Publications

genomic analysis of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium characterizes strain diversity for recent u.s. salmonellosis cases and identifies mutations linked to loss of fitness under nitrosative and oxidative stress.	salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is one of the most common s. enterica serovars associated with u.s. foodborne outbreaks. s. typhimurium bacteria isolated from humans exhibit wide-ranging virulence phenotypes in inbred mice, leading to speculation that some strains are more virulent in nature. however, it is unclear whether increased virulence in humans is related to organism characteristics or initial treatment failure due to antibiotic resistance. strain diversity and genetic factors co ...	2016	26956590
antibacterial and antiviral effectiveness of two household water treatment devices that use monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene.	many different household water treatment (hwt) methods have been researched and promoted to mitigate the serious burden of diarrheal disease in developing countries. however, hwt methods using bromine have not been extensively evaluated. two gravity-fed hwt devices (aquasure™ and waterbird™) were used to test the antimicrobial effectiveness of halopure(®) br beads (monobrominated hydantoinylated polystyrene) that deliver bromine. as water flows over the beads, reactive bromine species are eluted ...	2016	27959873
prophylactic administration of vector-encoded porcine granulocyte-colony stimulating factor reduces salmonella shedding, tonsil colonization, and microbiota alterations of the gastrointestinal tract in salmonella-challenged swine.	salmonella colonization of food animals is a concern for animal health and public health as a food safety risk. various obstacles impede the effort to reduce asymptomatic salmonella carriage in food animals, including the existence of numerous serovars and the ubiquitous nature of salmonella. to develop an intervention strategy that is non-specific yet effective against diverse salmonella serovars, we explored the prophylactic use of a cytokine to decrease salmonella in swine by boosting the hos ...	2016	27610361
at the crossroads: communication of bacteria-containing vacuoles with host organelles.	invasive bacterial pathogens are engulfed upon host cell entry in a vacuolar environment called the bacteria-containing vacuole (bcv). bcvs directly contact with numerous host compartments, mainly vesicles of the endocytic pathway, such as endosomes or lysosomes. in addition, they also interact with the endoplasmic reticulum and endomembranes of the secretory pathway. these connections between the pathogen and the host occur either through heterotypic membrane fusions or through membrane contact ...	2016	26762760
molecular detection of legionella spp. and their associations with mycobacterium spp., pseudomonas aeruginosa and amoeba hosts in a drinking water distribution system.	this study investigated waterborne opportunistic pathogens (ops) including potential hosts, and evaluated the use of legionella spp. for indicating microbial water quality for ops within a full-scale operating drinking water distribution system (dwds).	2016	26535924
what's on the outside matters: the role of the extracellular polymeric substance of gram-negative biofilms in evading host immunity and as a target for therapeutic intervention.	biofilms are organized multicellular communities encased in an extracellular polymeric substance (eps). biofilm-resident bacteria resist immunity and antimicrobials. the eps provides structural stability and presents a barrier; however, a complete understanding of how eps structure relates to biological function is lacking. this review focuses on the eps of three gram-negative pathogens: pseudomonas aeruginosa, nontypeable haemophilus influenzae, and salmonella enterica serovar typhi/typhimurium ...	2016	27129225
regulation of rac1 and reactive oxygen species production in response to infection of gastrointestinal epithelia.	generation of reactive oxygen species (ros) during infection is an immediate host defense leading to microbial killing. ape1 is a multifunctional protein induced by ros and after induction, protects against ros-mediated dna damage. rac1 and napdh oxidase (nox1) are important contributors of ros generation following infection and associated with gastrointestinal epithelial injury. the purpose of this study was to determine if ape1 regulates the function of rac1 and nox1 during oxidative stress. g ...	2016	26761793
temperate phages promote colicin-dependent fitness of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.	bacteria employ bacteriocins for interference competition in microbial ecosystems. colicin ib (colib), a pore-forming bacteriocin, confers a significant fitness benefit to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. tm) in competition against commensal escherichia coli in the gut. colib is released from s. tm into the environment, where it kills susceptible competitors. however, colicin-specific release proteins, as they are known for other colicins, have not been identified in case of colib. th ...	2016	26439675
a novel peptidoglycan d,l-endopeptidase induced by salmonella inside eukaryotic cells contributes to virulence.	bacteria remodel peptidoglycan structure in response to environmental changes. many enzymes are involved in peptidoglycan metabolism; however, little is known about their responsiveness in a defined environment or the modes they assist bacteria to adapt to new niches. here, we focused in peptidoglycan enzymes that intracellular bacterial pathogens use inside eukaryotic cells. we identified a peptidoglycan enzyme induced by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in fibroblasts and epithelial cel ...	2016	26462856
stall no more at polyproline stretches with the translation elongation factors ef-p and if-5a.	synthesis of polyproline proteins leads to translation arrest. to overcome this ribosome stalling effect, bacteria depend on a specialized translation elongation factor p (ef-p), being orthologous and functionally identical to eukaryotic/archaeal elongation factor e/aif-5a (recently renamed 'ef5'). ef-p binds to the stalled ribosome between the peptidyl-trna binding and trna-exiting sites, and stimulates peptidyl-transferase activity, thus allowing translation to resume. in their active form, bo ...	2016	26416626
the occurrence of salmonella in raw and ready-to-eat bean sprouts and sprouted seeds on retail sale in england and northern ireland.	a total of 554 samples of bean sprouts or other sprouted seeds were collected at retail sale and submitted to nine official control laboratories in england and northern ireland during january to march 2011. samples (100 g) were tested for the presence of salmonella using the en iso 6579:2002 method. products labelled as ready-to-eat comprised 23% of the samples and 61% were labelled as raw or to-cook: the remaining 12% had no indication if the food was intended as ready-to-eat or ready-to-cook, ...	2016	26661563
shotgun analysis of rough-type lipopolysaccharides using ultraviolet photodissociation mass spectrometry.	detailed structural characterization of intact rough-type lipopolysaccharides (r-lps) was accomplished using a multi-stage mass spectrometry (ms(3)) strategy consisting of collision-induced dissociation (cid) followed by 193 ultraviolet photodissociation (uvpd) implemented on an orbitrap fusion mass spectrometer. complex mixtures of r-lps from either escherichia coli or salmonella enterica were directly infused into the mass spectrometer using static source nanoelectrospray ionization (nanoesi). ...	2016	26616388
