Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [histopathological effects of neem products on larvae of culex quinquefasciatus (say, 1823) (diptera: culicidae)]. | histopathological studies relating to last instars larvae of mosquitoes treated with neem products are very few. the objective were to study the action of neem products on larvae mosquitoes of culex quinquefasciatus. | 2006 | 17633780 |
| patchy stomatal behavior in broad-leaved trees grown in different habitats. | effects of heterogeneity in stomatal behavior on gas-exchange characteristics of leaves from four tree species growing in different climates, including temperate, tropical monsoon and tropical rain forest, were investigated by combining gas-exchange measurements and the pressure-infiltration method. field observations indicated linear relationships between whole-leaf conductance and the ratio of infiltrated to non-infiltrated leaf area (open stomata area) in dipterocarpus sublamellatus foxw. and ... | 2006 | 17169896 |
| a new tetracyclic triterpenoid from the leaves of azadirachta indica. | a new tetracyclic triterpenoid zeeshanol [25,26,27-trinor-apotirucalla-(apoeupha)-6alpha-, 21-dihydroxy, 7alpha-acetoxy, 1,14,22-tri-en-3, 16-dione] (1) along with a known constituent desfurano-6alpha-hydroxyazadiradione (2) have been isolated from the methanolic extract of the leaves of azadirachta indica. the structure and the relative configurations of 1 were determined by the spectroscopic method (1h- and 13c-nmr, ir, and ms) and 2d-nmr experiments. | 2006 | 17127654 |
| synthesis and cytotoxicity of novel isomeric c-seco limonoids. | attempts to cleave the c-ring in the bioactive limonoids characteristic of the species azadirachta indica a. juss using bf(3) x oet(2) and (c(4)h(9))(4)nbr resulted in novel isomeric c-seco limonoids. structure related cytotoxic properties of the isomers and the native compounds have been studied using brine shrimp lethality bioassay (bslb) method and molecular descriptors viz., theoretical and chromatographic hydrophobicity constants, oxidation state and molecular modelling studies. the o-o dia ... | 2006 | 16782238 |
| soil application of azadirachtin and 3-tigloyl-azadirachtol to control western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (thysanoptera: thripidae): translocation and persistence in bean plants. | to study the systemic effects of active neem ingredients, the substrate of bean plants was treated with a 170 g kg(-1) azadirachtin (neemazal-u; trifolio-m gmbh, lahnau, germany, registration pending). this product was used at a dose rate of 10 mg aza (azadirachtin a) and 1.2 mg 3-tigloyl-azadirachtol (azadirachtin b) per treated bean plant. afterwards, the translocation and persistence of aza and 3-tigloyl-azadirachtol and the effects on western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergan ... | 2006 | 16752388 |
| cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects induced by a non terpenoid polar extract of a. indica seeds on 3t6 murine fibroblasts in culture. | neem oil is a natural product obtained from the seeds of the tree azadirachta indica. its composition is very complex and the oil exhibits a number of biological activities. the most studied component is the terpenoid azadirachtin which is used for its insecticidal and putative antimicrobial properties. in this report we investigate the biological activity of partially purified components of the oil obtained from a. indica. we show that the semi-purified fractions have moderate to strong cytotox ... | 2006 | 16652209 |
| prediction of desiccation sensitivity in seeds of woody species: a probabilistic model based on two seed traits and 104 species. | seed desiccation sensitivity limits the ex situ conservation of up to 47 % of plant species, dependent on habitat. whilst desirable, empirically determining desiccation tolerance levels in seeds of all species is unrealistic. a probabilistic model for the rapid identification of woody species at high risk of displaying seed desiccation sensitivity is presented. | 2006 | 16464874 |
| a new flavanoid from the flowers of azadirachta indica. | studies on the chemical constituents of the flowers of azadirachta indica have led to the isolation of one new flavanone named as azharone (5,7,4'-trihydroxy-3'-(3''-methyl-2'',3''-epoxybutyl)flavan-4-one (3)) along with two known constituents azadirone (1), and isoazadironolide (2). their structures have been elucidated through spectral studies including 2d-nmr (cosy-45, noesy, j-resolved, hmqc, hmbc) experiments. | 2006 | 16401554 |
| anticancer effects of ethanolic neem leaf extract on prostate cancer cell line (pc-3). | prostate cancer (pc) is the most prevalent cancer and the leading cause of male cancer death. azadirachta indica (neem tree) has been used successfully centuries to reduce tumors by herbalists throughout southeast asia. here the present study indicated that an ethanolic extract of neem has been shown to cause cell death of prostate cancer cells (pc-3) by inducing apoptosis as evidenced by a dose-dependent increase in dna fragmentation and a decrease in cell viability. western blot studies indica ... | 2006 | 16378700 |
| an inventory of the ethnobotanicals used as anthelmintics in the southern punjab (pakistan). | a survey was conducted in southern punjab, pakistan, in order to document existing ethnobotanical knowledge by the herdsmen/key respondents about anthelmintics in ruminants. a 3-satge process was used to document the plants being used to treat and/or control helminthes. this paper describes 29 plants to treat helminthosis in ruminants. the main plants used were lamium amplexicaule l., mallotus philippinensis muell., withania somnifera (l.) dunal., azadirachta indica a. juss., and citrullus coloc ... | 2006 | 16730420 |
| medicinal plants useful for malaria therapy in okeigbo, ondo state, southwest nigeria. | there is increasing resistance of malaria parasites to chloroquine, the cheapest and commonly used drug for malaria in nigeria. artemisin, a product from medicinal plant indigenous to china, based on active principle of artemisia annua, has been introduced into the nigerian market. however not much has been done to project antimalaria properties of indigenous medicinal plants. this study thus, has the main objective of presenting medicinal plants used for malaria therapy in okeigbo, ondo state, ... | 2006 | 20162091 |
| effects of a neem extract on blood feeding, oviposition and oocyte ultrastructure in anopheles stephensi liston (diptera: culicidae). | secondary metabolites of the neem tree (azadirachta indica a. juss., meliaceae) exhibit a wide range of biological activities in insects. however, few studies have addressed the effects of neem extracts or compounds in arthropods of medical importance. in this study, a laboratory strain of anopheles stephensi was used to assess the effects of a commercial formulation (neem azal) (na)), containing azadirachtin a at 34%, on blood feeding, oviposition and oocyte ultrastructure. oral administration ... | 2006 | 17097701 |
| effective method for extraction of larvicidal component from leaves of azadirachta indica and artemisia annua linn. | leaves of artemisia annua linn. and azadirachta indica were extracted in petroleum ether and hexane respectively by different methods of extraction i.e. cold extraction, reflux extraction and soxhlet extraction. the crude extract obtained was tested against third instar larvae of anopheles stephensi. on comparison of larval mortality of crude extract obtained by these three methods, both soxhlet and reflux extraction method showed 100% mortality at 200 ppm after 48 hr in case of a. annua. howeve ... | 2006 | 16850885 |
