Publications

rotavirus gastroenteritis.		1977	199315
virions associated with acute gastroenteritis in vancouver, 1976.	virions were identified by electron microscopic observation of unconcentrated extracts of feces obtained from 55 (33%) of 167 children aged 3 weeks to 5 years who were hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis at children's hospital, vancouver between january and december 1976. morphologic types included 30 rotavirus, 15 adenovirus, 5 astrovirus and 5 picornavirus-like particles.	1977	199339
review of enterovirus studies in east africa.		1977	199414
filter paper solid-phase radioimmunoassay for human rotavirus surface immunoglobulins.	a filter paper solid-phase radioimmunoassay has been developed. filter paper disks adsorbed a large amount of rotavirus and serum globulin and gave small mean variation of coating and low background binding. the rotavirus isolated from stools from infants with acute enteritis 1, 3, and 4 days after onset of symptoms was shown to be already covered with immunoglobulin g (igg), iga, and igm antibodies by this radioimmunoassay, by immunoelectrophoresis, and by immune electron microscopy. the immuno ...	1977	199613
human rotavirus enteritis induced in conventional piglets. intestinal structure and transport.	to better understand the pathogenesis of infantile viral gastroenteritis, we studied na+ and cl- fluxes in vitro in short-circuited jejunal epithelium from 8-10-day-old piglets after infection with a standard dose of human rotavirus given via nasogastric tube. 11 infected piglets, all of whom became ill, were compared with 9 uninfected, healthy litter-mates. when killed 72 h after infection, intestinal villi were shorter and crypts deeper (p less than 0.025) in duodenum, upper jejunum, and mid-s ...	1977	199622
separation and infectivity of two particle types of human rotavirus.	two morphological types of human rotavirus particles were separated in caesium chloride density gradients. the particles of higher density ('incomplete' particles without an outer capsid layer) banded at a density of 1-38 g/ml, while the less dense ('complete' particles with an outer as well as an inner capsid layer) banded at a density of 1-36 g/ml. some particles were found with an incomplete outer layer of capsomeres. the particle/infectivity ratio for tissue cultures of the fraction containi ...	1977	199702
antiviral activity of ribavirin in rotavirus gastroenteritis of mice.	ribavirin was inactive against the rotavirus of murine gastroenteritis; this may be due to the presence of guanosine inhibitors in the gut.	1977	200170
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of rotavirus infections in calves.	an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of rotavirus infection in calves is described. the assay was more efficient for the detection of rotavirus antigens in calf feces than were electron microscopy and immunoelectroosmorphoresis.	1977	200635
distribution and titres of rotavirus antibodies in different age groups.	three hundred and fifty-seven sera selected at random from hospital patients of all ages were examined for rotavirus antibodies using indirect immunofluorescence (fa) and complement fixation levels (cft). three hundred and fourteen of these were also tested for neutralizing antibodies to human rotavirus. sera from patients admitted with a diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis were excluded from this survey. fa antibodies were found in newborn infants but fell to undetectable titres at 3 months. the ...	1977	200676
observations on the morphology of two rotaviruses.	the negative staining technique was used to study the morphology of two rotaviruses, the epizootic diarrizootic diarrhoea of infant mice (edim) and the simian virus sa ii. it is proposed that the inner capsid of the virion has icosahedral symmetry and consists of 180 morphological units arranged in an open lattice formation with the 12 spaces at the apices being surrounded by 5 capsomeres and the other 80 spaces each surrounded by six capsomeres. the outer capsid of the virion consists of a hone ...	1977	200716
cell culture propagation of porcine rotavirus (reovirus-like agent).	two isolates of porcine rotavirus (reovirus-like agent) were isolated and passaged in primary procine kidney cell cultures. viral infectivity for cells was monitored by immunofluorescence because viral cytopathic effect was moderate. successful passage of virus in cell culture required that viral suspensions obtained from infected cell cultures be treated with pancreatin prior to inoculation onto cell monolayers. porcine rotavirus passage in cell culture also was accomplished, using trypsin trea ...	1977	201198
rotavirus neutralisation by human milk.		1977	201336
an antigenic subunit present in rotavirus infected faeces.	it has been found by immune electron microscopy that rotavirus-infected faeces, calf or human, contain an antigenic subunit associated with the inner of the two virus capsids. this internal component represents the group specific antigen for the rotavirus group and the subunit reacts with both homologous and heterologous antiserum. it can therefore be used in diagnostic tests and in this paper its use as a reagent for immunodiffusion is described.	1977	65444
