Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted descending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
multidrug-resistant outbreak-associated salmonella strains in irrigation water from the metropolitan region, chile.salmonella enterica (s. enterica) is the main cause of foodborne diseases in the chilean population. with the aim of characterizing the presence of s. enterica in bodies of water, samples from 40 sources were obtained, including rivers and irrigation canals used by agricultural farms in the most populated regions of chile. as result, 35 s. enterica isolates belonging to several serotypes were detected, with the highest frequency represented by typhimurium and enteritidis. all strains showed phen ...201627860367
genome sequences of two salmonella enterica serovar kentucky isolates recovered from poultry carcasses in the united states.we report here the draft genome sequences of two salmonella enterica serovar kentucky eburstgroup 15 isolates collected from poultry carcasses in georgia (usa).201627856587
salmonella enteritidis effector avra stabilizes intestinal tight junctions via the jnk pathway.salmonella pathogenesis studies to date have focused on salmonella typhimurium, and the pathogenesis of a second major serotype, salmonella enteritidis, is poorly understood. salmonella spp. possess effector proteins that display biochemical activities and modulate host functions. here, we generated a deletion mutant of the effector avra, s.e-avra(-), and a plasmid-mediated complementary strain, s.e-avra(-)/pavra(+) (s.e-avra(+)), in s. enteritidis. using in vitro and in vivo infection models, w ...201627875307
draft genome sequence of salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) strain crjjgf_00165 (phylum gammaproteobacteria).here, we report a 4.78-mb draft genome sequence of the salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) strain crjjgf_00165 [also called s. enterica subsp. iiib serovar 61:k:1,5,(7) strain crjjgf_00165], isolated from ground beef in 2007.201627881547
in silico clustering of salmonella global gene expression data reveals novel genes co-regulated with the spi-1 virulence genes through hild.a wide variety of salmonella enterica serovars cause intestinal and systemic infections to humans and animals. salmonella patogenicity island 1 (spi-1) is a chromosomal region containing 39 genes that have crucial virulence roles. the arac-like transcriptional regulator hild, encoded in spi-1, positively controls the expression of the spi-1 genes, as well as of several other virulence genes located outside spi-1. in this study, we applied a clustering method to the global gene expression data of ...201627886269
hyperinvasiveness of salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis linked to hyperexpression of type iii secretion systems in vitro.salmonella enterica serovars choleraesuis and typhimurium are among the non-typhoid salmonella serovars that are important zoonotic pathogens. in clinical observation, s. typhimurium typically causes diarrheal diseases; however, s. choleraesuis shows high predilection to cause bacteremia. the mechanism why s. choleraesuis is more invasive to humans remains unknown. in this study, we compared the s. typhimurium lt2 and s. choleraesuis sc-b67 proteomes through stable isotope labeling of amino acid ...201627886215
a comparative evaluation of different diagnostic modalities in the diagnosis of typhoid fever using a composite reference standard: a tertiary hospital based study in central india.enteric fever, caused by salmonella spp. is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and endemic in many developing countries including india and other south-east asian countries. blood culture is regarded as the gold standard for diagnosis. currently, the standard serological method is tube agglutination with moderate sensitivity and specificity. dot blot assay detecting igm and igg antibodies to a specific 50kd outer membrane protein (omp) antigen of salmonella spp. is a simple, reli ...201627891335
high-resolution ph imaging of living bacterial cells to detect local ph differences.protons are utilized for various biological activities such as energy transduction and cell signaling. for construction of the bacterial flagellum, a type iii export apparatus utilizes atp and proton motive force to drive flagellar protein export, but the energy transduction mechanism remains unclear. here, we have developed a high-resolution ph imaging system to measure local ph differences within living salmonella enterica cells, especially in close proximity to the cytoplasmic membrane and th ...201627923921
interaction between salmonella and schistosomiasis: a review.the interaction between schistosomiasis and salmonella is a particularly important issue in africa, where dual infection by the parasite and the bacterium are likely common. in this review, the ways in which schistosomiasis affects human biology as it relates to salmonella are described. those who are infected by both organisms experience reduced immunological functioning, exhibit irreversible organ damage due to prolonged schistosomiasis infection, and become latent carriers of salmonella enter ...201627907208
antimicrobial susceptibility to azithromycin among salmonella enterica typhi and paratyphi a isolates from india.decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility (dcs) and multidrug resistance in typhoidal salmonella isolates in areas of endemicity are significant therapeutic problems. guidelines for azithromycin disc diffusion and mic interpretive criteria for salmonella enterica serovar typhi were published recently by the clinical and laboratory standards institute in 2015. we investigated the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of azithromycin in 100 isolates of salmonella typhi (n=80), paratyphi a (n=18) and b ...201627902389
salmonella enterica subspecies arizonae infection of adult patients in southern taiwan: a case series in a non-endemic area and literature review.the majority of salmonella arizonae human infections have been reported in southwestern united states, where rattlesnake-based products are commonly used to treat illness; however, little is known in non-endemic areas. we reviewed and analyzed the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes in adult patients with s. arizonae infection at our institution.201627938338
serotypes and antimicrobial resistance in salmonella enterica recovered from clinical samples from cattle and swine in minnesota, 2006 to 2015.salmonellosis remains one of the leading causes of foodborne disease worldwide despite preventive efforts at various stages of the food production chain. the emergence of multi-drug resistant (mdr) non-typhoidal salmonella enterica represents an additional challenge for public health authorities. food animals are considered a major reservoir and potential source of foodborne salmonellosis; thus, monitoring of salmonella strains in livestock may help to detect emergence of new serotypes/mdr pheno ...201627936204
purification and antigenic detection of o-specific polysaccharides of salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi a isolate from pakistan: an emerging threat.paratyphoid fever caused by salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi a is becoming a serious health problem in asian countries particularly pakistan, china and india and situation is aggravated by current unavailability of a licensed vaccine. this study was designed to purify the o-specific polysaccharides (osp) produced by an isolate of salmonella paratyphi a from pakistan and detect antigenicity of extracted lipopolysaccharide (lps) and purified osp pioneerly in south asian region as candidate fo ...201627933236