| a comparative study on the effect of plant extracts with the antibiotics on organisms of hospital origin. | thirty five plants belonging to twenty families were studied for their antimicrobial activity. among the plants tested, 43 % showed antimicrobial activity. fifteen plants belonging to 10 families exhibited activity against gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria. four plants namely azadirachta indica, garadenia jasminoides, magnifera indica, and wrightia tinctora showed an appreciable activity against the gram positive bacteria and seven plants against gram negative organisms. leaf ext ... | 2006 | 22557227 |
| neem (azadirachta indica) leaf preparation induces prophylactic growth inhibition of murine ehrlich carcinoma in swiss and c57bl/6 mice by activation of nk cells and nk-t cells. | we have reported earlier that pretreatment of mice with neem leaf preparation (nlp) causes prophylactic growth inhibition of murine ehrlich's carcinoma (ec) and b16 melanoma. using adoptive cell transfer technology, here we have established that nlp-mediated activation of immune cells may be involved in tumor growth restriction. mononuclear cells from blood and spleen of nlp-activated swiss and c57bl/6 mice causes enhanced cytotoxicity to murine ec cells in vitro. fractionation of spleen cells e ... | 2006 | 17015147 |
| chemopreventative strategies targeting the mgmt repair protein: augmented expression in human lymphocytes and tumor cells by ethanolic and aqueous extracts of several indian medicinal plants. | o6-alkylguanines are potent mutagenic, pro-carcinogenic and cytotoxic lesions induced by exogenous and endogenous alkylating agents. a facilitated elimination of these lesions by increasing the activity of o6-methylguanine-dna methyltransferase (mgmt) is likely to be a beneficial chemoprevention strategy, which, however, has not been examined. because, a marginal enhancement of this protein may be adequate for genomic protection, we studied alterations in mgmt activity and expression in human pe ... | 2006 | 17016661 |
| inhibition of aflatoxin b production of aspergillus flavus, isolated from soybean seeds by certain natural plant products. | the inhibitory effect of cowdung fumes, captan, leaf powder of withania somnifera, hyptis suaveolens, eucalyptus citriodora, peel powder of citrus sinensis, citrus medica and punica granatum, neem cake and pongamia cake and spore suspension of trichoderma harzianum and aspergillus niger on aflatoxin b(1) production by toxigenic strain of aspergillus flavus isolated from soybean seeds was investigated. | 2006 | 17032218 |
| antioxidative and modifying effects of a tropical plant azadirachta indica (neem) on azoxymethane-induced preneoplastic lesions in the rat colon. | the purpose of the present study was to examine whether neem leaf (azadirachta indica) has short-term chemopreventive effects on endpoint preneoplastic lesions involved in rat colon carcinogenesis and might also exert antioxidative activity. forty- two male f344 rats were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups. groups 1 to 4 were given a subcutaneous injection of azoxymethane (aom, 20 mg/kg body weight) once a week for 2 weeks. starting one week before the first injection of aom, rats in gr ... | 2006 | 17059347 |
| [toxicity of neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) formulations for twospotted spider mite and euseius alatus de leon and phytoseiulus macropilis (banks) (acari: phytoseiidae)]. | the toxicity of selected commercial formulations of neem on tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae) and two predatory mites euseius alatus de leon and phytoseiulus macropilis (banks) was studied. topical toxicity was tested with the commercial formulations (natuneem, neemseto and callneem) and extract of neem's seeds at concentration 1%, compared to the standard acaricide abamectin at concentration of 0.3 ml/l and the control treatment (distilled water). based on the best performance aga ... | 2006 | 17061799 |
| repellency of mygga natural spray (para-menthane-3,8-diol) and rb86 (neem oil) against the tick ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) in the field in east-central sweden. | in the field in south-central sweden, we tested by randomised, standardised methodology the potential anti-tick repellent activity of two concentrations of mygga natural spray (containing pmd) (4.2 and 3.2 g/m2) and one of rb86 (with 70% neem oil containing azadirachtin) (3 g/m2) to host seeking nymphs of ixodes ricinus. each substance was applied separately to 1 m2 cotton flannel cloths. nymphal ticks on the cloths, pulled over the vegetation, were recorded at 10-m stops. nymphal numbers record ... | 2006 | 17103083 |
| fractions of an antimalarial neem-leaf extract have activities superior to chloroquine, and are gametocytocidal. | the antimalarial activities of two fractions (irdn-a and irdn-b) of an extract from the leaves of the neem tree (azadirachta indica) were compared with those of chloroquine, in in-vitro assays against plasmodium falciparum. the asexual stages of a chloroquine-sensitive clone (itg2f6) and a chloroquine-resistant isolate (w2) and the gametocytes of the nf 54 (bd-7) isolate of p. falciparum were used as the drug targets. activity against the asexual stages was generally evaluated as the concentrati ... | 2006 | 16417709 |
| preventive effects of azadirachta indica on benzo(a)pyrene-dna adduct formation in murine forestomach and hepatic tissues. | in the present investigation, the effects of aqueous azadirachta indica leaf extract (aaile) on (3)h-benzo(a)pyrene-dna [(3)h-b(a)p-dna] adduct formation, the status of biotransformation enzymes and reduced glutathione (gsh) content were evaluated in the forestomach and liver of balb/c mice. two weeks of aaile treatment reduced the (3)h-b(a)p-dna adduct levels by 31.6% in forestomach tissue. similarly, (3)h-b(a)p-dna adduct levels were decreased by 34.7% in the liver of aaile treated mice compar ... | 2006 | 16909440 |
| native kenyan plants as possible alternatives to methyl bromide in soil fumigation. | methyl bromide (ch3br) is a biocidal fumigant used widely in crop production and commodity preservation worldwide. ch3br escapes to the stratosphere and releases bromine atom (br), which contributes to significant destruction of the ozone (o3). it is therefore necessary to explore alternatives to ch3br that are environmentally safe and suitable for resource-poor african farmers. we present here the results of a study on the inhibitory activity of crude extracts from kenyan medicinal plants again ... | 2006 | 16920513 |
| evaluation of spray-dried lignin-based formulations and adjuvants as solar protectants for the granulovirus of the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l). | commercial formulations of the codling moth, cydia pomonella l., granulovirus (cpgv) are limited by their short residual activity under orchard conditions in the pacific northwest. we evaluated spray-dried lignin-encapsulated formulations of cpgv for improved solar stability based on laboratory bioassays with a solar simulator and in field tests in an infested apple orchard. in laboratory tests, aqueous lignin formulations containing a high dosage of 3 x 10(10) occlusion bodies (ob)/l, with and ... | 2006 | 16774766 |
