Publications

differential toxicities of mercury to bacteria and bacteriophages in sea and in lake water.	mixtures of anionic hgcl3-/hgcl4(2)-complexes were less toxic to terrestrial bacteria (erwinia herbicola, agrobacterium tumefaciens), to marine bacteria (acinetobacter sp., aeromonas sp.), and to bacteriophages (phi 11 m 15 of staphylococcus aureus and p1 of escherichia coli) than were equivalent concentrations of hg as cationic hg2+. the toxicity of 1 ppm hg to a. tumefaciens. aeromonas sp., and phi 11 m 15 was less in seawater than in lake water. inasmuch as the hg-cl species are formed in env ...	1979	161510
crown-gall and agrobacterium tumefaciens: survey of a plant-cell-transformation system of interest to medicine and agriculture.		1979	377583
transcription of ti plasmid-derived sequences in three octopine-type crown gall tumor lines.	total rna isolated from three octopine-type crown gall lines contains sequences homologous to specific regions of the tumor-inducing (ti) plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens strain 15955. a comparison of transcripts in these three tumor lines suggests that tumor cells transcribe various sequences within a sector of plasmid dna of 13 x 10(6) daltons and that transcription may not be uniform across the plasmid derived sequences (t-dna). transcription of t-dna by octopine-type tumors occurs at fou ...	1979	379864
primary structure of a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase specified by r plasmids.	naturally occurring isolates of chloramphenicol-resistant bacteria commonly synthesise chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (ec 2.3.28; cat) in amounts which are sufficient to account for the resistance phenotype and often harbour plasmids which carry the structural gene for cat. the findings of cat in such diverse prokaryotes as proteus mirabilis, agrobacterium tumefaciens, streptomyces sp., and a soil flavobacterium has led to speculation concerning the origin and evolution of the more commonly o ...	1979	390404
tumor induction by agrobacterium tumefaciens prevented in vigna sinensis seedlings systemically infected by ribonucleic acid viruses.	cowpea (vigna sinensis) seedlings failed to develop tumors after being inoculated with crown gall bacteria (agrobacterium tumefaciens) if, at times earlier than 1 day later, they were inoculated on the primary leaves with a cowpea mosaic virus that systemically infects them. inoculation with buffer or with a virus that is restricted to a localized infection, or to which the cowpea is immune, did not interfere with the subsequent development of tumors. the virus infection did not appear to affect ...	1979	422243
crown gall teratoma formation is plasmid and plant controlled.	experiments using different species of the plant nicotiana and strains of the bacterium agrobacterium tumefaciens showed that teratoma formation from crown galls was dependent on the combination of bacterial ti plasmid and host plant used.	1979	422509
isolation of a non-tumor-inducing mutant of the ti plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6.	a nonpathogenic mutant of agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 was isolated and its properties compared with the parental strain in an effort to localize the mutation. both b6 and its mutant (b6-95) had similar colony color and morphology, were ketolactose positive, utilized octopine, and contained plasmid dna. kinetic analysis of dna reannealing showed that total dna homology and plasmid dna homology between b6 and b6-95 was at least 90%. the length of both plasmids was found to be 58 micrometer ...	1979	455147
genetic mapping of the bacteriophage ps8 of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	genetic mapping of the chromosome of the bacteriophage ps8 of agrobacterium tumefaciens using temperature sensitive (ts) mutants of the bacteriophage is described.	1979	456950
r-plasmid-mediated chromosomal gene transfer in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	although several techniques are available for transferring the ti plasmids from one strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens to another, there are no reproducible methods for analysis of chromosomal markers in this phytopathogen. the r plasmid, r68.45, is known to show chromosomal mobilizing ability in several bacterial genera including the closely related rhizobia. r68.45 was transferred into the prototrophic a. tumefaciens strain 15955. ten kanamycin-resistant transconjugant clones were tested for ...	1979	457601
negative control of octopine degradation and transfer genes of octopine ti plasmids in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the regulatory system that controls the expression of the ti plasmid-borne octopine degradation (uad) and transfer (tra) genes in agrobacterium tumefaciens was studied. a deletion mutant derived from the cointegrate plasmid r702::ti-b6s3 was isolated, which was compatible with a wild-type ti plasmid and which had retained the uad genes. by means of this mutant plasmid pal116, it was possible to make cells diploid for the uad genes. pal116 was introduced into rec- strains that contained different ...	1979	457610
host range conferred by the virulence-specifying plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the host range of agrobacterium tumefaciens 1d1109, known to induce crown gall only on grapevine (vitis spp.), was extended to include many plant species by transferring a tumor-inducing plasmid (pti) from strain 1d1, a broad-host-range pathogen. the pti plasmid was mobilized by the conjugative plasmid prk2, which was inserted into 1d1 by mating with escherichia coli j53(prk2). the resulting transconjugants were screened for their ability to induce crown gall tumors on hosts other than grapevine ...	1979	457613
choriogonadotropin-like antigen in an anaerobic bacterium, eubacterium lentum, isolated from a rectal tumor.	using the indirect fluorescein-labeled and indirect peroxidase-antiperoxidase-labeled immunohistochemical techniques, and utilizing both antiserum specific for the beta-subunit of choriogonadotropin and antiserum for the total hormone, we have demonstrated the presence of a choriogonadotropin-like immunoreactive material in a strain of eubacterium lenthum that was originally isolated from a rectal tumor. in contrast, both immunohistochemical reactions were negative when applied to a strain of co ...	1979	468380
