Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| effect of gsk-3 activity, enzymatic inhibition and gene silencing by rnai on tick oviposition and egg hatching. | glycogen synthase kinase-3 (gsk-3) is classically described as a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism in mammals. it has been shown to be highly conserved among several organisms, mainly in the catalytic domain region. this enzyme has already been described in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and the ovaries of females appeared to be the major site of gsk-3 transcription. the treatment with gsk-3 specific inhibitor (alsterpaullone, bromo-indirubin-oxime 6 and indirubin-3-oxime) caused a ... | 2010 | 20500916 |
| the expression of genes coding for distinct types of glycine-rich proteins varies according to the biology of three metastriate ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, rhipicephalus sanguineus and amblyomma cajennense. | ticks secrete a cement cone composed of many salivary proteins, some of which are rich in the amino acid glycine in order to attach to their hosts' skin. glycine-rich proteins (grps) are a large family of heterogeneous proteins that have different functions and features; noteworthy are their adhesive and tensile characteristics. these properties may be essential for successful attachment of the metastriate ticks to the host and the prolonged feeding necessary for engorgement. in this work, we an ... | 2010 | 20529354 |
| ticks (acari: ixodidae) on dogs from uberlândia, minas gerais, brazil. | uberlândia in minas gerais state, southeastern brazil, has 622 000 inhabitants and is located in the cerrado biome, the south american savannah. the city dog population is estimated at 82 000 and identification of tick species and infestation prevalence on this host has not been determined. a major infectious disease of dogs in the city, canine ehrlichiosis, is transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks. at the same time, autochthonous leishmaniosis has been recently described in the city and ... | 2010 | 20537111 |
| haemolymph protein and lipid profile of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infected by fungi. | the current study evaluates the protein and lipid profile of haemolymph of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus engorged females infected by metarhizium anisopliae, beauveria bassiana or fusarium oxysporum. ticks were immersed or inoculated with conidial suspension. haemolymph was collected from the dorsal surface of engorged females. the results showed altered total protein amounts; however, no significant difference was observed on electrophoretic profile among haemolymph samples. in addition, ... | 2010 | 20537114 |
| humoral immune response of dairy cattle immunized with rbm95 (ku-vac1) derived from thai rhipicephalus microplus. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an important cause of economic losses in thailand through direct effects of feeding on cattle and pathogen transmission. current tick control methods rely on expensive chemical acaricides that result in environmental contamination, residues in food animal products and acaricide-resistant ticks. anti-tick vaccines based on concealed antigens have shown promising results in the control of cattle tick. thus, recombinant bm95 (rbm95) from thai r. microplus (ku- ... | 2010 | 20537117 |
| immunization of rabbits with recombinant serine protease inhibitor reduces the performance of adult female rhipicephalus microplus. | molecules secreted from the tick salivary gland modulate the vertebrate host immune response, thus representing potential targets for novel tick control measures. tick salivary gland serine protease inhibitor (serpin) is one such molecule that may facilitate tick feeding, blood meal digestion and pathogen transmission. the objective of this study was to determine the immunogenicity and protection of recombinant rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus salivary gland serpin (rserpin) in rabbits. rabbi ... | 2010 | 20537119 |
| reassociation kinetics-based approach for partial genome sequencing of the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the size and repetitive nature of the rhipicephalus microplus genome makes obtaining a full genome sequence fiscally and technically problematic. to selectively obtain gene-enriched regions of this tick's genome, cot filtration was performed, and cot-filtered dna was sequenced via 454 flx pyrosequencing. | 2010 | 20540747 |
| discovery and characterization of hemq: an essential heme biosynthetic pathway component. | here we identify a previously undescribed protein, hemq, that is required for heme synthesis in gram-positive bacteria. we have characterized hemq from bacillus subtilis and a number of actinobacteria. hemq is a multimeric heme-binding protein. spectroscopic studies indicate that this heme is high spin ferric iron and is ligated by a conserved histidine with the sixth coordination site available for binding a small molecule. the presence of hemq along with the terminal two pathway enzymes, proto ... | 2010 | 20543190 |
| localization and function of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus vitellin-degrading cysteine endopeptidase. | the tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an important parasite of cattle in many areas of the tropics. characterization of molecules involved in mechanisms such as vitellogenesis and embryo development may contribute to a better understanding of this parasite's physiology. the vitellin-degrading cysteine endopeptidase (vtdce) is the most active enzyme involved in vitellin hydrolysis in r. microplus eggs. here we show an association between vtdce and vitellin in an additional site, apart f ... | 2010 | 20561398 |
| haplotypes that include the integrin alpha 11 gene are associated with tick burden in cattle. | infestations on cattle by the ectoparasite boophilus (rhipicephalus) microplus (cattle tick) impact negatively on animal production systems. host resistance to tick infestation has a low to moderate heritability in the range 0.13 - 0.64 in australia. previous studies identified a qtl on bovine chromosome 10 (bta10) linked to tick burden in cattle. | 2010 | 20565915 |
| cell death in salivary glands of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1887) (acari: ixodidae) females at semi-engorged feeding stage. | the ultrastructure of the salivary glands of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus females is described during feeding. in beginning of feeding, individuals show acini i with many mitochondria and wide basal labyrinth in peripheral cells; glycoprotein granules only in b and c3 cells (acini ii); and epithelial interstitial cells with developed basal labyrinth between f cells (acini iii). semi-engorged females show cells in degeneration, with autophagic vacuoles, lysosomes, myelin figures, and irreg ... | 2010 | 20568983 |
| survey of rhipicephalus microplus resistance to ivermectin at cattle farms with history of macrocyclic lactones use in yucatan, mexico. | engorged females of rhipicephalus microplus were collected from 30 cattle farms in yucatan, mexico to evaluate ivermectin resistance. the larval progeny of each tick sample were produced in laboratory and evaluated using the larval immersion test to obtain the larval mortality. concentration-mortality data were subjected to probit analysis to generate lethal concentrations (lc). resistance ratio (rr) of each tick sample was calculated by dividing its lc with that of an ivermectin-susceptible str ... | 2010 | 20570047 |
