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novel two-step hierarchical screening of mutant pools reveals mutants under selection in chicks.contaminated chicken/egg products are major sources of human salmonellosis, yet the strategies used by salmonella to colonize chickens are poorly understood. we applied a novel two-step hierarchical procedure to identify new genes important for colonization and persistence of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium in chickens. a library of 182 s. typhimurium mutants each containing a targeted deletion of a group of contiguous genes (for a total of 2,069 genes deleted) was used to identify regi ...201626857572
on-chip acoustophoretic isolation of microflora including s. typhimurium from raw chicken, beef and blood samples.pathogen analysis in food samples routinely involves lengthy growth-based pre-enrichment and selective enrichment of food matrices to increase the ratio of pathogen to background flora. similarly, for blood culture analysis, pathogens must be isolated and enriched from a large excess of blood cells to allow further analysis. conventional techniques of centrifugation and filtration are cumbersome, suffer from low sample throughput, are not readily amenable to automation and carry a risk of damagi ...201626835844
curcumin reduces the motility of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium by binding to the flagella, thereby leading to flagellar fragility and shedding.one of the important virulence properties of the pathogen is its ability to travel to a favorable environment, cross the viscous mucus barrier (intestinal barrier for enteric pathogens), and reach the epithelia to initiate pathogenesis with the help of an appendage, like flagella. nonetheless, flagella can act as an "achilles heel," revealing the pathogen's presence to the host through the stimulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. we assessed whether curcumin, a dietary polyphenol, co ...201627091154
modulatory effects of cassia fistula fruits against free radicals and genotoxicity of mutagens.cassia fistula l. (fabaceae) fruits are highly recommended in folklore medicine for curing various ailments. in the current study, methanol (cafm), hexane (cafh), chloroform (cafcl), ethyl acetate (cafe), butanol (cafb) and aqueous (cafa) fractions of c. fistula fruits were investigated for their potential to inhibit the genotoxicity of mutagens and free radicals. the antimutagenicity of fractions was evaluated against the reactive carcinogenic ester generating mutagen, 2-aminofluorene (2-af) an ...201627984161
evaluation of genotoxic pressure along the sava river.in this study we have performed a comprehensive genotoxicological survey along the 900 rkm of the sava river. in total, 12 sites were chosen in compliance with the goals of globaqua project dealing with the effects of multiple stressors on biodiversity and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. the genotoxic potential was assessed using a complex battery of bioassays performed in prokaryotes and aquatic eukaryotes (freshwater fish). battery comprised evaluation of mutagenicity by sos/umuc test in sa ...201627631093
complete genome sequence of a myoviridae bacteriophage infecting salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.the bacteriophage 118970_sal3 was isolated from water buffalo feces in southern italy, exhibiting lytic activity against salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. this bacteriophage belongs to the myoviridae family and has a 39,464-bp double-stranded dna (ds-dna) genome containing 53 coding sequences (cdss).201627688333
origanum majorana essential oil lacks mutagenic activity in the salmonella/microsome and micronucleus assays.the present study aimed to investigate the in vitro mutagenic activity of origanum majorana essential oil. the most abundant compounds identified by gc-ms were γ-terpinene (25.73%), α-terpinene (17.35%), terpinen-4-ol (17.24%), and sabinene (10.8%). mutagenicity was evaluated by the salmonella/microsome test using the preincubation procedure on ta98, ta97a, ta100, ta102, and ta1535 salmonella typhimurium strains, in the absence or in the presence of metabolic activation. cytotoxicity was detecte ...201627891531
attenuation of dmba/croton oil induced mouse skin papilloma by apodytes dimidiata mediated by its antioxidant and antimutagenic potential.context considering the role of cellular oxidative stress in mutations and subsequent transformation, phytochemicals with antioxidant potential has become a primary choice as chemopreventives. apodytes dimidiata e. mey. ex. arn (icacinaceae), a widely used plant in zulu traditional medicine, is reported to possess antioxidant activity. objective to investigate the chemopreventive efficacy of methanol extract of a. dimidiata leaf (amf). materials and methods antimutagenic potential of amf (25, 50 ...201626878464
enzymatic precipitation enhanced surface plasmon resonance immunosensor for the detection of salmonella in powdered milk.contamination of food by pathogenic bacteria has always been a serious threat for human health. the amount of food exports and imports has been increasing in recent years which requires precise food quality control with short analysis time and simplified sample treatment. surface plasmon resonance (spr) immunosensor enhanced by biocatalyzed precipitation was developed for the analysis of salmonella in dairy products. the specific capture antibody was immobilized on the spr chip which allowed a d ...201627813408
complete, closed genome sequences of 10 salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains isolated from human and bovine sources.salmonella enterica is a leading cause of enterocolitis for humans and animals. s. enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium infects a broad range of hosts. to facilitate genomic comparisons among isolates from different sources, we present the complete genome sequences of 10 s typhimurium strains, 5 each isolated from human and bovine sources.201627811097
genomic analysis of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium from wild passerines in england and wales.passerine salmonellosis is a well-recognized disease of birds in the order passeriformes, which includes common songbirds such as finches and sparrows, caused by infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. previous research has suggested that some subtypes of s typhimurium-definitive phage types (dts) 40, 56 variant, and 160-are host adapted to passerines and that these birds may represent a reservoir of infection for humans and other animals. here, we have used the whole-genome sequ ...201627613688
novel approach of a phage-based magnetoelastic biosensor for the detection of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in soil.to date, there has been no employment of a magnetoelastic (me) biosensor method to detect salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in soil. the me biosensor method needs to be investigated and modified for its successful performance. the filtration method, cation-exchange resin method, and combinations of both methods were employed for the extraction of s. typhimurium from soil. the number of s. typhimurium and the resonant frequency shift of the me sensor were then compared using a brilliant gre ...201627728960
[antimicrobial resistance of salmonella spp isolated animal food for human consumption].to analyze all information available on antimicrobial-resistant salmonella species isolated from foods of animal origin that are used for human consumption in latin america.201627384620
