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some studies of alpha-amylase production using aspergillus oryzae.the extracellular alpha-amylase production by aspergillus oryzae was studied in submerged fermentation using an adlof-kuhner orbital shaker. the effect of initial ph values in the range of 4 to 7.5 on enzyme production was investigated and initial ph medium of 6.2 +/- 0.1 resulted in enhanced alpha-amylase production. the effect of carbon and nitrogen source and composition was examined and it has been observed that corn starch concentration of 15 g l(-1) has sound effect on enzyme production. t ...200819260332
late stage oxidations during the biosynthesis of the 2-pyridone tenellin in the entomopathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana.late stage oxidations during the biosynthesis of the 2-pyridone tenellin in the insect pathogenic fungus beauveria bassiana were investigated by a combination of gene knockout, antisense rna, and gene coexpression studies. open reading frames (orf) 3 and 4 of the tenellin biosynthetic gene cluster were previously shown to encode a trans-acting enoyl reductase and a hybrid polyketide synthase nonribosomal peptide synthetase (pks-nrps), respectively, which together synthesize the acyltetramic acid ...200819067514
enzymatically hydrolyzed lactotripeptides do not lower blood pressure in mildly hypertensive subjects.several placebo-controlled clinical studies suggest that products containing isoleucyl-prolyl-proline and valyl-prolyl-proline are able to lower blood pressure without adverse effects. the most efficient way of producing high concentrations of these lactotripeptides (ltps) is enzymatic hydrolysis of dairy protein (casein) with the use of a mixture of several enzymes derived from the nongenetically modified organism aspergillus oryzae, including proteases and peptidases. to date, no large studies ...200819064533
beneficial effects of oral tilactase on patients with hypolactasia.a lactose-free diet is commonly prescribed to subjects with hypolactasia. we tested the effectiveness of a single ingestion of tilactase (a beta-d-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae) in adults with hypolactasia, previously assessed by lactose h(2)-breath test.200819021701
scientific advances with aspergillus species that are used for food and biotech applications.yeast and filamentous fungi have been used for centuries in diverse biotechnological processes. fungal fermentation technology is traditionally used in relation to food production, such as for bread, beer, cheese, sake and soy sauce. last century, the industrial application of yeast and filamentous fungi expanded rapidly, with excellent examples such as purified enzymes and secondary metabolites (e.g. antibiotics), which are used in a wide range of food as well as non-food industries. research o ...200821558706
radiobiological investigations of soft x-rays near carbon, nitrogen, oxygen k-shell edges on aspergillus oryzae spores.soft x-rays at carbon, nitrogen, oxygen k-shell edges have special radiobiological effects. using aspergillus oryzae spores as sample, the radiation effects of soft x-rays near the k-shell edges of c, n and o elements from synchrotron radiation were investigated. also the dose depositions of different x-ray energies in spore were discussed. at the same time, the spores were irradiated by gamma rays from 60co and relative biological effects were compared with those produced by soft x-rays. the re ...200817545664
change in turnover capacity of crude recombinant dye-decolorizing peroxidase (rdyp) in batch and fed-batch decolorization of remazol brilliant blue r.decolorization of the representative anthraquinone dye, remazol brilliant blue r (rbbr) was assessed to determine the practical potential of crude recombinant dye-decolorizing peroxidase generated by aspergillus oryzae (rdyp) in term of turnover capacity of rdyp. the turnover capacity, defined as the milligram of rbbr decolorized per unit of rdyp inactivated over the catalytic life time of rdyp, was quantified under condition by h(2)o(2) -mediated rdyp inactivation. in batch culture, equimolar b ...200717569040
comparative profiles of alpha-amylase production in conventional tray reactor and growtek bioreactor.growtek bioreactor was used as modified solid-state fermentor to circumvent many of the problems associated with the conventional tray reactors for solid-state fermentation (ssf). aspergillus oryzae ifo-30103 produced very high levels of alpha-amylase by modified solid-state fermentation (mssf) compared to ssf carried out in enamel coated metallic trays utilizing wheat bran as substrate. high alpha-amylase yield of 15,833 u g(-1) dry solid in mssf were obtained when the fungus were cultivated at ...200717573554
the promoter activity of isovaleryl-coa dehydrogenase-encoding gene (ivda) from aspergillus oryzae is strictly repressed by glutamic acid.we cloned the isovaleryl-coa dehydrogenase (ivd)-encoding gene from aspergillus oryzae. the promoter of ivda was subjected to beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter assays in which certain amino acids were used as a major carbon source. l-leucine most strongly induced gus-activity, while in the case of l-glutamate, significantly low activity was found, indicating that ivda transcription was strongly repressed by glutamic acid.200717587691
systematic analysis of snare localization in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.in spite of their great importance for both applied and basic biology, studies on vesicular trafficking in filamentous fungi have been so far very limited. here, we identified 21 genes, which might be a total set, encoding putative snare proteins that are key factors for vesicular trafficking, taking advantage of available whole genome sequence in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae. the subsequent systematic analysis to determine the localization of putative snares using egfp-fused chimer ...200717590362
microbial production of sensory-active miraculin.miraculin (mcl), a tropical fruit protein, is unique in that it has taste-modifying activity to convert sourness to sweetness, though flat in taste at neutral ph. to obtain a sufficient amount of mcl to examine the mechanism involved in this sensory event at the molecular level, we transformed aspergillus oryzae by introducing the mcl gene. transformants were expressed and secreted a sensory-active form of mcl yielding 2 mg/l. recombinant mcl resembled native mcl in the secondary structure and t ...200717592723
enhancement of substrate recognition ability by combinatorial mutation of beta-glucosidase displayed on the yeast cell surface.recently, in family 3 beta-glucosidase (bgl), the catalytically important asp nucleophile has been identified in the sdw segment of the sdwg sequence by site-directed mutagenesis. however, the details about the roles of each amino acid residue of the sdwg sequence have not been investigated. w293 of the sdw segment, which is the residue next to the nucleophile (d292) in family 3 bgl, is very important for hydrolytic reaction as a binder to a substrate. g294 of the sdwg sequence might play an imp ...200717602218
the glucoamylase-encoding gene (glab) is expressed in solid-state culture with a low water content.solid-state culture encourages high-level enzyme secretion by aspergillus oryzae. using the real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, we confirmed that expression of the glucoamylase-encoding gene in a. oryzae cultured in solid-state culture depends on the water content of the culture.200717617703
