Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| treatment of acute bronchiolitis with chinese herbs. | in a randomised single blind trial the chinese herbs shuang huang lian were evaluated for the treatment of acute bronchiolitis. children with acute bronchiolitis and serological evidence of recent respiratory syncytial virus infection were studied in a tertiary hospital in harbin, china. the 96 children were randomised into three treatment groups: herbs, herbs with antibiotics, and antibiotics alone. the herbs were prepared by the medical school pharmacy and administered daily by intravenous inf ... | 1993 | 8503668 |
| enzyme immunoassay for respiratory syncytial virus: rapid detection in nasopharyngeal secretions and evaluation of isolates representing different rsv subgroups. | the presence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was investigated by immunofluorescent antibody (ifa) technique and by an enzyme immunoassay (eia) in 169 samples of nasopharyngeal secretions of infants and children with acute respiratory infections. of 31 samples positive by eia, 25 were positive by ifa. in 24 samples from a retrospective study, rsv positive by ifa and/or tissue culture isolation (tci), 22 were also positive by eia. the eia was also evaluated with 111 rsv isolates in hep2 cell ... | 1993 | 8505698 |
| mode of inhibition of respiratory syncytial virus by a plant flavonoid, sp-303. | a natural-product polyphenolic polymer of molecular weight 2,100 daltons designated sp-303, was found to have antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in the 2-10 microm range in plaque reduction assays and cytopathic-effect-inhibition assays. the material was also virucidal. the 50% effective concentration (ec50) for virucidal activity was 28 microm. experiments were done to determine the mode(s) of rsv inhibition by sp-303. interferon was not induced. sp-303 did not inhibit ... | 1993 | 8508691 |
| viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory infections in pre-school nigerian children and clinical implications of multiple microbial identifications. | in a prospective study of acute lower respiratory infections (alri), at the university college hospital, uch, ibadan, 35 viral pathogens were identified by immunofluorescence (if) techniques from 24 (68.6%) respiratory specimens from 35 hospitalised pre-school children. the respiratory diagnoses comprised croup, bronchiolitis, pneumonia and pleural effusion. the viral identifications comprised 14 (40.0%) of parainfluenza virus type 3, 10 (28.6%) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), 5 (14.3%) of ... | 1993 | 8512876 |
| phenotypic and functional characterization of t cell lines specific for individual respiratory syncytial virus proteins. | mice sensitized to individual respiratory syncytial (rs) virus proteins show distinct patterns of immunity and pulmonary pathology when challenged with live virus. to explore the immune mechanisms responsible for the differences in postvaccination disease, balb/c (h-2d) mice were primed by scarification with recombinant vaccinia viruses (rvv) expressing the major glycoprotein (g), fusion protein (f), phosphoprotein (p), nucleoprotein (n), or second matrix (22k) protein of rs virus. ag-stimulated ... | 1993 | 8515055 |
| factors enhancing adherence of toxigenic staphylococcus aureus to epithelial cells and their possible role in sudden infant death syndrome. | toxigenic strains of staphylococcus aureus have been suggested to play a role in sudden infant death syndrome (sids). in this study we examined two factors that might enhance binding of toxigenic staphylococci to epithelial cells of infants in the age range in which cot deaths are prevalent: expression of the lewis(a) antigen and infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). by flow cytometry we demonstrated that binding of three toxigenic strains of s. aureus to cells from nonsecretors was ... | 1993 | 8519316 |
| a study of respiratory infections in a healthy adult population during the 1987 australian winter. | during the 1987 australian winter, respiratory illness patterns were studied in a population of 454 healthy adults, aged 18-59, over a period of 45 days. these patterns were matched with data obtained from laboratory diagnoses for respiratory viruses, mycoplasma pneumoniae and bacteria. influenza b/1/86 was by far the most prevalent pathogen but other viruses including influenza a, paramyxoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus and coronavirus oc-43 were also present, either alone or in combinatio ... | 1993 | 8168672 |
| [infectious toxic shock in generalized rotaviral infection in newborns]. | the possibility of the rotavirus infection generalization, the course of which was complicated by the infectious toxic shock and disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome as a cause of death of three newborns is shown for the first time. etiology of the disease was established by electron microscopy, immunoenzymatic and immunofluorescent methods in the faeces, blood and postmortem material. the manifestations of giant cell metamorphosis not only in the intestine but also in the pia mater, ... | 1993 | 8154980 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of some new benzofuran derivatives. | new derivatives of benzofuran were prepared and evaluated for their in vitro activity against a number of dna and rna viruses in various cell systems. compounds 1-(7-dodecyloxy-2-benzofuranyl)ethanone (3c) and 1-(7-tridecyloxy-2-benzofuranyl)ethanone (3d) exhibited a specific activity against respiratory syncytial virus in hela and compound [di(2-acetylbenzofuranyl-7-oxy)]-n-propane (5a) against influenza a virus in mdck. | 1993 | 8141829 |
| frameshifting and antigenic variation in respiratory syncytial virus. | recent studies have suggested that frameshift mutations in the attachment protein gene of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus may contribute to its variability. many pathogens use several mechanisms for antigenic variation to elude their hosts' immune responses, and the frameshift mechanism is not unique to rs virus. indeed, it may turn out to be a widespread genetic phenomenon among pathogens. | 1993 | 8143132 |
| induction of interferon in human leukocyte cultures by natural pathogenic respiratory viruses. | some common viruses responsible for respiratory disease have been reported to be poor inducers of interferon (ifn). therefore, we have studied the induction of ifn in cultures of human leukocytes exposed under standardized conditions to various concentrations of adenovirus type 7a, coronavirus 229e, an influenza type a virus (h3n2), a rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). all five viruses induced substantial amounts of ifn at a multiplicity of infection of one infectious unit per ce ... | 1993 | 8151137 |