presence of animal feeding operations and community socioeconomic factors impact salmonellosis incidence rates: an ecological analysis using data from the foodborne diseases active surveillance network (foodnet), 2004-2010.nontyphoidal salmonella spp. are a leading cause of foodborne illness. risk factors for salmonellosis include the consumption of contaminated chicken, eggs, pork and beef. agricultural, environmental and socioeconomic factors also have been associated with rates of salmonella infection. however, to our knowledge, these factors have not been modeled together at the community-level to improve our understanding of whether rates of salmonellosis are variable across communities defined by differing f ...201627290657
a case study on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium at a dairy farm associated with massive sparrow death.salmonella enterica typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is the most common cause of bovine salmonellosis in japan and where it is also cause of salmonellosis in wild birds. in 2008, a postpartum cow at a dairy farm developed diarrhea caused by s. typhimurium. the herd was extensively surveilled for salmonella sp. and we characterized bacterial isolates from this and other cows to determine the source of infection.201627112780
isolation, antibiogram and pathogenicity of salmonella spp. recovered from slaughtered food animals in nagpur region of central india.to determine the prevalence, antibiogram and pathogenicity of salmonella spp. in the common food animals slaughtered for consumption purpose at government approved slaughter houses located in and around nagpur region during a period of 2010-2012.201627051204
differential macrophage function in brown swiss and holstein friesian cattle.there is strong evidence that high yielding dairy cows are extremely susceptible to infectious diseases, and that this has severe economic consequences for the dairy industry and welfare implications. here we present preliminary functional evidence showing that the innate immune response differs between cow breeds. the ability of macrophages (mø) to kill pathogens depends in part on oxygen-dependent and independent mechanisms. the oxygen-dependent mechanisms rely on the generation of reactive ox ...201626961672
fecal prevalence, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of salmonellae in dairy cattle in central ethiopia.salmonellae are major worldwide zoonotic pathogens infecting a wide range of vertebrate species including humans. consumption of contaminated dairy products and contact with dairy cattle represent a common source of non-typhoidal salmonella infection in humans. despite a large number of small-scale dairy farms in addis ababa and its surrounding districts, little is known about the status of salmonella in these farms.201626879347
salmonella infection in grey seals (halichoerus grypus), a marine mammal sentinel species: pathogenicity and molecular typing of salmonella strains compared with human and livestock isolates.microbial pollution of the marine environment through land-sea transfer of human and livestock pathogens is of concern. salmonella was isolated from rectal swabs of free-ranging and stranded grey seal pups (21.1%; 37/175) and compared with strains from the same serovars isolated from human clinical cases, livestock, wild mammals and birds in scotland, uk to characterize possible transmission routes using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multi-locus variable number of tandem repeat analyses. ...201626768299
wild-type and mutant avra- salmonella induce broadly similar immune pathways in the chicken ceca with key differences in signaling intermediates and inflammation.salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (st) is a serious infectious disease throughout the world, and a major reservoir for salmonella is chicken. chicken infected with salmonella do not develop clinical disease, this may be the result of important host interactions with key virulence proteins. to study this, we inoculated chicken with mutant salmonella typhimurium that lacked the virulence protein avra (avra(-)). avra is referred to as an avirulence factor, as it moderates the host immune resp ...201626574031
the effect of recombinant human lactoferrin from the milk of transgenic cows on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection in mice.lactoferrin (lf) is a multifunctional protein with antibacterial and immunomodulatory activities. given this beneficial effect, transgenic approaches have been used to produce lactoferrin. the aim of the current study was to investigate the in vivo effect of recombinant human lactoferrin (rhlf) from the milk of transgenic cows on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (st) infection in mice. two hours before the infection with 0.3 ml at 2 × 10(5) cfu ml(-1) of st, each animal in the st + rhlf g ...201626469086
ex vivo perfusion of the isolated rat small intestine as a novel model of salmonella enteritis.using an ex vivo perfused rat small intestinal model, we examined pathological changes to the tissue, inflammation induction, as well as dynamic changes to smooth muscle activity, metabolic competence, and luminal fluid accumulation during short-term infection with the enteropathogenic bacteria salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and yersinia enterocolitica. although few effects were seen upon yersinia infection, this system accurately modeled key aspects associated with salmonella enteritis ...201626564721
intermediate filaments enable pathogen docking to trigger type 3 effector translocation.type 3 secretion systems (t3sss) of bacterial pathogens translocate bacterial effector proteins that mediate disease into the eukaryotic cytosol. effectors traverse the plasma membrane through a translocon pore formed by t3ss proteins. in a genome-wide selection, we identified the intermediate filament vimentin as required for infection by the t3ss-dependent pathogen s. flexneri. we found that vimentin is required for efficient t3ss translocation of effectors by s. flexneri and other pathogens t ...201627572444
multiple antigens of yersinia pestis delivered by live recombinant attenuated salmonella vaccine strains elicit protective immunity against plague.based on our improved novel salmonella vaccine delivery platform, we optimized the recombinant attenuated salmonella typhimurium vaccine (rasv) χ12094 to deliver multiple yersinia pestis antigens. these included lcrv196 (amino acids, 131-326), psn encoded on pya5383 and f1 encoded in the chromosome, their synthesis did not cause adverse effects on bacterial growth. oral immunization with χ12094(pya5383) simultaneously stimulated high antibody titers to lcrv, psn and f1 in mice and presented comp ...201627060051
weissella paramesenteroides wpk4 reduces gene expression of intestinal cytokines, and hepatic and splenic injuries in a murine model of typhoid fever.diarrhoea in piglets by salmonella and other pathogens can be a serious health problem. non-drug treatments such as probiotic microorganisms have various effects on the gastrointestinal microbiota dysbiosis and host immune system modulation. the aim of this study was to demonstrate the suitable use of weissella paramesenteroides wpk4 strain isolated from healthy piglets as an alternative prophylactic or therapeutic treatment against salmonella typhimurium. out of 37 lactic acid bacteria isolates ...201626565085
