Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a flagellar glycan-specific protein encoded by campylobacter phages inhibits host cell growth. | we previously characterized a carbohydrate binding protein, gp047, derived from lytic campylobacter phage nctc 12673, as a promising diagnostic tool for the identification of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli. we also demonstrated that this protein binds specifically to acetamidino-modified pseudaminic acid residues on host flagella, but the role of this protein in the phage lifecycle remains unknown. here, we report that gp047 is capable of inhibiting c. jejuni growth both on solid an ... | 2015 | 26694450 |
| weakly deleterious mutations and low rates of recombination limit the impact of natural selection on bacterial genomes. | free-living bacteria are usually thought to have large effective population sizes, and so tiny selective differences can drive their evolution. however, because recombination is infrequent, "background selection" against slightly deleterious alleles should reduce the effective population size (ne) by orders of magnitude. for example, for a well-mixed population with 10(12) individuals and a typical level of homologous recombination (r/m = 3, i.e., nucleotide changes due to recombination [r] occu ... | 2015 | 26670382 |
| novel immunomodulatory flagellin-like protein flac in campylobacter jejuni and other campylobacterales. | the human diarrheal pathogens campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli interfere with host innate immune signaling by different means, and their flagellins, flaa and flab, have a low intrinsic property to activate the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5). we have investigated here the hypothesis that the unusual secreted, flagellin-like molecule flac present in c. jejuni, c. coli, and other campylobacterales might activate cells via tlr5 and interact with tlr5. flac shows striki ... | 2015 | 27303676 |
| novel immunomodulatory flagellin-like protein flac in campylobacter jejuni and other campylobacterales. | the human diarrheal pathogens campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli interfere with host innate immune signaling by different means, and their flagellins, flaa and flab, have a low intrinsic property to activate the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5). we have investigated here the hypothesis that the unusual secreted, flagellin-like molecule flac present in c. jejuni, c. coli, and other campylobacterales might activate cells via tlr5 and interact with tlr5. flac shows striki ... | 2015 | 27303676 |
| important role of a putative lytic transglycosylase cj0843c in β-lactam resistance in campylobacter jejuni. | beta-lactam antibiotics are an important class of antibiotics for treating bacterial infections. despite prevalent β-lactam resistance in campylobacter jejuni, the leading bacterial cause of human diarrhea in developed countries, molecular mechanism of β-lactam resistance in c. jejuni is still largely unknown. in this study, c. jejuni 81-176 was used for random transposon mutagenesis. screening of a 2,800-mutant library identified 22 mutants with increased susceptibility to ampicillin. of these ... | 2015 | 26635760 |
| antimicrobial resistance and genotypic diversity of campylobacter isolated from pigs, dairy, and beef cattle in tanzania. | foodborne campylobacter infections pose a serious threat to public health worldwide. however, the occurrence and characteristics of campylobacter in food animals and products remain largely unknown in tanzania. the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and genetic profiles (sequence types, sts) of campylobacter isolated from feces of pigs and dairy and beef cattle in tanzania. overall, 259 (~30%) of 864 samples were positive for campylobacter spp, which ... | 2015 | 26617582 |
| abstracts. | 2015 | 26553501 | |
| abstracts. | 2015 | 26553501 | |
| etiology of childhood infectious diarrhea in a developed region of china: compared to childhood diarrhea in a developing region and adult diarrhea in a developed region. | in china, great differences in economy, social characteristics and hygiene exist between developing and developed regions. a comparative study of infectious diarrhea between two regions was needed. three groups of diarrheal patients were collected: children ≤5 year-olds from beijing (developed region) and henan province (developing region), and adults over 18 year-olds from beijing. a questionnaire was used to survey and feces samples were examined for 16 enteropathogens. we enrolled 1422 childr ... | 2015 | 26528820 |
| multiplex detection of nine food-borne pathogens by mpcr and capillary electrophoresis after using a universal pre-enrichment medium. | routine microbiological quality analyses in food samples require, in some cases, an initial incubation in pre-enrichment medium. this is necessary in order to ensure that small amounts of pathogenic strains are going to be detected. in this work, a universal pre-enrichment medium has been developed for the simultaneous growth of bacillus cereus, campylobacter jejuni, clostridium perfringens, cronobacter sakazakii, escherichia coli, enterobacteriaceae family (38 species, 27 genera), listeria mono ... | 2015 | 26579100 |
| quantitative microbial risk assessment for campylobacter spp. on ham in korea. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the risk of illness from campylobacter spp. on ham. to identify the hazards of campylobacter spp. on ham, the general characteristics and microbial criteria for campylobacter spp., and campylobacteriosis outbreaks were investigated. in the exposure assessment, the prevalence of campylobacter spp. on ham was evaluated, and the probabilistic distributions for the temperature of ham surfaces in retail markets and home refrigerators were prepared. in addit ... | 2015 | 26761897 |
| chromosomal integration vectors allowing flexible expression of foreign genes in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of human gastroenteritis yet there is limited knowledge of how disease is caused. molecular genetic approaches are vital for research into the virulence mechanisms of this important pathogen. vectors that allow expression of genes in c. jejuni via recombination onto the chromosome are particularly useful for genetic complementation of insertional knockout mutants and more generally for expression of genes in particular c. jejuni host backgrounds. | 2015 | 26497958 |
| substitute sweeteners: diverse bacterial oligosaccharyltransferases with unique n-glycosylation site preferences. | the central enzyme in the campylobacter jejuni asparagine-linked glycosylation pathway is the oligosaccharyltransferase (ost), pglb, which transfers preassembled glycans to specific asparagine residues in target proteins. while c. jejuni pglb (cjpglb) can transfer many diverse glycan structures, the acceptor sites that it recognizes are restricted predominantly to those having a negatively charged residue in the -2 position relative to the asparagine. here, we investigated the acceptor-site pref ... | 2015 | 26482295 |
