Publications

susceptibility to diphtheria.		1999	85838
does driving cause cancer and diabetes?		1999	88661
infection of small ruminants with ehrlichia spp. in sicily.	in 1991, the experimental infection of a goat with pooled blood from goats that were positive for anti-ehrlichia canis, e. risticii, e. equi and e. phagocytophila antibodies was monitored (physical examination, cell blood count, microscopical examination of blood smears, serology) for 180 days. the infection produced a clinical condition characterized by intermittent fever, anaemia and leukopenia with neutropenia during the first 40 days. recurrent leukocytosis with lymphocytosis was noticed aft ...	1999	11071551
platelet-associated immunoglobulin (antiplatelet antibody) in canine rocky mountain spotted fever and ehrlichiosis.	antiplatelet antibodies were detected in the sera of dogs with naturally occurring and experimentally induced rickettsia rickettsii and ehrlichia canis infections. this is the first known report documenting elevated platelet-associated immunoglobulin (paig) titers in rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) infections. in the naturally occurring rmsf infections and ehrlichiosis, the antibodies persisted for weeks or months, even when the platelet counts had normalized. results of this study indicate ...	1999	9934930
potential value of major antigenic protein 2 for serological diagnosis of heartwater and related ehrlichial infections.	cowdria ruminantium is the etiologic agent of heartwater, a disease causing major economic loss in ruminants in sub-saharan africa and the caribbean. development of a serodiagnostic test is essential for determining the carrier status of animals from regions where heartwater is endemic, but most available tests give false-positive reactions with sera against related erhlichia species. current approaches rely on molecular methods to define proteins and epitopes that may allow specific diagnosis. ...	1999	10066656
serological evidence of infection with ehrlichia spp. in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in switzerland.	serum samples from 1,550 red foxes in switzerland were tested for antibodies to the agents of canine granulocytic and monocytic ehrlichiosis by an indirect immunofluorescent technique. forty-four (2.8%) of the samples were positive for ehrlichia phagocytophila, which is an antigen marker for granulocytic ehrlichiosis. in contrast, none of the samples had antibodies specific to ehrlichia canis, the agent of monocytic ehrlichiosis.	1999	10074544
the map1 gene of cowdria ruminantium is a member of a multigene family containing both conserved and variable genes.	heartwater is an economically important disease of ruminants caused by the tick-transmitted rickettsia cowdria ruminantium. the disease is present in africa and the caribbean and there is a risk of spread to the americas, particularly because of a clinically asymptomatic carrier state in infected livestock and imported wild animals. the causative agent is closely related taxonomically to the human and animal pathogens ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis. a dominant immune response of infec ...	1999	10198207
molecular cloning of the gene for a conserved major immunoreactive 28-kilodalton protein of ehrlichia canis: a potential serodiagnostic antigen.	a gene encoding a 28-kda protein of ehrlichia canis was cloned, sequenced, and expressed, and a comparative molecular analysis with homologous genes of e. canis, cowdria ruminantium, and ehrlichia chaffeensis was performed. the complete gene has an 834-bp open reading frame encoding a protein of 278 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 30.5 kda. an n-terminal signal sequence was identified, suggesting that the protein undergoes posttranslational modification to a mature 27.7-kda protei ...	1999	10225842
antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup antigens and the spotted fever group rickettsial antigens, in free-ranging jackals (canis aureus syriacus) from israel.	a seroepidemiological survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of antibodies reactive with the ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroup antigens, and the spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiae antigens in jackals in israel (canis aureus syriacus), to assess the possible role of the jackal in the epidemiology of these diseases. fifty-three serum samples from jackals were assayed by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test. antibodies to e. canis were detected in 35.8% ...	1999	10321583
coinfection with multiple tick-borne pathogens in a walker hound kennel in north carolina.	both dogs and humans can be coinfected with various ehrlichia, bartonella, rickettsia, and babesia species. we investigated a kennel of sick walker hounds and their owners in southeastern north carolina for evidence of tick-borne infections and associated risk factors. a high degree of coinfection was documented in the dog population. of the 27 dogs, 26 were seroreactive to an ehrlichia sp., 16 to babesia canis, and 25 to bartonella vinsonii, and 22 seroconverted to rickettsia rickettsii antigen ...	1999	10405413
variability in the 28-kda surface antigen protein multigene locus of isolates of the emerging disease agent ehrlichia chaffeensis suggests that it plays a role in immune evasion.	infections caused by rickettsial pathogens persist in vertebrate hosts for long periods of time, despite the active host immune response. we recently described the multigene locus encoding 28 kda surface antigen proteins (28 kda saps) for two closely related rickettsials, ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis (reddy, g. r., et al. (1998) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 247, 636-643), that share extensive structural homology to antigenic variant surface protein genes of neisseria and borrelia ...	1999	10425222
efficacy of enrofloxacin for the treatment of experimentally induced ehrlichia canis infection.		1999	10499737
bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii and related members of the alpha subdivision of the proteobacteria in dogs with cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis.	cardiac arrhythmias, endocarditis, or myocarditis was identified in 12 dogs, of which 11 were seroreactive to bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii antigens. historical abnormalities were highly variable but frequently included substantial weight loss, syncope, collapse, or sudden death. fever was an infrequently detected abnormality. cardiac disease was diagnosed following an illness of short duration in most dogs, but a protracted illness of at least 6 months' duration was reported for fou ...	1999	10523564