purification and characterization of the crown gall specific enzyme nopaline synthase.	nopaline synthase of sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) crown gall tissue induced by agrobacterium tumefaciens strain c58 or t37 (nopaline utilizers) was purified to homogeneity as judged by analytical disc gel electrophoresis. the native enzyme elutes from a column of ultrogen aca 34 as a single peak with an estimated molecular weight of 158,000. the dissociated enzyme migrates on nadodso4-polyacrylamide gels as a single band with a molecular weight of 40,000. thus, the native enzyme appears to b ...	1979	476084
purification and properties of d-glucosaminate dehydratase from agrobacterium radiobacter.		1979	477973
a new site-specific endonuclease showing phenotypical crypticity in a tumorigenic strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	atubvi, an endonuclease showing new site-specificity, has been isolated from the tumorigenic strain iibv7 of agrobacterium tumefaciens, and is undetectable in the non-tumorigenic sister strain iibnv6. atubvi degrades iibv7 dna in vitro and should, therefore, be regarded as being phenotypically cryptic in the bacterial cell; it also shows anomalous behavior under cerain incubation conditions. these properties point to a possible role for this enzyme in the insertion of exogenous ti-plasmid dna in ...	1979	478298
indoleacetic acid production: a plasmid function of agrobacterium tumefaciens c58.		1979	496970
purification and characterization of agrocin 84.	a procedure for the rapid purification of milligram quantities of agrocin 84, a bacteriocin-like compound produced by agrobacterium radiobacter strain k-84, has been developed. this procedure, which employs charcoal adsorption, ion-exchange, sieving chromatography, and continuous-flow electrophoresis, can yield agrocin 84 which is 65% pure on a dry weight basis. the purest preparations were strongly ultraviolet absorbing, with a maximum at 264 nm (epsilon 7.0/264 = 22,675 cm2 - m-1) and a minimu ...	1979	507786
a study of the tumorogenesis of agrobacterium tumefaciens conn. on some plant species of iran.	this paper is a survey and comparative type of study on the tumorogenetic effect of agrobacterium tumefaciens on some plant species of iran. the results obtained indicate that the tumor-inducing property of this micro-organism is not common to all plant species studied; moreover no tumor was initiated on the mature leaves by the bacteria. the results obtained with the local varieties of the susceptible plants show some qualitative and quantitative differences as compared with the works of other ...	1979	545942
crown gall: economic importance and control.	many plants of economic importance are possible hosts for agrobacterium tumefaciens, the causal organism of the crown gall tumor disease. damage has been reported on stone fruit (australia), vineyard (hungary, bulgaria), lettuce (brasil) ... in western-europe, crown gall seems to be of less economic importance for plants growing in the open air. however, plants cultivated in greenhouses have a greater chance to be tumorized, because of the more favourable circumstances for tumor induction. moder ...	1979	549390
influence of environmental factors on antagonism of fungi by bacteria in soil: clay minerals and ph.	the soil replica plating technique was used to evaluate the influence of clay minerals and ph on antagonistic interactions between fungi and bacteria in soil. in general, the antagonistic activity of bacteria towards filamentous fungi was greater in soil than on agar. the spread of aspergillus niger through soil was inhibited by serratia marcescens when the organisms were inoculated into separate sites in soil, and this antagonistic effect was maintained when the soil was amended with 3, 6, 9, o ...	1979	16345477
in vitro binding of agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant cells from suspension culture.	in vitro binding experiments were carried out using (32)p-labeled cells of the virulent agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 and datura innoxia cells from suspension culture. binding kinetics showed that adherence of bacteria to datura cells increased gradually during the first 60 minutes and attained a maximum level within 120 minutes of incubation. maximum binding occurred at ph 6.0. the presence of ca(2+) and mg(2+) reduced binding slightly and edta had little effect at concentrations of 0.1 t ...	1979	16660732
factors affecting crown gall tumorigenesis in tuber slices of jerusalem artichoke (helianthus tuberosus, l.).	agrobacterium tumefaciens can induce tumors on thin slices which are excised from jerusalem artichoke (helianthus tuberosus) tubers and grown in culture on medium containing minerals and a carbon source. a comparative study was made of the kinetics of cell division in slices under three conditions: (a) slices which were untreated and showed only spontaneous (wound-induced) cell divisions; (b) slices treated with indoleacetic acid at several concentrations; and (c) slices treated with virulent or ...	1979	16660891
agrobacterium tumefaciens site attachment as a necessary prerequisite for crown gall tumor formation on potato discs.	the infectivity of agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 was inhibited about 50% when these bacteria were inoculated on potato discs with equal viable cell counts of a weakly virulent strain of a. tumefaciens (b-48) or autoclaved strains of b6 or b-48. inhibition by b-48 or autoclaved b6 could still be obtained when these cells were added up to a maximum of 10 minutes after the addition of viable b6. maximum inhibition occurred when these cells were added 10 minutes prior to the addition of b6. th ...	1978	16660410