| a novel defensin-like peptide from salivary glands of the hard tick, haemaphysalis longicornis. | a novel defensin-like antimicrobial peptide named longicornsin was isolated from the salivary glands of the hard tick, haemaphysalis longicornis, using a 10-kda cut-off centriprep filter and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc). its amino acid sequence was determined as dfgcgqgmifmcqrrcmrlypgstgfcrgfrcmcdthiplrppfmvg by edman degradation. the cdna encoding longicornsin was cloned by cdna library screening. the predicted protein from the cdna sequence was composed of 78 ... | 2010 | 20027626 |
| acaricidal activity of extracts from petiveria alliacea (phytolaccaceae) against the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the acaricidal activity of crude extracts and fractions from stems and leaves of petiveria alliacea (phytolaccaceae) was carried out on larvae and adults of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus using the larval immersion test (lit) and adult immersion test (ait), respectively. methanolic extracts of stems and leaves of p. alliacea showed 100% mortality on the lit bioassay. on the other hand, methanolic extracts of leaves and stem on the ait test showed 26% and 86% of mortality, re ... | 2010 | 20042296 |
| rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus: clotting time in tick-infested skin varies according to local inflammation and gene expression patterns in tick salivary glands. | ticks deposit saliva at the site of their attachment to a host in order to inhibit haemostasis, inflammation and innate and adaptive immune responses. the anti-haemostatic properties of tick saliva have been described by many studies, but few show that tick infestations or its anti-haemostatic components exert systemic effects in vivo. in the present study, we extended these observations and show that, compared with normal skin, bovine hosts that are genetically susceptible to tick infestations ... | 2010 | 20045690 |
| rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) resistance to fipronil in uruguay evaluated by in vitro bioassays. | rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus obtained from four local populations in uruguay (2007-2008) were subjected to various bioassay techniques to determine the presence of fipronil resistance within the country. resistance ratios (rrs) obtained by larval immersion test varied between 3.3 and 3635 for tick populations subjected to treatment with fipronil for the last 3-7 years. the highest rr was observed in the population which received fewer treatments. using discriminating concentration (8ppm) ... | 2010 | 20056329 |
| identification and characterization of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus candidate protective antigens for the control of cattle tick infestations. | the cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) spp., affect cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. tick vaccines constitute a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to tick control. the recombinant rhipicephalus microplus bm86 antigen has been shown to protect cattle against tick infestations. however, variable efficacy of bm86-based vaccines against geographic tick strains has encouraged the research for additional tick-protective antigens. herein, we ... | 2010 | 19943063 |
| first report of the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus resistant to ivermectin in mexico. | three cattle farms with ticks, rhipicephalus microplus, thought to be resistant to ivermectin in yucatan, mexico were studied (sfdo, spn, luady). each field-population was collected and tested twice several months apart. the larval immersion test was used on the progeny of collected adult females to test the susceptibility to ivermectin. dose-mortality regressions, lethal concentrations (lc), their confidence intervals and slope were estimated by probit analysis. resistance ratios (rr) were dete ... | 2010 | 19951828 |
| acaricidal properties of the essential oil from hesperozygis ringens (lamiaceae) on the cattle tick riphicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | hesperozygis ringens (benth.) epling (lamiaceae) is a strongly aromatic plant employed popularly for its antiparasitic properties. the leaves afforded 4% of essential oil constituted mainly by pulegone (86%). laboratory tests were carried out to determine the toxicity of the essential oil species on engorged females and larvae of the cattle tick riphicephalus (boophilus) microplus using the adult immersion test (ait) and the larval immersion test (lit). it was observed that the essential oil at ... | 2010 | 19954969 |
| experimental vaccination of sheep and cattle against tick infestation using recombinant 5'-nucleotidase. | limited prior evidence suggests that 5'-nucleotidase, an ectoenzyme principally located in the malpighian tubules of the tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, could be an effective antigen in an anti-tick vaccine. to assess this, recombinant 5'-nucleotidase was expressed in escherichia coli and used in vaccination trials with both sheep and cattle. vaccinated sheep were challenged with freshly moulted adult ticks. those with high titres of anti-nucleotidase antibodies showed significant prot ... | 2010 | 20070827 |
| functional genomics tool: gene silencing in ixodes scapularis eggs and nymphs by electroporated dsrna. | ticks are blood-sucking arthropods responsible for transmitting a wide variety of disease-causing agents, and constitute important public health threats globally. ixodes scapularis is the primary vector of the lyme disease agent in the eastern and central u.s. rnai is a mechanism by which gene-specific double-stranded rna (dsrna) triggers degradation of homologous mrna transcripts. here, we describe an optimized protocol for effectively suppressing gene expression in the egg and nymphal stages o ... | 2010 | 20074328 |
| acaricide and ovicide activities of thymol on engorged females and eggs of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the present work had the objective of evaluating the influence of different concentrations of thymol on the biological parameters of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and also its ovicide activity on eggs of this tick. in order to carry out the work, four groups were formed, each containing 20 engorged females, which were immersed for 5 min in different concentrations of thymol (1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) and a control group (water + dimethylsulfoxide). the following biological ... | 2010 | 20076973 |
| rotation of treatments between spinosad and amitraz for the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus populations with amitraz resistance. | a farmlet study was conducted over 4 years in which three treatments were applied to six groups of holstein dairy calves. calves in each group were infested with equal numbers of n-strain (susceptible) and ultimo strain (amitraz and synthetic pyrethroid resistant) tick larvae to establish self-sustaining populations with an initial, measurable level of resistance to amitraz. standard counts of all ticks between 4.5 and 8.0mm diameter on one side of each animal were made each week and treatment w ... | 2010 | 20079571 |
| development and validation of a pcr-rflp test to identify african rhipicephalus (boophilus) ticks. | the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus has recently invaded west africa and caused anxiety amongst farmers in ivory coast, as livestock production was severely affected. the introduction of this tick species has remained unnoticed for several years, as all the members of this genus are very similar in appearance. to overcome the cumbersome morphological identification of the four closely related r. (boophilus) spp. in the region, a pcr-rflp test, based on a part of the second intern ... | 2010 | 20080073 |