emergence of anaplasma marginale antigenic variants during persistent rickettsemia.	anaplasma marginale is an ehrlichial pathogen of cattle, in the order rickettsiales, that establishes persistent cyclic rickettsemia in the infected host. within each rickettsemic cycle, a. marginale expressing antigenically variant major surface protein 2 (msp2) emerge. by cloning 17 full-length msp2 transcripts expressed during cyclic rickettsemia, we determined that emergent variants have a single, central hypervariable region encoding variant b-cell epitopes. the n- and c-terminal regions ar ...	1999	10531237
serosurvey of ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis infection in dogs in yamaguchi prefecture, japan.	antibodies to ehrlichia canis and hepatozoon canis in dogs at the animal hospital in yamaguchi university were surveyed and potential risk factors for both pathogens were evaluated. among 430 dogs examined, 20 (4.7%) and 18 (4.2%) dogs showed positive findings for e. canis and h. canis, respectively. neither, sex nor age was associated with the seropositivity of either pathogen, but the positive rate in dogs kept outside was slightly higher than that in dogs kept inside for both pathogens. a hig ...	1999	10563295
serological survey for antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis in dogs from the bloemfontein area, south africa.	sera from 161 dogs in the bloemfontein area in south africa were tested for the presence of antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis and e. chaffeensis by indirect fluorescent antibody testing. overall, 68 (42%) of the dogs had significant antibody titres (> or = 1/64) against e. canis and 61 (38%) had significant titres (> or = 1/64) against e. chaffeensis. seven (11%) dogs had higher titres to e. chaffeensis than e. canis (1/2048 and 1/1024 (2 dogs); 1/1024 and 1/512 (2 dogs); 1/2048 and 1/512 ...	1998	10192085
immunodominant major outer membrane proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis are encoded by a polymorphic multigene family.	several immunodominant major proteins ranging from 23 to 30 kda were identified in the outer membrane fractions of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of a 28-kda protein of e. chaffeensis (one of the major proteins) was determined. the gene (p28), almost full length, encoding the 28-kda protein was cloned by pcr with primers designed based on the n-terminal sequence of the e. chaffeensis 28-kda protein and the consensus sequence between the c termini of ...	1998	9423849
amplification of ehrlichial dna from dogs 34 months after infection with ehrlichia canis.	in order to determine whether dogs in the subclinical phase of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme) are carriers of ehrlichia canis and to determine the significance of persistent indirect immunofluorescent anti-e. canis antibody titers during this phase, pcr was performed with blood, bone marrow, and splenic aspirates collected 34 months postinoculation from six clinically healthy beagle dogs experimentally infected with e. canis. at least one of the three samples (spleen, bone marrow, and blood ...	1998	9431923
doxycycline hyclate treatment of experimental canine ehrlichiosis followed by challenge inoculation with two ehrlichia canis strains.	dogs were experimentally inoculated with ehrlichia canis florida to assess the efficacy of doxycycline hyclate for the treatment of acute ehrlichiosis. treatment with doxycycline eliminated infection in eight of eight dogs. untreated infected control dogs appeared to eliminate the infection or, alternatively, suppress the degree of ehrlichiemia to a level not detectable by tissue culture isolation or pcr or by transfusion of blood into recipient dogs. prior infection did not infer protection aga ...	1998	9527787
[imported arthropod-borne parasites and parasitic arthropods in dogs. species spectrum and epidemiologic analysis of the cases diagnosed in 1995/96].	between january 1995 and december 1996 nonendemic or only regionally occurring arthropodborne parasites including ehrlichiae and parasitic arthropods in germany were detected in 484 dogs, whereby at least 15 species were involved. listed in decreasing order, leishmania infections occurred most frequently, followed by infections/infestations with babesia canis, ehrlichia canis, rhipicephalus sanguineus, dirofilaria immitis and dermacentor reticulatus. the other species, namely babesia gibsoni, tr ...	1998	9531673
granulocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs from north carolina and virginia.	medical records of 3 dogs from north carolina and 3 dogs from virginia with ehrlichial morulae in circulating neutrophils were studied retrospectively. two clinically distinct disease syndromes, including chronic, moderate to severe anemia (n = 3) and polyarthritis (n = 2) were associated with canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (cge) in these dogs. one dog was clinically healthy, and abnormalities were not detected during physical examination. clinical signs were nonspecific and included fever, le ...	1998	9560760
a survey of tick-borne bacteria and protozoa in naturally exposed dogs from israel.	antibody reactivity against seven bacterial or protozoal pathogens was measured in sera derived from 40 dogs suspected of a tick-borne disease. sera from 73% (29/40) of the dogs reacted with three or more test antigens. seroreactivity was most prevalent to babesia canis antigen (90%) followed by babesia gibsoni (75%), ehrlichia canis (63%), rickettsia conorii--moroccan strain (58%), rickettsia conorii--israeli strain no. 2 (28%), borrelia burgdorferi (10%) or bartonella vinsonii (berkhoffii) (10 ...	1998	9561701
experimental transmission of ehrlichia canis (rickettsiales: ehrlichieae) by dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae).	four trials were conducted in which laboratory-reared dermacentor variabilis nymphs were exposed to ehrlichia canis by feeding on experimentally infected dogs as soon as classical morulae were detected in peripheral blood monocytes. after molting 25, 50 or 90 adult tick pairs were permitted to feed on 7 ehrlichia-naive dogs. transmission occurred in trials 1 (1/1 dog), 3 (1/1 dog) and 4 (2/2 dogs) but not in trial 2 (0/3 dogs), with 4 of 7 dogs becoming infected. successful transstadial transmis ...	1998	9561712