| pretreatment with neem (azadirachta indica) leaf preparation in swiss mice diminishes leukopenia and enhances the antitumor activity of cyclophosphamide. | cancer chemotherapy is associated with several life threatening complications, including bone marrow suppression and leucopenia. to overcome this problem, colony stimulating factor (csf), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (gcsf) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (gmcsf), can be used, however, these therapeutics are expensive and have several disadvantages, including tumor growth promoting activities. this study attempted to use an immunostimulatory neem (azadirachta indica ... | 2006 | 16807877 |
| fungal endophyte assemblages from ethnopharmaceutically important medicinal trees. | endophytic fungi represent an interesting group of microorganisms associated with the healthy tissues of terrestrial plants. they represent a large reservoir of genetic diversity. fungal endophytes were isolated from the inner bark segments of ethnopharmaceutically important medicinal tree species, namely terminalia arjuna, crataeva magna, azadirachta indica, holarrhena antidysenterica, terminalia chebula, and butea monosperma (11 individual trees), growing in different regions of southern india ... | 2006 | 16699567 |
| modulatory effects of azadirachta indica on benzo(a)pyrene-induced forestomach tumorigenesis in mice. | to evaluate the chemopreventive effects of aqueous azadirachta indica (a indica) leaf extract (aaile) against benzo(a)pyrene [b(a)p]-induced forestomach tumorigenesis in balb/c mice. | 2006 | 16718763 |
| in vitro screening of six anthelmintic plant products against larval haemonchus contortus with a modified methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium reduction assay. | because of the increasing anthelmintic resistance and the impact of conventional anthelmintics on the environment, it is important to look for alternative strategies against gastrointestinal nematodes. phytotherapy could be one of the major options to control these pathologies. extracts or ingredients of six different plant species were tested against exsheathed infective larvae of haemonchus contortus using a modified methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (mtt) reduction assay. pyrantel tartrate was use ... | 2006 | 16725288 |
| scabies. | scabies is a neglected parasitic disease that is a major public health problem in many resource-poor regions. it causes substantial morbidity from secondary infections and post-infective complications such as acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. disease control requires treatment of the affected individual and all people they have been in contact with, but is often hampered by inappropriate or delayed diagnosis, poor treatment compliance, and improper use of topical compounds such as per ... | 2006 | 16731272 |
| extract of azadirachta indica (neem) leaf induces apoptosis in rat oocytes cultured in vitro. | to determine whether aqueous neem leaf extract (nle) could induce degeneration of rat oocytes and, if so, whether apoptosis is involved during nle-induced degeneration of oocytes cultured in vitro. | 2006 | 16616096 |
| enhancement of immune responses to neem leaf extract (azadirachta indica) correlates with antineoplastic activity in balb/c-mice. | an aqueous plant extract from azadirachta indica and its chromatographic fraction f1 (neem extract) exerted immunomodulating and antimetastatic activities in balb/ c-mice. regular subcutaneous administration of neem extract yielded significantly increased spleen weight and significant enhancement of peritoneal macrophage activity in the chemiluminescence assay, and activation marker cd-44 expression. the thymus weight and thymocyte counts did not show significant differences in the control and n ... | 2006 | 16634526 |
| botanical insecticides, deterrents, and repellents in modern agriculture and an increasingly regulated world. | botanical insecticides have long been touted as attractive alternatives to synthetic chemical insecticides for pest management because botanicals reputedly pose little threat to the environment or to human health. the body of scientific literature documenting bioactivity of plant derivatives to arthropod pests continues to expand, yet only a handful of botanicals are currently used in agriculture in the industrialized world, and there are few prospects for commercial development of new botanical ... | 2006 | 16332203 |
| inhibition of colon cancer (ht-29) cell proliferation by a triterpenoid isolated from azadirachta indica is accompanied by cell cycle arrest and up-regulation of p21. | nimbolide, a natural triterpenoid present in the edible parts of the neem tree ( azadirachta indica), was found to be growth-inhibitory in human colon carcinoma ht-29 cells. nimbolide treatment of cells at 2.5 - 10 microm resulted in moderate to very strong growth inhibition. flow cytometric analysis of ht-29 cells showed that nimbolide treatment (2.5 microm, 12 h) caused a 6.5-fold increase in the number of cells (55.6 %) in the g2/m phase compared with the control cells (8.8 %). at 48 h, the c ... | 2006 | 16858664 |
| effect of aqueous extract of neem (azadirachta indica) leaves on offensive and diffensive gastric mucosal factors in rats. | standardized aqueous extract of neem (azadirachta indica) leaves (aie) has been reported to show both ulcer protective and ulcer healing effects in normal as well as in diabetic rats. to study the mechanism of its ulcer protective/healing actions, effects of aie (500 mg/ kg) was studied on various parameters of offensive acid-pepsin secretion in 4 hr pylorus ligation, pentagastrin (penta, 5 microg/kg/hr)-stimulated acid secretion and gastric mucosal proton pump activity and defensive mucin secre ... | 2006 | 17193895 |
| prophylactic dose of neem (azadirachta indica) leaf preparation restricting murine tumor growth is nontoxic, hematostimulatory and immunostimulatory. | significant restriction of growth of ehrlich's carcinoma was observed following prophylactic treatment on swiss albino mice with neem leaf preparation (nlp-1 unit) once weekly for four weeks. toxic effects of this particular dose (1 unit), along with 0.5 unit and 2 units of nlp doses, were evaluated on different murine physiological systems. one hundred percent of mice could tolerate 4 injections of 0.5 and 1 unit nlp doses. body weight, different organ-body weight ratios and physical behavior o ... | 2006 | 16684666 |
| [use of neem extract in the control of acariasis by myobia musculi schranck (acari: miobidae) and myocoptes musculinus koch (acari: listrophoridae) in mice (mus musculus var. albina l.)]. | the objective of this work was to evaluate the acaricide action of neem extract formulated as a pomatum in the treatment of acariasis in mice (mus musculus var. albina l.) naturally infected by myobia musculi schranck and myocoptes musculinus koch. twenty parasitized animals were chosen and distributed in four groups: control (vaseline), 5%, 10% and 20% of neem. the animals were treated at 48h intervals and maintained in cages with food and water ad libitum and accompanied daily for 24 days. the ... | 2006 | 17348141 |
| fusarium semitectum, a potential mycopathogen against thrips and mites in chilli, capsicum annuum. | in india, chilli (capsicum annuum l.) suffers with a characteristic leaf curl symptoms due to the attack of mite, polyphagotarsonemus latus (banks) (acari: tarsonemidae) and thrips, scirtothrips dorsalis hood (thysanoptera: thripidae) or both. experiments were conducted in the fields of college of agriculture, shimoga, india during kharif (september 2003 to january 2004) and summer (march-june) 2004. after proving its pathogenicity, the potential of the mycopathogen, fusarium semitectum was eval ... | 2006 | 17385513 |