in vivo synthesis of crown gall-specific agrobacterium tumefaciens-directed derivatives of basic amino acids.	several kinds of primary sunflower (helianthus annuus) crown gall tissues were established in tissue culture and then labeled in vivo with either [(14)c]arginine, [(14)c]histidine, [(3)h]lysine, or [(3)h]ornithine. crown gall tissues incited by agrobacterium tumefaciens strains that utilize octopine as a sole source of carbon or nitrogen for growth synthesized the four members of the n(2)-(1-carboxyethyl)-amino acid family: octopine, histopine, lysopine, and octopinic acid. those tissues incited ...	1978	16660462
characterization of the enzyme responsible for nopaline and ornaline synthesis in sunflower crown gall tissues.	extracts prepared from sunflower (helianthus annuus l.) crown gall tissues induced by agrobacterium tumefaciens strains c58 and t37 (nopaline utilizers) catalyze the synthesis of nopaline and ornaline. these compounds are not synthesized in extracts of crown gall tissues induced by strains b6, 15955 (octopine utilizers), and at1 (utilizes neither octopine nor nopaline) or in extracts of habituated sunflower callus. both synthetic activities require nadph, alpha-ketoglutarate, and either arginine ...	1978	16660518
coordinated regulation of octopine degradation and conjugative transfer of ti plasmids in agrobacterium tumefaciens: evidence for a common regulatory gene and separate operons.	by using the analog noroctopine, mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens were isolated with altered regulation patterns for the ti plasmid-borne octopine utilization genes. these could be divided into three classes: (i) strains with a constitutive level of octopine enzymes and a high degree of spontaneous ti transfer; (ii) one strain with constitutive octopine enzymes but no spontaneous ti transfer; and (iii) strains with an altered inducibility in which, contrary to the wild-type ti plasmid, conju ...	1978	711678
[ring structures on the cell wall of agrobacterium tumefaciens (author's transl)].		1978	713041
multiple genes coding for octopine-degrading enzymes in agrobacterium.	most biotype 2 strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens and a. radiobacter which utilize nopaline also degrade octopine. in all such strains studied, the ability to degrade octopine did not appear to be transferred to plasmidless recipient cells under conditions of plasmid transfer in which the ability to utilize nopaline was transferred. an octopine-degrading mutant was isolated in a strain cured of its plasmid, suggesting that genes of octopine degradation may have a chromosomal location in some s ...	1978	721779
[proliferative activity of normal and tumorous plant tissues cultivated in vitro].	proliferative pools of helianthus tuberosus l. explants tissues were studied using autoradiography with 3h-thymidine in the course of normal growth in vitro and tumorous growth induced by agrobacterium tumefaciens. it is determined that on the 3d or 4th day of tumorous transformation the number of cycling cells reaches 30% whereas that of normally growing explants showed 10-11%. no changes were observed in 3h-thymidine transport during this period.	1978	726052
plasmid-dependent attachment of agrobacterium tumefaciens to plant tissue culture cells.	kinetic, microscopic, and biochemical studies show that virulent ti (tumor inducing)-plasmid-containing strains of agrobacterium attach to normal tobacco and carrot tissue culture cells. kinetic studies showed that virulent strains of a. tumefaciens attach to the plant tissue culture cells in increasing numbers during the first 1 to 2 h of incubation of the bacteria with the plant cells. five ti-plasmid-containing virulent agrobacterium strains showed greater attachment to tobacco cells than did ...	1978	730370
mutagenesis by insertion of the drug resistance transposon tn7 applied to the ti plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1978	748948
restriction endonuclease mapping of a plasmid that confers oncogenicity upon agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6-806.		1978	748950
production of adventitious root primordia on hypocotyls of castor bean seedling, infected with agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the development of sterile secondary tumours on hypocotyls of castor bean seedlings, inoculated with any of the ten isolates of agrobacterium tumefaciens tested, were observed below the site of the primary tumours. histopathological studies performed in the present work indicate that the observed secondary tumours were adventitious root primordia and not the ordinary type of secondary tumours. according to the available literature such findings are reported here for the first time. all the teste ...	1978	749411
in vivo transfer of the ti-plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens to escherichia coli.	the ti-plasmids are naturally self-transmissible from their normal host agrobacterium to e. coli. they are however unable to stably establish themselves as a replicon in e. coli. it is nevertheless possible to study the ti-plasmids in e. coli with the help of ti::rp4 cointegrate plasmids that transfer and maintain themselves very efficiently in e. coli. an e. coli harbouring such a ti::rp4 plasmid is unable to catabolize octopine and unable to induce crown-gall tumours on plants.	1978	150536
studies on regulatory functions of malic enzymes. v. comparative studies of malic enzymes in bacteria.	screening of four malic enzymes--nad-linked enzyme [ec 1.1.1.38], nad, nadp-linked enzyme [ec 1.1.1.39], nadp-linked enzyme [ec 1.1.1.40], and d-malic enzyme--was carried out with cell-free extracts of the following 16 strains of bacteria by the aid of sepharose 6b column chromatography: 9 strains of enteric bacteria, 3 strains of pseudomonas, alcaligenes faecalis, agrobacterium tumefaciens, rhodospirillum rubrum, and clostridium tetanomorphum. all the strains tested contained at least one malic ...	1978	96110
isolation of large bacterial plasmids and characterization of the p2 incompatibility group plasmids pmg1 and pmg5.	large plasmids from agrobacterium tumefaciens, salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli, pseudomonas putida, and pseudomonas aeruginosa were routinely and consistently isolated using a procedure which does not require ultracentrifugation but includes steps designed to separate large-plasmid dna from the bacterial folded chromosome. it also selectively removes fragments of broken chromosome. a variety of large plasmids was readily visualized with agarose gel electorphoresis, including five betwee ...	1978	97269