the global regulatory system csr senses glucose through the phosphoenolpyruvate: carbohydrate phosphotransferase system.	a novel connection between two regulatory systems controlling crucial biological processes in bacteria, the carbon storage regulator (csr) system and the glucose-specific phosphotransferase system (pts), is reported by leng et al. in this issue. this involves the interaction of unphosphorylated eiia(glc), a component of the glucose-specific pts, with the csrd protein, which accelerates the decay of the csrb and csrc small rnas via rnase e in escherichia coli. as unphosphorylated eiia(g) (lc) is ...	2016	26593223
modulation of the interaction of enteric bacteria with intestinal mucosa by stress-related catecholamines.	stress associated with parturition, transport or mixing has long been correlated with enhanced faecal excretion of diarrhoeal zoonotic pathogens in animals such as salmonella enterica and escherichia coli. it may also predispose humans to infection and/or be associated with more severe outcomes. one possible explanation for this phenomenon is the ability of enteric bacterial pathogens to sense and respond to host stress-related catecholamines. this article reviews evidence of the ability of cate ...	2016	26589217
characterization of the novel t4-like salmonella enterica bacteriophage stp4-a and its endolysin.	while screening for new antimicrobial agents for multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica, the novel lytic bacteriophage stp4-a was isolated and characterized. phage morphology revealed that stp4-a belongs to the family myoviridae. bacterial challenge assays showed that different serovars of salmonella enterica were susceptible to stp4-a infection. the genomic characteristics of stp4-a, containing 159,914 bp of dsdna with an average gc content of 36.86 %, were determined. furthermore, the endolys ...	2016	26563319
plasma nanotextured polymeric lab-on-a-chip for highly efficient bacteria capture and lysis.	we describe the design, fabrication, and successful demonstration of a sample preparation module comprising bacteria cell capture and thermal lysis on-chip with potential applications in food sample pathogen analysis. plasma nanotexturing of the polymeric substrate allows increase of the surface area of the chip and the antibody binding capacity. three different anti-salmonella antibodies were directly and covalently linked to plasma treated chips without any additional linker chemistry or other ...	2016	26556673
a microbiological assay to estimate the antimicrobial activity of parenteral tildipirosin against foodborne pathogens and commensals in the colon of beef cattle and pigs.	tildipirosin (tip) is a novel 16-membered-ring macrolide authorized for the treatment of bovine and swine respiratory disease. the ph dependency of macrolide antimicrobial activity is well known. considering that the ph in the colon contents of growing beef cattle and pigs is usually below ph 7.0, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of tip against foodborne bacterial pathogens such as campylobacter (c.) coli, c. jejuni and salmonella enterica and commensal species including enterococcus ...	2016	26538405
lactobacillus plantarum lb95 impairs the virulence potential of gram-positive and gram-negative food-borne pathogens in ht-29 and vero cell cultures.	listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica and verocytotoxigenic escherichia coli (vtec) are amongst the most important agents responsible for food outbreaks occurring worldwide. in this work, two lactobacillus spp. strains (labs), lactobacillus plantarum (lb95) and lactobacillus paraplantarum (lb13), previously isolated from spontaneously fermenting olive brines, and two reference probiotic strains, lactobacillus casei shirota and lactobacillus rhamnosus gg, were investigated for their ability ...	2016	26506821
lytic action of the truncated ynce gene in escherichia coli.	we recently found lytic action of the truncated ynce gene. when the truncated ynce gene of salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi a was expressed in escherichia coli dh5α under the control of the ara promoter, bacterial growth was markedly inhibited. in the present study, we characterized this lytic action. the n-terminal 103 aa of ynce, containing a signal peptide, was demonstrated to be essential for inhibition. microscopic observation showed that the bacterial envelope of e. coli was damaged b ...	2016	26687463
establishment and application of a visual dna microarray for the detection of food-borne pathogens.	the accurate detection and identification of food-borne pathogenic microorganisms is critical for food safety nowadays. in the present work, a visual dna microarray was established and applied to detect pathogens commonly found in food, including salmonella enterica, shigella flexneri, e. coli o157:h7 and listeria monocytogenes in food samples. multiplex pcr (mpcr) was employed to simultaneously amplify specific gene fragments, fimy for salmonella, ipah for shigella, iap for l. monocytogenes and ...	2016	26860568
monitoring the live to dead transition of bacteria during thermal stress by a multi-method approach.	rapid microbiological methods to assess cell physiological properties of microorganisms are gaining interest in the elucidation of the effect of antimicrobial agents or physical inactivation. fluorescent probes combined with flow cytometry or microplate assays provide information about cellular targets of chemical or physical stressors and help to clarify the underlying mode of action. in this work we exemplarily monitored the bacterial response of listeria innocua, staphylococcus aureus, salmon ...	2016	26860058
horizontal transfer of the salmonella enterica serovar infantis resistance and virulence plasmid pesi to the gut microbiota of warm-blooded hosts.	salmonella enterica serovar infantis is one of the prevalent salmonellae worldwide. recently, we showed that the emergence of s infantis in israel was facilitated by the acquisition of a unique megaplasmid (pesi) conferring multidrug resistance and increased virulence phenotypes. here we elucidate the ecology, transmission properties, and regulation of pesi. we show that despite its large size (~280 kb), pesi does not impose a significant metabolic burden in vitro and that it has been recently f ...	2016	27601577
expression of iron, the salmochelin siderophore receptor, requires mrna activation by ryhb small rna homologues.	the iron gene of salmonella enterica and uropathogenic escherichia coli encodes the outer membrane receptor of fe(3+) -bound salmochelin, a siderophore tailored to evade capture by the host's immune system. the iron gene is under negative control of the fur repressor and transcribed under iron limiting conditions. we show here that transcriptional de-repression is not sufficient to allow iron expression, as this also requires activation by either of two partially homologous small rnas (srnas), r ...	2016	26710935
the effectors and sensory sites of formaldehyde-responsive regulator frmr and metal-sensing variant.	the duf156 family of dna-binding transcriptional regulators includes metal sensors that respond to cobalt and/or nickel (rcnr, inrs) or copper (csor) plus cstr, which responds to persulfide, and formaldehyde-responsive frmr. unexpectedly, the allosteric mechanism of frmr from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is triggered by metals in vitro, and variant frmr(e64h) gains responsiveness to zn(ii) and cobalt in vivo here we establish that the allosteric mechanism of frmr is triggered directly ...	2016	27474740
