detected by immunofluorescence in nasopharyngeal cells from calves killed between pid 2 and 10. evidence of infection of the trachea and lungs with rsv was obtained by immunofluorescence and virus isolation in calves inoculated by the combined route, but not in calves inocula ...19836354017
correlation of cytotoxic activity in lungs to recovery of normal and gamma-irradiated cotton rats from respiratory syncytial virus infection.cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) that were exposed to 300, 600, or 900 rads of gamma irradiation and inoculated intranasally 2 days later with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) exhibited prolonged virus shedding and delayed humoral and cytotoxic immune responses compared with comparably inoculated nonirradiated control rats. in nonirradiated animals and in animals exposed to 300 and 600 rads, levels of virus declined and then disappeared from the lungs during the period in which cytotoxic activit ...19836354026
enzymatic cleavage of a glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus.the 75k glycoprotein of the a2 strain of respiratory syncytial virus was cleaved by digestion with trypsin or staphylococcus aureus protease v8. the fragments resulting from trypsin digestion were 40k and 29k; those from the staphylococcal protease were 49k and 37k.19836354136
rapid immunoperoxidase assay for detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions.samples of nasopharyngeal secretions obtained from 70 infants and young children with acute respiratory disease were examined for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus by immunoperoxidase assay (ipa). the ipa was compared with the immunofluorescence assay and with cell culture isolation. respiratory syncytial virus antigen-positive cells were detected by both ipa and immunofluorescence assay in 28 specimens; 25 samples were positive in cell culture. the agreement between virus isolation an ...19836355168
ribavirin aerosol treatment of bronchiolitis associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants.in a double-blind study, bronchiolitis associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection in 12 randomly selected patients treated with ribavirin aerosol improved more rapidly than in 14 control patients given saline aerosol (p = .044, wilcoxon rank sum test, two-tailed). an estimated 10 mg of ribavirin per kilogram of body weight was administered in daily 12-hour treatments over a five-day period. respiratory syncytial virus disappeared from secretions at about the same rate in treated and c ...19836356005
[asthmatic syndrome in respiratory syncytial virus infection associated with influenza in young children]. 19836356010
respiratory syncytial virus detection by immunofluorescence in nasal secretions with monoclonal antibodies against selected surface and internal proteins.specimens containing respiratory tract epithelial cells from infants and children with acute respiratory disease were evaluated by using an indirect immunofluorescence technique with two specific respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibodies. one (rs/hn 13-1) was directed against a cell surface viral antigen, and the other (rs/hn 25-2) was directed against viral antigen present in large cytoplasmic inclusions. the same results on presence or absence of respiratory syncytial virus were obtain ...19836361054
aromatic amidines: comparison of their ability to block respiratory syncytial virus induced cell fusion and to inhibit plasmin, urokinase, thrombin, and trypsin.two series of amidine derivatives consisting of a total of 24 compounds were examined for a correlation between their blocking effect on respiratory syncytial virus induced cell fusion and their inhibitory activity against selected trypsin-like protease. although no correlation was evident between the two activities, several potentially important discoveries were made. a highly selective inhibitor of plasmin over thrombin (compound 10) was obtained, and a potent new blocker of virus-induced cell ...19836219223
enhancement of respiratory syncytial virus-induced cytopathology by trypsin, thrombin, and plasmin.a series of proteases of diverse substrate specificity were tested for their effect on respiratory syncytial virus-induced cytopathology. three of the enzymes, thrombin, plasmin, and trypsin, were able to augment significantly the fusion of virus-infected a549 cells. on a concentration basis, thrombin was the most active promoter, followed by plasmin and then trypsin. hirudin, a specific thrombin inhibitor, blocked the fusion-enhancing property of thrombin, yet had no influence on the basal rate ...19836219957
ribavirin for influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infections. 19836136701
monoclonal antibodies protect against respiratory syncytial virus. 19836138541
some regularities in variations of respiratory syncytial virus strains during their epidemiological circulation.among respiratory syncytial (rs) viruses circulating in the territory of u.s.s.r., strain variations were observed based on the differences in activity of virus reproduction in human embryo kidney cell cultures at 39 degrees c and in virus sensitivity to antibodies. mathematical expression of the correlation between these two genetic markers made it possible to classify the new isolates of rs virus into three groups differing in their virulence, namely high, mild and low virulent strains. popula ...19836138987
respiratory syncytial virus infection in syrian hamsters. i. development of humoral immunity.adult syrian hamsters have been shown useful for the study of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. clinical manifestations coincided with the maximum replication of the virus in respiratory tract of infected animals as confirmed by immunofluorescence (if) test. the dynamics of secretory and serum antibody responses is described in infected and reinfected animals.19836140834
