Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| who policy development processes for a new vaccine: case study of malaria vaccines. | recommendations from the world health organization (who) are crucial to inform developing country decisions to use, or not, a new intervention. this article analysed the who policy development process to predict its course for a malaria vaccine. | 2010 | 20576114 |
| cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination as part of the national immunization program for thai children. | rotavirus infection is a common cause of gastroenteritis in infants and thus, presents an economic burden. currently, there are effective vaccines against rotavirus licensed for use in thailand. we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of rotavirus vaccination as part of the national immunization program for thai children based on information derived from studies of disease burden of rotavirus infection, vaccine effectiveness, expenditure for care according to the who choice; average gnp per capita p ... | 2010 | 20578490 |
| molecular characterization of human group a rotavirus from stool samples in young children with diarrhea in indonesia. | detection and genotyping of group a rotavirus strains from stool samples in young children with diarrhea in indonesia were examined using reverse transcription-nested multiplex pcr. of 421 stool specimens, 257 samples was rotavirus positive. g1 type was the most common g-type (54%), followed by g2 (6%) and g9 (3%). p[8] was the most common p-type (39%), followed by p[6] (19%), p[4] (10%) and p[11] 1%. eighteen percent of the samples had mixed g genotype infection and 5% had mixed p genotype infe ... | 2010 | 20578517 |
| complete genome sequence analysis of candidate human rotavirus vaccine strains rv3 and 116e. | rotaviruses (rvs) cause severe gastroenteritis in infants and young children; yet, several strains have been isolated from newborns showing no signs of clinical illness. two of these neonatal strains, rv3 (g3p[6]) and 116e (g9p[11]), are currently being developed as live-attenuated vaccines. in this study, we sequenced the eleven-segmented double-stranded rna genomes of cell culture-adapted rv3 and 116e and compared their genes and protein products to those of other rvs. using amino acid alignme ... | 2010 | 20580391 |
| prospective characterization of norovirus compared with rotavirus acute diarrhea episodes in chilean children. | rotavirus and more recently noroviruses are recognized as main causes of moderate to severe acute diarrhea episodes (ade) in children < or =5 years of age. comparing epidemiologic and clinical features of norovirus to rotavirus ade will aid in the decision-making process required to develop norovirus vaccines. | 2010 | 20581736 |
| infection status of hospitalized diarrheal patients with gastrointestinal protozoa, bacteria, and viruses in the republic of korea. | to understand protozoan, viral, and bacterial infections in diarrheal patients, we analyzed positivity and mixed-infection status with 3 protozoans, 4 viruses, and 10 bacteria in hospitalized diarrheal patients during 2004-2006 in the republic of korea. a total of 76,652 stool samples were collected from 96 hospitals across the nation. the positivity for protozoa, viruses, and bacteria was 129, 1,759, and 1,797 per 10,000 persons, respectively. especially, cryptosporidium parvum was highly mixed ... | 2010 | 20585526 |
| reduction in gastroenteritis with the use of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in a primary practice. | pentavalent rotavirus (rv) vaccine (rv5) was licensed in 2006 and recommended for routine childhood immunization. a significant decrease in the number of rv hospitalizations has been described. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of rv5 on acute gastroenteritis (age) seen in a primary practice. | 2010 | 20587671 |
| influence of zinc supplementation in acute diarrhea differs by the isolated organism. | zinc supplementation is recommended in all acute diarrheas in children from developing countries. we aimed to assess whether zinc supplementation would be equally effective against all the common organisms associated with acute diarrheas. we used data on 801 children with acute diarrhea recruited in a randomized, double blind controlled trial (isrctn85071383) of zinc and copper supplementation. using prespecified subgroup analyses, multidimensionality reduction analyses, tests of heterogeneity, ... | 2010 | 20592753 |
| rotavirus infections and vaccines: burden of illness and potential impact of vaccination. | rotaviruses are the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis in children. by 5 years of age virtually every child worldwide will have experienced at least one rotavirus infection. this leads to an enormous disease burden, where every minute a child dies because of rotavirus infection and another four are hospitalized, at an annual societal cost in 2007 of $us2 billion. most of the annual 527 000 deaths are in malnourished infants living in rural regions of low and middle income countries. in ... | 2010 | 20593908 |
| rotavirus vaccine could save millions of children worldwide. | 2010 | 20595806 | |
| pectic polysaccharides from panax ginseng as the antirotavirus principals in ginseng. | to evaluate the antidiarrheal effect of ginseng, the active principals of ginseng were studied in vitro model of rotavirus infection, the leading cause of severe diarrhea. two pectic polysaccharides, named as gp50-dhr (56.0 kda) and gp50-ehr (77.0 kda), were purified from hot water extract of ginseng by bioassay-linked fractionation. both polysaccharides rescued cell viability from rotavirus infection dose-dependently (ic50 are 15 and 10 microg/ml, respectively). both polysaccharides had common ... | 2010 | 20597500 |
| ab initio high-resolution single-particle 3d reconstructions: the symmetry adapted functions way. | a protocol to attain high-resolution single-particle reconstructions is presented. the protocol is the concatenation of two procedures: one to obtain an ab initio low-resolution reconstruction, the other to determine a fixed point of the consecutive applications of fast projection matching and 3d reconstruction. it is a reciprocal space formulation where the fourier coefficients of the 3d scattering density are expressed in terms of symmetry adapted functions and the 2d particle images are repre ... | 2010 | 20599509 |