| pancreatic amylase is an environmental signal for regulation of biofilm formation and host interaction in campylobacter jejuni. | campylobacter jejuni is a commensal bacterium in the intestines of animals and birds and a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis in humans worldwide. here we show that exposure to pancreatic amylase leads to secretion of an α-dextran by c. jejuni and that a secreted protease, cj0511, is required. exposure of c. jejuni to pancreatic amylase promotes biofilm formation in vitro, increases interaction with human epithelial cell lines, increases virulence in the galleria mellonella infection mode ... | 2015 | 26438798 |
| effects of nitrate addition on rumen fermentation, bacterial biodiversity and abundance. | this study examined changes of rumen fermentation, ruminal bacteria biodiversity and abundance caused by nitrate addition with ion torrent sequencing and real-time polymerase chain reaction. three rumen-fistulated steers were fed diets supplemented with 0%, 1%, and 2% nitrate (dry matter %) in succession. nitrate supplementation linearly increased total volatile fatty acids and acetate concentration obviously (p = 0.02; p = 0.02; p<0.01), butyrate and isovalerate concentration numerically (p = 0 ... | 2015 | 26194220 |
| core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for high- resolution typing of enterococcus faecium. | enterococcus faecium, a common inhabitant of the human gut, has emerged in the last 2 decades as an important multidrug-resistant nosocomial pathogen. since the start of the 21st century, multilocus sequence typing (mlst) has been used to study the molecular epidemiology of e. faecium. however, due to the use of a small number of genes, the resolution of mlst is limited. whole-genome sequencing (wgs) now allows for high-resolution tracing of outbreaks, but current wgs-based approaches lack stand ... | 2015 | 26400782 |
| differentiation of campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli using multiplex-pcr and high resolution melt curve analysis. | campylobacter spp. are important causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans in developed countries. among campylobacter spp. campylobacter jejuni (c. jejuni) and c. coli are the most common causes of human infection. in this study, a multiplex pcr (mpcr) and high resolution melt (hrm) curve analysis were optimized for simultaneous detection and differentiation of c. jejuni and c. coli isolates. a segment of the hippuricase gene (hipo) of c. jejuni and putative aspartokinase (asp) gene of c. c ... | 2015 | 26394042 |
| milk modulates campylobacter invasion into caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells. | raw milk is a recognized source of campylobacter outbreaks, but pasteurization is an effective way to eliminate the causative agent of campylobacteriosis. whereas breastfeeding is protective against infectious diseases, consumption of formula milk is thought to be not. however, in relation to campylobacter, such data is currently unavailable. although both pasteurized and formula milk are pathogen free and prepared in a quality controlled manner, the effect they have on the virulence of campylob ... | 2015 | 26495128 |
| constitutive and inducible expression of the rrna methylase gene erm(b) in campylobacter. | macrolides are the antimicrobials of choice for treating human campylobacteriosis. the recent emergence of erm(b) in campylobacter bacteria threatens the utility of this class of antibiotics. here we report the constitutive and inducible expression of erm(b) in campylobacter isolates derived from diarrheal patients and food-producing animals. constitutive expression of erm(b) was associated with insertion and deletion in the regulatory region of the gene, providing the first documentation of the ... | 2015 | 26259800 |
| wild bird-associated campylobacter jejuni isolates are a consistent source of human disease, in oxfordshire, united kingdom. | the contribution of wild birds as a source of human campylobacteriosis was investigated in oxfordshire, united kingdom (uk) over a 10 year period. the probable origin of human campylobacter jejuni genotypes, as described by multilocus sequence typing, was estimated by comparison with reference populations of isolates from farm animals and five wild bird families, using the structure algorithm. wild bird-attributed isolates accounted for between 476 (2.1%) and 543 (3.5%) cases annually. this prop ... | 2015 | 26109474 |
| isolation and molecular identification of potentially pathogenic escherichia coli and campylobacter jejuni in feral pigeons from an urban area in the city of lima, peru. | feral pigeons (columbia livia) live in close contact with humans and other animals. they can transmit potentially pathogenic and zoonotic agents. the objective of this study was to isolate and detect strains of diarrheagenic escherichia coli and campylobacter jejuni of urban feral pigeons from an area of lima, peru. fresh dropping samples from urban parks were collected for microbiological isolation of e. coli strains in selective agar, and campylobacter by filtration method. molecular identific ... | 2015 | 26603225 |
| rapid host switching in generalist campylobacter strains erodes the signal for tracing human infections. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the biggest causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world, with human infections typically arising from zoonotic transmission associated with infected meat. because campylobacter is not thought to survive well outside the gut, host-associated populations are genetically isolated to varying degrees. therefore, the likely origin of most strains can be determined by host-associated variation in the genome. this is instructive for characte ... | 2015 | 26305157 |
| rapid host switching in generalist campylobacter strains erodes the signal for tracing human infections. | campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli are the biggest causes of bacterial gastroenteritis in the developed world, with human infections typically arising from zoonotic transmission associated with infected meat. because campylobacter is not thought to survive well outside the gut, host-associated populations are genetically isolated to varying degrees. therefore, the likely origin of most strains can be determined by host-associated variation in the genome. this is instructive for characte ... | 2015 | 26305157 |
| mass spectrometry-based phyloproteomics (mspp): a novel microbial typing method. | maldi-tof-ms of microorganisms, which identifies microbes based on masses of high abundant low molecular weight proteins, is rapidly advancing to become another standard method in clinical routine laboratory diagnostics. allelic isoforms of these proteins result in varying masses of detectable biomarker ions. these variations give rise to a novel typing method for microorganisms named mass spectrometry-based phyloproteomics (mspp). the base of mspp is an amino acid sequence list of allelic isofo ... | 2015 | 26303099 |
| virulence characteristics of hcp (+) campylobacter jejuni and campylobacter coli isolates from retail chicken. | recently the type vi secretion system (t6ss), which can play a significant role in bacterial survival and pathogenesis, was reported in campylobacter spp., having the hcp gene as a key component. | 2015 | 26207145 |