antibody response to hepatozoon canis in experimentally infected dogs.	canine hepatozoonosis is a disease caused by the tick-borne protozoan hepatozoon canis. five puppies were inoculated by ingestion of rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks experimentally infected with h. canis, and all became infected with h. canis: gametocytes were detected in blood smears from four dogs and schizonts were observed in the spleen and bone marrow of the fifth. antibodies reactive with h. canis gametocytes were detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifa), with igm detected in ...	1998	9561714
investigation of splenic functions in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis.	in order to determine the role of the spleen in the pathogenesis of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (cme), the effect of splenectomy on the course of the acute phase of experimental was investigated. intact and splenectomized dogs, sero-negative for ehrlichia canis antibodies, were infected with the israeli strain of e. canis. serology, clinical signs and haematological parameters were recorded prior to infection, and over a period of 60 days post infection, and were compared between the intact an ...	1998	9618865
molecular characterization of a 28 kda surface antigen gene family of the tribe ehrlichiae.	antisera against different ehrlichiae recognize an immunodominant, cross-reacting approximately 28 kda surface antigen defined as the map1 in cowdria ruminantium. these antigens are considered valuable in developing serodiagnostic tests and recombinant vaccines for ehrlichiae infections. to evaluate the relationship in three closely related ehrlichiae, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia canis, and c. ruminantium, the structure of the 28 kda antigen genes was analyzed. we describe the cloning and c ...	1998	9647746
therapeutic effect of doxycycline in experimental subclinical canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: evaluation of a 6-week course.	the efficacy of doxycycline treatment (10 mg/kg of body weight every 24 h for 42 days) in eliminating ehrlichia canis from four subclinically infected dogs was evaluated. one dog remained pcr positive, suggesting that 6 weeks of doxycycline treatment may not be sufficient to clear e. canis parasites from all subclinically infected dogs. serology (indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay) was shown to be unreliable in assessing recovery from the carrier state, as anti-e. canis antibodies persist ...	1998	9650986
survey of tick-borne diseases in dogs infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus at a kennel in okayama prefecture, japan.	serological tests were performed to investigate extent of tick-borne diseases in dogs infested with rhipicephalus sanguineus at a kennel in okayama prefecture. three of 22 dogs (13.6%) were positive for ehrlichia canis. two of 19 dogs (10.5%) were positive for rickettsia japonica. three of 22 dogs (13.6%) were positive for babesia gibsoni. none of these animals were positive for coxiella burnetii or hepatozoon canis. a microfilaria was detected in a drop smear of hemolymph from an engorged femal ...	1998	9673953
sequential evaluation of dogs naturally infected with ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia equi, ehrlichia ewingii, or bartonella vinsonii.	historically, disease manifestations in dogs seroreactive to ehrlichia canis antigens by indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing have been attributed to infection with either e. canis or ehrlichia ewingii. a 1996 study by dawson and colleagues provided pcr evidence that healthy dogs from southeastern virginia could be naturally infected with ehrlichia chaffeensis. this observation stimulated us to determine which ehrlichia spp. infected sick dogs that were referred to our hospital from the s ...	1998	9705408
cloning and characterization of multigenes encoding the immunodominant 30-kilodalton major outer membrane proteins of ehrlichia canis and application of the recombinant protein for serodiagnosis.	a 30-kda major outer membrane protein of ehrlichia canis, the agent of canine ehrlichiosis, is the major antigen recognized by both naturally and experimentally infected dog sera. the protein cross-reacts with a serum against a recombinant 28-kda protein (rp28), one of the outer membrane proteins of a gene (omp-1) family of ehrlichia chaffeensis. two dna fragments of e. canis were amplified by pcr with two primer pairs based on the sequences of e. chaffeensis omp-1 genes, cloned, and sequenced. ...	1998	9705412
acute blindness associated with monoclonal gammopathy induced by ehrlichia canis infection.	ehrlichia canis infection was diagnosed in a labrador retriever presented with a primary complaint of acute blindness. ocular signs on admission included bilateral hyphema, retinal haemorrhage and retinal detachment. serum protein electrophoresis results revealed monoclonal gammopathy. this report discusses and suggests the pathogenesis of ocular bleeding in canine monocytic ehrlichiosis. blood hyperviscosity, elevation in oncotic pressure, vasculitis, thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction a ...	1998	9735920
lack of susceptibility of ehrlichia canis to imidocarb dipropionate in vitro.	in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was used to compare the efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline on the growth of ehrlichia canis in dh82 cell cultures. over a 9-day period there were no significant differences (p < 0.01) in the growth of e. canis in untreated control wells and those to which imidocarb dipropionate was added at 1.2, 2.4, 4.8 or 12 micrograms/ml for the 1st 3 days. average infection rates rose from 50 to 55% on day 0 to 100% on day 5 or 6. doxycycline at 1 ...	1998	9760397
characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the 44-kilodalton major outer membrane protein of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent.	the major outer membrane proteins (omps) of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge) agent, with molecular sizes of 44 to 47 kda, are immunodominant antigens in human infection. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to the omps were made by immunizing balb/c mice with the purified hge agent and then by fusing spleen cells with myeloma cells. the immunologic specificities of three mabs (3e65, 5c11, and 5d13) were examined with five human hge agent isolates and one tick isolate. by western blot analysis, ...	1998	9774579