transfer of nitrogen fixation genes from a bacterium with the characteristics of both rhizobium and agrobacterium.	strain t1k, reported to be rhizobium trifolii strain t1 carrying the drug resistance plasmid ru-1drd, was able to transfer a cluster of nif+ genes to escherichia coli k-12. additional genetic material, resembling the gal-chla region of e. coli, was also transferred from strain t1k. the segregation pattern of these transferred genes suggested that they were on a plasmid. although strain tik was able to nodulate red and white clover, it also formed very slow-growing galls on tomato stems and share ...	1978	342496
transfection and transformation of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the freeze thaw transfection procedure of dityatkin et al. (1972) was adapted for the transfection and transformation of a. tumefaciens. transfection of the strains b6s3 and b6-6 with dna of the temperate phage ps8cc186 yielded a maximum frequency of 2 10(-7) transfectants per total recipient population. in transformation of the strain gv3100 with the p type plasmid rp4 a maximum frequency of 3.5 10(-7) transformants per total recipient population was obtained. agrobacterium ti-plasmids were int ...	1978	355847
transfer of rp4::mu plasmids to agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1978	372975
dna modifying enzymes of agrobacterium tumefaciens: effect of dna topoisomerase, restriction endonuclease, and unique dna endonuclease on plasmid and plant dna.	extracts from agrobacterium tumefaciens strain id135 contain three enzymes that have been characterized and partially purified. the first enzyme, a dna topoisomerase, appeared to relax only negatively twisted dna. the second enzyme, atu i, a type ii restriction endonuclease, generated the identical dna digestion pattern as ecorii when several dnas were used. the third enzyme, endonuclease a, showed a preference for superhelical dnas as substrates. when plasmid pck135dna, obtained from the virule ...	1978	212732
effect of sublethal heat injury on tumour induction and rna synthesis in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	when cells of agrobacterium tumefaciens are subjected to sublethal heat injury at 45 degrees c for 20 min, less than 5% of the viable population retain their ability to initiate tumour formation on kalanchöe daigremontiana. if the cells are then incubated in phosphate buffer at 27 degrees c for 2 h, tumour initiation returns to control levels. inhibitors of dna and protein synthesis had little effect on the recovery of tumour initiation after heat injury. rifamycin, a specific inhibitor of rna s ...	1978	756950
transposition of plasmid dna segments specifying hydrocarbon degradation and their expression in various microorganisms.	the conjugative tol plasmid (75 mdal), specifying biodegradation of xylenes, toluene, and trimethylbenzene derivatives, undergoes dissociation in pseudomonas aeruginosa pao to a nonconjugative tol() plasmid (28 mdal) and a transfer plasmid termed toldelta (48 mdal). the tol() plasmid is rendered transmissible through introduction of a number of conjugative plasmids such as factor k, cam, and toldelta but not by the fp2 derivative pr0271. transfer of tol(*) via factor k or toldelta is mediated ...	1978	277912
proteins conferred by the virulence-specifying plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens c-58.	membrane-associated and periplasmic proteins of agrobacterium tumefaciens c-58 were compared with those from avirulent (nontumrigenic) derivative strains by slab and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. two proteins (per-i and per-2), with a molecular weight of 37,500 and 37,300, respectively, were detected in the supernatant fraction of cells of strain c-58 treated with edta and lysozyme in which a 117-megadalton plasmid confers virulence on the organism. the same proteins are missing in an av ...	1978	278990
molecular cloning as a tool to the analysis of the ti plasmids of agrobacterium tumefaciens [proceedings].		1978	289306
cell walls of crown-gall tumors and embryonic plant tissues lack agrobacterium adherence sites.	crown-gall tumor initiation by agrobacterium tumefaciens is inhibited by cell walls from normal dicotyledonous plants but not by cell walls from crown-gall tumors apparently because of bacterial adherence or nonadherence, respectively, to the different cell walls. cell walls from normal and tumor tissues in culture also show this difference, indicating that the two types of tissue stably maintain this difference under these conditions. habituated tissue cultures, which resemble crown-gall tumor ...	1978	17844419
replica-plating virulence assay for agrobacterium tumefaciens.	replica plating onto wounded tobacco leaves provides a convenient method for screening for avirulent mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	1977	330393
the ti-plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens, a natural vector for the introduction of nif genes in plants?		1977	336023
effect of cadmium on fungi and on interactions between fungi and bacteria in soil: influence of clay minerals and ph.	fungi (rhizopus stolonifer, trichoderma viride, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. conglutinans, cunninghamella echinulata, and several species of aspergillus and penicillium) tolerated higher concentrations of cadmium (cd) when grown in soil than when grown on laboratory media, indicating that soil mitigated the toxic effects of cd. in soil amended with clay minerals, montmorillonite provided partial or total protection against fungistatic effects of cd, whereas additions of kaolinite provided little or ...	1977	18085