| population genetics and antimicrobial susceptibility of canine campylobacter isolates collected before and after a raw feeding experiment. | in recent years, increasing numbers of consumers have become interested in feeding raw food for their pet dogs as opposed to commercial dry food, in the belief of health advantages. however, raw meat and internal organs, possibly contaminated by pathogens such as campylobacter spp., may pose a risk of transmission of zoonoses to the pet owners. campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans but c. upsaliensis has also been associated with human disease. in this ... | 2015 | 26172151 |
| a single nucleotide change in muty increases the emergence of antibiotic-resistant campylobacter jejuni mutants. | mutator strains play an important role in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide and is increasingly resistant to clinically important antibiotics. the objective of this study was to identify the genetic basis that contributes to a mutator phenotype in campylobacter and determine the role of this phenotype in the development of antibiotic resistance. | 2015 | 26169557 |
| the contribution of co-reference resolution to supervised relation detection between bacteria and biotopes entities. | the acquisition of knowledge about relations between bacteria and their locations (habitats and geographical locations) in short texts about bacteria, as defined in the bionlp-st 2013 bacteria biotope task, depends on the detection of co-reference links between mentions of entities of each of these three types. to our knowledge, no participant in this task has investigated this aspect of the situation. the present work specifically addresses issues raised by this situation: (i) how to detect the ... | 2015 | 26201352 |
| filamentation of campylobacter in broth cultures. | the transition from rod to filamentous cell morphology has been identified as a response to stressful conditions in many bacterial species and has been ascribed to confer certain survival advantages. filamentation of campylobacter jejuni was demonstrated to occur spontaneously on entry in to stationary phase distinguishing it from many other bacteria where a reduction in size is more common. the aim of this study was to investigate the cues that give rise to filamentation of c. jejuni and c. col ... | 2015 | 26175723 |
| la35 poultry fecal marker persistence is correlated with that of indicators and pathogens in environmental waters. | disposal of fecally contaminated poultry litter by land application can deliver pathogens and fecal indicator bacteria (fib) into receiving waters via runoff. while water quality is regulated by fib enumeration, fib testing provides inadequate information about contamination source and health risk. this microbial source tracking (mst) study compared the persistence of the brevibacterium sp. strain la35 16s rrna gene (marker) for poultry litter with that of pathogens and fib under outdoor, enviro ... | 2015 | 25934617 |
| beyond campylobacter jejuni: understanding campylobacter coli infections in a systemic model of disease. | 2015 | 26083465 | |
| comprehensive mapping of o-glycosylation in flagellin from campylobacter jejuni 11168: a multienzyme differential ion mobility mass spectrometry approach. | glycosylation of flagellin is essential for the virulence of campylobacter jejuni, a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis. here, we demonstrate comprehensive mapping of the o-glycosylation of flagellin from campylobacter jejuni 11168 by use of a bottom-up proteomics approach that incorporates differential ion mobility spectrometry (also known as high field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry or faims) together with proteolysis with proteinase k. proteinase k provides complementar ... | 2015 | 25884275 |
| narrow-spectrum inhibitors of campylobacter jejuni flagellar expression and growth. | campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food-borne illness due to its ability to reside within the gastrointestinal tracts of chickens. multiple studies have identified the flagella of c. jejuni as a major determinant of chicken colonization. an inhibitor screen of approximately 147,000 small molecules was performed to identify compounds that are able to inhibit flagellar expression in a reporter strain of c. jejuni. several compounds that modestly inhibited motility of wild-type c. jejuni in s ... | 2015 | 25870073 |
| diversity of the epsilonproteobacteria dsb (disulfide bond) systems. | the bacterial proteins of the dsb family-important components of the post-translational protein modification system-catalyze the formation of disulfide bridges, a process that is crucial for protein structure stabilization and activity. dsb systems play an essential role in the assembly of many virulence factors. recent rapid advances in global analysis of bacteria have thrown light on the enormous diversity among bacterial dsb systems. while the escherichia coli disulfide bond-forming system is ... | 2015 | 26106374 |
| heat shock-enhanced conjugation efficiency in standard campylobacter jejuni strains. | campylobacter jejuni, the leading bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis in the united states, displays significant strain diversity due to horizontal gene transfer. conjugation is an important horizontal gene transfer mechanism contributing to the evolution of bacterial pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance. it has been observed that heat shock could increase transformation efficiency in some bacteria. in this study, the effect of heat shock on c. jejuni conjugation efficiency and the und ... | 2015 | 25911489 |
| the epidemiology and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infancy in southern vietnam: a birth cohort study. | previous studies indicate a high burden of diarrhoeal disease in vietnamese children, however longitudinal community-based data on burden and aetiology are limited. the findings from a large, prospective cohort study of diarrhoeal disease in infants in southern vietnam are presented herein. | 2015 | 25813553 |
| genetic characterization of campylobacter jejuni and c. coli isolated from broilers using flaa pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism method in shiraz, southern iran. | thermophilic campylobacters, particularly campylobacter jejuni and c. coli are the main agents of human campylobacteriosis. campylobacter contaminated chicken products is the most important source of foodborne gastroenteritis. evaluation of genetic diversity among campylobacter population is critical for understanding the epidemiology of this bacterium and developing effective control strategies against campylobacter infections and other related disorders. | 2015 | 26060566 |
| a prospective multi-center observational study of children hospitalized with diarrhea in ho chi minh city, vietnam. | we performed a prospective multicenter study to address the lack of data on the etiology, clinical and demographic features of hospitalized pediatric diarrhea in ho chi minh city (hcmc), vietnam. over 2,000 (1,419 symptomatic and 609 non-diarrheal control) children were enrolled in three hospitals over a 1-year period in 2009-2010. aiming to detect a panel of pathogens, we identified a known diarrheal pathogen in stool samples from 1,067/1,419 (75.2%) children with diarrhea and from 81/609 (13.3 ... | 2015 | 25802437 |