seroprevalence of ehrlichia canis and of canine granulocytic ehrlichia infection in dogs in switzerland.	serum samples from 996 dogs in switzerland were examined for antibodies to ehrlichia canis and to the agent causing canine granulocytic ehrlichiosis (cge). ehrlichiosis, borreliosis, and systemic illness not associated with ticks were suspected in 75, 122, and 157 of these dogs, respectively. the remainder of the serum samples were obtained from clinically healthy dogs which resided north (n = 235) or south (n = 407) of the alps. the serum samples were tested by an indirect immunofluorescence te ...	1998	9817854
a molecular and serologic survey of ehrlichia canis, e. chaffeensis, and e. ewingii in dogs and ticks from oklahoma.	polymerase chain reaction and southern hybridization were used to survey for the presence of ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia chaffeensis, and ehrlichia ewingii in blood samples of 65 dogs that harbored ticks from northcentral and northeastern oklahoma. dog blood samples were also examined for antibodies against e. canis and e. chaffeensis, using an immunofluorescent antibody test. ten of 65 dogs (15.4%) examined were positive for ehrlichia spp. by pcr. four (6.2%) were positive for e. ewingii, 2 (3.1 ...	1998	9831955
[ehrlichia canis infections of dogs in germany. epidemiology, diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis].	between january and december 1997 infections with ehrlichia canis were detected in 211 dogs in germany. of the 53 epidemiologically evaluable dogs, 19 animals born and raised in germany had travelled with their owners abroad in endemic areas, 30 dogs originated from there and four dogs had never left germany. as regards to the possible location of infection it has been registered that most dogs had been taken to countries of the mediterranean sea (spain, france, italy, greece) or had been import ...	1998	9857421
kinetics of serologic cross-reactions between ehrlichia canis and the ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroups in experimental e. canis infection in dogs.	the serological cross-reactions between the ehrlichia canis and ehrlichia phagocytophila genogroups, and the kinetics of development of antibodies in dogs to the e. phagocytophila group after artificial infection with the israeli strain of e. canis was investigated. results of this study indicate that the development of antibodies to the e. phagocytophila genogroup in dogs after infection with e. canis is a time dependent event probably conditional on the continued propagation of the rickettsia ...	1998	9880101
[blood transfusion - practice at komagome municipal hospital. 1. specificity and adverse effects of blood transfusion (1)].		1998	105182
[comparison of 24 hours ambulatory electrocardiography and endocavitary recording in the diagnosis of heart rate disorders].	ninety symptomatic patients aged between 16 and 90 years were investigated by ambulatory continuous 24 hour electrocardiography. 75 of these patients underwent endocavitary exploration of atrioventricular conduction and sinus node function within 48 hour of ambulatory electrocardiography. symptoms occurred during the recording in 30% patients, enabling the mechanism of the malaise to be determined. every time that abnormalities in the zone surrounding the tawara node were demonstrated by endocav ...	1998	106788
[long-term or interval therapy with antibiotics in chronic bronchitis].		1998	105221
enzymic properties of choline acetyltransferase from heads of drosophila melanogster.		1998	108360
comparisons of soybean urease isolated from seed and tissue culture.		1998	105010
child abuse and the military community.		1998	105315
[blood transfusion - practice at komagome municipal hospital. 2. specificity and adverse effects of blood transfusion (2)].		1998	105195
[a coronary care unit implements primary nursing].		1998	105178
effect of oral hypoglycaemic drugs on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion in borderline diabetic patients.		1998	104897
bilateral bundle branch block producing high-grade a-v block.		1998	108060
coronary spasm with ventricular fibrillation during thyrotoxicosis: response to attaining euthyroid state.	although myocardial ischemia may occur in thyrotoxic patients with normal coronary arteries, the mechanism remains unclear. this report describes a woman with hyperthyroidism who had ventricular fibrillation during an apisode of myocardial ischemia. the event was documented with continuous ambulatory electrocardiography. subsequent angiography revealed normal coronary anatomy with spasm of the right coronary artery that disappeared after ingestion of one sublingual nitroglycerin tablet. the angi ...	1998	104611
hla b27 and the genetics of ankylosing spondylitis.	one hundred and twenty-eight of 145 patients with ankylosing spondylitis (as) were found to be hla b27 positive. five patients had evidence of a sero-negative peripheral arthritis resembling peripheral psoriatic arthritis and 3 of these were b27 negative. one further b27 negative patients had a sister with ankylosing spondylitis and ulcerative colitis and a mother with ulcerative colitis. there was evidence of a somewhat later age of onset of symptoms in b27 negative patients. these findings are ...	1998	107868
oxidation of fatty alcohols to acids in the caecum of a gourami (trichogaster cosby).	oxidation of fatty alcohols to acids in gourami caeca was investigated by measuring the reduction of nad+ and the formation of labeled hexadecanoic acid from [1(-14)c]hexadecanol. virtually all dehydrogenase activity is in the microsomal fraction. maximal activity is obtained with nad+ as cofactor whereas with nadp+ 60% of that activity is obtained. the enzyme is rather specific for long chain alcohols and 2 nadh are formed for each molecule of hexadecanol oxidized to acid. it is stabilized by m ...	1997	229908
nucleoside 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate metabolites of purine analogs. possible role as physiological mediators.		1997	229855
characterization of the subclinical phase of canine ehrlichiosis in experimentally infected beagle dogs.	beagle dogs were examined during the subclinical phase of canine ehrlichiosis under controlled conditions. emphasis was placed on gathering data before artificial inoculation with ehrlichia canis, and comparing these data with those of the subclinical phase of the disease. in this study all dogs were clinically healthy throughout the 6 month examination period. all subclinically infected dogs had ifa antibody titers to e. canis at a dilution varying from 1:2560 to 1:20480. the most prominent hae ...	1997	9195740