| therapeutic and persistent efficacy of a long-acting (la) formulation of ivermectin against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) and sera concentration through time in treated cattle. | the concentration-time profile, therapeutic, and persistent efficacy of a single subcutaneous injection of cattle with a long-acting (la) formulation of ivermectin at a concentration of 630microg/kg of body weight were determined against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. ivermectin sera concentration in treated cattle increased to 13.0ppb within 1d after treatment, and peaked at 26.2ppb at 11d post-treatment. ivermectin sera levels remained above the threshold level for control of feeding tic ... | 2010 | 20080349 |
| ticks (acari: ixodoidea: argasidae, ixodidae) of china. | this paper presents results of an investigation and listing of tick species found in china during a survey in all 28 provinces. this will be a step towards a definitive list of tick species and their distribution. to date, the tick fauna of this area consists of 117 species in the following families: argasidae-argas (7 species), carios (4 species) and ornithodoros (2 species); ixodidae-amblyomma (8 species), anomalohimalaya (2 species), dermacentor (12 species), haemaphysalis (44 species), hyalo ... | 2010 | 20101443 |
| local immune response against larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus in bos taurus indicus and bos taurus taurus cattle. | bos taurus indicus cattle are less susceptible to infestation with rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus than bos taurus taurus cattle but the immunological basis of this difference is not understood. we compared the dynamics of leukocyte infiltrations (t cell subsets, b cells, major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii-expressing cells, granulocytes) in the skin near the mouthparts of larvae of r. microplus in b. t. indicus and b. t. taurus cattle. previously naïve cattle were infested with ... | 2010 | 20109460 |
| heterorhabditis amazonensis (rhabditidae: heterorhabditidae), strain rsc-5, for biological control of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different doses of heterorhabditis amazonensis rsc-5 on the biological parameters of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the female ticks, individually identified, were divided into six groups of 20 each and exposed to the following nematode concentrations: 0, 75, 150, 300, 600, and 1,200/female. the following parameters were observed: initial weight, final weight, alteration weight, egg mass weight, pre-oviposition peri ... | 2010 | 20127363 |
| characterization of ferritin 2 for the control of tick infestations. | ixodes ricinus is one the most abundant tick species in europe and these ticks transmit pathogens causing human and animal diseases. the cattle ticks, rhipicephalus (boophilus) spp., affect cattle production in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. development of vaccines directed against tick proteins may reduce tick infestations and the transmission of tick-borne pathogens. however, a limiting step in tick vaccine development has been the identification of tick protective antigens. he ... | 2010 | 20171306 |
| evaluation of the action of heterorhabditis bacteriophora (rhabditida: heterorhabditidae) isolate hp88 on the biology of engorged females of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different concentrations of the entomopathogenic nematode (epn) heterorhabditis bacteriophora strain hp88 on the biological parameters of the non-parasite phase of engorged females of the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. six groups were formed, each containing 20 engorged females, which were exposed to the following concentrations of infective juveniles of this nematode: 0, 75, 150, 300, 600 and 1200 epns/female, respective ... | 2010 | 20227185 |
| silencing of three amblyomma americanum (l.) insulin-like growth factor binding protein-related proteins prevents ticks from feeding to repletion. | the insulin-like growth factor (igf) binding proteins (igfbp) family is the regulatory arm of the igf signaling system that control mitogenic and anabolic actions of igf peptide hormones. this study describes cloning and biological characterization of three amblyomma americanum (l.) (aam) proteins that show amino-terminal sequence and secondary structure similarity to the igfbp superfamily. the three molecules here provisionally identified as aamigfbp-rp1 and short (s) and long (l) aamigfbp-rp6 ... | 2010 | 20228352 |
| multiple paternity in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus confirmed by microsatellite analysis. | the aim of this study was to determine if individual ticks among the progeny of a single female rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick removed from cattle under natural conditions are the result of mating with one or several males. to this end, simulations were run using an existing dataset of genotypes from 8 microsatellite loci to predict the number of samples required and the best locus. subsequently, 14-22 progeny from each of 15 engorged female ticks removed from three cows, and the engor ... | 2010 | 19693678 |
| suppressive subtractive hybridization analysis of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus larval and adult transcript expression during attachment and feeding. | ticks, as blood-feeding ectoparasites, affect their hosts both directly and as vectors of viral, bacterial and protozoal diseases. the tick's mode of feeding means it must maintain intimate contact with the host in the face of host defensive responses for a prolonged time. the parasite-host interactions are characterized by the host response and parasite counter-response which result in a highly complex biological system that is barely understood. we conducted transcriptomic analyses utilizing s ... | 2010 | 19836138 |
| modulation of cutaneous inflammation induced by ticks in contrasting phenotypes of infestation in bovines. | tick saliva contains molecules that are inoculated at the site of attachment on their hosts in order to modulate local immune responses and facilitate a successful blood meal. bovines express heritable, contrasting phenotypes of infestations with the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus: breeds of bos taurus indicus are significantly more resistant than those of bos taurus taurus. tick saliva may contain molecules that interfere with adhesion of leukocytes to endothelium and resistan ... | 2010 | 19836891 |
| exploring the midgut proteome of partially fed female cattle tick (rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus). | the continued development of effective anti-tick vaccines remains the most promising prospect for the control of the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. a vaccine based on midgut proteins could interfere with successful tick feeding and additionally interfere with midgut developmental stages of babesia parasites, providing opportunities for the control of both the tick and the pathogens it transmits. midgut proteins from partially fed adult female cattle ticks were analysed using a ... | 2010 | 19840806 |
| tick-susceptible bos taurus cattle display an increased cellular response at the site of larval rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus attachment, compared with tick-resistant bos indicus cattle. | cattle demonstrate divergent and heritable phenotypes of resistance and susceptibility to infestation with the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. bos indicus cattle are generally more resistant to tick infestation than bos taurus breeds although large variations in resistance can occur within subspecies and within breed. increased tick resistance has been previously associated with an intense hypersensitivity response in b. taurus breeds; however, the mechanism by which highly resi ... | 2010 | 19852965 |
