Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| bone marrow-derived cd4+ t cells are depleted in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques and contribute to the size of the replication-competent reservoir. | the bone marrow (bm) is the key anatomic site for hematopoiesis and plays a significant role in the homeostasis of mature t cells. however, very little is known on the phenotype of bm-derived cd4+ t cells, their fate during simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) infection, and their contribution to viral persistence during antiretroviral therapy (art). in this study, we characterized the immunologic and virologic status of bm-derived cd4+ t cells in rhesus macaques prior to siv infection, during th ... | 2019 | 30305357 |
| oral coadministration of an intramuscular dna/modified vaccinia ankara vaccine for simian immunodeficiency virus is associated with better control of infection in orally exposed infant macaques. | the majority of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 infections in infants are acquired orally through breastfeeding. toward development of a pediatric hiv vaccine to prevent breastmilk transmission, we tested the efficacy of a simultaneous oral and intramuscular (im) vaccination regimen for preventing oral simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) transmission in infant rhesus macaques. two groups of neonatal macaques were immunized with dna encoding siv virus-like particles (dna-siv) on weeks 0 ... | 2019 | 30303405 |
| prenatal bisphenol a exposure alters epithelial cell composition in the rhesus macaque fetal oviduct. | bisphenol a (bpa) is an endocrine disrupting compound that is a pervasive environmental contaminant. although it has been reported to affect the development of a variety of fetal reproductive tissues, data on the effect of fetal bpa exposure on oviducts were extremely limited and were only available in mice. to determine if there are adverse effects of gestational bpa exposure on fetal oviduct, we exposed pregnant rhesus macaques with female fetuses to oral or nonoral bpa during the last trimest ... | 2019 | 30295897 |
| gustatory responses in macaque monkeys revealed with fmri: comments on taste, taste preference, and internal state. | studies of the neural mechanisms underlying value-based decision making typically employ food or fluid rewards to motivate subjects to perform cognitive tasks. rewards are often treated as interchangeable, but it is well known that the specific tastes of foods and fluids and the values associated with their taste sensations influence choices and contribute to overall levels of food consumption. accordingly, we characterized the gustatory system in three macaque monkeys (macaca mulatta) and exami ... | 2019 | 30291973 |
| rhesus macaque brain atlas regions aligned to an mri template. | to aid in the analysis of rhesus macaque brain images, we aligned digitized anatomical regions from the widely used atlas of paxinos et al. to a published magnetic resonance imaging (mri) template based on a large number of subjects. digitally labelled atlas images were aligned to the template in 2d and then in 3d. the resulting grey matter regions appear qualitatively to be well registered to the template. to quantitatively validate the procedure, mr brain images of 20 rhesus macaques were alig ... | 2019 | 30291569 |
| pharmacokinetic testing of a first-generation cabotegravir prodrug in rhesus macaques. | : long-acting antiretrovirals can improve therapy and prevention for hiv-1 infection. current long-acting cabotegravir (cab lap) can be administered every other month. previously, we demonstrated that a myristoylated cab prodrug encased in poloxamer 407 provided extended plasma drug concentrations. we now demonstrate that this first-generation nanoformulated prodrug can sustain plasma cab concentrations above the protein-adjusted 90% inhibitory concentration for 4 months in rhesus macaques. a 2. ... | 2019 | 30289818 |
| helicobacter pylori induces intracellular galectin-8 aggregation around damaged lysosomes within gastric epithelial cells in a host o-glycan-dependent manner. | galectin-8, a beta-galactoside-binding lectin, is upregulated in the gastric tissues of rhesus macaques infected with helicobacter pylori. in this study, we found that h. pylori infection triggers intracellular galectin-8 aggregation in human-derived ags gastric epithelial cells, and that these aggregates colocalize with lysosomes. notably, this aggregation is markedly reduced following the attenuation of host o-glycan processing. this indicates that h. pylori infection induces lysosomal damage, ... | 2019 | 30289459 |
| evaluation of the safety and efficacy of soft tissue augmentation with a compressive-resistant collagen matrix in a nonhuman primate model. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the compression-resistant collagen-based cross-linked matrix for augmentation of maxillary and mandibular soft tissue defects in an animal model. | 2019 | 30267705 |
| periodontal disease susceptible matrilines in the cayo santiago macaca mulatta macaques. | the expression of periodontitis, including age of onset, extent, and severity is considered to represent an interaction of the individual's oral microbiome and host response to the microbial challenge that is modified by both genetics and environmental factors. the aim of this study was to determine the distribution of periodontitis in a population of nonhuman primates, to document features of familial distribution that could reflect heritability and transmission of microbes with enhanced virule ... | 2019 | 30277577 |
| comparison of sampling methods for profiling cervicovaginal microbiome in rhesus macaques. | cervicovaginal bacteria cause inflammation which in turn increases hiv risk. profiling the cervicovaginal microbiome, therefore, is instrumental for vaccine development. we show that the microbiome profile captured by cervicovaginal lavage is comparable to samples obtained by vaginal swabs. thus, lavage may serve as a sampling strategy in nhp vaccine studies. | 2019 | 30277264 |
| early developmental trajectories of functional connectivity along the visual pathways in rhesus monkeys. | early social interactions shape the development of social behavior, although the critical periods or the underlying neurodevelopmental processes are not completely understood. here, we studied the developmental changes in neural pathways underlying visual social engagement in the translational rhesus monkey model. changes in functional connectivity (fc) along the ventral object and motion pathways and the dorsal attention/visuo-spatial pathways were studied longitudinally using resting-state fun ... | 2019 | 30272135 |
| monocyte and alveolar macrophage skewing is associated with the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a primate model of hiv infection. | we investigated the relationship of monocytes, alveolar, and tissue-resident macrophage populations and the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah) in a nonhuman primate model of hiv infection. a prospective study of simian immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (siv-pah) was done. rhesus macaques (n = 21) were infected with siv. blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf), and lung tissue were analyzed for monocyte and macrophage phenotypes and inflammator ... | 2019 | 30229666 |