encapsulation of multiple cargo proteins within recombinant eut nanocompartments.	spatial organization via encapsulation of enzymes within recombinant nanocompartments may increase efficiency in multienzyme cascades. previously, we reported the encapsulation of single cargo proteins within nanocompartments in the heterologous host escherichia coli. this was achieved by coexpression of the salmonella enterica lt2 ethanolamine utilization bacterial microcompartment shell proteins euts or eutsmnlk, with a signal sequence eutc1-19 cargo protein fusion. optimization of this system ...	2016	27450681
transcription factor decr (ybao) controls detoxification of l-cysteine in escherichia coli.	ybao is an uncharacterized asnc-family transcription factor of escherichia coli. in both salmonella enterica and pantoea ananatis, ybao homologues were identified to regulate the adjacent gene encoding cysteine desulfhydrase for detoxification of cysteine. using the genomic selex (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) screening system, we identified the yhaom operon, located far from the ybao gene on the e. coli genome, as a single regulatory target of ybao. in both gel shif ...	2016	27435271
duplex identification of staphylococcus aureus by aptamer and gold nanoparticles.	staphylococcus aureus is the top common pathogen causing infections and food poisoning. identification of s. aureus is crucial for the disease diagnosis and regulation of food hygiene. herein, we report an aptamer-aunps based method for duplex identification of s. aureus. using aunps as an indicator, sa23, an aptamer against s. aureus, can well identify its target from escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes and pseudomonas aeruginosa. furthermore, we find citrate-coated aunps can strongly bind ...	2016	27427591
the enterobacterial genotoxins: cytolethal distending toxin and colibactin.	while the dna damage induced by ionizing radiation and by many chemical compounds and drugs is well characterized, the genotoxic insults inflicted by bacteria are only scarcely documented. however, accumulating evidence indicates that we are exposed to bacterial genotoxins. the prototypes of such bacterial genotoxins are the cytolethal distending toxins (cdts) produced by escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhi. cdts display the dnase structure fold and activity, and induce dna st ...	2016	27419387
a novel covalent approach to bio-conjugate silver coated single walled carbon nanotubes with antimicrobial peptide.	due to increasing antibiotic resistance, the use of silver coated single walled carbon nanotubes (swcnts-ag) and antimicrobial peptides (aps) is becoming popular due to their antimicrobial properties against a wide range of pathogens. however, stability against various conditions and toxicity in human cells are some of the major drawbacks of aps and swcnts-ag, respectively. therefore, we hypothesized that aps-functionalized swcnts-ag could act synergistically. various covalent functionalization ...	2016	27412259
label-free mapping of single bacterial cells using surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy.	here we presented a simple, rapid and label-free surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy (sers) based mapping method for the detection and discrimination of salmonella enterica and escherichia coli on silver dendrites. the sample preparation was first optimized to maximize sensitivity. the mapping method was then used to scan through the bacterial cells adsorbed on the surface of silver dendrites. the intrinsic and distinct sers signals of bacterial cells were used as the basis for label-free detect ...	2016	26750611
prevalence and characteristics of salmonella serotypes isolated from fresh produce marketed in the united states.	salmonella continues to rank as one of the most costly foodborne pathogens, and more illnesses are now associated with the consumption of fresh produce. the u.s. department of agriculture microbiological data program (mdp) sampled select commodities of fresh fruit and vegetables and tested them for salmonella, pathogenic escherichia coli, and listeria. the salmonella strains isolated were further characterized by serotype, antimicrobial resistance, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profile. t ...	2016	26735024
an unexpected route to an essential cofactor: escherichia coli relies on threonine for thiamine biosynthesis.	metabolism consists of biochemical reactions that are combined to generate a robust metabolic network that can respond to perturbations and also adapt to changing environmental conditions. escherichia coli and salmonella enterica are closely related enterobacteria that share metabolic components, pathway structures, and regulatory strategies. the synthesis of thiamine in s. enterica has been used to define a node of the metabolic network by analyzing alternative inputs to thiamine synthesis from ...	2016	26733068
electrochemical genosensing of salmonella, listeria and escherichia coli on silica magnetic particles.	a magneto-genosensing approach for the detection of the three most common pathogenic bacteria in food safety, such as salmonella, listeria and escherichia coli is presented. the methodology is based on the detection of the tagged amplified dna obtained by single-tagging pcr with a set of specific primers for each pathogen, followed by electrochemical magneto-genosensing on silica magnetic particles. a set of primers were selected for the amplification of the inva (278 bp), prfa (217 bp) and eaea ...	2016	26724759
diversity and antagonistic potential of marine microbes collected from south-west coast of india.	the diversity of some of the culturable microorganisms associated with marine flora and fauna collected off vizhinjam and mulloor coast of south india was evaluated and their bioactive production potential determined. from a total of 24 bacteria, 4 actinomycetes and 8 fungi isolated from diverse marine sources, five bacterial species-blm3, bsp2, bcs1, bcs4 and bma6 showed inhibitory activity against at least one of the tested pathogens viz., klebsiella pneumonia ku1, pseudomonas aeruginosa vl3, ...	2016	28330077
oral vaccination with a rough attenuated mutant of s. infantis increases post-wean weight gain and prevents clinical signs of salmonellosis in s. typhimurium challenged pigs.	we show that oral inoculation of 14 day old conventional piglets with a rough attenuated salmonella enterica serovar infantis 1326/28ф(r) (serogroup c1), 24h prior to oral challenge with s. enterica serovar typhimurium 4/74 (serogroup b), resulted in significant weight gain (~10%) measured at 14 days post-weaning (38 days of age). two days after challenge the s. typhimurium induced stunting and, in some cases loss, of villi but this was prevented by pre-inoculation with the s. infantis strain. t ...	2016	26850554
salmonella employs multiple mechanisms to subvert the tlr-inducible zinc-mediated antimicrobial response of human macrophages.	we aimed to characterize antimicrobial zinc trafficking within macrophages and to determine whether the professional intramacrophage pathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s typhimurium) subverts this pathway. using both escherichia coli and s typhimurium, we show that tlr signaling promotes the accumulation of vesicular zinc within primary human macrophages. vesicular zinc is delivered to e. coli to promote microbial clearance, whereas s. typhimurium evades this response via salmonel ...	2016	26839376
characterization of slya in shigella flexneri identifies a novel role in virulence.	the slya transcriptional regulator has important roles in the virulence and pathogenesis of several members of the enterobacteriaceae family, including salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and escherichia coli. despite the identification of the slya gene in shigella flexneri nearly 2 decades ago, as well as the significant conservation of slya among enteric bacteria, the role of slya in shigella remains unknown. the genes regulated by slya in closely related organisms often are absent from or ...	2016	26831468
