Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| therapeutic and persistent efficacy of a long-acting (la) formulation of ivermectin against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) and sera concentration through time in treated cattle. | the concentration-time profile, therapeutic, and persistent efficacy of a single subcutaneous injection of cattle with a long-acting (la) formulation of ivermectin at a concentration of 630microg/kg of body weight were determined against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. ivermectin sera concentration in treated cattle increased to 13.0ppb within 1d after treatment, and peaked at 26.2ppb at 11d post-treatment. ivermectin sera levels remained above the threshold level for control of feeding tic ... | 2010 | 20080349 |
| differential expression of genes in salivary glands of male rhipicephalus (boophilus)microplus in response to infection with anaplasma marginale. | bovine anaplasmosis, caused by the rickettsial tick-borne pathogen anaplasma marginale (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae), is vectored by rhipicephalus (boophilus)microplus in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world. a. marginale undergoes a complex developmental cycle in ticks which results in infection of salivary glands from where the pathogen is transmitted to cattle. in previous studies, we reported modification of gene expression in dermacentor variabilis and cultured ixodes scapu ... | 2010 | 20298599 |
| laboratory and field evaluation of metarhizium anisopliae (deuteromycotina: hyphomycetes) for the control of rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) in the mexican tropics. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of metarhizium anisopliae to control rhipicephalus microplus under laboratory and field conditions (larvae on vegetation) in the mexican tropics. in the laboratory study, ma34, ma14 and a mixture of ma34+ma14 strains of m. anisopliae were evaluated for their control of the adult and larval stages of r. microplus, using the adult and larval immersion test respectively. the reproductive efficiency index of engorged females was determined in t ... | 2010 | 20299149 |
| identification of a tsetse fly salivary protein with dual inhibitory action on human platelet aggregation. | tsetse flies (glossina sp.), the african trypanosome vectors, rely on anti-hemostatic compounds for efficient blood feeding. despite their medical importance, very few salivary proteins have been characterized and functionally annotated. | 2010 | 20351782 |
| virulence of mexican isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) upon rhipicephalus=boophilus microplus (acari: ixodidae) larvae and the efficacy of conidia formulations to reduce larval tick density under field conditions. | the first objective was laboratory evaluation of the virulence of 53 mexican isolates of fungi against larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. thirty-three isolates of metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (metschnickoff) sorokin (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) and 20 isolates of isaria (paecilomyces) fumosorosea (fumosoroseus) (wize) (eurotiales: trichomaceae) were tested on 7-day-old larvae under laboratory conditions. larvae were immersed in a suspension containing 10(8)conidia/ml and ... | 2010 | 20359827 |
| [action of extract and oil neem in the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) (acari: ixodidae) in laboratory]. | organic plant extracts and emulsified oil of azadirachta indica a. juss (meliaceae) (neem) were studied to evaluate its effects in control of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) in the laboratory. hexane and alcoholic organic extracts, 2% (weight/volume) were used in tests of immersion for 5 minutes, prepared with seeds, solubilized in dimethylsulfoxide (dmso) to 1%. the experiment was entirely randomized, consisting of 6 treatments and 5 replicates, each r ... | 2010 | 20385059 |
| cold storage and cryopreservation of tick cell lines. | abstract: | 2010 | 20388200 |
| comparative microarray analysis of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus expression profiles of larvae pre-attachment and feeding adult female stages on bos indicus and bos taurus cattle. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an obligate blood feeder which is host specific to cattle. existing knowledge pertaining to the host or host breed effects on tick transcript expression profiles during the tick - host interaction is poor. | 2010 | 20637126 |
| suppressive subtractive hybridization analysis of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus larval and adult transcript expression during attachment and feeding. | ticks, as blood-feeding ectoparasites, affect their hosts both directly and as vectors of viral, bacterial and protozoal diseases. the tick's mode of feeding means it must maintain intimate contact with the host in the face of host defensive responses for a prolonged time. the parasite-host interactions are characterized by the host response and parasite counter-response which result in a highly complex biological system that is barely understood. we conducted transcriptomic analyses utilizing s ... | 2010 | 19836138 |
| modulation of cutaneous inflammation induced by ticks in contrasting phenotypes of infestation in bovines. | tick saliva contains molecules that are inoculated at the site of attachment on their hosts in order to modulate local immune responses and facilitate a successful blood meal. bovines express heritable, contrasting phenotypes of infestations with the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus: breeds of bos taurus indicus are significantly more resistant than those of bos taurus taurus. tick saliva may contain molecules that interfere with adhesion of leukocytes to endothelium and resistan ... | 2010 | 19836891 |
| evaluation of medicinal plant extracts against blood-sucking parasites. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol dried leaf, flower, and seed extracts of cassia auriculata l., rhinacanthus nasutus kurz., solanum torvum swartz, terminalia chebula retz., and vitex negundo linn. were tested against larvae of cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus canestrini, 1887 (acari: ixodidae), adult of haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann, 1897 (acarina: ix ... | 2010 | 20306205 |
| acaricidal activity of extracts from petiveria alliacea (phytolaccaceae) against the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the acaricidal activity of crude extracts and fractions from stems and leaves of petiveria alliacea (phytolaccaceae) was carried out on larvae and adults of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus using the larval immersion test (lit) and adult immersion test (ait), respectively. methanolic extracts of stems and leaves of p. alliacea showed 100% mortality on the lit bioassay. on the other hand, methanolic extracts of leaves and stem on the ait test showed 26% and 86% of mortality, re ... | 2010 | 20042296 |
| rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus: clotting time in tick-infested skin varies according to local inflammation and gene expression patterns in tick salivary glands. | ticks deposit saliva at the site of their attachment to a host in order to inhibit haemostasis, inflammation and innate and adaptive immune responses. the anti-haemostatic properties of tick saliva have been described by many studies, but few show that tick infestations or its anti-haemostatic components exert systemic effects in vivo. in the present study, we extended these observations and show that, compared with normal skin, bovine hosts that are genetically susceptible to tick infestations ... | 2010 | 20045690 |