| using preferred fluids and different reward schedules to motivate rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) in cognitive tasks. | rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) used in behavioural neuroscience are often required to complete cognitively complex tasks, for which a high level of motivation is essential. to induce motivation, researchers may implement fluid-restriction protocols, whereby freely available water is limited, such that fluid can be used as a reward in the laboratory. a variety of different rewards and schedules are used, but there exists a lack of data assessing their effectiveness. in this study, we aimed to q ... | 2019 | 30282500 |
| evaluation of a pet radioligand to image o-glcnacase in brain and periphery of rhesus monkey and knock-out mouse. | accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau, a microtubule-associated protein, plays an important role in the progression of alzheimer disease. animal studies suggest that one strategy for treating alzheimer disease and related tauopathies may be inhibition of o-glcnacase (oga), which may subsequently decrease pathologic tau phosphorylation. here, we report the pharmacokinetics of a novel pet radioligand, 18f-lsn3316612, which binds with high affinity and selectivity to oga. methods: pet imaging was ... | 2019 | 30213846 |
| sex differences in the effectiveness of buprenorphine to decrease rates of responding in rhesus monkeys. | sex differences in μ-opioid receptor (mor) agonist-induced antinociception have been reported in nonhuman primates. the degree to which μ-opioid receptor agonist sex differences in nonhuman primates extend to other behavioral endpoints remains unknown. the present study compared the behavioral effects of three mor ligands (fentanyl, buprenorphine, and naltrexone) that varied in efficacy to stimulate [s]-gtpγs binding (from highest to lowest: fentanyl, buprenorphine, and naltrexone) in male and f ... | 2019 | 30212383 |
| [features of endocrine function of the pancreas with aging in nonhuman primates with various types of adaptive behavior.] | an increasing number of studies are devoted to the study of the relationship of mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety, with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. however, in the literature there are practically no publications on the study of the relationship of the features of higher nervous activity, in particular, adaptive behavior, in healthy individuals with the risk of developing age-related dysfunction of the pancreatic islet apparatus (pia). the purpose of this stud ... | 2019 | 31512416 |
| functionally defined white matter of the macaque monkey brain reveals a dorso-ventral attention network. | classical studies of attention have identified areas of parietal and frontal cortex as sources of attentional control. recently, a ventral region in the macaque temporal cortex, the posterior infero-temporal dorsal area pitd, has been suggested as a third attentional control area. this raises the question of whether and how spatially distant areas coordinate a joint focus of attention. here we tested the hypothesis that parieto-frontal attention areas and pitd are directly interconnected. by com ... | 2019 | 30601116 |
| aging affects correlation within the v1 neuronal population in rhesus monkeys. | visual function declines with age. this deterioration results not only from changes in the optical system but also from the functional degradation of the central visual cortex. although numerous studies have explored the mechanisms of age-related influences on vision, they have failed to acknowledge the significance of neuronal correlation in dysfunction of the visual cortex. previous research has focused on the functional degradation of individual neurons, with age-induced changes in correlatio ... | 2019 | 30599290 |
| a method to investigate astrocyte and microglial morphological changes in the aging brain of the rhesus macaque. | with a rapidly aging population, studies of neuroinflammation and degeneration associated with eugeric aging are becoming critical. using the unique archive at the tulane national primate research center as a resource, we have developed tools to quantify morphological changes in astrocytes and microglia across the life span of monkeys. this method can be used for morphometric studies of multiple parameters simultaneously in an unbiased manner. | 2019 | 30617987 |
| modulation of gpr39, a g-protein coupled receptor associated with alcohol use in non-human primates, curbs ethanol intake in mice. | alcohol use disorder (aud) is a chronic condition with devastating health and socioeconomic effects. still, pharmacotherapies to treat aud are scarce. in a prior study aimed at identifying novel aud therapeutic targets, we investigated the dna methylome of the nucleus accumbens core (nacc) of rhesus macaques after chronic alcohol use. the g-protein coupled receptor 39 (gpr39) gene was hypermethylated and its expression downregulated in heavy alcohol drinking macaques. gpr39 encodes a zn2+-bindin ... | 2019 | 30610192 |
| frequency shifts and depth dependence of premotor beta band activity during perceptual decision-making. | neural activity in the premotor and motor cortices shows prominent structure in the beta frequency range (13-30 hz). currently, the behavioral relevance of this beta band activity (bba) is debated. the underlying source of motor bba and how it changes as a function of cortical depth are also not completely understood. here, we addressed these unresolved questions by investigating bba recorded using laminar electrodes in the dorsal premotor cortex of 2 male rhesus macaques performing a visual rea ... | 2019 | 30606756 |
| sevoflurane exposure has minimal effect on cognitive function and does not alter microglial activation in adult monkeys. | postoperative cognitive dysfunction (pocd) is a complication that has been observed in a subset of adult and elderly individuals after general anesthesia and surgery. although the pathogenesis of pocd is largely unknown, a growing body of preclinical research suggests that pocd may be caused by general anesthesia. a significant amount of research has examined the effects of general anesthesia on neurocognitive function in rodents, yet no studies have assessed the adverse effects of general anest ... | 2019 | 30605762 |
| ratio of the bronchial lumen to pulmonary artery diameter in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) without clinical pulmonary disease. | in human medicine, ct is widely used to detect changes in bronchial luminal diameter. the diameter of the artery that runs adjacent to the bronchus does not change dramatically along the airway path, such that this artery can be used as a reference to detect changes in the bronchial luminal diameter. the bronchoarterial ratio is increasingly used in veterinary medicine for the detection of lower airway diseases in animals. the purpose of this study was to establish the bronchoarterial ratio in r ... | 2019 | 30591089 |
| gonadotrophin-mediated mirna expression in testis at onset of puberty in rhesus monkey: predictions on regulation of thyroid hormone activity and dlk1-dio3 locus. | molecular mechanisms responsible for the initiation of primate spermatogenesis remain poorly characterized. previously, 48 h stimulation of the testes of three juvenile rhesus monkeys with pulsatile lh and fsh resulted in down-regulation of a cohort of genes recognized to favor spermatogonia stem cell renewal. this change in genetic landscape occurred in concert with amplification of sertoli cell proliferation and the commitment of undifferentiated spermatogonia to differentiate. in this report, ... | 2019 | 30590698 |