| respiratory syncytial virus vaccines: can we improve on nature? | both inactivated and live rsv candidate vaccines will continue to be tested in infants and young children. sequential vaccination, with a first dose of live attenuated vaccine followed by boosting with intramuscular subunit vaccines, also is an option. we are encouraged by the fact that influenza subunit and cold-adapted live vaccines are both safe and immunogenic in infants and children of the same age group. testing of rsv vaccines must proceed at a slower pace because of the phenomenon of vac ... | 1993 | 8139872 |
| the immunologic response to experimental infection with bovine respiratory syncytial virus in lambs. | an experimental model was designed to study the humoral immune response in lambs experimentally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv), 25 merino lambs of both sexes, with a live weight of 17 +/- 3 kg, received an intratracheal inoculation of 20 ml. saline solution containing 1.26 x 10(6) tcid50 brsv (strain nmk-7) per ml. blood samples for serological analysis were collected from the jugular vein of the animals on days 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 15 post inoculation. serum protein ... | 1993 | 8128799 |
| antiviral activity of nerve growth factor in vitro. | the antiviral activity of 'nerve growth factor' (ngf) on non-oncogenic dna, on rna viruses and on moloney sarcoma retrovirus was evaluated in vitro. ngf was active against herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2) and moloney sarcoma virus (msv) at non toxic concentrations. the effects of different treatment regimens on hsv-1 infections indicate that the inhibitory action of ngf occurs at the early stages of viral replication. no activity was noted against coxsacki ... | 1993 | 8131710 |
| recurrent wheezing in children with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in qatar. | records of 70 infants admitted to hamad general hospital with rsv bronchiolitis and a similar number of controls were retrospectively reviewed. two years after admission, 44% of the infants with rsv bronchiolitis developed recurrent wheezing compared with only 12.9% of controls (p = 0.001). a family history of atopy appeared not to be a significant predisposing factor for the occurrence of recurrent wheezing in post rsv bronchiolitis patients. these results are similar to those from similar stud ... | 1993 | 8131799 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in young children hospitalized with respiratory illness in riyadh. | the occurrence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection among young children hospitalized with lower respiratory tract illness, at king khalid university hospital in riyadh, was examined during the autumn-winter season between september 1991 and february 1992. sixty-nine cases were diagnosed by immunofluorescent antibody staining of viral antigen in nasopharyngeal aspirates from 127 children, constituting 54 per cent of these patients. virus culture was attempted only in a few cases, yield ... | 1993 | 8133556 |
| ribavirin. | 1993 | 8121363 | |
| [ultrastructural pathology of the placenta in respiratory-syncytial viral infection and mycoplasmosis]. | electron microscopy of the placentas affected by respiratory-syncytial virus and mycoplasmas (mycoplasma urealyticum) revealed the most pronounced alterations in the syncytiotrophoblast structures. destructive changes in the respiratory-syncytial infection were associated with a direct reproduction of viral particles. two types of alterations (acute and long-lasting) reflecting two stages of the infectious process are reported in the mycoplasma infection. | 1993 | 8122978 |
| morbidity and mortality in a large irish feedlot; microbiological and serological findings in cattle with acute respiratory disease. | a survey of morbidity and mortality was undertaken in a slatted unit containing 6399 beef cattle over a 6 month period. the mortality rate was 0.78% and the morbidity rate was 12.7%. the interval from arrival to morbidity was 25.5 days +/- 0.9. significantly more sick cattle were identified on either mondays or tuesdays than were seen on saturdays or sundays (p < 0.005). the mean interval to mortality (all diseases) was 48.5 days +/- 7.4. respiratory disease was the most frequently recorded dise ... | 1993 | 8111615 |
| antigenic diversity of respiratory syncytial viruses and its implication for immunoprophylaxis in ruminants. | bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) is a very important pathogen of cattle and perhaps other ruminants. it is a major contributor to the incidence of respiratory tract disease in nursing beef and feedlot and dairy calves. the genome of respiratory syncytial viruses encodes 10 proteins translated from 10 unique mrnas. the major glycoprotein (g), fusion protein (f), 1a protein and the 22k protein are components of the viral envelope. the nucleocapsid contains the nucleocapsid protein (n), th ... | 1993 | 8116189 |
| adult bacterial nasopharyngitis: a clinical entity? | to investigate bacterial nasopharyngitis as a cause of adult upper respiratory infection. | 1993 | 8120682 |
| [detecting respiratory syncytial virus in respiratory epithelial cells in adult patients by electron microscopy and immune electron microscopy]. | in order to evaluate the value of electron microscopy (em) in diagnosing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in adults, the exfoliated cells from nasopharynx of 97 rsv positive patients were examined by em and the gold labelling technique for immune electron microscopy. the viral particles with rsv features were found at the surface of the exfoliated cells only in a few samples by em, and the specific gold labelling were observed in the immune electron microscopy (iem). the results showe ... | 1993 | 7923432 |
| respiratory syncytial virus or influenza? | we compared data from clinical surveillance of acute respiratory infections in elderly people reported by a network of sentinel general practitioners, virus isolate data for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a and b viruses, and registered deaths, during the past four winters. cases of acute respiratory disease (ard) and deaths (3-week moving averages) showed strong similarity in timing. periods of high incidence of ard and numbers of deaths were followed within 2-3 weeks by report ... | 1993 | 7902899 |
| severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections and immunoglobulin concentrations. | in a prospective study in 86 children with respiratory syncytial virus infections, no relation was detected between the severity of infection (based on diagnosis, chest radiography findings, need for mechanical ventilation, and duration of hospitalisation) and serum concentrations of igg, iga, igm, and igg1-4 on admission. | 1993 | 8024304 |
| [a retrospective survey on the respiratory course of severe bronchiolitis]. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in infancy can induce bronchial reactivity and virus-specific ige production; these responses may favor the later development of asthma. this retrospective study examines the influences of early and severe forms of bronchiolitis on such an outcome. | 1993 | 8002720 |