| novel technique for quantifying adhesion of metarhizium anisopliae conidia to the tick cuticle. | the present study describes an accurate quantitative method for quantifying the adherence of conidia to the arthropod cuticle and the dynamics of conidial germination on the host. the method was developed using conidia of metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae (metschn.) sorokin (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) and engorged rhipicephalus annulatus (say) (arachnida: ixodidae) females and was also verified for m. anisopliae var. acridum driver et milner (hypocreales: clavicipitaceae) and alphitobius ... | 2010 | 20363785 |
| rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) resistance to fipronil in uruguay evaluated by in vitro bioassays. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus obtained from four local populations in uruguay (2007-2008) were subjected to various bioassay techniques to determine the presence of fipronil resistance within the country. resistance ratios (rrs) obtained by larval immersion test varied between 3.3 and 3635 for tick populations subjected to treatment with fipronil for the last 3-7 years. the highest rr was observed in the population which received fewer treatments. using discriminating concentration (8ppm) ... | 2010 | 20056329 |
| first report of the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus resistant to ivermectin in mexico. | three cattle farms with ticks, rhipicephalus microplus, thought to be resistant to ivermectin in yucatan, mexico were studied (sfdo, spn, luady). each field-population was collected and tested twice several months apart. the larval immersion test was used on the progeny of collected adult females to test the susceptibility to ivermectin. dose-mortality regressions, lethal concentrations (lc), their confidence intervals and slope were estimated by probit analysis. resistance ratios (rr) were dete ... | 2010 | 19951828 |
| experimental vaccination of sheep and cattle against tick infestation using recombinant 5'-nucleotidase. | limited prior evidence suggests that 5'-nucleotidase, an ectoenzyme principally located in the malpighian tubules of the tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, could be an effective antigen in an anti-tick vaccine. to assess this, recombinant 5'-nucleotidase was expressed in escherichia coli and used in vaccination trials with both sheep and cattle. vaccinated sheep were challenged with freshly moulted adult ticks. those with high titres of anti-nucleotidase antibodies showed significant prot ... | 2010 | 20070827 |
| functional genomics tool: gene silencing in ixodes scapularis eggs and nymphs by electroporated dsrna. | ticks are blood-sucking arthropods responsible for transmitting a wide variety of disease-causing agents, and constitute important public health threats globally. ixodes scapularis is the primary vector of the lyme disease agent in the eastern and central u.s. rnai is a mechanism by which gene-specific double-stranded rna (dsrna) triggers degradation of homologous mrna transcripts. here, we describe an optimized protocol for effectively suppressing gene expression in the egg and nymphal stages o ... | 2010 | 20074328 |
| acaricide and ovicide activities of thymol on engorged females and eggs of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the present work had the objective of evaluating the influence of different concentrations of thymol on the biological parameters of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and also its ovicide activity on eggs of this tick. in order to carry out the work, four groups were formed, each containing 20 engorged females, which were immersed for 5 min in different concentrations of thymol (1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) and a control group (water + dimethylsulfoxide). the following biological ... | 2010 | 20076973 |
| rotation of treatments between spinosad and amitraz for the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus populations with amitraz resistance. | a farmlet study was conducted over 4 years in which three treatments were applied to six groups of holstein dairy calves. calves in each group were infested with equal numbers of n-strain (susceptible) and ultimo strain (amitraz and synthetic pyrethroid resistant) tick larvae to establish self-sustaining populations with an initial, measurable level of resistance to amitraz. standard counts of all ticks between 4.5 and 8.0mm diameter on one side of each animal were made each week and treatment w ... | 2010 | 20079571 |
| haemolymph protein and lipid profile of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infected by fungi. | the current study evaluates the protein and lipid profile of haemolymph of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus engorged females infected by metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana or fusarium oxysporum. ticks were immersed or inoculated with conidial suspension. haemolymph was collected from the dorsal surface of engorged females. the results showed altered total protein amounts; however, no significant difference was observed on electrophoretic profile among haemolymph samples. in addition, ... | 2010 | 20537114 |
| humoral immune response of dairy cattle immunized with rbm95 (ku-vac1) derived from thai rhipicephalus microplus. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an important cause of economic losses in thailand through direct effects of feeding on cattle and pathogen transmission. current tick control methods rely on expensive chemical acaricides that result in environmental contamination, residues in food animal products and acaricide-resistant ticks. anti-tick vaccines based on concealed antigens have shown promising results in the control of cattle tick. thus, recombinant bm95 (rbm95) from thai r. microplus (ku- ... | 2010 | 20537117 |
| immunization of rabbits with recombinant serine protease inhibitor reduces the performance of adult female rhipicephalus microplus. | molecules secreted from the tick salivary gland modulate the vertebrate host immune response, thus representing potential targets for novel tick control measures. tick salivary gland serine protease inhibitor (serpin) is one such molecule that may facilitate tick feeding, blood meal digestion and pathogen transmission. the objective of this study was to determine the immunogenicity and protection of recombinant rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus salivary gland serpin (rserpin) in rabbits. rabbi ... | 2010 | 20537119 |
| ticks (acari: ixodoidea: argasidae, ixodidae) of china. | this paper presents results of an investigation and listing of tick species found in china during a survey in all 28 provinces. this will be a step towards a definitive list of tick species and their distribution. to date, the tick fauna of this area consists of 117 species in the following families: argasidae-argas (7 species), carios (4 species) and ornithodoros (2 species); ixodidae-amblyomma (8 species), anomalohimalaya (2 species), dermacentor (12 species), haemaphysalis (44 species), hyalo ... | 2010 | 20101443 |
| local immune response against larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus in bos taurus indicus and bos taurus taurus cattle. | bos taurus indicus cattle are less susceptible to infestation with rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus than bos taurus taurus cattle but the immunological basis of this difference is not understood. we compared the dynamics of leukocyte infiltrations (t cell subsets, b cells, major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii-expressing cells, granulocytes) in the skin near the mouthparts of larvae of r. microplus in b. t. indicus and b. t. taurus cattle. previously naïve cattle were infested with ... | 2010 | 20109460 |