| testosterone augments fsh signaling by upregulating the expression and activity of fsh-receptor in pubertal primate sertoli cells. | the synergistic actions of testosterone (t) and fsh via testicular sertoli cells (sc) regulate male fertility. we have previously reported that the actions of these hormones (t and fsh) in infant monkey testes are restricted only to the expansion of sc and spermatogonial cells. the robust differentiation of male germ cells (gc) occurs after pubertal maturation of testis. the present study was aimed to investigate the molecular basis of the synergy between t and fsh action in pubertal primate (ma ... | 2019 | 30579957 |
| the scalar property during isochronous tapping is disrupted by a d2-like agonist in the nonhuman primate. | dopamine, and specifically the d2 system, has been implicated in timing tasks where the absolute duration of individual time intervals is encoded discretely, yet the role of d2 during beat perception and entrainment remains largely unknown. in this type of timing, a beat is perceived as the pulse that marks equally spaced points in time and, once extracted, produces the tendency in humans to entrain or synchronize their movements to it. hence, beat-based timing is crucial for musical execution. ... | 2019 | 30575431 |
| dynamic changes in insulin and glucagon during disease progression in rhesus monkeys with obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus. | to investigate the progression of obesity-related type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) in rhesus monkeys, especially dynamic changes in insulin and glucagon. | 2019 | 30575251 |
| rescue of rhesus macaques from the lethality of aerosolized ricin toxin. | ricin toxin (rt) ranks at the top of the list of bioweapons of concern to civilian and military personnel alike, due to its high potential for morbidity and mortality after inhalation. in nonhuman primates, aerosolized ricin triggers severe acute respiratory distress characterized by perivascular and alveolar edema, neutrophilic infiltration, and severe necrotizing bronchiolitis and alveolitis. there are currently no approved countermeasures for ricin intoxication. here, we report the therapeuti ... | 2019 | 30626745 |
| rhesus macaque rhadinovirus encodes a viral interferon regulatory factor to disrupt promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies and antagonize type i interferon signaling. | interferon (ifn) production and the subsequent induction of ifn-stimulated genes (isgs) are highly effective innate strategies utilized by cells to protect against invading pathogens, including viruses. critical components involved in this innate process are promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (pml-nbs), which are subnuclear structures required for the development of a robust ifn response. as such, pml-nbs serve as an important hurdle for viruses to overcome to successfully establish an infect ... | 2019 | 30626678 |
| histopathological features of the development of intestine and mesenteric lymph node injury in a nonhuman primate model of partial-body irradiation with minimal bone marrow sparing. | male rhesus macaques were subjected to partial-body irradiation at 10, 11, or 12 gy with 5% bone marrow protection. animals were euthanized when dictated by prospectively determined clinical parameters or at approximately 180 d following irradiation. histological sections of jejunum, colon, and mesenteric lymph node were stained with hematoxylin and eosin as well as a battery of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains. the immediate postirradiation histopathological alterations in the jejun ... | 2019 | 30624355 |
| the gastrointestinal subsyndrome of the acute radiation syndrome in rhesus macaques: a systematic review of the lethal dose-response relationship with and without medical management. | well-characterized animal models that mimic the human response to potentially lethal doses of radiation are required to assess the efficacy of medical countermeasures under the criteria of the us food and drug administration's animal rule. development of a model for the gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome requires knowledge of the radiation dose-response relationship and time course of mortality and morbidity across the acute and prolonged gastrointestinal radiation syndrome. the nonhuman ... | 2019 | 30624353 |
| radiation nephropathy in a nonhuman primate model of partial-body irradiation with minimal bone marrow sparing-part 2: histopathology, mediators, and mechanisms. | male rhesus macaques were subjected to partial-body irradiation at 10, 11, or 12 gy with 5% bone marrow protection. animals were euthanized when dictated by prospectively determined clinical parameters or at approximately 180 d following irradiation. histological sections of kidney were stained with hematoxylin and eosin as well as a battery of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains. histopathological alterations were centered on glomerular changes and fibrosis of glomeruli and the interst ... | 2019 | 30624348 |
| plasma lipidomic signatures of spontaneous obese rhesus monkeys. | obesity plays crucial roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases such as hyperlipidemia, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld), and type 2 diabetes (t2d). the underlying mechanisms linking obesity to metabolic diseases are still less understandable. | 2019 | 30621707 |
| contrast sensitivity reveals an oculomotor strategy for temporally encoding space. | the contrast sensitivity function (csf), how sensitivity varies with the frequency of the stimulus, is a fundamental assessment of visual performance. the csf is generally assumed to be determined by low-level sensory processes. however, the spatial sensitivities of neurons in the early visual pathways, as measured in experiments with immobilized eyes, diverge from psychophysical csf measurements in primates. under natural viewing conditions, as in typical psychophysical measurements, humans con ... | 2019 | 30620333 |
| rotavirus is associated with decompensated diarrhea among young rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | diarrhea with secondary decompensation is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in captive young rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) colonies. approximately 25% of diarrhea cases with secondary decompensation are considered to be idiopathic chronic diarrhea. the purpose of this study was to investigate the suspected but not systematically examined association between rotavirus infection and diarrhea with secondary decompensation among young rhesus macaques at the california national primate rese ... | 2019 | 30620103 |
| white matter is the predilection site of late-delayed radiation-induced brain injury in non-human primates. | fractionated whole-brain irradiation for the treatment of intracranial neoplasia causes progressive neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. the long-term consequences of single-fraction high-dose irradiation to the brain are unknown. to assess the late effects of brain irradiation we compared transcriptomic gene expression profiles from nonhuman primates (nhp; rhesus macaques macaca mulatta) receiving single-fraction total-body irradiation (tbi; n = 5, 6.75-8.05 gy, 6-9 years prior to necropsy) ... | 2019 | 30694733 |
| persistent viral reservoirs in lymphoid tissues in siv-infected rhesus macaques of chinese-origin on suppressive antiretroviral therapy. | understanding hiv latent reservoirs in tissues is essential for the development of new strategies targeting these sites for eradication. here, we assessed the size of latent reservoirs and the source of residual viruses in multiple lymphoid tissues of siv-infected and fully suppressed rhesus macaques of chinese-origin (crms). eight crms were infected with sivmac251 and treated with tenofovir and emtricitabine daily for 24 weeks initiated 4 weeks post-infection. four of the eight animals reached ... | 2019 | 30691203 |