effect of three nematicides on the growth of some phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi.	the effect of three nematicides, aldicarb, fensulfothion, and phenamiphos at four concentrations (1, 5, 25, and 125 ppm) was tested on the growth of five bacteria, agrobacterium tumefaciens, corynebacterium fascians, erwinia carotovora, pseudomonas solanacearum, and streptomyces scabies and four fungi, fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum, fusarium solani, rhizoctonia solani, and sclerotium bataticola. of the bacteria, p. solanacearum was most affected by the chemicals at all concentrations, wh ...	1977	143857
transfer, maintenance, and expression of bacterial ti-plasmid dna in plant cells transformed with a. tumefaciens.	the mechanism of induction of the plant cancer crown gall by agrobacterium tumefaciens has been briefly described. the salient points are as follows. 1. large plasmids of molecular weight (100 to 150) s 10(6), called ti-plasmids, are essential to the transformation process. 2. ti-plasmids carry a dna segment that can be transferred to, and maintained and expressed in, transformed plant cells. 3. this dna segment has been identified both by direct hybridization experiments between ti dna fragment ...	1977	754869
octopine and nopaline metabolism in agrobacterium tumefaciens and crown gall tumor cells: role of plasmid genes.	crown gall tumors produced octopine or nopaline or neither compound, depending on the bacterial strain that incited the tumor. the genes specifying production of octopine or nopaline by the tumor were transferred to recipient bacterial strains when the large plasmid associated with virulence was transferred by either conjugation or deoxyribonucleic acid-mediated transformation. our results, which confirm the work of others (bomhoff et al., 1976; goldman et al., 1968; petit et al., 1970), indicat ...	1977	830636
plasmids in avirulent strains of agrobacterium.	twelve strains of agrobacterium radiobacter isolated from naturally occurring crown galls or soil were found to be avirulent on sunflower, tomato, kalanchoe, and carrot. eleven strains contained plasmids of molecular weights 77 x 10(6) to 182 x 10(6) as determined by electron microscopy. one strain contained only a smaller plasmid (50 x 10(6) daltons). several strains had both large and small (ca. 11 x 10(6) daltons) plasmids; one strain contained two large plasmids (112 x 10(6) and 136 x 10(6) ...	1977	830650
induction of d-aldohexoside:cytochrome c oxidoreductase in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	d-aldohexopyranoside:cytochrome c oxidoreductase (aco) was strongly induced by cellobiose, alpha-methylglucoside, beta-methylglucoside, kojibiose, and sophorose. induction was rapid, and aco was readily detectable within 10 min after addition of cellobiose as inducer. although not measurable for 30 to 40 min after addition of inducer, once started, the rate of induction with alpha-methylglucoside equaled or even exceeded that obtained with cellobiose. induction by sucrose, maltose, alpha-alpha-t ...	1977	838689
comparison of thirty-seven strains of vd-3 bacteria with agrobacterium radiobacter: morphological and physiological observations.	thirty-seven cultures of vd-3 bacteria, isolated from clinical specimens, were characterized morphologically and physiologically. the cultures produced positive reactions when tested for oxidase, urease, nitrate reduction, phenylalanine deaminase, oxidative metabolism of carbohydrate substrates, and 3-ketolactose production. these peritrichously flagellated microorganisms were isolated primarily from the respiratory tract. when compared to authentic strains of agrobacterium, they appeared to be ...	1977	845244
[effect of inhibitors of transcription on the growth of mycoplasma and agrobacterium tumefaciens 8628].		1977	865316
[avirulent mutants of agrobacterium tumefaciens 8628 resistant to alpha-amanitin].		1977	865330
zeatin ribonucleosides in the transfer ribonucleic acid of rhizobium leguminosarum, agrobacterium tumefaciens, corynebacterium fascians, and erwinia amylovora.	until recently, the presence in transfer ribonucleic acid (trna) of the hydroxylated cytokinin ribosylzeatin [n6-(4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl)adenosine]was thought to be unique to higher plants. this extension of work from several laboratories indicates the presence of 2-methylthioribosylzeatin in the trna of the plant-associated bacteria rhizobium leguminosarum, agrobacterium tumefaciens, and corynebacterium fascians, but not in that of erwinia amylovora. this cytokinin has the cis configurati ...	1977	893341
a restriction endonuclease from agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1977	913578
homology between ti-plasmids of agrobacterium tumefaciens: hybridzation studies using electron microscopy [proceedings].		1977	913837
comparative study of ti-plasmids in agrobacterium tumefaciens by use of restriction enzymes [proceedings].		1977	913838
[a study of six cultures of "agrobacterium tumefaciens" and "a. radiobacter" (author's transl)].		1977	921138
studies on agrobacterium tumefaciens. viii. avirulence induced by temperature and ethidium bromide.	when tumorigenic strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens were subcultured at temperatures between 31.5 and 37 degrees c or in broth containing ethidium bromide, they lost their capacity to induce tumors in tomato plants. the sensitivities of curing virulence (tumorigenicity) depended on the density of the population of cells, fewer cells (100/ml) being more sensitive to curing than higher densities (10(6)/ml). the loss of virulence need not require the total loss of the virulence-specifying plasmid ...	1977	922605
plasmid content and tumor initiation complementation by agrobacterium tumefaciens iibnv6.	avirulent strains iibnv6 and nt1, derived from virulent strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens, were tested for their ability to enhance tumor initiation (complement) on coinoculation with tumorigenic strains. strain nt1, cured of the agrobacterium virulence plasmid, failed to complement when inoculated with its virulent parental strain or with other virulent strains. strain iibnv6, however, complemented with all virulent strains tested. attachment to host wound sites by both strain iibnv6 and the ...	1977	924973
