Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| nasopharyngeal aspirate cytokine levels 1 yr after severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is an important cause of recurrent wheezing in infants. nevertheless, the link between rsv infection and wheezing has yet to be elucidated at the molecular level. here, we present a preliminary study on the evolution of the immune response in the respiratory tract at long-term after rsv infection. twenty-seven immune mediators were profiled in nasopharyngeal aspirates (npas) obtained from 20 children hospitalized due to a severe infection by rsv at dis ... | 2009 | 19302175 |
| 4-methoxycinnamaldehyde inhibited human respiratory syncytial virus in a human larynx carcinoma cell line. | 4-methoxycinnamaldehyde, an active constituent of agastache rugosa, was examined for its cytoprotective activity against rsv by xtt method in human larynx carcinoma cell line. 4-methoxycinnamaldehyde could effectively inhibit cytopathic effect of rsv (p<0.0001) with an estimated ic(50) of 0.055microg/ml and a selectivity index (si) of 898.2. 4-methoxycinnamaldehyde (0.03microg/ml) could inhibit viral entrance by interfering viral attachment (ic(50) of 0.06microg/ml; p<0.0001) and internalization ... | 2009 | 19303275 |
| surfactant protein c-deficient mice are susceptible to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | patients with mutations in the pulmonary surfactant protein c (sp-c) gene develop interstitial lung disease and pulmonary exacerbations associated with viral infections including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). pulmonary infection with rsv caused more severe interstitial thickening, air space consolidation, and goblet cell hyperplasia in sp-c-deficient (sftpc(-/-)) mice compared with sp-c replete mice. the rsv-induced pathology resolved more slowly in sftpc(-/-) mice with lung inflammation pe ... | 2009 | 19304906 |
| an outbreak of human metapneumovirus infection in hospitalized psychiatric adult patients in taiwan. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a paramyxovirus that is associated with respiratory tract infection (rti) mostly in children, but these outbreaks have rarely been reported in adults. we encountered an outbreak of this disease involving 10 adults in a psychiatric ward in eastern taiwan. the nasopharyngeal swab specimens from 13 patients with symptoms of rti were obtained and analyzed. the rt-pcr tests were negative to influenza virus a/b, adenovirus, rsv, parainfluenza virus, coronavirus, nipah v ... | 2009 | 19308801 |
| bronchiolitis: from empiricism to scientific evidence. | bronchiolitis is the most common viral infection of the lower respiratory tract in infants in their first year of life, with an incidence peak between 3 and 9 months of age. the clinical profile of bronchiolitis results from the inflammatory obstruction of the small airways. the etiological agent involved is respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in more than 50% of cases. the first international guidelines on the management of children with bronchiolitis have recently been published. the first was p ... | 2009 | 19322125 |
| the host response and molecular pathogenesis associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection. | since the isolation of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in 1956, its significance as an important human pathogen in infants, the elderly and the immunocompromised has been established. many important mechanisms contributing to rsv infection, replication and disease pathogenesis have been uncovered; however, there is still insufficient knowledge in these and related areas, which must be addressed to facilitate the development of safe and effective vaccines and therapeutic treatments. a better un ... | 2009 | 19327115 |
| motavizumab, a second-generation humanized mab for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk populations. | evolved from palivizumab, motavizumab is a second-generation humanized mab that is in development by medimmune for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in high-risk populations; the drug is also under investigation for the same indication by abbott laboratories. motavizumab targets a highly conserved epitope in the a antigenic site of the rsv fusion (f) protein, which is important in the invasion of rsv from cell to cell. motavizumab, which differs from palivizumab by ju ... | 2009 | 19330726 |
| [use of multiplex pcr method with real-time detection for differential diagnosis of respiratory viral infections]. | multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction test-system with fluorescent detection (rt-pcr) for simultaneous identification of main agents of acute respiratory viral infections: influenza a (iav) and b viruses (ibv), parainfluenza viruses types 1, 2, 3, 4 (piv 1 - 4), adenoviruses (adv), respiratory syncitial virus (rsv), rhinoviruses (rv) and enteroviruses (ev), in presence internal positive control (ipc) represented by vaccine strain of rubella virus ra 27/3. using multiplex rt-pcr method, r ... | 2009 | 19338239 |