| [prevalence and clinical aspects of a and b subgroups of respiratory syncytial virus infection. observation of 8 consecutive epidemics between 1982 and 1990]. | infants suffering from respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection can have severe responses that require intensive care. this study compares the epidemiologic patterns and the severity of respiratory diseases produced by rsv strain subtypes a and b. | 1993 | 8002736 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in an adult with aids. | 1993 | 8110934 | |
| [bovine serum albumin inhibits the adsorption of respiratory syncytial virus on mdbk cells]. | in order to obtain optimal bovine respiratory syncytial virus adsorption to host cells, the effect of several products (fetal bovine serum, bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin and cytochrome c) was studied. the adsorption of the virus to mdbk cells was higher in the presence of 2% than in the presence of 5% fetal bovine serum. adsorption was inhibited in the presence of bovine serum albumin at concentrations > 0.2% when added before or at the same time as the virus. ovalbumin and cytochrome c did no ... | 1993 | 8111432 |
| enhanced pulmonary pathology associated with the use of formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in cotton rats is not a unique viral phenomenon. | the specificity of viral antigens in the formalin-inactivated, alum-precipitated respiratory syncytial virus (fi-rsv) vaccine in augmenting the pulmonary inflammatory response was evaluated. cotton rats were immunized with a fi-rsv vaccine derived from vero cells, a monkey cell line, or hep-2 cells, a human cell line. the fi-rsv/vero and the fi-rsv/hep-2 vaccines were prepared similarly to the original lot-100 fi-rsv vaccine that was associated with enhanced disease in the mid-1960s field trials ... | 1993 | 7508665 |
| [diagnosis and treatment with traditional chinese medicine and western medicine in infantile pneumonia]. | 1993 | 7508774 | |
| [rsv infection. international symposium from the 89th annual meeting of the german society for pediatrics. würzburg, september 9, 1993]. | 1993 | 7477026 | |
| binding of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies to regions of the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus expressed in escherichia coli. | cdna containing the entire coding sequence of the respiratory syncytial (rs) virus fusion (f) protein gene (574 amino acids) and two large psti restriction fragments, encoding amino acids 18 to 212 and 214 to 574, were expressed in escherichia coli as c-terminal chimeras with beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) in the pex expression vector system. a further cdna fragment, overlapping the psti restriction site and encoding amino acids 190 to 289, was derived by pcr and expressed in a similar manner. po ... | 1993 | 7506297 |
| conformational constraints of conserved neutralizing epitopes from a major antigenic area of human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein. | to study the conformational requirements of epitopes from a conserved antigenic area (area ii) of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus fusion (f) glycoprotein, peptides of increasing length containing amino acids essential for these epitopes were synthesized. the synthetic peptides were tested for binding to a panel of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) for this area as well as to rabbit hyperimmune and human convalescent antisera. antibody binding was dependent on peptide length; thus, a 61- ... | 1993 | 7506298 |
| three antigenic variant groups in human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup b isolated in japan. | nineteen hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the structural proteins of strain 58-17, a subgroup b field strain of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) isolated in japan, were obtained by fusion of x63 myeloma cells with spleen cells from balb/c mice immunized with the virus-infected hep-2 cells. seven clones were found to produce antibodies against the fusion protein (f), five against the large glycoprotein (g), five against the nucleoprotein (np) and two against the 22k prot ... | 1993 | 7678192 |
| frequent polymerase errors observed in a restricted area of clones derived from the attachment (g) protein gene of respiratory syncytial virus. | sequence analysis of a large number of clones derived from the carboxy-terminal one-third of the attachment (g) protein gene of subgroup a respiratory syncytial viruses revealed a region very prone to polymerase errors which resulted mainly in frameshifts because of the insertion or deletion of adenosine residues in some but not all runs of such residues. such mutations were detected in 14% of clones derived from mrna, 58% of clones derived from genomic-sense rna, and 50% of clones derived from ... | 1993 | 7678299 |
| respiratory syncytial virus. | 1993 | 7681743 | |
| location of bovine respiratory syncytial virus antigens in the lung of experimentally-infected lambs: comparative study using indirect fluorescent antibody test, avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and transmission electron microscopy. | the experiments were designed to analyse the efficiency of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat), the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (abpc) and transmission electron microscopy (tem) in detecting bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) antigen in ovine lung. 25 gnotobiotic merino lambs each received an intratracheal injection of 20 ml of brsv infected cell culture suspension (strain nmk-7) diluted at the concentration of 1.26 x 10(6) tcid50/ml. results showed that the immunological t ... | 1993 | 7682871 |
| human monoclonal antibodies against a plethora of viral pathogens from single combinatorial libraries. | conventional antibody generation usually requires active immunization with antigen immediately prior to the preparation procedure. combinatorial antibody library technology offers the possibility of cloning a range of antibody specificities at a single point in time and then accessing these specificities at will. here we show that human monoclonal antibody fab fragments against a plethora of infectious agents can be readily derived from a single library. further examination of a number of librar ... | 1993 | 7683424 |
| immunization of mice with vaccinia virus-m2 recombinant induces epitope-specific and cross-reactive kd-restricted cd8+ cytotoxic t cells. | the m2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a protective antigen in h-2d, but not h-2b or h-2k mice. none of the other rsv proteins, excluding the surface glycoproteins that induce neutralizing antibodies, is protective in mice bearing these haplotypes. thus, the m2 protein stands alone as a nonglycoprotein-protective antigen of rsv. the m2 protein is a target for murine kd-restricted cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctls), and the resistance induced by infection with a vaccinia virus-rsv m2 ... | 1993 | 7685408 |