| synthesis and biological activity of amide derivatives of nimbolide. | nimbolide (1), a limonoid isolated from azadirachta indica, is the chief cytotoxic principle in neem leaves extract. using nimbolide as a lead compound for anti-cancer analogue design, a series of nimbolide derivatives have been synthesized and evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activity against a panel of human cancer cell lines. out of 10 compounds screened 2g, 2h and 2i showed potent activity. | 2006 | 16793266 |
| biological monitoring of roadside plants exposed to vehicular pollution in jalgaon city. | experiments on air and biomonitoring were conducted to evaluate pollution impact on the vegetation along the road in jalgaon city, maharashtra. the plantation along the roads and mainly includes neem (aadirachta indica), peepal (ficus religiosa), banyan (ficus benghalensis), almond (terminalia catapa). for biomonitoring, leaf area, total chlorophyll, plant protein were analyzed to study the impact of air pollutants. it was observed that vegetation at roadside with heavy traffic and markets was m ... | 2006 | 17436536 |
| bioefficacy of some plant derivatives that protect grain against the pulse beetle, callosobruchus maculatus. | experiments were conducted to study the bioefficacies of different plant/weed derivatives that affect the development of the pulse beetle, callosobruchus maculates f. (coleoptera: bruchidae) fed on black gram, vigna mungo, seeds. plant extracts, powder, ash and oil from nishinda (vitex negundo l.), eucalyptus (eucalyptus globules labill.), bankalmi (ipomoea sepiaria k.), neem (azadirachta indica l.), safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.), sesame (sesamum indicum l.) and bablah (acacia arabica l.) ... | 2006 | 19537990 |
| effect of aqueous extract from neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) on hydrophobicity, biofilm formation and adhesion in composite resin by candida albicans. | azadirachta indica, a meliaceae family tree, has been used in india for many years in the treatment of several diseases in medicine and dentistry. current research analyses the effects of the leaf aqueous extract from azadirachta indica (neem) on the adhesion, cell surface hydrophobicity and biofilm formation, which may affect the colonisation by candida albicans. | 2006 | 16412377 |
| behavioural responses and changes in biology of rice leaffolder following treatment with a combination of bacterial toxins and botanical insecticides. | ingestion of the bacterial toxins bacillus thuringiensis (berliner) sub sp kurstaki, neem seed kernel extract and vitex negundo l. (lamiales:verbenaceae) leaf extract to the rice leaffolder (rlf), cnaphalocrocis medinalis (guenée) (lepidoptera: pyralidae), resulted in altered leaf-folding behaviour and biology. in laboratory experiments, treatment with plant extracts and bacterial toxins suppressed leaf folding behaviour of c. medinalis. larvae fed lower doses moulted into progressive instars, b ... | 2006 | 16524618 |
| effect of biopesticides on the lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) of the rice leaffolder, cnaphalocrocis medinalis (guenée) (insecta: lepidoptera: pyralidae). | the effects of bacterial toxins (bacillus thuringiensis) and botanical insecticides (azadirachta indica and vitex negundo) on lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) activity in cnaphalocrocis medinalis (guenée) (the rice leaffolder) were evaluated. bacterial toxins and botanical insecticides affected the ldh activity individually and in combination. when they were combined, the effect was more severe at low concentration. there was a decrease in enzyme activity over controls at all concentrations tested. t ... | 2006 | 16033698 |
| comparison of free radical scavenging activity of siamese neem tree (azadirachta indica a. juss var. siamensis valeton) leaf extracts prepared by different methods of extraction. | the aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activity of the aqueous extracts of leaves of siamese neem tree (azadirachta indica a. juss var. siamensis valeton) from several extracting and drying methods using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (dpph)-scavenging assay. | 2006 | 16651839 |
| inhibitory effects of azadirachta indica on dmba-induced skin carcinogenesis in balb/c mice. | male balb/c mice were divided into four groups on the basis of their respective treatments wherein mice of group i served as controls. for induction of skin tumors, mice of group ii and iv were injected sub-cutaneously with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (dmba). mice of group iii and iv were administered aqueous azadirachta indica leaf extract (aaile) thrice a week throughout the experiment. after 14 weeks of the first dmba injection, group ii and iv mice developed tumors. in the tumor-bearing m ... | 2006 | 16444585 |
| anthelmintic activity of azadirachta indica a. juss against sheep gastrointestinal nematodes. | gastrointestinal nematode control has been performed through use of anthelmintics. however, the development of resistant populations has required research into new alternatives. there are popular reports about anti-parasitic activity of azadirachta indica in animals and plants. the aim of this study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of a. indica after feeding sheep with the dried leaves. in this experiment, 40 sheep were allotted into four treatment groups. group i received a treatment o ... | 2006 | 16517074 |
| daily feeding of fresh neem leaves (azadirachta indica) for worm control in sheep. | this study was conducted to evaluate the anthelmintic effect of neem (azadirachta indica) on nematode parasites of sheep. twelve santa ines cross bred sheep from a government farm were randomly selected and equally divided into control (n = 6) and treated groups (n =6). faecal egg counts (fec) using the modified mcmaster technique and the famacha score for assessing clinical anaemia were carried out daily and recorded for 6 weeks. at the end of the study all the animals were slaughtered and the ... | 2006 | 17041548 |
| chemomodulatory effects of azadirachta indica on the hepatic status of skin tumor bearing mice. | the liver plays an important role in the modulation of the process of carcinogenesis, as it is the primary site for the biotransformation of xenobiotics including carcinogens as well as anticancer drugs. the present study was designed to evaluate the biochemical alterations occurring in the liver of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (dmba) induced skin tumor bearing male balb/c mice and their modulation by aqueous azadirachta indica leaf extract (aaile). it was observed that skin tumor induction ca ... | 2006 | 16521106 |
| screening of traditional antidiabetic medicinal plants of mauritius for possible alpha-amylase inhibitory effects in vitro. | in this study, seven exotic/indigenous medicinal plants of mauritius, namely coix lacryma-jobi (poaceae), aegle marmelos (rutaceae), artocarpus heterophyllus (moraceae), vangueria madagascariensis (rubiaceae), azadirachta indica (meliaceae), eriobotrya japonica (rosaceae) and syzigium cumini (myrtaceae) were studied for possible effects on starch breakdown by alpha-amylase in vitro. the results showed that only artocarpus heterophyllus significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited alpha-amylase activity in ... | 2006 | 16521114 |