| heterorhabditis amazonensis (rhabditidae: heterorhabditidae), strain rsc-5, for biological control of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different doses of heterorhabditis amazonensis rsc-5 on the biological parameters of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the female ticks, individually identified, were divided into six groups of 20 each and exposed to the following nematode concentrations: 0, 75, 150, 300, 600, and 1,200/female. the following parameters were observed: initial weight, final weight, alteration weight, egg mass weight, pre-oviposition peri ... | 2010 | 20127363 |
| characterization of ferritin 2 for the control of tick infestations. | ixodes ricinus is one the most abundant tick species in europe and these ticks transmit pathogens causing human and animal diseases. the cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) spp., affect cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. development of vaccines directed against tick proteins may reduce tick infestations and the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. however, a limiting step in tick vaccine development has been the identification of tick protective antigens. he ... | 2010 | 20171306 |
| evaluation of the action of heterorhabditis bacteriophora (rhabditida: heterorhabditidae) isolate hp88 on the biology of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of the entomopathogenic nematode (epn) heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain hp88 on the biological parameters of the non-parasite phase of engorged females of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. six groups were formed, each containing 20 engorged females, which were exposed to the following concentrations of infective juveniles of this nematode: 0, 75, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 epns/female, respective ... | 2010 | 20227185 |
| silencing of three amblyomma americanum (l.) insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related proteins prevents ticks from feeding to repletion. | the insulin-like growth factor (igf) binding proteins (igfbp) family is the regulatory arm of the igf signaling system that control mitogenic and anabolic actions of igf peptide hormones. this study describes cloning and biological characterization of three amblyomma americanum (l.) (aam) proteins that show amino-terminal sequence and secondary structure similarity to the igfbp superfamily. the three molecules here provisionally identified as aamigfbp-rp1 and short (s) and long (l) aamigfbp-rp6 ... | 2010 | 20228352 |
| multiple paternity in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus confirmed by microsatellite analysis. | the aim of this study was to determine if individual ticks among the progeny of a single female rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick removed from cattle under natural conditions are the result of mating with one or several males. to this end, simulations were run using an existing dataset of genotypes from 8 microsatellite loci to predict the number of samples required and the best locus. subsequently, 14-22 progeny from each of 15 engorged female ticks removed from three cows, and the engor ... | 2010 | 19693678 |
| a novel defensin-like peptide from salivary glands of the hard tick, haemaphysalis longicornis. | a novel defensin-like antimicrobial peptide named longicornsin was isolated from the salivary glands of the hard tick, haemaphysalis longicornis, using a 10-kda cut-off centriprep filter and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc). its amino acid sequence was determined as dfgcgqgmifmcqrrcmrlypgstgfcrgfrcmcdthiplrppfmvg by edman degradation. the cdna encoding longicornsin was cloned by cdna library screening. the predicted protein from the cdna sequence was composed of 78 ... | 2010 | 20027626 |
| biochemical characterization of a kunitz type inhibitor similar to dendrotoxins produced by rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) hemocytes. | a novel chymotrypsin inhibitor identified in fat body and hemocyte cdna libraries of boophilus microplus was named bmci (b. microplus chymotrypsin inhibitor) (genbank eu636772). the putative bmci amino acid sequence presented a 22-residue-signal peptide and 58-residue-mature protein. bmci amino acid sequence analysis allowed its classification as a kunitz-bpti inhibitor with six cysteine residues, a theoretical pi of 7.8, and the presence of tyr at p1 position in the putative reactive site, sugg ... | 2010 | 19828254 |
| identification and characterization of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus candidate protective antigens for the control of cattle tick infestations. | the cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) spp., affect cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. tick vaccines constitute a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to tick control. the recombinant rhipicephalus microplus bm86 antigen has been shown to protect cattle against tick infestations. however, variable efficacy of bm86-based vaccines against geographic tick strains has encouraged the research for additional tick-protective antigens. herein, we ... | 2010 | 19943063 |
| acaricidal properties of the essential oil from hesperozygis ringens (lamiaceae) on the cattle tick riphicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | hesperozygis ringens (benth.) epling (lamiaceae) is a strongly aromatic plant employed popularly for its antiparasitic properties. the leaves afforded 4% of essential oil constituted mainly by pulegone (86%). laboratory tests were carried out to determine the toxicity of the essential oil species on engorged females and larvae of the cattle tick riphicephalus (boophilus) microplus using the adult immersion test (ait) and the larval immersion test (lit). it was observed that the essential oil at ... | 2010 | 19954969 |
| exploring the midgut proteome of partially fed female cattle tick (rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus). | the continued development of effective anti-tick vaccines remains the most promising prospect for the control of the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. a vaccine based on midgut proteins could interfere with successful tick feeding and additionally interfere with midgut developmental stages of babesia parasites, providing opportunities for the control of both the tick and the pathogens it transmits. midgut proteins from partially fed adult female cattle ticks were analysed using a ... | 2010 | 19840806 |
| tick-susceptible bos taurus cattle display an increased cellular response at the site of larval rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus attachment, compared with tick-resistant bos indicus cattle. | cattle demonstrate divergent and heritable phenotypes of resistance and susceptibility to infestation with the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. bos indicus cattle are generally more resistant to tick infestation than bos taurus breeds although large variations in resistance can occur within subspecies and within breed. increased tick resistance has been previously associated with an intense hypersensitivity response in b. taurus breeds; however, the mechanism by which highly resi ... | 2010 | 19852965 |
| selection of an ivermectin-resistant strain of rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) in brazil. | resistance to ivermectin (ivm) in field populations of rhipicephalus microplus of brazil has been observed since 2001. in this work, four selection methods (infestations with: (1) ivm-treated larvae; (2) larvae from ivm-treated adult female ticks; (3) larvae from ivm-treated adult female ticks on an ivm-treated host; and (4) larvae obtained from ivm-treated females that produced eggs with a high eclosion rate) were used on a field population with an initial ivermectin (ivm) resistance ratio at l ... | 2010 | 19864067 |
