Publications

validation of a microbial detection system for use with acd-a platelets with pas iii platelet additive solution.	background: the bact/alert microbial detection system (bta) is used for testing leukoreduced apheresis platelets (lr-ap) in plasma. platelet additive solutions (pass) such as intersol (pas iii) may be used to reduce the amount of plasma transfused in lr-ap. this study evaluated the performance of the two-bottle bta testing scheme in the recovery of seeded microorganisms from lr-ap in intersol-plasma compared to a reference plate culture method. study design and methods: hyperconcentrated, double ...	2011	21517894
an update on the role of the sebaceous gland in the pathogenesis of acne.	the pathogenesis of acne, a disease of the pilosebaceous follicle and one of the most common chronic skin disorders, is attributed to multiple factors such as increased sebum production, alteration of the quality of sebum lipids, inflammatory processes, dysregulation of the hormone microenvironment, interaction with neuropeptides, follicular hyperkeratinisation and the proliferation of propionibacterium acnes within the follicle. in particular, the sebaceous gland plays an exquisite role in the ...	2011	21519409
propionibacterium acnes camp factor and host acid sphingomyelinase contribute to bacterial virulence: potential targets for inflammatory acne treatment.	in the progression of acne vulgaris, the disruption of follicular epithelia by an over-growth of propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes) permits the bacteria to spread and become in contact with various skin and immune cells.	2011	21533261
optimization of periprosthetic culture for the diagnosis of propionibacterium acnes prosthetic joint infection.	propionibacterium acnes is increasingly recognized as an important agent of prosthetic joint infection (pji). however, the optimum culture conditions for recovery of this organism from pji specimens have not been determined. by applying a prolonged 28-day culture incubation to all periprosthetic specimens received for bacterial culture from 198 revision arthroplasty procedures, we retrospectively determined that a 13-day culture incubation period is necessary for the recovery of p. acnes from pa ...	2011	21543562
follicular spicules associated with propionibacterium acnes in response to erythromycin.		2011	21544949
new, relevant information and innovative interventions in the management of acne.	the recent innovative interventions in the acnes (acne vulgaris, acne rosacea and acne inversa) have not occurred in their management; rather the major changes are occurring in how the disorders and the individual lesions are seen to originate and develop. to finalize the optimal management of each of the acnes will ultimately require that every step in the aetiopathogenesis described and postulated here will need to be tested, validated, and then appropriately countered with environmental and l ...	2011	21566550
genome sequence of a novel species, propionibacterium humerusii.	as part of a larger project to sequence multiple clinical isolates of propionibacterium acnes, we have produced a draft genome sequence of a novel propionibacterium species that is closely related to, yet distinct (by sequence) from p. acnes. we tentatively name this new species propionibacterium humerusii.	2011	21571999
contained rupture of an inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm into the iliopsoas muscle : report of a case.	a 72-year-old man with a history of old myocardial infarction was admitted to our hospital for surgical treatment of a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm. his hemodynamics was stable. he had left lumbar pain on moving his left leg and constipation for ten days without abdominal pain and high fever. elevation of fat density around the aneurysm and ureter involvement were noted on the computed tomography. these characteristic image findings indicated inflammatory aortic aneurysm. during operation, ...	2011	21597420
microbiology specimens obtained at the time of surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease: clinical yield and cost analysis.	objectives: in efforts to obtain complete results, current practice in surgical lung biopsy (lb) for interstitial lung disease (ild) recommends sending lung tissue samples for bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal, and viral cultures. this study assesses the value of this practice by evaluating the microbiology findings obtained from lb for ild and their associated costs. methods: a total of 296 consecutive patients (140 women, 156 men, median age=61 years) underwent lb for ild from 2002 to 2009. all ...	2011	21601471
propionibacterium acnes infection of the elbow.		2011	21602062
acne analysis, grading and computational assessment methods: an overview.	introduction: this paper presents a comprehensive review of acne grading and measurement. acne is a chronic disorder of the pilosebaceous units, with excess sebum production, follicular epidermal hyperproliferation, inflammation and propionibacterium acnes activity. most patients are affected with acne vulgaris, which is the prevalent type of acne. acne vulgaris consists of comedones (whitehead and blackhead), papules, pustules, nodules and cysts. objectives: to review and identify the issues fo ...	2011	21605170
detection of nine microorganisms from the initial carious root lesions using a taqman-based real-time pcr.	oral diseases (2011) objective: the purpose of this study was to quantify nine selected cariogenic bacteria in plaque from sound root surfaces and initial carious root lesions using taqman pcr and to analyse a putative dependence on the kind of initial periodontal treatment. material and methods: fifty-four subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis were randomly allocated to one of the following initial periodontal therapies: full-mouth disinfection, full-mouth scaling and root planing o ...	2011	21605286
in-vivo effectiveness of adapalene 0.1%/benzoyl peroxide 2.5% gel on antibiotic-sensitive and resistant propionibacterium acnes.	background: a gel combination treatment containing a retinoid (adapalene 0.1%) and an antimicrobial (benzoyl peroxide 2.5%) has been shown to be an effective treatment for acne vulgaris, addressing three of the four pathogenic factors (hyperkeratinization, propionibacterium acnes proliferation, inflammation) without contributing to the incidence of propionibacterium acnes antibiotic resistance as neither the retinoid nor benzoyl peroxide creates selective pressure for resistance. objective: to e ...	2011	21607190