| a novel 18f-labeled radioligand for positron emission tomography imaging of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-hsd1): synthesis and preliminary evaluation in nonhuman primates. | 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-hsd1) catalyzes the conversion of cortisone to cortisol and controls a key pathway in the regulation of stress. studies have implicated 11β-hsd1 in metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes and obesity, as well as stress-related disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, such as depression and alzheimer's disease (ad). we have previously developed [11c]as2471907 as a pet radiotracer to image 11β-hsd1 in the brain of nonhuman primates and humans. how ... | 2019 | 30689943 |
| effects of reducing norepinephrine levels via dsp4 treatment on amyloid-β pathology in female rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | the degeneration in the locus coeruleus associated with alzheimer's disease suggests an involvement of the noradrenergic system in the disease pathogenesis. the role of depleted norepinephrine was tested in adult and aged rhesus macaques to develop a potential model for testing alzheimer's disease interventions. monkeys were injected with the noradrenergic neurotoxin n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (dsp4) or vehicle at 0, 3, and 6 months; brains were harvested at 9 months. reduced n ... | 2019 | 30689563 |
| lung and heart injury in a nonhuman primate model of partial-body irradiation with minimal bone marrow sparing: histopathological evidence of lung and heart injury. | male rhesus macaques were subjected to partial-body irradiation at 10, 11, or 12 gy with 5% bone marrow protection. animals were euthanized when dictated by prospectively determined clinical parameters or at approximately 180 d following irradiation. histological sections of lung and heart were stained with hematoxylin and eosin as well as a battery of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains. histopathological alterations in the lung were centered on fibrosis, inflammation, and reactive/pro ... | 2019 | 30688698 |
| a comparative dose-response relationship between sexes for mortality and morbidity of radiation-induced lung injury in the rhesus macaque. | radiation-induced lung injury is a characteristic, dose- and time-dependent sequela of potentially lethal, delayed effects of acute radiation exposure. understanding of these delayed effects to include development of medical countermeasures requires well-characterized and validated animal models that mimic the human response to acute radiation and adhere to the criteria of the us food and drug administration animal rule. the objective herein was to establish a nonhuman primate model of whole-tho ... | 2019 | 30688697 |
| early amygdala damage alters the way rhesus macaques process species-specific audio-visual vocalizations. | perceiving, integrating, and interpreting multimodal signals are essential for social success, but the neural substrates mediating these functions are not fully understood. this study examined the role of the amygdala in processing bimodal species-specific vocalizations using eye tracking in rhesus macaques. looking behavior of 6 adult rhesus monkeys with neonatal amygdala lesions (neo-aibo; 3m, 3f) was compared with that of 6 sham-operated controls (neo-c; 3m, 3f). two side-by-side videos of un ... | 2019 | 30688484 |
| the caudal part of putamen represents the historical object value information. | the basal ganglia, especially the circuits originating from the putamen, are essential for controlling normal body movements. notably, the putamen receives inputs not only from motor cortical areas but also from multiple sensory cortices. however, how these sensory signals are processed in the putamen remains unclear. we recorded the activity of tentative medium spiny neurons in the caudal part of the putamen when the monkey viewed many fractal objects. we found many neurons that responded to th ... | 2019 | 30573645 |
| comparative analysis of gammaherpesvirus circular rna repertoires: conserved and unique viral circular rnas. | recent studies have identified circular rnas (circrnas) expressed from the epstein-barr virus (ebv) and kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv) human dna tumor viruses. to gain initial insights into the potential relevance of ebv circrnas in virus biology and disease, we assessed the circrnaome of the interspecies homologue rhesus macaque lymphocryptovirus (rlcv) in a naturally occurring lymphoma from a simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected rhesus macaque. this analysis revealed rlcv ortholog ... | 2019 | 30567979 |
| synaptic adaptations in the central amygdala and hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus associated with protracted ethanol abstinence in male rhesus monkeys. | alcohol use disorder is a significant global burden. stress has been identified as an etiological factor in the initiation and continuation of ethanol consumption. understanding adaptations within stress circuitry is an important step toward novel treatment strategies. the effects of protracted abstinence following long-term ethanol self-administration on the central nucleus of the amygdala (cea) and the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (pvn) were evaluated in male rhesus monkeys. using whol ... | 2019 | 30555160 |
| a randomized controlled laboratory study on the long-term effects of methylphenidate on cardiovascular function and structure in rhesus monkeys. | whether long-term methylphenidate (mph) results in any changes in cardiovascular function or structure can only be properly addressed through a randomized trial using an animal model which permits elevated dosing over an extended period of time. | 2019 | 30555154 |
| absence of spontaneous regeneration of endogenous pancreatic β-cells after chemical-induced diabetes and no effect of gaba on α-to-β cell transdifferentiation in rhesus monkeys. | β-cell deficiency is common feature of type 1 and late-stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus. thus, β-cell replacement therapy has been the focus of regenerative medicine past several decades. particularly, evidences suggest that β-cell regeneration via transdifferentiation from sources including α-cells is promising. however, data using higher mammals besides rodents are scarce. here, we examined whether endogenous pancreatic β-cells could regenerate spontaneously or under normoglycemia following p ... | 2019 | 30553443 |
| role of mu-opioid agonist efficacy on antinociceptive interactions between mu agonists and the nociceptin opioid peptide agonist ro 64-6198 in rhesus monkeys. | mu-opioid receptor agonists are clinically effective analgesics, but also produce undesirable effects that limit their clinical utility. the nociceptin opioid peptide (nop) receptor system also modulates nociception, and nop agonists might be useful adjuncts to enhance the analgesic effects or attenuate the undesirable effects of mu-opioid agonists. the present study determined behavioral interactions between the nop agonist (-)-ro 64-6198 and mu-opioid ligands that vary in mu-opioid receptor ef ... | 2019 | 30552903 |
| periventricular microglial cells interact with dividing precursor cells in the nonhuman primate and rodent prenatal cerebral cortex. | cortical proliferative zones have been studied for over 100 years, yet recent data have revealed that microglial cells constitute a sizeable proportion of ventricular zone cells during late stages of cortical neurogenesis. microglia begin colonizing the forebrain after neural tube closure and during later stages of neurogenesis populate regions of the developing cortex that include the proliferative zones. we previously showed that microglia regulate the production of cortical cells by phagocyto ... | 2019 | 30552670 |