| detection of theileria and babesia in brown brocket deer (mazama gouazoubira) and marsh deer (blastocerus dichotomus) in the state of minas gerais, brazil. | intraerythrocytic protozoan species of the genera theileria and babesia are known to infect both wild and domestic animals, and both are transmitted by hard-ticks of the family ixodidae. the prevalences of hemoprotozoa and ectoparasites in 15 free-living mazama gouazoubira, two captive m. gouazoubira and four captive blastocerus dichotomus from the state of minas gerais, brazil, have been determined through the examination of blood smears and the use of nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr). t ... | 2010 | 21354704 |
| bm86 midgut protein sequence variation in south texas cattle fever ticks. | abstract: | 2010 | 21047431 |
| rhipicephalus microplus salivary gland molecules induce differential cd86 expression in murine macrophages. | abstract: | 2010 | 21054882 |
| potential synergistic effect of melia azedarach fruit extract and beauveria bassiana in the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) in cattle infestations. | the use of a concentrate emulsion of melia azedarach green fruits and a suspension of the fungus beauveria bassiana was evaluated in the control of rhipicephalus microplus on artificially infested cattle. the evaluation was conducted following the protocol established by the brazilian agriculture ministry. five groups of 4 or 5 animals were allocated to one of the following treatments: emulsion concentrate of m. azedarach at 0.25% (t azed 0.25%), emulsion concentrate of m. azedarach at 0.5% (t a ... | 2010 | 21055878 |
| transcriptomic analysis of the temporal host response to skin infestation with the ectoparasitic mite psoroptes ovis. | infestation of ovine skin with the ectoparasitic mite psoroptes ovis results in a rapid cutaneous immune response, leading to the crusted skin lesions characteristic of sheep scab. little is known regarding the mechanisms by which such a profound inflammatory response is instigated and to identify novel vaccine and drug targets a better understanding of the host-parasite relationship is essential. the main objective of this study was to perform a combined network and pathway analysis of the in v ... | 2010 | 21067579 |
| the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus bm86 gene plays a critical role in the fitness of ticks fed on cattle during acute babesia bovis infection. | abstract: | 2010 | 21092112 |
| epidemiological analysis of tick-borne diseases in zambia. | tick-borne diseases are a constraint to livestock production in many developing countries as they cause high morbidity and mortality, which results in decreased production of meat, milk and other livestock by-products. the most important tick-borne diseases of livestock in sub-saharan africa are east coast fever (caused by theileria parva), babesiosis (caused by babesia bigemina and b. bovis), anaplasmosis (caused by anaplasma marginale) and heartwater (caused by ehrlichia ruminantium). despite ... | 2010 | 21106294 |
| megaselia scalaris reared on rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus laboratory cultures. | different laboratory cultures of the acarine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1888) (ixodida: ixodidae) were infested by small megaselia scalaris (loew, 1866) (diptera: phoridae) flies. larvae of this species exhibited opportunistic parasitism predominantly on engorged female ticks, causing severe damage to their cuticle through which the flies were able to reach r. microplus internal organs, on which they fed until developing into pupae in the tick's remains. the flies were ... | 2010 | 21143490 |
| evaluation of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against parasites. | green nanoparticle synthesis has been achieved using environmentally acceptable plant extract and eco-friendly reducing and capping agents. the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of synthesized silver nanoparticles (agnps) using aqueous leaf extract of mimosa pudica gaertn (mimosaceae) against the larvae of malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi, filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae), and rhipicephalu ... | 2010 | 21181192 |
| ticks on birds in a forest fragment of brazilian cerrado (savanna) in the municipality of uberlândia, state of minas gerais, brazil. | this is a report of tick species, parasite prevalence and infestation intensity of birds in a forest fragment (18° 56' 57'' s and 48° 12' 14'' w) within the brazilian cerrado (savanna), in the municipality of uberlândia, state of minas gerais, brazil. a total of 162 birds from 26 species were captured. one adult tick, 296 larvae and 67 nymphs were found on passerine birds. of these, it was identified 31 larvae and 27 nymphs of amblyomma longirostre, 17 nymphs of a. nodosum, one a. cajennense lar ... | 2010 | 21184702 |
| bartonella and babesia infections in cattle and their ticks in taiwan. | bartonella and babesia infections and the association with cattle breed and age as well as tick species infesting selected cattle herds in taiwan were investigated. blood samples were collected from 518 dairy cows and 59 beef cattle on 14 farms and 415 ticks were collected from these animals or in a field. bartonella and babesia species were isolated and/or detected in the cattle blood samples and from a selected subset (n=254) of the ticks either by culture or dna extraction, pcr testing and dn ... | 2010 | 21194750 |
| evaluation of medicinal plant extracts against ticks and fluke. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of leaf hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of aegle marmelos (linn.) correa ex roxb, andrographis lineata wallich ex nees., andrographis paniculata (burm.f.) wallich ex nees., cocculus hirsutus (l.) diels, eclipta prostrata l., and tagetes erecta l. against the adult cattle tick haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann 1897 (acarina: ixodidae), the larvae of rhipicephalus ( ... | 2010 | 20922419 |
| effects of urea on the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | this study aimed at evaluating the effects of urea on rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the experiment was divided into two stages. in stage i, brachiaria brizantha was placed into 30 pots, each with an area of 18 cm(2).these were divided into three groups of ten pots each: g1 non-treated control group, g2 treated with 15 g of urea per pot and g3 treated with 15 g of urea+10% of ammonium sulphate. three engorged female ticks were placed in each pot and then 1.8l of water were added. in the se ... | 2010 | 20855169 |
| differential expression of genes in resistant versus susceptible gyr x holstein cattle challenged with the tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the bovine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus causes major losses in cattle production systems in tropical regions. bos indicus breeds are more resistant to ticks than b. taurus breeds. resistance genes could be an alternative to control this parasite. we examined the pattern of gene expression of three calcium-binding-protein genes: translationally controlled tumor protein 1 (tpt1), allergen bos d3 (s100a7), calcium channel protein transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (trpv6), and the ... | 2010 | 20927715 |