natural pig plasma immunoglobulins have anti-bacterial effects: potential for use as feed supplement for treatment of intestinal infections in pigs.	there is an increasing demand for non-antibiotics solutions to control infectious disease in intensive pig production. here, one such alternative, namely pig antibodies purified from slaughterhouse blood was investigated in order to elucidate its potential usability to control post-weaning diarrhoea (pwd), which is one of the top indications for antibiotics usage in the pig production. a very cost-efficient and rapid one-step expanded bed adsorption (eba) chromatography procedure was used to pur ...	2016	26824607
in vitro effects of thymol-β-d-glucopyranoside on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and escherichia coli k88.	although thymol is bactericidal against many pathogens in vitro, its in vivo effectiveness against pathogens in the lower gastrointestinal tract is limited because of its rapid absorption in the proximal gut. thymol-β-<small>d</small>-glucopyranoside (β-thymol), a conjugated form of thymol, can deliver thymol to the lower gastrointestinal tract and has shown antibacterial effects. in the present study, we examined the in vitro effects of β-thymol on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (st) a ...	2016	26818992
inactivation of escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enteritidis by cymbopogon citratus d.c. stapf. essential oil in pineapple juice.	in the present study, the efficacy of cymbopogon citratus d.c. stapf. essential oil (cceo) to provoke a 5-log cfu/ml (5-log) inactivation in a mixed composite of escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in pineapple (ananas comosus (l.) merril) juice (4°c) was assessed. moreover, the effects of cceo on the physicochemical and sensory quality parameters of pineapple juice were evaluated. the mic of cceo was 5 μl/ml against the composite mix examined. f ...	2016	26818981
loop-to-helix transition in the structure of multidrug regulator acrr at the entrance of the drug-binding cavity.	multidrug transcription regulator acrr from salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium str. lt2 belongs to the tetracycline repressor family, one of the largest groups of bacterial transcription factors. the crystal structure of dimeric acrr was determined and refined to 1.56å resolution. the tertiary and quaternary structures of acrr are similar to those of its homologs. the multidrug binding site was identified based on structural alignment with homologous proteins and has a di(hy ...	2016	26796657
hydrolysed inulin alleviates the azoxymethane-induced preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci by altering selected intestinal microbiota in sprague-dawley rats.	context inulin, a non-digestible carbohydrate isolated from helianthus tuberosus l. (asteraceae), has been shown to alter the gut beneficial bacteria including lactobacillus spp. and bifidobacteria. inulin also influences the activities of intestinal microbiota that could prevent the colon cancer development. objective this study determines the effect of hydrolysed inulin with different degrees of polymerisation on alteration of intestinal microbiota and their activities on azoxymethane (aom)-in ...	2016	26794346
resin glycosides from ipomoea wolcottiana as modulators of the multidrug resistance phenotype in vitro.	recycling liquid chromatography was used for the isolation and purification of resin glycosides from the chcl3-soluble extracts prepared using flowers of ipomoea wolcottiana rose var. wolcottiana. bioassay-guided fractionation, using modulation of both antibiotic activity against multidrug-resistant strains of gram-negative bacteria and vinblastine susceptibility in breast carcinoma cells, was used to isolate the active glycolipids as modulators of the multidrug resistance phenotype. an ester-ty ...	2016	26774597
soluble oligomers of the pore-forming toxin cytolysin a from escherichia coli are off-pathway products of pore assembly.	the α-pore-forming toxin cytolysin a (clya) is responsible for the hemolytic activity of various escherichia coli and salmonella enterica strains. soluble clya monomers spontaneously assemble into annular dodecameric pore complexes upon contact with membranes or detergent. at clya monomer concentrations above ∼100 nm, the rate-limiting step in detergent- or membrane- induced pore assembly is the unimolecular reaction from the monomer to the assembly-competent protomer, which then oligomerizes ra ...	2016	26757820
detection of plasmid mediated colistin resistance (mcr-1) in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica isolated from poultry and swine in spain.	recent findings suggest that use of colistin as a last resort antibiotic is seriously threatened by the rise of a new plasmid mediated mechanism of resistance (mcr-1). this work identifies, for the first time in southern europe, the gene mcr-1 in nine strains from farm animals (poultry and swine) corresponding to five escherichia coli and four salmonella enterica, among which three belong to serovar typhimurium and one to rissen. the mcr-1 was found encoded by a plasmid highly mobilizable by con ...	2016	27033921
prevalence of salmonella enterica and shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli in zoo animals from chile.	salmonella (s.) enterica and shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec) are foodborne pathogens. here, we report the prevalence of s. enterica and stec in feces of 316 zoo animals belonging to 61 species from chile. s. enterica and stec strains were detected in 7.5% and 4.4% of animals, respectively. all salmonella isolates corresponded to the serotype enteritidis. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of s. enteritidis in the culpeo fox (lycalopex culpaeus), black-capped cap ...	2016	27030195
antimicrobial-resistant fecal bacteria from ceftiofur-treated and nonantimicrobial-treated comingled beef cows at a cow-calf operation.	we compared the occurrences of 3rd-generation cephalosporin-resistant (3gc(r)), tetracycline-resistant (tet(r)), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-resistant (cot(r)) escherichia coli, 3gc(r) and nalidixic acid-resistant (nal(r)) salmonella enterica, and erythromycin-resistant (ery(r)) enterococci from the fecal samples of ceftiofur-treated (n = 162) and nonantimicrobial-treated (n = 207) comingled beef cows ≥8 years old, for which complete antimicrobial treatment records were available. the prev ...	2016	26954009
inactivation or inhibition of acrab-tolc increases resistance of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae to carbapenems.	the objective of this study was to study the contribution of the multidrug resistance acrab-tolc efflux system to carbapenem resistance in carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae and the impact of the efflux inhibitor pabn on this resistance.	2016	26945714
foodborne outbreaks reported to the u.s. food safety and inspection service, fiscal years 2007 through 2012.	the u.s. department of agriculture's food safety and inspection service (fsis) works closely with federal, state, and local public health partners to investigate foodborne illness outbreaks associated with its regulated products. to provide insight into outbreaks associated with meat and poultry, outbreaks reported to fsis during fiscal years 2007 through 2012 were evaluated. outbreaks were classified according to the strength of evidence linking them to an fsis-regulated product and by their ep ...	2016	26939654