genome sequences of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar infantis strains from broiler chicks in hungary.three strains of salmonella enterica serovar infantis isolated from healthy broiler chickens from 2012 to 2013 have been sequenced. comparison of these and previously published s infantis genome sequences of broiler origin in 1996 and 2004 will provide new insight into the genome evolution and recent spread of s infantis in poultry.201627979950
the crispr-cas system presents multiple transcriptional units including antisense rnas that are expressed in minimal medium and up-regulated by ph in salmonella enterica serovar typhi.the crispr-cas system is involved in bacterial immunity, virulence, gene regulation, biofilm formation and sporulation. in salmonella enterica serovar typhi this system consists of five transcriptional units including antisense rnas. it was determined that these genetic elements are expressed in minimal medium and are up-regulated by ph. in addition, a transcriptional characterization of cas3 and ascse2-1 is included herein.201627995873
role of t3ss-1 sipd protein in protecting mice against non-typhoidal salmonella typhimurium.salmonella enterica species are enteric pathogens that cause severe diseases ranging from self-limiting gastroenteritis to enteric fever and sepsis in humans. these infectious diseases are still the major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries, especially in children younger than 5 years and immunocompromised adults. vaccines targeting typhoidal diseases are already marketed, but none protect against non-typhoidal salmonella. the existence of multiple non-typhoidal salmonella s ...201627992422
complete genome sequence of new bacteriophage phie142, which causes simultaneously lysis of multidrug-resistant escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica.the emergence of antibiotic-resistant foodborne bacteria is a global health problem that requires immediate attention. bacteriophages are a promising biotechnological alternative approach against bacterial pathogens. however, a detailed analysis of phage genomes is essential to assess the safety of the phages prior to their use as biocontrol agents. therefore, here we report the complete genome sequence of bacteriophage phie142, which is able to lyse salmonella and multidrug-resistant escherichi ...201627999624
cytochrome bd-dependent bioenergetics and antinitrosative defenses in salmonella pathogenesis.in the course of an infection, salmonella enterica occupies diverse anatomical sites with various concentrations of oxygen (o2) and nitric oxide (no). these diatomic gases compete for binding to catalytic metal groups of quinol oxidases. enterobacteriaceae express two evolutionarily distinct classes of quinol oxidases that differ in affinity for o2 and no as well as stoichiometry of h(+) translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane. the investigations presented here show that the dual function o ...201627999164
laboratory investigation of <i>salmonella enterica</i> serovar poona outbreak in california: comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and whole genome sequencing (wgs) results.recently, salmonella enterica serovar poona caused a multistate outbreak, with 245 out of 907 cases occurring in california. we report a comparison of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) results with whole genome sequencing (wgs) for genotyping of salmonella poona isolates.201628018748
detection of salmonella enterica serovar montevideo and newport in free-ranging sea turtles and beach sand in the caribbean and persistence in sand and seawater microcosms.salmonellae are gram-negative zoonotic bacteria that are frequently part of the normal reptilian gastrointestinal flora. the main objective of this project was to estimate the prevalence of non-typhoidal salmonella enterica in the nesting and foraging populations of sea turtles on st. kitts and in sand from known nesting beaches. results suggest a higher prevalence of salmonella in nesting leatherback sea turtles compared with foraging green and hawksbill sea turtles. salmonella was cultured fro ...201628009107
prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of salmonella enterica serovar indiana in china (1984-2016).salmonella enterica serovar indiana, first described in 1955, is generally regarded as having a low frequency worldwide with outbreaks of gastroenteritis and abortions described in north america and europe. in china, s. indiana was first reported in 1984 and in the subsequent 71 surveys in 35 cities/municipalities from 18 provinces, 70% of which were after 2012, s. indiana has been shown to have become widely prevalent in people, animals, food and the environment around abattoirs and meat proces ...201628009105
outbreak of salmonella oslo infections linked to persian cucumbers - united states, 2016.in april 2016, pulsenet, the national molecular subtyping network for foodborne disease surveillance, detected a multistate cluster of salmonella enterica serotype oslo infections with an indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) pattern (xbai pfge pattern oslx01.0090).* this pfge pattern was new in the database; no previous infections or outbreaks have been identified. cdc, state and local health and agriculture departments and laboratories, and the food and drug administration ...201628033312
[salmonella enterica: a review or the trilogy agent, host and environment and its importance in chile].salmonella enterica is a major foodborne pathogen worldwide, being the main cause of outbreaks by food consumption in chile. despite all efforts deployed for control and prevention, the high incidence in people still persists, with several factors that could be influencing the epidemiological behavior of this infection. the objective of this review is to identify these factors belonging to the biological agent, the human host and the environment, which probably have a greater importance in chile ...201628112339
genomic analysis of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a during an outbreak in cambodia, 2013-2015.in 2013, an unusual increase in the number of salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi a (salmonella paratyphi a) infections was reported in patients in phnom penh, cambodia, and in european, american and japanese travellers returning from cambodia. epidemiological investigations did not identify a common source of exposure. to analyse the population structure and genetic diversity of these salmonella paratyphi a isolates, we used whole-genome sequencing on 65 isolates collected from 1999 to 2014: ...201628348832
acidic ph sensing in the bacterial cytoplasm is required for salmonella virulence.ph regulates gene expression, biochemical activities and cellular behaviors. a mildly acidic ph activates the master virulence regulatory system phop/phoq in the facultative intracellular pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the sensor phoq harbors an extracytoplasmic domain implicated in signal sensing, and a cytoplasmic domain controlling activation of the regulator phop. we now report that, surprisingly, a decrease in salmonella's own cytoplasmic ph induces transcription of phop- ...201627282333
modeling the effect of temperature and water activity on the thermal resistance of salmonella enteritidis pt 30 in wheat flour.salmonella continues to be a problem associated with low-moisture foods, particularly given enhanced thermal resistance at lower water activity (aw). however, there is a scarcity of thermal inactivation models accounting for the effect of aw. the objective of this study was to test multiple secondary models for the effect of product (wheat flour) aw on salmonella enterica enteritidis phage type 30 thermal resistance. a full-factorial experimental design included three temperatures (75, 80, and 8 ...201628221962