antigenic relationship between human and simian rotaviruses.	the simian rotavirus, sa 11, and the murine rotavirus, edim, were investigated for antigenic relatedness to the human rotavirus, by immunoelectron-microscopy. these studies led to the recognition of two types of rotavirus antibody. one agglutinated "rough" virus particles only and was group-reactive; it appears to be widely distributed in various animal species, including human infants. the second antibody agglutinated "smooth" virus particles and was more species-specific, demonstrating only a ...	1977	65473
identification of rotaviruses.		1977	65702
rotavirus antibodies in crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.		1977	68365
serological relationships between rotaviruses from different species as studied by complement fixation and neutralization.	human, piglet, mouse, foal, lamb, calf and rabbit rotaviruses all infected, but could not readily be subcultured in llc mk2 cells. cells infected with mouse and calf rotaviruses reacted by indirect immunofluorescence (fa) with convalescent serum from children, piglets, mice, foals, lambs, calves or rabbits, taken after rotavirus infection. human, calf, piglet, mouse and foal rotaviruses reacted with human, calf, mouse, foal and lamb convalescent serum by complement fixation (cf). it was not poss ...	1977	68765
detection of infantile gastroenteritis virus (rotavirus) by elisa.		1977	69078
cell culture studies with a cytopathic bovine rotavirus.	the growth characteristics in mdbk cells of a calf rotavirus isolated in northern ireland are described. of a range of cell cultures tested, the virus grew in secondary bovine kidney and mdbk cells, but consistently produced a cpe only in mdbk cells. the cpe consisted of cytoplasmic vacuolation, development of eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions, and degeneration and detachment of cells from the monolayer. the onset of cpe was more rapid and its effects more severe in rolled cultures than s ...	1977	70198
elisa for rotavirus.		1977	71624
rotavirus infections of neonates.	faecal specimens from 628 newborn babies in the nurseries of six metropolitan hospitals were examined by electron microscopy for rotaviruses. 304 babies (49%) were found to be excreting virus. all those infected were in five nurseries; viruses were not detected in specimens from the sixth nursery. two nurseries were studied for 9 mo and another for 11 mo and rotaviruses were found consistently in 40-50% of stools examined. there was no seasonal variation. none of the neonates under the age of on ...	1977	73060
diarrhoea in pigs induced by rotavirus.	electron microscope examination of the faeces of scouring pigs revealed virus particles which were morphologically indistinguishable from rotavirus (reo-like), a virus associated with diarrhoea in neonatal pigs (lecce, king & mock, 1976). this is the first record of the virus in the republic of south africa.	1977	206862
reovirus-like agent in acute epidemic gastroenteritis in japanese infants: fecal shedding and serologic response.	the reovirus-like agent, sometimes referred to as duovirus or rotavirus, was visualized by electron microscopy in stool extracts from japanese infants and young children with acute epidemic gastroenteritis. the virus particles measured 70 nm in diameter and had double-shelled capsids. one hundred ten (89%) of 124 patients with the gastroenteritis had such virus particles in stools obtained during the acute phase. the virus particles were excreted in the stools usually during the first eight days ...	1977	402427
diagnosis of rotavirus infection by cell culture.	rotaviruses were detected by electronmicroscopy in 35 of 84 specimens of faeces from infants with diarrhoea, and in 31 by fluorescent staining of tissue cultures infected with help of centrifugation. llc-mk2 cells were found to be the most sensitive, although primary and secondary human-embryo-kidney and primary calf-kidney cells could also be used. a micromodification of the tissue-culture method provides a relatively simple technique for the diagnosis of rotavirus infection, for the titration ...	1977	402472
complement-fixing antibody response to rotavirus infection.	a human rotavirus complement-fixing (cf) antigen, prepared by purification of large volumes of fluid feces collected from children with winter diarrhea, was used to study the development and persistence of antibody in children with diarrhea and the prevalence of rotavirus antibody in melbourne. in children with diarrhea, antibody rises were detectable within 4 to 6 weeks of the onset of illness, and the titers usually remained elevated for the next 1 to 2 years. cf antibody did not develop in tw ...	1977	403196