optimization of a nanotechnology based antimicrobial platform for food safety applications using engineered water nanostructures (ewns).	a chemical free, nanotechnology-based, antimicrobial platform using engineered water nanostructures (ewns) was recently developed. ewns have high surface charge, are loaded with reactive oxygen species (ros), and can interact-with, and inactivate an array of microorganisms, including foodborne pathogens. here, it was demonstrated that their properties during synthesis can be fine tuned and optimized to further enhance their antimicrobial potential. a lab based ewns platform was developed to enab ...	2016	26875817
conjugation-mediated transfer of antibiotic-resistance plasmids between enterobacteriaceae in the digestive tract of blaberus craniifer (blattodea: blaberidae).	cockroaches, insects of the order blattodea, seem to play a crucial role in the possible conjugation-mediated genetic exchanges that occur among bacteria that harbor in the cockroach intestinal tract. the gut of these insects can be thought of as an effective in vivo model for the natural transfer of antimicrobial resistance plasmids among bacteria. in our study, we evaluated the conjugation-mediated horizontal transfer of resistance genes between escherichia coli and other microorganisms of the ...	2016	26875189
geographical and temporal variation of e. coli and norovirus in mussels.	bivalve shellfish may accumulate contaminants of public health concern including pathogenic bacteria and viruses. microbiological monitoring of production areas is based on faecal coliforms in water in the usa and escherichia coli in bivalve molluscs in the european union. e. coli is known to reflect contamination with salmonella enterica but not necessarily with other human pathogens such as enteric viruses. a structured field study was undertaken at three locations in order to investigate the ...	2016	27114089
detection of the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene conferring colistin resistance in human and food isolates of salmonella enterica and escherichia coli in england and wales.	in response to the first report of transmissible colistin resistance mediated by the mcr-1 gene in escherichia coli and klebsiella spp. from animals and humans in china, we sought to determine its presence in enterobacteriaceae isolated in the uk.	2016	27090630
effect of dss on bacterial growth in gastrointestinal tract.	inflammatory bowel disease is an idiopathic autoimmune disorder that is mainly divided into ulcerative colitis and crohn's disease. probiotics are known for their beneficial effect and used as a treatment option in different gastrointestinal problems. the aim of our study was to find suitable bacterial vectors for gene therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl7207 and escherichia coli nissle 1917 were investigated as potential vectors. our results show tha ...	2016	27085009
multiple plasmids contribute to antibiotic resistance and macrophage survival in vitro in cmy2-bearing salmonella enterica.	multiple drug resistance (mdr) in bacteria represents a notable problem but if carried on plasmid their spread could become a significant threat to public health. plasmids in members of the enterobacteriaceae family and in particular salmonella and escherichia coli strains have been implicated in the spread of antibiotic resistance genes. however, the mechanisms involved in the transfer of plasmid-borne resistance genes are not fully understood. here, we analyzed the ability of salmonella enteri ...	2016	27070176
engineering formation of multiple recombinant eut protein nanocompartments in e. coli.	compartmentalization of designed metabolic pathways within protein based nanocompartments has the potential to increase reaction efficiency in multi-step biosynthetic reactions. we previously demonstrated proof-of-concept of this aim by targeting a functional enzyme to single cellular protein nanocompartments, which were formed upon recombinant expression of the salmonella enterica lt2 ethanolamine utilization bacterial microcompartment shell proteins euts or eutsmnlk in escherichia coli. to opt ...	2016	27063436
salmonella flagellin acted as an effective fusion partner for expression of plasmodium falciparum surface protein 25 in escherichia coli.	plasmodium falciparum surface protein 25 (pfs25) is a hard-to-express and hard-to-solubilize protein in escherichia coli. to overcome this problem, the phase 1 flagellin of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (flic) was used as a fusion partner for pfs25. the fusion expression of pfs25 with flic greatly enhanced the expression level and solubility of pfs25 in e. coli bl21(de3). the ni-purified fusion protein of flic-pfs25 was recognized by two anti-pfs25 monoclonal antibodies. by comparison, ...	2016	27058511
new high-cloning-efficiency vectors for complementation studies and recombinant protein overproduction in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica.	galloway et al. recently described a method to alter vectors to include type iis restriction enzymes for high efficiency cloning. utilizing this method, the multiple cloning sites of complementation and overexpression vectors commonly used in our laboratory were altered to contain recognition sequences of the type iis restriction enzyme, bspqi. use of this enzyme increased the rate of cloning success to >97% efficiency. l(+)-arabinose-inducible complementation vectors and overexpression vectors ...	2016	27234933
regulation of the two-component regulator cpxr on aminoglycosides and β-lactams resistance in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.	the two-component signal transduction system cpxar is especially widespread in gram-negative bacteria. it has been reported that cpxar contributes to the multidrug resistance (mdr) in escherichia coli. cpxr is a response regulator in the two-component cpxar system. the aim of this study was to explore the role of cpxr in the mdr of s. enterica serovar typhimurium. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) of various antibiotics commonly used in veterinary medicine for strains js (a multidrug- ...	2016	27199934
the small rna dsra influences the acid tolerance response and virulence of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium.	the gram-negative, enteropathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) is exposed to various stress conditions during pathogenesis, of which acid stress serves as a major defense mechanism in the host. such environments are encountered in the stomach and salmonella containing vacuole of phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells. it is only recently that small rnas (srnas) have come to the forefront as major regulators of stress response networks. consequently, the srna dsra which r ...	2016	27199929
antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric gram negative facultative anaerobe bacilli in aerobic versus anaerobic conditions.	antimicrobial treatments result in the host's enteric bacteria being exposed to the antimicrobials. pharmacodynamic models can describe how this exposure affects the enteric bacteria and their antimicrobial resistance. the models utilize measurements of bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility traditionally obtained in vitro in aerobic conditions. however, in vivo enteric bacteria are exposed to antimicrobials in anaerobic conditions of the lower intestine. some of enteric bacteria of food animals ...	2016	27191612