centrifugal loop-mediated isothermal amplification microdevice for rapid, multiplex and colorimetric foodborne pathogen detection.we present a centrifugal microfluidic device which enables multiplex foodborne pathogen identification by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) and colorimetric detection using eriochrome black t (ebt). five identical structures were designed in the centrifugal microfluidic system to perform the genetic analysis of 25 pathogen samples in a high-throughput manner. the sequential loading and aliquoting of the lamp cocktail, the primer mixtures, and the dna sample solutions were accomplishe ...201626322592
preliminary mutagenicity and genotoxicity evaluation of selected arylsulfonamide derivatives of (aryloxy)alkylamines with potential psychotropic properties.determination of the mutagenic and genotoxic liability of biologically active compounds is of great concern for preliminary toxicity testing and drug development. in this study, we focused on the evaluation of the mutagenic and genotoxic effects of selected arylsulfonamide derivatives of aryloxyethyl piperidines and pyrrolidines (1-8), classified as 5-ht7 receptor antagonist with antidepressant and procognitive properties, using in silico and in vitro methods: the vibrio harveyi assay and the so ...201626440375
immunogenicity of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) m gene delivered by attenuated salmonella typhimurium in mice.attenuated salmonella typhimurium (s. typhimurium) was selected as a transgenic vehicle for the development of live mucosal vaccines against transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) based on the m gene. an approximate 1.0 kb dna fragment, encoding for glycoprotein m, was amplified by rt-pcr and cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pvax1. the recombinant plasmid pvax-m was transformed by electroporation into attenuated s. typhimurium sl7207, and the expression and translation of the pvax-m ...201626837896
construction of an oral vaccine for transmissible gastroenteritis virus based on the tgev n gene expressed in an attenuated salmonella typhimurium vector.this research aimed to develop an oral vaccine for transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) based on the tgev n gene expressed in an attenuated salmonella typhimurium vector and aimed to evaluate the vaccine's immune response in piglets. recombinant plasmid pvax-n was transformed into competent cells of attenuated s. typhimurium sl7207 via electroporation. after it was identified via rt-pcr and double digestion, the screened recombinant bacteria presenting pvax-n were named sl7207 (pvax-n). to ...201626297958
construction and immunogenicity of recombinant swinepox virus expressing outer membrane protein l of salmonella.salmonella spp. are gram-negative flagellated bacteria that cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals, ranging from mild gastroenteritis to severe systemic infection. to explore development of a potent vaccine against salmonella infections, the gene encoding outer membrane protein l (ompl) was inserted into the swinepox virus (spv) genome by homologous recombination. pcr, western blot, and immunofluorescence assays were used to verify the recombinant swinepox virus rspv-ompl. the immune ...201627012234
the antibacterial effect of ziziphora clinopodioides essential oil and nisinagainst salmonella typhimurium and staphylococcus aureus in doogh, a yoghurt-based iranian drink.doogh is the most popular and commonly consumed yoghurt-based iranian drink. the aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effects of ziziphora clinopodioides essential oil (zeo) at 0.10 and 0.20% concentrations, nisin at 250 and 500 iu ml(-1), and their combination against salmonella typhimurium and staphylococcusaureus in doogh during storage at 4 ˚c for  9 days. nine batches were studied as follows: control: no zeo or nisin added, a: 0.10% zeo, b: 0.20% zeo, c: 250 iu ml(-1) nisi ...201627872717
evaluation of the anti-diarrheal activity of the hydromethanolic root extract of rhus tripartita (ucria) (anacardiacae).rhus tripartita (anacardiacae) is a plant which is traditionally used for the treatment of ulcer and diarrhea in tunisia. however, the scientific basis for this usage has not been well established. the core aim of the present study is to evaluate the antidiarrheal activity of rhus tripartita root methanolic extract (rre).201627501500
of men not mice: bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein expressed in human macrophages acts as a phagocytic receptor and modulates entry and replication of gram-negative bacteria.macrophages as immune cells prevent the spreading of pathogens by means of active phagocytosis and killing. we report here the presence of an antimicrobial protein, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (bpi) in human macrophages, which actively participates in engulfment and killing of gram-negative pathogens. our studies revealed increased expression of bpi in human macrophages during bacterial infection and upon stimulation with various pathogen-associated molecular patterns, viz., lps ...201627822215
the architecture of the cytoplasmic region of type iii secretion systems.type iii secretion systems (t3sss) are essential devices in the virulence of many gram-negative bacterial pathogens. they mediate injection of protein effectors of virulence from bacteria into eukaryotic host cells to manipulate them during infection. t3sss involved in virulence (vt3sss) are evolutionarily related to bacterial flagellar protein export apparatuses (ft3sss), which are essential for flagellar assembly and cell motility. the structure of the external and transmembrane parts of both ...201627686865
simultaneous detection of staphylococcus aureus and salmonella typhimurium using multicolor time-resolved fluorescence nanoparticles as labels.foodborne illnesses caused by staphylococcus aureus and salmonella typhimurium are common public health issues worldwide, affecting both developing and developed countries. in this study, aptamers labeled with multicolor lanthanide-doped time-resolved fluorescence (trfl) nanoparticles were used as signal probes, and immobilized by fe3o4 magnetic nanoparticles were used as the capture probes. the signal probes were bonded onto the captured bacteria by the recognition of aptamer to form the sandwi ...201627592261
breast abscess due to salmonella typhimurium in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report.this is the first report of breast abscess due to salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. staphylococcus aureus is known as the most common cause of breast abscess. salmonella spp. may occasionally form localized abscesses after dissemination to various organ systems following a bacteraemia. but breast abscess related to salmonella spp is a very rare complication.201627448659
physicochemical characteristics and bioactivities of the exopolysaccharide and its sulphated polymer from streptococcus thermophilus gst-6.exopolysaccharide (eps) produced by streptococcus thermophilus gst-6 in skim milk was extracted and purified. the eps was composed of glucose and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.80:1.03 with identical primary structure to the eps from s. thermophilus st1 reported previously. the purified eps was sulphated at a sulphonation degree of 0.26±0.03, and presence of sulphate groups in the sulphated eps (seps) was confirmed. microstructural studies demonstrated a porous web with coarse surface for the e ...201627112886
chemical composition, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of heracleum verticillatum pančić and h. ternatum velen. (apiaceae) essential oils.in this work, the chemical composition, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of heracleum verticillatum pančić and h. ternatum velen. root, leaf, and fruit essential oils were investigated. the composition was analyzed by gc and gc/ms. heracleum verticillatum and h. ternatum root oils were dominated by monoterpenes, mostly β-pinene (23.5% and 47.3%, respectively). heracleum verticillatum leaf oil was characterized by monoterpenes, mainly limonene (20.3%), and sesquiterpenes, mostly (e)-caryophyl ...201626991469