efficacy of preoperative home use of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate cloth before shoulder surgery.	hypothesis: deep infection after shoulder surgery is a rare but devastating problem. this study tested the hypothesis that the home application of a 2% chlorhexidine gluconate cloth before shoulder surgery would be more efficacious than a standard shower of soap and water at decreasing the preoperative cutaneous levels of pathogenic bacteria on the shoulder. materials and methods: this randomized, prospective study evaluated 100 consecutive patients undergoing shoulder surgery. patients were ran ...	2011	21612945
a descriptive study of bacterial load of full-thickness surgical wounds in dermatologic surgery.	background surgical site infections (ssis) after dermatologic surgery cause pain, prolong healing, result in unaesthetic complications, and lead to excessive use of antibiotics. the pathogenesis of wound infections is complex and is dependent on bacterial load and diversity, among several factors. objective to investigate bacterial dynamics at dermatosurgical sites at different time intervals and assess the correlation with postoperative outcomes and to examine different endo- and exogenous fact ...	2011	21615603
nickel allergy-promoting effects of microbial or inflammatory substances at the sensitization step in mice.	microbial components stimulate innate immunity via toll-like receptors (tlrs), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (nod)-like receptors (nlrs), and/or il-1. we recently reported that in mice, escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps, tlr4-ligand) promotes allergic responses to nickel (ni) at both the sensitization and elicitation steps. here, we examined in mice the effects of administering other microbial or inflammatory materials at the ni-sensitization step. a mixture of 1mm nicl(2) and ...	2011	21621645
sterility of posterior elements of the spine in posterior correction surgery.	abstract: study design. prospective clinical series.objective. to investigate the sterility of the posterior elements of the spine during posterior correction surgery.summary of background data: bacterial growth in the operating field is considered one of the causes of surgical-site infection.methods: eighty consecutive patients (mean age 19.5 years) who underwent posterior correction surgery for spinal deformities were included in the study. during surgery, specimens for bacterial culture were ...	2011	21629158
pathogenesis of acne vulgaris: what's new, what's interesting and what may be clinically relevant.	acne vulgaris is the most common skin disorder seen in dermatology and primary care offices today with significant associated morbidity. the pathogenesis of acne is complex and multifactorial, and there continues to be an influx of new information to increase our understanding of this chronic disease. recent advances in acne pathogenesis will be discussed, including theories regarding the sequence of events in acne formation, the functions of p. acnes, tlr involvement and role of the sebaceous g ...	2011	21637898
deep wound infection following pediatric scoliosis surgery: incidence and analysis of risk factors.	deep wound infection after spinal surgery is a severe complication that often requires prolonged medical and surgical management. it can compromise the outcome of the deformity correction, especially in patients requiring surgical intervention with subsequent removal of implants. ascertaining the incidence and risk factors leading to infection may help to prevent this problem.	2011	21658334
chronic infective endarteritis due to propionibacterium acnes on aortic prosthetic graft.		2011	21794971
cathelicidin-bf, a snake cathelicidin-derived antimicrobial peptide, could be an excellent therapeutic agent for acne vulgaris.	cathelicidins are a family of antimicrobial peptides acting as multifunctional effector molecules in innate immunity. cathelicidin-bf has been purified from the snake venoms of bungarus fasciatus and it is the first identified cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide in reptiles. in this study, cathelicidin-bf was found exerting strong antibacterial activities against propionibacterium acnes. its minimal inhibitory concentration against two strains of p. acnes was 4.7 µg/ml. cathelicidin-bf also effec ...	2011	21789223
folliculitis et perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens controlled with a combination therapy: systemic antibiosis (metronidazole plus clindamycin), dermatosurgical approach, and high-dose isotretinoin.	folliculitis et perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens is a rare disease of unknown etiology. it is a suppurative process that involves the scalp, eventually resulting in extensive scarring and irreversible alopecia. the condition is also known as 'acne necrotica miliaris' or 'proprionibacterium' folliculitis. most often the disease affects men of african-american or african-caribbean descent between 20 and 40 years of age. the clinical picture is determined by fluctuating painful fist ...	2011	21772598
in vitro antibacterial activity of nb-003 against propionibacterium acnes.	nb-003 and nb-003 gel formulations are oil-in-water nanoemulsions designed for use in bacterial infections. in vitro susceptibility of propionibacterium acnes to nb-003 formulations and comparator drugs was evaluated. both nb-003 formulations were bactericidal against all p. acnes isolates, including those that were erythromycin-, clindamycin- and/or tetracycline-resistant. in the absence of sebum the mic(90)/mbc(90) values for nb-003, nb-003 gel, salicylic acid (sa), and benzoyl peroxide (bpo) ...	2011	21746943
[postoperative recurrence of subdural empyema].	we present a case of recurrent subdural post-surgical empyema by proprionibacterium acnes after a first drained empyema in which no microbiological diagnosis was reached. p. acnes is a gram-positive anaerobic organism which is part of the saprophytic flora of the skin and others parts of the body. however, it can cause infections, as in the central nervous system, especially post-surgical infections in which can be the second more frequent organism after staphylococcus aureus. p. acnes grows slo ...	2011	21743949
cognitive deficits after systemic induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase: a randomised trial in rats.	background: nitric oxide acts as an important neurotransmitter as well as a sepsis mediator. during sepsis, high levels of nitric oxide, produced by the inducible form of the nitric oxide synthase (inos), may lead to disturbances concerning these conflicting roles and cause septic encephalopathy. to evaluate this theory, we aimed at first, to demonstrate cognitive dysfunction in a rat model based on systemic inos induction; second, to elucidate molecular mechanisms; and third, to prevent cogniti ...	2011	21743335