| enhanced delivery and expression of a nanoencapsulated dna vaccine vector for respiratory syncytial virus. | this study evaluated the efficiency of chitosan-encapsulated dna-based respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) vaccine. antigenic regions of rsv f, m2, and g genes were cloned into the human cytomegalovirus promoter-based constitutive expression vector, resulting in a dna vaccine vector named dr-fm2g. this vector was used to formulate dna-chitosan nanoparticles (dcnps) using a complex coacervation process that yielded an encapsulation efficiency of 94.7%. the dcnp sizes ranged from 80 to 150 nm with u ... | 2009 | 19341819 |
| systemic cytokine response profiles associated with respiratory virus-induced acute otitis media. | acute otitis media (aom) results from a complex interplay between the infectious agents and host immune responses. cytokines play a major role in the pathogenesis of aom, but there are few studies on the systemic cytokine response during aom. | 2009 | 19352211 |
| human metapneumovirus establishes persistent infection in the lungs of mice and is reactivated by glucocorticoid treatment. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has been identified as a worldwide agent of serious upper and lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. hmpv is second only to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) as a leading cause of bronchiolitis, and, like rsv, consists of two major genotypes that cocirculate and vary among communities year to year. children who have experienced acute hmpv infection may develop sequelae of wheezing and asthma; however, the features contributing to this patho ... | 2009 | 19357175 |
| [effects of san'ao decoction and its analogous prescriptions on airway inflammation in mice with respiratory syncytial virus- and ovalbumin-induced asthma]. | to evaluate the effects of san'ao decoction (sad) and its analogous prescriptions (aps), compounds of traditional chinese herbal medicine for asthma, on airway inflammation in mice with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)- and ovalbumin (ova)-induced asthma. | 2009 | 19361366 |
| retroviral capsid assembly: a role for the ca dimer in initiation. | in maturing retroviral virions, ca protein assembles to form a capsid shell that is essential for infectivity. the structure of the two folded domains [n-terminal domain (ntd) and c-terminal domain (ctd)] of ca is highly conserved among various retroviruses, and the capsid assembly pathway, although poorly understood, is thought to be conserved as well. in vitro assembly reactions with purified ca proteins of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) were used to define factors that influence the kinetics of ... | 2009 | 19361521 |
| humoral immunity to respiratory syncytial virus in young and elderly adults. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been demonstrated to cause substantial disease in elderly and immunocompromised subjects. the relationship of serum antibody to rsv infection and the risk of infection in elderly subjects is controversial, thus we evaluated the presence of neutralizing antibodies to rsv in healthy people of different age groups and the correlation with viral protection. baseline blood samples from 197 subjects aged 20-80 years were analysed for the presence of anti-rsv antib ... | 2009 | 19366492 |
| adenovirus-mediated thymidine kinase gene therapy induces apoptosis in human epithelial ovarian cancer cells and damages parp-1. | adenoviral (adv) gene therapy with the thymidine kinase gene (tk) under control of the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) promotor followed by the administration of acyclovir leads to replication errors in transcription and to cell death. this concept of adv-rsv-tk has been established for the treatment of ovarian cancer cells. the purpose of this investigation was to clarify whether cell death after adv-rsv-tk gene therapy and acyclovir administration is indeed due to apoptosis induction, whether the syn ... | 2009 | 19368128 |
| genetic evidence for a connection between rous sarcoma virus gag nuclear trafficking and genomic rna packaging. | the packaging of retroviral genomic rna (grna) requires cis-acting elements within the rna and trans-acting elements within the gag polyprotein. the packaging signal psi, at the 5' end of the viral grna, binds to gag through interactions with basic residues and cys-his box rna-binding motifs in the nucleocapsid. although specific interactions between gag and grna have been demonstrated previously, where and when they occur is not well understood. we discovered that the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) g ... | 2009 | 19369339 |
| fosfomycin suppresses chemokine induction in airway epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infects airway epithelial cells, causing bronchiolitis and pneumonia. inflammation is mediated by various cytokines secreted from rsv-infected airway epithelial cells, and it promotes the pathogenesis of rsv-related diseases. fosfomycin (fof) is approved as a treatment for various bacterial infectious diseases, including respiratory infectious diseases, in japan. fof is suggested to exhibit immunomodulatory effects on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes and ... | 2009 | 19369476 |