dual-excitation upconverting nanoparticle and quantum dot aptasensor for multiplexed food pathogen detection.in this report, a dual-excitation sensing method was developed using aptamer-functionalized quantum dots and upconverting nanoparticles, exhibiting stokes and anti-stokes type excitation profiles, respectively. conjugation of the aptamer-functionalized luminescent nanoparticles with the magnetic beads, comprising short dna sequences that were partially complementary to the aptamer sequences, enabled facile separation of the analyte-free conjugates for fluorescent measurement. uv-visible spectros ...201626971274
a two-step method for extraction of lipopolysaccharide from shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 and salmonella typhimurium: an improved method for enhanced yield and purity.bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) has been widely used as an antigen and adjuvant in immunological applications. amongst the methods developed for extraction of lps, hot phenol extraction (hpe) method is the gold standard. however, the hpe method provides poor yield of lps (~4.5% by weight), is associated with relatively higher impurities of proteins and nucleic acids, and the acidic hot phenol can cause a degradative effect on lps. in this work a two-step extraction (tse) method was developed ...201627208662
salmonella typhimurium and outbreaks of egg-associated disease in australia, 2001 to 2011.salmonellosis is a significant public health problem, with eggs frequently identified as a food vehicle during outbreak investigations. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis are the two most frequently identified causes of egg-associated disease in industrialized countries. in australia, a comprehensive review of egg-associated outbreaks has not been previously undertaken.201627028267
validation and identification of invasive salmonella serotypes in sub-saharan africa by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.salmonella enterica serovar typhi and nontyphoidal salmonella (nts) cause the majority of bloodstream infections in sub-saharan africa; however, serotyping is rarely performed. we validated a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay with the white-kauffmann-le minor (wklm) scheme of serotyping using 110 salmonella isolates from blood cultures of febrile children in ghana and applied the method in other typhoid fever surveillance in africa program study sites. in ghana, 47 (43%) s. typhi, ...201626933026
the emergence of reduced ciprofloxacin susceptibility in salmonella enterica causing bloodstream infections in rural ghana.salmonella ranks among the leading causes of bloodstream infections in sub-saharan africa. multidrug resistant typhoidal and nontyphoidal salmonella (nts) isolates have been previously identified in this region. however, resistance to ciprofloxacin has rarely been reported in west africa. this study aims to assess susceptibility against ciprofloxacin in salmonella causing invasive bloodstream infections among children in rural ghana.201626933017
salmonella typhimurium undergoes distinct genetic adaption during chronic infections of mice.typhoid fever caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) is a severe systemic human disease and endemic in regions of the world with poor drinking water quality and sewage treatment facilities. a significant number of patients become asymptomatic life-long carriers of s. typhi and serve as the reservoir for the disease. the specific mechanisms and adaptive strategies enabling s. typhi to survive inside the host for extended periods are incompletely understood. yet, elucidation of the ...201626955808
study of salmonella typhimurium infection in laying hens.members of salmonella enterica are frequently involved in egg and egg product related human food poisoning outbreaks worldwide. in australia, salmonella typhimurium is frequently involved in egg and egg product related foodborne illness and salmonella mbandaka has also been found to be a contaminant of the layer farm environment. the ability possessed by salmonella enteritidis to colonize reproductive organs and contaminate developing eggs has been well-described. however, there are few studies ...201626941727
strain-specific survival of salmonella enterica in peanut oil, peanut shell, and chia seeds.in north america, outbreaks of salmonella have been linked to low-water activity (aw) foods, such as nuts and seeds. these outbreaks have implicated an assortment of salmonella serotypes. some salmonella serotypes (e.g., enteritidis and typhimurium) cause high proportions of salmonellosis. nevertheless, there has recently been an emergence of uncommon salmonella serotypes and strains (e.g., tennessee, hartford, and thompson) in low-aw foods. the aim of this study was to evaluate the survival cha ...201626939645
compensating the fitness costs of synonymous mutations.synonymous mutations do not change the sequence of the polypeptide but they may still influence fitness. we investigated in salmonella enterica how four synonymous mutations in the rpst gene (encoding ribosomal protein s20) reduce fitness (i.e., growth rate) and the mechanisms by which this cost can be genetically compensated. the reduced growth rates of the synonymous mutants were correlated with reduced levels of the rpst transcript and s20 protein. in an adaptive evolution experiment, these f ...201626882986
the horizontally-acquired response regulator ssrb drives a salmonella lifestyle switch by relieving biofilm silencing.a common strategy by which bacterial pathogens reside in humans is by shifting from a virulent lifestyle, (systemic infection), to a dormant carrier state. two major serovars of salmonella enterica, typhi and typhimurium, have evolved a two-component regulatory system to exist inside salmonella-containing vacuoles in the macrophage, as well as to persist as asymptomatic biofilms in the gallbladder. here we present evidence that ssrb, a transcriptional regulator encoded on the spi-2 pathogenicity ...201626880544
prevalence of nontyphoidal salmonella and salmonella strains with conjugative antimicrobial-resistant serovars contaminating animal feed in texas.the objective of this study was to characterize 365 nontyphoidal salmonella enterica isolates from animal feed. among the 365 isolates, 78 serovars were identified. twenty-four isolates (7.0%) were recovered from three of six medicated feed types. three of these isolates derived from the medicated feed, salmonella newport, salmonella typhimurium var. o 5- (copenhagen), and salmonella lexington var. 15+ (manila), displayed antimicrobial resistance. susceptibility testing revealed that only 3.0% ( ...201626818979
inactivation of salmonella senftenberg, salmonella typhimurium and salmonella tennessee in peanut butter by 915 mhz microwave heating.this study evaluated the efficacy of a 915 mhz microwave with 3 different levels to inactivate 3 serovars of salmonella in peanut butter. peanut butter inoculated with salmonella enterica serovar senftenberg, s. enterica serovar typhimurium and s. enterica serovar tennessee were treated with a 915 mhz microwave with 2, 4 and 6 kw and acid and peroxide values and color changes were determined after 5 min of microwave heating. salmonella populations were reduced with increasing treatment time and ...201626678129