tyrosinase activity of greyia flanaganii (bolus) constituents.	hyper-pigmentation of the skin is a common problem that is prevalent in middle aged and elderly people. it is caused by over production of melanin. tyrosinase is known to be the key enzyme in melanin production. ethanolic extract of greyia flanaganii leaves showed significant (p<0.05) antityrosinase activity exhibiting the ic(50) of 32.62++g/ml. the total extract was further investigated for its toxicity and effect on melanin production by melanocytes cells, and showed significant inhibition (p< ...	2011	21680165
comparative genomics and transcriptomics of propionibacterium acnes.	the anaerobic gram-positive bacterium propionibacterium acnes is a human skin commensal that is occasionally associated with inflammatory diseases. recent work has indicated that evolutionary distinct lineages of p. acnes play etiologic roles in disease while others are associated with maintenance of skin homeostasis. to shed light on the molecular basis for differential strain properties, we carried out genomic and transcriptomic analysis of distinct p. acnes strains. we sequenced the genome of ...	2011	21738717
in vitro inactivation of endodontic pathogens with nd:yag and er:yag lasers.	both nd:yag and er:yag lasers have been suggested as root canal disinfection aids. the aim of this in vitro study is to compare both wavelengths in terms of irradiation dose required for microbial inactivation, to quantify these irradiation doses and to investigate the influence of certain (laser) parameters on the antimicrobial efficacy. agar plates containing a uniform layer of enterococcus faecalis, candida albicans or propionibacterium acnes were mounted perpendicularly underneath the laser ...	2011	21691826
clearance of propionibacterium acnes by kupffer cells is regulated by osteopontin through modulating the expression of p47phox.	osteopontin (opn) is a cytokine with multiple functions, including the regulation of innate immune response. however, the detailed function and mechanism of opn in host defense against invaded microorganisms remain unclear. in this report, we revealed that opn could affect the clearance of propionibacterium acnes in kupffer cells. in a murine model of p. acnes induced hepatic granuloma, opn-deficient mice or wild-type (wt) mice treated with anti-opn mab exhibited more hepatic granuloma formation ...	2011	21737140
complete genome sequence of propionibacterium acnes type ib strain 6609.	propionibacterium acnes is an anaerobic gram-positive bacterium that forms part of the normal human cutaneous microbiota and is thought to play a central role in acne vulgaris, a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit (i. kurokawa et al., exp. dermatol. 18:821-832, 2009). here we present the whole genome sequence of p. acnes type ib strain 6609, which was recovered from a skin sample from a woman with no recorded acne history and is thus considered a nonpathogenic strain (i. nagy ...	2011	21705602
The SAPHO syndrome--are microbes involved?	The syndrome of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) includes a rare group of chronic, relapsing, inflammatory osteoarticular disorders that is conventionally associated with manifestations in the skin. Diagnostic dilemmas can arise due to incomplete manifestations or confusion generated through mimicking of other conditions, such as osteomyelitis. The aetiology of this syndrome remains unclear, but probably involves genetic, immunological and infectious mechanisms. The ...	2011	22100290
primary total joint arthroplasty performed in operating rooms following cases of known infection.	no study has examined infection rates in "clean" cases following "dirty" cases. this study evaluated patients undergoing elective primary total joint arthroplasties performed in operating rooms following cases of known infection for development of postoperative infection. a retrospective review of all elective primary total joint arthroplasties performed over a 5-year period at our institution was conducted. patients who underwent primary total joint arthroplasties that followed cases of known i ...	2011	21902154
Facial nerve palsy caused by parotid gland abscess.	Objectives:We present the first report of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes parotid abscesses complicated by facial nerve palsy. Facial nerve palsy secondary to parotid gland abscess is rare, with only eight previously reported cases.Method:Case reports and literature review concerning parotid abscess and facial nerve palsy presentation and management.Case reports:Within two months, two female patients presented with parotid gland abscess complicated by unil ...	2011	22017803
Glycolic acid chemical peeling improves inflammatory acne eruptions through its inhibitory and bactericidal effects on Propionibacterium acnes.	Glycolic acid chemical peeling is effective for treating comedones, and some clinical data show that it also improves inflammatory eruptions. The purpose of this study was to identify the mechanism of glycolic acid chemical peeling to improve inflammatory acne. To assess growth inhibitory and bactericidal effects of glycolic acid on Propionibacterium acnes in vitro, we used an agar diffusion method and a time-kill method. To reveal bactericidal effects in vivo, we established an agar-attached me ...	2011	21950544
[Drug sensitivity of causative agents in ocular infection of external adnexa and anterior segments--multicenter study of causative agents and drug sensitivity of ocular infection by the Japanese Association for Ocular Infection part II].	To report the drug sensitivity of causative agents produced by ocular infection of external adnexa and anterior segments investigated by the nationwide survey conducted by Japanese Association for Ocular Infection between September, 2007 and August, 2008.	2011	22073598
antibacterial properties of a glycolipid-rich extract and active principle from nunavik collections of the macroalgae fucus evanescens c. agardh (fucaceae).	this study investigated the antibacterial activity of glycolipid-rich extracts of the brown macroalga fucus evanescens in cell culture. accessions were collected on the arctic coast of ungava bay, nunavik, quebec. the crude ethyl acetate extract of these accessions showed strong antibacterial activity (≥4 log(10) cfu) against hemophilus influenzae , legionella pneumophila , propionibacterium acnes (atcc and clinical isolate), and streptococcus pyogenes at 100 µg/ml. this algal extract inhibited ...	2011	21859295
Neolitsea aciculata essential oil inhibits drug-resistant skin pathogen growth and Propionibacterium acnes-induced inflammatory effects of human monocyte leukemia.	This study examined the chemical composition of Neolitsea aciculata essential oil (NAE) and its biological activities. NAE was obtained by hydro-distillation of N. aciculata leaves collected in Jeju Island and analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometer detector. 1-Dodecen-3-yne (12.5%), calarene (11.5%) and elemol (9.5%) were identified as the major components of NAE. The antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of NAE against skin pathogens were examined to determine ...	2011	21922933