| respiratory viruses and eosinophils: exploring the connections. | in this review, we consider the role played by eosinophilic leukocytes in the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of respiratory virus infection. the vast majority of the available information on this topic focuses on respiratory syncytial virus (rsv; family paramyxoviridae, genus pneumovirus), an important pediatric pathogen that infects infants worldwide. there is no vaccine currently available for rsv. a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine used in a trial in the 1960s elicited immunopathology in re ... | 2009 | 19375458 |
| seasonality of respiratory viral identification varies with age and aboriginality in metropolitan western australia. | viral respiratory infections are a major cause of pediatric illness. it is not known whether seasonality of viruses differs between aboriginal and non-aboriginal children of varying ages. | 2009 | 19384260 |
| the respiratory syncytial virus m2-1 protein forms tetramers and interacts with rna and p in a competitive manner. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) m2-1 protein is an essential cofactor of the viral rna polymerase complex and functions as a transcriptional processivity and antitermination factor. m2-1, which exists in a phosphorylated or unphosphorylated form in infected cells, is an rna-binding protein that also interacts with some of the other components of the viral polymerase complex. it contains a ccch motif, a putative zinc-binding domain that is essential for m2-1 function, at the n terminus. to ... | 2009 | 19386701 |
| formulation of bovine respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein with cpg oligodeoxynucleotide, cationic host defence peptide and polyphosphazene enhances humoral and cellular responses and induces a protective type 1 immune response in mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of serious respiratory tract disease in children and calves; however, rsv vaccine development has been slow due to early observations that formalin-inactivated vaccines induced th2-type immune responses and led to disease enhancement upon subsequent exposure. hence, there is a need for novel adjuvants that will promote a protective th1-type or balanced immune response against rsv. cpg oligodeoxynucleotides (odns), indolicidin, and polyphosph ... | 2009 | 19386785 |
| gene expression of nucleic acid-sensing pattern recognition receptors in children hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute bronchiolitis. | given the critical role of pattern recognition receptors (prrs) in acid nucleic recognition in the initiation of innate immunity and the orchestration of adaptive immunity, the aim of this study was to determine whether any heterogeneity of prr expression in the airway tracts of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection might explain the broad clinical spectrum of rsv-associated bronchiolitis in infants. for this purpose, the levels of melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5 ... | 2009 | 19386802 |
| genetic variability of group a human respiratory syncytial virus strains circulating in germany from 1998 to 2007. | the variability between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) strains is one of the features of rsv infections that might contribute to the ability of the virus to infect people repeatedly and cause yearly outbreaks. to study the molecular epidemiology of rsv, more than 1,400 rsv isolates from human nasopharyngeal aspirates or nasal or throat swabs from patients with respiratory illness were identified and differentiated by taqman reverse transcription-pcr into groups a and b. rsv group a was domina ... | 2009 | 19386848 |
| bugs and asthma: a different disease? | the prevalence of asthma has dramatically increased in recent decades. exacerbations of asthma are a large contributor to asthma-related costs, and are primarily caused by viral and atypical bacterial infections. rhinoviruses (rvs) are the most common viruses detected after an asthma exacerbation. rvs, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and human metapneumovirus (hmpv) viral infections early in life can induce wheezing and are associated with the development of asthma later in life. atypical bac ... | 2009 | 19387028 |
| the effects of disodium cromoglycate on enhanced adherence of haemophilus influenzae to a549 cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | nontypeable haemophilus influenzae (nthi) secondary infection often complicates respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. previous studies have revealed that rsv infections enhance nthi adherence to airway epithelial cells. in this study, we investigated the effects of disodium cromoglycate (dscg) and corticosteroids, which are frequently used for the treatment of wheezing often related to rsv infections, on the adherence of nthi to rsv-infected a549 cells. dscg inhibited enhanced adherence ... | 2009 | 19390482 |