molecular epidemiological characteristics of salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis, typhimurium and livingstone strains isolated in a tunisian university hospital.enteritidis, typhimurium and livingstone are the main salmonella enterica serovars recovered in tunisia. here, we aimed to assess the genetic diversity of fifty-seven salmonella enterica strains from different sampling periods, origins and settings using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) and multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (mlva). salmonella enteritidis, isolated from human and food sources from two regions in sfax in 2007, were groupe ...201626608804
salmonella enteritidis effector avra stabilizes intestinal tight junctions via the jnk pathway.salmonella pathogenesis studies to date have focused on salmonella typhimurium, and the pathogenesis of a second major serotype, salmonella enteritidis, is poorly understood. salmonella spp. possess effector proteins that display biochemical activities and modulate host functions. here, we generated a deletion mutant of the effector avra, s.e-avra(-), and a plasmid-mediated complementary strain, s.e-avra(-)/pavra(+) (s.e-avra(+)), in s. enteritidis. using in vitro and in vivo infection models, w ...201627875307
minimal processing of iceberg lettuce has no substantial influence on the survival, attachment and internalization of e. coli o157 and salmonella.the influence of a selection of minimal processing techniques (sanitizing wash prior to packaging, modified atmosphere, storage conditions under light or in the dark) was investigated in relation to the survival of, attachment to and internalization of enteric pathogens in fresh produce. cut iceberg lettuce was chosen as a model for fresh produce, escherichia coli o157:h7 (e. coli o157) and salmonella enterica were chosen as pathogen models. care was taken to simulate industrial post-harvest pro ...201627591385
identification of potential therapeutics to conquer drug resistance in salmonella typhimurium: drug repurposing strategy.salmonella typhimurium is the main cause of gastrointestinal illness in humans, and treatment options are decreasing because drug-resistant strains have emerged.201627761807
the effect of phytogenic feed additives to substitute in-feed antibiotics on growth traits and blood biochemical parameters in broiler chicks challenged with salmonella typhimurium.there is a growing concern over the use of antibiotics due to the increased resistance of pathogens in broiler. the present study was designed to find the comparative effect of an antibiotic, and some phytogenic on performance traits, blood biochemical parameters, and antioxidant status during starter phase exposed to salmonella typhimurium challenge. a total of 560-day-old broiler chicks (ross 308) were randomly allocated to seven treatments (eight replicates). control (basal diet); t1, infecte ...201627646442
wgs for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance: a pilot study to detect the prevalence and mechanism of resistance to azithromycin in a uk population of non-typhoidal salmonella.wgs and phenotypic methods were used to determine the prevalence of azithromycin resistance in salmonella enterica isolates from the uk and to identify the underlying mechanisms of resistance.201627585964
outer membrane vesicles derived from salmonella typhimurium mutants with truncated lps induce cross-protective immune responses against infection of salmonella enterica serovars in the mouse model.salmonella enterica cause diarrheal and systemic diseases and are of considerable concern worldwide. vaccines that are cross-protective against multiple serovars could provide effective control of salmonella-mediated diseases. bacteria-derived outer membrane vesicles (omvs) are highly immunogenic and are capable of eliciting protective immune responses. alterations in lipopolysaccharide (lps) length can result in outer membrane remodeling and composition of outer membrane proteins (omps) changin ...201627578609
[investigation of antitumorigenic effects of food-borne non-pathogenic and pathogenic salmonella enterica strains on mef, du145 and hela cell lines].basic applications in cancer therapy may fail to eradicate cancer cells completely, they can show toxic affects to healthy cells and development of resistance to antitumor agents may increase tendency to metastasis. bacterial therapies have the advantage of specific targetting of tumors by selective toxicity, responsiveness to external signals, self-propelling capacity, and the sense of microenvironment. the most interest on the bacterial cancer therapy is about salmonella spp. with a special em ...201627525394
mapping b-cell responses to salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium and enteritidis in chickens for the discrimination of infected from vaccinated animals.serological surveillance and vaccination are important strategies for controlling infectious diseases of food production animals. however, the compatibility of these strategies is limited by a lack of assays capable of differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (diva tests) for established killed or attenuated vaccines. here, we used next generation phage-display (ngpd) and a 2-proportion z score analysis to identify peptides that were preferentially bound by igy from chickens infected wit ...201627510219
salmonella infection in healthy pet reptiles: bacteriological isolation and study of some pathogenic characters.the fecal samples from 213 captive reptiles were examined, and 29 (13.61%) salmonella enterica isolates were detected: 14/62 (22.58%) from chelonians, 14/135 (10.37%) from saurians, and 1/16 (6.25%) from ophidians. the isolates were distributed among 14 different serotypes: miami, ebrie, hermannsweder, tiergarten, tornov, pomona, poona, goteborg, abaetetube, nyanza, kumasi, typhimurium, 50:b:z6, 9,12:z29:1,5, and a non-motile serotype with antigenic formula 1,4,[5],12:-:-. salmonella typhimurium ...201627352973
invasive infections with nontyphoidal salmonella in sub-saharan africa.invasive nontyphoidal salmonella (nts) infections in africa cause an enormous burden of illness. these infections are often devastating, with mortality estimated at 20%, even with appropriate antimicrobial therapy. two major groups-young children and hiv-infected adults-suffer the great majority of these infections. in children, younger age itself, as well as malaria, malnutrition, and hiv infection, are prominent risk factors. in adults, hiv infection is by far the most important risk factor. t ...201627337467
antimelanoma effect of salmonella typhimurium integration host factor mutant in murine model.this study aimed to evaluate an attenuated salmonella ihfa-null mutant strain as therapeutic agent to control tumor growth.201627328776
serotype epidemiology and multidrug resistance patterns of salmonella enterica infecting humans in italy.salmonella enterica is the zoonotic agent most frequently responsible for foodborne infections in humans worldwide. in this work the presence of s. enterica was investigated in 734 unique enteropathogenic isolates collected from human patients between 2011 and 2012.201627252785
tiny turtles purchased at pet stores are a potential high risk for salmonella human infection in the valencian region, eastern spain.turtles may be considered unsafe pets, particularly in households with children. this study aimed to assess salmonella carriage by turtles in pet stores and in private ownership to inform the public of the potential health risk, enabling informed choices around pet selection. during the period between september and october 2013, 24 pet stores and 96 private owners were sampled in the valencian region (eastern spain). salmonella identification procedure was based on iso 6579: 2002 recommendations ...201627228194