double disruption of the proteinase genes, tppa and pepe, increases the production level of human lysozyme by aspergillus oryzae.in this study, we investigated the effects of proteinase gene disruption on heterologous protein production by aspergillus oryzae. the human lysozyme (hly) was selected for recombinant production as a model for the heterologous protein. a tandem hly construct fused with alpha-amylase (amyb) was expressed by a. oryzae in which the kex2 cleavage site was inserted at the upstream of hly. hly was successfully processed from amyb and produced in the medium. we performed a systematic disruption analys ...200717622525
molecular cloning, and characterization of a modular acetyl xylan esterase from the edible straw mushroom volvariella volvacea.a new volvariella volvacea gene encoding an acetyl xylan esterase (designated as vvaxe1) was cloned and expressed in pichia pastoris. the cdna contained an orf of 1047 bp encoding 349 amino acids with a calculated mass of 39 990 da. vvaxe1 is a modular enzyme consisting of an n-terminal signal peptide, a catalytic domain, and a cellulose-binding domain. the amino acid sequence of the enzyme exhibited a high degree of similarity to cinnamoyl esterase b from penicillium funiculosum, and acetyl xyl ...200717623028
mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of methanol extracts of unfermented and fermented black soybeans.in this study, solid fermentation of steamed black soybean with various gras (generally recognized as safe) filamentious-fungi including aspergillus awamori, aspergillus oryzae bcrc 30222, aspergillus sojae bcrc 30103, rhizopus azygosporus bcrc 31158 and rhizopus sp. no. 2 was performed. mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of the methanol extracts of unfermented and fermented steamed black soybeans against 4-nitroquinoline-n-oxide (4-nqo), a direct mutagen and benzo[a]pyrene (b[a]p), an indirect m ...200717628128
development of an efficient production method for beta-mannosidase by the creation of an overexpression system in aspergillus aculeatus.to develop an overexpression system in aspergillus aculeatus in order to establish an efficient overproduction method of beta-mannosidase (manb).200717651209
[rapd analysis of aspergilli and its application in brewing industry].phylogenetic analysis of sixteen aspergilli was done by rapd technology, using aspergillus oryzae as3.951, aspergillus flavus gim3.18 and aspergillus sojae as3.495 as controls. first, genome dna of the sixteen test strains were prepared by improved extraction method, and their quality was verified by electrophoresis and spectrophotometry. they displayed an identical band (approximately 20 kb) in agarose gel electrophoresis, which conformed to the fact that these strains all belong to aspergillus ...200717672321
iron chelated cyclic peptide, ferrichrysin, for oral treatment of iron deficiency: solution properties and efficacy in anemic rats.ferrichrysin (fcy), which is produced by aspergillus oryzae and is present in foods used for human consumption, belongs to a group of hydroxamate siderophore ferric iron chelators. fcy (100 mg/ml) dissolves completely at both ph 2.0 and 7.0, being very stable at a wide range of ph, high temperatures and pressures, with little reactivity to dietary iron absorption inhibitors, phytic acid, tannic acid, and catechin. we studied the effect of fcy in male sprague-dawley rats with iron-deficiency anem ...200717685091
light represses conidiation in koji mold aspergillus oryzae.in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae, there has been no report on photoreaction. here we investigated the effect of light in a. oryzae and found that conidiation was repressed by white light. this reaction is contrary to that of other aspergilli, which show abundant conidiation under light. moreover, red light also caused reduced conidiation. genome sequencing of a. oryzae indicated the existence of homologs of some light-related genes in other filamentous fungi. to approach the molecula ...200717690479
high performance microbiological transformation of l-tyrosine to l-dopa by yarrowia lipolytica nrrl-143.the 3,4-dihydroxy phenyl l-alanine (l-dopa) is a drug of choice for parkinson's disease, controlling changes in energy metabolism enzymes of the myocardium following neurogenic injury. aspergillus oryzae is commonly used for l-dopa production; however, potential improvements in ease of handling, growth rate and environmental impact have led to an interest in exploiting alternative yeasts. the two important elements required for l-dopa production are intracellular tyrosinases (thus pre-grown yeas ...200717705832
indirect enzyme-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of taxi and xip type xylanase inhibitors in wheat and other cereals.to quantify triticum aestivum xylanase inhibitor (taxi) and xylanase inhibiting protein (xip) type proteins in cereals in general and wheat ( t. aestivum) in particular, a robust enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using an uncommon enzyme-antibody sandwich format was developed. bacillus subtilis glycoside hydrolase family (gh) 11 and aspergillus oryzae gh 10 xylanases were selected for coating elisa plate wells to capture taxi and xip, respectively, prior to probing with antibodies. the d ...200717715986
aggregation of endosomal-vacuolar compartments in the aovps24-deleted strain in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.previously, we found that deletion of aovps24, an ortholog of saccharomyces cerevisiae vps24, that encodes an escrt (endosomal sorting complex required for transport)-iii component required for late endosomal function results in fragmented and aggregated vacuoles. although defective late endosomal function is likely responsible for this phenotype, critical lack of our knowledge on late endosomes in filamentous fungi prevented us from further characterization. in this study, we identified late en ...200717719006
effects of a dietary aspergillus oryzae extract containing alpha-amylase activity on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle.three experiments were conducted to examine the effects of an aspergillus oryzae extract containing alpha-amylase activity on performance and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle. in exp. 1, 120 crossbred steers were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of roughage source (alfalfa hay vs. cottonseed hulls) and supplemental alpha-amylase at 950 dextrinizing units (du)/kg of dm. significant roughage source x alpha-amylase interactions (p < 0.05) were obser ...200717121970
substrate specificity of n-acetylhexosaminidase from aspergillus oryzae to artificial glycosyl acceptors having various substituents at the reducing ends.the substrate specificity of n-acetylhexosaminidase (e.c. 3.2.1.51) from aspergillus oryzae was examined using p-nitrophenyl 6-o-sulfo-n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminide (6-o-sulfo-glcnac-o-pnp) as the glycosyl donor and a series of beta-d-glucopyranosides and n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminides with variable aglycons at the anomeric positions as the acceptors. when beta-d-glucopyranosides with methyl (ch(3)), allyl (ch(2)chch(2)), and phenyl (c(6)h(5)) groups at the reducing end were used as the acceptor ...200717145046