newer approaches in topical combination therapy for acne.	acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory cutaneous disease involving the pilosebaceous unit. its pathophysiology is multifactorial and complex, including obstruction of the pilosebaceous unit due to increased sebum production, abnormal keratinization, proliferation of propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes), and inflammation. topical agents are the most commonly used therapy for acne. first generation topicals mainly consist of single agent retinoids, benzoyl peroxide (bpo) and antibacterials t ...	2011	22089505
The use of lymecycline and benzoyl peroxide for the treatment of progressive macular hypomelanosis: a prospective study.	Progressive macular hypomelanosis is a dermatosis of uncertain etiology. The participation of Propionibacterium acnes has been suggested in view of the response achieved following therapy with drugs that are active against this bacterium. This report describes a series of thirteen patients with progressive macular hypomelanosis who were treated with an association of lymecycline and benzoyl peroxide over a three-month period. Response to treatment was excellent and the positive results were main ...	2011	21987158
Progression of cerebrospinal fluid cell count and differential over a treatment course of shunt infection.	Object The physiological reaction of CSF white blood cells (WBCs) over the course of treating a shunt infection is undefined. The authors speculated that the CSF WBC count varies with different infecting organisms in peak level and differential percentage of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils. The authors hope to identify clinically useful trends in the progression of CSF WBCs by analyzing a large group of patients with successfully treated shunt infect ...	2011	22132920
topical dose justification: benzoyl peroxide concentrations.	abstract background: benzoyl peroxide (bpo) is widely utilized in acne treatment as an alternative to antibiotics against which propionibacterium acnes becomes more resistant. objective: this overview examines bpo dose justification. methods: pubmed, embase® and science citation index searches were conducted using the keywords "benzoyl peroxide" and "acne vulgaris". results: limited experimental data are available. however, there appears no significant difference in the efficacy of concentrat ...	2011	22103743
Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens promotes the production of ovalbumin specific antibody via stimulating dendritic cell differentiation and up-regulating Th2 biased immune response.	Corynebacterium pyruviciproducens (C. pyruviciproducens), a newly discovered Corynebacterium, is gram-positive, non-flagellate, non-spore-forming lipophilic rod. No known pathogenic components of Corynebacteria have been found in this new bacterium, such as diphtheria toxin and tuberculostearic acid. In the present study, referring to Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes), a well-known bacterial adjuvant, the stimulation of dendritic cells by C. pyruviciproducens was analyzed through detecting the ...	2011	22178104
evaluation of the scanrdi(r) as a rapid alternative to the pharmacopoeial sterility test method: comparison of the limits of detection.	two sterility test methods, the scanrdi® rapid sterility test and the united states pharmacopeia/european pharmacopoeia/japanese pharmacopoeia (usp/ep/jp) compendial sterility test, were compared with respect to the limits of detection for the presence of viable microorganisms in aqueous solutions at low inoculation levels. the scanrdi® system employs a combination of direct fluorescent labeling techniques and solid-phase laser scanning cytometry to rapidly enumerate viable microorganisms from a ...	2010	21502036
sinogenic orbital and subperiosteal abscesses: microbiology and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus incidence.	to assess the current bacteriology and the incidence of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in orbital and subperiosteal abscesses of paranasal sinus disease origin.	2010	20723777
bacteriologic culture of excised intervertebral disc from immunocompetent patients undergoing single level primary lumbar microdiscectomy.	study design: a consecutive case series from a single center of patients undergoing primary microdiscectomy for lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus (hnp) who received microbiologic laboratory culture of excised disc material. objective: to determine the prevalence of positive bacterial cultures in the disc material of immunocompetent patients without diabetes mellitus or other immune compromise. summary of background data: the intradiscal space is a physiologically tenuous environment in terms of ...	2010	21150662
recombinant lactobacilli expressing linoleic acid isomerase can modulate the fatty acid composition of host adipose tissue in mice.	we have previously demonstrated that oral administration of a metabolically active bifidobacterium breve strain, with ability to form cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (cla), resulted in modulation of the fatty acid composition of the host, including significantly elevated concentrations of c9, t11 cla and omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids in liver and adipose tissue. in this study, we investigated whether a recombinant lactobacillus expressing linoleic acid isomerase (responsible for production ...	2010	21178166
synthesis and antimicrobial activity of long-chain 3,4-epoxy-2-alkanones.	3,4-epoxy-2-dodecanone, a major component in the preorbital gland of the african grey duiker (sylvicapra grimmia), showed antimicrobial activity in preliminary tests. the c(11) to c(17) homologues of this compound were prepared and their activity against several pathogenic dermal bacteria and fungi was tested. 3,4-epoxy-2-dodecanone and 3,4-epoxy-2-tridecanone inhibited the growth of trichophyton mentagrophytes at 25 îg/ml. moderate inhibition of the growth of the bacteria propionibacterium acne ...	2010	21179314
treating acne in women.		2010	21214119
bacterial contamination of needles used for intravitreal injections: a prospective, multicenter study.	to determine the incidence of bacterial contamination of needles used for intravitreal injections.	2010	21034310
mis416, a non-toxic microparticle adjuvant derived from propionibacterium acnes comprising immunostimulatory muramyl dipeptide and bacterial dna promotes cross-priming and th1 immunity.	propionibacterium acnes was modified using biochemical extraction methods generating a suspension of microparticles (mis416) comprising a minimal cell wall skeleton rich in immunostimulatory crosslinked muramyl dipeptide repeats and native bacterial dna fragments, each which have known adjuvant activity. in vitro studies demonstrated that mis416 was readily internalized by human myeloid and plasmacytoid dc inducing cytokine secretion and cell activation/maturation. vaccination studies in mice us ...	2010	21034827