stool viruses in babies in glasgow. i. hospital admissions with diarrhoea.	stools from 183 babies under 2 years of age admitted to ruchill hospital with diarrhoea were examined by electron microscopy, virus culture, bacterial culture and light microscopy. as far as possible, several stools were examined from each patient and the results showed rotaviruses, astroviruses and other viruses in association with symptoms, as well as the expected bacterial pathogens. examination of several stools from the same patient also showed that in this age group the viral flora of the ...	1977	403233
rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infections: comparison of electron microscopy and immunoelectroosmophoresis for the detection of rotavirus in human infantile gastroenteritis.	eighty-seven faecal samples from infants and children suffering from acute gastroenteritis were investigated for the presence of rotavirus by immunoelectroosmophoresis (ieop) and electron microscopy (em). sixty-one % of the samples contained rotavirus antigens when examined by ieop whereas only 50% were diagnosed as positive em. however, where it was possible to perform em within the same day that the sample was received it took 24 h to establish the diagnosis by ieop. the high sensitivity of th ...	1977	406356
aetiology of acute gastroenteritis in infancy and early childhood in southern india.	the aetiology of acute gastroenteritis was studied in 50 infants and young children. bacterial pathogens were isolated in 33, enteropathogenic e. coli (epec), salmonella, and shigella being the commonest isolates. rotaviruses were detected in the stools of 13 of the cases. all children with gastroenteritis in whom rotavirus was detected were seen during the months july to december. in 30 children who served as controls, epec were isolated in 6, but rotavirus was detected in none. it is concluded ...	1977	406857
demonstration of size variation of rna segments between different isolates of calf rotavirus.	polyacrylamide gel electrophosesis of rna extracted from wild rotavirus isolates and cell culture adapted virus revealed a significant variation in the molecular weight of individual rna segments. the major differences were observed between wild isolates on the one hand and the adapted strain on the other hand. the slight variations that were observed between different wild isolates were found regularly and appeared to be related to the origin of the samples.	1977	407327
[rotavirus and gastroenteritis in the newborn infant. initial observations].	a simplified method for the diagnosis of rotavirus by electron microscopy is presented. the incidence of these viruses is observed in new-born infants and the relationship with acute gastroenteritis is recalled.	1977	408044
rotaviruses in venezuelan children with gastroenteritis.	rotaviruses were identified by electron microscopy in 19 of 26 (73%) venezuelan children with gastroenteritis. noncultivable adenoviruses and small (29-30 nm), spherical viruses were also observed in a few cases. bacterial pathogens were isolated from five children (19%), all of whom were also carrying rotaviruses.	1977	842776
biochemical studies on a reovirus-like agent (rotovirus) from lambs.	ten polypeptides were detected in double-capsid lamb rotavirus; four of these appeared to be associated with the outer capsid. lamb rotavirus rna, which consisted of 11 or 12 segments, differed from pig rotavirus rna in the electrophoretic mibility of one of the genome segments.	1977	850308
rotavirus infections in calves. ii. experimental infections with a dutch isolate.	rotaviruses were observed electron microscopically in clarified faecal samples from calves with diarrhoea. several herds with a history of scouring among neonatal calves were shown to be infected with rotaviruses. a bacteria-free faecal filtrate from a rotavirus positive sample administered orally induced diarrhoea in one out of two colostrum-deprived calves. both calves excreted rotaviruses in their faeces and serum antibody responses were demonstrated by complement-fixation and indirect immuno ...	1977	857337
propagation of the rotavirus of neonatal calf diarrhea in fetal intestinal cell cultures.	bovine fetal intestinal cells were successfully propagated in monolayer cultures for up to 21 passages. infection of these cells with the rotavirus of neonatal calf diarrhea resulted in a cytopathic effect that was more obvious than in infected bovine fetal kidney cells.	1977	861843
solid-phase radioimmunoassay for the detection of rotavirus.	a solid-phase radioimmunoassay method has been developed for the detection of rotavirus in the form of a purified antigen and in stool. the parameters of the radioimmunoassay were examined and optimized to give high sensitivity and same-day results. compared with electron microscopy, the assay is up to 10 times as sensitive for detection of the virus in stool and up to 128 times as sensitive for detection of a purified virus antigen. in a field study on stool specimens it was at least as effici ...	1977	863510
a survey of rotaviruses in sheep in scotland.		1977	867760