| antimicrobial emulsion (coating) based on biopolymer containing neem (melia azardichta) and turmeric (curcuma longa) extract for wound covering. | polymeric bio-adhesives emulsion which is biodegradable and non-toxic containing antimicrobial agents can play an important role in preventing infection in wound covering and coating for surgical implants. therefore a bioadhesive polymer was synthesized by semi-interpenetrating network process using blend of shellac, casein and polyvinyl alcohol and maleic anhydride (ma) as reactive compatibilizer. the synthesized polymer was mixed with neem and turmeric extract and homogenized using an emulsifi ... | 2006 | 17075168 |
| anti-plasmodial activity and toxicity of extracts of plants used in traditional malaria therapy in meru and kilifi districts of kenya. | the methanol and aqueous extracts of 10 plant species (acacia nilotica, azadirachta indica, carissa edulis, fagaropsis angolensis, harrissonia abyssinica, myrica salicifolia, neoboutonia macrocalyx, strychnos heningsii, withania somnifera and zanthoxylum usambarensis) used to treat malaria in meru and kilifi districts, kenya, were tested for brine shrimp lethality and in vitro anti-plasmodial activity against chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum (nf54 ... | 2006 | 16530996 |
| a new shampoo based on neem (azadirachta indica) is highly effective against head lice in vitro. | because topical compounds based on insecticidal chemicals are the mainstay of head lice treatment, but resistance is increasing, alternatives, such as herbs and oils are being sold to treat head lice. to test a commercial shampoo based on seed extract of azadirachta indica (neem tree) for its in vitro effect, head lice (n=17) were collected from school children in australia and immersed in wash-away louse shampoo (alpha-biocare gmbh, germany). vitality was evaluated for more than 3 h by examinat ... | 2006 | 16568334 |
| interspecific variation in vessel size, growth and drought tolerance of broad-leaved trees in semi-arid regions of kenya. | in semi-arid regions, trees often wither during the dry season. withering is sometimes manifest as die-back, whereby whithering results in shoot death, which progresses downward from the uppermost part of the crown. in this study, we measured the relationships between height growth and diameter at breast height, die-back frequency and severity, vessel size and specific hydraulic conductivity of four evergreen (senna siamea (lamk) h.s. irwin & barneby, jacaranda mimosifolia d. don, azadirachta in ... | 2006 | 16585035 |
| mitigating nitrous oxide and methane emissions from soil in rice-wheat system of the indo-gangetic plain with nitrification and urease inhibitors. | mitigation of methane (ch4) and nitrous oxide (n2o) emissions from soil is important to reduce the global warming. efficacy of five nitrification inhibitors, i.e. neem (azadirachta melia) cake, thiosulphate, coated calcium carbide, neem oil coated urea and dicyandiamide (dcd) and one urease inhibitor, hydroquinone, in mitigating n2o and ch4 emissions from fertilized soil was tested in rice-wheat system in the indo-gangetic plains. the closed chamber technique was used for the collection of gas s ... | 2005 | 15571746 |
| changes in sertoli cells of albino rats induced by azadirachta indica a. juss leaves. | azadirachta indica leaf powder, 0.05 mg testosterone, or combined leaf powder + testosterone was administered for 48 days to different groups of 3-month-old albino rats. twenty-four hours after the final dose, the treated animals received mild ether anesthesia and the testes were dissected out and processed for light and electron microscope studies. animals treated with a. indica leaf powder showed damaged tubules and exhibited an abundance of vacuoles, including inter-cellular spaces and intra- ... | 2005 | 16187487 |
| ultrastructural changes in leydig cells and cauda epididymal spermatozoa induced by azadirachta indica leaves in albino rats. | the effects of azadirachta indica leaves (500 mg/kg body weight, orally/day), testosterone (0.25 mg/kg body weight/day, intramuscularly) and a combination of these two were investigated as to whether azadirachta indica leaves affect the morphology of leydig cells and epididymal sperm and their organelles at the ultrastructural level. azadirachta indica treated rats showed atrophic seminiferous tubules with widening intercellular spaces. leydig cells exhibited characteristics of degeneration such ... | 2005 | 16220567 |
| quinone reductase inducers in azadirachta indica a. juss flowers, and their mechanisms of action. | we have previously shown that the flowers of neem tree (azadirachta indica a. juss, family meliaceae), thai variety, strongly induced the activity of glutathione s-transferase (gst) while resulting in a significant reduction in the activities of some cytochrome p(450)-dependent monooxygenases in rat liver, and possess cancer chemopreventive potential against chemically-induced mammary gland and liver carcinogenesis in rats. in the present study, 2 chemicals possessing strong qr inducing activity ... | 2005 | 16235984 |
| studies on the management of root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita-wilt fungus, fusarium oxysporum disease complex of green gram, vigna radiata cv ml-1108. | studies were conducted under pot conditions to determine the comparative efficacy of carbofuran at 1 mg a.i./kg soil, bavistin at 1 mg a.i./kg soil, neem (azadirachta indica) seed powder at 50 mg/kg soil, green mould (trichoderma harzianum) at 50.0 ml/kg soil, rhizobacteria (pseudomonas fluorescens) at 50.0 ml/kg soil against root-knot nematode, meloidogyne incognita-wilt fungus, fusarium oxysporum disease complex on green gram, vigna radiata cv ml-1108. all the treatments significantly improved ... | 2005 | 16052706 |
| phase i safety study of praneem polyherbal vaginal tablet use among hiv-uninfected women in pune, india. | praneem polyherbal formulations containing purified extracts of azadirachta indica (neem tree) have shown activity against hiv and sexually transmitted disease pathogens in studies in vitro. the product also has contraceptive properties. this has prompted its development as a possible microbicide. we evaluated the safety of praneem polyherbal tablet use among hiv-uninfected women. twenty eligible women were enrolled in a phase i open-label study requiring 14 days of consecutive intravaginal use ... | 2005 | 16084547 |
| phenolic acids in neem (azadirachta indica): a major pre-existing secondary metabolites. | high performance liquid chromatographic (hplc) analyses of various parts (fresh and dry bark of stem, mature and tender leaves, flower and different parts of fruit, i.e., raw and ripe fruit epicarp, mesocarp and seed) of neem (azadirachta indica), which occupies an important place in socio-cultural-religious life in indian communities, indicate that neem is rich in pre-existing secondary metabolites (phenolic acids). dry bark showed only tannic acid but in fresh bark three phenolic acids were ob ... | 2005 | 16093234 |
| effect of dianex, a herbal formulation on experimentally induced diabetes mellitus. | dianex, a polyherbal formulation consisting of the aqueous extracts of gymnema sylvestre, eugenia jambolana, momordica charantia azadirachta indica, cassia auriculata, aegle marmelose, withania somnifera and curcuma longa was screened for hypoglycemic activity in normal and streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. dianex was administered in different doses of 100-500 mg/kg/day orally in acute (6 h) and long-term (6 weeks) studies. blood glucose levels were checked 2-6 h after treatment in acute stu ... | 2005 | 16106394 |