tumor induction by agrobacterium involves attachment of the bacterium to a site on the host plant cell wall.	cell wall preparations from primary bean leaves were found to inhibit tumor initiation by agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 when inoculated with the bacteria on bean leaves. membrane fractions from these same leaves were noninhibitory. the cell walls were effective when applied prior to or with bacteria, but application of cell walls about 15 minutes after bacteria did not affect the number of tumors initiated. much of the inhibitory activity of the plant cell walls was eliminated by pretreatm ...	1977	16659858
sequence arrangement in satellite dna from the muskmelon.	two fractions of a satellite dna from the muskmelon (cucumis melo l.) isolated as a unimodal peak from cscl gradients, differ in melting properties and complexity as estimated by reassociation kinetics. at 49.8 c, all of the low melting fraction was denatured and all of the high melting fraction was native. there were almost no partially denatured molecules detected in the electron microscope at this temperature. this observation provides direct evidence that the two fractions are not closely li ...	1977	16659902
role of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in attachment of agrobacterium to moss.	gametophore induction in moss by agrobacterium tumefaciens was inhibited by addition of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from a. tumefaciens. the lps did not affect bacterial viability or appear to bind to bacterial cells. lps from nonbinding agrobacterium radiobacter was not effective in reducing gametophore formation. a. tumefaciens lps, if added 24 hours after addition of viable bacterial cells, had no effect in reducing gametophore formation. the polysaccharide portion of the lps was identified as t ...	1977	16660180
thermosensitive step associated with transfer of the ti plasmid during conjugation: possible relation to transformation in crown gall.	it is reported here that transfer by means of a conjugative process of an oncogenic plasmid from a virulent strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens to a strain of that organism that had been cured of the plasmid is thermosensitive. since the thermosensitive step found in the conjugative process appears similar in every respect to a thermosensitive step that is involved in the transformation of a normal cell to a tumor cell in the crown gall disease of plants, it is suggested that the observed result ...	1977	16592419
the involvement of the 3':5'-cyclic-amp phosphodiesterase in transformation and growth of crown-gall tumors in bryophyllum daigremontianum.	in crown-gall tumor tissue obtained from leaves of bryophyllum daigremontianum an adenosine 3':5'-cyclic phosphate (3':5'-cyclic-amp) degrading activity increases up to 2.5 fold until the fifth day after inoculation with agrobacterium tumefaciens, declining to the value of the control in the solid tumor. theophylline up to 1 mmol l(-1) given to wounded leaves of bryophyllum daigremontianum has no effect on the number of tumors. the effect of higher concentrations given over extended periods can ...	1977	24420634
differential accumulation of proteinase inhibitor i in normal and crown gall tissue of tobacco, tomato, and potato.	a proteinase inhibitor (inhibitor i) is induced in crown gall tumors of tobacco (nicotiana tabacum) initiated through infection with the tumorinducing bacterium, agrobacterium tumefaciens, strains b6 or cg-14. uninfected tissues do not contain immunologically detectable quantities of inhibitor i. inhibitor i synthesis in tobacco crown gall tumors paralleled tumor growth at the average rate of about 4.5 mug of inhibitor i per 200 mg of fresh tissue per day. infection of variegated tobacco mutant ...	1976	16659453
a method for eliminating the contribution of agrobacterium tumefaciens to studies of nucleic acid biosynthesis in crown gall tumors.	a procedure is described that permits the use of radiotracer methods for examining crown gall tumors in the presence of the initiating agent agrobacterium tumefaciens. on the basis of sensitivity testing using the disc diffusion technique and the minimum inhibitory concentration procedure and incorporation of radioactive phosphorus into nucleic acids, it was determined that a. tumefaciens was most sensitive to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and methacycline. it was further demonstrated that nucl ...	1976	16659494
attempts to detect agrobacterium tumefaciens dna in crown-gall tumor tissue.	primary and secondary crown gall tissue cultures were established from sunflower plants (helianthus annuus, variety mammoth russian) wound-inoculated with agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend) conn strain b(6). growth rates of tumor tissues and habituated healthy sunflower stem section tissues on basal medium lacking auxin and cytokinin were compared to those of healthy sunflower stem section tissue grown on the same medium with added phytohormones. no difference was detected in the the ...	1976	16659607
developmental effects of zeatin, ribosyl-zeatin, and agrobacterium tumefaciens b(6) on certain mosses.	eight species of mosses studied were divided into two groups on the basis of their developmental responses to ribosyl-trans-zeatin and agro-bacterium tumefaciens b(6). all eight produced either gametophores or callus on the protonema in response to 6-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallylamino) purine and trans-zeatin. three which produced normal gametophores with a. tumefaciens yielded callus or abnormal gametophores with ribosyl-trans-zeatin. ribosyl-trans-zeatin and a. tumefaciens were relatively ineffec ...	1976	16659608
octopine and nopaline synthesis and breakdown genetically controlled by a plasmid of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	several nopaline degrading strains and one octopine degrading strain are shown to loose oncogenicity as well as the ability to utilize these guanidine compounds when they are cured of their ti plasmid. to investigate whether the specific genes involved in the utilization of one or the other compound are located on the plasmid, plasmid-transfer experiments have been performed. the plasmid from a nopaline degrading strain has been transferred to a naturally non oncogenic agrobacterium namely a. ra ...	1976	934053