clinical, laboratory, and epidemiologic features of a viral gastroenteritis in infants and children.	we studied 27 infants admitted to the hospital with acute diarrhea caused by human rotavirus (hrv) and obtained additional data on fecal excretion from ten outpatients with the same infection. the disease was characterized by watery diarrhea with fever and vomiting at the onset, isotonic dehydration, compensated metabolic acidosis, and increased concentrations of sodium and chloride but low concentrations of sugar in stools. diarrhea usually ceased in three to four days when oral feedings were r ...	1977	887336
[seroepidemiological investigations on the epidemiology of human rotavirus infections (author's transl)].	263 sera of infants and children up to 10 years of age were tested for antibodies (cf-test) against nebraska calf diarrhoea virus (ncdv) which is antigenically related to the rotavirus of man; in addition the mean antibody titers in different age groups were investigated. antibodies of maternal origin were eliminated during the first year of life. most of the infections occurred during the second year of life and at the end of this year 40-50% of the investigated children demonstrated antibodies ...	1977	899370
[infectious agents in diarrhea of hospitalized children in costa rica].	shigella, toxigenic escherichia coli (stable toxin) and rotaviruses were frequently found among 50 children hospitalized with diarrhea studied during one year. these agents were less common among 45 controls without diarrhea, of comparable age and from the same wards as the cases reported. there was a greater frequency of respiratory symptoms in the diarrhea associated with rotaviruses. these were characterized by frequent bowel movements and vomiting and often fever. the bacterial diarrheas sho ...	1977	911458
letter: rotavirus as a cause of gastro-enteritis in black south african infants.		1976	959923
morphological and antigenic relationships between viruses (rotaviruses) from acute gastroenteritis of children, calves, piglets, mice, and foals.	the reovirus-like particles present in the feces of young pigs and foals with acute enteritis and the virus causing epizootic diarrhea of infant mice were found to be indistinguishable morphologically from each other, from the south african sa. 11 and "o" viruses, and from the rotaviruses of children and calves. the inner capsid layer of each of these viruses reacted seriologically with sera of children, calves, mice, piglets, and foals convalescent from infection with their respective rotavirus ...	1976	965097
isolation of a rotavirus from deer.		1976	997186
rotavirus infection in lambs: studies on passive protection.	gnotobiotic lambs were protected against rotavirus infection by the presence in the gut at the time of infection of colostrum or serum containing antibodies to rotavirus. this protection was observed even when passively-acquired antibody was not present in the serum of the infected lamb. infection under these conditions may have conferred immunity to subsequent challenge.	1976	999520
winter diarrhoea and rotaviruses in rhodesia.	in the winter fewer bacterial pathogens are isolated from patients with gastro-enteritis than in the summer. the incidence of rotavirus infection is, however, at its greatest during the winter months and the virus is rarely found in cases of gastro-enteritis which occur during the warm season. the clinical pattern in winter diarrhoea is characteristically severe and acute but there has been no mortality or cross-infection.	1976	1006454
[rotavirus infection in calves (author's transl)].	several laboratory workers have demonstrated a viral agent, suspected of playing an important role in the aetiology of calf diarrhoea during the first weeks of life. based on its morphology this agent was designated a reo-like virus. later the name rotavirus was introduced. rotaviruses were proved experimentally to induce diarrhoea in calves. usually the course of the disease after similar experimental infection is mild, but could become worse with secondary bacterial infections. the available i ...	1976	1013979
[in vitro culture of a rotavirus associated with neonatal calf diarrhea].	about fifty diarrheic fecal samples in which the calf rotavirus was present in variable quantities were passed in tissue cultures and the ability of the virus to replicate was analysed under different experimental conditions by means of an indirect immunoflourescent test. several cell species were shown to be susceptible to the virus but the best results were obtained in primary or secondary cultures of embryonic calf kidney cells in presence of maintainance medium containing 2 to 4 p. 100 foeta ...	1976	1028381
reovirus-like agent (rotavirus) from lambs.	rotavirus particles were demonstrated by electron microscopy in the feces of lambs with diarrhea. rotavirus antigen was synthesized in cell cultures infected with filtrates of the diarrheic feces, but the virus was not adapted to grow serially in cell cultures. an antigenic relationship between rotaviruses from lambs, pigs, and calves was demonstrated by immunofluorescence. colostrum-deprived lambs were infected with the lamb rotavirus, and the virus was passaged in lambs. viral replication occu ...	1976	793991