| identification of t-cell epitopes adjacent to neutralizing antigenic domains on the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus. | f glycoprotein has been identified as an important target structure in the immunological response following respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. two sequential b epitopes corresponding to amino acids 200 to 225 and 255 to 278 have already been defined with anti-rsv rabbit serum. the t helper response to peptides which belong to these sequences was investigated in this study. proliferative t-cell responses to these peptides were analysed in balb/c mice (h-2d) and others strains: sjl (h-2s ... | 1993 | 7685537 |
| mapping of monoclonal antibody epitopes of the human respiratory syncytial virus p protein. | the epitopes of 10 monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the phosphoprotein (p) of human respiratory syncytial (rs) virus (long strain) were mapped onto the protein primary structure by testing their reactivity with both protein fragments and synthetic peptides. seven epitopes were clustered in the n-terminal end, two others were located in the central region, and one epitope was mapped in the c-terminal end of the p molecule. the location of epitopes in the p protein sequence correlated ... | 1993 | 7686311 |
| influence of the t-helper epitope on the titre and affinity of antibodies to b-cell epitopes after co-immunization. | we have assessed the influence of different t-helper cell epitopes on the level and affinity of antibody to b-cell epitopes induced following co-immunization with free peptides mimicking epitopes from measles and respiratory syncytial virus envelope proteins. the responses obtained following co-immunization have been compared to those obtained following immunization with chimeric synthetic peptide immunogens in which the epitopes were covalently coupled. the results show that covalent linkage of ... | 1993 | 7688851 |
| nosocomial spread of rsv infection. | 1993 | 7693189 | |
| treating rsv in the immunocompromised. | tribavirin may be a useful treatment for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in people who are immunocompromised. | 1993 | 27680362 |
| [immunoprophylaxis of respiratory syncytial (rs-viral) infection: results and prospects]. | 1992 | 8539770 | |
| rapid detection of respiratory viruses by shell vial culture and direct staining by using pooled and individual monoclonal antibodies. | the bartels respiratory virus panel detection kit is an indirect fluorescent-antibody (ifa) method that uses pooled and individual antisera for tissue culture confirmation of seven respiratory viruses. we evaluated these reagents for detecting viral antigen in shell vial cultures and by direct staining of cells from respiratory specimens. the isolation from 254 specimens of respiratory viruses in shell vial cultures compared with standard tube cultures was highly sensitive (94%) and specific (97 ... | 1992 | 1372616 |
| infectious respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) effectively inhibits the proliferative t cell response to inactivated rsv in vitro. | the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) on the cellular immune response of human mononuclear cells in vitro was examined. inhibition by rsv of the lymphocyte response to phytohemagglutinin in vitro was confirmed using cells from human umbilical cord blood. in addition, rsv significantly inhibited both the proliferative and t cell colony responses of human mononuclear cells to epstein-barr virus. an rsv-specific cellular immune response was induced in vitro by stimulation of mononuclear c ... | 1992 | 1373752 |
| rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal aspirates by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction amplification. | a rapid method for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in nasopharyngeal aspirates, involving a combination of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction amplification (rt-pcr), has been developed. the rt-pcr assay employs oligonucleotide primers specific for the region of the rsv genome which encodes the f1 subunit of the fusion (f) glycoprotein. other respiratory viruses do not give a positive reaction. the rt-pcr assay was tested on 202 nasopharyngeal aspirates collected f ... | 1992 | 1374080 |
| intracellular processing of the human respiratory syncytial virus fusion glycoprotein: amino acid substitutions affecting folding, transport and cleavage. | the intracellular processing and transport of the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion (f) glycoprotein was examined by comparing the maturation and stability of wild-type f, uncleaved mutant f and chimeric f glycoproteins expressed by recombinant vaccinia viruses to that of f protein expressed by rsv. one of the recombinant viruses, vf317, expressed f protein (f317) that was processed like the rsv f glycoprotein. f317 was synthesized initially as f0, the uncleaved glycosylated precursor of ... | 1992 | 1375280 |
| assignment of mutant tsn19 (complementation group e) of respiratory syncytial virus to the p protein gene. | the mutation responsible for the temperature-sensitive (ts) phenotype of mutant tsn19 (complementation group e) of respiratory syncytial virus has been located to the p protein gene. viral protein synthesis was completely restricted at 39 degrees c, and the tsn19 p protein did not react with an anti-p monoclonal antibody (mab) (3-5) at 33 degrees c. reversion of temperature sensitivity restored reactivity with mab 3-5. nucleotide sequence determination and in vitro expression of cdna clones of p ... | 1992 | 1378878 |
| epitope specificities of human serum antibodies reactive with respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein. | respiratory syncytial (rs) virus continues to cause serious human respiratory disease and no prophylactic vaccine is yet available. serum antibodies to rs virus fusion protein (f) that have the appropriate specificities and activities could confer protection against severe rs virus infections. to explore human serum antibody responses to rs virus f we first characterised four epitopes on f and then measured the concentrations of human serum antibodies to these sites for 389 sera. individuals var ... | 1992 | 1379425 |
| nosocomial respiratory syncytial virus infection in a newborn nursery. | the nosocomial spread of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was studied in a newborn nursery in benin city, nigeria at a time the virus was known to be highly prevalent in the community. nasopharyngeal washings were obtained from babies on admission and, thereafter, every 4 days until discharged. questionnaires were administered to medical personnel with upper respiratory tract infection (urti). rsv was detected by an elisa technique. a total of 56 babies were studied, made up of 33 preterm and 2 ... | 1992 | 1381895 |
| location of the epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody 63g on the primary structure of human respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein and the ability of synthetic peptides containing this epitope to induce neutralizing antibodies. | the location of the epitope recognized by monoclonal antibody (mab) 63g on the primary structure of the human respiratory syncytial virus g glycoprotein was determined by testing the reactivity of synthetic peptides with the mab. the role of individual amino acids in this epitope was determined by using a set of 13-mer peptides containing single residue deletions. residues 204 to 209 were found to be essential for antibody binding. these results are in full agreement with previous sequence data ... | 1992 | 1383397 |