occurrence of trans-ribosylzeatin in agrobacterium tumefaciens trna.		1976	934334
the presence of agrobacterium tumefaciens plasmid dna in crown gall tumour cells.		1976	956781
rp4 promotion of transfer of a large agrobacterium plasmid which confers virulence.	introduction of rp4 plasmid into agrobacterium tumefaciens promotes the transfer on solid medium of large virulence-associated plasmids from virulent donor strains to a plasmidless avirulent recipient. exconjugants were selected for the ability to utilize octopine or nopaline as the sole source of arginine, traits which are coded for by virulence-associated plasmids in the strains employed here. all exconjugants retained the arginine auxotrophy of the recipient strain, and were resistant to ampi ...	1976	971805
physical characteristics of dna from bacteriophages of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	dna was extracted from isolates of bacteriophages grown on virulent and avirulent strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens. molecular weights of dna from phages isolated from the virulent a. tumefaciens (iibv7) were about 41.5 x 10(6) daltons, while those from the avirulent a. tumefaciens (iibnv6) were about 32.5 x 10(6) daltons. the buoyant densities of the four dna's ranged from 1.7086 to 1.7089 g/cm3, values that were not significantly different. dna-dna hybridization studies also indicated that ...	1976	974908
isoenzymes of acid phosphatase and non-specific esterases in cultures of neoplastic and normal tobacco tissues.	axenic cultures of normal, habituated and crown gall teratoma were grown under varying conditions to examine the effects of environment on the expression of neoplastic character. acid phosphatase patterns on polyacrylamide gels did not vary greatly among tissues although there were differences in acid phosphatase activity between various strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens, the bacteria which cause crown gall. certain esterase isoenzymes were found only in tissues grown on specific media, while ...	1976	976652
properties of the cured oncogenic strain 37400 of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the properties of the 37400 oncogenic strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens are described. this strain was derived from the vi lysogenic strain originally isolated by hamilton from a zinnia elegans tumour. strain 37400 has a number of properties which render it suitable for quantitative and genetic studies. it is cured of prophages and can serve as a universal sensitive indicator for a number of phages isolated from various lysogenic strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens. its good growth properties ...	1976	976880
isolation and complementation analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants of the ps8 bacteriophage of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1976	976881
isolation and characterization of agrobacterium tumefaciens mutants affected in the utilization of octopine, octopinic acid and lysopine.	using an enrichment procedure, mutant strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens were isolated that lacked the ability to utilize octopine as a nitrogen source. of 55 such isolates, 44 were unable to utilize several amino acids; the remaining 11 strains were altered solely in their ability to utilize octopine, octopinic acid and lysopine. it is concluded that only the latter were plasmid mutations. among them, there was a high, but no absolute, correlation with avirulence. all strains contained the t1 ...	1976	978177
[animal and plant cancers produced by viruses and bacteria].	in this review the animal and plant cancers produced by viruses : (onkeorna, adeno, herpes, papova, pox, reovirus, fig 1-6), bacteria : (agrobacterium tumefaciens, fig. 7), fungi : (plasmodiophora brassicae, and nematode : (meloidgyne) are discussed.	1976	979708
[relationship between crown-gall plant tumors and the cell cycle].	it is established that under conditions of the culture in vitro the greatest amount of crown-gall swellings on topinambur and carrot explants is formed with agrobacterium tumefaciens inoculation 4 and 6 hrs after the tissue extraction and planting, which corresponds to the g1-phase of the 1st cellular cycle. in the inoculated tissue cells entrance to the s-phase is accelerated and the maximal number of labelled nuclei is found 10 hrs earlier.	1976	982581
chemical nature of agrocin 84 and its effect on a virulent strain of agrobacterium tumefaciens.	agrocin 84, produced by agrobacterium radiobacter k84, inhibited ribonucleic acid, deoxyribonucleic acid, and protein synthesis and amino acid transport in a susceptible, virulent strain of a. tumefaciens h-38-9. cell motility was immediately stopped by action of the agrocin, 50% of the cells were killed within 15 min of contact, and the remainder were inhibited. agrocin 84 is trypsin and pepsin resistant, but chemical analysis indicated a small peptide with a molecular weight of 2,500 containin ...	1976	984792
[the presence of agrobacterium tumefaciens in lucerne root nodules].	agrobacterium tumefaciens does not penetrate into nodules on the roots of lucerne with the active strain of nodule bacterium as was established with the aid of genetic markers and plant selection. a nodule, whose shape was not typical and which did not fix nitrogen, was formed on the root of lucerne inoculated with the culture of agrobacterium tumefaciens treated with uv. a bacterial strain isolated from the nodule was identical to a. tumefaciens according to its resistance to streptomycin and s ...	1976	1004260
trans-zeatin in culture filtrates of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1976	1027440