characteristics of the genome of human infantile enteritis virus (rotavirus).	thermal denaturation studies and polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis have shown that the genome of human infantile enteritis virus (human rotavirus) consists of approximately 11 double-stranded segments. differences in the molecular weights of some of the corresponding genome segments are apparent between different isolates of the virus.	1976	820876
[rotavirus as a cause of acute gastroenteritis].		1976	824559
the morphogenesis of a cytopathic bovine rotavirus in madin-darby bovine kidney cells.	the morphogenesis of a cytopathic bovine rotavirus isolate was examined in mdbk cells. distension of cisternae of the rough endoplasmic reticulum was seen 14 h post-infection (p.i.), but few virus particles were present. many virus particles were observed within distended cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum 22 h p.i., and matrices of viroplasm were found close to developing virus particles. the virus particles measured 68 to 72 nm in diam. and consisted of an electron-dense nucleoid surrounde ...	1976	826605
a rotavirus in lambs with diarrhoea.	a reovirus-like agent was identified from an outbreak of enteritis in young lambs. from its morphology and immunological relationship with calf rotavirus, it was concluded that it was a rotavirus which infects lambs.	1976	1257621
rotaviruses and acute gastroenteritis of infants and children.	by means of electron microscopy and ultracentrifugation techniques rotavirus-like particles have been found in 84 of 269 specimens of faeces collected from infants and young children admitted to the royal alexandra hospital for children, camperdown, n.s.w. during the usual winter outbreak of infantile gastroenteritis. morphologically intact viruses were also found in faecal specimens stored at -20 degrees c for up to nine years. rotaviruses were found in specimens collected from five newborn inf ...	1976	1263949
rotavirus associated with acute gastroenteritis in adults.		1976	73889
letter: child-mother transmission of rotavirus.		1976	54622
letter: rotavirus growth in bovine monolayers.		1976	56573
is lactase the receptor and uncoating enzyme for infantile enteritis (rota) viruses?	rotaviruses are now regarded as important causes of diarrhoea in man, cattle, pigs, mice, and possibly other animals. characteristically, disease occurs in newborn and young animals, and infection seems limited to the differentiated gut epithelial cells. the major surface polypeptide of the calf scours rotavirus is glycosylated, and highly purified beta-galactosidase (lactase) interacts with the virus in vitro causing removal of the outer shell of the capsid (uncoating). it is suggested that lac ...	1976	59021
haemagglutinin from rotavirus.		1976	62238
an epidemic of diarrhoea in human neonates involving a reovirus-like agent and 'enteropathogenic' serotypes of escherichia coli.	during december 1974, an epidemic of diarrhoea occurred in the royal children's hospital, melbourne, in a ward caring for neonates with acute or chronic medical and surgical problems. electron microscopy of diarrhoeal faeces revealed a reovirus-like particle ('duovirus' or 'rotavirus') known to cause acute enteritis in older children. this virus is considered to have been primarily involved in the aetiology of the epidemic. in addition, three 'enteropathogenic' serotypes of escherichia coli were ...	1976	175099
a reovirus-like agent (rotavirus) in gastroenteritis of children. virus detection and serological studies.	a reovirus-like agent (rotavirus) was detected in 26 children (44%) when fecal specimens from 59 children with acute gastroenteritis were examined by electron microscopy. no rotavirus was detected in the feces of 49 children with other diseases. sera from the acute and the convalescent phase from 40 children with acute gastroenteritis and from 18 other patients were examined for antibodies against a bovine rotavirus by an indirect fluorescent antibody test. 26 of the patients with gastroenteriti ...	1976	178049
characterization of two particle types of calf rotavirus.	two distinct types of rotavirus particle were isolated in caesium chloride density gradients. the higher density particle banded at 1-38 g/ml and measured 55 +/- 0-4 nm in diameter while the less dense particle banded at 1-36 g/ml, measured 66 +/- 0-4 nm in diameter and appeared to possess an extra outer capsid layer. some forms intermediate between the two types were seen. since the two particles had a similar but not identical morphology and polypeptide composition, they were considered to be ...	1976	180243
the isolation of reovirus-like agents (rota-viruses) from acute gastroenteritis of piglets.	isolations of reovirus-like agents (rotaviruses) were made from nine of 23 outbreaks of piglet diarrhoea on different farms and from both weaned and unweaned piglets. the viruses were shown to be morphologically and anti-genically similar to the rotaviruses of children and calves. gnotobiotig piglets given intranasal inoculations of five different isolates developed acute gastroenteritis, and the virus was re-isolated from the faeces or intestinal contents. the piglet virus was not adapted to re ...	1976	180294