characterization and antimicrobial resistance of salmonella typhimurium isolates from clinically diseased pigs in korea.this study investigated the prevalence of salmonella enterica serovar and antimicrobial resistance in salmonella typhimurium isolates from clinically diseased pigs collected from 2008 to 2014 in korea. isolates were also characterized according to the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. among 94 salmonella isolates, 81 (86.2%) were identified as being of the salmonella typhimurium serotype, followed by salmonella derby (6 of 94, 6.4%), salmon ...201628221916
[bacteremia caused by ciprofloxacin-resistant salmonella serotype kentucky: a case report and the review of literature].salmonella infections can be seen in four clinical types, namely gastroenteritis, bacteremia/sepsis, enteric fever and carriage. these infections can result in uncomplicated diarrhea in most cases, but can lead to invasive disease requiring antimicrobial therapy and can be life-threatening in elderly or immunocomprimised patients. broad-spectrum cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones are crucial options in the treatment of the invasive infections. ciprofloxacin resistance is rarely seen in non-typh ...201628124965
epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of typhoid fever in jorhat town of assam, india.typhoid fever is a global health problem and is also endemic in india. an outbreak of fever occurred in january 2014 in jorhat town in assam, india. here we report the results of an investigation done to find out the aetiology and source of the outbreak.201628256469
bacterial genotoxin functions as immune-modulator and promotes host survival.bacterial genotoxins are effectors that cause dna damage in target cells. many aspects of the biology of these toxins have been characterised in vitro, such as structure, cellular internalisation pathways and effects on the target cells. however, little is known about their function in vivo. salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) is a gram-negative, intracellular bacterium that causes typhoid fever, a debilitating disease infecting more than 20 million people every year. s. typhiproduce a ...201628357372
designing, construction and characterization of genetically encoded fret-based nanosensor for real time monitoring of lysine flux in living cells.engineering microorganisms in order to improve the metabolite flux needs a detailed knowledge of the concentrations and flux rates of metabolites and metabolic intermediates in vivo. fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) based genetically encoded nanosensors represent a promising tool for measuring the metabolite levels and corresponding rate changes in live cells. here, we report the development of a series of fret based genetically encoded nanosensor for real time measurement of lysine ...201627334743
chemical composition and biological activities of eruca vesicaria subsp. longirostris essential oils.context to date, there are no reports to validate the tunisian traditional and folklore claims of eruca vesicaria (l) cav. subsp. longirostris (brassicaceae) for the treatment of disease. objective investigation of the chemical composition antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of essential oils from eruca longirostris leaves, stems, roots and fruits. materials and methods the essential oils of e. longirostris from leaves, stems, roots and fruits were obtained after 4 h of hydrodistillation. che ...201626983675
engineering and systems-level analysis of saccharomyces cerevisiae for production of 3-hydroxypropionic acid via malonyl-coa reductase-dependent pathway.in the future, oil- and gas-derived polymers may be replaced with bio-based polymers, produced from renewable feedstocks using engineered cell factories. acrylic acid and acrylic esters with an estimated world annual production of approximately 6 million tons by 2017 can be derived from 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3hp), which can be produced by microbial fermentation. for an economically viable process 3hp must be produced at high titer, rate and yield and preferably at low ph to minimize downstrea ...201626980206
the non-fimbriate phenotype is predominant among salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis from swine and those non-fimbriate strains possess distinct amino acid variations in fimh.although most salmonella serovars are able to infect a range of animal hosts, some have acquired the ability to cause systemic infections of specific hosts. for example, salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis is primarily associated with systemic infection in swine. adherence to host epithelial cells is considered a prerequisite for initial infection, and fimbrial appendages on the outer membrane of the bacteria are implicated in this process. although type 1 fimbriae encoded by the fim gene c ...201626974320
linear antigenic mapping of flagellin (flic) from salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis with yeast surface expression system.salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) is a major cause of food-borne illness around the world and can have significant health implications in humans, poultry and other animals. flagellin (flic) is the primary component of bacterial flagella. it has been shown that the flic of s. enteritidis is a significant antigenic structure and can elicit strong humoral responses against s. enteritidis infection in chickens. here, we constructed a flic antigen library using a yeast surface ...201626854340
green synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of cibotium barometz root.green synthesis of gold (cb-aunps) and silver (cb-agnps) nanoparticles using cibotium barometz root extract was highlighted. cb-aunps were synthesized almost instantly and cb-agnps were formed after 25 min in a heated aqueous extract. the formation of cb-aunps and cb-agnps was detected at 548 and 412 nm; they were spherical with crystallite sizes of 6 nm and 23 nm, respectively. cb-agnps were further investigated for their antimicrobial activity against escherichia, staphylococcus aureus, salmon ...201627917689
heterologous pseudomonas aeruginosa o-antigen delivery using a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium weca mutant strain.there is a broad interest in adapting live vaccine strains (lvs) for use as recombinant vaccines that can deliver heterologous antigens. the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl1344 δweca lvs contains a mutation in weca that abrogates production of enterobacterial common antigen. this δweca strain is attenuated in vivo, persistently colonizes the host, and protects against both wild type and cross-salmonella serovar lethal challenge in a murine model of salmonellosis. given these character ...201627476047
a systems biology analysis unfolds the molecular pathways and networks of two proteobacteria in spaceflight and simulated microgravity conditions.bacteria are important organisms for space missions due to their increased pathogenesis in microgravity that poses risks to the health of astronauts and for projected synthetic biology applications at the space station. we understand little about the effect, at the molecular systems level, of microgravity on bacteria, despite their significant incidence. in this study, we proposed a systems biology pipeline and performed an analysis on published gene expression data sets from multiple seminal st ...201627623197