| towards fluorescence in vivo hybridization (fivh) detection of h. pylori in gastric mucosa using advanced lna probes. | in recent years, there have been several attempts to improve the diagnosis of infection caused by helicobacter pylori. fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) is a commonly used technique to detect h. pylori infection but it requires biopsies from the stomach. thus, the development of an in vivo fish-based method (fivh) that directly detects and allows the visualization of the bacterium within the human body would significantly reduce the time of analysis, allowing the diagnosis to be performe ... | 2015 | 25915865 |
| epidemiology of norovirus infections among diarrhea outpatients in a diarrhea surveillance system in shanghai, china: a cross-sectional study. | norovirus is an important cause of gastroenteritis both in children and adults. in china, few studies have been conducted on adult populations. this study aimed to determine the contribution of norovirus to gastroenteritis, characterize the features of norovirus infections, compare them with other pathogens, and test the effectiveness of the surveillance system. | 2015 | 25884557 |
| impact of oxidative stress defense on bacterial survival and morphological change in campylobacter jejuni under aerobic conditions. | campylobacter jejuni, a microaerophilic foodborne pathogen, inescapably faces high oxygen tension during its transmission to humans. thus, the ability of c. jejuni to survive under oxygen-rich conditions may significantly impact c. jejuni viability in food and food safety as well. in this study, we investigated the impact of oxidative stress resistance on the survival of c. jejuni under aerobic conditions by examining three mutants defective in key antioxidant genes, including ahpc, kata, and so ... | 2015 | 25914692 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction tests for detection of pathogens associated with gastroenteritis. | a wide range of enteric pathogens can cause infectious gastroenteritis. conventional diagnostic algorithms are time-consuming and often lack sensitivity and specificity. advances in molecular technology have provided new clinical diagnostic tools. multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-based testing has been used in gastroenterology diagnostics in recent years. this article presents a review of recent laboratory-developed multiplex pcr tests and current commercial multiplex gastrointestinal p ... | 2015 | 26004652 |
| first case report of campylobacter volucris bacteremia in an immunocompromised patient. | we report a case of campylobacter volucris bacteremia in an immunocompromised patient with polycythemia vera and alcoholic liver cirrhosis. to our knowledge, this is the first case report in which this organism has been isolated from a human clinical specimen. | 2015 | 25832303 |
| agriculture and food animals as a source of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. | one of the major breakthroughs in the history of medicine is undoubtedly the discovery of antibiotics. their use in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine has resulted in healthier and more productive farm animals, ensuring the welfare and health of both animals and humans. unfortunately, from the first use of penicillin, the resistance countdown started to tick. nowadays, the infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria are increasing, and resistance to antibiotics is probably the major ... | 2015 | 25878509 |
| clear distinction between burkholderia mallei and burkholderia pseudomallei using fluorescent motb primers. | a frame-shift mutation in the flagellum motor gene motb coding for the chemotaxis motb protein of burkholderia mallei has been utilized to design a conventional duplex pcr assay with fluorescent labelled primers. | 2015 | 25887130 |
| multicenter evaluation of the bd max enteric bacterial panel pcr assay for rapid detection of salmonella spp., shigella spp., campylobacter spp. (c. jejuni and c. coli), and shiga toxin 1 and 2 genes. | diarrhea due to enteric bacterial pathogens causes significant morbidity and mortality in the united states and worldwide. however, bacterial pathogens may be infrequently identified. currently, culture and enzyme immunoassays (eias) are the primary methods used by clinical laboratories to detect enteric bacterial pathogens. we conducted a multicenter evaluation of the bd max enteric bacterial panel (ebp) pcr assay in comparison to culture for the detection of salmonella spp., shigella spp., cam ... | 2015 | 25740779 |
| detection of thermophilic campylobacter sp. in raw chicken sausages by methods iso 10272: 2006 in curitiba - parana state - brazil. | the aim of this study was the detection of campylobacter sp. in raw chicken sausages using the methods iso 10272-1 and iso 10272-2. the overall prevalence of campylobacter sp. in the samples tested was 16.67%, representing a serious risk to the health of consumers, particularly if measures guaranteeing proper cooking of foods and prevention of cross-contamination are not adopted. furthermore, the majority of campylobacteriosis cases in humans are caused by consumption or improper handling of con ... | 2015 | 25763066 |
| detection of thermophilic campylobacter sp. in raw chicken sausages by methods iso 10272: 2006 in curitiba - parana state - brazil. | the aim of this study was the detection of campylobacter sp. in raw chicken sausages using the methods iso 10272-1 and iso 10272-2. the overall prevalence of campylobacter sp. in the samples tested was 16.67%, representing a serious risk to the health of consumers, particularly if measures guaranteeing proper cooking of foods and prevention of cross-contamination are not adopted. furthermore, the majority of campylobacteriosis cases in humans are caused by consumption or improper handling of con ... | 2015 | 25763066 |
| environmental monitoring of waterborne campylobacter: evaluation of the australian standard and a hybrid extraction-free mpn-pcr method. | campylobacter is the leading agent of diarrheal disease worldwide. this study evaluates a novel culture-pcr hybrid (mpn-pcr) assay for the rapid enumeration of campylobacter spp. from estuarine and wastewater systems. to first evaluate the current, culture-based, australian standard, an inter-laboratory study was conducted on 69 subsampled water samples. the proposed most-probable number (mpn)-pcr method was then evaluated, by analysing 147 estuarine samples collected over a 2 year period. data ... | 2015 | 25709604 |
| structural and functional implications of the interaction between macrolide antibiotics and bile acids. | macrolide antibiotics, such as azithromycin and erythromycin, are in widespread use for the treatment of bacterial infections. macrolides are taken up and excreted mainly by bile. additionally, they have been implicated in biliary system diseases and to modify the excretion of other drugs through bile. despite mounting evidence for the interplay between macrolide antibiotics and bile acids, the molecular details of this interaction remain unknown. herein, we show by nmr measurements that macroli ... | 2015 | 25655041 |