| effect of herbal polyphenols on atherogenic transcriptome. | the ancient indian system of medicine supports the antiatherogenic properties of some herbs. the crosstalk amongst the genes coding for ldlr, lxralpha, ppars (alpha,gamma), cd-36 and c-myc may be important in atherogenesis because these genes control lipid metabolism, cytokine production and cellular activity within the arterial wall. hence, we attempted for the first time to explore whether or not the polyphenols extracted from medicinal herbs had any effect on the transcription of these genes. ... | 2005 | 16180103 |
| antioxidant activity of siamese neem tree (vp1209). | leaves, fruits, flowers and stem bark extracts from the siamese neem tree (azadirachta indica a. juss var. siamensis valeton, meliaceae) were assessed for antioxidant activity in vitro using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (dpph) scavenging assay, total antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation in chago k1 cancer cell culture by the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (tbars) method. the results showed that leaf aqueous extract, flower and stem bark ethanol extracts exhibi ... | 2005 | 15848028 |
| hymenopteran parasitoids of diamondback moth (lepidoptera: ypeunomutidae) in northern thailand. | larvae of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lepidoptera: ypeunomutidae), cause severe economic damage to cabbage, brassica oleracea l. variety capitata (brassicaceae) and related vegetables in thailand. overuse of broad-spectrum insecticides for diamondback moth control is a serious problem and has obscured the contributions of indigenous parasitoids. our objectives were to identify indigenous diamondback moth parasitoids in northern thailand and to assess their potential for natur ... | 2005 | 15889737 |
| azadirachtin-impregnated traps for the control of dermanyssus gallinae. | the effect of neem oil (azadirachtin), originating from the tree azadirachta indica, was investigated as a potential compound to control the poultry red mite, dermanyssus gallinae. in vitro tests were performed to determine the most appropriate formulation of neem extracts and concentration of the substance to be used. cardboard traps containing 20% neem oil were placed at the mites' aggregation sites, out of reach of the hens, in a floor system for layers containing approximately 2400 birds. tr ... | 2005 | 15890446 |
| immunostimulatory neem leaf preparation acts as an adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of poorly immunogenic b16 melanoma surface antigen vaccine. | immunogenecity of the poorly immunogenic b16 melanoma cell surface antigen (b16melsag) was enhanced by combining b16melsag with nlp in c57bl/6 mice, as evidenced by elisa and flow cytometry. nlp was as effective as freund's complete and incomplete adjuvant to generate antibodies recognizing the b16melsag. the nlp generated antibody was a gamma globulin with a subtype of igg1. splenic lymphocytes from b16melsag+nlp treated mice proliferated more rapidly in vitro when stimulated by specific (b16me ... | 2005 | 15914339 |
| extracts of azadirachta indica and melia azedarach seeds inhibit folliculogenesis in albino rats. | the seed oil of azadirachta indica a. juss (neem) is used in traditional medicine for its antidiabetic, spermicidal, antifertility, antibacterial, and wound healing properties. the present study was undertaken to investigate the quantitative aspects of follicular development in cyclic female albino rats (135 +/- 10 g; 8 groups with 6 animals in each group) after oral administration of polar (pf) and non-polar (npf) fractions of a. indica seed extract at 3 and 6 mg kg body weight-1 day-1 and meli ... | 2005 | 15933789 |
| morphological alterations in toxigenic aspergillus parasiticus exposed to neem (azadirachta indica) leaf and seed aqueous extracts. | the mode of action of the extracts prepared from neem plant i.e., azadirachta indica on aflatoxin formation in toxigenic aspergillus species is not well understood. aflatoxin production by a. parasiticus was suppressed depending on the concentration of the plant aqueous extract (0, 1.56, 3.12, 6.25, 12.5, and 50% v/v) added to the culture media at the time of spore inoculation. aflatoxin production in fungal mycelia grown for 96 h in culture media containing 50% neem leaf and seed extracts was i ... | 2005 | 15983743 |
| concurrent administration of aqueous azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract with doca-salt prevents the development of hypertension and accompanying electrocardiogram changes in the rat. | the effect of concurrent administration of azadirachta indica leaf extract with doca-salt was investigated in the development of hypertension.over 5-6 week old, inbred male wistar rats with a starting weight of 190 g were given either: (1) twice weekly subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of vehicle (soyabean oil, 0.25 ml per animal) for the first 2 weeks, plus normal drinking water (controls); (2) twice weekly (s.c.) injections (weeks 1 and 2 only) of 15 mg/kg doca dissolved in vehicle, plus drinking ... | 2005 | 16220573 |
| neuroprotective effect of azadirachta indica on cerebral post-ischemic reperfusion and hypoperfusion in rats. | we assessed the effect of azadirachta indica (a. indica), a plant that has been reported to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anxiolytic properties, on cerebral reperfusion injury and long term cerebral hypoperfusion. when blood flow to brain region that has undergone critical period of ischemia is re-established, additional injury is to be expected from the reperfusion. in the present study, bilateral common carotid artery (bcca) occlusion for 30 min followed by 45 min reperfusion resu ... | 2005 | 15670613 |
| isoprene emission from tropical tree species. | foliar emission of isoprene was measured in nine commonly growing tree species of delhi, india. dynamic flow enclosure technique was used and gas samples were collected onto tenax-gc/carboseive cartridges, which were then attached to the sample injection system in the gas chromatograph (gc). eluting compounds were analysed using a flame ionisation detector (fid). out of the nine tree species, isoprene emission was found in six species (eucalyptus sp., ficus benghalensis, ficus religiosa, mangife ... | 2005 | 15701397 |
| antifilarial activity of azadirachta indica on cattle filarial parasite setaria cervi. | alcohol and aqueous extracts of flowers of azadirachta indica were tested in vitro for their potential antifilarial activity against whole worm, nerve muscle (n.m.) preparation and microfilariae of setaria cervi. the effects of alcohol and aqueous extracts were similar in nature on the spontaneous movements of whole worm and nerve muscle preparation. on the whole worm, the response was characterized by initial increase in tone, rate and amplitude of contractions followed by reversible paralysis. ... | 2005 | 15664463 |