determination and analysis of the putative acacd-responsive promoters of salmonella genomic island 1.the integrative genomic island sgi1 and its variants confer multidrug resistance in numerous salmonella enterica serovariants and several proteus mirabilis and acinetobacter strains. sgi1 is mobilized by the inca/c family plasmids. the island exploits not only the conjugation apparatus of the plasmid, but also utilizes the plasmid-encoded master regulator acacd to induce the excision and formation of its transfer-competent form, which is a key step in the horizontal transfer of sgi1. triggering ...201627727307
genetic control of bacterial biofilms.nearly all bacterial species, including pathogens, have the ability to form biofilms. biofilms are defined as structured ecosystems in which microbes are attached to surfaces and embedded in a matrix composed of polysaccharides, edna, and proteins, and their development is a multistep process. bacterial biofilms constitute a large medical problem due to their extremely high resistance to various types of therapeutics, including conventional antibiotics. several environmental and genetic signals ...201626294280
comparison of disinfectant efficacy when using high-volume directed mist application of accelerated hydrogen peroxide and peroxymonosulfate disinfectants in a large animal hospital.effective decontamination of animal holding environments is critical for providing high quality patient care and maintaining a safe working environment. disinfection of animal holding environments is a significant challenge during times of epidemic disease.201626101083
[detection of salmonella choleraesuis var. kunzendorf in a fattening pig with septicaemic salmonellosis. a case report].the present case reports the detection of salmonella (s.) choleraesuis var. kunzendorf and porcine circovirus type 2 in an organic fattening pig suffering from septicaemic salmonellosis and porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome. six weeks after pigs had been housed in an organic fattening farm, an increase in mortality, diarrhea and coughing was observed. in recent years, s. choleraesuis var. kunzendorf has been frequently detected in wild boars in germany, whereas the same serovar did not ...201627808343
identification of the crp gene in avian pasteurella multocida and evaluation of the effects of crp deletion on its phenotype, virulence and immunogenicity.pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) is an important veterinary pathogen that can cause severe diseases in a wide range of mammals and birds. the global regulator crp gene has been found to regulate the virulence of some bacteria, and crp mutants have been demonstrated to be effective attenuated vaccines against salmonella enterica and yersinia enterocolitica. here, we first characterized the crp gene in p. multocida, and we report the effects of a crp deletion.201627343075
milk acidification to control the growth of mycoplasma bovis and salmonella dublin in contaminated milk.bacterial contamination of milk fed to calves compromises calf health. several bacterial pathogens that infect cows, including mycoplasma bovis and salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar dublin, are shed in milk, providing a possible route of transmission to calves. milk acidification lowers the milk ph so that it is unsuitable for bacterial growth and survival. the objectives of this study were to (1) determine the growth of m. bovis and salmonella dublin in milk, and (2) evaluate the effica ...201627692716
effect of x-ray treatments on escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, shigella flexneri, salmonella enterica and inherent microbiota on whole mangoes.the aims of this investigation were to; (i) study the effect of x-ray treatments in reducing escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica and shigella flexneri on whole mangoes, and (ii) study the effect of x-ray treatments on microflora counts (mesophilic counts, psychrotrophic counts and yeast and mould counts) of whole mangoes during storage at ambient temperature (22°c) for 30 days. a mixture of three strains of each test organism was spot inoculated (100 μl; approx. ...201626518738
rab32 restriction of intracellular bacterial pathogens.our immune system is engaged in a continuous battle against invading pathogens, many of which have evolved to survive in intracellular niches of mammalian hosts. a variety of cellular processes are involved in preventing bacterial invasion or in killing bacteria that successfully invade host cells. recently, the rab gtpase rab32 emerged as critical regulator of a host defense pathway that can eliminate bacterial pathogens. salmonella enterica is an intracellular bacterium and a major cause of in ...201627645564
inactivation kinetics of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium on fresh-cut bell pepper treated with slightly acidic electrolyzed water combined with ultrasound and mild heat.the goal of this study was to enhance the antimicrobial effect of slightly acidic electrolyzed water (saew) through addition of synergistic treatment with ultrasound (us) and mild heat treatment in order to improve the microbial safety of fresh-cut bell pepper. to evaluate the synergistic effects, the weibull model was used to mathematically measure the effectiveness of the individual and combined treatments against listeria monocytogenes and salmonella typhimurium on the pepper. the combined tr ...201626678144
use of the salmonella mgtr peptide as an antagonist of the mycobacterium mgtc virulence factor.the mgtc virulence factor has been proposed as an attractive target for antivirulence strategies because it is shared by several important bacterial pathogens, including salmonella enterica and mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb).201626849775
influence of water activity on inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes in peanut butter by microwave heating.this study evaluated the efficacy of a 915 mhz microwave with 3 different electric power levels to inactivate three pathogens in peanut butter with different aw. peanut butter inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes (0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 aw) were treated with a 915 mhz microwave with 2, 4, and 6 kw for up to 5 min. six kw 915 mhz microwave treatment for 5 min reduced these three pathogens by 1.97 to >5.17 log cfu/g. four kw 915 mh ...201627554151
antifungal and antibacterial activities of petroselinum crispum essential oil.parsley [petroselinum crispum (mill.) fuss] is regarded as an aromatic, culinary, and medicinal plant and is used in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. however, few studies with conflicting results have been conducted on the antimicrobial activity of parsley essential oil. in addition, there have been no reports of essential oil obtained from parsley aerial parts, except seeds, as an alternative natural antimicrobial agent. also, microorganism resistance is still a challenge for ...201627525894
quality attributes and microbial survival on whole cantaloupes with antimicrobial coatings containing chitosan, lauric arginate, cinnamon oil and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.cantaloupes are susceptible to microbiological contamination in pre- or postharvest environments. novel intervention strategies, such as antimicrobial coatings, are needed to improve the microbiological safety of cantaloupes. the objective of this study was to prepare whole cantaloupes coated with mixtures containing chitosan, lauric arginate (lae), cinnamon oil (co), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta) and determine survival characteristics of inoculated foodborne pathogens during storag ...201627484251