function analysis of stea homolog in aspergillus oryzae.the asexual ascomycete aspergillus oryzae has an stea homolog in its genome. the stea homolog of a. oryzae was transcribed in the wild-type strain but stea disruption did not affect the phenotype of the disruptant strain. on the other hand, the stea-overexpressing strain showed the restriction of vegetative hyphal growth and conidiation, and the formation of balloon-shaped structures. the restriction of vegetative hyphal growth and conidiation were partially rescued by high osmolarity. in additi ...200717178246
autophagy during conidiation and conidial germination in filamentous fungi.filamentous fungi form aerial hyphae on solid medium, and some of these differentiate into conidiophores for asexual sporulation (conidiation). in the filamentous deuteromycete, aspergillus oryzae, aerial hyphae are formed from the foot cells and some differentiate into conidiophores, which are composed of vesicles, phialides and conidia. recently, we isolated the yeast atg8 gene homologue aoatg8 from a. oryzae, and visualized autophagy by the expression of an egfp (enhanced green fluorescent pr ...200717183223
fungal strains isolated from cork stoppers and the formation of 2,4,6-trichloroanisole involved in the cork taint of wine.cork taint is mainly due to 2,4,6-trichloroanisole (tca) produced through the activity of undesirable fungal strains. we observed that cfu mould number in tca-containing stoppers was not quantitatively different to that of the stoppers not containing tca (ca. 10(5)cfu/g). in contrast more fungi diversity was observed in tca-containing stoppers. penicillium spp (penicillium chrysogenum, penicillium glabrum), aspergillus spp (aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae), chrysonilia sitophila, mucor ...200717188205
gene silencing by rna interference in the koji mold aspergillus oryzae.we found the orthologous genes required for rna interference (rnai) in the aspergillus oryzae genome database, and constructed a set of tools for gene silencing using rnai in a. oryzae. this system utilizes compatible restriction enzyme sites so that only a single target gene fragment is required to create the hairpin rna cassette. for ease of handling, we also separated the construction of the hairpin rna cassette for the target gene from its subsequent introduction into the expression vector. ...200717213655
development of recombinant aspergillus oryzae whole-cell biocatalyst expressing lipase-encoding gene from candida antarctica.to expand the industrial applications of candida antarctica lipase b (calb), we developed aspergillus oryzae whole-cell biocatalyst expressing the lipase-encoding gene from c. antarctica. a. oryzae niad300, which was derived from the wild type strain rib40, was used as the host strain. the calb gene was isolated from c. antarctica cbs6678 and expression plasmids were constructed with and without secretion signal peptide. the lipase gene was expressed under the control of improved glaa and pno-81 ...200717225093
nitrocellulose as a general tool for fungal slide mounts. 200717251407
profiling of glycosidase activities using coumarin-conjugated glycoside cocktails.glycosidases are a large subgroup of carbohydrate-processing enzymes that hydrolytically cleave the glycosidic bond. glycans formed by the action of glycosidases are involved in various biological processes. genetic abnormalities in glycosidases are associated with inherited diseases. thus, characterization of the catalytic activities of glycosidases is of great importance. herein, we describe a simple and rapid approach for determining glycosidase activity profiles using coumarin-conjugated gly ...200717256948
the antifungal protein afp from aspergillus giganteus inhibits chitin synthesis in sensitive fungi.the antifungal protein afp from aspergillus giganteus is highly effective in restricting the growth of major human- and plant-pathogenic filamentous fungi. however, a fundamental prerequisite for the use of afp as an antifungal drug is a complete understanding of its mode of action. in this study, we performed several analyses focusing on the assumption that the chitin biosynthesis of sensitive fungi is targeted by afp. here we show that the n-terminal domain of afp (amino acids 1 to 33) is suff ...200717277210
calcium alginate entrapped preparations of aspergillus oryzae beta galactosidase: its stability and applications in the hydrolysis of lactose.insoluble concanavalin a-beta galactosidase complex was obtained by using jack bean extract and this complex was crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, in order to maintain the integrity of complex in the presence of its substrate or products. concanavalin a-beta galactosidase complex retained 92% of the initial enzyme activity whereas crosslinked complex showed 88% activity. entrapment of concanavalin a-beta galactosidase complex into calcium alginate beads provided suitability to use this preparatio ...200717298841
temperature impacts the multiple attack action of amylases.the action pattern of several amylases was studied at 35, 50, and 70 degrees c using potato amylose, a soluble (red starch) and insoluble (cross-linked amylose) chromophoric substrate. with potato amylose as substrate, bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-amylase (bsta) and porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase displayed a high degree of multiple attack (dma, i.e., the number of bonds broken during the lifetime of an enzyme-substrate complex minus one), the fungal alpha-amylase from aspergillus oryzae a ...200717309295
[blood pressure lowering tripeptides derived from milk protein].fermentation of milk by the lactobacillus helveticus lbk-16h or hydrolysis of casein by protease of aspergillus oryzae generates the tripeptide casokinines val-pro-pro and ile-pro-pro. these peptides inhibit the kininase ii (also known as angiotensin converting enzyme, ace). daily intake of these peptides in sufficient amounts in milk, fruit vegetable drinks or pills slightly decreases the blood pressure in hypertensive patients. the currently available milk peptides decrease the blood pressure ...200717323290
biotransformation of piceid in polygonum cuspidatum to resveratrol by aspergillus oryzae.biotransformation of piceid in polygonum cuspidatum to resveratrol by aspergillus oryzae was investigated in this study. resveratrol is widely used in medicine, food, and cosmetic because of its pharmacological properties. however, it has a much lower content in plants compared with its glucoside piceid, which has a much lower bioavailability. traditionally, the aglycone is acquired by acid or enzymatic hydrolysis of its glucoside, but the violent condition and the acid pollution in hydrolytic r ...200717333175
genomics of aspergillus oryzae.the genome sequence of aspergillus oryzae, a fungus used in the production of the traditional japanese fermentation foods sake (rice wine), shoyu (soy sauce), and miso (soybean paste), has revealed prominent features in its gene composition as compared to those of saccharomyces cerevisiae and neurospora crassa. the a. oryzae genome is extremely enriched with genes involved in biomass degradation, primary and secondary metabolism, transcriptional regulation, and cell signaling. even compared to t ...200717341818
chemopreventive effect of fermented brown rice and rice bran on 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide-induced oral carcinogenesis in rats.the preventive effects of the dietary administration of brown rice and rice bran fermented with aspergillus oryzae (fbra) on oral carcinogenesis induced by 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-nqo) were investigated in male f344 rats. at 7 weeks of age, the animals were given 20 ppm 4-nqo in their drinking water for 8 weeks to induce tongue neoplasms. groups of rats were fed diets containing 5 or 10% fbra during the initiation or postinitiation phases of the 4-nqo-induced oral carcinogenesis. the other g ...200717342331