| separation of rotavirus double-layered particles and triple-layered particles by capillary zone electrophoresis. | cell culture derived rotavirus preparations contain a mixture of double-layered particles (dlps) and triple-layered particles (tlps). characterization of rotavirus vaccine products is important to demonstrate a consistent manufacturing process. a capillary zone electrophoresis (cze) method was developed to separate and quantitate rotavirus dlps and tlps in cell lysate samples and cscl-purified vaccine preparations of each of the five reassortant rotavirus vaccine strains (g1, g2, g3, g4 and p1) ... | 2010 | 20599561 |
| effects of qwbzp on t-cell subsets and their cytokines in intestinal mucosa of hrv infection suckling mice. | qiwei baizhu powder (qwbzp) is a traditional herbal prescription that has been used traditionally for the treatment of infantile diarrhea, including the infantile diarrhea caused by human rotavirus (hrv). in this study, we investigated the pharmacological activity of qwbzp extract. | 2010 | 20600774 |
| a graphene oxide based immuno-biosensor for pathogen detection. | 2010 | 20602383 | |
| molecular characterization of rotaviruses in a japanese raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides) and a masked palm civet (paguma larvata) in japan. | group a rotaviruses infect and cause diarrhea in humans and a wide range of mammals. previous studies have suggested that some strains can cross the species barrier to infect humans (martella et al., 2010). however, there are few reports on infection and characterization of rotaviruses in wild animals. to estimate what types of rotaviruses infect wild animals, we investigated infection of rotaviruses in wild animals living in urban areas in japan between 2003 and 2008. of 145 fecal specimens obt ... | 2010 | 20605380 |
| fda: benefits of rotavirus vaccination outweigh potential contamination risk. | 2010 | 20606142 | |
| rotavirus genotypes in costa rica, nicaragua, honduras and the dominican republic. | in this study, 574 stool samples from children with gastroenteritis were obtained from different hospitals in costa rica, honduras, nicaragua and the dominican republic during 2005-2006. diarrhea stool samples were analyzed for rotavirus by elisa and typed by the rt-pcr-based method. unusual strains were detected: g1p6, g2p8, g3p6, g9p4 and mixed infections. recent studies have indicated that unusual human rotavirus strains are emerging as global strains, which has important implications for eff ... | 2010 | 20606460 |
| comparative efficacy of immunological, molecular and culture assays for detection of group a rotavirus from faecal samples of buffalo (bubalus bubalis) calves. | group a rotaviruses play an important role in causing gastroenteritis and mortality in buffalo (bubalus bubalis) calves. a number of assays like rna-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (rna-page), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and virus isolation have been employed for rotavirus diagnosis. we evaluated the comparative efficacy of different assays for detection of group a rotavirus in buffalo calves. a total of 455 faecal sample ... | 2010 | 20607400 |
| progress and barriers for the control of diarrhoeal disease. | discovery of intestinal sodium-glucose transport was the basis for development of oral rehydration solution, and was hailed as potentially the most important medical advance of the 20th century. before widespread use of oral rehydration solution, treatment for diarrhoea was restricted to intravenous fluid replacement, for which patients had to go to a health-care facility to access appropriate equipment. these facilities were usually neither available nor reasonable to use in the resource-poor s ... | 2010 | 20609988 |
| [rotavirus and seizures. a well-defined uncommon association]. | rotavirus infection, besides gastrointestinal symptoms, may cause several neurological complications. among these, are benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (cwg). despite having well defined clinical features, its incidence is not well known. | 2010 | 20615771 |
| breastfeeding protects against acute gastroenteritis due to rotavirus in infants. | to assess whether breastfeeding protects against acute gastroenteritis (age) due to rotavirus (rv) infection compared to rv-negative age (rv-) in children age 0-12 months. data from a community-based study of children with age from 30 pediatric practices in germany, switzerland, and austria were evaluated. a case-control design was conducted with rv-positive age (rv+) cases and rv- age as controls. odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated using log-linear regression models adjusti ... | 2010 | 20617343 |
| valuing the subsurface pathogen treatment barrier in water recycling via aquifers for drinking supplies. | a quantitative microbial risk assessment (qmra) was performed at four managed aquifer recharge (mar) sites (australia, south africa, belgium, mexico) where reclaimed wastewater and stormwater is recycled via aquifers for drinking water supplies, using the same risk-based approach that is used for public water supplies. for each of the sites, the aquifer treatment barrier was assessed for its log(10) removal capacity much like for other water treatment technologies. this information was then inte ... | 2010 | 20042212 |
| molecular characterization of group a human rotavirus among hospitalized children and adults in bangladesh: finding of emerging g12 strain. | between july 2004 and june 2006, a total of 1438 fecal samples were collected from hospitalized children and adults with diarrhea at an infectious disease hospital (sk hospital) in mymensingh, bangladesh. the diversity of rotavirus strains were investigated using electropherotyping and reverse transcription-pcr amplification of the vp7 and vp4 genes. group a rotavirus was detected in 171 of 1438(11.9%) specimens: 13.3%(72/543) from children 6 months to </=15 years of age and 11.0%(99/895) from i ... | 2010 | 20046166 |
| effectiveness of monovalent rotavirus vaccine (rotarix) against severe diarrhea caused by serotypically unrelated g2p[4] strains in brazil. | background. in a latin american trial, a monovalent g1p[8] rotavirus vaccine showed high efficacy against severe rotavirus diarrhea. protection was lower against serotypically unrelated g2p[4] strains, which circulated infrequently. this case-control study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of this monovalent g1p[8] rotavirus vaccine against g2p[4] strains in brazil. methods. case patients were children with severe g2p[4] rotavirus diarrhea who presented at a hospital in recife, brazil, ... | 2010 | 20047501 |