| metarhizium anisopliae host-pathogen interaction: differential immunoproteomics reveals proteins involved in the infection process of arthropods. | metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus well characterized for the biocontrol of a wide range of plagues. its pathogenicity depends on the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes that degrade the host cuticle. to identify proteins involved in the infection process and in host specify, immunoproteomic analysis was performed using antiserum produced against crude extract of m. anisopliae cultured in the presence of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and dysdercus peruvianus cuticles. spots d ... | 2010 | 20943140 |
| in vitro acaricidal effect of tannin-rich plants against the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vitro acaricidal effects of lyophilized extracts of four tannin rich plants (acacia pennatula, piscidia piscipula, leucaena leucocephala and lysiloma latisiliquum) against diverse stages of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, and to asses whether tannins were involved in the acaricidal effect using polyethylene glycol (peg) to block tannins. larval immersion (lit) and adult immersion (ait) tests were used to evaluate the acaricidal effect of ... | 2010 | 20947253 |
| metarhizium anisopliae lipolytic activity plays a pivotal role in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infection. | lipases secreted by metarhizium anisopliae, an important biological control agent, could potentially be involved in the host infection process. here, we present the activity profile during the host infection process and the effect of lipase activity inhibitor ebelactone b on infection. the previous treatment of spores with lipase activity inhibitor, ebelactone b, completely inhibited lipolytic activity and prevented the infection of the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus host. the results herei ... | 2010 | 20965056 |
| acaricidal efficacy against cattle ticks and acute oral toxicity of lippia javanica (burm f.) spreng. | in search for low-cost, safe and environmentally benign plant-based alternatives to commercial pesticides, the efficacy of lippia javanica aqueous leaf extracts in controlling ticks on cattle, acute oral toxicity in mice and phytochemistry were evaluated. l. javanica aqueous leaf extracts at 10% and 20% w/v were effective at controlling cattle ticks but not as good as an amitraz-based acaricide tickbuster. however, they can provide an effective tick control option where synthetic products are un ... | 2010 | 20978842 |
| two initial vaccinations with the bm86-based gavacplus vaccine against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus induce similar reproductive suppression to three initial vaccinations under production conditions. | the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, affects livestock production in many regions of the world. up to now, the widespread use of chemical acaricides has led to the selection of acaricide-resistant ticks and to environmental contamination. gavacplus is a subunit vaccine based on the recombinant bm86 tick antigen expressed in yeast, capable to control infestations of r. microplus under controlled and production conditions. the vaccine constitutes the core element of broad control ... | 2010 | 20846415 |
| laboratory evaluation of verbutin as a synergist of acaricides against larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | synergistic effects of verbutin, a member of aryl alkynyl derivatives, to three commonly used acaricides were evaluated with the modified food and agricultural organization larval packet test (fao-lpt) against both susceptible and resistant strains of the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini) (acari: ixodidae). these tick strains demonstrated various levels of resistance to coumaphos (2.5-8.2x), permethrin (57.9-711.7x), and amitraz (3.5-177.5x). verbutin alone w ... | 2010 | 20857748 |
| acaricidal effect and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from cuminum cyminum, pimenta dioica and ocimum basilicum against the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | acaricidal activity of essential oils extracted from cumin seeds (cuminum cyminum), allspice berries (pimenta dioica) and basil leaves (ocimum basilicum) were tested on 10-day-old rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick larvae using the lpt. two-fold dilutions of the three essential oils were tested from a starting dilution of 20% down to 1.25%. results showed a high toxicological effect for cumin, producing 100% mortality in all tested concentrations on r. microplus larvae. similarly, allspice ... | 2010 | 20865426 |
| in vitro and in vivo efficacy of acorus calamus extract against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | to develop a environment friendly control measure against cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, medicinally important plants were identified and extracts were prepared. twelve 95% ethanolic, thirteen 50% hydroethanolic and nine hot water extracts were prepared and tested against laboratory reared homogenous colony of r. (b.) microplus. amongst the 34 extracts, 26 extracts showed no mortality within 72 h of application while 12.0 ± 4.9% to 35.0 ± 9.6% mortality of treated ticks was re ... | 2010 | 20886235 |
| lectins: production and practical applications. | lectins are proteins found in a diversity of organisms. they possess the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes with known carbohydrate specificity since they have at least one non-catalytic domain that binds reversibly to specific monosaccharides or oligosaccharides. this articles aims to review the production and practical applications of lectins. lectins are isolated from their natural sources by chromatographic procedures or produced by recombinant dna technology. the yields of animal lectins a ... | 2010 | 20890754 |
| molecular cloning of a small heat shock protein (shspii) from the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus salivary gland. | immunoscreening of a cdna expression library of the rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus tick with purified rabbit anti-r annulatus salivary glands antigens polyclonal antibodies led to the identification of a 661bp sequence. the sequence includes an open reading frame of 543bp encoding a protein of 180 amino acids with calculated molecular weight of 20.51kda, isoelectric point of 9.071 and with no signal sequence. comparison of the deduced amino acids with protein data bank showed that the ident ... | 2010 | 20723560 |
| evaluation of reference genes for real-time pcr studies of brazilian somalis sheep infected by gastrointestinal nematodes. | precise normalization with reference genes is necessary, in order to obtain reliable relative expression data in response to gastrointestinal nematode infection. by using sheep from temperate regions as models, three reference genes, viz., ribosomal protein lo (rplo), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) and succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit a (sdha), were investigated in the abomasum, abomasal lymph nodes and small intestine of brazilian somalis sheep, either resistant or susc ... | 2010 | 21637421 |
| a novel amino acid substitution in the para-sodium channel gene in rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) associated with knockdown resistance. | resistance acquired by the tick rhipicephalus microplus (canestrini) to different types of ixodicides in mexico has had a negative impact on national and local livestock, mainly due to the transmission of diseases such as babesiosis and anaplasmosis, among others. the technique used for the diagnosis of resistance was that in the bioassays noted in the norma oficial mexicana (nom-006-zoo-1994). the purpose of this investigation was the determination of resistance to pyrethroids through isoleucin ... | 2010 | 20585841 |