alpha-galactosidase production by aspergillus oryzae in solid-state fermentation.comparisons were made for alpha-galactosidase production using red gram plant waste (rgpw) with wheat bran (wb) and other locally available substrates using the fungus aspergillus oryzae under solid-state fermentation (ssf). rgpw proved to be potential substrate for alpha-galactosidase production as it gave higher enzyme titers (3.4 u/g) compared to wb (2.7 u/g) and other substrates tested. mixing wb with rgpw (1:1, w/w) resulted enhanced alpha-galactosidase yield. the volume of moistening agent ...200716713256
substrate and positional specificity of feruloyl esterases for monoferuloylated and monoacetylated 4-nitrophenyl glycosides.4-nitrophenyl glycosides of 2-, 3-, and 5-o-(e)-feruloyl- and 2- and 5-o-acetyl-alpha-l-arabinofuranosides and of 2-, 3-, and 4-o-(e)-feruloyl- and 2-, 3- and 4-o-acetyl-beta-d-xylopyranosides, compounds mimicking natural substrates, were used to investigate substrate and positional specificity of type-a, -b, and -c feruloyl esterases. all the feruloyl esterases behave as true feruloyl esterases showing negligible activity on sugar acetates. type-a enzymes, represented by anfaea from aspergillus ...200716901567
tannase production by solid state fermentation of cashew apple bagasse.the ability of aspergillus oryzae for the production of tannase by solid state fermentation was investigated using cashew apple bagasse (cab) as substrate. the effect of initial water content was studied and maximum enzyme production was obtained when 60 ml of water was added to 100.0 g of cab. the fungal strain was able to grow on cab without any supplementation but a low enzyme activity was obtained, 0.576 u/g of dry substrate (g(ds)). optimization of process parameters such as supplementation ...200718478425
[lipase-catalyzed production of biodiesel from high acid value waste oil with ultrasonic assistant].biodiesel fuel produced with the enzyme-catalyzed esterification and transesterification of high acid value waste oil through ultrasonic assistant was explored. propyl oleate, biodiesel, converted from high acid value waste oil and 1-proponal catalyzed with immobilized lipases from candida antarctica and aspergillus oryzae in conditions of ultrasonic assistant. commercial immobilized lipase novozym 435 from c. antarctica was used as biocatalyst catalyzing high acid value waste oil and 1-proponal ...200718257248
some distinguishable properties between acid-stable and neutral types of alpha-amylases from acid-producing koji.the highly humid climate of japan facilitates the growth of various molds. among these molds, aspergillus oryzae is the most important and popular in japan, and has been used as yellow-koji in producing many traditional fermented beverages and foods, such as japanese sake, and soy sauce. taka-amylase a (taa), a major enzyme produced by the mold, is well known worldwide to be a leading enzyme for industrial utilization and academic study, since many extensive studies have been carried out with ta ...200718086434
functional analysis of genes encoding putative oxidoreductases in aspergillus oryzae, which are similar to fungal fructosyl-amino acid oxidase.we found 11 genes (fao1-11) encoding putative oxidoreductases in the aspergillus oryzae genome, which are similar to fungal fructosyl-amino acid oxidases. the cdnas corresponding to the genes were cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. rfao2 had fructosyl-amino acid oxidase activity, whereas rfao1 did not show any enzyme activity, even though the deduced amino acid sequence of fao1 is identical to that of one of the fructosyl-amino acid oxidase isozymes from aspergillus oryzae. rfao7 and rfao ...200718086445
a proteomics strategy to discover beta-glucosidases from aspergillus fumigatus with two-dimensional page in-gel activity assay and tandem mass spectrometry.economically competitive production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass by enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation is currently limited, in part, by the relatively high cost and low efficiency of the enzymes required to hydrolyze cellulose to fermentable sugars. discovery of novel cellulases with greater activity could be a critical step in overcoming this cost barrier. beta-glucosidase catalyzes the final step in conversion of glucose polymers to glucose. despite the importance, only a few be ...200718020405
[expression of pectin lyase 1 from aspergillus oryzae in escherichia coli].pectin lyases from aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger are usually used for the production of traditional fermented foods, but these fungi produce less pectinases under natural conditions. the cdna coding mature pell (without signal peptide) was amplified from aspergillus oryzae by rt-pcr. pell cdna was cloned into pet-28a ( + ) expression vector, then was transformed into e. coli turner (de3) plac i cells to express pell with 6-his tag. for improving the efficiency of pell expression in e. ...200718051868
degradation of raffinose oligosaccharides in soymilk by immobilized alpha-galactosidase of aspergillus oryzae.alpha-galactosidase was immobilized in a mixture of k-carrageenan and locust bean gum. the properties of the free and immobilized enzyme were then determined. the optimum ph for both the soluble and immobilized enzyme was 4.8. the optimum temperature for the soluble enzymes was 50 degrees c, whereas that for the immobilized enzyme was 55 degrees c. the immobilized enzyme was used in batch, repeated batch, and continuous modes to degrade the raffinose-family sugars present in soymilk. two hours o ...200718062219
molecular cloning and characterization of an alpha-amylase from pichia burtonii 15-1.an alpha-amylase secreted by pichia burtonii 15-1 isolated from a traditional starter murcha of nepal, named pichia burtonii alpha-amylase (pba), was studied. the gene was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. pba was deduced to consist of 494 amino acid residues. it shared certain degrees of amino acid sequence identity with other homologous proteins: 60% with schwanniomyces occidentalis alpha-amylase, 58% with saccharomycopsis sp. alpha-amylase, and 47% with taka-amylase a from as ...200718071262
identification and characterization of an intracellular lectin, calnexin, from aspergillus oryzae using n-glycan-conjugated beads.recently, asparagine-linked oligosaccharides (n-glycans) have been found to play a pivotal role in glycoprotein quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum (er). in order to screen proteins interacting with n-glycans, we developed affinity chromatography by conjugating synthetic n-glycans on sepharose beads. using the affinity beads with the dodecasaccharide glc(1)man(9)glcnac(2), one structure of the n-glycans, a 75-kda protein, was isolated from the membranous fraction including the er in asp ...200717986781
genes differentially expressed by aspergillus flavus strains after loss of aflatoxin production by serial transfers.aflatoxins are carcinogenic fungal secondary metabolites produced by aspergillus flavus and other closely related species. levels of aflatoxins in agricultural commodities are stringently regulated by many countries because of the health hazard, and thus, aflatoxins are of major concern to both producers and consumers. a cluster of genes responsible for aflatoxin biosynthesis has been identified; however, expression of these genes is a complex and poorly understood phenomenon. to better understa ...200717955191