| immune thrombocytopenic purpura in a 5-month-old female with rotavirus infection. | 2010 | 20054872 | |
| rotavirus infection activates dendritic cells from peyer's patches in adult mice. | this study used an in vivo mouse model to analyze the response of dendritic cells (dcs) in peyer's patches (pps) within the first 48 h of infection with the wild-type murine rotavirus edim (edim(wt)). after the infection, the absolute number of dcs was increased by 2-fold in the pps without a modification of their relative percentage of the total cell number. also, the dcs from pps of infected mice showed a time-dependent migration to the subepithelial dome (sed) and an increase of the surface a ... | 2010 | 20007263 |
| a rotavirus spike protein conformational intermediate binds lipid bilayers. | during rotavirus entry, a virion penetrates a host cell membrane, sheds its outer capsid proteins, and releases a transcriptionally active subviral particle into the cytoplasm. vp5, the rotavirus protein believed to interact with the membrane bilayer, is a tryptic cleavage product of the outer capsid spike protein, vp4. when a rotavirus particle uncoats, vp5 folds back, in a rearrangement that resembles the fusogenic conformational changes in enveloped-virus fusion proteins. we present direct ex ... | 2010 | 20007281 |
| molecular characterization of human rotavirus vaccine strain cdc-9 during sequential passages in vero cells. | we have developed several candidate human rotavirus vaccine strains with common serotypes via adaptation in vero cells, adhering to the good laboratory practice (glp) guidelines. we sequenced the entire genome of a g1p[8] strain cdc-9 in original stool and passaged materials from vero cells and examined its genetic relatedness to the prototype human rotavirus ku and other strains. with the exception of vp3 gene which was closely related to that of strain ds-1, the culture-adapted cdc-9 strain sh ... | 2010 | 20009519 |
| rotavirus disease burden, nicaragua 2001-2005: defining the potential impact of a rotavirus vaccination program. | in october 2006, a rotavirus vaccine was introduced in nicaragua for routine immunization of all children. we document the baseline diarrheal disease burden in nicaragua prior to the vaccine program to facilitate future studies to measure vaccine impact. | 2010 | 20022778 |
| a mathematical model of the indirect effects of rotavirus vaccination. | rotavirus (rv) infections progressively confer natural immunity against subsequent infection. similarly to natural infection, vaccination with a live attenuated vaccine potentially reduces rv transmission and induces herd protection. a mathematical transmission model was developed to project the impact of a vaccination programme on the incidence of rv infection and disease for five countries in the european union. with vaccination coverage rates of 70%, 90% and 95% the model predicted that, in a ... | 2010 | 20028612 |
| healthcare-associated viral gastroenteritis among children in a large pediatric hospital, united kingdom. | viruses are the major pathogens of community-acquired (ca) acute gastroenteritis (age) in children, but their role in healthcare-associated (ha) age is poorly understood. children with age hospitalized at alder hey children's hospital, liverpool, uk, were enrolled over a 2-year period. age was classified as ha if diarrhea developed > or =48 hours after admission. rotavirus, norovirus, adenovirus 40/41, astrovirus, and sapovirus were detected by pcr. a total of 225 children with ha-age and 351 wi ... | 2010 | 20031043 |
| identification of a rotavirus g12 strain, indonesia. | 2010 | 20031072 | |
| sequestration of free tubulin molecules by the viral protein nsp2 induces microtubule depolymerization during rotavirus infection. | microtubules, components of the cell cytoskeleton, play a central role in cellular trafficking. here we show that rotavirus infection leads to a remodeling of the microtubule network together with the formation of tubulin granules. while most microtubules surrounding the nucleus depolymerize, others appear packed at the cell periphery. in microtubule depolymerization areas, tubulin granules are observed; they colocalize with viroplasms, viral compartments formed by interactions between rotavirus ... | 2010 | 20032187 |
| kawasaki disease patients with redness or crust formation at the bacille calmette-guérin inoculation site. | a specific diagnostic test for kawasaki disease (kd) is currently unavailable. redness or crust formation at the bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) inoculation site is listed as a positive sign in the diagnostic guidelines of kd. the purpose of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic features of kd patients with such changes at the bcg inoculation site and to evaluate the specificity of this sign in kd diagnosis. | 2010 | 20032807 |
| effect of warming moxibustion on shenque acupoint for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children with infantile cerebral palsy. | to observe the effect of warming moxibustion on shenque acupoint (rn8) for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children with infantile cerebral palsy (icp). | 2010 | 20082252 |
| surveillance and molecular characterization of rotavirus strains circulating in manipur, north-eastern india: increasing prevalence of emerging g12 strains. | to determine the frequency and genotypes of rotavirus strains, samples were collected from children hospitalized with acute diarrhea at the regional institute of medical sciences, manipur. the globally common genotypes g1p[8] and g2p[4] constituted 58% of the total positive strains, while 3% and 8% strains were emerging genotypes, g9p[6] and g12p[6]. this is the first report of genotype g12 in manipur. the g12 strains clustered with lineage iii strains and had >98% identity with corresponding ro ... | 2010 | 20083233 |
| effectiveness of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in a large urban population in the united states. | the goal was to assess the effectiveness of complete (3-dose) or partial (1- or 2-dose) immunization with pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) against rotavirus acute gastroenteritis (age) in us clinical practice. | 2010 | 20083525 |
| evidence for molecular mimicry between human t cell epitopes in rotavirus and pancreatic islet autoantigens. | in type 1 diabetes, insulin-producing beta cells in the islets of the pancreas are destroyed by autoreactive t cells. rotavirus (rv) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes. peptides in vp7, a major immunogenic protein of rv, have high sequence similarity to t cell epitope peptides in the islet autoantigens tyrosine phosphatase-like insulinoma ag 2 (ia2) and glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (gad65). we aimed to educe evidence for the hypothesis that molecular mimicry with rv pro ... | 2010 | 20083660 |