detection of microbial contaminants in mammalian cell cultures using a new fluorescence-based staining method.	microbial contamination of cell culture production processes is a current concern for biopharmaceutical industries. traditional testing methods require several days to detect contamination and may advantageously be replaced by a rapid detection method. we developed a new method combining membrane filtration to microcolonies fluorescence staining method (mfsm) and compared it to epifluorescence microscopy.	2010	21039669
efficacy and safety of combined ethinyl estradiol/drospirenone oral contraceptives in the treatment of acne.	acne is a common disorder affecting the majority of adolescents and often extends into adulthood. the central pathophysiological feature of acne is increased androgenic stimulation and/or end-organ sensitivity of pilosebaceous units leading to sebum hypersecretion and infundibular hyperkeratinization. these events lead to propionibacterium acnes proliferation and subsequent inflammation. hormonal therapy, including combined oral contraceptives (ocs), can attenuate the proximate androgenic trigge ...	2010	21072290
benzoyl peroxide: enhancing antibiotic efficacy in acne management.	benzoyl peroxide is one of the most widely used topical agents for acne. it has potent antibacterial and mild anti-inflammatory and comedolytic effects. to treat mild to moderate acne, it can be used alone or in combination with topical antibiotics and topical retinoids. the combination of benzoyl peroxide with either erythromycin or clindamycin is synergistic and well-tolerated. in more severe acne, when oral antibiotics are required, benzoyl peroxide can contribute to suppressing the emergence ...	2010	21076800
potent antimicrobial action of triclosan-lysozyme complex against skin pathogens mediated through drug-targeted delivery mechanism.	triclosan (tcs), an antimicrobial agent that inhibits bacterial fatty acid synthesis by blocking the active site of enoyl-acp reductase (fabi), is a water-insoluble agent that limits its therapeutic candidacy. we have recently shown that the water solubility and antimicrobial activity of tcs were greatly enhanced when complexed to lysozyme (lz). this study is to examine the therapeutic potential of triclosan-lysozyme (t-lz) complex against common skin pathogens expressing different levels of fab ...	2010	21078387
staphylococcus aureus hijacks a skin commensal to intensify its virulence: immunization targeting β-hemolysin and camp factor.	the need for a new anti-staphylococcus aureus therapy that can effectively cripple bacterial infection, neutralize secretory virulence factors, and lower the risk of creating bacterial resistance is undisputed. here, we propose what is, to our knowledge, a previously unreported infectious mechanism by which s. aureus may commandeer propionibacterium acnes, a key member of the human skin microbiome, to spread its invasion and highlight two secretory virulence factors (s. aureus β-hemolysin and p. ...	2010	21085191
fluorescence diagnostic imaging in patients with acne.	orange-red fluorescence in the follicle openings, induced by ultraviolet a light, originates from porphyrins, the metabolic products of propionibacteria acnes.	2010	21091785
[pathophysiological advances in acne].	acne is a chronic disorder caused by multiple factors. recent advances suggest that inflammation plays an initial role and propionibacterium acnes plays a major role by initiating, maintaining and extending acne.	2010	21095495
a review of the safety and efficacy of benzoyl peroxide (5.3%) emollient foam in the management of truncal acne vulgaris.	this article reviews findings of studies regarding the treatment of truncal acne with benzoyl peroxide formulations and, in particular, studies utilizing a 5.3% benzoyl peroxide foam. its formulation of micronized benzoyl peroxide particles in an emollient foam vehicle offers significant clinical and bioavailability advantages that enhance follicular penetration and skin moisturization. a key consideration for topical management of truncal acne is whether the treatment application method allows ...	2010	21103313
tlr2 expression is increased in rosacea and stimulates enhanced serine protease production by keratinocytes.	a diverse environment challenges skin to maintain temperature, hydration, and electrolyte balance while also maintaining normal immunological function. rosacea is a common skin disease that manifests unique inflammatory responses to normal environmental stimuli. we hypothesized that abnormal function of innate immune pattern recognition could explain the enhanced sensitivity of patients with rosacea, and observed that the epidermis of patients with rosacea expressed higher amounts of toll-like r ...	2010	21107351
activity of an antimicrobial hydrocephalus shunt catheter against propionibacterium acnes.	shunt infection is a major complication affecting approximately 10% of procedures. propionibacterium acnes, an anaerobic skin bacterium, is increasingly recognized as a shunt pathogen, causing up to 14% of infections. though susceptible to penicillin and cephalosporins, p. acnes shunt infections are not preventable by means of perioperative prophylaxis, due to poor cerebrospinal fluid penetration. antimicrobial shunts with activity against staphylococci are available, but their activity against ...	2010	20837763
bilateral clavicle fracture external fixation.	fractures of the middle third of the clavicle are frequent and their conservative treatment ends in bone union in nearly 95% of cases. surgical treatment is unanimously indicated with open fractures or in cases of cutaneous damage, neurovascular complications, and impaction of the shoulder stump syndromes. we report herein a case of bilateral fractures of the clavicle that required double stabilization with an external fixator following major cutaneous damage appearing after the initial conserva ...	2010	20850405
mutagenesis of propionibacterium acnes and analysis of two camp factor knock-out mutants.	p. acnes is a skin commensal that is frequently associated with inflammatory diseases such as acne vulgaris. despite the availability of the genome sequence functional studies on p. acnes are scarce due to a lack of methods for genetic manipulation of this bacterium. here we present an insertional mutagenesis approach for the inactivation of specific p. acnes genes. the gene of interest can be disrupted and replaced with an erythromycin-resistance cassette by employing homologous recombination. ...	2010	20850482