inactivation of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes in cantaloupe puree by high hydrostatic pressure with/without added ascorbic acid.the objective of this research was to evaluate and develop a method for inactivation of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes in cantaloupe puree (cp) by high hydrostatic pressure (hhp). cantaloupe being the most netted varieties of melons presents a greater risk of pathogen transmission. freshly prepared cp with or without 0.1% ascorbic acid (aa) was inoculated with a bacterial cocktail composed of a three serotype mixture of s. enterica (s. poona, s. newport h1275 and s. stanley h0558 ...201627441819
capture and concentration of viral and bacterial foodborne pathogens using apolipoprotein h.the need for improved pathogen separation and concentration methods to reduce time-to-detection for foodborne pathogens is well recognized. apolipoprotein h (apoh) is an acute phase human plasma protein that has been previously shown to interact with viruses, lipopolysaccharides (lps) and bacterial proteins. the purpose of this study was to determine if apoh was capable of binding and efficiently capturing two representative human norovirus strains (gi.1 and gii.4), a cultivable surrogate, and f ...201627439140
transfer of pathogens from cantaloupe rind to preparation surfaces and edible tissue as a function of cutting method.whole and cut cantaloupes have been implicated as vehicles in foodborne illness outbreaks of norovirus, salmonellosis, and listeriosis. preparation methods that minimize pathogen transfer from external surfaces to the edible tissue are needed. two preparation methods were compared for the transfer of listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2, murine norovirus, and tulane virus from inoculated cantaloupe rinds to edible tissue and preparation surfaces. for the first meth ...201627296423
antimicrobial properties of microemulsions formulated with essential oils, soybean oil, and tween 80.it was previously found that blending soybean oil with cinnamon bark oil (cbo), eugenol or thyme oil, tween 80, and equal masses of water and propylene glycol could be used to prepare microemulsions. in the present study, the objective was to determine the antimicrobial activity of the microemulsions in tryptic soy broth (tsb) and 2% reduced fat milk. in tsb, the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of cbo solubilized in microemulsions was up to 625 ppm against cocktails of listeria monocytoge ...201627016636
the impact of a cold chain break on the survival of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes on minimally processed 'conference' pears during their shelf life.in recent years, improved detection methods and increased fresh-cut processing of produce have led to an increased number of outbreaks associated with fresh fruits and vegetables. during fruit and vegetable processing, natural protective barriers are removed and tissues are cut, causing nutrient rich exudates and providing attachment sites for microbes. consequently, fresh-cut produce is more susceptible to microbial proliferation than whole produce.201627813092
effectiveness of washing procedures in reducing salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes on a raw leafy green vegetable (eruca vesicaria).vegetables are an important source of nutrients, but they can host a large microbial population, particularly bacteria. foodborne pathogens can contaminate raw vegetables at any stage of their production process with a potential for human infection. appropriate washing can mitigate the risk of foodborne illness consequent to vegetable consumption by reducing pathogen levels, but few data are available to assess the efficacy of different practices. in the present work, six different washing metho ...201627812356
natural antimicrobials and high-pressure treatments on the inactivation of salmonella enteritidis and escherichia coli o157:h7 in cold-smoked salmon.high hydrostatic pressure (hhp) combined with reuterin and lactoperoxidase system (lps) has exerted antimicrobial activity against listeria monocytogenes in cold-smoked salmon at chilled temperatures. therefore the purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of hhp combined with reuterin, lps and lactoferrin (lf) on the survival of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis and escherichia coli o157:h7 in cold-smoked salmon stored at 4 and 10 °c.201626268416
intestinal microbes influence the survival, reproduction and protein profile of trichinella spiralis in vitro.the interactions between intestinal microbes and parasitic worms play an essential role in the development of the host immune system. however, the effects of gut microbes on trichinella spiralis are unknown. the aim of this work was to explore microbe-induced alterations in the survival and reproduction of t. spiralis in vitro. to further identify the proteins and genes involved in the response of nematodes to microbes, quantitative proteomic analysis of t. spiralis was conducted by itraq-couple ...201626432293
leucine-684: a conserved residue of an amp-acetyl coa synthetase (acecs) from leishmania donovani is involved in substrate recognition, catalysis and acetylation.amp-acetyl coa synthetase (amp-acecs) is a key enzyme which catalyzes the activation of acetate to acetyl coa, an important intermediate at the cross roads of various anabolic and catabolic pathways. multiple sequence alignment of leishmania donovani acecs with other organisms revealed the presence of a highly conserved leucine residue at 684 position which is known to be crucial for acetylation by protein acetyl transferases in other organisms. in an attempt to understand the role of leucine re ...201626794803
fermented milk with probiotic lactobacillus rhamnosus s1k3 (mtcc5957) protects mice from salmonella by enhancing immune and nonimmune protection mechanisms at intestinal mucosal level.we investigated the mechanism by which an indian indigenous probiotic culture, lactobacillus rhamnosus s1k3, could overcome the pathogenic strain salmonella enterica with an emphasis on the response at the intestinal mucosal level after long-term (30days) consumption. s1k3 was able to produce antimicrobial compounds against the pathogens. the probiotic adhered strongly to intestinal epithelium and maintained its integrity in presence of salmonella through stimulation of tight junction and antimi ...201627012622
isolation, identification, and evaluation of novel probiotic strains isolated from feces of breast-fed infants.to isolate, identify, and evaluate the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from the feces of breast-fed infants.201626817236
ngmaster:in silico multi-antigen sequence typing for neisseria gonorrhoeae.whole-genome sequencing (wgs) provides the highest resolution analysis for comparison of bacterial isolates in public health microbiology. however, although increasingly being used routinely for some pathogens such as listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enterica, the use of wgs is still limited for other organisms, such as neisseria gonorrhoeae. multi-antigen sequence typing (ng-mast) is the most widely performed typing method for epidemiological surveillance of gonorrhoea. here, we present ng ...201628348871