| association of viral infection and appendicitis. | what causes appendicitis is not known; however, studies have suggested a relationship between viral diseases and appendicitis. building on evidence of cyclic patterns of appendicitis with apparent outbreaks consistent with an infectious etiology, we hypothesized that there is a relationship between population rates of appendicitis and several infectious diseases. | 2010 | 20083756 |
| characterization of group a rotavirus infections in adolescents and adults from pune, india: 1993-1996 and 2004-2007. | a total of 1,591 fecal specimens were collected in 1993-1996 and 2004-2007 from adolescents and adults with acute gastroenteritis in pune, india for detection and characterization of rotavirus. at the two time points, group a rotavirus was detected in 8.6% and 16.2% of the adolescents and 5.2% and 17.2% of the adults, respectively. reverse transcription-pcr with consensus primers followed by multiplex genotyping pcr detected common strains g1p[8], g2p[4], g3p[8], and g4p[8] in a total of 53.1% o ... | 2010 | 20087938 |
| detection and molecular characterization of human rotaviruses isolated in italy and albania. | rotaviruses are one of the most important causes of gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old. analysis of g and p rotavirus genotypes in circulation is crucial in evaluating the appropriacy of mass vaccination of children worldwide. overall, 592 stool samples were collected in tirana (albania), the salento peninsula (south italy), and three different hospitals in rome (central italy). of the total samples, 31.3% were rotavirus positive in albania, 78.3% in the salento, and 40.3% in rome. th ... | 2010 | 20087942 |
| mixed viral infections causing acute gastroenteritis in children in a waterborne outbreak. | we examined stool specimens for viral pathogens from 50 children referred to hospital due to acute gastroenteritis (age) resulting from consuming drinking water contaminated with sewage in a finnish community using pcr methods. rotavirus was detected in 33 (66%), human calicivirus in 31 (62%), and both in 40% of cases. of the caliciviruses, 20/31 (65%) were noroviruses and 11 (35%) sapoviruses. furthermore, aichi virus was detected in 25 (50%), adenovirus in six (12%) and bocavirus in four (8%) ... | 2010 | 20092670 |
| development of one-step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for rapid detection of porcine group c rotaviruses. | although the widespread occurrence of porcine group c rotaviruses (gcrv) is assumed, precise prevalence remains largely unknown because of the absence of reliable, specific, and rapid diagnostic methods. to detect and quantify porcine gcrv, the authors evaluated and optimized sybr green and taqman real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assays and applied them to 108 piglet fecal samples. using serially diluted standard rna transcripts of porcine gcrv vp6 gene, both sy ... | 2010 | 20093687 |
| spatiotemporal dynamics of rotavirus disease in europe: can climate or demographic variability explain the patterns observed. | we found a south to north movement of rotavirus activity across europe. lower birth rates, higher winter temperatures, and higher winter rainfall were associated with variations in timing of rotavirus activity between european countries but not with temporal variations within countries. patterns of rotavirus activity are likely to be driven by a complex interaction of population, virus, and environmental factors. | 2010 | 20094004 |
| multicenter prospective study analysing the role of rotavirus on acute gastroenteritis in spain. | paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis is the most frequent cause of acute gastroenteritis (age) in children up to 5 years of age worldwide. | 2010 | 20096025 |
| incidence of hospitalization due to community-acquired rotavirus infection: a 12-year study (1996-2008). | the incidence of hospitalization for acute gastroenteritis (age) is a useful parameter to assess the utility of the new rotavirus vaccines in high-income countries. children hospitalized for age were identified by searching hospital discharge data and the records of the microbiology laboratory of hospital donostia. rotavirus antigen was investigated in 96.1% of the 1114 children aged 1 month to <5 years hospitalized for age in the study period. nearly 40% were rotavirus positive (44.9% of the 79 ... | 2010 | 20096147 |
| a tgf-beta mediated regulatory mechanism modulates the t cell immune response to rotavirus in adults but not in children. | children with acute rv-gastroenteritis (ge) had low or undetectable levels of circulating ifn-gamma(+), il-13(+), il-2(+), il-10(+) or il-17(+) rv-t cells. ifn-gamma(+) t cells and low frequencies of il-10(+) and il-2(+) cd4(+) t cells were found in adults with rv-ge during acute and convalescence phases, respectively. circulating single ifn-gamma(+)>double ifn-gamma(+)/il-2(+)>single il-2(+)rv-cd4(+)t cells were observed in healthy adults. in this group, frequencies of ifn-gamma(+) rv-t cells i ... | 2010 | 20096911 |
| differential expression of hepatic fibrosis mediators in sick and spontaneously recovered mice with experimental biliary atresia. | hepatic fibrosis leading to cirrhosis is the major morbidity in patients with biliary atresia (ba). this fibrosis is due to an imbalance in extracellular matrix (ecm) breakdown and deposition. we have previously demonstrated increased mrna expression for inhibitors of ecm breakdown without increased expression for mediators of ecm deposition in our animal model of ba by d 14. however, only a mild degree of hepatic fibrosis was seen at this time. we hypothesized that expression patterns for these ... | 2010 | 20097372 |
| determination and analysis of the full-length chicken parvovirus genome. | viral enteric disease in poultry is an ongoing problem in many parts of the world. many enteric viruses have been identified in turkeys and chickens, including avian astroviruses, rotaviruses, reoviruses, and coronaviruses. through the application of a molecular screening method targeting particle-associated nucleic acid (pan), we recently described the detection and partial characterization of a novel enteric parvovirus in chickens. subsequent surveys of intestinal homogenates from turkeys and ... | 2010 | 20097398 |