| microbial contamination of drinking water and human health from community water systems. | a relatively short list of reference viral, bacterial and protozoan pathogens appears adequate to assess microbial risks and inform a system-based management of drinking waters. nonetheless, there are data gaps, e.g. human enteric viruses resulting in endemic infection levels if poorly performing disinfection and/or distribution systems are used, and the risks from fungi. where disinfection is the only treatment and/or filtration is poor, cryptosporidiosis is the most likely enteric disease to b ... | 2015 | 25821716 |
| a community-based gastroenteritis outbreak after typhoon haiyan, leyte, philippines, 2013. | three weeks after typhoon haiyan, an increasing number of acute gastroenteritis cases were reported in kananga, leyte, an area where evacuated residents had returned home two days after the disaster. an outbreak investigation was conducted to identify the source and risk factors associated with the increase of gastroenteritis. | 2015 | 25960917 |
| prevalence of campylobacter species in milk and milk products, their virulence gene profile and anti-bio gram. | during the last decades, number of food poisoning cases due to campylobacter occurred, immensely. after poultry, raw milk acts as a second main source of campylobacter. therefore, the present study was undertaken to detect the prevalence of campylobacters in milk and milk products and to know the antibiotic sensitivity and virulence gene profile of campylobacter spp. in anand city, gujarat, india. | 2015 | 27046986 |
| laboratory diagnosis of bacterial gastroenteritis. | bacterial gastroenteritis is a disease that is pervasive in both the developing and developed worlds. while for the most part bacterial gastroenteritis is self-limiting, identification of an etiological agent by bacterial stool culture is required for the management of patients with severe or prolonged diarrhea, symptoms consistent with invasive disease, or a history that may predict a complicated course of disease. importantly, characterization of bacterial enteropathogens from stool cultures i ... | 2015 | 25567220 |
| exploiting quorum sensing interfering strategies in gram-negative bacteria for the enhancement of environmental applications. | quorum sensing (qs) is a widespread intercellular form of communication to coordinate physiological processes and cooperative activities of bacteria at the population level, and it depends on the production, secretion, and detection of small diffusible autoinducers, such as acyl-homoserine lactones (ahls), auto-inducing oligo-peptides (aips) and autoinducer 2. in this review, the function of qs autoinducers of gram-negative bacteria in different aspects of wastewater treatment systems is examine ... | 2015 | 26779175 |
| exploiting quorum sensing interfering strategies in gram-negative bacteria for the enhancement of environmental applications. | quorum sensing (qs) is a widespread intercellular form of communication to coordinate physiological processes and cooperative activities of bacteria at the population level, and it depends on the production, secretion, and detection of small diffusible autoinducers, such as acyl-homoserine lactones (ahls), auto-inducing oligo-peptides (aips) and autoinducer 2. in this review, the function of qs autoinducers of gram-negative bacteria in different aspects of wastewater treatment systems is examine ... | 2015 | 26779175 |
| epigenetic regulation of enteric neurotransmission by gut bacteria. | the human microbiome project defined microbial community interactions with the human host, and provided important molecular insight into how epigenetic factors can influence intestinal ecosystems. given physiological context, changes in gut microbial community structure are increasingly found to associate with alterations in enteric neurotransmission and disease. at present, it is not known whether shifts in microbial community dynamics represent cause or consequence of disease pathogenesis. the ... | 2015 | 26778967 |
| epigenetic regulation of enteric neurotransmission by gut bacteria. | the human microbiome project defined microbial community interactions with the human host, and provided important molecular insight into how epigenetic factors can influence intestinal ecosystems. given physiological context, changes in gut microbial community structure are increasingly found to associate with alterations in enteric neurotransmission and disease. at present, it is not known whether shifts in microbial community dynamics represent cause or consequence of disease pathogenesis. the ... | 2015 | 26778967 |
| novel barite chimneys at the loki's castle vent field shed light on key factors shaping microbial communities and functions in hydrothermal systems. | in order to fully understand the cycling of elements in hydrothermal systems it is critical to understand intra-field variations in geochemical and microbiological processes in both focused, high-temperature and diffuse, low-temperature areas. to reveal important causes and effects of this variation, we performed an extensive chemical and microbiological characterization of a low-temperature venting area in the loki's castle vent field (lcvf). this area, located at the flank of the large sulfide ... | 2015 | 26779165 |
| novel barite chimneys at the loki's castle vent field shed light on key factors shaping microbial communities and functions in hydrothermal systems. | in order to fully understand the cycling of elements in hydrothermal systems it is critical to understand intra-field variations in geochemical and microbiological processes in both focused, high-temperature and diffuse, low-temperature areas. to reveal important causes and effects of this variation, we performed an extensive chemical and microbiological characterization of a low-temperature venting area in the loki's castle vent field (lcvf). this area, located at the flank of the large sulfide ... | 2015 | 26779165 |
| probiotics as a potential alternative for relieving peripheral neuropathies: a case for guillain-barré syndrome. | 2015 | 26779152 | |
| probiotics as a potential alternative for relieving peripheral neuropathies: a case for guillain-barré syndrome. | 2015 | 26779152 | |
| characterization of bacterial isolates from the microbiota of mothers' breast milk and their infants. | this investigation assessed the potential of isolating novel probiotics from mothers and their infants. a subset of 21 isolates among 126 unique bacteria from breast milk and infant stools from 15 mother-infant pairs were examined for simulated gi transit survival, adherence to caco-2 cells, bacteriocin production, and lack of antibiotic resistance. of the 21 selected isolates a lactobacillus crispatus isolate and 3 lactobacillus gasseri isolates demonstrated good profiles of in vitro gi transit ... | 2015 | 26727418 |
| characterization of bacterial isolates from the microbiota of mothers' breast milk and their infants. | this investigation assessed the potential of isolating novel probiotics from mothers and their infants. a subset of 21 isolates among 126 unique bacteria from breast milk and infant stools from 15 mother-infant pairs were examined for simulated gi transit survival, adherence to caco-2 cells, bacteriocin production, and lack of antibiotic resistance. of the 21 selected isolates a lactobacillus crispatus isolate and 3 lactobacillus gasseri isolates demonstrated good profiles of in vitro gi transit ... | 2015 | 26727418 |