an evaluation of alternatives to nitrites and sulfites to inhibit the growth of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes in meat products.in recent years, the use of nitrites and sulfites as food preservatives has been a cause for concern due to the health problems that these additives can cause in humans. natural products have been studied as an alternative, but most of them have hardly been applied in the food industry for technological and economic reasons. in this sense, organic salts such as sodium acetate are a good alternative due to their affordability. thus, this study evaluated the capacity of sodium nitrite, sodium sulf ...201628231169
effect of temperature and nutrient concentration on survival of foodborne pathogens in deciduous fruit processing environments for effective hygiene management.temperature and good sanitation practices are important factors for controlling growth of microorganisms. fresh produce is stored at various temperatures to ensure quality and to prolong shelf life. when foodborne pathogens survive and grow on fresh produce at storage temperatures, then additional control strategies are needed to inactivate these pathogens. the aim of this study was to determine how temperatures associated with deciduous fruit processing and storage facilities (0.5, 4, and 21°c) ...201628221909
complete nucleotide sequence of ph11, an inchi2 plasmid conferring multi-antibiotic resistance and multi-heavy metal resistance genes in a clinical klebsiella pneumoniae isolate.the complete 284,628bp sequence of ph11, an inchi2 plasmid, was determined through single-molecule, real-time (smrt) sequencing. harbored by a clinical klebsiella pneumoniae strain h11, and isolated in beijing, this plasmid contains multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including cata2, aac(6')-ib, strb, stra, dfra19, blatem-1, blashv-12, sul1, qace delta 1, erea, arr2, and aac3. the aac(6')-ib is carried by a class i integron. plasmid ph11 also carries several genes associated with resistance t ...201627101788
clinical predictors of the leading pathogens in human immunodeficiency virus-infected adults with community-onset bacteremia in the emergency department: the importance of transmission routes.to investigate the clinical characteristics and pathogens of community-onset bacteremia among human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected adults as well as to establish the clinical predictors of the major microorganisms.201628082067
genomic analysis of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium characterizes strain diversity for recent u.s. salmonellosis cases and identifies mutations linked to loss of fitness under nitrosative and oxidative stress.salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is one of the most common s. enterica serovars associated with u.s. foodborne outbreaks. s. typhimurium bacteria isolated from humans exhibit wide-ranging virulence phenotypes in inbred mice, leading to speculation that some strains are more virulent in nature. however, it is unclear whether increased virulence in humans is related to organism characteristics or initial treatment failure due to antibiotic resistance. strain diversity and genetic factors co ...201626956590
antibacterial and antiviral effectiveness of two household water treatment devices that use monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene.many different household water treatment (hwt) methods have been researched and promoted to mitigate the serious burden of diarrheal disease in developing countries. however, hwt methods using bromine have not been extensively evaluated. two gravity-fed hwt devices (aquasure™ and waterbird™) were used to test the antimicrobial effectiveness of halopure(®) br beads (monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene) that deliver bromine. as water flows over the beads, reactive bromine species are eluted ...201627959873
prophylactic administration of vector-encoded porcine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor reduces salmonella shedding, tonsil colonization, and microbiota alterations of the gastrointestinal tract in salmonella-challenged swine.salmonella colonization of food animals is a concern for animal health and public health as a food safety risk. various obstacles impede the effort to reduce asymptomatic salmonella carriage in food animals, including the existence of numerous serovars and the ubiquitous nature of salmonella. to develop an intervention strategy that is non-specific yet effective against diverse salmonella serovars, we explored the prophylactic use of a cytokine to decrease salmonella in swine by boosting the hos ...201627610361
stall no more at polyproline stretches with the translation elongation factors ef-p and if-5a.synthesis of polyproline proteins leads to translation arrest. to overcome this ribosome stalling effect, bacteria depend on a specialized translation elongation factor p (ef-p), being orthologous and functionally identical to eukaryotic/archaeal elongation factor e/aif-5a (recently renamed 'ef5'). ef-p binds to the stalled ribosome between the peptidyl-trna binding and trna-exiting sites, and stimulates peptidyl-transferase activity, thus allowing translation to resume. in their active form, bo ...201626416626
molecular detection of legionella spp. and their associations with mycobacterium spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa and amoeba hosts in a drinking water distribution system.this study investigated waterborne opportunistic pathogens (ops) including potential hosts, and evaluated the use of legionella spp. for indicating microbial water quality for ops within a full-scale operating drinking water distribution system (dwds).201626535924
what's on the outside matters: the role of the extracellular polymeric substance of gram-negative biofilms in evading host immunity and as a target for therapeutic intervention.biofilms are organized multicellular communities encased in an extracellular polymeric substance (eps). biofilm-resident bacteria resist immunity and antimicrobials. the eps provides structural stability and presents a barrier; however, a complete understanding of how eps structure relates to biological function is lacking. this review focuses on the eps of three gram-negative pathogens: pseudomonas aeruginosa, nontypeable haemophilus influenzae, and salmonella enterica serovar typhi/typhimurium ...201627129225
regulation of rac1 and reactive oxygen species production in response to infection of gastrointestinal epithelia.generation of reactive oxygen species (ros) during infection is an immediate host defense leading to microbial killing. ape1 is a multifunctional protein induced by ros and after induction, protects against ros-mediated dna damage. rac1 and napdh oxidase (nox1) are important contributors of ros generation following infection and associated with gastrointestinal epithelial injury. the purpose of this study was to determine if ape1 regulates the function of rac1 and nox1 during oxidative stress. g ...201626761793
at the crossroads: communication of bacteria-containing vacuoles with host organelles.invasive bacterial pathogens are engulfed upon host cell entry in a vacuolar environment called the bacteria-containing vacuole (bcv). bcvs directly contact with numerous host compartments, mainly vesicles of the endocytic pathway, such as endosomes or lysosomes. in addition, they also interact with the endoplasmic reticulum and endomembranes of the secretory pathway. these connections between the pathogen and the host occur either through heterotypic membrane fusions or through membrane contact ...201626762760
temperate phages promote colicin-dependent fitness of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.bacteria employ bacteriocins for interference competition in microbial ecosystems. colicin ib (colib), a pore-forming bacteriocin, confers a significant fitness benefit to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. tm) in competition against commensal escherichia coli in the gut. colib is released from s. tm into the environment, where it kills susceptible competitors. however, colicin-specific release proteins, as they are known for other colicins, have not been identified in case of colib. th ...201626439675