[responsibility of the rotavirus in infantile diarrheas].		1976	180494
gnotobiotic piglets experimentally infected with neonatal calf diarrhoea reovirus-like agent (rotavirus).	gnotobiotic piglets were infected with a strain of rotavirus that had been isolated from a calf and passaged four times in piglets. the resulting disease was studied by light and electron microscopy at 21, 44 and 68 h after inoculation. in the small intestine infection caused desquamation of the epithelial cells of the villi resulting in severe stunting. there was severe damage to microvilli and accumulation of lipid within the cytoplasm. virus particles were seen in epithelial cells covering th ...	1976	180653
comparison of methods for diagnosis of rotavirus infection of calves.		1976	180654
isolation of a cytopathic calf rotavirus.	the isolation and serial passage in secondary and continuous cultures of calf kidney cells of a cytopathic calf rotavirus is described.	1976	181805
characterization of pig rotavirus rna.	pig rotavirus was purified from faeces. the rna from this virus was resistant to pancreatic ribonuclease, indicating that it is double-stranded. when electrophoresed on polyacrylamide-agarose gels, pig rotavirus rna migrated as 9 bands comprised of 11 or 12 rna segments with a total mol. wt. of approx. 11 x 10(6). co-electrophoresis experiments revealed that the rnas from the pig virus and two isolates of the calf rotavirus were indistinguishable.	1976	185325
studies on rotavirus infection and diarrhoea in young calves.	the occurrence of diarrhoea in calves was monitored during the first three weeks of life. calves fed amounts of colostrum sufficient to produce serum ig levels in excess of 30 mg per ml did not develop diarrhoea, whereas calves fed less colostrum did. rotaviruses and mycoplasma-like particles were observed in the faeces of calves with and without diarrhoea. the epidemiology of rotavirus infection in calves is discussed.	1976	185778
rotavirus in calves...		1976	185781
rotavirus and rabbits.		1976	185782
reovirus-like agent (rotavirus) associated with neonatal calf gastroenteritis in france.	a reo-like virus (calf rotavirus) was shown to be associated with cases of neonatal calf diarrhea in france. the virus could be detected in more than 50 p. 100 of diarrheic fecal samples, while it was practically absent in control samples originating from healthy calves that had never had diarrhea. the results obtained by electron microscopy and immunofluorescent studies indicate that the virus is closely related or identical to the agent isolated originally in the united states.	1976	185934
implications of recent virological researches.	rotaviruses (duoviruses) can be found in more than half the cases of acute diarrhoea in children up to the age of six or seven. about that age almost everyone has antibodies to them. second infections occur and may not be as rare as laboratory findings so far suggest. very young infants sometimes get subclinical disease-the effect of maternal antibody transmitted across the placenta? very similar viruses, all possessing a common antigen detectable by immunofluorescence, are known to infect and/o ...	1976	186237
pathogenic rotaviruses isolated from pigs and calves.	rotavirus is commonly isolated from diarrhoeic calves and pigs. bacterium-free faecal filtrates containing rotavirus from five different outbreaks of disease in calves all caused diarrhoea and clinical illness in gnotobiotic calves and five different isolates from pigs were inoculated into gnotobiotic pigs with similar results. the author was unsuccessful in finding an avirulent strain although one of the calf isolates was from a non-diarrhoeic calf. the laboratory strain of calf virus retained ...	1976	186238
recent advances in the aetiology of viral gastroenteritis.	studies with the human reovirus-like (hrvl) agnet, also designated rotavirus and duovirus, have revealed that it is a major aetiological agent of diarrhoea of infants and young children in many parts of the world. in a study of patients admitted with a diarrhoeal illness to the children's hospital of the district of columbia in the united states from january 1974 to june 1975, it was found that half of the patients studied by both virus shedding (by electron microscopy) and serological (compleme ...	1976	186239
experimental rotavirus infection in lambs.		1976	186496
rotavirus infections.		1976	186931
[rotaviruses as pathogen organism of acute gastroenteritis in adults].		1976	187550
virus-specific igm antibodies in acute gastroenteritis due to a reovirus-like agent (rotavirus).	62 serum samples from 24 patients with rotavirus gastroenteritis were tested for igm antibodies against a bovine rotavirus by an indirect fluorescent antibody technique. igm antibodies were detected in one or more of the serum samples from all but one of the patients. igm antibodies were not detected in samples obtained from 11 of the patients after the 5th week of illness. absorption of sera for igg with staphylococcus aureus increased the sensitivity of the igm antibody test. it is concluded t ...	1976	188117