| the gut-brain axis: the missing link in depression. | the gut microbiota is essential to human health and the immune system and plays a major role in the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. based on evidence, the gut microbiota is associated with metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes mellitus and neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, autistic disorders, anxiety disorders and major depressive disorders. in the past few years, neuroscientific research has shown the importance of the microbiota in the develop ... | 2015 | 26598580 |
| polyphosphate kinases modulate campylobacter jejuni outer membrane constituents and alter its capacity to invade and survive in intestinal epithelial cells in vitro. | campylobacter jejuni is the most prevalent cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide. polyphosphate kinases 1 and 2 (ppk1 and ppk2) regulate several cellular processes, including the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. despite their importance, whether ppk1 and ppk2 modulate the composition of c. jejuni outer membrane constituents (omcs) and consequently impact its interaction with host cells remains unknown. our comparative analysis between c. jejuni wild type, δppk1, and δppk2 strains ... | 2015 | 26714783 |
| effect of x-irradiation on citrus canker pathogen xanthomonas citri subsp. citri of satsuma mandarin fruits. | citrus canker caused by xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (xcc) is one of the most important bacterial diseases of citrus. because citrus canker is not found in many countries including european union and australia, xcc is strictly regulated in order to prevent its spread. in this study, the effects of x-irradiation on xcc growth either in the suspension or on the surface of citrus fruits were investigated. the suspension containing 1×10(7) cfu/ml of xcc was irradiated with different absorbed doses ... | 2015 | 26672670 |
| characterization of a unique tetrasaccharide and distinct glycoproteome in the o-linked protein glycosylation system of neisseria elongata subsp. glycolytica. | broad-spectrum o-linked protein glycosylation is well characterized in the major neisseria species of importance to human health and disease. within strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, and n. lactamica, protein glycosylation (pgl) gene content and the corresponding oligosaccharide structure are fairly well conserved, although intra- and interstrain variability occurs. the status of such systems in distantly related commensal species, however, remains largely unexplored. using a st ... | 2015 | 26483525 |
| characterization of a unique tetrasaccharide and distinct glycoproteome in the o-linked protein glycosylation system of neisseria elongata subsp. glycolytica. | broad-spectrum o-linked protein glycosylation is well characterized in the major neisseria species of importance to human health and disease. within strains of neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, and n. lactamica, protein glycosylation (pgl) gene content and the corresponding oligosaccharide structure are fairly well conserved, although intra- and interstrain variability occurs. the status of such systems in distantly related commensal species, however, remains largely unexplored. using a st ... | 2015 | 26483525 |
| mgl receptor and immunity: when the ligand can make the difference. | c-type lectin receptors (clrs) on antigen-presenting cells (apcs) facilitate uptake of carbohydrate antigens for antigen presentation, modulating the immune response in infection, homeostasis, autoimmunity, allergy, and cancer. in this review, we focus on the role of the macrophage galactose type c-type lectin (mgl) in the immune response against self-antigens, pathogens, and tumor associated antigens (taa). mgl is a clr exclusively expressed by dendritic cells (dcs) and activated macrophages (m ... | 2015 | 26839900 |
| the stringent response regulator dksa is required for salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium growth in minimal medium, motility, biofilm formation, and intestinal colonization. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a facultative intracellular human and animal bacterial pathogen posing a major threat to public health worldwide. salmonella pathogenicity requires complex coordination of multiple physiological and virulence pathways. dksa is a conserved gram-negative regulator that belongs to a distinct group of transcription factors that bind directly to the rna polymerase secondary channel, potentiating the effect of the signaling molecule ppgpp during a stringent r ... | 2015 | 26553464 |
| the stringent response regulator dksa is required for salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium growth in minimal medium, motility, biofilm formation, and intestinal colonization. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a facultative intracellular human and animal bacterial pathogen posing a major threat to public health worldwide. salmonella pathogenicity requires complex coordination of multiple physiological and virulence pathways. dksa is a conserved gram-negative regulator that belongs to a distinct group of transcription factors that bind directly to the rna polymerase secondary channel, potentiating the effect of the signaling molecule ppgpp during a stringent r ... | 2015 | 26553464 |
| the lasb elastase of pseudomonas aeruginosa acts in concert with alkaline protease apra to prevent flagellin-mediated immune recognition. | the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of establishing severe and persistent infections in various eukaryotic hosts. it encodes a wide array of virulence factors and employs several strategies to evade immune detection. in the present study, we screened the harvard medical school transposon mutant library of p. aeruginosa pa14 for bacterial factors that modulate interleukin-8 responses in a549 human airway epithelial cells. we found that in addition to the previously identi ... | 2015 | 26502908 |
| the lasb elastase of pseudomonas aeruginosa acts in concert with alkaline protease apra to prevent flagellin-mediated immune recognition. | the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa is capable of establishing severe and persistent infections in various eukaryotic hosts. it encodes a wide array of virulence factors and employs several strategies to evade immune detection. in the present study, we screened the harvard medical school transposon mutant library of p. aeruginosa pa14 for bacterial factors that modulate interleukin-8 responses in a549 human airway epithelial cells. we found that in addition to the previously identi ... | 2015 | 26502908 |
| clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats are emm type-specific in highly prevalent group a streptococci. | clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crispr) are the bacterial adaptive immune system against foreign nucleic acids. given the variable nature of crispr, it could be a good marker for molecular epidemiology. group a streptococcus is one of the major human pathogens. it has two crispr loci, including crispr01 and crispr02. the aim of this study was to analyze the distribution of crispr-associated gene cassettes (cas) and crispr arrays in highly prevalent emm types. the cas c ... | 2015 | 26710228 |