| fungitoxicity of some higher plants and synergistic activity of their essential oils against sclerotium rolfsii sacc. causing foot-rot disease of barley. | twenty five plant species were screened for their volatile components against hyphal growth and sclerotia formation of sclerotium rolfsii causing foot rot disease of barley (hordeum vulgare). leaves of chenopodium ambrosioides (ca), lippia alba (la), azadirachta indica (ai) and eucalyptus globulus (eg) were found to be strongly toxic. their volatile active factors were isolated in the form of essential oils which were tested for toxicity individually and in six combinations (1:1 v/v) viz. ca-la, ... | 2005 | 18697732 |
| effect of aqueous leaf extract of azadirachta indica on the reproductive organs in male mice. | effect of oral administration (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight/day, for 28 days) of aqucous leaf extract of neem (azadirachta indica) on the male reproductive organs of the parkes (p) strain mice was investigated. the treatment had no effect on body weight and the reproductive organs weight. in treated mice, testes showed both normal and affected seminiferous tubules in the same sections; the affected seminiferous tubules showed intraepithelial vacuolation, loosening of germinal epithelium, m ... | 2005 | 16313072 |
| neem seed extract containing azadirachtin affects mortality, growth, and immunological function in the whipscorpion mastigoproctus giganteus (lucas) (arachnida, uropygi). | 2005 | 16400548 | |
| protective effects of ethanolic neem leaf extract on dmba-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in mice. | we evaluated the effects of pretreatment with ethanolic neem leaf extract on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced genotoxicity and oxidative stress in male swiss albino mice. the frequency of bone marrow micronuclei, the extent of hepatic lipid peroxidation and the status of antioxidants-reduced glutathione (gsh), glutathione peroxidase (gpx) and glutathione-s-transferase (gst) were used as intermediate biomarkers of chemoprotection. in dmba-treated mice, the increases in micronuclei an ... | 2005 | 16635967 |
| ethanolic neem (azadirachta indica) leaf extract induces apoptosis in the hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis model by modulation of bcl-2, bim, caspase 8 and caspase 3. | induction of apoptosis is one of the most active strategies in cancer chemoprevention and the ability of medicinal plants in this regard has attracted major research interest. the present study was designed to investigate the apoptosis inducing capacity of an ethanolic neem leaf extract (enle) during 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis using the apoptosis-associated proteins bcl-2, bim, caspase 8 and caspase 3 as markers. topical application of dmba ... | 2005 | 16436003 |
| in vitro assessment of anti - cutaneous leishmaniasis activity of some sudanese plants. | examination of crude methanol extracts of four sudanese plants (azadirachta indica, acacia nilotica, balanites aegyptiaca and allium sativa) revealed that only three species had a considerable in-vitro anti-leishmanial activity on leishmania major promastigotes. the plants azadrachta indica, allium sativa, and acacia nilotica gave a lc50 of 10.2, 4.94, and 89.38 microg/ml, respectively. extracts of balanites aegyptiaca had a moderate biological activity on l major promastigotes. | 2005 | 17167733 |
| effects of neem limonoids on the malaria vector anopheles stephensi liston (diptera: culicidae). | the effects of the neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) limonoids azadirachtin, salannin, deacetylgedunin, gedunin, 17-hydroxyazadiradione and deacetylnimbin on anopheles stephensi liston (diptera: culicidae) were investigated. in exploring advantages of pure neem limonoids, we studied the larvicidal, pupicidal, adulticidal and antiovipositional activity of neem limonoids. azadirachtin, salannin and deacetylgedunin showed high bioactivity at all doses, while the rest of the neem limonoids were less ... | 2005 | 16112073 |
| citronella as an insect repellent in food packaging. | of five commercial plant extracts (citronella, garlic oil, neem extract, pine oil, and pyrethrum), citronella was found to be effective in deterring the infestation of cartons containing muesli and wheat germ by red flour beetles. the chemical components were applied as part of a coating on the carton board. in an experimental set up that accelerates infestation over a 2 week period, citronella-treated cartons (0.2 g/m2 of carton board) reduced beetle infestation to approximately 50% of the leve ... | 2005 | 15913337 |
| comparative efficacy of annona squamosa linn. and pongamia glabra vent. to azadirachta indica a. juss against mosquitoes. | 2005 | 16457387 | |
| modulation of xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes by ethanolic neem leaf extract during hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. | chemoprevention by medicinal plants is a promising approach for controlling cancer. there is substantial evidence to indicate that chemopreventive agents exert their anticarcinogenic effects by modulation of phase i and phase ii xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. therefore, we examined the chemopreventive potential of ethanolic neem leaf extract (enle) on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (dmba)-induced hamster buccal pouch (hbp) carcinogenesis. hamsters were divided into four groups of six animals e ... | 2005 | 16110755 |
| epo neem patent revocation revives biopiracy debate. | 2005 | 15877054 | |
| medicinal properties of neem leaves: a review. | azadirachta indica, commonly known as neem, has attracted worldwide prominence in recent years, owing to its wide range of medicinal properties. neem has been extensively used in ayurveda, unani and homoeopathic medicine and has become a cynosure of modern medicine. neem elaborates a vast array of biologically active compounds that are chemically diverse and structurally complex. more than 140 compounds have been isolated from different parts of neem. all parts of the neem tree- leaves, flowers, ... | 2005 | 15777222 |
| effect of fertilizers and neem cake amendment in soil on spore germination of arthrobotrys dactyloides. | application of fertilizers such as urea, diammonium phosphate (dap) and muriate of potash in soil adversely affected the spore germination of arthrobotrys dactyloides. amendment of soil with urea at the concentrations of 1.0%, 0.5% and 0.1% completely inhibited spore germination and direct trap formation on the conidium, whereas muriate of potash delayed and reduced the spore germination even at the lowest concentration. dap also inhibited spore germination at 1.0% concentration, while at lower ... | 2005 | 24049500 |
| nonhormonal drugs for contraception in men: a systematic review. | nonhormonal drugs for contraception in men may have advantages over hormonal methods. the nonhormonal methods can have more rapid onset and less interference with androgen-dependent functions. this systematic review summarizes the clinical studies evaluating nonhormonal drugs administered to men for contraception. relevant clinical results were found for gossypol, which is derived from the cotton plant, and for extracts of tripterygium, a plant used in chinese traditional medicine. randomized, c ... | 2005 | 16250923 |
| azadirachta indica (neem) leaf powder as a biosorbent for removal of cd(ii) from aqueous medium. | a biosorbent, neem leaf powder (nlp), was prepared from the mature leaves of the azadirachta indica (neem) tree by initial cleaning, drying, grinding, washing to remove pigments and redrying. the powder was characterized with respect to specific surface area (21.45 m2g(-1)), surface topography and surface functional groups and the material was used as an adsorbent in a batch process to remove cd(ii) from aqueous medium under conditions of different concentrations, nlp loadings, ph, agitation tim ... | 2005 | 15961221 |