the clinical features of infantile gastroenteritis due to rotavirus.	the symptoms of 100 hospitalised cases of rotavirus infantile gastroenteritis are described. most patients presented with high fever between the 2nd and 5th day, having started with diarrhoea or vomiting or both. 42% of the infants had upper respiratory tract symptoms. severe electrolyte disturbance did not occur, although there was a suggestion of a correlation between the higher blood ureas and the number of rotavirus particles in the stools. the mean duration of illness of uncomplicated cases ...	1976	188118
rotavirus-associated gastroenteritis in two adults probably caused by virus reinfection.	rotavirus infection was diagnosed by virus detection and by serological methods in 2 women with acute gastroenteritis, aged 22 and 29 years, respectively. both patients had been in close contact with children with rotavirus gastroenteritis. rotavirus-specific antibodies were detected in serum specimens obtained prior to the illness in one of the patients, and the serological response in both patients suggested a reinfection with rotavirus as cause of the disease.	1976	188119
rotavirus infections in a maternity unit.	between may and august 1975, rotaviruses were detected in the stools of 76 out of 174 (44%) newborn babies in the maternity unit at this hospital. infection occurred less frequently in breast-fed than in bottle-fed babies (p less than 0.001). however, only 7 out of 76 (8%) babies who excreted rotaviruses had symptoms and these were mild. complement fixation tests did not show any apparent difference in the antibody titres or serological responses between mothers of rotavirus positive or negative ...	1976	189702
human rotavirus in young dogs.		1976	190523
neonatal calf diarrhoea: identification of a reovirus-like (rotavirus) agent in faeces by immunofluorescence and immune electron microscopy.		1975	172192
characterisation of a rotavirus.20b.		1975	173999
epidemic viral enteritis in a long-stay children's ward.	two outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis occurred in 1974 in a long-stay children's ward. electron microscopy demonstrated rotaviruses in faeces from the affected children in the first outbreak, and adenoviruses in faeces from affected children and a nurse in the second outbreak. the illness in both outbreaks was very mild; but the diarrhoea associated with rotavirus infection usually lasted 5-8 days (in one patient it lasted for 28 days) and sometimes started with vomiting; whereas the adenovirus ...	1975	46358
importance of a new virus in acute sporadic enteritis in children.	in a year-long survey of children admitted with acute enteritis to hospital in melbourne, australia, an aetiological agent was found in approximately 75% of patients. during most months of the year a newly described virus belonging to the family reoviridae was detected by electron microscopy of faecal extracts from more than 50% of patients. recovery of this virus reached a peak (73%) during the winter. all age-group up to five years of age were susceptible to infection, which was occasionally f ...	1975	46387
editorial: rotaviruses of man and animals.		1975	46393
letter: rotaviruses of man and animals.		1975	47983
letter: rotavirus infections in a maternity unit.		1975	49677
letter: rotavirus infections in obstetric hospitals.		1975	49709
rotavirus enteritis in the west midlands during 1974.	during 1974 in the west midlands of england, 38% of children less than 6 years old with enteritis were excreting rotaviruses. children aged from 6 months to 3 years were those most commonly infected. rotavirus infections were most common during winter with only a few sporadic cases during summer. a possible pathogen was detected in 59% of patients examined.	1975	49794
letter: rotavirus infections in neonates.		1975	51252
letter: isolation of human rotavirus using human embryonic gut monolayers.		1975	53455
in-vitro detection of human rotaviruses.		1975	78193
reovirus and rotavirus infections.		1975	220624
[infantile gastroenteritis: a new viral agent, the rotavirus].		1975	1101185
transmission of human rotaviruses to gnotobiotic piglets.	faecal filtrates containing rotavirus particles, from children with acute infectious diarrhoea, were inoculated intranasally into gnotobiotic piglets. the piglets developed no symptoms, but birus was readily found by electron microscopy in their faeces during three serial passages. among 11 piglets tested 3 weeks after inoculation of virus, all had developed fluorescent antibodies against tissue-culture-adapted calf rotavirus but only two had neutralising antibody. growth of human rotavirus did ...	1975	1107554
letter: "rotavirus" in stored specimens of faecal extracts.		1974	4138251
letter: "rotavirus" in gastroenteritis.		1974	4143001