comparison of nested pcr with immunofluorescent-antibody assay for detection of ehrlichia canis infection in dogs treated with doxycycline.	a partial 16s rrna gene was amplified in ehrlichia canis-infected cells by nested pcr. the assay was specific and did not amplify the closely related ehrlichia chaffeensis, ehrlichia muris, neorickettsia helminthoeca, and sf agent 16s rrna genes. the assay was as sensitive as southern hybridization, detecting as little as 0.2 pg of e. canis dna. by this method, all blood samples from four dogs experimentally infected with e. canis were positive as early as day 4 postinoculation, which was before ...	1997	9196207
development and evaluation of a recombinant antigen, monoclonal antibody-based competitive elisa for heartwater serodiagnosis.	cowdria ruminantium is the etiologic agent of heartwater, a tick-transmitted foreign animal disease with considerable potential for entrance into the usa. a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) was developed to detect serologic responses to c. ruminantium infection. the celisa utilized a recombinant form of the c. ruminantium major antigenic protein (map-1) as the antigen and an anti-map-1 monoclonal antibody as the competing indicator reagent. experimental antisera to c. rumin ...	1997	9211230
pcr amplification and comparison of nucleotide sequences from the groesl heat shock operon of ehrlichia species.	degenerate pcr primers derived from conserved regions of the eubacterial groesl heat shock operon were used to amplify groesl sequences of ehrlichia equi, ehrlichia phagocytophila, the agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (hge), ehrlichia canis, bartonella henselae, and rickettsia rickettsii. the groesl nucleotide sequences were less conserved than the previously determined 16s rrna gene sequences of these bacteria. a phylogenetic tree derived from deduced groel amino acid sequences was simi ...	1997	9230387
[hepatozoon canis infection of dogs in germany: case report and epidemiology].	this paper reports on a case of hepatozoonosis of a dog imported from italy to germany being additionally infected with ehrlichia canis and babesia canis. furthermore, a survey of the epidemiology of the hepatozoon canis infection is presented.	1997	9289886
different organisms associated with heartwater as shown by analysis of 16s ribosomal rna gene sequences.	cowdria ruminantium is a rickettsial parasite which causes heartwater, a economically important disease of domestic and wild ruminants in tropical and subtropical africa and parts of the caribbean. because existing diagnostic methods are unreliable, we investigated the small-subunit ribosomal rna (srrna) gene from heartwater-infected material to characterise the organisms present and to develop specific oligonucleotide probes for polymerase chain reaction (pcr) based diagnosis. dna was obtained ...	1997	9299697
thrombocytopathia and light-chain proteinuria in a dog naturally infected with ehrlichia canis.	a 6-year-old dog was presented for evaluation of recurrent epistaxis. platelet counts, biochemical tests, and coagulation tests were within the normal range, but a mucosal bleeding time was prolonged; there was hyperproteinemia and a monoclonal gammopathy. heterogeneity of light chains appeared in urine, however, thus suggesting that the gammopathy was polyclonal. platelet aggregation tests showed decreased responsiveness to collagen. an ehrlichia canis indirect fluorescent-antibody titer was po ...	1997	9348500
canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: a retrospective study of 100 cases, and an epidemiological investigation of prognostic indicators for the disease.	one hundred cases of monocytic ehrlichiosis diagnosed in israeli dogs were confirmed by the presence of anti-ehrlichia canis indirect immunofluorescent antibody titres greater than 1:40. the disease occurred in all age groups and there was no sex predilection. german shepherd dogs were significantly over-represented whereas crossbreed dogs were significantly under-represented (p > 0.0005). the most common clinical signs were depression, lethargy, lymphadenomegaly, fever, anorexia, panting, pale ...	1997	9351183
western immunoblotting analysis of the antibody responses of patients with human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis to different strains of ehrlichia chaffeensis and ehrlichia canis.	in order to evaluate the relative sensitivity of the detection of antibodies against various antigenic proteins of ehrlichia chaffeensis for the diagnosis of the emerging infectious disease human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, western immunoblotting was performed with 27 serum samples from convalescent patients with antibodies, as demonstrated by indirect immunofluorescence assay. among 22 patients with antibodies reactive with the 120-kda protein, 15 showed reactivity with the 29/28-kda protein(s ...	1997	9384299
suspected ehrlichial infection in five cats from a household.	ehrlichiosis is a poorly recognized condition of cats that may be associated with anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or dysproteinemia. affected cats may have indirect fluorescent antibody titers to ehrlichia canis and e risticii. we reviewed the clinical evaluation and response to treatment of 5 cats in a household where ehrlichial disease was suspected as the cause of recurrent leukopenias and thrombocytopenias. all of the cats had e risticii indirect fluorescent antibody titers and western ...	1997	9018358
clinical and clinicopathologic abnormalities in greyhounds with cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy: 18 cases (1992-1994)	to determine clinical signs and clinicopathologic abnormalities in greyhounds with cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy and to determine whether there were any differences between dogs with and without renal azotemia.	1997	9074681
immunoblot analysis of the immunoglobulin g response to ehrlichia canis in dogs: an international survey.	historically, considerable variation has been reported in the type and severity of clinical and hematologic abnormalities associated with canine ehrlichiosis. because of difficulties associated with the isolation of intracellular monocytic ehrlichia species in tissue culture systems, few e. canis isolates are available for comparative microbiologic studies. to address the issue of potential e. canis antigenic diversity in different regions of the world, dog sera reactive by indirect fluorescent ...	1997	9087922
the first isolation, in vitro propagation, and genetic characterization of ehrlichia canis in israel.	ehrlichia canis, the etiologic agent of canine ehrlichiosis, was isolated in israel from a naturally infected dog with acute signs of the disease. the organism designated e. canis 611, was passaged experimentally to a beagle, from which it was propagated in primary canine monocytes. the organism was then grown in vitro in a continuous canine cell line, dh82. nine beagles subsequently injected with whole e. canis-infected blood all developed typical symptoms of ehrlichiosis. an indirect immunoflu ...	1996	8686178