apical root canal microbiota as determined by reverse-capture checkerboard analysis of cryogenically ground root samples from teeth with apical periodontitis.	bacteria located in the apical root canal system potentially participate in the pathogenesis of apical periodontitis. detection and identification of apical bacteria can be compromised because of limitations in conventional sampling and identification procedures. this study identified several bacterial taxa in the apical and middle/coronal segments of primarily infected root canal system by using pulverized root segments and a culture-independent molecular method.	2010	20850664
isolation of a novel bacteriophage specific for the periodontal pathogen fusobacterium nucleatum.	fusobacterium nucleatum is a periodontal pathogen that has been directly associated with the development and progression of periodontal disease, a widespread pathology that affects the support tissues of the tooth. we isolated a new bacteriophage (fnpφ02) that specifically infects this bacterium. transmission electron microscopy showed that the virion is composed of an icosahedral head and a segmented tail. the size of the phage genome was estimated to be approximately 59 kbp of double-stranded ...	2010	20851973
[evaluating post-cataract surgery changes in bacterial culture tests with and without face-washing].	to evaluate the changes in conjunctiva and eyelid culture test results before and after cataract surgery and their relation to face-washing.	2010	20865920
development of a nondestructive fluorescence-based enzymatic staining of microcolonies for enumerating bacterial contamination in filterable products.	develop a nondestructive fluorescence-based staining procedure to rapidly detect and enumerate bacteria in filterable samples.	2010	20880209
photodynamic therapy in the management of acne: an update.	acne, one of the most common dermatological diseases, is characterized by inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions that may progress to scars. starting from pubertal age groups, it can affect adults in the age group 35-40 or more. the conventional therapies for treatment of acne are facing roadblocks because of the antibiotic resistance developing against propionibacterium acnes. this has led to trying new therapies, of which photodynamic therapy (pdt) seems to be the one under intensive study. ...	2010	20883294
propionibacterium acnes activates the igf-1/igf-1r system in the epidermis and induces keratinocyte proliferation.	propionibacterium acnes has a major role in the development of acne lesions. igf-1 stimulates the proliferation of keratinocytes via an activation of the igf-1 receptor (igf-1r). zinc has been proven to work efficiently against inflammatory acne and to modulate the igf-1 system. our objectives were to study the modulation of igf-1 and igf-1r expression by p. acnes extracts and to determine their modulation by zinc gluconate. in vivo, we analyzed biopsies of acne lesions and healthy skin, and in ...	2010	20927124
in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of propionibacterium acnes isolated from acne patients in northern mexico.	antimicrobials are essential in acne therapy. in the last decades, propionibacterium acnes has become resistant to different antibiotics.	2010	20931669
prevalence of propionibacterium acnes in diseased prostates and its inflammatory and transforming activity on prostate epithelial cells.	prostate cancer (pca) is the second leading cause of male cancer deaths in the western world. mounting evidence has revealed that chronic inflammation can be an important initiating factor of pca. recent work has detected the anaerobic gram-positive bacterium propionibacterium acnes in cancerous prostates, but with wide-ranging detection rates. here, using in situ immunofluorescence (isif), p. acnes was found in 58 out of 71 (81.7%) tested cancerous prostate tissue samples, but was absent from h ...	2010	20943438
acne and diet: truth or myth?	numerous studies were published over the last 50 years to investigate whether diet is associated with the etiology of acne. although older studies well known by dermatologists that refute the association between acne and diet exist, their scientific foundation is weak. new articles have recently brought to light evidence contrary to previous findings. therefore, we would like to investigate whether diet, directly or indirectly, influences one or more of the four fundamental etiopathogenic pillar ...	2010	20676468
[microbial contamination of nipradiol with and without benzalkonium chloride].	to compare microbial contamination of nipradiol both with and without benzalkonium chloride (bac).	2010	20681256
innate, antigen-independent role for t cells in the activation of the immune system by propionibacterium acnes.	propionibacterium acnes is a human commensal but also an opportunistic pathogen. in mice, p. acnes exerts strong immunomodulatory activities, including formation of intrahepatic granulomas and induction of lps hypersensitivity. these activities are dependent on p. acnes recognition via tlr9 and subsequent il-12-mediated ifn-gamma production. we show that p. acnes elicits il-12p40 and p35 mrna expression in macrophages, and ifn-gamma mrna in liver cd4(+) t cells and nk cells. after priming with p ...	2010	20690177
does inflammatory acne result from imbalance in the keratinocyte innate immune response?	acne is a multifactorial chronic disease affecting around 80% of teenage population. the pathogenesis of acne involves inflammatory reactions and colonization by the propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes) strain. p. acnes stimulates the keratinocytes involved in the innate immune response, the intensity of which could be influenced either by bacterial intrinsic factors or by endogenous factors of the host.	2010	20691803
protease-activated receptor-2 mediates the expression of inflammatory cytokines, antimicrobial peptides, and matrix metalloproteinases in keratinocytes in response to propionibacterium acnes.	propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes) has been known to produce various exogenous proteases, however, their role in acne pathogenesis remains largely unknown. proteases elicit cellular responses, at least in part, via proteinase-activated receptor-2 (par-2), which is known to mediate inflammation and immune response. in this study, we investigated whether proteases from p. acnes could activate par-2 on keratinocytes and induce pro-inflammatory cytokines, antimicrobial peptides (amps), and matrix me ...	2010	20697725
propionibacterium acnes and staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from refractory endodontic lesions are opportunistic pathogens.	the predominant cultivable microbiota from 20 refractory endodontic lesions (9 with abscesses and 11 without abscesses) were determined, and propionibacterium acnes and staphylococcus epidermidis were among the most predominant organisms. the number of species identified from lesions with abscesses (14.1 ± 2.6) was significantly greater (p < 0.001) than the number from lesions without abscesses (7.4 ± 5.9). comparison of perioral isolates using repetitive extragenic palindromic pcr of the same s ...	2010	20739494