| behavioural responses of diamondback moth plutella xylostella (lepidoptera: plutellidae) to extracts derived from melia azedarach and azadirachta indica. | the impact of three different doses of botanical insecticide derived from the syringa tree, melia azedarach and the neem tree, azadirachta indica was tested on the behaviour of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (linnaeus). both botanical insecticides had a significant impact on larval behaviour. at higher doses the extracts showed feeding deterrent activity, with larvae preferring the untreated sides of cabbage leaves and consuming less of the treated half of cabbage leaves. the botanica ... | 2005 | 16197566 |
| balanced nitrogen economy as a flexible strategy on yield stabilizing and quality of aquatic food crops in wetland ecosystem. | in wetland ecosystem, nitrogen along with other elements and its management is most imperative for the production of so many aquatic food, non-food and beneficial medicinal plants and for the improvement of soil and water characteristics. with great significant importance of inm (integrated nutrient management) as sources, emphasizing on management on nitrogen as a key element and its divergence, a case study was undertaken on such aquatic food crops (starch and protein-rich, most popular and re ... | 2005 | 16512219 |
| effects of neem and spinosad on ceratothripoides claratris (thysanoptera: thripidae), an important vegetable pest in thailand, under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. | toxicity of three biopesticides, i.e., two neem products and spinosad, was determined on foliage-dwelling life stages of ceratothripoides claratris (shumsher) (thysanoptera: thripidae), a major thrips pest on tomatoes, lycopersicon spp., in central thailand. direct and residual contact toxicities of neemazal-ts (1% azadirachtin) and systemic activity of neemazal-md 5 (5% azadirachtin) affected the survival of first larval stage (l1) in a concentration-dependent manner. however, neither second la ... | 2005 | 15889736 |
| optimization of the separation of flavonoids using solvent-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography. | in this work the separation of eighteen flavonoids was attempted using reduced-flow micellar elektrokinetic chromatography (rf-mekc) electrolytes modified by selected solvents with differing properties: methanol (meoh), acetonitrile (acn) and tetrahydrofuran (thf). structural aspects such as unsaturation of the c ring, number and position of oh groups, methylation and glycosylation as well as solvent effects and their impact on the electrophoretic behavior of flavonoids were addressed. by evalua ... | 2005 | 16143970 |
| balanced nitrogen economy as a flexible strategy on yield stabilizing and quality of aquatic food crops in wetland ecosystem. | in wetland ecosystem, nitrogen along with other elements and its management is most imperative for the production of so many aquatic food, non-food and beneficial medicinal plants and for the improvement of soil and water characteristics. with great significant importance of inm (integrated nutrient management) as sources, emphasizing on management on nitrogen as a key element and its divergence, a case study was undertaken on such aquatic food crops (starch and protein-rich, most popular and re ... | 2005 | 20549452 |
| the isomeric compounds nimbolide and isonimbolide. | nimbolide [systematic name: (4alpha,5alpha,6alpha,7alpha,15beta,17alpha)-7,15:21,23-diepoxy-6-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-1-oxo-18,24-dinor-11,12-secochola-2,13,20,22-tetraene-4,11-dicarboxylic acid gamma-lactone methyl ester], c27h30o7, was isolated from the leaves of azadirachta indica, and its isomer, isonimbolide [systematic name: (4alpha,5alpha,6alpha,7alpha,15alpha)-7,15:21,23-diepoxy-6-hydroxy-4,8-dimethyl-1-oxo-18,24-dinor-11,12-secochola-2,16,20,22-tetraene-4,11-dicarboxylic acid gamma-lactone ... | 2005 | 15699572 |
| molluscicidal effects of neem (azadirachta indica) extracts on edible tropical land snails. | the effects of 350, 500 and 700 mg kg(-1) of crude extracts of neem, azadirachta indica a juss, on edible tropical land snails archachatina marginata and limicolaria aurora (jay) were determined and compared with control using pawpaw, carica papaya l as bait. responses were measured through normal feeding, cessation of food intake, cessation of crawling, mucus secretion, lack of response to mechanical stimuli (mortality) and decomposition. results showed no effects on the controls or snails expo ... | 2004 | 14971686 |
| neem leaves as a source of fertilizer-cum-pesticide vermicompost. | vermicomposting of neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) was accomplished in "high-rate" reactors operated at the earthworm (eudrilus eugeniae) densities of 62.5 and 75 animals per litre of reactor volume. contrary to the fears that neem--a powerful nematicide--might not be palatable to the annelids, the earthworms fed voraciously on the neem compost, converting upto 7% of the feed into vermicompost per day. indeed the worms grew faster and reproduced more rapidly in the neem-fed vermireactors than ... | 2004 | 14766163 |
| carbon sequestration in dryland ecosystems. | drylands occupy 6.15 billion hectares (bha) or 47.2% of the world's land area. of this, 3.5 to 4.0 bha (57%-65%) are either desertified or prone to desertification. despite the low soil organic carbon (soc) concentration, total soc pool of soils of the drylands is 241 pg (1 pg = petagram = 10(15)g = 1 billion metric ton) or 15.5% of the world's total of 1550 pg to 1-meter depth. desertification has caused historic c loss of 20 to 30 pg. assuming that two-thirds of the historic loss can be resequ ... | 2004 | 15453406 |
| tetracyclic triterpenoids from the leaves of azadirachta indica. | two new tetracyclic triterpenoids zafaral [24,25,26,27-tetranorapotirucalla-(apoeupha)-6alpha-methoxy-7alpha-acetoxy-1,14-dien-3,16-dione-21-al] (1) and meliacinanhydride [24,25,26,27-tetranorapotirucalla-(apoeupha)-6alpha-hydroxy,11alpha-methoxy-7alpha,12alpha-diacetoxy,1,14,20(22)-trien-3-one] (2) have been isolated from the methanolic extract of neem leaves along with two known constituents nimocinol and isomeldenin. their structures and the relative configurations were determined by spectros ... | 2004 | 15381008 |
| adsorption of pb(ii) from aqueous solution by azadirachta indica (neem) leaf powder. | an adsorbent was developed from the mature leaves of the neem (azadirachta indica) tree for removing pb(ii) from water. adsorption was carried out in a batch process with several different concentrations of pb(ii) by varying amount of adsorbent, ph, agitation time and temperature. the uptake of the metal was very fast initially, but gradually slowed down indicating penetration into the interior of the adsorbent particles. both first-order and second-order kinetics were tested and it was found th ... | 2004 | 15363519 |
| acute toxic effects of neem-based insecticides on crustaceans. | 2004 | 15362460 | |
| the effect of two different dental gels and a mouthwash on plaque and gingival scores: a six-week clinical study. | to evaluate the clinical efficacy of two gel formulations containing chlorhexidine gluconate and neem extract with a commercially available chlorhexidine gluconate mouthwash. | 2004 | 15335093 |