lytic action of the truncated ynce gene in escherichia coli.we recently found lytic action of the truncated ynce gene. when the truncated ynce gene of salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi a was expressed in escherichia coli dh5α under the control of the ara promoter, bacterial growth was markedly inhibited. in the present study, we characterized this lytic action. the n-terminal 103 aa of ynce, containing a signal peptide, was demonstrated to be essential for inhibition. microscopic observation showed that the bacterial envelope of e. coli was damaged b ...201626687463
the occurrence of salmonella in raw and ready-to-eat bean sprouts and sprouted seeds on retail sale in england and northern ireland.a total of 554 samples of bean sprouts or other sprouted seeds were collected at retail sale and submitted to nine official control laboratories in england and northern ireland during january to march 2011. samples (100 g) were tested for the presence of salmonella using the en iso 6579:2002 method. products labelled as ready-to-eat comprised 23% of the samples and 61% were labelled as raw or to-cook: the remaining 12% had no indication if the food was intended as ready-to-eat or ready-to-cook, ...201626661563
the effectors and sensory sites of formaldehyde-responsive regulator frmr and metal-sensing variant.the duf156 family of dna-binding transcriptional regulators includes metal sensors that respond to cobalt and/or nickel (rcnr, inrs) or copper (csor) plus cstr, which responds to persulfide, and formaldehyde-responsive frmr. unexpectedly, the allosteric mechanism of frmr from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is triggered by metals in vitro, and variant frmr(e64h) gains responsiveness to zn(ii) and cobalt in vivo here we establish that the allosteric mechanism of frmr is triggered directly ...201627474740
encapsulation of multiple cargo proteins within recombinant eut nanocompartments.spatial organization via encapsulation of enzymes within recombinant nanocompartments may increase efficiency in multienzyme cascades. previously, we reported the encapsulation of single cargo proteins within nanocompartments in the heterologous host escherichia coli. this was achieved by coexpression of the salmonella enterica lt2 ethanolamine utilization bacterial microcompartment shell proteins euts or eutsmnlk, with a signal sequence eutc1-19 cargo protein fusion. optimization of this system ...201627450681
transcription factor decr (ybao) controls detoxification of l-cysteine in escherichia coli.ybao is an uncharacterized asnc-family transcription factor of escherichia coli. in both salmonella enterica and pantoea ananatis, ybao homologues were identified to regulate the adjacent gene encoding cysteine desulfhydrase for detoxification of cysteine. using the genomic selex (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) screening system, we identified the yhaom operon, located far from the ybao gene on the e. coli genome, as a single regulatory target of ybao. in both gel shif ...201627435271
duplex identification of staphylococcus aureus by aptamer and gold nanoparticles.staphylococcus aureus is the top common pathogen causing infections and food poisoning. identification of s. aureus is crucial for the disease diagnosis and regulation of food hygiene. herein, we report an aptamer-aunps based method for duplex identification of s. aureus. using aunps as an indicator, sa23, an aptamer against s. aureus, can well identify its target from escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes and pseudomonas aeruginosa. furthermore, we find citrate-coated aunps can strongly bind ...201627427591
the enterobacterial genotoxins: cytolethal distending toxin and colibactin.while the dna damage induced by ionizing radiation and by many chemical compounds and drugs is well characterized, the genotoxic insults inflicted by bacteria are only scarcely documented. however, accumulating evidence indicates that we are exposed to bacterial genotoxins. the prototypes of such bacterial genotoxins are the cytolethal distending toxins (cdts) produced by escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhi. cdts display the dnase structure fold and activity, and induce dna st ...201627419387
a novel covalent approach to bio-conjugate silver coated single walled carbon nanotubes with antimicrobial peptide.due to increasing antibiotic resistance, the use of silver coated single walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts-ag) and antimicrobial peptides (aps) is becoming popular due to their antimicrobial properties against a wide range of pathogens. however, stability against various conditions and toxicity in human cells are some of the major drawbacks of aps and swcnts-ag, respectively. therefore, we hypothesized that aps-functionalized swcnts-ag could act synergistically. various covalent functionalization ...201627412259
label-free mapping of single bacterial cells using surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy.here we presented a simple, rapid and label-free surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers) based mapping method for the detection and discrimination of salmonella enterica and escherichia coli on silver dendrites. the sample preparation was first optimized to maximize sensitivity. the mapping method was then used to scan through the bacterial cells adsorbed on the surface of silver dendrites. the intrinsic and distinct sers signals of bacterial cells were used as the basis for label-free detect ...201626750611
prevalence and characteristics of salmonella serotypes isolated from fresh produce marketed in the united states.salmonella continues to rank as one of the most costly foodborne pathogens, and more illnesses are now associated with the consumption of fresh produce. the u.s. department of agriculture microbiological data program (mdp) sampled select commodities of fresh fruit and vegetables and tested them for salmonella, pathogenic escherichia coli, and listeria. the salmonella strains isolated were further characterized by serotype, antimicrobial resistance, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile. t ...201626735024
an unexpected route to an essential cofactor: escherichia coli relies on threonine for thiamine biosynthesis.metabolism consists of biochemical reactions that are combined to generate a robust metabolic network that can respond to perturbations and also adapt to changing environmental conditions. escherichia coli and salmonella enterica are closely related enterobacteria that share metabolic components, pathway structures, and regulatory strategies. the synthesis of thiamine in s. enterica has been used to define a node of the metabolic network by analyzing alternative inputs to thiamine synthesis from ...201626733068
electrochemical genosensing of salmonella, listeria and escherichia coli on silica magnetic particles.a magneto-genosensing approach for the detection of the three most common pathogenic bacteria in food safety, such as salmonella, listeria and escherichia coli is presented. the methodology is based on the detection of the tagged amplified dna obtained by single-tagging pcr with a set of specific primers for each pathogen, followed by electrochemical magneto-genosensing on silica magnetic particles. a set of primers were selected for the amplification of the inva (278 bp), prfa (217 bp) and eaea ...201626724759