house sparrows do not constitute a significant salmonella typhimurium reservoir across urban gradients in flanders, belgium.in recent decades major declines in urban house sparrow (passer domesticus) populations have been observed in north-western european cities, whereas suburban and rural house sparrow populations have remained relatively stable or are recovering from previous declines. differential exposure to avian pathogens known to cause epidemics in house sparrows may in part explain this spatial pattern of declines. here we investigate the potential effect of urbanization on the development of a bacterial pat ...201627168186
genetic relatedness of salmonella serovars isolated from catfish (clarias gariepinus) and tilapia (tilapia mossambica) obtained from wet markets and ponds in penang, malaysia.a total of 43 salmonella enterica isolates belonging to different serovars (salmonella albany, salmonella agona, salmonella corvallis, salmonella stanley, salmonella typhimurium, salmonella mikawasima, and salmonella bovismorbificans) were isolated from catfish (clarias gariepinus) and tilapia (tilapia mossambica) obtained from nine wet markets and eight ponds in penang, malaysia. thirteen, 19, and 11 isolates were isolated from 9 of 32 catfish, 14 of 32 tilapia, and 11 of 44 water samples, resp ...201627052872
role of t3ss-1 sipd protein in protecting mice against non-typhoidal salmonella typhimurium.salmonella enterica species are enteric pathogens that cause severe diseases ranging from self-limiting gastroenteritis to enteric fever and sepsis in humans. these infectious diseases are still the major cause of morbidity and mortality in low-income countries, especially in children younger than 5 years and immunocompromised adults. vaccines targeting typhoidal diseases are already marketed, but none protect against non-typhoidal salmonella. the existence of multiple non-typhoidal salmonella s ...201627992422
acidic ph sensing in the bacterial cytoplasm is required for salmonella virulence.ph regulates gene expression, biochemical activities and cellular behaviors. a mildly acidic ph activates the master virulence regulatory system phop/phoq in the facultative intracellular pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the sensor phoq harbors an extracytoplasmic domain implicated in signal sensing, and a cytoplasmic domain controlling activation of the regulator phop. we now report that, surprisingly, a decrease in salmonella's own cytoplasmic ph induces transcription of phop- ...201627282333
characterization and antimicrobial resistance of salmonella typhimurium isolates from clinically diseased pigs in korea.this study investigated the prevalence of salmonella enterica serovar and antimicrobial resistance in salmonella typhimurium isolates from clinically diseased pigs collected from 2008 to 2014 in korea. isolates were also characterized according to the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. among 94 salmonella isolates, 81 (86.2%) were identified as being of the salmonella typhimurium serotype, followed by salmonella derby (6 of 94, 6.4%), salmon ...201628221916
population dynamics analysis of ciprofloxacin-persistent s. typhimurium cells in a mouse model for salmonella diarrhea.in vivo, antibiotics are often surprisingly inefficient at eliminating bacterial pathogens. in the case of ciprofloxacin therapy in a salmonella enterica subspecies 1 serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium, s. tm) mouse infection model, this has been traced to tolerant bacterial cells surviving in lymph node monocytes (i.e., classical dendritic cells). to analyze the growth characteristics of these persisters, we have developed a population dynamics approach using mixtures of wild-type isogenic tag ...201626468110
heterologous pseudomonas aeruginosa o-antigen delivery using a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium weca mutant strain.there is a broad interest in adapting live vaccine strains (lvs) for use as recombinant vaccines that can deliver heterologous antigens. the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl1344 δweca lvs contains a mutation in weca that abrogates production of enterobacterial common antigen. this δweca strain is attenuated in vivo, persistently colonizes the host, and protects against both wild type and cross-salmonella serovar lethal challenge in a murine model of salmonellosis. given these character ...201627476047
a systems biology analysis unfolds the molecular pathways and networks of two proteobacteria in spaceflight and simulated microgravity conditions.bacteria are important organisms for space missions due to their increased pathogenesis in microgravity that poses risks to the health of astronauts and for projected synthetic biology applications at the space station. we understand little about the effect, at the molecular systems level, of microgravity on bacteria, despite their significant incidence. in this study, we proposed a systems biology pipeline and performed an analysis on published gene expression data sets from multiple seminal st ...201627623197
optimizing bacteriophage surface densities for bacterial capture and sensing in quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring.surface immobilized bacteriophages (phages) are increasingly used as biorecognition elements on bacterial biosensors (e.g., on acoustical, electrical, or optical platforms). the phage surface density is a critical factor determining a sensor's bacterial binding efficiencies; in fact, phage surface densities that are too low or too high can result in significantly reduced bacterial binding capacities. identifying an optimum phage surface density is thus crucial when exploiting the bacteriophages' ...201627171886
rapid screening of waterborne pathogens using phage-mediated separation coupled with real-time pcr detection.escherichia coli o157:h7 is a ubiquitous pathogen which can be linked to foodborne outbreaks worldwide. in addition to the significant illnesses, hospitalizations, and deaths resulting from the outbreaks, there can be severe economic consequences to farmers, food manufacturers, and municipalities. a rapid detection assay which can validate sanitation and water quality would prove beneficial to these situations. here, we report a novel bacteriophage-mediated detection of e. coli o157:h7 which uti ...201627071764
construction of a bivalent dna vaccine co-expressing s genes of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus delivered by attenuated salmonella typhimurium.porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (pedv) can cause severe diarrhea in newborn piglets and led to significant economic losses. the s proteins are the main structural proteins of pedv and tgev capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies in vivo. in this study, a dna vaccine sl7207 (pvaxd-ps1-ts) co-expressing s proteins of tgev and pedv delivered by attenuated salmonella typhimurium was constructed and its immunogenicity in piglets was investiga ...201626980672
genetic control of bacterial biofilms.nearly all bacterial species, including pathogens, have the ability to form biofilms. biofilms are defined as structured ecosystems in which microbes are attached to surfaces and embedded in a matrix composed of polysaccharides, edna, and proteins, and their development is a multistep process. bacterial biofilms constitute a large medical problem due to their extremely high resistance to various types of therapeutics, including conventional antibiotics. several environmental and genetic signals ...201626294280