| selection of an ivermectin-resistant strain of rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) in brazil. | resistance to ivermectin (ivm) in field populations of rhipicephalus microplus of brazil has been observed since 2001. in this work, four selection methods (infestations with: (1) ivm-treated larvae; (2) larvae from ivm-treated adult female ticks; (3) larvae from ivm-treated adult female ticks on an ivm-treated host; and (4) larvae obtained from ivm-treated females that produced eggs with a high eclosion rate) were used on a field population with an initial ivermectin (ivm) resistance ratio at l ... | 2010 | 19864067 |
| biochemical characterization of a kunitz type inhibitor similar to dendrotoxins produced by rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) hemocytes. | a novel chymotrypsin inhibitor identified in fat body and hemocyte cdna libraries of boophilus microplus was named bmci (b. microplus chymotrypsin inhibitor) (genbank eu636772). the putative bmci amino acid sequence presented a 22-residue-signal peptide and 58-residue-mature protein. bmci amino acid sequence analysis allowed its classification as a kunitz-bpti inhibitor with six cysteine residues, a theoretical pi of 7.8, and the presence of tyr at p1 position in the putative reactive site, sugg ... | 2010 | 19828254 |
| activation of several key components of the epidermal differentiation pathway in cattle following infestation with the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, and the diseases it transmits pose a persistent threat to tropical beef production. genetic selection of host resistance has become the method of choice for non-chemical control of cattle tick. previous studies have suggested that larval stages are most susceptible to host resistance mechanisms. to gain insights into the molecular basis of host resistance that occurs during r. microplus attachment, we assessed the abundance of proteins (by is ... | 2010 | 19909754 |
| two initial vaccinations with the bm86-based gavacplus vaccine against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus induce similar reproductive suppression to three initial vaccinations under production conditions. | the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, affects livestock production in many regions of the world. up to now, the widespread use of chemical acaricides has led to the selection of acaricide-resistant ticks and to environmental contamination. gavacplus is a subunit vaccine based on the recombinant bm86 tick antigen expressed in yeast, capable to control infestations of r. microplus under controlled and production conditions. the vaccine constitutes the core element of broad control ... | 2010 | 20846415 |
| molecular cloning of a small heat shock protein (shspii) from the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus salivary gland. | immunoscreening of a cdna expression library of the rhipicephalus (boophilus) annulatus tick with purified rabbit anti-r annulatus salivary glands antigens polyclonal antibodies led to the identification of a 661bp sequence. the sequence includes an open reading frame of 543bp encoding a protein of 180 amino acids with calculated molecular weight of 20.51kda, isoelectric point of 9.071 and with no signal sequence. comparison of the deduced amino acids with protein data bank showed that the ident ... | 2010 | 20723560 |
| bm86 midgut protein sequence variation in south texas cattle fever ticks. | abstract: | 2010 | 21047431 |
| rhipicephalus microplus salivary gland molecules induce differential cd86 expression in murine macrophages. | abstract: | 2010 | 21054882 |
| potential synergistic effect of melia azedarach fruit extract and beauveria bassiana in the control of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) in cattle infestations. | the use of a concentrate emulsion of melia azedarach green fruits and a suspension of the fungus beauveria bassiana was evaluated in the control of rhipicephalus microplus on artificially infested cattle. the evaluation was conducted following the protocol established by the brazilian agriculture ministry. five groups of 4 or 5 animals were allocated to one of the following treatments: emulsion concentrate of m. azedarach at 0.25% (t azed 0.25%), emulsion concentrate of m. azedarach at 0.5% (t a ... | 2010 | 21055878 |
| evaluation of bacillus thuringiensis pathogenicity for a strain of the tick, rhipicephalus microplus, resistant to chemical pesticides. | the pathogenicity of four native strains of bacillus thuringiensis against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrine) (acari: ixodidae) was evaluated. a r. microplus strain that is resistant to organophosphates, pyrethroids, and amidines, was used in this study. adult r. microplus females were bioassayed using the immersion test of drummond against 60 b. thuringiensis strains. four strains, gp123, gp138, gp130, and gp140, were found to be toxic. for the immersion test, the total protein co ... | 2010 | 21062139 |
| transcriptomic analysis of the temporal host response to skin infestation with the ectoparasitic mite psoroptes ovis. | infestation of ovine skin with the ectoparasitic mite psoroptes ovis results in a rapid cutaneous immune response, leading to the crusted skin lesions characteristic of sheep scab. little is known regarding the mechanisms by which such a profound inflammatory response is instigated and to identify novel vaccine and drug targets a better understanding of the host-parasite relationship is essential. the main objective of this study was to perform a combined network and pathway analysis of the in v ... | 2010 | 21067579 |
| the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus bm86 gene plays a critical role in the fitness of ticks fed on cattle during acute babesia bovis infection. | abstract: | 2010 | 21092112 |
| epidemiological analysis of tick-borne diseases in zambia. | tick-borne diseases are a constraint to livestock production in many developing countries as they cause high morbidity and mortality, which results in decreased production of meat, milk and other livestock by-products. the most important tick-borne diseases of livestock in sub-saharan africa are east coast fever (caused by theileria parva), babesiosis (caused by babesia bigemina and b. bovis), anaplasmosis (caused by anaplasma marginale) and heartwater (caused by ehrlichia ruminantium). despite ... | 2010 | 21106294 |
| megaselia scalaris reared on rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus laboratory cultures. | different laboratory cultures of the acarine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini, 1888) (ixodida: ixodidae) were infested by small megaselia scalaris (loew, 1866) (diptera: phoridae) flies. larvae of this species exhibited opportunistic parasitism predominantly on engorged female ticks, causing severe damage to their cuticle through which the flies were able to reach r. microplus internal organs, on which they fed until developing into pupae in the tick's remains. the flies were ... | 2010 | 21143490 |
| evaluation of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against parasites. | green nanoparticle synthesis has been achieved using environmentally acceptable plant extract and eco-friendly reducing and capping agents. the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of synthesized silver nanoparticles (agnps) using aqueous leaf extract of mimosa pudica gaertn (mimosaceae) against the larvae of malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi, filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae), and rhipicephalu ... | 2010 | 21181192 |