proteomic identification of secreted proteins of propionibacterium acnes.	the anaerobic gram-positive bacterium propionibacterium acnes is a human skin commensal that resides preferentially within sebaceous follicles; however, it also exhibits many traits of an opportunistic pathogen, playing roles in a variety of inflammatory diseases such as acne vulgaris. to date, the underlying disease-causing mechanisms remain ill-defined and knowledge of p. acnes virulence factors remains scarce. here, we identified proteins secreted during anaerobic cultivation of a range of sk ...	2010	20799957
taurine bromamine (taubr)--its role in immunity and new perspectives for clinical use.	this review is an attempt to summarize our knowledge about taurine bromamine (taubr) properties, its role in innate immunity and its therapeutic potential.taubr and taurine chloramine (taucl) are major haloamines generated by eosinophils and neutrophils at a site of inflammation. both haloamines share anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. taubr, similarly to taucl, decreases the production of proinflammatory mediators. their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities are enhanced by ...	2010	20804605
population genetic analysis of propionibacterium acnes identifies a subpopulation and epidemic clones associated with acne.	the involvement of propionibacterium acnes in the pathogenesis of acne is controversial, mainly owing to its dominance as an inhabitant of healthy skin. this study tested the hypothesis that specific evolutionary lineages of the species are associated with acne while others are compatible with health. phylogenetic reconstruction based on nine housekeeping genes was performed on 210 isolates of p. acnes from well-characterized patients with acne, various opportunistic infections, and from healthy ...	2010	20808860
effects of two commercially available immunostimulants on leukocyte function of foals following ex vivo exposure to rhodococcus equi.	the objective of this study was to determine the effect of immunostimulants on neutrophil, macrophage, and lymphocyte function following ex vivo exposure to rhodococcus equi. eighteen foals were randomly assigned to one of 3 treatment groups. treatment consisted of inactivated propionibacterium acnes (pa), inactivated parapoxvirus ovis (ppvo), or saline (control) administered on days 0 (7 days of age), 2, and 8. bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid and blood were collected on days 0 (baseline), 12 ...	2010	20822815
propionibacterium acnes as an etiological agent of arthroplastic and osteosynthetic infections--two cases with specific clinical presentation including formation of draining fistulae.	this report describes two patients with orthopaedic implant infections, with specific clinical presentations including formation of draining fistulae. propionibacterium acnes was isolated in multiple cultures in both cases. phenotypic and genetic characterisation of the isolates clearly emphasizes the significance of p. acnes as an etiological agent of implant infections. these infections are insidious with delayed presentation of symptoms and may have been overlooked because of the consideratio ...	2010	19895893
18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid ameliorates acute propionibacterium acnes-induced liver injury through inhibition of macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha.	18beta-glycyrrhetinic acid (ga), the major bioactive component of licorice root extract, has a protective effect on hepatic injury and exhibits antiinflammatory activity. here, we investigate the effect of ga in propionibacterium acnes-induced acute inflammatory liver injury. c57bl/6 mice were primed with p. acnes followed by lipopolysaccharide challenge to induce fulminant hepatitis. ga (75 mg/kg) or vehicle control was administered intraperitoneally daily 1 day after p. acnes priming, and ga s ...	2010	19897483
improved diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection by multiplex pcr of sonication fluid from removed implants.	the microbiological diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (pji) is crucial for successful antimicrobial treatment. cultures have limited sensitivity, especially in patients receiving antibiotics. we evaluated the value of multiplex pcr for detection of microbial dna in sonication fluid from removed orthopedic prostheses. cases of pji in which the prosthesis (or part of it) was removed were prospectively included. the removed implant was sonicated, and the resulting sonication fluid was cul ...	2010	20164283
radiant near infrared light emitting diode exposure as skin preparation to enhance photodynamic therapy inflammatory type acne treatment outcome.	an alternative approach in the treatment of acne vulgaris is photodynamic therapy (pdt) that uses light and aminolevulinic acid (ala)-induced protoporphyrin ix (ppix) production to eradicate propionibacterium acnes found in acne lesions. ppix formation is dependent on ala percutaneaous penetration. in this study, to enhance ala penetration and subsequent accumulation of ppix, skin temperature was increased with radiant infrared (ir) prior to ala-pdt application and compared to ala-pdt alone in t ...	2010	20166163
antimicrobial activity of long-chain (e)-3-alken-2-ones.	(e)-3-tridecen-2-one, a compound identified from the interdigital glands of black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus columbianus), has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. homologues of (e)-3-tridecen-2-one were prepared and screened for antimicrobial activity. for the fungus, trichophyton mentagrophytes, the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of (e)-3-tetradecen-2-one was 12.5 microg/ml, and for the bacteria, propionibacterium acnes, the mic of (e)-3-heptadecen-2-one was 3. ...	2010	20185306
propionibacterium acnes causing delayed postoperative spine infection: review.	propionibacterium acnes was previously considered a contaminant and its role in spine infection has been understated. although rare, such infections are present especially after instrumented spine surgery. they are usually delayed and hard to diagnose. delayed infection should be suspected in patients with pain and a history of spine surgery. in this article, we review the diagnostic challenges associated with delayed p. acnes infection after spine surgery, guided by relevant studies in the lite ...	2010	20199135