| protective epitopes on the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus recognized by murine and bovine monoclonal antibodies. | the regions of the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) that react with neutralizing, fusion-inhibiting and highly protective bovine and murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were mapped by two methods: (i) competitive binding assays and (ii) production and analysis of antibody-escape mutants. competitive binding assays with 16 murine and 10 bovine mabs identified 11 antigenic sites on the fusion (f) protein, many of which overlapped extensively, and indicated that cattle, a natural ... | 1992 | 1383403 |
| characterization of two antigenic sites recognized by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies directed against the fusion glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus. | two antigenic sites recognized by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against the fusion (f) glycoprotein of human respiratory syncytial virus were mapped on the primary structure of the protein by (i) the identification of amino acid substitutions selected in antibody-escape mutants and (ii) the reactivity of synthetic peptides with mabs. the first site contained several overlapping epitopes which were located within the trypsin-resistant amino-terminal third of the large f1 subu ... | 1992 | 1383404 |
| epitopes at the proteolytic cleavage sites of hiv-1-gp120 and rsv-f protein share a sequence homology: comparative studies with virus-induced and antipeptide antibodies. | the proteolytic cleavage sites of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) envelope glycoprotein precursor gp160 and the fusion protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) show a sequence homology. to study this homology two synthetic peptides corresponding to hiv-1-env-gp160-aa 507-518 (kakrrvvqrekr) and rsv-f2-aa 130-136 (skkrkrr) were synthesized. human serum samples from hiv-positive or rsv-positive collections recognized the appropriate peptide in 90.6 or 37.2% respectively. no cros ... | 1992 | 1385356 |
| an r.s.v.p. to r.s.v. (respiratory syncytial virus): declining mortality rates. | 1992 | 1395656 | |
| respiratory syncytial virus morbidity and mortality estimates in congenital heart disease patients: a recent experience. | to determine recent morbidity and mortality rates from respiratory syncytial virus infection in a pediatric congenital heart disease population. | 1992 | 1395661 |
| comparison of a new commercial enzyme immunoassay for rapid detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | two rapid methods for detection of respiratory syncytial virus in respiratory specimens were compared: direct immunofluorescence assay (dfa) with monoclonal antibody and an enzyme immunoassay (eia) (test-pack rsv). ninety-five nasopharyngeal washings and aspirates from 51 children were examined; the patients were hospitalized during a winter outbreak of rsv infection in the first trimester of 1990. a total of 41.0% and 56.8% of these samples were positive by eia and dfa respectively. considering ... | 1992 | 1396733 |
| sequence comparison between the phosphoprotein mrnas of human and bovine respiratory syncytial viruses identifies a divergent domain in the predicted protein. | the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the phosphoprotein (p) mrna of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) strain a51908 have been determined. the p mrna is 860 nucleotides long with a single large open reading frame and the encoded polypeptide is 241 amino acids long. comparison with the corresponding sequences of human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) subgroups a and b revealed 72 to 74% identity at the nucleotide level, and 81% at the amino acid level. the p protein contain ... | 1992 | 1402819 |
| respiratory syncytial virus puzzle: clinical features, pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention. | 1992 | 1403380 | |
| transcription of human respiratory syncytial virus genome rna in vitro: requirement of cellular factor(s). | extracts made from human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-infected hep-2 cells synthesized mrnas encoded by all known viral genes. in contrast, rsv ribonucleoproteins purified from infected cells failed to transcribe in vitro; transcription was restored by addition of a cytoplasmic extract of uninfected hep-2 cells, demonstrating that a cellular factor(s) has a role in rsv gene expression. quantitation of the individual gene mrnas transcribed in vitro revealed polarity of transcription of the g ... | 1992 | 1404620 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and the use of ribavirin. | 1992 | 1406102 | |
| first-year infections after initial hospitalization in low birth weight infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. | symptoms of infection, specific infections, antibiotic course and hospitalizations were evaluated prospectively by using monthly questionnaires after initial hospitalization in 73 low birth weight (lbw) infants (less than 1751 g) and a subgroup of 19 infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (bpd) compared with 63 full-term controls matched for age, sex and home locality. the immunoglobulin g, a, m and e levels of the lbw infants were measured at corrected ages of 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 months. ... | 1992 | 1411318 |
| sero-epidemiological studies of respiratory syncytial and adenoviruses in children in ibadan, nigeria, 1985-1988. | retrospective and prospective serological surveys to determine the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and adenovirus (adv) infections in children with respiratory diseases were carried out from 1985 to 1988 at the university college hospital, ibadan, nigeria. 306 sera from subjects between 3 months and 12 years old were assayed by complement fixation test for antibodies to both viruses. second samples were available from 42 of the subjects for antibody conversion testing. the rate v ... | 1992 | 1412660 |
| risks connected with the use of conventional and genetically engineered vaccines. | a review is given of real and potential risks connected with the use of conventional and genetically engineered live and dead vaccines. special attention is given to live carrier vaccines expressing one or more heterologous genes of other microorganisms. because most carrier vaccines are still in an experimental phase, there is only limited experience with the risks of carrier vaccines. there are three potential risks of live carrier vaccines which will be discussed: 1. changes in cell, tissue, ... | 1992 | 1413441 |