diversity and antagonistic potential of marine microbes collected from south-west coast of india.the diversity of some of the culturable microorganisms associated with marine flora and fauna collected off vizhinjam and mulloor coast of south india was evaluated and their bioactive production potential determined. from a total of 24 bacteria, 4 actinomycetes and 8 fungi isolated from diverse marine sources, five bacterial species-blm3, bsp2, bcs1, bcs4 and bma6 showed inhibitory activity against at least one of the tested pathogens viz., klebsiella pneumonia ku1, pseudomonas aeruginosa vl3, ...201628330077
the global regulatory system csr senses glucose through the phosphoenolpyruvate: carbohydrate phosphotransferase system.a novel connection between two regulatory systems controlling crucial biological processes in bacteria, the carbon storage regulator (csr) system and the glucose-specific phosphotransferase system (pts), is reported by leng et al. in this issue. this involves the interaction of unphosphorylated eiia(glc), a component of the glucose-specific pts, with the csrd protein, which accelerates the decay of the csrb and csrc small rnas via rnase e in escherichia coli. as unphosphorylated eiia(g) (lc) is ...201626593223
modulation of the interaction of enteric bacteria with intestinal mucosa by stress-related catecholamines.stress associated with parturition, transport or mixing has long been correlated with enhanced faecal excretion of diarrhoeal zoonotic pathogens in animals such as salmonella enterica and escherichia coli. it may also predispose humans to infection and/or be associated with more severe outcomes. one possible explanation for this phenomenon is the ability of enteric bacterial pathogens to sense and respond to host stress-related catecholamines. this article reviews evidence of the ability of cate ...201626589217
characterization of the novel t4-like salmonella enterica bacteriophage stp4-a and its endolysin.while screening for new antimicrobial agents for multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica, the novel lytic bacteriophage stp4-a was isolated and characterized. phage morphology revealed that stp4-a belongs to the family myoviridae. bacterial challenge assays showed that different serovars of salmonella enterica were susceptible to stp4-a infection. the genomic characteristics of stp4-a, containing 159,914 bp of dsdna with an average gc content of 36.86 %, were determined. furthermore, the endolys ...201626563319
plasma nanotextured polymeric lab-on-a-chip for highly efficient bacteria capture and lysis.we describe the design, fabrication, and successful demonstration of a sample preparation module comprising bacteria cell capture and thermal lysis on-chip with potential applications in food sample pathogen analysis. plasma nanotexturing of the polymeric substrate allows increase of the surface area of the chip and the antibody binding capacity. three different anti-salmonella antibodies were directly and covalently linked to plasma treated chips without any additional linker chemistry or other ...201626556673
a microbiological assay to estimate the antimicrobial activity of parenteral tildipirosin against foodborne pathogens and commensals in the colon of beef cattle and pigs.tildipirosin (tip) is a novel 16-membered-ring macrolide authorized for the treatment of bovine and swine respiratory disease. the ph dependency of macrolide antimicrobial activity is well known. considering that the ph in the colon contents of growing beef cattle and pigs is usually below ph 7.0, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of tip against foodborne bacterial pathogens such as campylobacter (c.) coli, c. jejuni and salmonella enterica and commensal species including enterococcus ...201626538405
lactobacillus plantarum lb95 impairs the virulence potential of gram-positive and gram-negative food-borne pathogens in ht-29 and vero cell cultures.listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica and verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) are amongst the most important agents responsible for food outbreaks occurring worldwide. in this work, two lactobacillus spp. strains (labs), lactobacillus plantarum (lb95) and lactobacillus paraplantarum (lb13), previously isolated from spontaneously fermenting olive brines, and two reference probiotic strains, lactobacillus casei shirota and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, were investigated for their ability ...201626506821
shotgun analysis of rough-type lipopolysaccharides using ultraviolet photodissociation mass spectrometry.detailed structural characterization of intact rough-type lipopolysaccharides (r-lps) was accomplished using a multi-stage mass spectrometry (ms(3)) strategy consisting of collision-induced dissociation (cid) followed by 193 ultraviolet photodissociation (uvpd) implemented on an orbitrap fusion mass spectrometer. complex mixtures of r-lps from either escherichia coli or salmonella enterica were directly infused into the mass spectrometer using static source nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoesi). ...201626616388
establishment and application of a visual dna microarray for the detection of food-borne pathogens.the accurate detection and identification of food-borne pathogenic microorganisms is critical for food safety nowadays. in the present work, a visual dna microarray was established and applied to detect pathogens commonly found in food, including salmonella enterica, shigella flexneri, e. coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes in food samples. multiplex pcr (mpcr) was employed to simultaneously amplify specific gene fragments, fimy for salmonella, ipah for shigella, iap for l. monocytogenes and ...201626860568
monitoring the live to dead transition of bacteria during thermal stress by a multi-method approach.rapid microbiological methods to assess cell physiological properties of microorganisms are gaining interest in the elucidation of the effect of antimicrobial agents or physical inactivation. fluorescent probes combined with flow cytometry or microplate assays provide information about cellular targets of chemical or physical stressors and help to clarify the underlying mode of action. in this work we exemplarily monitored the bacterial response of listeria innocua, staphylococcus aureus, salmon ...201626860058
expression of iron, the salmochelin siderophore receptor, requires mrna activation by ryhb small rna homologues.the iron gene of salmonella enterica and uropathogenic escherichia coli encodes the outer membrane receptor of fe(3+) -bound salmochelin, a siderophore tailored to evade capture by the host's immune system. the iron gene is under negative control of the fur repressor and transcribed under iron limiting conditions. we show here that transcriptional de-repression is not sufficient to allow iron expression, as this also requires activation by either of two partially homologous small rnas (srnas), r ...201626710935
a novel peptidoglycan d,l-endopeptidase induced by salmonella inside eukaryotic cells contributes to virulence.bacteria remodel peptidoglycan structure in response to environmental changes. many enzymes are involved in peptidoglycan metabolism; however, little is known about their responsiveness in a defined environment or the modes they assist bacteria to adapt to new niches. here, we focused in peptidoglycan enzymes that intracellular bacterial pathogens use inside eukaryotic cells. we identified a peptidoglycan enzyme induced by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in fibroblasts and epithelial cel ...201626462856
Refresh
firstprev
...11121314151617181920...
nextlast
Displaying items 1001 - 1100 of 11731