immunoenhancement with flagellin as an adjuvant to whole-killed rabies vaccine in mice.vaccination is the most effective method for preventing rabies virus (rabv) infection in both humans and animals; however, no satisfactory vaccine has been developed for use worldwide. in the present study, we investigated the immunoadjuvant properties of salmonella typhimurium flagellin (fljb, flic, and fljb'-flic) to improve immune responses against the rabies vaccine (rv) and the protective efficacy of the whole-killed rabies vaccine (wkrv) with or without flagellins in balb/c mice. we also c ...201626650039
the bacterial two-hybrid system uncovers the involvement of acetylation in regulating of lrp activity in salmonella typhimurium.n(𝜀)-lysine acetylation is an abundant and important post-translational modification in bacteria. we used the bacterial two-hybrid system to screen the genome library of the salmonella typhimurium to identify potential proteins involved in acetyltransferase pat - or deacetylase cobb-mediated acetylation. then, the in vitro (de)acetylation assays were used to validate the potential targets, such as stm14_1074, nrdf, rhar. lrp, a leucine-responsive regulatory protein and global regulator, was sho ...201627909434
reduction of salmonella typhimurium by fermentation metabolites of diamond v original xpc in an in vitro anaerobic mixed chicken cecal culture.fermentation metabolites of diamond v original xpc™ (xpc), a biological product derived from yeast fermentation, were evaluated for their ability to reduce the salmonella typhimurium population using an in vitro mixed anaerobic culture system containing cecal microbiota to simulate chicken hindgut conditions. four different samples were prepared: anaerobic mixed culture containing (1) feed only, (2) cecal only (ceca were harvested from 42 days old broiler chickens), (3) feed and cecal contents, ...201627695699
cytotoxic, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity effects of guanylhydrazone derivatives.several studies have reported that guanylhydrazones display a variety of desirable biological properties, such as antihypertensive, antibacterial, and antimalarial behaviour. they furthermore promote anti-pneumocystosis and anti-trypanosomiasis, exhibit antitumor activity, and show significant cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines. in this work, we have evaluated the cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity of two guanylhydrazones derivatives, (e)-2-[(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl) methylene] hydrazi ...201627476330
designing, construction and characterization of genetically encoded fret-based nanosensor for real time monitoring of lysine flux in living cells.engineering microorganisms in order to improve the metabolite flux needs a detailed knowledge of the concentrations and flux rates of metabolites and metabolic intermediates in vivo. fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret) based genetically encoded nanosensors represent a promising tool for measuring the metabolite levels and corresponding rate changes in live cells. here, we report the development of a series of fret based genetically encoded nanosensor for real time measurement of lysine ...201627334743
dna protection against oxidative damage using the hydroalcoholic extract of garcinia mangostana and alpha-mangostin.garcinia mangostana, popularly known as "mangosteen fruit," originates from southeast asia and came to brazil about 80 years ago where it mainly grows in the states of pará and bahia. although mangosteen or its extracts have been used for ages in asian folk medicine, data on its potential genotoxicity is missing. we, therefore, evaluated genotoxicity/mutagenicity of hydroethanolic mangosteen extract [hegm, 10 to 640 μg/ml] in established test assays (comet assay, micronucleus test, and salmonell ...201627042187
interactions between sanitizers and packaging gas compositions and their effects on the safety and quality of fresh-cut onions (allium cepa l.).onions are one of the most widely utilized vegetables worldwide, with demand for fresh-cut onions steadily increasing. due to heightened safety concerns and consumer demand, the implications of sanitizing and packaging on fresh-cut onion safety and quality need to be better understood. the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of produce sanitizers, in-package atmospheres, and their interactions on the growth of salmonella typhimurium, mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeast and mold, ...201626656528
the isolation and identification of pantoea dispersa strain jfs as a non-pathogenic surrogate for salmonella typhimurium phage type 42 in flour.salmonella is a common pathogen which has been the cause of foodborne illness outbreaks implicating a variety of commodities, including low-moisture foods such as flour. salmonella costs more than any other pathogen in the united states in terms of health care expenses and time of lost work. heat treatment can be used to reduce salmonella and other pathogens in flour to safe levels. however, in low-moisture foods, process times must be increased to achieve adequate lethality, possibly resulting ...201626686596
microbiological, clinical and molecular findings of non-typhoidal salmonella bloodstream infections associated with malaria, oriental province, democratic republic of the congo.in sub-saharan africa, non-typhoidal salmonella (nts) can cause bloodstream infections, referred to as invasive non-typhoidal salmonella disease (ints disease); it can occur in outbreaks and is often preceded by malaria. data from central africa is limited.201627286886
fr-900098, an antimalarial development candidate that inhibits the non-mevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway, shows no evidence of acute toxicity and genotoxicity.fr-900098 is an inhibitor of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate (dxp) reductoisomerase, the second enzyme in the non-mevalonate isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. in previous studies, fr-900098 was shown to possess potent antimalarial activity in vitro and in a murine malaria model. in order to provide a basis for further preclinical and clinical development, we studied the acute toxicity and genotoxicity of fr-900098. we observed no acute toxicity in rats, i.e. there were no clinical signs of toxicit ...201627260413
the relationship between invasive nontyphoidal salmonella disease, other bacterial bloodstream infections, and malaria in sub-saharan africa.country-specific studies in africa have indicated that plasmodium falciparum is associated with invasive nontyphoidal salmonella (ints) disease. we conducted a multicenter study in 13 sites in burkina faso, ethiopia, ghana, guinea-bissau, kenya, madagascar, senegal, south africa, sudan, and tanzania to investigate the relationship between the occurrence of ints disease, other systemic bacterial infections, and malaria.201626933016
in vitro evaluation of the cyto-genotoxic potential of ruthenium(ii) scar complexes: a promising class of antituberculosis agents.tuberculosis is a top infectious disease killer worldwide, caused by the bacteria mycobacterium tuberculosis. increasing incidences of multiple drug-resistance (mdr) strains are emerging as one of the major public health threats. however, the drugs in use are still incapable of controlling the appalling upsurge of mdr. in recent years a marked number of research groups have devoted their attention toward the development of specific and cost-effective antimicrobial agents against targeted mdr-tub ...201626994489