absence of mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and subchronic oral toxicity of touchi extract.touchi, a traditional chinese food used mainly for seasoning is obtained by first steaming soybeans followed by fermentation with aspergillus oryzae (koji). a series of toxicological studies was conducted to evaluate the mutagenic and genotoxic potential and subchronic toxicity of a water extract of touchi, a known inhibitor of alpha -glucosidase activity. touchi extract (te) did not induce reverse mutations in salmonella typhimurium strains ta98, ta1537, ta100, ta1535, and escherichia coli wp2u ...200717963133
development of high-throughput screening system by single-cell reaction using microchamber array chip.to demonstrate the practical use of a novel high-throughput screening system by a single cell reaction for the rapid screening of combinatorially mutated beta-glucosidase 1 from aspergillus oryzae, a yeast cell chip microchamber array in combination with yeast cell surface engineering was successfully developed.200717964493
reversible and irreversible unfolding of multi-domain proteins.in contrast to single-domain proteins unfolding of larger multi-domain proteins is often irreversible. in a comparative case study on three different multi-domain proteins (phosphoglycerate kinase: pgk and two homologous alpha-amylases: taka and bla) we investigated properties of unfolded states and their ability to fold back into the native state. for this purpose guanidine hydrochloride, alkaline ph, and thermal unfolded states were characterized. structural alterations upon unfolding and refo ...200717964867
characterisation of 3-methylorcinaldehyde synthase (mos) in acremonium strictum: first observation of a reductive release mechanism during polyketide biosynthesis.isolation and sequencing of a pks gene isolated from xenovulene-producing cultures of acremonium strictum indicated the presence of nt-, ks-, at-, pt-, c-met- and r-domains; heterologous expression in aspergillus oryzae resulted in the production of 3-methylorcinaldehyde, demonstrating the role of the terminal reductase domain in product release.200717912413
marked production of ginsenosides rd, f2, rg3, and compound k by enzymatic method.the hydrolysis of protopanaxadiol-type saponin mixture by various glycoside hydrolases was examined. among these enzymes, crude preparations of lactase from aspergillus oryzae, beta-galactosidase from a. oryzae, and cellulase from trichoderma viride were found to produce ginsenoside f(2) [3-o-(beta-d-glucopyranosyl)-20-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-20(s)-protopanaxadiol], compound k [20-o-beta-d-glucopyranosyl-20(s)-protopanaxadiol], and ginsenoside rd {3-o-[beta-d-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-d-glucop ...200717917300
characterization of aspergillus oryzae aspartyl aminopeptidase expressed in escherichia coli.to characterize aspartyl aminopeptidase from aspergillus oryzae, the recombinant enzyme was expressed in escherichia coli. the enzyme cleaves n-terminal acidic amino acids. about 30% activity was retained in 20% nacl. digestion of defatted soybean by the enzyme resulted in an increase in the glutamic acid content, suggesting that the enzyme is potentially responsible for the release of glutamic acid in soy sauce mash.200717928682
structure and characteristics of an endo-beta-1,4-glucanase, isolated from trametes hirsuta, with high degradation to crystalline cellulose.trametes hirsuta produced cellulose-degrading enzymes when it was grown in a cellulosic medium such as avicel or wheat bran. an endo-beta-1,4-glucanase (theg) was purified from the culture filtrate, and the gene and the cdna were isolated. the gene consisted of an open reading frame encoding 384 amino acids, interrupted by 11 introns. the whole sequence showed high homology with that of family 5 glycoside hydrolase. the properties of the recombinant enzyme (reg) in aspergillus oryzae were compar ...200717928699
fungal-stressed germination of black soybeans leads to generation of oxooctadecadienoic acids in addition to glyceollins.microbial-stressed germination of black soybeans leads to generation of a group of oxylipins, oxooctadecadienoic acids (kodes, including 13- z, e-kode, 13- e, e-kode, 9- e, z-kode, and 9- e, e-kode), and their respective glyceryl esters in addition to glyceollins, a known phytoalexins present in wild and fungi-infected soybeans. four fungi, aspergillus niger, aspergillus oryzae, rhizopus oligosporus, and white rice yeast ( aspergillus niger wry), were applied to compare their efficiency on induc ...200717892258
fermentation as a bio-process to obtain functional soybean flours.the effect of fermentation on the antioxidant compounds [vitamins c and e, total phenolic compounds (tpc), and reduced glutathione (gsh)], and antioxidant capacity [superoxide anion scavenging activity (sod-like activity), peroxyl radical-trapping capacity (prtc), inhibition of phosphatidylcholine (pc) peroxidation, and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (teac)] of soybean (glycine max cv. merit) was studied. fermentation was carried out in solid state in cracked seeds inoculated with asperg ...200717907774
structure of the dimeric n-glycosylated form of fungal beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase revealed by computer modeling, vibrational spectroscopy, and biochemical studies.fungal beta-n-acetylhexosaminidases catalyze the hydrolysis of chitobiose into its constituent monosaccharides. these enzymes are physiologically important during the life cycle of the fungus for the formation of septa, germ tubes and fruit-bodies. crystal structures are known for two monomeric bacterial enzymes and the dimeric human lysosomal beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase. the fungal beta-n-acetylhexosaminidases are robust enzymes commonly used in chemoenzymatic syntheses of oligosaccharides. the ...200717509134
aspergillus flavus: human pathogen, allergen and mycotoxin producer.aspergillus infections have grown in importance in the last years. however, most of the studies have focused on aspergillus fumigatus, the most prevalent species in the genus. in certain locales and hospitals, aspergillus flavus is more common in air than a. fumigatus, for unclear reasons. after a. fumigatus, a. flavus is the second leading cause of invasive aspergillosis and it is the most common cause of superficial infection. experimental invasive infections in mice show a. flavus to be 100-f ...200717526826
analysis of expressed sequence tags from the fungus aspergillus oryzae cultured under different conditions.we performed random sequencing of cdnas from nine biologically or industrially important cultures of the industrially valuable fungus aspergillus oryzae to obtain expressed sequence tags (ests). consequently, 21 446 raw ests were accumulated and subsequently assembled to 7589 non-redundant consensus sequences (contigs). among all contigs, 5491 (72.4%) were derived from only a particular culture. these included 4735 (62.4%) singletons, i.e. lone ests overlapping with no others. these data showed ...200717540709
a new mechanism regulating the initiation of allergic airway inflammation.the earliest immune events induced by allergens are poorly understood, yet are likely essential to understanding how allergic inflammation is established.200717544098