survey of ehrlichia canis antibodies among dogs in israel.	a seroepidemiological survey was made of the prevalence of antibodies reactive with ehrlichia canis in stray and pet dogs from five geographical regions of israel. serum samples from 410 dogs were assayed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test and serum reactive at a 1:20 dilution or greater was considered positive. the overall seroprevalence was 30 per cent with 23.9 per cent in pet dogs and 37.5 per cent in stray dogs. the seroprevalence in apparently healthy pets (17.6 per cent) was lower b ...	1996	8734508
isolation of ehrlichia canis from dogs following subcutaneous inoculation.	subcutaneous inoculation of dogs with ehrlichia canis was investigated as a more appropriate model of canine ehrlichiosis, which is naturally transmitted by arthropod vectors. a dose-dependent response occurred following subcutaneous inoculation of seven groups of dogs with log concentrations of e. canis-infected canine-origin cells. ehrlichial infection in dogs was defined as concurrence of an increased titer of anti-e. canis immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody in serum, a decreased platelet concen ...	1996	8735093
antibodies in cat sera from southern africa react with antigens of ehrlichia canis.		1996	8737264
geographic, clinical, serologic, and molecular evidence of granulocytic ehrlichiosis, a likely zoonotic disease, in minnesota and wisconsin dogs.	seventeen minnesota and wisconsin dogs with granulocytic ehrlichosis were studied. the diagnoses were made by finding ehrlichia morulae in peripheral blood neutrophils. eight dogs were studied retrospectively, and nine dogs were studied prospectively. the medical records of all dogs were reviewed. eighty-eight percent of the dogs were purebred and 76% were spayed females. the median age was 8 years. sixty-five percent of the cases were diagnosed in october and november. fever and lethargy were t ...	1996	8748270
[the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus (ixodidae), in germany: an epidemiologic study and control measures].	between january and december 1995 infestations with rhipicephalus sanguineus were established in 22 dogs in germany. out of these 22 animals 2 originated from the endemic area of this tick species, spain and the dominican republic and 11 dogs accompanied their owner to the mediterranean countries, 5 to italy, 3 to france, 2 to spain and 1 animal to greece. six dogs had never left germany and with 3 dogs the way of infestation could not be reconstructed. in 16 cases an abundant occurrence of r. s ...	1996	8765542
recombinant expression and use in serology of a specific fragment from the cowdria ruminantium map1 protein.	the major antigenic protein (map1) of cowdria ruminantium was screened for immunogenic regions by expression of overlapping recombinant dna clones of the gene encoding the map1 protein. two regions, designated map1-a and map1-b, were recognized by all antisera to 9 different isolates of c. ruminantium. map1-a contained one or more epitopes responsible for false-positive reactions with ehrlichia antisera in several serological tests for cowdriosis. cross-reactivity with map1-b was limited to anti ...	1996	8784484
kinetics of serum antiplatelet antibodies in experimental acute canine ehrlichiosis.	the pattern of appearance of serum antiplatelet antibodies during the acute phase of experimental canine ehrlichiosis (ehrlichia canis) was investigated in six beagles and correlated with the development of thrombocytopenia. the earliest detection of serum antiplatelet antibodies was made on day 7 post-inoculation in one dog, on day 13 in three out of six dogs, and on day 17 post-inoculation in the remaining two dogs. thrombocytopenia developed in all infected dogs. the results of this study sug ...	1996	8797272
post-therapy antibody titers in dogs with ehrlichiosis: follow-up study on 68 patients treated primarily with tetracycline and/or doxycycline.	the clinical and serological responses to therapy were evaluated for at least 1 year in 68 dogs with antibody titers positive for ehrlichia canis. treatments were of variable periods with primarily tetracycline hydorchloride and/or doxycycline. sixteen dogs had initial titers of 1:20 and, at the end of the year, were asymptomatic, no longer receiving medication, and had negative serology. the average length of treatment with tetracycline hcl and/or doxycycline was 85 days (range, 14 to 360 days) ...	1996	8819054
a recombinant antigen from the heartwater agent (cowdria ruminatium) reactive with antibodies in some southeastern united states white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus), but not cattle, sera.	recombinant baculovirus techniques were used to express the 260 amino acid carboxyterminal portion of the 32 kilodalton (kda) major antigenic protein (map 1) of cowdria ruminantium, the heartwater agent, as a fusion protein. the recombinant map 1 was fused to an aminoterminal independently antigenic octapeptide sequence (flag peptide). recombinant map 1 was used as an immunoblotting antigen to evaluate numerous reference antisera against organisms of the tribe ehrlichieae. monoclonal and polyclo ...	1996	8827667
specific, nonradioactive detection of the nhp bacterium in penaeus vannamei by in situ hybridization.	necrotizing hepatopancreatitis (nhp) is a disease of farm-raised pacific white shrimp (penaeus vannamei) caused by a pleomorphic intracellular bacterium. a dna probe that is specific for the etiologic agent of necrotizing hepatopancreatitis was devised and tested in an in situ hybridization assay. a procedure was developed for labeling a single-stranded dna probe with digoxigenin by the polymerase chain reaction. the dna probe encompasses the v1 and v2 variable regions of the 16s ribosomal rna ( ...	1996	8844575
ehrlichia canis-like agent isolated from a man in venezuela: antigenic and genetic characterization.	we report the first isolation and molecular and antigenic characterization of a human ehrlichial species in south america. a retrospective study was performed with serum specimens from 6 children with clinical signs suggestive of human ehrlichiosis and 43 apparently healthy adults who had a close contact with dogs exhibiting clinical signs compatible with canine ehrlichiosis. the evaluation was performed by the indirect fluorescent-antibody assay with ehrlichia chaffeensis arkansas, ehrlichia ca ...	1996	8862572