| ticks on birds in a forest fragment of brazilian cerrado (savanna) in the municipality of uberlândia, state of minas gerais, brazil. | this is a report of tick species, parasite prevalence and infestation intensity of birds in a forest fragment (18° 56' 57'' s and 48° 12' 14'' w) within the brazilian cerrado (savanna), in the municipality of uberlândia, state of minas gerais, brazil. a total of 162 birds from 26 species were captured. one adult tick, 296 larvae and 67 nymphs were found on passerine birds. of these, it was identified 31 larvae and 27 nymphs of amblyomma longirostre, 17 nymphs of a. nodosum, one a. cajennense lar ... | 2010 | 21184702 |
| bartonella and babesia infections in cattle and their ticks in taiwan. | bartonella and babesia infections and the association with cattle breed and age as well as tick species infesting selected cattle herds in taiwan were investigated. blood samples were collected from 518 dairy cows and 59 beef cattle on 14 farms and 415 ticks were collected from these animals or in a field. bartonella and babesia species were isolated and/or detected in the cattle blood samples and from a selected subset (n=254) of the ticks either by culture or dna extraction, pcr testing and dn ... | 2010 | 21194750 |
| effects of urea on the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | this study aimed at evaluating the effects of urea on rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. the experiment was divided into two stages. in stage i, brachiaria brizantha was placed into 30 pots, each with an area of 18 cm(2).these were divided into three groups of ten pots each: g1 non-treated control group, g2 treated with 15 g of urea per pot and g3 treated with 15 g of urea+10% of ammonium sulphate. three engorged female ticks were placed in each pot and then 1.8l of water were added. in the se ... | 2010 | 20855169 |
| identification of a dieldrin resistance-associated mutation in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini) (acari: ixodidae), is a major vector of tick fever organisms affecting cattle in many parts of the world, including australia, africa, and south america. control of the southern cattle tick through acaricide use is an important approach in disease management. resistance has emerged to many of the acaricides currently and previously used, including the cyclodienes. although cyclodiene resistance mechanisms have been charac ... | 2010 | 20857747 |
| laboratory evaluation of verbutin as a synergist of acaricides against larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | synergistic effects of verbutin, a member of aryl alkynyl derivatives, to three commonly used acaricides were evaluated with the modified food and agricultural organization larval packet test (fao-lpt) against both susceptible and resistant strains of the southern cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini) (acari: ixodidae). these tick strains demonstrated various levels of resistance to coumaphos (2.5-8.2x), permethrin (57.9-711.7x), and amitraz (3.5-177.5x). verbutin alone w ... | 2010 | 20857748 |
| acaricidal effect and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from cuminum cyminum, pimenta dioica and ocimum basilicum against the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | acaricidal activity of essential oils extracted from cumin seeds (cuminum cyminum), allspice berries (pimenta dioica) and basil leaves (ocimum basilicum) were tested on 10-day-old rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick larvae using the lpt. two-fold dilutions of the three essential oils were tested from a starting dilution of 20% down to 1.25%. results showed a high toxicological effect for cumin, producing 100% mortality in all tested concentrations on r. microplus larvae. similarly, allspice ... | 2010 | 20865426 |
| in vitro and in vivo efficacy of acorus calamus extract against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | to develop a environment friendly control measure against cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, medicinally important plants were identified and extracts were prepared. twelve 95% ethanolic, thirteen 50% hydroethanolic and nine hot water extracts were prepared and tested against laboratory reared homogenous colony of r. (b.) microplus. amongst the 34 extracts, 26 extracts showed no mortality within 72 h of application while 12.0 ± 4.9% to 35.0 ± 9.6% mortality of treated ticks was re ... | 2010 | 20886235 |
| lectins: production and practical applications. | lectins are proteins found in a diversity of organisms. they possess the ability to agglutinate erythrocytes with known carbohydrate specificity since they have at least one non-catalytic domain that binds reversibly to specific monosaccharides or oligosaccharides. this articles aims to review the production and practical applications of lectins. lectins are isolated from their natural sources by chromatographic procedures or produced by recombinant dna technology. the yields of animal lectins a ... | 2010 | 20890754 |
| evaluation of medicinal plant extracts against ticks and fluke. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of leaf hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of aegle marmelos (linn.) correa ex roxb, andrographis lineata wallich ex nees., andrographis paniculata (burm.f.) wallich ex nees., cocculus hirsutus (l.) diels, eclipta prostrata l., and tagetes erecta l. against the adult cattle tick haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann 1897 (acarina: ixodidae), the larvae of rhipicephalus ( ... | 2010 | 20922419 |
| differential expression of genes in resistant versus susceptible gyr x holstein cattle challenged with the tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the bovine tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus causes major losses in cattle production systems in tropical regions. bos indicus breeds are more resistant to ticks than b. taurus breeds. resistance genes could be an alternative to control this parasite. we examined the pattern of gene expression of three calcium-binding-protein genes: translationally controlled tumor protein 1 (tpt1), allergen bos d3 (s100a7), calcium channel protein transient receptor potential vanilloid 6 (trpv6), and the ... | 2010 | 20927715 |
| metarhizium anisopliae host-pathogen interaction: differential immunoproteomics reveals proteins involved in the infection process of arthropods. | metarhizium anisopliae is an entomopathogenic fungus well characterized for the biocontrol of a wide range of plagues. its pathogenicity depends on the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes that degrade the host cuticle. to identify proteins involved in the infection process and in host specify, immunoproteomic analysis was performed using antiserum produced against crude extract of m. anisopliae cultured in the presence of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus and dysdercus peruvianus cuticles. spots d ... | 2010 | 20943140 |
| in vitro acaricidal effect of tannin-rich plants against the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae). | the objectives of this study were to evaluate the in vitro acaricidal effects of lyophilized extracts of four tannin rich plants (acacia pennatula, piscidia piscipula, leucaena leucocephala and lysiloma latisiliquum) against diverse stages of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, and to asses whether tannins were involved in the acaricidal effect using polyethylene glycol (peg) to block tannins. larval immersion (lit) and adult immersion (ait) tests were used to evaluate the acaricidal effect of ... | 2010 | 20947253 |