| vaccine-induced protection from homologous tier 2 shiv challenge in nonhuman primates depends on serum-neutralizing antibody titers. | passive administration of hiv neutralizing antibodies (nabs) can protect macaques from hard-to-neutralize (tier 2) chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency virus (shiv) challenge. however, conditions for nab-mediated protection after vaccination have not been established. here, we selected groups of 6 rhesus macaques with either high or low serum nab titers from a total of 78 animals immunized with recombinant native-like (sosip) env trimers. repeat intrarectal challenge with homologous tier 2 shi ... | 2019 | 30552025 |
| preference for attractive faces is species-specific. | studies on facial attractiveness in human adults, infants, and newborns have consistently reported a visual preference for faces rated as attractive compared with faces rated as unattractive. biological accounts of facial attractiveness have typically presented such preferences as arising from adaptations for mate choice or as by-products of general sensory bias. in this cross-species study, we examined whether explicit ratings of attractiveness made by human judges would predict implicit visual ... | 2019 | 30550303 |
| detecting neurodevelopmental effects of early-gestation ethanol exposure: a nonhuman primate model of ethanol drinking during pregnancy. | gestational ethanol (etoh) exposure is associated with multiple developmental abnormalities, collectively termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (fasd). while the majority of women abstain from etoh following knowledge of pregnancy, one contributing factor to the high fasd prevalence is that pregnancy is not detected until 4 to 6 weeks. thus, etoh consumption continues during the initial stages of fetal development. | 2019 | 30549282 |
| the frequency of vaccine-induced t-cell responses does not predict the rate of acquisition after repeated intrarectal sivmac239 challenges in mamu-b*08+ rhesus macaques. | approximately 50% of rhesus macaques (rms) expressing the major histocompatibility complex class i (mhc-i) allele mamu-b*08 spontaneously control chronic-phase viremia after infection with the pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus mac239 (sivmac239) clone. cd8+ t-cell responses in these animals are focused on immunodominant mamu-b*08-restricted siv epitopes in vif and nef, and prophylactic vaccination with these epitopes increases the incidence of elite control in sivmac239-infected mamu-b*08 ... | 2019 | 30541854 |
| coadministration of ch31 broadly neutralizing antibody does not affect development of vaccine-induced anti-hiv-1 envelope antibody responses in infant rhesus macaques. | prevention of mother-to-child transmission (mtct) is an indispensable component in combatting the global aids epidemic. a combination of passive broadly neutralizing antibody (bnab) infusion and active vaccination promises to provide protection of infants against mtct from birth through the breastfeeding period and could prime the immune system for lifelong immunity. in this study, we investigate the impact of a single infusion of cd4 binding site (cd4bs) bnab administered at birth on de novo an ... | 2019 | 30541851 |
| novel modified vaccinia virus ankara vector expressing anti-apoptotic gene b13r delays apoptosis and enhances humoral responses. | modified vaccinia virus ankara (mva), an attenuated poxvirus, has been developed as a potential vaccine vector for use against cancer and multiple infectious diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). mva is highly immunogenic and elicits strong cellular and humoral responses in preclinical models and humans. however, there is potential to further enhance the immunogenicity of mva, as mva-infected cells undergo rapid apoptosis, leading to faster clearance of recombinant antigens and ... | 2019 | 30541829 |
| spike detection and spike sorting with a hidden markov model improves offline decoding of motor cortical recordings. | detection and sorting (classification) of action potentials from extracellular recordings are two important pre-processing steps for brain-computer interfaces (bcis) and some neuroscientific studies. traditional approaches perform these two steps serially, but using shapes of action potential waveforms during detection, i.e. combining the two steps, may lead to better performance, especially during high noise. we propose a hidden markov model (hmm) based method for combined detecting and sorting ... | 2019 | 30523823 |
| a comparative study of the pharmacokinetics of clozapine n-oxide and clozapine n-oxide hydrochloride salt in rhesus macaques. | translating chemogenetic techniques from nonhuman primates to potential clinical applications has been complicated in part due to in vivo conversion of the chemogenetic actuator, clozapine n-oxide (cno), to its pharmacologically active parent compound, clozapine, a ligand with known side effects, including five boxed warnings from the food and drug administration. additionally, the limited solubility of cno requires high concentrations of potentially toxic detergents such as dimethylsulfoxide (d ... | 2019 | 30523062 |
| comparison of vaccination with rhesus cmv (rhcmv) soluble gb with a rhcmv replication-defective virus deleted for mhc class i immune evasion genes in a rhcmv challenge model. | a human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) vaccine to prevent infection and/or reduce disease associated with congenital infection or visceral disease in transplant recipients is a high priority, but has remained elusive. we created a disabled infectious single cycle rhesus cmv (rhcmv) deleted for glycoprotein l (gl) and the mhc class i immune evasion genes rh178 and rh182-189, and restored its epithelial cell tropism by inserting the rh128-131a genes. the resulting virus, rhcmvrδgl/178/182-189, was used to ... | 2019 | 30522906 |
| 13c-lutein is differentially distributed in tissues of an adult female rhesus macaque following a single oral administration: a pilot study. | despite the growing awareness regarding lutein's putative roles in eyes and brain, its pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in primates have been poorly understood. we hypothesized that 13c-lutein will be differentially distributed into tissues of an adult rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) 3 days following a single oral dose. after a year of prefeeding a diet supplemented with unlabeled lutein (1 μmol/kg/d), a 19-year-old female was dosed with 1.92 mg of highly enriched 13c-lutein. tissues of ... | 2019 | 30522845 |
| transfer function of the rhesus macaque oculomotor system for small-amplitude slow motion trajectories. | two main types of small eye movements occur during gaze fixation: microsaccades and slow ocular drifts. while microsaccade generation has been relatively well studied, ocular drift control mechanisms are unknown. here we explored the degree to which monkey smooth eye movements, on the velocity scale of slow ocular drifts, can be generated systematically. two male rhesus macaque monkeys tracked a spot moving sinusoidally, but slowly, along the horizontal or vertical direction. maximum target disp ... | 2019 | 30540500 |