chemometric analysis of in-line multi-wavelength fluorescence measurements obtained during cultivations with a lipase producing aspergillus oryzae strain.the filamentous fungus, aspergillus oryzae, was cultivated in batch and fed-batch cultivations in order to investigate the use of multi-wavelength fluorescence for monitoring course of events during filamentous fungi cultivations. the a. oryzae strain applied expressed a fungal lipase from thermomyces lanuginosus. spectra of multi-wavelength fluorescence were collected every 5 min with the bioview system (delta, denmark) and both explorative and predictive models, correlating the fluorescence da ...200716948165
purification, characterization, and substrate specificity of a glucoamylase with steroidal saponin-rhamnosidase activity from curvularia lunata.it has been previously reported that a glucoamylase from curvularia lunata is able to hydrolyze the terminal 1,2-linked rhamnosyl residues of sugar chains at c-3 position of steroidal saponins. in this work, the enzyme was isolated and identified after isolation and purification by column chromatography including gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. analysis of protein fragments by maldi-tof/tof proteomics analyzer indicated the enzyme to be 1,4-alpha-d-glucan glucohydrolase ec 3.2.1. ...200717823796
modifying effects of fermented brown rice on fecal microbiota in rats.brown rice fermented by aspergillus oryzae (fbra) is a fiber-rich food. effects of dietary administration of fbra on rat fecal microbiota composition were examined. male wistar rats were fed a basal diet or a 5% fbra- or 10% fbra-containing diet, and fecal microbiota was analyzed by culture and terminal-restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) analysis. the viable cell number of lactobacilli significantly increased after feeding 10% fbra diet for 3 weeks compared with that in the basal ...200717826198
[expression of endopolygalacturonase a of aspergillus oryzae in escherichia coli].pectinases are mainly used in the food industry to clarify fruit juices and wine, improve oil extraction, remove the peel from the citrus fruit, increase the firmness of some fruits and degum fibres. the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae, used for the production of traditional fermented foods, only could produce less pectinases under general conditions. so far only a few of pgs expressed in yeast or e. coli were reported but they did not show higher activity. the cdna of mature pga (without ...200717366896
production of dye-decolorizing peroxidase (rdyp) from complex substrates by repeated-batch and fed-batch cultures of recombinant aspergillus oryzae.we examined production levels of dye-decolorizing peroxidase (rdyp) by recombinant aspergillus oryzae using wheat bran and rice bran powders in repeated-batch and fed-batch cultures. similar average rdyp productivities were observed in repeated-batch cultures using wheat bran powder and rice bran powder. average rdyp productivities in fed-batch cultures were slightly lower than those in repeated-batch cultures. the rdyp production was affected by the addition of k(2)hpo(4) in the repeated-batch ...200717368394
screening of beta-fructofuranosidase-producing microorganisms and effect of ph and temperature on enzymatic rate.seventeen different strains of filamentous fungi were grown in batch cultures to compare their abilities for the production of beta-fructofuranosidase. three of them, aspergillus oryzae ipt-301, aspergillus niger atcc 20611 and strain ipt-615, showed high production with total fructosyltransferase activity higher than 12,500 units l(-1). in addition, the beta-fructofuranosidases of those strains have a high fructosyltransferase activity-to-hydrolytic activity ratio. the temperature and ph effect ...200717375295
carbohydrate binding specificity of a fucose-specific lectin from aspergillus oryzae: a novel probe for core fucose.the alpha1,6-fucosyl residue (core fucose) of glycoproteins is widely distributed in mammalian tissues and is altered under pathological conditions. a probe that specifically detects core fucose is important for understanding the role of this oligosaccharide structure. aleuria aurantia lectin (aal) and lens culimaris agglutinin-a (lca) have been often used as carbohydrate probes for core fucose in glycoproteins. here we show, by using surface plasmon resonance (spr) analysis, that aspergillus or ...200717383961
the beta-1,3-exoglucanase gene exga (exg1) of aspergillus oryzae is required to catabolize extracellular glucan, and is induced in growth on a solid surface.the biological role of exga (exg1), a secretory beta-1,3-exoglucanase of aspergillus oryzae, and the expression pattern of the exga (exg1) gene were analyzed. the exga disruptant and the exga-overexpressing mutant were constructed, and phenotypes of both mutants were compared. higher mycelial growth rate and conidiation efficiency were observed for the exga-overexpressing mutant than for the exga disruptant when beta-1,3-glucan was supplied as sole carbon source. on the other hand, no difference ...200717420593
phosphorylation of the aspergillus oryzae woronin body protein, aohex1, by protein kinase c: evidence for its role in the multimerization and proper localization of the woronin body protein.woronin body, a specialized peroxisome, is a unique organelle involved in septal pore sealing and protecting filamentous fungus from excessive cytoplasmic bleeding. we recently characterized the aohex1 gene encoding the major protein of the woronin body in the fungus aspergillus oryzae. although three-dimensional microscopy revealed plugging of the septal pore by woronin body, the mechanism of its formation remains unknown. we report here a reduction in the oligomeric forms (dimeric and tetramer ...200717441786
individual and combined effects of physicochemical parameters on ellagitannin acyl hydrolase and ellagic acid production from ellagitannin by aspergillus oryzae.the individual and interactive effects of physicochemical parameters on ellagitannin acyl hydrolase activity and ellagic acid production by aspergillus oryzae using ellagitannins from acorn fringe of oak as substrate were studied. ellagitannins concentration, incubation time were identified as important physicochemical parameters influencing the enzyme synthesis and the production accumulation, and the substrate concentration with initial ph was determined to has an interactive effect on the enz ...200717450459
aspergillus oryzae peritonitis in capd: case report and review of the literature.fungal peritonitis is a rare, but serious, complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd). we report a case of peritonitis caused by aspergillus oryzae in a man on capd therapy who was treated successfully with amphotericin b and caspofungin, followed by itraconazole and removal of the peritoneal catheter. a oryzae was identified by using sequence analysis of the ribosomal dna genes. of 10 reported cases since 2003, the mortality rate was 30%. removal of the capd catheter and s ...200717472853
tpr domain of ser/thr phosphatase of aspergillus oryzae shows no auto-inhibitory effect on the dephosphorylation activity.a ser/thr phosphatase gene cloned from aspergillus oryzae, aoppt, revealed that the tetratricopeptide repeat (tpr) and catalytic domains of the full-length aoppt are located at the n- and c-terminal regions, respectively, similar to those of human ser/thr phosphatase 5 (pp5) and yeast ppt1. four different regions of aoppt, namely, a full-length polypeptide, the catalytic domain, the catalytic domain plus c-terminal 15 amino-acid residues and the tpr domain were expressed in escherichia coli and ...200717475320