| swift sympatric adaptation of a species of cattle tick to a new deer host in new caledonia. | the occurrence and frequency of sympatric speciation in natural systems continue to be hotly debated issues in evolutionary biology. this might reflect the timescale over which evolution occurs resulting in there being few compelling observations of the phenomenon (lake fishes, phytophagous insects and island trees). despite predictions, few examples of sympatric speciation have been recorded in animal parasites, at least widely accepted as such. here we show that, in new caledonia, the monophas ... | 2010 | 20601171 |
| expression of heat shock and other stress response proteins in ticks and cultured tick cells in response to anaplasma spp. infection and heat shock. | ticks are ectoparasites of animals and humans that serve as vectors of anaplasma and other pathogens that affect humans and animals worldwide. ticks and the pathogens that they transmit have coevolved molecular interactions involving genetic traits of both the tick and the pathogen that mediate their development and survival. in this paper, the expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) and other stress response proteins (srps) was characterized in ticks and cultured tick cells by proteomics and t ... | 2010 | 22084679 |
| expression patterns of neural genes in euperipatoides kanangrensis suggest divergent evolution of onychophoran and euarthropod neurogenesis. | one of the controversial debates on euarthropod relationships centers on the question as to whether insects, crustaceans, and myriapods (mandibulata) share a common ancestor or whether myriapods group with the chelicerates (myriochelata). the debate was stimulated recently by studies in chelicerates and myriapods that show that neural precursor groups (npgs) segregate from the neuroectoderm generating the nervous system, whereas in insects and crustaceans the nervous tissue is produced by stem c ... | 2010 | 21149708 |
| heme and blood-feeding parasites: friends or foes? | hemoparasites, like malaria and schistosomes, are constantly faced with the challenges of storing and detoxifying large quantities of heme, released from their catabolism of host erythrocytes. heme is an essential prosthetic group that forms the reactive core of numerous hemoproteins with diverse biological functions. however, due to its reactive nature, it is also a potentially toxic molecule. thus, the acquisition and detoxification of heme is likely to be paramount for the survival and establ ... | 2010 | 21087517 |
| diversity of phylogenetic information according to the locus and the taxonomic level: an example from a parasitic mesostigmatid mite genus. | molecular markers for cladistic analyses may perform differently according to the taxonomic group considered and the historical level under investigation. here we evaluate the phylogenetic potential of five different markers for resolving evolutionary relationships within the ectoparasitic genus dermanyssus at the species level, and their ability to address questions about the evolution of specialization. coi provided 9-18% divergence between species (up to 9% within species), 16s rrna 10-16% (u ... | 2010 | 20480038 |
| inverse agonist and neutral antagonist actions of synthetic compounds at an insect 5-ht1 receptor. | 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) has been shown to control and modulate many physiological and behavioural functions in insects. in this study, we report the cloning and pharmacological properties of a 5-ht(1) receptor of an insect model for neurobiology, physiology and pharmacology. | 2010 | 20233210 |
| gene-knockdown in the honey bee mite varroa destructor by a non-invasive approach: studies on a glutathione s-transferase. | the parasitic mite varroa destructor is considered the major pest of the european honey bee (apis mellifera) and responsible for declines in honey bee populations worldwide. exploiting the full potential of gene sequences becoming available for v. destructor requires adaptation of modern molecular biology approaches to this non-model organism. using a mu-class glutathione s-transferase (vdgst-mu1) as a candidate gene we investigated the feasibility of gene knockdown in v. destructor by double-st ... | 2010 | 20712880 |
| germ band retraction as a landmark in glucose metabolism during aedes aegypti embryogenesis. | the mosquito a. aegypti is vector of dengue and other viruses. new methods of vector control are needed and can be achieved by a better understanding of the life cycle of this insect. embryogenesis is a part of a. aegypty life cycle that is poorly understood. in insects in general and in mosquitoes in particular energetic metabolism is well studied during oogenesis, when the oocyte exhibits fast growth, accumulating carbohydrates, lipids and proteins that will meet the regulatory and metabolic n ... | 2010 | 20184739 |
| vaccine efficacy of bm86 ortholog of h. a. anatolicum, rhaa86 expressed in prokaryotic expression system. | the use of tick vaccine in controlling ticks and tick borne diseases has been proved effective in integrated tick management format. for the control of h. a. anatolicum, bm86 ortholog of h. a. anatolicum was cloned and expressed as fusion protein in e. coli as e. coli-pethaa86. the molecular weight of the rhaa86 was 97 kda with a 19 kda fusion tag of thioredoxin protein. the expressed protein was characterized immunologically and vaccine efficacy was evaluated. after 120 hours of challenge, only ... | 2010 | 20721331 |
| thrombin inhibitors from different animals. | venous and arterial thromboembolic diseases are still the most frequent causes of death and disability in high-income countries. clinical anticoagulants are inhibitors of enzymes involved in the coagulation pathway, such as thrombin and factor x(a). thrombin is a key enzyme of blood coagulation system, activating the platelets, converting the fibrinogen to the fibrin net, and amplifying its self-generation by the activation of factors v, viii, and xi. thrombin has long been a target for the deve ... | 2010 | 20976270 |
| r2 dynamics in triops cancriformis (bosc, 1801) (crustacea, branchiopoda, notostraca): turnover rate and 28s concerted evolution. | the r2 retrotransposon is here characterized in bisexual populations of the european crustacean triops cancriformis. the isolated element matches well with the general aspects of the r2 family and it is highly differentiated from that of the congeneric north american triops longicaudatus. the analysis of 5' truncations indicates that r2 dynamics in t. cancriformis populations show a high turnover rate as observed in drosophila simulans. for the first time in the literature, though, individuals h ... | 2010 | 20628416 |
| molecular evolution and the role of oxidative stress in the expansion and functional diversification of cytosolic glutathione transferases. | cytosolic glutathione transferases (cgst) are a large group of ubiquitous enzymes involved in detoxification and are well known for their undesired side effects during chemotherapy. in this work we have performed thorough phylogenetic analyses to understand the various aspects of the evolution and functional diversification of cgsts. furthermore, we assessed plausible correlations between gene duplication and substrate specificity of gene paralogs in humans and selected species, notably in mamma ... | 2010 | 20843339 |