evaluation of moringa oleifera seed lectin as a metal remover in aqueous solutions.	the efficacy of moringa oleifera seed lectin (wsmol) as a metal remover in water and the effects of metals on its hemagglutinating and antibacterial activities were determined. aqueous metal solutions were incubated with wsmol for 8 h at 4°c and the concentrations of metals were determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. hemagglutination and antibacterial assays were conducted with wsmol and lectin exposed or not to the metals. the removal efficiency of wsmol was 49.00%, 53.21%, 71.45%, 55 ...	2016	27184499
recent advances in the characterization of crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σs/rpos.	the bacterial rna polymerase (rnap) holoenzyme is a multisubunit core enzyme associated with a σ factor that is required for promoter-specific transcription initiation. besides a primary σ responsible for most of the gene expression during active growth, bacteria contain alternative σ factors that control adaptive responses. a recurring strategy in the control of σ factor activity is their sequestration by anti-sigma factors that occlude the rnap binding determinants, reducing their activity. in ...	2016	27180360
self-association motifs in the enteroaggregative escherichia coli heat-resistant agglutinin 1.	the heat-resistant agglutinin 1 (hra1) is an integral outer membrane protein found in strains of escherichia coli that are exceptional colonizers. hra1 from enteroaggregative e. coli strain 042 is sufficient to confer adherence to human epithelial cells and to cause bacterial autoaggregation. hra1 is closely related to the tia invasin, which also confers adherence, but not autoaggregation. here, we have demonstrated that hra1 mediates autoaggregation by self-association and we hypothesize that a ...	2016	27166217
curing vector for inci1 plasmids and its use to provide evidence for a metabolic burden of inci1 ctx-m-1 plasmid pifm3791 on klebsiella pneumoniae.	using a sequence-based approach we previously identified an inci1 ctx-m-1 plasmid, pifm3791, on a single pig farm in the uk that was harboured by klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serotype 4,5,12:i:-. to test the hypothesis that the plasmid had spread rapidly into these differing host bacteria we wished to assess whether the plasmid conferred a fitness advantage. to do this an inci1 curing vector was constructed and used to displace the inci1 ctx-m-1 plasmids from k ...	2016	27166141
isolation of lactic acid bacteria from swine milk and characterization of potential probiotic strains with antagonistic effects against swine-associated gastrointestinal pathogens.	probiotics are usually isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. the search of probiotics in human milk is a recent field of research, as the existence of the human milk microbiome was discovered only about a decade ago. to our knowledge, no reports regarding the potential probiotic effect of bacteria from swine milk have been published. in this work, we isolated several lactic acid bacteria from swine milk and evaluated them for them potential as probiotics. among the isol ...	2016	27149540
low concentration of salmonella enterica and generic escherichia coli in farm ponds and irrigation distribution systems used for mixed produce production in southern georgia.	studies have shown that irrigation water can be a vector for pathogenic bacteria. due to this, the food safety modernization act's (fsma) produce safety rule requires that agricultural water directly applied to produce be safe and of adequate sanitary quality for use, which may pose a challenge for some farmers. the purpose of this research was to assess the presence and concentration of salmonella and generic escherichia coli in irrigation water from distribution systems in a mixed produce prod ...	2016	27400147
unstable tandem gene amplification generates heteroresistance (variation in resistance within a population) to colistin in salmonella enterica.	heteroresistance, a phenomenon where subpopulations of a bacterial isolate exhibit different susceptibilities to an antibiotic, is a growing clinical problem where the underlying genetic mechanisms in most cases remain unknown. we isolated colistin resistant mutants in escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium at different concentrations of colistin. genetic analysis showed that genetically stable pmrab point mutations were responsible for colistin resistance during selection ...	2016	27381382
in vitro and in vivo probiotic assessment of leuconostoc mesenteroides p45 isolated from pulque, a mexican traditional alcoholic beverage.	pulque is a mexican traditional alcoholic, non-distilled, fermented beverage produced by the fermentation of the sap, known as aguamiel, extracted from several maguey (agave) species. pulque has traditionally been considered a healthy beverage due to its nutrient content and also a traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and intestinal infections. during pulque fermentation, the development of acidity, alcohol and viscosity define its final sensorial properties, deve ...	2016	27375977
survival of foodborne pathogens in natural cracked olive brines.	this work reports the survival (challenge tests) of foodborne pathogen species (escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica) in aloreña de málaga table olive brines. the inhibitions were fit using a log-linear model with tail implemented in ginafit excel software. the olive brine had a considerable inhibitory effect on the pathogens. the residual (final) populations (fp) after 24 h was below detection limit (<1.30 log10 cfu/ml) for all species assayed ...	2016	27375250
functional analysis of a type-i ribosome inactivating protein balsamin from momordica balsamina with anti-microbial and dnase activity.	ribosome inactivating proteins (rips) have received considerable attention in biomedical research because of their unique activities towards tumor and virus-infected cells. we extracted balsamin, a type-i rip, from momordica balsamina. in the present study, a detailed investigation on dnase activity, antioxidant capacity and antibacterial activity was conducted using purified balsamin. dnase-like activity of balsamin towards plasmid dna was ph, incubation time and temperature dependent. moreover ...	2016	27319013
intranasal immunization with a peptide conjugated to salmonella flagellin induces both systemic and mucosal peptide-specific antibody responses in mice.	in this study, the mucosal adjuvant activity of salmonella flagellin as a carrier in a conjugate of exp153-rflic was investigated. exp153-rflic was made by conjugation of a synthetic b-cell epitope peptide derived from plasmodium falciparum exported protein-1(exp153) to recombinant phase 1 flagellin of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium expressed in escherichia coli (rflic), and used to immunize balb/c mice via intranasal instillation. it was found that robust exp153-specific serum igg anti ...	2016	27301339
heterologous expression of der homologs in an escherichia coli der mutant and their functional complementation.	the unique escherichia coli gtpase der (double era-like gtpase), which contains tandemly repeated gtp-binding domains, has been shown to play an essential role in 50s ribosomal subunit biogenesis. the depletion of der results in the accumulation of precursors of 50s ribosomal subunits that are structurally unstable at low mg(2+) concentrations. der homologs are ubiquitously found in eubacteria. conversely, very few are conserved in eukaryotes, and none is conserved in archaea. in the present stu ...	2016	27297882