| human cytomegalovirus-vectored vaccines against hiv. | cmv-vectored vaccines expressing siv antigens have mediated unprecedented levels of virus control following siv challenge in rhesus macaques. remarkably, protection was dependent on nonclassically restricted cd8 t cells. here, we review the latest research in cmv-vectored vaccines in both humans and nonhuman primates as well as recent advances in the understanding nonclassically restricted t cells, particularly mhc-e-restricted cd8 t cells. | 2019 | 30562176 |
| social status alters chromatin accessibility and the gene regulatory response to glucocorticoid stimulation in rhesus macaques. | low social status is an important predictor of disease susceptibility and mortality risk in humans and other social mammals. these effects are thought to stem in part from dysregulation of the glucocorticoid (gc)-mediated stress response. however, the molecular mechanisms that connect low social status and gc dysregulation to downstream health outcomes remain elusive. here, we used an in vitro gc challenge to investigate the consequences of experimentally manipulated social status (i.e., dominan ... | 2019 | 30538209 |
| quality, bioactivity study, and preclinical acute toxicity, safety pharmacology evaluation of pegylated recombinant human endostatin (m2 es). | endostar, a potent endogenous antiangiogenic factor, is wildly used in clinics. however, it was easily degraded by enzymes and rapidly cleared by the kidneys. to overcome these shortcomings, pegylated recombinant human endostatin was developed. in this study, the purity of m2 es was evaluated by silver stain and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. ultraviolet spectrum was used to examine the structural of m2 es and endostar. the bioactivity and antitumor efficacy of m2 es were ... | 2019 | 30536793 |
| a novel large animal model of recurrent migraine established by repeated administration of inflammatory soup into the dura mater of the rhesus monkey. | several animal models of migraine have been established, and those based on trigeminovascular system activation are widely accepted. however, most of these models have been established on lower animals, such as rodents, and involve only a single administration of a noxious stimulus. in this study, an inflammatory soup (10 μl), consisting of prostaglandin e2 (0.2 mm), serotonin (2 mm), bradykinin (2 mm) and histamine (2 mm), was injected into the dura mater of conscious rhesus monkeys through an ... | 2019 | 30531083 |
| changes in endogenous dopamine induced by methylphenidate predict functional connectivity in nonhuman primates. | dopamine (da) levels in the striatum are increased by many therapeutic drugs, such as methylphenidate (mph), which also alters behavioral and cognitive functions thought to be controlled by the pfc dose-dependently. we linked da changes and functional connectivity (fc) using simultaneous [18f]fallypride pet and resting-state fmri in awake male rhesus monkeys after oral administration of various doses of mph. we found a negative correlation between [18f]fallypride nondisplaceable binding potentia ... | 2019 | 30530859 |
| evolutionarily significant a-to-i rna editing events originated through g-to-a mutations in primates. | recent studies have revealed thousands of a-to-i rna editing events in primates, but the origination and general functions of these events are not well addressed. | 2019 | 30712515 |
| nicotine-like discriminative stimulus effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and a muscarinic receptor agonist in rhesus monkeys. | acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibitors and positive allosteric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) modulators are potential pharmacotherapies for nicotine dependence. because some smoking cessation aids (e.g. varenicline) appear to work by mimicking the effects of nicotine, we used drug discrimination to examine whether ache inhibitors and nachr allosteric modulators mimic the effects of nicotine. rhesus monkeys discriminated 1.78 mg/kg of nicotine s.c. under an fr5 schedule of stimulus-sho ... | 2019 | 30712397 |
| eye position error influence over "open-loop" smooth pursuit initiation. | the oculomotor system integrates a variety of visual signals into appropriate motor plans, but such integration can have widely varying time scales. for example, smooth pursuit eye movements to follow a moving target are slower and longer lasting than saccadic eye movements and it has been suggested that initiating a smooth pursuit eye movement involves an obligatory "open-loop" interval in which new visual motion signals presumably cannot influence the ensuing motor plan for up to 100 ms after ... | 2019 | 30709895 |
| probability distortion depends on choice sequence in rhesus monkeys. | humans and other primates share many decision biases, among them our subjective distortion of objective probabilities. when making choices between uncertain rewards we typically treat probabilities nonlinearly: overvaluing low probabilities of reward and undervaluing high ones. a growing body of evidence, however, points to a more flexible pattern of distortion than the classical inverse-s one, highlighting the effect of experimental conditions in shifting the weight assigned to probabilities, s ... | 2019 | 30705103 |
| anti-drug antibody responses impair prophylaxis mediated by aav-delivered hiv-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies. | adeno-associated virus (aav) delivery of potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnabs is a promising approach for the prevention of hiv-1 infection. the immunoglobulin g (igg)1 subtype is usually selected for this application, because it efficiently mediates antibody effector functions and has a somewhat longer half-life. however, the use of igg1-fc has been associated with the generation of anti-drug antibodies (adas) that correlate with loss of antibody expression. in contrast, we have sh ... | 2019 | 30704961 |
| identification of variable and joining germline genes and alleles for rhesus macaque from b cell receptor repertoires. | the rhesus macaque is a valuable preclinical animal model to estimate vaccine effectiveness and is also important for understanding ab maturation and b cell repertoire evolution responding to vaccination. however, incomplete mapping of rhesus ig germline genes hinders the research efforts. to address this deficiency, we sequenced the bcr repertoires of 75 indian rhesus macaques. using a bioinformatic method that has been validated with bcr repertoire analysis of three human donors, we were able ... | 2019 | 30700589 |
| modeling diverse responses to filled and outline shapes in macaque v4. | visual area v4 is an important midlevel cortical processing stage that subserves object recognition in primates. studies investigating shape coding in v4 have largely probed neuronal responses with filled shapes, i.e., shapes defined by both a boundary and an interior fill. as a result, we do not know whether form-selective v4 responses are dictated by boundary features alone or if interior fill is also important. we studied 43 v4 neurons in two male macaque monkeys ( macaca mulatta) with a set ... | 2019 | 30699004 |
| temporal patterns of gene regulation and upstream regulators contributing to major developmental transitions during rhesus macaque preimplantation development. | the preimplantation period of life in mammals encompasses a tremendous amount of restructuring and remodeling of the embryonic genome and reprogramming of gene expression. these vast changes support metabolic activation and cellular processes that drive early cleavage divisions and enable the creation of the earliest primitive cell lineages. a major question in mammalian embryology is how such vast, sweeping changes in gene expression are orchestrated, so that changes in gene expression are exac ... | 2019 | 30698740 |