improvement of the antitumor activity of black currant polysaccharide by an enzymatic treatment.a polysaccharide-rich substance isolated from black currant, named cassis polysaccharide (caps), was partially digested with beta-galactosidase from aspergillus oryzae and its immunostimulatory activity was investigated. the in vitro cytokine-inducing effect of caps on raw264 cells was gradually decreased along with lowering of the average mw of caps. in vivo, partially digested caps with a mean mw of approximately 20,000 showed the most potent antitumor activity against ehrlich carcinoma in mic ...200717485844
synthesis of p-nitrophenyl sulfated disaccharides with beta-d-(6-sulfo)-glcnac units using beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase from aspergillus oryzae in a transglycosylation reaction.when alpha-d-glcnac-oc(6)h(4)no(2) -p and beta-d-(6-sulfo)-glcnac-oc(6)h(4)no(2)-p (2) were used as substrates, beta-n-acetylhexosaminidase from aspergillus oryzae transferred the beta-d-(6-sulfo)-glcnac(unit from 2 to alpha-d-glcnac-oc(6)h(4)no(2) -p to afford beta-d-(6-sulfo)-glcnac-(1-->4)-alpha-d-glcnac-oc(6)h(4)no(2)-p (3) in a yield of 94% based on the amount of donor, 2, added. beta-d-(6-sulfo)-glcnac-(1-->4)-alpha-d-glc-oc(6)h(4)no(2)-p (4) was obtained with alpha-d-glc-oc(6)h(4)no(2) -p ...200717492477
effects of fermented soybean meal on digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology in broilers.the experiment was performed to compare the effects of fermented soybean meal (fermented with aspergillus oryzae 3.042, fsbm) and soybean meal on digestive enzyme activities and intestinal morphology in broilers. three hundred twenty 1-d-old ross x ross male broiler chicks were randomly allocated into 2 dietary treatments for a 6-wk feeding trial, including 0- to 21-d and 21- to 42-d periods. at the end of each stage, 8 broilers of each treatment were killed, and pancreas, small intestine digest ...200717495085
evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants.this report represents the conclusions of a joint fao/who expert committee convened to evaluate the safety of various food additives, including flavouring agents, with a view to recommending acceptable daily intakes (adis) and to preparing specifications for identity and purity. the committee also evaluated the risk posed by two food contaminants, with the aim of advising on risk management options for the purpose of public health protection. the first part of the report contains a general discu ...200718551832
new fermentation technique for complete digestion of soybean protein.the aim of this study was to develop a new fermentation method in order to improve the digestion of soybean protein, and to promote normal fermentation of soybean. a proximate composition, such as moisture, ph, and reducing sugar, of fermented soybeans by the new fermentation was similar to those of controls. neutral protease activity, the most important factor for fermented soybean products, was the highest, having about 636 u/g at 54 h fermentation. the content of total free amino acid was alm ...200718092480
identification and toxigenic potential of the industrially important fungi, aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus sojae.mold strains belonging to the species aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus sojae are highly valued as koji molds in the traditional preparation of fermented foods, such as miso, sake, and shoyu, and as protein production hosts in modern industrial processes. a. oryzae and a. sojae are relatives of the wild molds aspergillus flavus and aspergillus parasiticus. all four species are classified to the a. flavus group. strains of the a. flavus group are characterized by a high degree of morphological s ...200718095455
first report of a xylose-specific lectin with potent hemagglutinating, antiproliferative and anti-mitogenic activities from a wild ascomycete mushroom.from fresh fruiting bodies of the wild ascomycete mushroom (xylaria hypoxylon) a lectin with n-terminal sequence resemblance to a part of aspergillus oryzae genome and only slight similarity to fungal immunomodulatory protein from the mushroom flammulina velutipes was isolated. the protocol comprised extraction with water, precipitation from the aqueous extract using 80% saturated (nh(4))(2)so(4), ion exchange chromatography on deae-cellulose and cm-cellulose, and then gel filtration by fast pro ...200616952421
expression of aspergillus hemoglobin domain activities in aspergillus oryzae grown on solid substrates improves growth rate and enzyme production.dna fragments coding for hemoglobin domains (hbd) were isolated from aspergillus oryzae and aspergillus niger. the hbd activities were expressed in a. oryzae by introduction of hbd gene fragments under the control of the promoter of the constitutively expressed gpda gene. in the transformants, oxygen uptake was significantly higher, and during growth on solid substrates the developed biomass was at least 1.3 times higher than that of the untransformed wild-type strain. growth rate of the hbd-act ...200616927259
enhanced antioxidative activity of soybean koji prepared with various filamentous fungi.in the present study, soybean koji fermented with various gras filamentous fungi, including aspergillus sojae bcrc 30103, aspergillus oryzae bcrc 30222, aspergillus awamori, actinomucor taiwanensis and rhizopus sp. these organisms are commonly used as starters in the fermentation of many traditional, oriental food products. the growth of starter organisms, total phenolic content, and antioxidative activities of the methanol extract of these kojis are compared with specific reference to alpha-dip ...200616943061
a novel gh43 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase from humicola insolens: mode of action and synergy with gh51 alpha-l-arabinofuranosidases on wheat arabinoxylan.a novel alpha-l-arabinofuranosidase (alpha-araf) belonging to glycoside hydrolase (gh) family 43 was cloned from humicola insolens and expressed in aspergillus oryzae. (1)h-nmr analysis revealed that the novel gh43 enzyme selectively hydrolysed (1-->3)-alpha-l-arabinofuranosyl residues of doubly substituted xylopyranosyl residues in arabinoxylan and in arabinoxylan-derived oligosaccharides. the optimal activity of the cloned enzyme was at ph 6.7 and 53 degrees c. two other novel alpha-l-arabinof ...200616944135
impact of aspergillus oryzae genomics on industrial production of metabolites.aspergillus oryzae is used extensively for the production of the traditional japanese fermented foods sake (rice wine), shoyu (soy sauce), and miso (soybean paste). in recent years, recombinant dna technology has been used to enhance industrial enzyme production by a. oryzae. recently completed genomic studies using expressed sequence tag (est) analyses and whole-genome sequencing are quickly expanding the industrial potential of the fungus in biotechnology. genes that have been newly discovered ...200616944282
succession of bacterial and fungal communities during a traditional pot fermentation of rice vinegar assessed by pcr-mediated denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis.denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) based on small subunit rrna gene was applied to a traditional rice vinegar fermentation process in which the conversion of rice starch into acetic acid proceeded in a pot. the fungal dgge profile indicated that the transition from aspergillus oryzae to saccharomyces sp. took place at the initial stage at which alcohol production was observed. the early stage was characterized by the coexistence of saccharomyces sp. and lactic acid bacteria. almost a ...200616499984