| babesia and its hosts: adaptation to long-lasting interactions as a way to achieve efficient transmission. | babesia, the causal agent of babesiosis, are tick-borne apicomplexan protozoa. true babesiae (babesia genus sensu stricto) are biologically characterized by direct development in erythrocytes and by transovarial transmission in the tick. a large number of true babesia species have been described in various vertebrate and tick hosts. this review presents the genus then discusses specific adaptations of babesia spp. to their hosts to achieve efficient transmission. the main adaptations lead to lon ... | 2009 | 19379662 |
| the role of saliva in tick feeding. | when attempting to feed on their hosts, ticks face the problem of host hemostasis (the vertebrate mechanisms that prevent blood loss), inflammation (that can produce itching or pain and thus initiate defensive behavior on their hosts) and adaptive immunity (by way of both cellular and humoral responses). against these barriers, ticks evolved a complex and sophisticated pharmacological armamentarium, consisting of bioactive lipids and proteins, to assist blood feeding. recent progress in transcri ... | 2009 | 19273185 |
| subversion of complement by hematophagous parasites. | the complement system is a crucial part of innate and adaptive immunity which exerts a significant evolutionary pressure on pathogens. it has selected for those pathogens, mainly microorganisms but also parasites, that have evolved countermeasures. the characterization of how pathogens evade complement attack is a rapidly developing field of current research. in recent years, multiple complement evasion strategies have been characterized. in this review, we focus on complement escape mechanisms ... | 2009 | 18762211 |
| effect of selection pressure on the cholinesterase of boophilus microplus (acari: ixodidae) resistant to coumaphos. | the effect of selection pressure on the cholinesterase (ache) activity of two strains of boophilus microplus (canestrini) resistant to coumaphos was monitored. total ache and protein was determined from three generations of resistant ticks and a susceptible strain. the effect of an ache inhibitor, coroxon (the oxygen analog of coumaphos), was also determined. the resistance of the susceptible strain (escondido) to coumaphos remained relatively unchanged throughout the study. the tuxpan strain lo ... | 2009 | 2708629 |
| platelet aggregation inhibitors from hematophagous animals. | salivary glands from blood-sucking animals (e.g., mosquitoes, bugs, sand flies, fleas, ticks, leeches, hookworms, bats) are a rich source of bioactive molecules that counteract hemostasis in a redundant and synergistic manner. this review discusses recent progress in the identification of salivary inhibitors of platelet aggregation, their molecular characterization, and detailed mechanism of action. diversity of inhibitors is remarkable, with distinct families of proteins characterized as apyras ... | 2009 | 20035779 |
| transcriptome analysis of the venom gland of the scorpion scorpiops jendeki: implication for the evolution of the scorpion venom arsenal. | the family euscorpiidae, which covers europe, asia, africa, and america, is one of the most widely distributed scorpion groups. however, no studies have been conducted on the venom of a euscorpiidae species yet. in this work, we performed a transcriptomic approach for characterizing the venom components from a euscorpiidae scorpion, scorpiops jendeki. | 2009 | 19570192 |
| laboratory study on biological control of ticks (acari: ixodidae) by entomopathogenic indigenous fungi (beauveria bassiana). | chemical control method using different acaricides as spray, dipping solution or pour-on is routinely used for controlling ticks. biological control agents are favorable due to their safety for animals and environment. entomopathogenic fungi such as beauveria bassiana are well known for controlling ticks. in this study, two iranian indigenous strains of b. bassiana (b. bassiana 5197 and b. bassiana evin) were selected and grown on specific media. the pathogenic effects of these strains were eval ... | 2009 | 22808380 |
| dynamic evolution of immune system regulators: the history of the interferon regulatory factor family. | this manuscript presents the first extensive phylogenetics analysis of a key family of immune regulators, the interferon regulatory factor (irf) family. the irf family encodes transcription factors that play important roles in immune defense, stress responses, reproduction, development, and carcinogenesis. several times during their evolution, the irf genes have undergone expansion and diversification. these genes were also completely lost on two separate occasions in large groups of metazoans. ... | 2009 | 19638535 |
| in vitro establishment and propagation of a brazilian strain of anaplasma marginale with appendage in ide8 (ixodes scapularis) cells. | a brazilian isolate of anaplasma marginale with appendage was successfully established and maintained in vitro in a tick cell line (ide8). infection was confirmed by optical and transmission electron microscopy. in addition, primers msp1anf2 and msp1anr2 amplified products from dna extracted from infected ide8 cells. comparisons with partial sequences of the msp1α gene and the complete genome of a. marginale confirmed that the sequences of amplified fragments were from the a. marginale genome. t ... | 2009 | 24031379 |
| functional expression of an arachnid sodium channel reveals residues responsible for tetrodotoxin resistance in invertebrate sodium channels. | tetrodotoxin (ttx) is a potent blocker of voltage-gated sodium channels, but not all sodium channels are equally sensitive to inhibition by ttx. the molecular basis of differential ttx sensitivity of mammalian sodium channels has been largely elucidated. in contrast, our knowledge about the sensitivity of invertebrate sodium channels to ttx remains poor, in part because of limited success in functional expression of these channels. in this study, we report the functional characterization in xeno ... | 2009 | 19828457 |
| the genome sequence of the protostome daphnia pulex encodes respective orthologues of a neurotrophin, a trk and a p75ntr: evolution of neurotrophin signaling components and related proteins in the bilateria. | neurotrophins and their trk and p75ntr receptors play an important role in the nervous system. to date, neurotrophins, trk and p75ntr have only been found concomitantly in deuterostomes. in protostomes, homologues to either neurotrophin, trk or p75ntr are reported but their phylogenetic relationship to deuterostome neurotrophin signaling components is unclear. drosophila has neurotrophin homologues called spätzles (spz), some of which were recently renamed neurotrophins, but direct proof that th ... | 2009 | 19807921 |
| surviving the cold: molecular analyses of insect cryoprotective dehydration in the arctic springtail megaphorura arctica (tullberg). | insects provide tractable models for enhancing our understanding of the physiological and cellular processes that enable survival at extreme low temperatures. they possess three main strategies to survive the cold: freeze tolerance, freeze avoidance or cryoprotective dehydration, of which the latter method is exploited by our model species, the arctic springtail megaphorura arctica, formerly onychiurus arcticus (tullberg 1876). the physiological mechanisms underlying cryoprotective dehydration h ... | 2009 | 19622137 |
| miro and irbase: it tools for the epidemiological monitoring of insecticide resistance in mosquito disease vectors. | monitoring of insect vector populations with respect to their susceptibility to one or more insecticides is a crucial element of the strategies used for the control of arthropod-borne diseases. this management task can nowadays be achieved more efficiently when assisted by it (information technology) tools, ranging from modern integrated databases to gis (geographic information system). here we describe an application ontology that we developed de novo, and a specially designed database that, ba ... | 2009 | 19547750 |