respiratory syncytial virus infection in syrian hamsters. ii. regulation of the immune response.the dynamics of immune cell responsiveness in the process of development of primary and secondary immune responses after infection of adult syrian hamsters with native respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was studied. in primary immune response, the enhancement of functional responsiveness of lymphocytes to mitogens and the maximum level of their spontaneous proliferative activity were found to precede the optimal level of antibody synthesis. regulation of the dynamics of immunogenesis after reinfe ...19836140835
cdna cloning and transcriptional mapping of nine polyadenylylated rnas encoded by the genome of human respiratory syncytial virus.we have isolated cdna clones representing nine unique poly(a)+ rnas transcribed from the genome of human respiratory syncytial virus, a paramyxovirus. a cdna library was constructed by using poly(a)+ rna from virus-infected cells as template and the escherichia coli plasmid pbr322 as vector. viral cdna clones were identified by hybridization with cdna probes prepared from viral genomic rna. the viral clones were grouped into nine different families by hybridization with individual size-selected ...19836190173
report of a workshop on respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza viruses. 19836194232
antiviral drugs 1983.a number of antiviral compounds are currently available, and several others are of great interest. trifluridine, idoxuridine, and vidarabine are effective topically in herpes simplex virus keratoconjunctivitis infection. vidarabine (and presumably acyclovir) is effective in herpes simplex virus encephalitis and in herpes zoster infections in the immunocompromised host. acyclovir is effective topically, orally, and intravenously in primary herpes genitalis, and the oral and intravenous forms are ...19836194388
antigenic and biological criteria of differentiation of the newly isolated strains of respiratory syncytial virus.respiratory syncytial (rs) virus strains isolated in different years varied by their antigenic and biological properties. the lowest degree of relatedness was found between the "street" virus and the prototype long strain; the highest occured among the isolates from a given isolation period. based on the mean indices of efficiency of the virus reproduction in human embryo lung (hel) cells at 37 degrees c and 39 degrees c as well as on the degree of virus sensitivity to reference antibodies, the ...19836195898
[a survey on antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus in the sera of children in beijing]. 19836226398
isolation of respiratory syncytial and influenza viruses from the sputum of patients hospitalized with pneumonia.routinely collected sputum specimens from 100 adults hospitalized with pneumonia were frozen at -70 c until inoculation into madin-darby canine kidney, fetal tonsil, and esophageal epithelial cells. six influenza a (h3n2) viruses, two respiratory syncytial viruses, three rhinoviruses, and nine herpes simplex viruses were recovered. four patients with influenza virus and one with respiratory syncytial virus isolated had nosocomial pneumonia. viral isolation from sputum specimens may aid the diagn ...19836827134
identification of the virus-specific proteins of respiratory syncytial virus temperature-sensitive mutants by immunoprecipitation.the proteins of long strain rsv and three temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of the a2 strain were compared by pulse labeling virus-infected cells with [35s]methionine and [3h]glucosamine followed by analysis of the cell lysates by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. at the permissive temperature (30 degrees) proteins ranging in molecular weight from 24,000 to 50,000 (vp24, vp27, vp33, vp44) could be identified. immunoprecipitation of viral lysates by immune rabbit serum demonstrated antigenic s ...19836828465
respiratory syncytial virus polypeptides. iii. the envelope-associated proteins.four proteins, gp1, vgp48, gp26 and vpm27, are associated with the envelope of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus. the status of gp1 has been uncertain, because a cellular glycoprotein migrates at the same position when laemmli's discontinuous buffer system is used for page, and because bsc-1 cells infected with the rsn-2 strain of rs virus appear not to contain gp1. however, additional evidence suggests that gp1 is a viral structural protein. (i) it is removed from cells by trypsin, while the cel ...19836834007
respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in adults.two cases of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in adults area described. in both patients, the clinical picture of the adult respiratory distress syndrome, with marked tachypnoea. hypoxaemia and bilateral diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, was present. one patient had systemic lupus erythematosus, while the other had chronic obstructive lung disease and was a heavy drinker of alcohol. both patients survived and recovered after a prolonged stay in hospital.19836835164
effect of maternal nutritional status on immunological substances in human colostrum and milk.substances in colostrum and breast milk confer significant disease resistance to the breast-fed infant. the influence of maternal nutritional status on both immunological and nonimmunological milk factors was studied in a group of 23 colombian women during the first 2 months of lactation. maternal malnutrition was characterized by significantly lower weight/height ratio, creatinine/height index, total serum proteins, serum albumin, and serum igg and iga. the colostrum of malnourished mothers con ...19836837495
presumed respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia in three immunocompromised adults.three cases of presumed respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia in immunocompromised adults are described. two patients had symptoms of cough, fever, and malaise, following completion of a course of combination chemotherapy for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. the third patient, a juvenile onset diabetic, developed similar symptoms while hospitalized for severe hyperglycemia. chest roentgenograms showed lower lobe infiltrates in both leukemic patients and a bilateral non-conflu ...19836846393
inoculation of hep-2 cells for respiratory syncytial virus isolation. 19836848291
Refresh
firstprev
...111112113114115116117118119120
nextlast
Displaying items 11201 - 11300 of 11972