characterization of a periplasmic s1-like nuclease coded by the mesorhizobium loti symbiosis island.dna sequences encoding hypothetical proteins homologous to s1 nuclease from aspergillus oryzae are found in many organisms including fungi, plants, pathogenic bacteria, and eukaryotic parasites. one of these is the m1 nuclease of mesorhizobium loti which we demonstrate herein to be an enzymatically active, soluble, and stable s1 homolog that lacks the extensive mannosyl-glycosylation found in eukaryotic s1 nuclease homologs. we have expressed the cloned m1 protein in m. loti and purified recombi ...200616529713
evidence of rip (repeat-induced point mutation) in transposase sequences of aspergillus oryzae.a dna methyl-binding column was used to isolate genomic fragments enriched for dna-methylation from aspergillus parasiticus. one of the isolated sequences presented 67% identity at the protein level with the transposase from the transposable element tan1 of aspergillus niger var. awamori, and was found to be present in at least 20 copies in the aspergillus oryzae database. analysis of four copies showed evidence of c:g to t:a transitions in at least 98.2% of the mutations found over a 1,032-1,18 ...200616531081
direct assay for alpha-amylase using fluorophore-modified cyclodextrins.a simple assay method for alpha-amylase was developed based on fluorophore-modified cyclodextrins (cds). four kinds of cd derivatives bearing a 4-amino-7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (nbd-amine) moiety were prepared as artificial substrates for the assay method. the fluorescence intensity of all the nbd-amine-modified cds decreased upon addition of aspergillus oryzae alpha-amylase, indicating a reduction in hydrophobicity near the nbd-amine moiety induced by hydrolysis of the cd ring. nc4gammacd, ...200616464599
chemoprevention of mouse urinary bladder carcinogenesis by fermented brown rice and rice bran.fermented brown rice by aspergillus oryzae (fbra) has been shown to be a potent anti-carcinogenic compound. here, we investigated the modifying effects of dietary feeding with a naturally occurring anti-oxidant fbra on n-butyl-n-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (oh-bbn)-induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis in male icr mice. five-week-old male icr mice were divided into 7 groups, and groups 1-5 were given oh-bbn (500 ppm) in drinking water for 6 weeks starting at 7 weeks of age. groups 2 and 3 were ...200616465408
vacuolar membrane dynamics in the filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae.vacuoles in filamentous fungi are highly pleomorphic and some of them, e.g., tubular vacuoles, are implicated in intra- and intercellular transport. in this report, we isolated aovam3, the homologue of the saccharomyces cerevisiae vam3 gene that encodes the vacuolar syntaxin, from aspergillus oryzae. in yeast complementation analyses, the expression of aovam3 restored the phenotypes of both deltavam3 and deltapep12 mutants, suggesting that aovam3p is likely the vacuolar and/or endosomal syntaxin ...200616467481
enhanced gene targeting frequency in ku70 and ku80 disruption mutants of aspergillus sojae and aspergillus oryzae.in the koji molds aspergillus sojae and aspergillus oryzae, exogenous dna is integrated in the genome, in most cases irrespective of the sequence homology, suggesting that dna integration occurs predominantly through a nonhomologous end joining pathway where two ku genes, namely, ku70 and ku80, play a key role. to determine the effect of ku gene disruption on the gene targeting frequency, we constructed ku70-, ku80-, and ku70-ku80-disrupted strains of a. sojae and a. oryzae. the gene targeting f ...200616470383
distribution profiles of isoflavone isomers in black bean kojis prepared with various filamentous fungi.this study was conducted to compare the transformation of both isoflavone derivatives (aglycones, beta-glucosides, and acetyl and malonyl gluclucosides) and beta-glucosidase activity in kojis fermented with various generally recognized as safe filamentous fungi including aspergillus awamori, aspergillus oryzae, aspergillus sojae, rhizopus azygosporus, and rhizopus sp. no. 2. solid fermentation was performed to prepare the kojis by inoculating the steamed black beans with starter organism and cul ...200616478253
effects of dietary oyster extract on lipid metabolism, blood pressure, and blood glucose in sd rats, hypertensive rats, and diabetic rats.oyster extract was prepared by hydrolysis of oyster protein with proteases, aloase (a protease from bacillus subtilis), and pancitase (a protease from aspergillus oryzae). rats were fed a diet containing 20% casein (the control diet) or 15% casein and 5% oyster extract (the oyster extract diet) as the protein source. the oyster extract diet exerted a significant reduction in serum cholesterol and liver triglyceride concentrations as compared with the control diet in sprague-dawley (sd) rats fed ...200616495664
cloning and expression of 1,2-alpha-mannosidase gene (fmanib) from filamentous fungus aspergillus oryzae: in vivo visualization of the fmanibp-gfp fusion protein.1,2-alpha-mannosidase catalyzes the specific cleavage of 1,2-alpha-mannose residues from protein-linked n-glycan. in this study, a novel dna sequence homologous to the authentic 1,2-alpha-mannosidase was cloned from a cdna library prepared from solid-state cultured aspergillus oryzae. the fmanib cdna consisted of 1530 nucleotides and encoded a protein of 510 amino acids in which all consensus motifs of the class i alpha-mannosidase were conserved. expression of the full length of 1,2-alpha-manno ...200616495665
improvement of the glab promoter expressed in solid-state fermentation (ssf) of aspergillus oryzae.the glucoamylase-encoding gene (glab) promoter should be very useful for recombinant protein production in solid-state fermentation (ssf) of aspergillus oryzae. a 97-bp fragment containing the cis-element of the glab promoter was inserted into the glaa promoter, which was little expressed in ssf. the chimeric promoter showed about a 24-fold increase in promoter activity in ssf. eight copies of the 97-bp fragment were tandemly fused with the glab promoter. the improved promoter showed about a 4.6 ...200616717420
differential distribution of the endoplasmic reticulum network as visualized by the bipa-egfp fusion protein in hyphal compartments across the septum of the filamentous fungus, aspergillus oryzae.we visualized the endoplasmic reticulum (er) network by expression of the bipa-egfp fusion protein in the filamentous fungus, aspergillus oryzae, and focused on the spatial difference of the er distribution throughout hyphae. the er formed an interconnected network with motility and displayed a gradient distribution from the apical region. the er was also found as a tubular network along the septum, which was formed soon after the completion of septation. discontinuity of the er network distribu ...200616759887
food-processing enzymes from recombinant microorganisms--a review.enzymes are commonly used in food processing and in the production of food ingredients. enzymes traditionally isolated from culturable microorganisms, plants, and mammalian tissues are often not well-adapted to the conditions used in modern food production methods. the use of recombinant dna technology has made it possible to manufacture novel enzymes suitable for specific food-processing conditions. such enzymes may be discovered by screening microorganisms sampled from diverse environments or ...200616769167
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