| modular evolution of glutathione peroxidase genes in association with different biochemical properties of their encoded proteins in invertebrate animals. | phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidases (phgpx), the most abundant isoforms of gpx families, interfere directly with hydroperoxidation of lipids. biochemical properties of these proteins vary along with their donor organisms, which has complicated the phylogenetic classification of diverse phgpx-like proteins. despite efforts for comprehensive analyses, the evolutionary aspects of gpx genes in invertebrates remain largely unknown. | 2009 | 19344533 |
| a trypsin-like protease with apparent dual function in early lepeophtheirus salmonis (krøyer) development. | trypsin-like serine proteases are involved in a large number of processes including digestive degradation, regulation of developmental processes, yolk degradation and yolk degradome activation. trypsin like peptidases considered to be involved in digestion have been characterized in lepeophtheirus salmonis. during these studies a trypsin-like peptidase which differed in a number of traits were identified. | 2009 | 19439101 |
| [isolation of aspartic proteinases at different stages of development of boophilus microplus tick]. | the magnitud of tisular expression of aspartic proteinases at juvenile stages was analyzed in adult young boophilus microplus ticks as well as the effect of one of the most widely used aspartic proteinase inhibitors (pepstatin a) on their development. the isolation and quantification of acid proteolytic activity was performed in samples of parasites with different stages of the digestive process where aspartic-proteinase activity was confirmed and a tendency to increased values of enzymatic acti ... | 2009 | 15846917 |
| genetic basis and impact of tick acaricide resistance. | acaricide resistance in boophilus microplus has been studied for the last 20 years from the toxicology, metabolic and genomic points of view, however, only few methods for molecular detection of resistance have been developed. despite the relatively poor sensitivity for resistance detection, bioassays remain the method of choice for susceptibility evaluation of tick populations, based on their toxicological response after exposure to acaricides. metabolic detoxification of acaricides is known to ... | 2009 | 19273225 |
| [identification of a neutral protease in the intestine of boophilus microplus with electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gels copolymerized with gelatin]. | a neutral activity of boophilus microplus in the intestine was identified by electrophoresis in polyacrilamide gel copolymerized with gelatin. the maximum of activity was attained at ph 6.0. the highest specific activity at that ph was obtained with casein substrate. the disappearance of this activity was observed in both substrates after the addition of phenylmethylsulphonyl fluoride in the reaction mixtures. it was very interesting to find out an endopeptidase activity with these characteristi ... | 2009 | 11826517 |
| [cathepsin l-like activity in hemolymph of females crammed with boophilus microplus]. | the cysteine-proteinase activity present in the hemolymph of females crammed with boophilus microplus at the second oviposition was proved. the enzyme assay was performed using the synthetic n-carbobenzoxi-phenilalanyl-arginil-4-metoxibetan++ +-naphthylamide substrate, and hydrolysis in both raw ovarim extract and hemolymph were observed. the activity was 100% inhibited by trans-epoxisuscinyl-l-leucidamide (4-guadinine) butane, an specific inhibitor for cysteine-proteinase. polyacrylamide and ge ... | 2009 | 10887589 |
| effects of prolonged exposure at low temperature on boophilus microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the effects of prolonged exposure at 12 degrees c on oviposition were determined for boophilus microplus (canestrini) females. the percentage of females ovipositing remained high (greater than or equal to 80%) for exposure times of less than or equal to 30 d, but declined to 0.0 and 6.7% when females were held for 90 and 105 d, respectively. duration had no effect on the preoviposition period after females were returned to optimum temperature (25 degrees c). the number of eggs laid per female de ... | 2009 | 2795611 |
| species composition and geographic distribution of ticks infesting cattle, goats and dogs in a temperate and in a subtropical region of south-east africa. | the species and distribution of ticks infesting cattle, goats and dogs in the eastern region of the eastern cape province, south africa and maputo province, mozambique were determined from collections made from these animals at 72 localities in the former region and 30 in the latter. eleven ixodid and one argasid species were recovered in the eastern cape province and 15 ixodid species in maputo province. the most common ticks infesting cattle and goats in both provinces were amblyomma hebraeum, ... | 2009 | 21105593 |
| hemoglobin digestion in blood-feeding ticks: mapping a multipeptidase pathway by functional proteomics. | hemoglobin digestion is an essential process for blood-feeding parasites. using chemical tools, we deconvoluted the intracellular hemoglobinolytic cascade in the tick ixodes ricinus, a vector of lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis. in tick gut tissue, a network of peptidases was demonstrated through imaging with specific activity-based probes and activity profiling with peptidic substrates and inhibitors. this peptidase network is induced upon blood feeding and degrades hemoglobin at acidic ... | 2009 | 19875079 |
| (1)h, (15)n and (13)c assignments of the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus anti-microbial peptide microplusin. | microplusin, a rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus anti-microbial peptide (amp) is the first member of a new family of cysteine-rich amps with histidine-rich regions at the n- and c-termini, which is being fully characterized by biophysical and biochemical methods. here we report the nmr resonance assignments for (1)h, (15)n, and (13)c nuclei in the backbone and side chains of the microplusin as basis for further studies of structure, backbone dynamics and interactions mapping. | 2009 | 19888687 |
| a survey of ectoparasitic arthropods on domestic animals in tak province, thailand. | in july 2008 a survey of ectoparasites on domestic animals was conducted in the royal thai army areas of operation along the thai-myanmar border, tak province, thailand. eleven different ectoparasites were collected: two species of hard ticks (ixodidae), three species of fleas (siphonaptera) and 6 species of sucking or chewing lice (2 species each in the suborders anoplura, ischnocera and amblycera) were collected. domestic dogs (canis lupusfamiliaris) (n = 94) were found infested with 2 species ... | 2009 | 19842427 |
| structure and mode of action of microplusin, a copper ii-chelating antimicrobial peptide from the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | microplusin, a rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus antimicrobial peptide (amp) is the first fully characterized member of a new family of cysteine-rich amps with histidine-rich regions at the n and c termini. in the tick, microplusin belongs to the arsenal of innate defense molecules active against bacteria and fungi. here we describe the nmr solution structure of microplusin and demonstrate that the protein binds copper ii and iron ii. structured as a single alpha-helical globular domain, micro ... | 2009 | 19828445 |