| discriminative stimulus effects and metabolism of ethanol in rhesus monkeys. | animal models are an essential feature of drug and pharmacotherapy development for treating alcohol use disorders (auds). the rhesus macaque is a robust animal model for many aspects of auds particularly in exploiting individual differences in oral self-administration of ethanol (etoh), endocrine orchestration of stress response, and menstrual cycle characteristics. however, the clearance rates of etoh have not been reported in this species, and the gabaa and n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptor ... | 2019 | 31237691 |
| chondroitinase improves anatomical and functional outcomes after primate spinal cord injury. | inhibitory extracellular matrices form around mature neurons as perineuronal nets containing chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans that limit axonal sprouting after cns injury. the enzyme chondroitinase (chase) degrades inhibitory chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and improves axonal sprouting and functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rodents. we evaluated the effects of chase in rhesus monkeys that had undergone c7 spinal cord hemisection. four weeks after hemisection, we administered mul ... | 2019 | 31235933 |
| bisphenol a-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and dna damage in cultured rhesus monkey embryo renal epithelial marc-145 cells. | bisphenol a (bpa) is widely used in the production of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. under harsh situations, these plastics likely desorb bpa, which then can seep into the environment. various concentrations of bpa have been detected in most biological fluid. however, there is paucity of information on the detrimental effects of bpa and its subsequent cellular events in chronic kidney disease (ckd). hence, in this in vitro study, we aimed to investigate the effects of bpa on renal epit ... | 2019 | 31234085 |
| comparative analyses of chromatin landscape in white adipose tissue suggest humans may have less beigeing potential than other primates. | humans carry a much larger percentage of body fat than other primates. despite the central role of adipose tissue in metabolism, little is known about the evolution of white adipose tissue in primates. phenotypic divergence is often caused by genetic divergence in cis-regulatory regions. we examined the cis-regulatory landscape of fat during human origins by performing comparative analyses of chromatin accessibility in human and chimpanzee adipose tissue using rhesus macaque as an outgroup. we f ... | 2019 | 31233101 |
| what can we learn about human individual face recognition from experimental studies in monkeys? | typical human adults recognize numerous individuals from their faces accurately, rapidly and automatically, reaching a level of expertise at individual face recognition that is important for the quality of their social interactions. a non-human species of primates, the rhesus monkey, has been used for decades as a model of human face processing, in particular for understanding the neural basis of individual face recognition. however, despite responding specifically to faces behaviourally and neu ... | 2019 | 31230664 |
| in vitro culture of rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) embryos. | production of nonhuman primate (nhp) embryos in vitro begins with recovery of gametes. females undergo a controlled ovary stimulation to produce multiple preovulatory follicles from which oocytes may be recovered. mature ova are subjected to in vitro fertilization (ivf) and presumptive zygotes are cultured to the intended stage of development. essential to this practice is the culture medium unique to each step in the process. here we describe medium preparation, oocyte recovery, in vitro fertil ... | 2019 | 31230291 |
| a parameterized digital 3d model of the rhesus macaque face for investigating the visual processing of social cues. | rhesus macaques are the most popular model species for studying the neural basis of visual face processing and social interaction using intracranial methods. however, the challenge of creating realistic, dynamic, and parametric macaque face stimuli has limited the experimental control and ethological validity of existing approaches. | 2019 | 31229584 |
| dosing and formulation of antenatal corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation and gene expression in rhesus macaques. | antenatal corticosteroids (ans) are the major intervention to decrease respiratory distress syndrome and mortality from premature birth and are standard of care. the use of ans is expanding to include new indications and gestational ages, although the recommended dosing was never optimized. the most widely used treatment is two intramuscular doses of a 1:1 mixture of betamethasone-phosphate (beta-p) and betamethasone-acetate (beta-ac) - the clinical drug. we tested in a primate model the efficac ... | 2019 | 31227752 |
| daratumumab in sensitized kidney transplantation: potentials and limitations of experimental and clinical use. | donor-specific antibodies are associated with increased risk of antibody-mediated rejection and decreased allograft survival. therefore, reducing the risk of these antibodies remains a clinical need in transplantation. plasma cells are a logical target of therapy given their critical role in antibody production. | 2019 | 31227636 |
| pharmacokinetics of a long-lasting, highly concentrated buprenorphine solution after subcutaneous administration in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | opioids are essential for use in rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) that require multimodal analgesia or those unable to receive nsaid as part of their pain management plan. the current opioid epidemic has universally limited the availability of these vital analgesics, compelling clinicians to investigate other options including novel opioid formulations. a commercially available injectable, long-lasting, highly concentrated buprenorphine solution (hcbs) provides therapeutic plasma concentrations ... | 2019 | 31227029 |
| the levels of the nmda receptor co-agonist d-serine are reduced in the substantia nigra of mptp-lesioned macaques and in the cerebrospinal fluid of parkinson's disease patients. | dysfunction of nmda receptor (nmdar)-mediated transmission is supposed to contribute to the motor and non-motor symptoms of parkinson's disease (pd), and to l-dopa-induced dyskinesia. besides the main agonist l-glutamate, two other amino acids in the atypical d-configuration, d-serine and d-aspartate, activate nmdars. in the present work, we investigated the effect of dopamine depletion on d-amino acids metabolism in the brain of mptp-lesioned macaca mulatta, and in the serum and cerebrospinal f ... | 2019 | 31222058 |
| the role of human cd46 in early xenoislet engraftment in a dual transplant model. | membrane cofactor protein cd46 attenuates the complement cascade by facilitating cleavage of c3b and c4b. in solid organ xenotransplantation, organs expressing cd46 have been shown to resist hyperacute rejection. however, the incremental value of human cd46 expression for islet xenotransplantation remains poorly defined. | 2019 | 31219218 |
| individual neurons in the cingulate cortex encode action monitoring, not selection, during adaptive decision-making. | the cingulate cortex contributes to complex, adaptive behaviors, but the exact nature of its contributions remains unresolved. proposals from previous studies, including evaluating past actions or selecting future ones, have been difficult to distinguish in part because of an incomplete understanding of the task-relevant variables that are encoded by individual cingulate neurons. in this study, we recorded from individual neurons in parts of both the anterior cingulate cortex (acc) and posterior ... | 2019 | 31217329 |