| estimated burden of rotavirus-associated diarrhea in ambulatory settings in the united states. | two vaccines to prevent disease from rotavirus among young children were recently approved in the united states. although previous studies of the burden of rotaviral disease have focused on hospitalizations, the assessment of baseline disease burden in ambulatory settings is useful for evaluating the overall impact of the vaccine. | 2010 | 20100749 |
| effectiveness of the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine in preventing gastroenteritis in the united states. | in clinical trials, the pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (rv5) was efficacious in preventing severe rotavirus gastroenteritis (rge) and related health care encounters. we assessed the vaccine effectiveness (ve) of rv5 among us infants during the first 2 rotavirus seasons after vaccine licensure. | 2010 | 20100757 |
| sibling transmission of vaccine-derived rotavirus (rotateq) associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis. | although rotavirus vaccines are known to be shed in stools, transmission of vaccine-derived virus to unvaccinated contacts resulting in symptomatic rotavirus gastroenteritis has not been reported to our knowledge. we document here the occurrence of vaccine-derived rotavirus (rotateq [merck and co, whitehouse station, nj]) transmission from a vaccinated infant to an older, unvaccinated sibling, resulting in symptomatic rotavirus gastroenteritis that required emergency department care. results of ... | 2010 | 20100758 |
| prevention of biliary atresia in the experimental mouse model provides a new approach to elucidate its immune pathomechanism. | 2010 | 20105622 | |
| lactic acid bacteria efficiently protect human and animal intestinal epithelial and immune cells from enteric virus infection. | this study aimed to examine the potential antiviral activity of lactic acid bacteria (lab) using animal and human intestinal and macrophage cell line models of non tumor origin. to this end, lab strains selected on the basis of previous in vitro trials were co-incubated with cell line monolayers, which were subsequently challenged with rotavirus (rv) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev). in order to elucidate the possible mechanism responsible for the antiviral activity, the induction ... | 2010 | 20106541 |
| an oral versus intranasal prime/boost regimen using attenuated human rotavirus or vp2 and vp6 virus-like particles with immunostimulating complexes influences protection and antibody-secreting cell responses to rotavirus in a neonatal gnotobiotic pig model. | we determined the impact of mucosal prime/boost regimens and vaccine type (attenuated wa human rotavirus [atthrv] or nonreplicating wa 2/6 rotavirus-like particles [vlp]) on protection and antibody-secreting cell (asc) responses to hrv in a neonatal gnotobiotic pig disease model. comparisons of delivery routes for atthrv and evaluation of nonreplicating vlp vaccines are important as alternative vaccine approaches to overcome risks associated with live oral vaccines. groups of neonatal gnotobioti ... | 2010 | 20107005 |
| effect of human rotavirus vaccine on severe diarrhea in african infants. | rotavirus is the most common cause of severe gastroenteritis among young children worldwide. data are needed to assess the efficacy of the rotavirus vaccine in african children. | 2010 | 20107214 |
| effect of rotavirus vaccination on death from childhood diarrhea in mexico. | a phased introduction of a monovalent rotavirus vaccine occurred in mexico from february 2006 through may 2007. we assessed the effect of vaccination on deaths from diarrhea in mexican children in 2008 and 2009. | 2010 | 20107215 |
| vaccine-acquired rotavirus in infants with severe combined immunodeficiency. | live pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine is recommended in the united states for routine immunization of infants. we describe three infants, two with failure to thrive, who had dehydration and diarrhea within 1 month after their first or second rotavirus immunization and subsequently received a diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency. rotavirus was detected, by means of reverse-transcriptase-polymerase-chain-reaction (rt-pcr) assay, in stool specimens obtained from all t ... | 2010 | 20107217 |
| rotavirus vaccine--a powerful tool to combat deaths from diarrhea. | 2010 | 20107222 | |
| detection of enteric viruses in sewage sludge and treated wastewater effluent. | sewage sludge and treated wastewater when contaminated with enteric virus and discharged into the environment, could pose a human health risk. the aim of study was to verify the presence and viability of enteric viruses in sewage sludge and treated wastewater at a local sewage plant in florianopolis city, brazil. sewage sludge was concentrated by organic flocculation and polyethylene glycol precipitation and wastewater by electronegative membrane filtration and ultrafiltration by centriprep conc ... | 2010 | 20107281 |
| viral load and genotypes of noroviruses in symptomatic and asymptomatic children in southeastern brazil. | noroviruses (novs) are a major etiological agent of sporadic acute gastroenteritis worldwide. | 2010 | 20004146 |
| genetic analysis of the porcine group b rotavirus nsp2 gene from wild-type brazilian strains. | group b rotaviruses (rv-b) were first identified in piglet feces, being later associated with diarrhea in humans, cattle, lambs, and rats. in human beings, the virus was only described in china, india, and bangladesh, especially infecting adults. only a few studies concerning molecular analysis of the rv-b nsp2 gene have been conducted, and porcine rv-b has not been characterized. in the present study, three porcine wild-type rv-b strains from piglet stool samples collected from brazilian pig he ... | 2010 | 20069262 |
| detection and molecular characterization of enteric viruses from poult enteritis syndrome in turkeys. | this study was conducted to detect and characterize enteric viruses [rotavirus, turkey astrovirus-2 (tastv-2), reovirus, and turkey coronavirus] from cases of poult enteritis syndrome (pes) in minnesota turkeys. of the intestinal contents collected from 43 pes cases, 25 were positive for rotavirus and 13 for small round viruses by electron microscopy (em). of the enteric virus-positive cases by em (n=27), 16 cases had rotavirus or small round viruses alone and the remaining 11 cases had both vir ... | 2010 | 20075272 |