| metarhizium anisopliae lipolytic activity plays a pivotal role in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus infection. | lipases secreted by metarhizium anisopliae, an important biological control agent, could potentially be involved in the host infection process. here, we present the activity profile during the host infection process and the effect of lipase activity inhibitor ebelactone b on infection. the previous treatment of spores with lipase activity inhibitor, ebelactone b, completely inhibited lipolytic activity and prevented the infection of the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus host. the results herei ... | 2010 | 20965056 |
| acaricidal efficacy against cattle ticks and acute oral toxicity of lippia javanica (burm f.) spreng. | in search for low-cost, safe and environmentally benign plant-based alternatives to commercial pesticides, the efficacy of lippia javanica aqueous leaf extracts in controlling ticks on cattle, acute oral toxicity in mice and phytochemistry were evaluated. l. javanica aqueous leaf extracts at 10% and 20% w/v were effective at controlling cattle ticks but not as good as an amitraz-based acaricide tickbuster. however, they can provide an effective tick control option where synthetic products are un ... | 2010 | 20978842 |
| the application of phage-displayed peptide libraries to ligand detection in eggs and larvae of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is an ectoparasite of cattle and is one of the major limiting factors in the use of bos taurus cattle in tropical and subtropical countries. current control relies heavily on chemotherapy with synthetic acaricides, which is threatened by the development of resistant tick populations. novel approaches to target discovery in cattle ticks may provide alternative strategies for the control of these parasites. the value of phage-display technology ... | 2010 | 20609525 |
| spread of parasites transported with their hosts: case study of two species of cattle tick. | like all parasites, ticks can be spread easily along with their hosts. ticks are obligate parasites of vertebrates, to which they attach themselves for varying periods of time, and are well-adapted to this mode of transport. once the transport stage is complete and they have detached at destination, they are also able to wait several months for the arrival of a new host on which they will continue their life cycle. this leads to the establishment of a secondary tick population. two tropical catt ... | 2010 | 20617654 |
| identification of a mutation in the para-sodium channel gene of the cattle tick rhipicephalus microplus associated with resistance to flumethrin but not to cypermethrin. | a mutation in the domain ii s4-5 linker region of the para-sodium channel gene has been associated previously with synthetic pyrethroid (sp) resistance in the cattle tick (rhipicephalus microplus) in australia. this is a c→a mutation at nucleotide position 190, which results in a leucine to isoleucine amino acid substitution (l64i). in a survey of 15 cattle tick populations with known sp resistance status, sourced from queensland and new south wales in australia, there was a strong relationship ... | 2010 | 20708620 |
| vitellin- and hemoglobin-digesting enzymes in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus larvae and females. | the aim of the present study was to address the involvement of rhipicephalus microplus larval cysteine endopeptidase (rmlce) in protein digestion in r. microplus larvae and adult females. in this work, an improved purification protocol for native rmlce was developed. partial amino acid sequence of the purified enzyme indicates that it is the same enzyme as boophilus microplus cathepsin-l1 (bmcl1). when vitellin (vt) degradation by egg and larval enzymes was analyzed, stage-specific differences f ... | 2010 | 20708708 |
| acaricidal activity of eugenol based compounds against scabies mites. | human scabies is a debilitating skin disease caused by the "itch mite" sarcoptes scabiei. ordinary scabies is commonly treated with topical creams such as permethrin, while crusted scabies is treated with topical creams in combination with oral ivermectin. recent reports of acaricide tolerance in scabies endemic communities in northern australia have prompted efforts to better understand resistance mechanisms and to identify potential new acaricides. in this study, we screened three essential oi ... | 2010 | 20711455 |
| a novel amino acid substitution in the para-sodium channel gene in rhipicephalus microplus (acari: ixodidae) associated with knockdown resistance. | resistance acquired by the tick rhipicephalus microplus (canestrini) to different types of ixodicides in mexico has had a negative impact on national and local livestock, mainly due to the transmission of diseases such as babesiosis and anaplasmosis, among others. the technique used for the diagnosis of resistance was that in the bioassays noted in the norma oficial mexicana (nom-006-zoo-1994). the purpose of this investigation was the determination of resistance to pyrethroids through isoleucin ... | 2010 | 20585841 |
| swift sympatric adaptation of a species of cattle tick to a new deer host in new caledonia. | the occurrence and frequency of sympatric speciation in natural systems continue to be hotly debated issues in evolutionary biology. this might reflect the timescale over which evolution occurs resulting in there being few compelling observations of the phenomenon (lake fishes, phytophagous insects and island trees). despite predictions, few examples of sympatric speciation have been recorded in animal parasites, at least widely accepted as such. here we show that, in new caledonia, the monophas ... | 2010 | 20601171 |
| efficiency of lecanicillium lecanii to control the tick rhipicephalus microplus. | rhipicephalus microplus, known as the cattle tick, causes serious economic losses in the brazilian cattle industry each year. traditional parasite control is primarily based on the use of chemical acaricides, which unfortunately have many negative side effects. biological control is seen as a promising alternative to chemical acaricide use. this study evaluates the entomopathogenic fungus lecanicillium lecanii for effectiveness in controlling engorged females, eggs, and larvae of r. microplus. c ... | 2010 | 20605335 |
| evaluation of reference genes for real-time pcr studies of brazilian somalis sheep infected by gastrointestinal nematodes. | precise normalization with reference genes is necessary, in order to obtain reliable relative expression data in response to gastrointestinal nematode infection. by using sheep from temperate regions as models, three reference genes, viz., ribosomal protein lo (rplo), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) and succinate dehydrogenase complex subunit a (sdha), were investigated in the abomasum, abomasal lymph nodes and small intestine of brazilian somalis sheep, either resistant or susc ... | 2010 | 21637421 |
| detection of theileria and babesia in brown brocket deer (mazama gouazoubira) and marsh deer (blastocerus dichotomus) in the state of minas gerais, brazil. | intraerythrocytic protozoan species of the genera theileria and babesia are known to infect both wild and domestic animals, and both are transmitted by hard-ticks of the family ixodidae. the prevalences of hemoprotozoa and ectoparasites in 15 free-living mazama gouazoubira, two captive m. gouazoubira and four captive blastocerus dichotomus from the state of minas gerais, brazil, have been determined through the examination of blood smears and the use of nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr). t ... | 2010 | 21354704 |
| expression of heat shock and other stress response proteins in ticks and cultured tick cells in response to anaplasma spp. infection and heat shock. | ticks are ectoparasites of animals and humans that serve as vectors of anaplasma and other pathogens that affect humans and animals worldwide. ticks and the pathogens that they transmit have coevolved molecular interactions involving genetic traits of both the tick and the pathogen that mediate their development and survival. in this paper, the expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) and other stress response proteins (srps) was characterized in ticks and cultured tick cells by proteomics and t ... | 2010 | 22084679 |