structural flexibility of the periplasmic protein, flga, regulates flagellar p-ring assembly in salmonella enterica.	a periplasmic flagellar chaperone protein, flga, is required for p-ring assembly in bacterial flagella of taxa such as salmonella enterica or escherichia coli. the mechanism of chaperone-mediated p-ring formation is poorly understood. here we present the open and closed crystal structures of flga from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, grown under different crystallization conditions. an intramolecular disulfide cross-linked form of flga caused a dominant negative effect on motility of the ...	2016	27273476
adding biotic complexity alters the metabolic benefits of mutualism.	mutualism is ubiquitous in nature and plays an integral role in most communities. to predict the eco-evolutionary dynamics of mutualism it is critical to extend classic pair-wise analysis to include additional species. we investigated the effect of adding a third species to a pair-wise mutualism in a spatially structured environment. we tested the hypotheses that selection for costly excretions in a focal population (i) decreases when an exploiter is added (ii) increases when a third mutualist i ...	2016	27272242
dynamics of antagonistic potency of rhodobacter capsulatus pg lipopolysaccharide against endotoxin-induced effects.	the dynamics of antagonistic potency of lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from rhodobacter capsulatus pg on the synthesis of proinflammatory (tnf-α, il-1β, il-8, il-6, ifn-γ) and antiinflammatory (il-10, il-1ra) cytokines induced by highly stimulatory endotoxins from escherichia coli or salmonella enterica have been studied. using human whole blood, we have shown that r. capsulatus pg lps inhibited most pronouncedly the endotoxin-induced synthesis of tnf-α, il-1β, il-8, and il-6 during the first ...	2016	27262197
a modular, tn7-based system for making bioluminescent or fluorescent salmonella and escherichia coli strains.	our goal was to develop a robust tagging method that can be used to track bacterial strains in vivo to address this challenge, we adapted two existing systems: a modular plasmid-based reporter system (pcs26) that has been used for high-throughput gene expression studies in salmonella and escherichia coli and tn7 transposition. we generated kanamycin- and chloramphenicol-resistant versions of pcs26 with bacterial luciferase, green fluorescent protein (gfp), and mcherry reporters under the control ...	2016	27260360
qnrs1- and aac(6')-ib-cr-producing escherichia coli among isolates from animals of different sources: susceptibility and genomic characterization.	salmonella enterica and escherichia coli can inhabit humans and animals from multiple origins. these bacteria are often associated with gastroenteritis in animals, being a frequent cause of resistant zoonotic infections. in fact, bacteria from animals can be transmitted to humans through the food chain and direct contact. in this study, we aimed to assess the antibiotic susceptibility of a collection of s. enterica and e. coli recovered from animals of different sources, performing a genomic com ...	2016	27242699
characterization of beauty salon wastewater from kwame nkrumah university of science and technology, kumasi, ghana, and its surrounding communities.	due to the increase in students' population over the years, the kwame nkrumah university of science and technology (knust), kumasi, ghana, and its surrounding communities have seen an increase in the number of beauty salons. the assessment of the quality of salon wastewater has received little attention, as a potential source of environmental and public health hazard, due to the lack of literature on this issue. the main aim of this study is to assess wastewater effluent characteristics in knust ...	2016	27594788
pcr-based typing of incc plasmids.	incc (a/c2) plasmids are known to play an important role in the spread of multiple antibiotic resistance determinants, including extended-spectrum β-lactamases and carbapenamases, amongst gram negative bacterial populations. the ability to identify and track these plasmids is valuable in epidemiological and clinical studies. a recent comparative analysis of the backbones of sequenced incc plasmids identified two distinct lineages, type 1 and type 2, with different evolutionary histories. here, a ...	2016	27590677
a feed-forward loop between sroc and mgrr small rnas modulates the expression of eptb and the susceptibility to polymyxin b in salmonella typhimurium.	base-pairing small rnas (srnas) regulate gene expression commonly by direct interaction with cognate mrnas. nevertheless, recent studies have expanded this knowledge with the discovery of the rna 'sponges' which are able to interact and repress the functions of classical base-pairing srnas. in this work, we present evidence indicating that the sponge rna sroc from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium base pairs with the mgrr srna, thereby antagonizing its regulatory effects on both gene expre ...	2016	27571709
novel insights from molecular docking of sdia from salmonella enteritidis and escherichia coli with quorum sensing and quorum quenching molecules.	quorum sensing is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism leading to differential gene expression in response to high population density. the autoinducer-1 (ai-1) type quorum sensing system is incomplete in escherichia coli and salmonella due to the lack of the ai-1 synthase (luxi homolog) responsible for acyl homoserine lactone (ahl) synthesis. however, these bacteria encode the ahl receptor sdia (a luxr homolog) leading to gene regulation in response to ai-1 produced by other bacteria. this stu ...	2016	27565088
do bacterial cell numbers follow a theoretical poisson distribution? comparison of experimentally obtained numbers of single cells with random number generation via computer simulation.	we investigated a bacterial sample preparation procedure for single-cell studies. in the present study, we examined whether single bacterial cells obtained via 10-fold dilution followed a theoretical poisson distribution. four serotypes of salmonella enterica, three serotypes of enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli and one serotype of listeria monocytogenes were used as sample bacteria. an inoculum of each serotype was prepared via a 10-fold dilution series to obtain bacterial cell counts with me ...	2016	27554145
the molecular chaperone dnak is a source of mutational robustness.	molecular chaperones, also known as heat-shock proteins, refold misfolded proteins and help other proteins reach their native conformation. thanks to these abilities, some chaperones, such as the hsp90 protein or the chaperonin groel, can buffer the deleterious phenotypic effects of mutations that alter protein structure and function. hsp70 chaperones use a chaperoning mechanism different from that of hsp90 and groel, and it is not known whether they can also buffer mutations. here, we show that ...	2016	27497316
detection of quinolone resistance in salmonella typhimurium pig isolates determined by gyra gene mutation using pcr- and sequence-based techniques within the gyra gene.	the emergence of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones among salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium isolates leading to clinical failure of treatment poses a great therapeutic challenge.	2016	27494067
development of ceftriaxone resistance in salmonella enterica serotype oranienburg during therapy for bacteremia.	the majority of nontyphoid salmonella infection is identified in children. when an invasive or severe salmonella infection is encountered, ceftriaxone is recommended for such patients. a 2-year-old girl was hospitalized for the treatment of salmonella bacteremia and discharged with standard ceftriaxone treatment. she was readmitted to the hospital after 2 days due to the recurrence of the salmonella bacteremia. the study aimed to unveil the mechanism for the relapse.	2016	24657069