platelet dysfunction associated with experimental acute canine ehrlichiosis.	to determine whether platelet dysfunction occurs in canine ehrlichiosis, platelet aggregation studies in response to collagen/epinephrine, thrombin and adenosine diphosphate (adp) were carried out by the indirect method, using sera from six dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis. samples of serum taken before infection and four and 20 days after infection were tested by incubation with platelet-rich plasma from a seronegative healthy dog. platelet aggregation was significantly inhibit ...	1996	8890464
attempted transmission of ehrlichia canis by rhipicephalus sanguineus after passage in cell culture.	to compare the transmissibility by the brown dog tick, rhipicephalus sanguineus, of a recent isolate of ehrlichia canis (ebony) with that of another isolate (oklahoma) that had been passaged in cell culture, and to assess the genetic similarity of the 2 isolates as reflected in the nucleotide (nt) sequence of 16s rdna.	1996	8915436
specific amplification of ehrlichia platys dna from blood specimens by two-step pcr.	a two-step pcr method for diagnosis of canine infectious cyclic thrombocytopenia was established. three primers derived from the 16s and rrna gene sequence were used to amplify genomic dna specifically from ehrlichia platys. two-round amplification with dna templates prepared from e. platys-infected blood specimens produced 742- and 385-bp fragments, but these products were not found when an ehrlichia canis-infected blood sample and escherichia coli were used. this method, for which the minimum ...	1996	8940461
pcr detection of acute ehrlichia canis infection in dogs.	a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based detection assay that specifically detected ehrlichia canis in dogs with acute infections was developed. a region of the 16s ribosomal rna gene of e. canis was targeted for pcr amplification and chemiluminescent hybridization (ch) with a complementary internal 287-base pair (bp) oligonucleotide probe. the ch improved the pcr assay sensitivity 1,000-fold as compared with visualization on ethidium bromide-stained agarose gels. the pcr assay with ch (pcr/ch) d ...	1996	8953528
detection of ehrlichial antigen in plasma of beagle dogs with experimental acute ehrlichia canis infection.	six beagles were experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis. all dogs developed typical clinical signs of ehrlichiosis and sero-converted. ehrlichial antigenemia in the plasma of the infected dogs was detected using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). ehrlichial antigen was present starting 15-20 days post-infection, after the development of clinical signs and antibody titre to ehrlichia canis. the appearance of ehrlichial antigen in the plasma for a relatively short and vari ...	1996	8966999
serum protein alterations in canine ehrlichiosis.	serum protein electrophoresis was performed in 42 dogs with naturally occurring ehrlichia canis infection and in 15 clinically healthy dogs (control dogs). the infected dogs were found to have a significant hypoalbuminaemia, hyperglobulinaemia and hypergammaglobulinaemia compared to the control dogs (p < 0.001). a polyclonal gammopathy was found in all but one of the infected dogs which presented a monoclonal gammopathy. alpha-1 globulin was lower while alpha-2 and beta-2 globulin concentrations ...	1996	9017886
hormone-receptor interactions: corticotropin-(1-24)-tetracosapeptide spans artificial lipid-bilayer membranes.		1996	229037
[current point of burn patient care in france].		1995	228424
antibodies against rickettsiaceae in dogs of setúbal, portugal.	an indirect fluorescent antibody test was performed on sera collected from dogs housed in the municipal kennel of setúbal to assess the prevalence of antibodies to ehrlichia canis, the causative agent of canine ehrlichiosis and to rickettsia conorii, agent of boutonneuse fever in humans. two other members of the family rickettsiaceae, coxiella burnetii and rickettsia typhi, were included in the serosurvey. of the 104 dogs tested, 85.6% had antibodies to r. conorii, 50% to e. canis, 26.9% to r. t ...	1995	7655402
endocarditis in a dog due to infection with a novel bartonella subspecies.	vegetative valvular endocarditis involving the aortic and, to a lesser extent, mitral valves was diagnosed echocardiographically in a 3-year-old spayed female labrador retriever. historically, the dog had been treated with tetracycline hydrochloride and prednisolone for positive seroreactivity to ehrlichia canis and antinuclear antigens. although three aerobic and anaerobic blood cultures failed to grow bacteria, blood cultured simultaneously by the lysis centrifugation technique grew a fastidio ...	1995	7699033
development and evaluation of pcr assay for detection of low levels of cowdria ruminantium infection in amblyomma ticks not detected by dna probe.	the sensitivities of a pcr assay and a dna probe assay were compared for the detection of cowdria ruminantium in amblyomma ticks that were fed on c. ruminantium-infected, clinically reacting, and recovered carrier animals. the pcr assay and dna probe detected infection in 86.0 and 37.0%, respectively, of 100 ticks fed on a febrile animal. in 75 ticks fed on carrier animals, pcr and the dna probe detected infection in 28.0 and 1.33% of ticks, respectively. this demonstrates that the dna probe has ...	1995	7699036
evaluation of the pathogenic potential of rickettsia canada and rickettsia prowazekii organisms in dogs.	an unusual pattern of seroreactivity to antigens of rickettsial organisms (rickettsia rickettsii, r rhipicephali, r montana, and r bellii), particularly to r bellii antigen, was detected in 3 dogs during a 2-month period. thus, studies were initiated to clarify the pathogenic potential of the more distantly related rickettsial organisms (r canada and r prowazekii) in dogs. because r bellii are nonpathogenic rickettsiae that share numerous common properties with spotted fever-group and typhus-gro ...	1995	7601694
detection of platelet-bound and serum platelet-bindable antibodies for diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura in dogs.	the sensitivity and specificity of 2 antibody tests for diagnosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (itp) in dogs were investigated prospectively. an elisa to detect antibodies bound to the surface of platelets from affected dogs (direct test) was performed in 34 dogs with a clinical diagnosis of itp and in 21 dogs with thrombocytopenia attributable to other causes. an elisa to detect platelet-bindable antibodies in serum from affected dogs (indirect test) was performed in 32 dogs with itp ...	1995	7744662