| polylactosaminoglycan modification of the respiratory syncytial virus small hydrophobic (sh) protein: a conserved feature among human and bovine respiratory syncytial viruses. | we investigated the nature of the oligosaccharide modification of the glycosylated forms of the small hydrophobic integral membrane protein, sh (previously designated 1a), of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus. analysis of sh protein expressed in cells infected with rs virus or with a recombinant vaccinia virus revealed two glycosylated sh protein species, shg and shp, which contained n-linked carbohydrate residues. shp migrated diffusely on polyacrylamide gels, which suggested modification by pol ... | 1992 | 1413513 |
| analysis of relatedness of subgroup a respiratory syncytial viruses isolated worldwide. | respiratory syncytial virus strains (subgroup a) isolated from around the world during the period 1988-1991 were analysed to determine their relatedness. analysis was by restriction mapping and nucleotide sequencing following amplification of selected regions of the virus genome by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). twenty-three viruses of subgroup a isolated from cities in temperate regions of the northern and southern hemispheres and the tropics during the period 1988-1991 fell into distinct gro ... | 1992 | 1413992 |
| effects of allergen challenge on plasma concentrations of prostaglandins, thromboxane b2, and histamine in calves infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | to examine the influence of allergen-induced type-1 hypersensitivity on the pathogenesis of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) infection, we sensitized calves by aerosol to micropolyspora faeni (mf) and challenge exposed them during infection with brsv. the development of mf-specific ige serum concentrations was confirmed by elisa. the dynamics of arachidonic acid metabolism and histamine release during a type-1 hypersensitivity reaction in the bovine lung were studied by quantitating the ... | 1992 | 1416375 |
| immunologic response of adenoidal lymphocytes to respiratory syncytial virus. | adenoidal lymphocytes obtained from 43 subjects with serum antibodies to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were established in culture in vitro and analyzed for immunoglobulin (ig) and rsv-specific antibody synthesis. spontaneous synthesis of ig was consistently observed in culture supernatants. the ratios of iga to igg and igm to igg in adenoidal lymphocyte culture supernatant were higher than in serum. in cell cultures stimulated with rsv or pokeweed mitogen, rsv antibody activity was detected ... | 1992 | 1416640 |
| detection of genomic sequences of respiratory syncytial virus in otitis media with effusion in children. | the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and the nested polymerase chain reaction were used for detection of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) sequences in middle ear effusions collected from children with otitis media. sequences of rsv were detected in 21 of 34 samples tested. these samples were collected during and/or after natural outbreaks of rsv infection in the community. in those patients from whose nasopharynges rsv was isolated, the viral sequences were highly detectable (75% ... | 1992 | 1416657 |
| field trials on a live bovine respiratory syncytial virus vaccine in calves. | field trials were carried out in calves using a live bovine respiratory syncytial (brs) virus vaccine prepared from the attenuated brs virus, strain rs-52. two hundred seventy-five and 353 calves were vaccinated intranasally and intramuscularly, respectively. no undesirable postvaccinal reactions were observed in the vaccinated calves. of the serum neutralizing (sn) antibody negative calves 89.7% (26/29) and 92.8% (90/97) developed sn antibody 1 month after intranasal and intramuscular vaccinati ... | 1992 | 1420579 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infections. | 1992 | 1424399 | |
| evaluation of three rapid enzyme immunoassays and cell culture for detection of respiratory syncytial virus. | three rapid enzyme immunoassay techniques for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus antigen (becton dickinson directigen rsv, abbott rsv testpack and abbott rsv eia) and cell culture were evaluated in a total of 250 nasal washings. the sensitivity and specificity were 62% and 76% respectively for directigen, 64% and 86% for rsv testpack, and 76% and 81% for rsv eia, taking cell culture as the reference method. agreement between cell culture and eia techniques was 79% (70 positive and 128 ... | 1992 | 1425717 |
| direct detection of immunogold reactions by real-time video microscopy. | video-enhanced microscopy allows the detection and tracking of individual colloidal gold particles. the analysis of immunogold reactions can also be conducted as a function of time and thus allows the study of dynamic events in living cells. the direct visualization in real time is reported of the reaction of immunogold particles with a surface antigen. this time-resolved immunocytochemistry was achieved by continuous observation of living cells infected with a virus (respiratory syncytial virus ... | 1992 | 1429013 |
| a novel, spectrophotometric microneutralization assay for respiratory syncytial virus. | we describe a simple and rapid microneutralization assay for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) based on the colorimetric quantitation of the conversion of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (mtt) to a formazan product by the mitochondria of viable cells. conditions for rsv infectivity were first optimized for sensitivity and reproducibility based on cell density and on rsv concentration as a function of multiplicity of infection (moi) and time post-infection and the re ... | 1992 | 1430065 |
| immunotherapy of respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats (sigmodon fulviventer) using igg in a small-particle aerosol. | to determine whether aerosolized igg can be used effectively in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections, cotton rats were infected intranasally with rsv and treated 3 days later with human igg containing anti-rsv antibodies delivered in a small-particle aerosol. pulmonary histology and virus titers were determined 24 h after igg treatment. a single 15-min exposure to aerosolized igg did not exacerbate pulmonary pathology and effected a 50-fold reduction in pulmonary virus t ... | 1992 | 1431258 |
| respiratory syncytial virus detection by dot blot hybridization with a nonradioactive synthetic oligo deoxynucleotide probe. | a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide corresponding to a region of the nucleocapside gene (n) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), was used as a dna probe to develop a nonradioactive hybridization assay for the detection of rsv. the probe was labeled by incorporation of biotin-7-datp to the 3' end by a reaction catalyzed by terminal deoxynucleotydil transferase. the dot blot hybridization assay was found to be specific for rsv when tested against rsv isolates (subgroups a and b) obtained from cell c ... | 1992 | 1431818 |