| prevention and treatment of viral diarrhea in pediatrics. | diarrhea is the second largest cause of mortality worldwide in children from the perinatal period to the age of 5 years. rotavirus has been the most commonly identified viral cause of diarrhea in children. norovirus is now recognized as the second most common viral pathogen. adenovirus, astrovirus and sapovirus are the other major viral causes of pediatric gastroenteritis. strategies for prevention include basic hygiene, optimization of nutrition and, ultimately, vaccination. two new vaccines ha ... | 2010 | 20109050 |
| is it cost-effective to introduce rotavirus vaccination in the dutch national immunization program? | this study assessed whether the inclusion of two rotavirus (rv) vaccines in the dutch national immunization programme is cost-effective. costs and outcomes in unvaccinated and vaccinated populations are compared for a time period of 20 years. in the baseline, assuming competitive market forces in relation to vaccine costs, rotarix is more cost-effective than rotateq, resulting in a cost-utility ratio (cur) of euro 53,000 per daly (third payer perspective) and euro 49,000 per daly (societal persp ... | 2010 | 20109593 |
| persistent rotavirus vaccine shedding in a new case of severe combined immunodeficiency: a reason to screen. | 2010 | 20109754 | |
| ultrasonography findings and symptoms in acute rotavirus gastroenteritis. | the aim of the present study was to better understand how clinical events in acute rotavirus gastroenteritis are depicted on ultrasonography. | 2010 | 20113420 |
| x-ray crystal structure of the rotavirus inner capsid particle at 3.8 a resolution. | the rotavirus inner capsid particle, known as the "double-layered particle" (dlp), is the "payload" delivered into a cell in the process of viral infection. its inner and outer protein layers, composed of viral protein (vp) 2 and vp6, respectively, package the 11 segments of the double-stranded rna (dsrna) of the viral genome, as well as about the same number of polymerase molecules (vp1) and capping-enzyme molecules (vp3). we have determined the crystal structure of the bovine rotavirus dlp. th ... | 2010 | 20122940 |
| global implementation of human papillomavirus (hpv) vaccine: lessons from hepatitis b vaccine. | development of safe and effective vaccines against human papillomavirus (hpv)-the second vaccine against a major human cancer-is one of the most important medical and public health achievements of this century. as with all new vaccines, hpv is currently expensive and this cost precludes its use in the developing world, which has the greatest burden of disease from hpv-related cancers. hepatitis b (hb) virus vaccine, which prevents chronic hb infection and related cirrhosis and liver cancer, has ... | 2010 | 20129654 |
| phylogenetic analysis of human p[8]g9 rotavirus strains circulating in brazil reveals the presence of a novel genetic variant. | group a rotavirus (rv-a) genotype p[8]g9 has emerged as one of the leading causes of gastroenteritis in children worldwide and currently is recognized as one of the five most common genotypes detected in humans. high intragenotype diversity in g9 rv-a has been observed, and nowadays, based on the genetic variability of the vp7 gene, six different phylogenetic lineages and eleven sublineages were described. | 2010 | 20133185 |
| seasonal trend and serotype distribution of rotavirus infection in japan, 1981-2008. | a total of 10,917 fecal specimens from infants and children with gastroenteritis in seven different regions of japan in the last 3 decades were examined for rotavirus. we observed that the rotavirus peak shifted gradually from january to april (winter to early spring) during 17 seasons and the g1p[8] combination was the most predominant genotype in the last 28 years in japan. | 2010 | 20135750 |
| burden of childhood rotavirus disease on health systems in the united states. | to determine the burden of rotavirus disease before the introduction of rotavirus vaccines. | 2010 | 20135751 |
| milk supplemented with immune colostrum: protection against rotavirus diarrhea and modulatory effect on the systemic and mucosal antibody responses in calves experimentally challenged with bovine rotavirus. | group a bovine rotavirus (brv) is the major cause of neonatal calf diarrhea worldwide. as a preventive strategy, we evaluated the protection and immunomodulation in two groups of brv-inoculated calves. all calves received control colostrum (cc; vn=65,536; igg(1)=16,384) prior to gut closure followed by the milk supplemented with immune colostrum (vn=1,048,576; igg(1)=262,144), twice a day, for 14 days. calves received milk supplemented with 0.8% immune colostrum [(gp 1) vn=16,384; igg(1)=4096] o ... | 2010 | 20138373 |
| identification of g8 rotavirus strains determined as g12 by rotavirus genotyping pcr: updating the current genotyping methods. | rotaviruses are classified into g- and p-types, which are determined by the reactivity with antibodies to the outer viral proteins, vp7 and vp4, respectively, or sequence variation in the genes encoding these proteins. there are presently a number of different rotavirus strains co-circulating within the uk, with the common human strains g1p[8], g2p[4] and g9p[8] being the most prevalent. as part of strain surveillance for the european rotavirus network (eurorotanet) a cluster (n=29) of g8 strain ... | 2010 | 20138804 |
| meeting of the international task force for disease eradication, october 2009. | 2010 | 20151497 | |
| food-borne diseases - the challenges of 20 years ago still persist while new ones continue to emerge. | the burden of diseases caused by food-borne pathogens remains largely unknown. importantly data indicating trends in food-borne infectious intestinal disease is limited to a few industrialised countries, and even fewer pathogens. it has been predicted that the importance of diarrhoeal disease, mainly due to contaminated food and water, as a cause of death will decline worldwide. evidence for such a downward trend is limited. this prediction presumes that improvements in the production and retail ... | 2010 | 20153070 |
| prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of rotavirus genotypes in thailand between 2007 and 2009. | rotaviruses are the most common cause of severe diarrhea among infants and young children worldwide, especially in developing countries. in thailand, rotavirus has presented a major public health problem causing severe diarrhea in infants and young children. it was responsible for about one-third of diarrheal diseases in hospitalized patients. in this study, we have analyzed the distribution and performed molecular characterization of rotaviruses circulating in infants and young children with di ... | 2010 | 20156600 |