frequency of blood culture isolates and their antibiogram in a teaching hospital.	bloodstream infections are associated with significant patient morbidity and mortality. antimicrobial susceptibility patterns should guide the choice of empiric antimicrobial regimens for patients with bacteremia.	2016	26905550
effectiveness of the typhoid vi vaccine in overseas travelers from england.	approximately 500 cases of enteric fever, caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi and paratyphi, are reported in the uk each year. the majority are associated with travel to the indian subcontinent. the typhoid vi vaccine protects against s. typhi and is available to travelers from their general practice or private clinics. the effectiveness of this vaccine has been assessed previously in endemic regions of the world but not in travelers.	2016	25444695
pulmonary consolidation versus splenic abscess due to salmonella enterica.		2016	25443589
coadministration of cruzipain and gm-csf dnas, a new immunotherapeutic vaccine against trypanosoma cruzi infection.	therapeutic vaccine research and development are especially important in chagas disease considering the characteristics of the chronic infection and the number of people in the americas living with a parasite infection for decades. we have previously reported the efficacy of attenuated salmonella enterica (s) carrying plasmid encoding cruzipain (scz) to protect against trypanosoma cruzi infection. in the present work we investigated whether cz dna vaccine immunotherapy could be effective in cont ...	2016	26312947
first report of iliacus abscess caused by salmonella enterica serovar othmarschen.	the non-typhoidal bacterium salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar othmarschen (salmonella othmarschen) is a rare human pathogen. abscess formation due to non-typhoidal salmonella infections is a very rare complication in this antibiotic era. we report the first case of iliacus abscess after a short period of gastroenteritis which was caused by non-typhoidal salmonella enterica belonging to group c1, serovar othmarschen in a patient without any underlying conditions. a young female pres ...	2016	26482919
a simple integrated microfluidic device for the multiplexed fluorescence-free detection of salmonella enterica.	rapid, inexpensive and simplistic nucleic acid testing (nat) is pivotal in delivering biotechnology solutions at the point-of-care (poc). we present a poly(methylmethacrylate) (pmma) microdevice where on-board infrared-mediated pcr amplification is seamlessly integrated with a particle-based, visual dna detection for specific detection of bacterial targets in less than 35 minutes. fluidic control is achieved using a capillary burst valve laser-ablated in a novel manner to confine the pcr reagent ...	2016	26658961
case report: an outbreak of food-borne typhoid fever due to salmonella enterica serotype typhi in japan reported for the first time in 16 years.	for the first time in 16 years, a food-borne outbreak of typhoid fever due to salmonella enterica serotype typhi was reported in japan. seven patients consumed food in an indian buffet at a restaurant in the center of tokyo, while one was a nepali chef in the restaurant, an asymptomatic carrier and the implicated source of this outbreak. the multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis showed 100% consistency in the genomic sequence for five of the eight cases.	2016	26621565
molecular epidemiological characteristics of salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis, typhimurium and livingstone strains isolated in a tunisian university hospital.	enteritidis, typhimurium and livingstone are the main salmonella enterica serovars recovered in tunisia. here, we aimed to assess the genetic diversity of fifty-seven salmonella enterica strains from different sampling periods, origins and settings using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) and multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (mlva). salmonella enteritidis, isolated from human and food sources from two regions in sfax in 2007, were groupe ...	2016	26608804
host stress drives salmonella recrudescence.	host stress is well known to result in flare-ups of many bacterial, viral and parasitic infections. the mechanism by which host stress is exploited to increase pathogen loads, is poorly understood. here we show that salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar typhimurium employs a dedicated mechanism, driven by the scsa gene, to respond to the host stress hormone cortisol. through this mechanism, cortisol increases salmonella proliferation inside macrophages, resulting in increased intestina ...	2016	26857846
differences in host cell invasion and salmonella pathogenicity island 1 expression between salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi a and nontyphoidal s. typhimurium.	active invasion into nonphagocytic host cells is central to salmonella enterica pathogenicity and dependent on multiple genes within salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi-1). here, we explored the invasion phenotype and the expression of spi-1 in the typhoidal serovars paratyphi a compared to that of the nontyphoidal serovars typhimurium. we demonstrate that while s. typhimurium is equally invasive under both aerobic and microaerobic conditions, s. paratyphi a invades only following growth unde ...	2016	26857569
correction: genomic comparison of non-typhoidal salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium, enteritidis, heidelberg, hadar and kentucky isolates from broiler chickens.		2016	26854571
sos system induction inhibits the assembly of chemoreceptor signaling clusters in salmonella enterica.	swarming, a flagellar-driven multicellular form of motility, is associated with bacterial virulence and increased antibiotic resistance. in this work we demonstrate that activation of the sos response reversibly inhibits swarming motility by preventing the assembly of chemoreceptor-signaling polar arrays. we also show that an increase in the concentration of the reca protein, generated by sos system activation, rather than another function of this genetic network impairs chemoreceptor polar clus ...	2016	26784887
production of recombinant salmonella flagellar protein, flgk, and its uses in detection of anti-salmonella antibodies in chickens by automated capillary immunoassay.	conventional immunoblot assays are a useful tool for specific protein identification, but tedious, labor-intensive and time-consuming. a capillary electrophoresis-based immunoblot assay so-called "simple western" was developed to enable the protein identification in an automatic manner. this communication describes the use of simple western for detecting anti-salmonella flgk antibodies from chicken sera.	2016	26784737
molecular characterization of salmonella enterica serovars isolated from a turkey production facility in the absence of selective antimicrobial pressure.	this study evaluated antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors in salmonella enterica isolated from a turkey flock in which the birds were raised in an environment where antimicrobials were not administered to the birds, either through feed or water. salmonella was isolated from turkeys and various environmental samples in the facility using conventional microbiological procedures. isolates were serotyped and analyzed phenotypically by antimicrobial resistance profiling and genotypically by ...	2016	26653998