| species composition and geographic distribution of ticks infesting cattle, goats and dogs in a temperate and in a subtropical region of south-east africa. | the species and distribution of ticks infesting cattle, goats and dogs in the eastern region of the eastern cape province, south africa and maputo province, mozambique were determined from collections made from these animals at 72 localities in the former region and 30 in the latter. eleven ixodid and one argasid species were recovered in the eastern cape province and 15 ixodid species in maputo province. the most common ticks infesting cattle and goats in both provinces were amblyomma hebraeum, ... | 2009 | 21105593 |
| silencing of a putative immunophilin gene in the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus increases the infection rate of babesia bovis in larval progeny. | abstract: | 2009 | 19930572 |
| structure and mode of action of microplusin, a copper ii-chelating antimicrobial peptide from the cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | microplusin, a rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus antimicrobial peptide (amp) is the first fully characterized member of a new family of cysteine-rich amps with histidine-rich regions at the n and c termini. in the tick, microplusin belongs to the arsenal of innate defense molecules active against bacteria and fungi. here we describe the nmr solution structure of microplusin and demonstrate that the protein binds copper ii and iron ii. structured as a single alpha-helical globular domain, micro ... | 2009 | 19828445 |
| protective efficacy of bacterial membranes containing surface-exposed bm95 antigenic peptides for the control of cattle tick infestations. | the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus bm86 and bm95 glycoproteins are homologous proteins that protect cattle against tick infestations. in this study, we demonstrated that the recombinant chimeric protein comprising tick bm95 immunogenic peptides fused to the a. marginale msp1a n-terminal region for presentation on the escherichia coli membrane was protective against r. microplus infestations in rabbits. this system provides a novel and simple approach for the production of tick protective an ... | 2009 | 19835826 |
| hemoglobin digestion in blood-feeding ticks: mapping a multipeptidase pathway by functional proteomics. | hemoglobin digestion is an essential process for blood-feeding parasites. using chemical tools, we deconvoluted the intracellular hemoglobinolytic cascade in the tick ixodes ricinus, a vector of lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis. in tick gut tissue, a network of peptidases was demonstrated through imaging with specific activity-based probes and activity profiling with peptidic substrates and inhibitors. this peptidase network is induced upon blood feeding and degrades hemoglobin at acidic ... | 2009 | 19875079 |
| (1)h, (15)n and (13)c assignments of the rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus anti-microbial peptide microplusin. | microplusin, a rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus anti-microbial peptide (amp) is the first member of a new family of cysteine-rich amps with histidine-rich regions at the n- and c-termini, which is being fully characterized by biophysical and biochemical methods. here we report the nmr resonance assignments for (1)h, (15)n, and (13)c nuclei in the backbone and side chains of the microplusin as basis for further studies of structure, backbone dynamics and interactions mapping. | 2009 | 19888687 |
| a survey of ectoparasitic arthropods on domestic animals in tak province, thailand. | in july 2008 a survey of ectoparasites on domestic animals was conducted in the royal thai army areas of operation along the thai-myanmar border, tak province, thailand. eleven different ectoparasites were collected: two species of hard ticks (ixodidae), three species of fleas (siphonaptera) and 6 species of sucking or chewing lice (2 species each in the suborders anoplura, ischnocera and amblycera) were collected. domestic dogs (canis lupusfamiliaris) (n = 94) were found infested with 2 species ... | 2009 | 19842427 |
| biostable agonists that match or exceed activity of native insect kinins on recombinant arthropod gpcrs. | the multifunctional arthropod 'insect kinins' share the evolutionarily conserved c-terminal pentapeptide motif phe-x(1)-x(2)-trp-gly-nh(2), where x(1)=his, asn, ser, or tyr and x(2)=ser, pro, or ala. insect kinins regulate diuresis in many species of insects. compounds with similar biological activity could be exploited for the control of arthropod pest populations such as the mosquito aedes aegypti (l.) and the southern cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini), vectors of hu ... | 2009 | 18983996 |
| a survey of rhipicephalus microplus populations for mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance. | mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance were found in mexican strains of rhipicephalus microplus (canestrini). a mutation in the sodium channel gene was reported in strains highly resistant to permethrin and another mutation in an esterase gene in a strain that shows moderate resistance to the same pesticide. methods based on the melting temperature difference of amplified allele-specific dna fragments were developed that can detect these mutations rapidly in individual larvae. when thes ... | 2009 | 19253657 |
| phylogeographic analysis reveals association of tick-borne pathogen, anaplasma marginale, msp1a sequences with ecological traits affecting tick vector performance. | the tick-borne pathogen anaplasma marginale, which is endemic worldwide, is the type species of the genus anaplasma (rickettsiales: anaplasmataceae). rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus is the most important tick vector of a. marginale in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. despite extensive characterization of the genetic diversity in a. marginale geographic strains using major surface protein sequences, little is known about the biogeography and evolution of a. marginale and other a ... | 2009 | 19723295 |
| trafficking of heme and porphyrins in metazoa. | 2009 | 19764719 | |
| ticks on domestic animals in pernambuco, northeastern brazil. | the objective of this article was to discuss some aspects of ticks associated with domestic animals in the state of pernambuco, northeastern brazil, based on a literature review and present new data obtained from recent tick collections carried out in this northeastern brazilian state. from august 2007 to june 2008, 1,405 ticks were collected and five species were identified: amblyomma cajennense (fabricius, 1787), amblyomma ovale koch, 1844, dermacentor nitens neumann, 1897, rhipicephalus (boop ... | 2009 | 19772771 |
| differential immunoproteomics enables identification of metarhizium anisopliae proteins related to rhipicephalus microplus infection. | differential immunoproteomics was applied to identify proteins secreted by metarhizium anisopliae induced by the rhipicephalus microplus cuticle. in addition, igg anti-spore surface proteins were used for searching for proteins possibly involved in early stages of fungus versus tick infection. lc-ms/ms of differentially secreted proteins led to the identification of proteases (carboxypeptidase and pr1a), chitinase, carboxylic acid transport and proline-rich protein. differential immunoproteomics ... | 2009 | 19800970 |