serological evidence of ehrlichia canis in dogs in southern italy.	a serological survey of antibodies to ehrlichia canis was performed on 423 dogs. the indirect fluorescence antibody test was employed. for this purpose mouse-dog hybridoma cells infected with ehrlichia canis were used. eighty-five dogs were found positive. the study tested 25 dogs with clinical signs suggestive of a rickettsial infection. twenty-three of them had antibodies to e. canis.	1995	7760762
demonstration of serum antiplatelet antibodies in experimental acute canine ehrlichiosis.	this report presents evidence for the presence of antiplatelet antibodies in sera of dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis, during the acute phase of the disease. six healthy adult male beagle dogs were inoculated intravenously with blood from a longstanding infected dog with the israel strain 611 of e. canis. thrombocytopenia and concurrent increase in mean platelet volume were the most consistent haematological signs of the disease. the dogs developed an antibody titre to e. canis ...	1995	8533312
canine ehrlichiosis in egypt: sero-epidemiological survey.	a total of 374 dogs, 252 from five military kennels and 122 privately owned, were tested for ehrlichia canis antibody. sera were tested at a 1:20 dilution by indirect fluorescent antibody with the use of e. canis cell-culture antigen slides. the overall prevalence of e. canis antibody was 33%. antibody prevalence among military dogs (29%) was significantly lower than among privately owned dogs (41%; p < 0.05). the e. canis seroprevalence among dogs infested with ticks (rhipicephalus sanguineus) ...	1995	8539033
hemocytic rickettsia-like organisms in ticks: serologic reactivity with antisera to ehrlichiae and detection of dna of agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis by pcr.	ixodid ticks were collected from connecticut, massachusetts, missouri, pennsylvania, rhode island, and british columbia (canada) during 1991 to 1994 to determine the prevalence of infection with hemocytic (blood cell), rickettsia-like organisms. hemolymph obtained from these ticks was analyzed by direct and indirect fluorescent antibody (fa) staining methods with dog, horse, or human sera containing antibodies to ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, or rickettsia rickettsii. of the 693 nymphal and a ...	1995	8567911
use of a specific immunogenic region on the cowdria ruminantium map1 protein in a serological assay.	currently available serological tests for cowdriosis (cowdria ruminantium infection) in domestic ruminants are hampered by their low specificities because of cross-reactivity with ehrlichia spp. the use of recombinant major antigenic protein (map1) of c. ruminantium for serodiagnosis was investigated. overlapping fragments of the map1 protein were expressed in escherichia coli and were reacted with sera from sheep infected with either c. ruminantium or ehrlichia ovina. two immunogenic regions on ...	1995	7494037
further evidence for the efficacy of imidocarb dipropionate in the treatment of ehrlichia canis infection.	three dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis developed thrombocytopaenia and high antibody titres to e. canis in indirect fluorescent antibody tests. one dog also became leukopaenic. at weeks 6 and 8 post-infection, the dogs were treated with imidocarb dipropionate (5 mg kg-1 subcutaneously) and a further dose was administered at week 12 (5 mg kg-1 intramuscularly). twelve weeks after the last treatment (post-treatment), all dogs had normal platelet counts which persisted for a furthe ...	1994	7595915
cytopathic effect, plaque formation, and lysis of ehrlichia chaffeensis grown on continuous cell lines.	ehrlichiae are strict intracellular bacterial pathogens that parasitize leukocytes or other blood cells. only six agents of the tribe ehrlichieae, namely, cowdria ruminantium, neorickettsia helminthoeca, ehrlichia risticii, ehrlichia sennetsu, ehrlichia canis, and ehrlichia chaffeensis, have been adapted to growth in continuous cell lines. e. chaffeensis, the agent of human ehrlichiosis, has been cultured only in a cell line of canine origin. we adapted purified cell-free e. chaffeensis for grow ...	1994	8300201
cultural, molecular, and immunological characterization of the etiologic agent for atypical canine ehrlichiosis.	more than 100 cases of canine ehrlichiosis, with three fatalities, were serologically negative by the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) test with ehrlichia canis or e. sennetsu antigen but were reactive at titers of 10 to 640 with e. risticii. ehrlichia-like agents were isolated from three such cases. the agents isolated from those cases were morphologically indistinguishable from each other and from a prototype, e. risticii, the etiologic agent of equine monocytic ehrlichiosis, in terms ...	1994	8126175
human ehrlichiosis in the united states, 1985 to 1990.	to describe the epidemiology, clinical features, laboratory manifestations, response to therapy, and factors related to morbidity and mortality in a large group of patients with ehrlichiosis.	1994	8147546
serological evidence for antigenic relationships between ehrlichia canis and cowdria ruminantium.	the sera from dogs experimentally infected with ehrlichia canis reacted at very similar titres in indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) tests with e canis and cowdria ruminantium antigen. in western blots these sera reacted strongly with the immunodominant antigens of e canis (27 kda) and c ruminantium (25 and 32 kda). the dogs experimentally infected with c ruminantium showed no clinical evidence of infection, though the presence of organisms in the blood was demonstrable, for up to two weeks aft ...	1994	8191006
platelet concentration and hemoglobin function in greyhounds.	hematologic characteristics of 36 greyhounds were studied and compared with characteristics of 22 non-greyhound controls. fourteen of the greyhounds were tested and found to be seronegative for ehrlichia canis and babesia canis. compared with the non-greyhounds, greyhounds had higher mean hemoglobin concentration, pcv, mean corpuscular volume, and mean cellular hemoglobin, and lower mean rbc count, hemoglobin p50 value, hill coefficient, platelet count, and total plasma protein concentration. th ...	1994	7829376
comparison of the dot-blot enzyme linked immunoassay with immunofluorescence for detecting antibodies to ehrlichia canis.		1994	7846828