| pulmonary histopathology induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) challenge of formalin-inactivated rsv-immunized balb/c mice is abrogated by depletion of cd4+ t cells. | in previous studies, it was observed that children immunized with a formalin-inactivated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine (fi-rsv) developed severe pulmonary disease with greater frequency during subsequent natural rsv infection than did controls. during earlier efforts to develop an animal model of this phenomenon, enhanced pulmonary histopathology was observed after intranasal rsv challenge of fi-rsv-immunized cotton rats. progress in understanding the immunologic basis for these observatio ... | 1992 | 1433525 |
| intensive care course and outcome of patients infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | picu admissions of 97 children positive for respiratory syncytial virus on fluorescent antibody screening were reviewed; 68% of 44 patients without history of preceding disease (group i) and 79% of 53 patients with preceding pulmonary, cardiac, or other disease (group ii) required ventilation. in group i ventilated children weighted significantly less (p = 0.001) and were of lower chronological (p = 0.02) and post-conceptional ages (p = 0.02) than those not ventilated. eighteen infants ventilate ... | 1992 | 1437327 |
| the role of viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae in lower respiratory tract infections in childhood. | acute lower respiratory tract infections are one of the major causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. this study was undertaken at hacettepe university children's hospital to determine the role of viruses and mycoplasma pneumoniae in respiratory tract infections in children. eighty-three patients with lower respiratory tract infections were selected at random from among the children admitted to the hospital for evaluation of respiratory symptoms. acute and convalesce ... | 1992 | 1440953 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus-specific immune responses in cattle following immunization with modified-live and inactivated vaccines. analysis of proliferation and secretion of lymphokines by leukocytes in vitro. | cattle were immunized with vaccines containing modified-live or inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and lymphocyte proliferative responses and cytokine secretion were monitored sequentially. compared to pre-inoculated values, significant increases in proliferative responses to modified-live brsv were detectable by day 7 after the primary immunization with the vaccine containing inactivated brsv, and by 7 days after the second immunization with modified-live virus. after a third ... | 1992 | 1441227 |
| bovine respiratory syncytial virus-specific immune responses in cattle following immunization with modified-live and inactivated vaccines. analysis of the specificity and activity of serum antibodies. | cattle were immunized with vaccines containing modified-live or inactivated bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) and serum antibody responses were analyzed. compared with preinculation values, at day 14 after two biweekly immunizations with modified-live or inactivated vaccines there were significant increases in brsv-specific titers in the sera of cattle that received both types of vaccines, as determined by a whole cell elisa. using a blocking elisa and radioimmune precipitation it was de ... | 1992 | 1441228 |
| [the use of a virazole aerosol in young children with a respiratory syncytial virus infection]. | the therapeutic effect of aerosol virasol was studied in young infants suffering from rs virus infection with concomitant broncho-obstructive syndrome. the study involved 60 children between 1 month and 4 years of age of whom 30 were treated with virasol and another 30 made a control group. virasol was shown to reduce the severity of the clinical picture to a considerable degree and speed up the recovery in infants with rs virus disease. virasol is recommended for inhalation treatment of infants ... | 1992 | 1441436 |
| shedding of infectious virus and virus antigen during acute infection with respiratory syncytial virus. | shedding of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npa) of hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection was studied using direct antigen detection by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay, rapid identification of infectious virus in centrifugally inoculated cell cultures by immunoperoxidase staining and conventional virus culture. sequential npas, in which also local rsv-specific iga response was measured, were collected from children with proven rsv infection. the sh ... | 1992 | 1460457 |
| pneumonia--a clinical or radiographic diagnosis? etiology and clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection in adults in general practice. | etiology and clinical manifestations have been studied in 153 adult patients with lower respiratory tract infection, and the results are presented according to clinical and radiographic diagnosis. laboratory investigations revealed that bacterial infection, mycoplasma and chlamydia included, occurred as often in 22 patients whose clinical diagnoses of pneumonia were not evident radiographically, as in 20 patients with radiographic pneumonia. in the latter group significantly higher values of ery ... | 1992 | 1465584 |
| radiographic and radionuclide lung perfusion imaging in healthy calves and calves naturally infected with bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | nine calves between three and 18 weeks old with serologically confirmed natural bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection were examined clinically, radiographically and by radionuclide lung perfusion imaging. the results were compared with those from seven healthy calves. the diseased calves were euthanased and examined pathologically, virologically and bacteriologically. the clinical signs indicated that the disease was in an acute stage. radiography of the diseased animals revealed cysts, c ... | 1992 | 1471325 |
| molecular epidemiology of respiratory syncytial virus: rapid identification of subgroup a lineages. | methods for the rapid analysis of samples of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus are described using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) followed by restriction mapping. isolates (either clinical samples or tissue culture grown virus) can readily be divided into subgroups and then further classified into lineages. these methods enable examination of large numbers of isolates by molecular techniques, thereby facilitating research into the molecular epidemiology of the virus. | 1992 | 1474135 |
| susceptibility to infection in relation to sids. | because there is little evidence that invasive bacterial diseases contribute to cot deaths, most studies on infectious causes of sids have focused on viruses or toxin producing bacteria. although epidemiological studies found marginally significant associations between influenza virus and sids, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was isolated from 90% of older infants with sids. there are conflicting reports that some toxigenic bacteria (clostridium botulinum, clostridium difficle, enterotoxigenic ... | 1992 | 1474153 |