| simian-human immunodeficiency virus shiv.ch505 infection of rhesus macaques results in persistent viral replication and induces intestinal immunopathology. | simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (shivs) have been utilized to test vaccine efficacy and characterize mechanisms of viral transmission and pathogenesis. however, the majority of shivs currently available have significant limitations in that they were developed using sequences from chronically hiv-infected individuals or uncommon hiv subtypes or were optimized for the macaque model by serially passaging the engineered virus in vitro or in vivo recently, a newly developed shiv, shiv.c.ch505.3 ... | 2019 | 31217249 |
| safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of the therapeutic monoclonal antibody mab114 targeting ebola virus glycoprotein (vrc 608): an open-label phase 1 study. | mab114 is a single monoclonal antibody that targets the receptor-binding domain of ebola virus glycoprotein, which prevents mortality in rhesus macaques treated after lethal challenge with zaire ebolavirus. here we present expedited data from vrc 608, a phase 1 study to evaluate mab114 safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. | 2019 | 30686586 |
| omip-052: an 18-color panel for measuring th1, th2, th17, and tfh responses in rhesus macaques. | 2019 | 30681265 | |
| identification of premeiotic, meiotic, and postmeiotic cells in testicular biopsies without sperm from sertoli cell-only syndrome patients. | sertoli cell-only syndrome (scos) affects about 26.3⁻57.8% of azoospermic men, with their seminiferous tubules containing only sertoli cells. recently, it was reported that testicular biopsies from nonobstructive azoospermic (noa) patients contained germ cells, and that sperm could be found in the tubules of 20% of scos patients using testicular sperm extraction technology. since the patients without sperm in their testicular biopsies do not have therapy to help them to father a biological child ... | 2019 | 30678285 |
| predicting efavirenz concentrations in the brain tissue of hiv-infected individuals and exploring their relationship to neurocognitive impairment. | sparse data exist on the penetration of antiretrovirals into brain tissue. in this work, we present a framework to use efavirenz (efv) pharmacokinetic (pk) data in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (csf), and brain tissue of eight rhesus macaques to predict brain tissue concentrations in hiv-infected individuals. we then perform exposure-response analysis with the model-predicted efv area under the concentration-time curve (auc) and neurocognitive scores collected from a group of 24 hiv-infected parti ... | 2019 | 30675981 |
| macaque monkeys learn by observation in the ghost display condition in the object-in-place task with differential reward to the observer. | observational learning has been investigated in monkeys mainly using conspecifics or humans as models to observe. some studies attempted to clarify the social agent's role and to test whether non-human primates could learn from observation of a non-social agent, usually mentioned as a 'ghost display' condition, but they reported conflicting results. to address this question, we trained three rhesus monkeys in an object-in-place task consisting of the presentation of five subsequent problems comp ... | 2019 | 30674953 |
| cytomegalovirus vectors expressing plasmodium knowlesi antigens induce immune responses that delay parasitemia upon sporozoite challenge. | the development of a sterilizing vaccine against malaria remains one of the highest priorities for global health research. while sporozoite vaccines targeting the pre-erythrocytic stage show great promise, it has not been possible to maintain efficacy long-term, likely due to an inability of these vaccines to maintain effector memory t cell responses in the liver. vaccines based on human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) might overcome this limitation since vectors based on rhesus cmv (rhcmv), the homologo ... | 2019 | 30673723 |
| s-cone photoreceptors in the primate retina are functionally distinct from l and m cones. | daylight vision starts with signals in three classes of cone photoreceptors sensitive to short (s), middle (m), and long (l) wavelengths. psychophysical studies show that perceptual sensitivity to rapidly varying inputs differs for signals originating in s cones versus l and m cones; notably, s-cone signals appear perceptually delayed relative to l- and m-cone signals. these differences could originate in the cones themselves or in the post-cone circuitry. to determine if the cones could contrib ... | 2019 | 30672735 |
| molecular characterization of entamoeba spp. in wild taihangshan macaques (macaca mulatta tcheliensis) in china. | entamoeba spp. is one of the most common enteric parasites of humans and animals. | 2019 | 30671772 |
| blinded by the light: a nonhuman primate model of achromatopsia. | achromatopsia is an inherited retinal degeneration characterized by the loss of cone photoreceptor function. in this issue of the jci, moshiri et al. characterize a naturally occurring model of the disease in the rhesus macaque caused by homozygous mutations in the phototransduction enzyme pde6c. using retinal imaging, and electrophysiologic and biochemical methods, the authors report a clinical phenotype nearly identical to the human condition. these findings represent the first genetic nonhuma ... | 2019 | 30667378 |
| a behavioral face preference deficit in a monkey with an incomplete face patch system. | primates are experts in face perception and naturally show a preference for faces under free-viewing conditions. the primate ventral stream is characterized by a network of face patches that selectively responds to faces, but it remains uncertain how important such parcellation is for face perception. here we investigated free-viewing behavior in a female monkey who naturally lacks fmri-defined posterior and middle lateral face patches. we presented a series of content-rich images of scenes that ... | 2019 | 30665007 |
| prevention of tuberculosis infection and disease by local bcg in repeatedly exposed rhesus macaques. | tuberculosis (tb) remains the deadliest infectious disease1, and the widely used bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine fails to curb the epidemic. an improved vaccination strategy could provide a cost-effective intervention to break the transmission cycle and prevent antimicrobial resistance2,3. limited knowledge of the host responses critically involved in protective immunity hampers the development of improved tb vaccination regimens. therefore, assessment of new strategies in preclinical mod ... | 2019 | 30664782 |
| correction for mavigner et al., "simian immunodeficiency virus persistence in cellular and anatomic reservoirs in antiretroviral therapy-suppressed infant rhesus macaques". | 2019 | 30655382 | |
| simian immunodeficiency virus transiently increases brain temperature in rhesus monkeys: detection with magnetic resonance spectroscopy thermometry. | to evaluate brain temperature effects of early simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) infection in rhesus macaques using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (mrs) thermometry (mrst) and to determine whether temperature correlates with brain choline or myo-inositol levels. | 2019 | 30652349 |