a randomized, investigator-blinded trial to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of a benzoyl peroxide 5%/ clindamycin phosphate 1% gel compared with a clindamycin phosphate 1.2%/tretinoin 0.025% gel in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris.	combination products in which the individual components have different mechanisms of antimicrobial action have been shown in many disease states to provide the most effective therapy.	2010	20214175
laparoscopic ovarian tissue harvesting for cryopreservation: an effective and safe procedure for fertility preservation.	to critically review our experience with the method of laparoscopic ovarian tissue harvesting for ovarian cryopreservation.	2010	20580151
evaluation of the epinecidin-1 peptide as an active ingredient in cleaning solutions against pathogens.	we tested the activity of epinecidin-1, a novel antimicrobial peptide structurally related to pleurocidin, in commercial cleaning solutions stored at 4 and 25 degrees c for 7 and 14 days. the peptide's activities against enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, propionibacterium acnes, and candida albicans were measured in a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) determination, minimal bactericidal concentration (mbc) determinati ...	2010	20580756
treatment of progressive macular hypomelanosis with narrow-band ultraviolet b phototherapy.	treatment for progressive macular hypomelanosis (pmh) has been disappointing. recently, propionibacterium acnes had been postulated as the causative agent and narrow-band ultraviolet b (nbuvb) had been shown to stimulate melanogenesis and has antibacterial properties. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of nbuvb in the treatment of pmh. a retrospective analysis of pmh cases diagnosed and treated with nbuvb treatment from 1 january 2007 to 30 april 2009 at the national skin ce ...	2010	20584255
[clinical relevance of time-to-positivity in bactec9240 blood culture system].	continuous monitoring systems have allowed determination of the time-to-positivity (ttp). we evaluated the clinical relevance of ttp in the bactec9240 system (becton-dickinson, usa).	2010	20603588
plasma concentration of propionibacterium acnes antibodies and prostate cancer risk: results from an australian population-based case-control study.	recent studies in prostatic tissue suggest that propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes), a bacterium associated with acne that normally lives on the skin, is the most prevalent bacterium in the prostate and in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. its prevalence is higher in samples from patients subsequently diagnosed with prostate cancer. the aim of our study was to test whether circulating levels of p. acnes antibodies are associated with prostate cancer risk and tumour characteristics using plas ...	2010	20606679
acne epidemiology and pathophysiology.	the demographic profile of facial acne vulgaris has changed during the past several decades; 12 years of age is no longer the low end of the "normal" range for onset of acne. the available epidemiologic evidence raises more questions than it answers regarding the etiology of this downward shift. more study is needed to clarify whether the trend toward an earlier onset of puberty in the united states has influenced the clinical picture of acne. additional research will help advance understanding ...	2010	20610306
the tlr4/trif-mediated activation of nlrp3 inflammasome underlies endotoxin-induced liver injury in mice.	administration of heat-killed propionibacterium acnes renders mice highly susceptible to lps. after lps challenge p. acnes-primed mice promptly show hypothermia, hypercoagulation (disseminated intravascular coagulation), elevation of serum proinflammatory cytokine levels, and high mortality. the surviving mice develop liver injury. as previously reported, il-18 plays a pivotal role in the development of this liver injury. many cell types including macrophages constitutively store il-18 as biolog ...	2010	20634907
minocycline in acne vulgaris: benefits and risks.	minocycline is a semi-synthetic, second-generation tetracycline. it was introduced in 1972 and has both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties. minocycline is used for a variety of infectious diseases and in acne. even today, new indications beyond the antibacterial indications are being investigated such as its use in neurologic diseases. formerly, minocycline was thought to have a superior efficacy in the treatment of inflammatory acne, especially with respect to antibacterial-resistan ...	2010	20642295
efficacy of benzoyl peroxide (5.3%) emollient foam and benzoyl peroxide (8%) wash in reducing propionibacterium acnes on the back.	topical treatment of acne vulgaris on the back is challenging largely due to the extensive broad surface with difficult to reach areas. a "leave-on" foam is suited for application to the trunk due to ease of application and spreadability. prior to this trial, no data on propionibacterium acnes (p. acnes) reduction on the back has existed for any benzoyl peroxide (bp) formulations or other acne treatments.	2010	20645523
the development of antimicrobial resistance due to the antibiotic treatment of acne vulgaris: a review.	to review recent studies on the use of antibiotics in acne vulgaris which provide insight into the development of antimicrobial resistance.	2010	20645527
antibacterial activity of thai herbal extracts on acne involved microorganism.	ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of 18 thai medicinal plants were investigated for their antibacterial activity against propionibacterium acnes, stapylococcus aureus, and s. epidermidis. thirteen plant extracts were capable of inhibiting the growth of p. acnes and s. epidermidis, while 14 plant extracts exhibited an inhibitory effect on s. aureus. based on the broth dilution method, the ethyl acetate extract of alpinia galanga (l.) wild. (zingiberaceae) rhizome showed the strongest antibacter ...	2010	20645714
free radical scavenging and anti-acne activities of mangosteen fruit rind extracts prepared by different extraction methods.	the ethanol extracts of mangosteen fruit rinds prepared by several extraction methods were examined for their contents of bioactive compounds, dpph-scavenging activity, and anti-acne producing bacteria against propionibacterium acnes and staphylococcus epidermidis. the dried powder of the fruit rind was extracted with 95% ethanol by maceration, percolation, soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction, and extraction using a magnetic stirrer. soxhlet extraction promoted the maximum contents of crud ...	2010	20645837
infected rathke cleft cysts: distinguishing factors and factors predicting recurrence.	rathke cleft cysts (rccs) are benign sellar lesions that are generally asymptomatic but sometimes warrant transsphenoidal drainage. small case reports have described infected rccs, but this phenomenon remains uncharacterized.	2010	20651624