| radiological features of gastrointestinal lymphoma. | gastrointestinal lymphomas represent 5-20% of extranodal lymphomas and mainly occur in the stomach and small intestine. clinical findings are not specific, thus often determining a delay in the diagnosis. imaging features at conventional and cross-sectional imaging must be known by the radiologist since he/she plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and disease assessment, thus assisting in the choice of the optimal treatment to patients. this review focuses on the wide variety of imaging presenta ... | 2015 | 26819598 |
| radiological features of gastrointestinal lymphoma. | gastrointestinal lymphomas represent 5-20% of extranodal lymphomas and mainly occur in the stomach and small intestine. clinical findings are not specific, thus often determining a delay in the diagnosis. imaging features at conventional and cross-sectional imaging must be known by the radiologist since he/she plays a pivotal role in the diagnosis and disease assessment, thus assisting in the choice of the optimal treatment to patients. this review focuses on the wide variety of imaging presenta ... | 2015 | 26819598 |
| erratum. | 2015 | 26697976 | |
| characterisation of worldwide helicobacter pylori strains reveals genetic conservation and essentiality of serine protease htra. | htra proteases and chaperones exhibit important roles in periplasmic protein quality control and stress responses. the genetic inactivation of htra has been described for many bacterial pathogens. however, in some cases such as the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori, htra is secreted where it cleaves the tumour-suppressor e-cadherin interfering with gastric disease development, but the generation of htra mutants is still lacking. here, we show that the htra gene locus is highly conserved in wo ... | 2015 | 26568477 |
| characterisation of worldwide helicobacter pylori strains reveals genetic conservation and essentiality of serine protease htra. | htra proteases and chaperones exhibit important roles in periplasmic protein quality control and stress responses. the genetic inactivation of htra has been described for many bacterial pathogens. however, in some cases such as the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori, htra is secreted where it cleaves the tumour-suppressor e-cadherin interfering with gastric disease development, but the generation of htra mutants is still lacking. here, we show that the htra gene locus is highly conserved in wo ... | 2015 | 26568477 |
| solar disinfection of viruses in polyethylene terephthalate bottles. | solar disinfection (sodis) of drinking water in polyethylene terephthalate (pet) bottles is a simple, efficient point-of-use technique for the inactivation of many bacterial pathogens. in contrast, the efficiency of sodis against viruses is not well known. in this work, we studied the inactivation of bacteriophages (ms2 and ϕx174) and human viruses (echovirus 11 and adenovirus type 2) by sodis. we conducted experiments in pet bottles exposed to (simulated) sunlight at different temperatures (15, ... | 2015 | 26497451 |
| solar disinfection of viruses in polyethylene terephthalate bottles. | solar disinfection (sodis) of drinking water in polyethylene terephthalate (pet) bottles is a simple, efficient point-of-use technique for the inactivation of many bacterial pathogens. in contrast, the efficiency of sodis against viruses is not well known. in this work, we studied the inactivation of bacteriophages (ms2 and ϕx174) and human viruses (echovirus 11 and adenovirus type 2) by sodis. we conducted experiments in pet bottles exposed to (simulated) sunlight at different temperatures (15, ... | 2015 | 26497451 |
| two uncommon causes of guillain-barré syndrome: hepatitis e and japanese encephalitis. | we are presenting two cases of guillain-barré syndrome where it is preceded by hepatitis e virus (hev) and japanese encephalitis virus (jev) infection, respectively. our first case is a forty-three-year-old nondiabetic, nonhypertensive female who was initially diagnosed with acute hev induced viral hepatitis and subsequently developed acute onset ascending quadriparesis with lower motor neuron type of bilateral facial nerve palsies and respiratory failure. second patient was a 14-year-old young ... | 2015 | 26798531 |
| vapd in xylella fastidiosa is a thermostable protein with ribonuclease activity. | xylella fastidiosa strain 9a5c is a gram-negative phytopathogen that is the causal agent of citrus variegated chlorosis (cvc), a disease that is responsible for economic losses in brazilian agriculture. the most well-known mechanism of pathogenicity for this bacterial pathogen is xylem vessel occlusion, which results from bacterial movement and the formation of biofilms. the molecular mechanisms underlying the virulence caused by biofilm formation are unknown. here, we provide evidence showing t ... | 2015 | 26694028 |
| the pathogenic potential of helicobacter cinaedi isolated from non-human sources: adherence, invasion and translocation ability in polarized intestinal epithelial caco-2 cells in vitro. | helicobacter cinaedi infection has been recognized as an increasingly important emerging disease in humans. infection with h. cinaedi causes bacteremia, cellulitis and enteritis. h. cinaedi has been isolated from non-human sources, including dogs, cats and rodents; however, it remains unclear whether animal strains are pathogenic in humans and as zoonotic pathogens. in this study, h. cinaedi isolates were recovered from a dog and a hamster, and the ability of these isolates to adhere to, invade ... | 2015 | 26685883 |
| the pathogenic potential of helicobacter cinaedi isolated from non-human sources: adherence, invasion and translocation ability in polarized intestinal epithelial caco-2 cells in vitro. | helicobacter cinaedi infection has been recognized as an increasingly important emerging disease in humans. infection with h. cinaedi causes bacteremia, cellulitis and enteritis. h. cinaedi has been isolated from non-human sources, including dogs, cats and rodents; however, it remains unclear whether animal strains are pathogenic in humans and as zoonotic pathogens. in this study, h. cinaedi isolates were recovered from a dog and a hamster, and the ability of these isolates to adhere to, invade ... | 2015 | 26685883 |
| a systematic review and meta-analysis of the campylobacter spp. prevalence and concentration in household pets and petting zoo animals for use in exposure assessments. | animal contact is a potential transmission route for campylobacteriosis, and both domestic household pet and petting zoo exposures have been identified as potential sources of exposure. research has typically focussed on the prevalence, concentration, and transmission of zoonoses from farm animals to humans, yet there are gaps in our understanding of these factors among animals in contact with the public who don't live on or visit farms. this study aims to quantify, through a systematic review a ... | 2015 | 26683667 |
| increased toxin expression in a clostridium difficile mfd mutant. | the symptoms of clostridium difficile infection are mediated primarily by two toxins, tcda and tcdb, the expression of which is governed by a multitude of factors including nutrient availability, growth phase and cell stress. several global regulators have been implicated in the regulation of toxin expression, such as ccpa and cody. | 2015 | 26679502 |