| identification of a synthetic peptide inducing cross-reactive antibodies binding to rhipicephalus (boophilus) decoloratus, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and rhipicephalus appendiculatus bm86 homologues. | the bm86 antigen, originally identified in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, is the basis of the only commercialized anti-tick vaccine. the long-term goal of our study is to improve bm86 based vaccines by induction of high levels of tick gut binding antibodies that are also cross-reactive with a range of bm86 homologues expressed in other important tick species. here we have used a bd86 derived synthetic peptide, bd86-3, to raise a series of mouse monoclonal antibodies. one of these mabs, nam ... | 2009 | 19808026 |
| immune response of bovines stimulated by synthetic vaccine sbm7462 against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | ten-month-old calves bos taurus taurus were immunized with three doses of sbm7462 with saponin as an adjuvant at 30-day intervals and were evaluated for igg isotypes, phenotype circulating lymphocytes and changes in the lymph nodes (ln). sbm7462 stimulated the production of predominantly igg1-isotype igg antibodies. the lymph nodes exhibited activation at the seventh day after the first immunization, with areas of paracortical and interfollicular hyperplasia and the early formation of germinal c ... | 2009 | 19811877 |
| adulticidal and larvicidal efficacy of some medicinal plant extracts against tick, fluke and mosquitoes. | the adulticidal and larvicidal effect of indigenous plant extracts were investigated against the adult cattle tick haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann, 1897 (acarina: ixodidae), sheep fluke paramphistomum cervi zeder, 1790 (digenea: paramphistomatidae), fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi and japanese encephalitis vector, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles (diptera: culicidae). the aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effect of leaf hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ... | 2009 | 19819626 |
| two novel neuropeptides in innervation of the salivary glands of the black-legged tick, ixodes scapularis: myoinhibitory peptide and sifamide. | the peptidergic signaling system is an ancient cell-cell communication mechanism that is involved in numerous behavioral and physiological events in multicellular organisms. we identified two novel neuropeptides in the neuronal projections innervating the salivary glands of the black-legged tick, ixodes scapularis (say, 1821). myoinhibitory peptide (mip) and sifamide immunoreactivities were colocalized in the protocerebral cells and their projections terminating on specific cells of salivary gla ... | 2009 | 19824085 |
| exogenous insulin stimulates glycogen accumulation in rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus embryo cell line bme26 via pi3k/akt pathway. | ticks are obligatory blood-feeding arthropods and important vectors of both human and animal disease agents. besides its metabolic role, insulin signaling pathway (isp) is widely described as crucial for vertebrate and invertebrate embryogenesis, development and cell survival. in such cascade, phosphatidylinositol 3-oh kinase (pi3k) is hierarchically located upstream protein kinase b (pkb). to study the insulin-triggered pathway and its possible roles during embryogenesis we used a culture of em ... | 2009 | 19268713 |
| effects of climate change on ticks and tick-borne diseases in europe. | zoonotic tick-borne diseases are an increasing health burden in europe and there is speculation that this is partly due to climate change affecting vector biology and disease transmission. data on the vector tick ixodes ricinus suggest that an extension of its northern and altitude range has been accompanied by an increased prevalence of tick-borne encephalitis. climate change may also be partly responsible for the change in distribution of dermacentor reticulatus. increased winter activity of i ... | 2009 | 19277106 |
| in vitro tests to establish lc50 and discriminating concentrations for fipronil against rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (acari: ixodidae) and their standardization. | laboratory test was carried out on larvae and adults of the cattle tick, rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus, to determine fipronil toxicity. adult immersion test (ait, n=26), larval immersion test (lit, n=71) and larval packet test (lpt, n=41) were standardized using susceptible strain (mozo). dose-response curves were compared with a fipronil resistant strain. four variables were analyzed from ait results: mortality, weight of eggs on day 7 and on day 14, index of fertility, and index of fecun ... | 2009 | 19278787 |
| expression and activity of glycogen synthase kinase during vitellogenesis and embryogenesis of rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus. | glycogen synthase kinase 3 (gsk-3) is classically described as a key enzyme involved in glycogen metabolism in mammals. gsk-3 belongs to a highly conserved family of serine/threonine protein kinases, whose members are involved in hormonal regulation, nuclear signaling, and cell fate determination in higher eukaryotes. we have cloned and characterized the rmgsk-3 gene from rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus tick embryos. dna and protein sequence analysis depicted high similarity to the correspon ... | 2009 | 19285806 |
| genetic diversity of anaplasma marginale in argentina. | bovine anaplasmosis caused by anaplasma marginale is a worldwide major constraint to cattle production. the a. marginale major surface protein 1 alpha (msp1alpha) gene contains a variable number of tandem repeats in the amino terminal region and has been used for the characterization of pathogen genetic diversity. this study reports the first characterization of a. marginale genetic diversity in argentina based on msp1alpha genotypes and its putative relationship with rhipicephalus (boophilus) m ... | 2009 | 19285808 |
| the efficiency of avermectins (abamectin, doramectin and ivermectin) in the control of boophilus microplus, in artificially infested bovines kept in field conditions. | tests were performed on artificially infested bovines, kept in field conditions, to assess the efficiency of avermectins (abamectin, doramectin and ivermectin) on boophilus microplus (canestrini, 1887). this assessment was carried out on 40 bovines, in the paraíba valley, in the state of são paulo, brazil. these bovines were distributed into four groups (abamectin, doramectin, ivermectin and a control group), after artificial infestation with some 4000 larvae per animal on days -21, -14, -7, -1, ... | 2009 | 19286322 |
| expression of intracellular calcium signalling genes in cattle skin during tick infestation. | it is widely acknowledged that changes in intracellular calcium ion (ca(2+)) concentration provide dynamic signals that control a plethora of cellular processes, including triggering and mediating host defence mechanisms. in this study, quantitative real-time pcr was used to analyse gene expression of 14 ca(2+) signalling proteins in skin obtained from high tick-resistant (hr) and low tick-resistant (lr) cattle following artificial challenge with cattle tick (rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus) ... | 2009 | 19292769 |
| laboratory determination of efficacy of indigenous plant extracts for parasites control. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol dried leaf, flower, and seed extracts of achyranthes aspera l., anisomeles malabarica (l.) r. br., gloriosa superba l., psidium guajava l., ricinus communis l., and solanum trilobatum l. tested against the larvae of cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini 1887) (acari: ixodidae), sheep internal parasite paramphistom ... | 2009 | 19308453 |