transcriptomic approaches in the zebrafish model for tuberculosis-insights into host- and pathogen-specific determinants of the innate immune response.mycobacterium marinum infection in zebrafish has become a well-established model of tuberculosis. both embryonic and adult zebrafish infection studies have contributed to our knowledge of the development and function of tuberculous granulomas, which are typical of mycobacterial pathogenesis. in this review we discuss how transcriptome profiling studies have helped to characterize this infection process. we illustrate this using new rna sequencing (rna-seq) data that reveals three main phases in ...201627503359
contribution of increased isg15, isgylation and deregulated type i ifn signaling in usp18 mutant mice during the course of bacterial infections.host genetics has a key role in susceptibility to salmonella typhimurium infection. we previously used n-ethyl-n-nitrosourea (enu) mutagenesis to identify a loss-of-function mutation within the gene ubiquitin-specific peptidase 18 (usp18(ity9)), which confers increased susceptibility to salmonella typhimurium. usp18 functions to regulate type i interferon (ifn) signaling and as a protease to remove isg15 from substrate proteins. usp18(ity9) mice are susceptible to infection with salmonella typhi ...201624807690
influence of water activity on inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes in peanut butter by microwave heating.this study evaluated the efficacy of a 915 mhz microwave with 3 different electric power levels to inactivate three pathogens in peanut butter with different aw. peanut butter inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes (0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 aw) were treated with a 915 mhz microwave with 2, 4, and 6 kw for up to 5 min. six kw 915 mhz microwave treatment for 5 min reduced these three pathogens by 1.97 to >5.17 log cfu/g. four kw 915 mh ...201627554151
achillea schurii flowers: chemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial investigations.this study aims to evaluate the phenolic profile, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of achillea schurii sch.-bip., an endemic species from romania that has not been investigated yet. the chromatographic profile of the phenolic components was obtained using the hplc-ms method, while the total polyphenol, flavonoid, caffeic acid derivative contents were quantified using spectrophotometric methods. the antioxidant activity was evaluated using different methods: dpph radical scavenging, hem ...201627529204
effect of power levels on inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes in tomato paste using 915-megahertz microwave and ohmic heating.the effect of power levels on inactivation of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes in tomato paste was investigated using 915-mhz microwave heating (mw) and ohmic heating (oh). heating uniformity, pathogen inactivation, and quality aspects were determined with 1.8-, 2.1-, 2.4-, and 3.0-kw mw and corresponding oh. ginafit was used to analyze pathogen inactivation. the heating uniformity of mw-treated samples was inferior to that of oh-treated samples at low ...201628221946
effect of temperature and nutrient concentration on survival of foodborne pathogens in deciduous fruit processing environments for effective hygiene management.temperature and good sanitation practices are important factors for controlling growth of microorganisms. fresh produce is stored at various temperatures to ensure quality and to prolong shelf life. when foodborne pathogens survive and grow on fresh produce at storage temperatures, then additional control strategies are needed to inactivate these pathogens. the aim of this study was to determine how temperatures associated with deciduous fruit processing and storage facilities (0.5, 4, and 21°c) ...201628221909
fate of pathogenic bacteria associated with production of pickled sausage by using a cold fill process.preservation by pickling has been used for many years to extend the shelf life of various types of food products. by storing meat products in a brine solution containing an organic acid, salt, spices, as well as other preservatives, the ph of the product is reduced, thus increasing the safety and shelf life of the product. pickling may involve the use of heated brines to further add to the safety of the food product. when precooked, ready-to-eat (rte) sausages are pickled with a heated brine sol ...201628221846
transfer of pathogens from cantaloupe rind to preparation surfaces and edible tissue as a function of cutting method.whole and cut cantaloupes have been implicated as vehicles in foodborne illness outbreaks of norovirus, salmonellosis, and listeriosis. preparation methods that minimize pathogen transfer from external surfaces to the edible tissue are needed. two preparation methods were compared for the transfer of listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2, murine norovirus, and tulane virus from inoculated cantaloupe rinds to edible tissue and preparation surfaces. for the first meth ...201627296423
fully automated and colorimetric foodborne pathogen detection on an integrated centrifugal microfluidic device.this work describes fully automated and colorimetric foodborne pathogen detection on an integrated centrifugal microfluidic device, which is called a lab-on-a-disc. all the processes for molecular diagnostics including dna extraction and purification, dna amplification and amplicon detection were integrated on a single disc. silica microbeads incorporated in the disc enabled extraction and purification of bacterial genomic dna from bacteria-contaminated milk samples. we targeted four kinds of fo ...201627112702
efficacy of uv-c irradiation for inactivation of food-borne pathogens on sliced cheese packaged with different types and thicknesses of plastic films.in this study, the efficacy of using uv-c light to inactivate sliced cheese inoculated with escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella typhimurium, and listeria monocytogenes and, packaged with 0.07 mm films of polyethylene terephthalate (pet), polyvinylchloride (pvc), polypropylene (pp), and polyethylene (pe) was investigated. the results show that compared with pet and pvc, pp and pe films showed significantly reduced levels of the three pathogens compared to inoculated but non-treated controls. the ...201627052716
evaluation of a cross contamination model describing transfer of salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogenes during grinding of pork and beef.in a previous study, a model was developed to describe the transfer and survival of salmonella during grinding of pork (møller, c.o.a., nauta, m.j., christensen, b.b., dalgaard, p., hansen, t.b., 2012. modelling transfer of salmonella typhimurium dt104 during simulation of grinding of pork. journal of applied microbiology 112 (1), 90-98). the robustness of this model is now evaluated by studying its performance for predicting the transfer and survival of salmonella spp. and listeria monocytogene ...201627035678
antibacterial activity of aquatic gliding bacteria.the study aimed to screen and isolate strains of freshwater aquatic gliding bacteria, and to investigate their antibacterial activity against seven common pathogenic bacteria. submerged specimens were collected and isolated for aquatic gliding bacteria using four different isolation media (dw, ma, sap2, and vy/2). gliding bacteria identification was performed by 16s rrna gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. crude extracts were obtained by methanol extraction. antibacterial activity against ...201626885469
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