| full genomic analysis and possible origin of a porcine g12 rotavirus strain ru172. | human group a rotavirus (gar) g12 strains are regarded as potentially important pathogens for acute gastroenteritis. on the other hand, to date, the only report of detection of g12 in animals was that of a porcine g12p[7] strain ru172. strain ru172 formed a separate g12 lineage, distinct from human g12 strains, and by analyses of deduced amino acid sequences, had a vp4, vp6, nsp4-5 of porcine origin. in the present study, we determined the full-length nucleotide sequences of vp1, vp3, and nsp1-3 ... | 2010 | 20157771 |
| [two cases of infants with acute renal failure due to bilateral obstructive ureteral stones associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis]. | we report on 2 infants with acute renal failure caused by bilateral obstructive ureteral stones associated with rotavirus gastroenteritis. a 28-month boy and a 13-month boy with several days history of watery diarrhea and vomiting were referred to our hospital because of anuria. they were diagnosed acute post-renal failure due to obstructive bilateral ureteral stones based on the findings of ultrasound scan and computed tomography. immediately, percutaneous nephrostomy tubes were inserted for ur ... | 2010 | 20158076 |
| perturbations in cytokine gene expression after inoculation of c57bl/6 mice with pasteurella pneumotropica. | pasteurella pneumotropica can cause inflammation and abscess formation in a variety of tissues. most commonly, p. pneumotropica produces clinical disease in immunodeficient mice or those concurrently infected with other pathogens. because clinical disease is infrequent in immunocompetent mice harboring p. pneumotropica, some scientists consider it an opportunistic pathogen with little clinical relevance to biomedical research. however, other infectious agents, including mouse parvoviruses, mouse ... | 2010 | 20158944 |
| detection of equine rotavirus by reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp). | reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) was applied to detection of equine rotavirus. because equine rotavirus of the single p genotype, p[12], is predominant in the equine population worldwide, an rt-lamp primer set was designed to target the genotype p[12] sequence and thus detect equine rotavirus. the detection limit of the rt-lamp assay was 10(3) copies of viral rna, whereas that of semi-nested rt-pcr for genotype p[12] was 10(5) copies. the rt-lamp assay speci ... | 2010 | 20160420 |
| rotavirus differentially infects and polyclonally stimulates human b cells depending on their differentiation state and tissue of origin. | we have shown previously that rotavirus (rv) can infect murine intestinal b220(+) cells in vivo (m. fenaux, m. a. cuadras, n. feng, m. jaimes, and h. b. greenberg, j. virol. 80:5219-5232, 2006) and human blood b cells in vitro (m. c. mesa, l. s. rodriguez, m. a. franco, and j. angel, virology 366:174-184, 2007). however, the effect of rv on b cells, especially those present in the human intestine, the primary site of rv infection, is unknown. here, we compared the effects of the in vitro rv infe ... | 2010 | 20164228 |
| age distribution of paediatric rotavirus gastroenteritis cases in europe: the reveal study. | rotavirus is the most frequent cause of severe diarrhoea in children aged <5 y. a prospective, multicentre, observational study was conducted in europe during the 2004-2005 rotavirus season. the study was undertaken in areas of belgium, france, germany, italy, spain, sweden, and the uk, to estimate the incidence of community-acquired acute gastroenteritis (age) and rotavirus gastroenteritis (rvge) in children under 5 y of age seeking medical care in 3 settings: primary care, emergency department ... | 2010 | 19916900 |
| rotavirus infections with multiple emerging genotypes in sri lanka. | rotavirus diarrhea is an important cause of child mortality in developing countries, but studies on this diarrhea are scarce in sri lanka. a prospective study conducted in sri lanka on rotavirus infection among children in a hospital setting (n = 611) versus children residing in tsunami camps (n = 52) showed that prevalence of rotavirus infection was comparable, 21.9 and 20%, respectively. the hospital and camps were located in different districts. analysis of the genotypes of 122 rotaviruses fr ... | 2010 | 19921392 |
| viral infections: new and emerging. | viral gastrointestinal diseases are a leading cause of childhood death worldwide. recognition of specific causes as they pertain to epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention is necessary for the clinician as scientific advances allow for greater understanding of the diseases. the present review summarizes these advances for commonly encountered causes of viral gastroenteritis. | 2010 | 19907323 |
| real-time surveillance to assess risk of intussusception and other adverse events after pentavalent, bovine-derived rotavirus vaccine. | a pentavalent, bovine-derived rotavirus vaccine (rotateq, merck) was licensed in 2006 for use in infants. a previously licensed rotavirus vaccine was withdrawn due to elevated risk of intussusception. we prospectively evaluated the risk of intussusception and other pre-specified adverse events among rotateq recipients in the vaccine safety datalink. | 2010 | 19907356 |
| health-related quality of life lost to rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in children and their parents: a canadian prospective study. | we estimated the impact of rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis (rge) on health-related quality of life of children and parents as background for economic evaluation of rotavirus vaccines. a total of 186 new cases of rge in children <36 months old were recruited from physician and pediatric clinics and followed up for 2 weeks. our results show that rge impacts the health-related quality of life of children and parents adversely. | 2010 | 19907361 |
| clinical and molecular epidemiology of rotavirus in children with community-acquired and hospital-acquired diarrhea in shanghai, china. | a hospital-based investigation was conducted to understand the epidemiologic profile of rotavirus diarrhea due to community-acquired and hospital-acquired infection among children >28 days of age, between november 2006 and january 2008 in shanghai. rotavirus infection was related to 37.2% of clinic visit and 48.1% of ward admission attributable to community-acquired noninvasive bacterial diarrhea among shanghainese children. rotavirus was responsible for 54.8% of nosocomial diarrhea. g3p[8] (56. ... | 2010 | 19915511 |