| unraveling the b. pseudomallei heptokinase wcbl: from structure to drug discovery. | gram-negative bacteria utilize heptoses as part of their repertoire of extracellular polysaccharide virulence determinants. disruption of heptose biosynthesis offers an attractive target for novel antimicrobials. a critical step in the synthesis of heptoses is their 1-o phosphorylation, mediated by kinases such as hlde or wcbl. here, we present the structure of wcbl from burkholderia pseudomallei. we report that wcbl operates through a sequential ordered bi-bi mechanism, loading the heptose firs ... | 2015 | 26687481 |
| glycan:glycan interactions: high affinity biomolecular interactions that can mediate binding of pathogenic bacteria to host cells. | cells from all domains of life express glycan structures attached to lipids and proteins on their surface, called glycoconjugates. cell-to-cell contact mediated by glycan:glycan interactions have been considered to be low-affinity interactions that precede high-affinity protein-glycan or protein-protein interactions. in several pathogenic bacteria, truncation of surface glycans, lipooligosaccharide (los), or lipopolysaccharide (lps) have been reported to significantly reduce bacterial adherence ... | 2015 | 26676578 |
| core 2 mucin-type o-glycan inhibits epec or ehec o157:h7 invasion into ht-29 epithelial cells. | how host cell glycosylation affects epec or ehec o157:h7 invasion is unclear. this study investigated whether and how o-glycans were involved in epec or ehec o157:h7 invasion into ht-29 cells. | 2015 | 26677400 |
| differential diagnosis of brucella abortus by real-time pcr based on a single-nucleotide polymorphisms. | to diagnose brucellosis effectively, many genus- and species-specific detection methods based on pcr have been developed. with conventional pcr assays, real-time pcr techniques have been developed as rapid diagnostic tools. among them, real-time pcr using hybridization probe (hybprobe) has been recommended for bacteria with high dna homology among species, with which it is possible to make an accurate diagnosis by means of an amplification curve and melting peak analysis. a hybprobe for b. abort ... | 2015 | 26666176 |
| differential diagnosis of brucella abortus by real-time pcr based on a single-nucleotide polymorphisms. | to diagnose brucellosis effectively, many genus- and species-specific detection methods based on pcr have been developed. with conventional pcr assays, real-time pcr techniques have been developed as rapid diagnostic tools. among them, real-time pcr using hybridization probe (hybprobe) has been recommended for bacteria with high dna homology among species, with which it is possible to make an accurate diagnosis by means of an amplification curve and melting peak analysis. a hybprobe for b. abort ... | 2015 | 26666176 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of shigella spp. and salmonella spp. by multiple endonuclease restriction real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification technique. | shigella and salmonella are frequently isolated from various food samples and can cause human gastroenteritis. here, a novel multiple endonuclease restriction real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification technology (mert-lamp) were successfully established and validated for simultaneous detection of shigella strains and salmonella strains in only a single reaction. two sets of mert-lamp primers for 2 kinds of pathogens were designed from ipah gene of shigella spp. and inva gene of salmonella ... | 2015 | 26697000 |
| comparative evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of different antimicrobial peptides against a range of pathogenic bacteria. | the rapid emergence of resistance to classical antibiotics has increased the interest in novel antimicrobial compounds. antimicrobial peptides (amps) represent an attractive alternative to classical antibiotics and a number of different studies have reported antimicrobial activity data of various amps, but there is only limited comparative data available. the mode of action for many amps is largely unknown even though several models have suggested that the lipopolysaccharides (lps) play a crucia ... | 2015 | 26656394 |
| assessing bacterial interactions using carbohydrate-based microarrays. | carbohydrates play a crucial role in host-microorganism interactions and many host glycoconjugates are receptors or co-receptors for microbial binding. host glycosylation varies with species and location in the body, and this contributes to species specificity and tropism of commensal and pathogenic bacteria. additionally, bacterial glycosylation is often the first bacterial molecular species encountered and responded to by the host system. accordingly, characterising and identifying the exact s ... | 2015 | 27600247 |
| the sweet branch of metabolic engineering: cherry-picking the low-hanging sugary fruits. | in the first science review on the then nascent metabolic engineering field in 1991, dr. james e. bailey described how improving erythropoietin (epo) glycosylation can be achieved via metabolic engineering of chinese hamster ovary (cho) cells. in the intervening decades, metabolic engineering has brought sweet successes in glycoprotein engineering, including antibodies, vaccines, and other human therapeutics. today, not only eukaryotes (cho, plant, insect, yeast) are being used for manufacturing ... | 2015 | 26655367 |
| resistance mutations in gyra and parc are common in escherichia communities of both fluoroquinolone-polluted and uncontaminated aquatic environments. | alterations in the target proteins of fluoroquinolones, especially in gyra and parc, are known to cause resistance. here, we investigated environmental escherichia communities to explore the possible link between the abundance of mutations, and the exposure to fluoroquinolones. sediment samples were collected from a relatively pristine lake, up and downstream from a sewage treatment plant, and from several industrially polluted sites. the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyra and parc ... | 2015 | 26696975 |
| repairing oxidized proteins in the bacterial envelope using respiratory chain electrons. | the reactive species of oxygen and chlorine damage cellular components, potentially leading to cell death. in proteins, the sulfur-containing amino acid methionine is converted to methionine sulfoxide, which can cause a loss of biological activity. to rescue proteins with methionine sulfoxide residues, living cells express methionine sulfoxide reductases (msrs) in most subcellular compartments, including the cytosol, mitochondria and chloroplasts. here we report the identification of an enzymati ... | 2015 | 26641313 |
| molecular genotyping of giardia duodenalis isolates from symptomatic individuals attending two major public hospitals in madrid, spain. | the flagellate protozoan giardia duodenalis is an enteric parasite causing human giardiasis, a major gastrointestinal disease of global distribution affecting both developing and industrialised countries. in spain, sporadic cases of giardiasis have been regularly identified, particularly in pediatric and immigrant populations. however, there is limited information on the genetic variability of circulating g. duodenalis isolates in the country. | 2015 | 26641082 |