studies on the bacteriophage ps8 of agrobacterium tumefaciens (smith and townsend) conn: physico-chemical properties of its dna.	dna from the bacteriophage ps8 was extracted and purified. the buoyant density was determined was 1.716 cm3/g. the guanine-cytosine content was calculated to be 57%. dna molecules which looked like circles were found among linear strands in an electron-microscopic study. with an endonuclease from streptomyces albus g the dna was digested to 19 fragments, with molecular weights ranging from 600 to 7,400 daltons. the molecular weight of the dna was determined to be 38.8 x 10(6) daltons +/- 8.7%.	1976	1031838
l-sorbose metabolism in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	the pathway of l-sorbose metabolism in agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6 was determined to be: l-sorbose leads to d-glucitol (sorbitol) leads to d-fructose leads to d-fructose-6-phosphate leads to d-glucose-6-phosphate. the reduction of l-sorbose and the oxidation of d-glucitol were mediated by nadph- and nad+-linked oxidoreductases, respectively. the intermediates, d-glucitol and d-fructose, were isolated from in vitro reaction mixtures by column chromatography on dowex 1-borate, and identifi ...	1976	1085123
[a rna extract from oncogenic and non oncogenic strains of agrobacterium tumefaciens is an indispensable element for the induction of tumors in datura stramomium].	an rna bound to the reverse transcriptase of agrobacterium tumefaciens has been isolated and shown to be oncogenic for stem tissues of datura stramonium grown under axenic conditions. the tumorous nature of the cellular change induced by the infectious rna was demonstrated by serial grafts of tumors on datura stems and by cultivation of tumorous tissue in vitro on a medium without supplemental auxins and cytokinins. active cellular proliferation within tissues of datura stems was a prerequisite ...	1976	58705
soluble proteins and hydrolases during crown-gall induction in the tomato, lycopersicon esculentum.	soluble proteins isolated from tissues of the tomato lycopersicon esculentum, after inoculation with agrobacterium tumefaciens to induce tumours, have been examined by gel electrophoresis and cytochemically. changes that occur include the suppression of host enzymes, the appearance of bacterial enzymes in the host tissues and the appearance of new enzyme bands in the affected cells. these changes are detectable within 6 hr of infection and prior to evident morphological changes, and may be expl ...	1976	178634
conjugation in agrobacterium tumefaciens in the absence of plant tissue.	a general, reliable conjugation system for agrobacterium tumefaciens in the absence of plant tissue is described in which a. tumefaciens can serve either as the donor or recipient of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid with reasonable efficiency. plasmid rp4 was transferred from escherichia coli to a. tumefaciens and from strain of a. tumefaciens. both rp4 and the a. tumefaciens virulence-associated plasmids were detected by alkaline sucrose gradients in a. tumefaciens strains a6 and c58 after mating ...	1976	783141
particular small size rna and rna fragments from different origins as tumor inducing agents in datura stramonium.	particular rna fragments obtained by action of pancreatic ribonuclease on purified rnas originating from species totally unrelated to agrobacterium tumefaciens (escherichia coli, rabbit, monkey) are capable of inducing the formation of transplantable tumorous tissue when introduced at wounded sites in inverted stems of datura stramonium maintained under axenic conditions on a medium containing auxin and kinetin. reovirus rna and a small size rna (5-6s) isolated from rna bound rna directed dna po ...	1976	822281
on the isolation of ti-plasmid from agrobacterium tumefaciens.	an efficient lysis method for agrobacterium cells was developed, which allows a reproducible isolation of the tumor inducing (ti)-plasmid. the lysis method is based on the sensitivity of this bacterium to incubation with lysozyme, n-dodecylamine,edta, followed by sarkosyl, after growth in the presence of carbenicillin. we also present a procedure for the isolation of the ti-plasmid on a large scale, that might be used for the mass isolation of other large plasmids which like the ti-plasmid, can ...	1976	1257056
octopine as a marker for the induction of tumorous growth by agrobacterium tumefaciens strain b6.		1976	1267817
role of agrobacterium cell envelope lipopolysaccharide in infection site attachment.	lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from agrobacterium tumefaciens inhibited tumor induction by virulent bacteria. lps from site-binding strains was not effective if added to the plant wound shortly after the bacteria, and lps from avirulent, non-site-binding strains of agrobacterium was not inhibitory regardless of the order of addition. however, lps and whole cells of avirulent strains nt1 and iibnv6, which lack of agrobacterim virulence plasmid, were inhibitory. chromosomal deoxyribonucleic aci ...	1976	1278998
a ferrodoxin from agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	179857
fine structure and distribution of extracellular polymer surrounding selected aerobic bacteria.	the structure and distribution of extracellular polymer surrounding bacillus circulans, diplococcus (streptococcus) pneumoniae, streptococcus salivarius, staphylococcus aureus, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, herella vaginacola (acinetobacter calcoaceticus), and agrobacterium tumefaciens were studied by electron microscopy. a modified ruthenium red staining procedure was used to examine the fine structure of capsule and slime. freeze-etching and critical-point drying were used to ...	1975	46774
proceedings: studies on large dna plasmids of agrobacterium tumefaciens.		1975	54090
particulate cytochrome c in agrobacterium tumefaciens.	in agrobacterium tumefaciens the main part of c-type cytochromes is tightly bound to the bacterial cell envelope structures. several techniques were attempted to solubilize these cytochromes. the highest yield of cytochromes released is obtained by treatment of particle suspensions with 5% triton x-100. further purification confirms that the proteins are not really solubilized, but still aggregated in small heterogeneous complexes. chromatography on a cm-cellulose column demonstrates that at lea ...	1975	58606
purification of the agrobacterium radiobacter 84 agrocin.		1975	58630