| rotaviruses require basolateral molecules for efficient infection of polarized mdckii cells. | in this work we evaluated the ability of rotavirus strains with different receptor requirements to infect the apical and basolateral surfaces of polarized mdckii cells. we used neuraminidase (na)-sensitive (rrv and tfr-1) and neuraminidase-resistant (wa and uk) viruses that differ in their use of integrins. regardless of their receptor requirements, all virus strains tested were found to efficiently infect cells from both membrane surface domains, with preference for the basolateral domain, sinc ... | 2010 | 19932141 |
| molecular characterization of the vp1, vp2, vp4, vp6, nsp1 and nsp2 genes of bovine group b rotaviruses: identification of a novel vp4 genotype. | studies on bovine group b rotaviruses (gbrs) are limited. to date, only the vp6 gene of a single bovine gbr strain and the vp7 and nsp5 genes of a few bovine gbr strains have been sequenced and analyzed. in the present study, using a single-primer amplification method, we have determined the full-length nucleotide sequences of the vp1, vp2, vp4, vp6, nsp1 and nsp2 genes of three bovine gbr strains from eastern india. in all six of these genes, the bovine gbr strains shared high genetic relatedne ... | 2010 | 19936611 |
| [survey about the perception of the gastroenteritis and the infection due to rotavirus by the mothers in france]. | to describe the perception of the acute gastroenteritis (age) and the interest for the vaccination of the age due to rotavirus. | 2010 | 19939583 |
| temperature-dependent transmission of rotavirus in great britain and the netherlands. | in europe, rotavirus gastroenteritis peaks in late winter or early spring suggesting a role for weather factors in transmission of the virus. in this study, multivariate regression models adapted for time-series data were used to investigate effects of temperature, humidity and rainfall on reported rotavirus infections and the infection-rate parameter, a derived measure of infection transmission that takes into account population immunity, in england, wales, scotland and the netherlands. delayed ... | 2010 | 19939844 |
| simian rotaviruses possess divergent gene constellations that originated from interspecies transmission and reassortment. | although few simian rotaviruses (rvs) have been isolated, such strains have been important for basic research and vaccine development. to explore the origins of simian rvs, the complete genome sequences of strains ptrv (g8p[1]), rrv (g3p[3]), and tuch (g3p[24]) were determined. these data allowed the genotype constellations of each virus to be determined and the phylogenetic relationships of the simian strains with each other and with nonsimian rvs to be elucidated. the results indicate that ptr ... | 2010 | 19939934 |
| characterisation of g8 human rotaviruses in australian children with gastroenteritis. | this study describes the characterisation of g8 rotavirus strains isolated from humans with acute gastroenteritis. six g8 strains were detected in australia between 2002 and 2008. four were g8p[14] strains, one was g8p[8]+[14] and one was g8 p non-typeable. by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and enzyme immunoassay analysis, four g8 strains with visible rna exhibited a long electropherotype and five g8 strains displayed subgroup i specificity. sequence analysis of the vp7 gene indicated that t ... | 2010 | 19948195 |
| efficacy and safety of pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine when administered with greater than 10 weeks between doses. | the pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine is indicated as a 3-dose series with first dose administered orally at 6 to 12 weeks with subsequent doses at 4 to 10 week intervals. in pre-licensure phase iii trials, the majority followed this schedule, but there were 2956 instances where infants received a dose of pentavalent human-bovine reassortant rotavirus vaccine/placebo >10 weeks after the previous dose. among this subset, the efficacy against any severity of disease, the reduc ... | 2010 | 19949360 |
| a long-term survey on the distribution of the human rotavirus g type in thailand. | the distribution of the g type of human rotavirus was surveyed in thailand between july 1993 and june 2007. a significant yearly change in the distribution of the g type distribution was found. from 1993-1994 to 1998-1999, the g1 type was the most dominant. in 1999-2000, g9 began to appear at a high frequency. in 2000-2001, 2001-2002, and 2002-2003, g9 was very common. in 2003-2004, g1 became the most prevalent type again, and since then it has been detected at the highest frequency. g12 strains ... | 2010 | 19950228 |
| high prevalence of species d human adenoviruses in fecal specimens from urban kenyan children with diarrhea. | human adenoviruses (hadvs) cause a wide range of clinical syndromes and are classified in seven species, a-g, comprising 52 serotypes. hadv-a31, -f40, and -f41 have been associated with diarrhea in infants and young children. in developing countries gastroenteritis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children and, in comparison to rotaviruses, there are no data on the hadvs associated with diarrhea in pediatric patients in kenya. this study investigates the prevalence and genotypes of ... | 2010 | 19950234 |
| detection of gii-4/2006b variant and recombinant noroviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis, south korea. | norovirus (nov), a single-stranded, positive rna virus, is an important etiologic agent of acute gastroenteritis in children worldwide. in this study, a total of 434 fecal samples collected from 434 children with acute gastroenteritis in seoul, between september 2007 and july 2008 were tested to determine the molecular epidemiology of novs and characterize recombinant strains by using rt-pcr followed by sequencing. of the 434 specimens, nov, rotavirus, and adenovirus were detected in 155 (35.8%) ... | 2010 | 19950237 |
| universal mass vaccination against rotavirus gastroenteritis: impact on hospitalization rates in austrian children. | since july 2007, rotavirus vaccinations have been subsidized in austria for all children from the seventh week up to the sixth month of life. vaccination coverage over the whole period was 72% with an increase to 87% in 2008. | 2010 | 19935446 |