| viral infection and alpha interferon in sids. | conventional approaches to virus detection fail to provide convincing evidence in support of a viral aetiology for sids. virus positivity of about 20% in cases of sids is typical of most studies and is similar to that found in control groups. the application of direct immunofluorescence assays (dfa) has increased virus detection rates to 30-40%. constraints imposed by technology, postmortem interval, choice of samples for analysis and the necessary limitation of virus types to be sought may all ... | 1992 | 1474154 |
| detection of respiratory syncytial virus in acute bronchiolitis in infants. | direct detection of respiratory syncytial (rs) virus antigen in nasopharyngeal secretions (nps) provides the most rapid diagnostic test for rs infection, but more sensitive methods might be more beneficial in the study of virus shedding. rs virus rna was extracted from cells stored at -70 degrees c either in suspension with added rnase inhibitor or as a pellet without inhibitor. the rna was reverse transcribed, the resultant cdna amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and detected by ethidiu ... | 1992 | 1474378 |
| use of monoclonal antibodies for rapid diagnosis of respiratory viruses: memorandum from a who meeting. | a monoclonal antibody diagnostic kit (using immunofluorescence) to detect directly viral antigens of respiratory syncytial virus, influenza virus a, influenza virus b, parainfluenza viruses (types 1, 2, and 3), and adenovirus has been developed by who. during 1990 and 1991 a total of 16 laboratories in different parts of the world were invited to test the kit in clinical use. this memorandum summarizes the results obtained as well as the discussions and recommendations made by participants at a ... | 1992 | 1486665 |
| comparison of three immunoassays for the rapid detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (eia) designed for the detection of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) were evaluated for the detection of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) in bovine lungs and the results were compared with those obtained by a direct fluorescent antibody assay (dfa). the eia tests used were directigen eia, kallestad pathfinder eia, and abbott rsv eia. homogenates of lung tissues obtained from 64 cattle that had died of respiratory disease were used; 32 were ... | 1992 | 1501586 |
| direct sequencing of baculovirus genomic dna: sequence determination of the engineered respiratory syncytial virus chimeric fg gene. | primer-directed enzymatic sequencing has proven to be an efficient and effective method for sequencing various size double-stranded dna templates. we previously developed a primer-directed sequencing procedure for using double-stranded cosmid (50 kb) dnas as template. we are interested in using this method to directly sequence larger dna templates. towards this goal we applied this method to directly sequence an engineered gene that had been transferred and integrated into the 130-kb baculovirus ... | 1992 | 1503779 |
| synthesis and antiviral evaluation of n-carboxamidine-substituted analogues of 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamidine hydrochloride. | ten, hitherto unreported, analogues of 1-beta-d-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamidine hydrochloride (2a, ribamidine) and methyl carboximidate 5 have been synthesized. these include the n-cyano (2b), n-alkyl (2c-e), n-amino acid (2f-h), n,n'-disubstituted (6, 7a,b), and the n-methylated carboxamide (1f) analogues of ribavirin. in addition, a new facile synthesis of carboxamidine 2a was also developed. all compounds were evaluated for biological activity against the following rna viruses: p ... | 1992 | 1507208 |
| antibody response of calves to immunoaffinity-purified bovine respiratory syncytial virus vp70 after vaccination and challenge exposure. | immunoaffinity-purified bovine respiratory syncytial virus (brsv) fusion (f) protein elicited anti-brsv-specific antibody responses in brsv-seronegative calves. after primary vaccination, all calves seroconverted to brsv as determined by the virus neutralization (vn) test and developed anti-f protein antibodies detectable by protein immunoblot analyses. subsequent vaccinations induced greater than twofold increase in vn titer in 3 of 9 (33%) calves, and 1 calf became vn-negative, but still had n ... | 1992 | 1510306 |
| effects of protease inhibitors on replication of various myxoviruses. | we studied the effects of eight protease inhibitors on the multicycle replications of various orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses. among the compounds, nafamostat mesilate, camostat mesilate, gabexate mesilate, and aprotinin, which are widely used in the treatment of pancreatitis, inhibited influenza virus a and b replication at concentrations that were significantly lower than their cytotoxic thresholds in vitro. none of the protease inhibitors had activity against respiratory syncytial virus, ... | 1992 | 1510439 |
| evidence of immunosuppression by bovine respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major respiratory pathogen in human infants and calves. calves and lambs infected with bovine rsv show mild clinical signs but they are more susceptible to secondary infection with pasteurella haemolytica. lambs infected with p. haemolytica 6 days after experimental infection with bovine rsv had significantly greater magnitudes of fever, higher disease and lesion scores and higher mortality rates than those infected with p. haemolytica or bovine rsv alone ( ... | 1992 | 1514055 |
| effects of vaccination against 18 immunogens in beef replacement heifers at weaning. | humoral immune responses to vaccination, mean daily body-weight gains, morbidity, and mortality were compared in groups of beef replacement heifers from weaning to 4 months after weaning. the only difference in management among groups of heifers was the number and type of vaccines they received. heifers were vaccinated at weaning (mean age, 205 days) and again 28 days later against 0, 1, 9, 10, 17, or 18 antigens, using commercially available monovalent and multivalent vaccines. the common vacci ... | 1992 | 1517133 |
| active respiratory syncytial virus purified by ion-exchange chromatography: characterization of binding and elution requirements. | two viruses, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) were used to evaluate viral purification by an affinity resin column (matrex cellufine sulfate (mcs); amicon division, wr grace & co.). viable rsv was purified significantly from crude cell lysate by a single pass through a column containing the anionic mcs resin. most cell protein and albumin eluted from the mcs resin with phosphate buffered saline (pbs) but rsv eluted at high ionic strength, i.e., greater than ... | 1992 | 1517352 |