| the cotton rat model of respiratory viral infections. | development of successful vaccines against human infectious diseases depends on using appropriate animal models for testing vaccine efficacy and safety. for some viral infections the task is further complicated by the frequently changing genetic make-up of the virus, as in the case of influenza, or by the existence of the little-understood phenomenon of vaccine-enhanced disease, as in the case of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). the cotton rat sigmodon hispidus has been used for years as an ex ... | 2009 | 19394861 |
| robust and ubiquitous gfp expression in a single generation of chicken embryos using the avian retroviral vector, rcasbp. | functional genomics in avian models has lagged behind that of mammals, and the production of transgenic birds has proven to be challenging and time-consuming. all current methods rely upon breeding chimeric birds through at least one generation. here, we report a rapid method for the ubiquitous expression of gfp in chicken embryos in a single generation (g-0), using the avian retroviral vector, replication-competent avian sarcoma-leukosis virus, with a splice acceptor, bryan rsv pol (rcasbp). hi ... | 2009 | 19395148 |
| effect of dexamethasone on respiratory syncytial virus-induced lung inflammation in children: results of a randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial. | inflammatory mediators play a major role in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of i.v. dexamethasone on cytokine concentrations in tracheal aspirates (ta) of children with severe rsv disease and to correlate them with disease severity. twenty-five cytokines were measured in ta obtained from children <2 yr old intubated for severe rsv disease, and enrolled in a double-blind study of i.v. dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg; ... | 2009 | 19397752 |
| [respiratory syncytial virus infection promotes the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin and accelerates th2 inflammation in mouse airway]. | to investigate the effect of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on the production of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (tslp) and th1/th2 balance in asthmatic mice. | 2009 | 19403406 |
| eleven consecutive years of respiratory syncytial virus outbreaks in croatia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) in infants. the aim of the present study was to analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of rsv outbreaks in croatian children. | 2009 | 19405923 |
| cold oxygen plasma technology efficiency against different airborne respiratory viruses. | respiratory infections caused by viruses are major causes of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. they account for an important mortality and morbidity worldwide. amongst these viruses, influenza viruses and paramyxoviruses are major pathogens. their transmission is mainly airborne, by direct transmission through droplets from infected cases. | 2009 | 19406687 |
| prospective population-based study of rsv-related intermediate care and intensive care unit admissions in switzerland over a 4-year period (2001-2005). | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are a leading cause of hospital admissions in small children. a substantial proportion of these patients require medical and nursing care, which can only be provided in intermediate (imc) or intensive care units (icu). this article reports on all children aged < 3 years who required admission to imc and/or icu between october 1, 2001 and september 30, 2005 in switzerland. | 2009 | 19412586 |
| infection-related mortality in children with malignancy in england and wales, 2003-2005. | infections are an important component of treatment-related mortality in children with malignancy. infection-related mortality is potentially preventable and it is important to identify areas where prevention and treatment can be improved such as through vaccination, early diagnosis and aggressive management. the aim of this study is to describe the infections contributing to deaths in children under 15 years with malignancy in england and wales in the period 2003-2005. | 2009 | 19415733 |
| recurrent wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus or non-respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis in infancy: a 3-year follow-up. | recent studies have suggested that rhinovirus-associated early wheezing is a greater risk factor for development of recurrent wheezing in children than is early wheezing associated with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). we determined the development of recurrent wheezing in young children within 3 years after hospitalization for rsv or non-rsv bronchiolitis. | 2009 | 19416146 |
| breastfeeding reduces the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection among young infants: a multi-center prospective study. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of breastfeeding on the severity of respiratory syncytial virus infection in early infancy. | 2009 | 19419530 |
| respiratory syncytial virus-induced activation and migration of respiratory dendritic cells and subsequent antigen presentation in the lung-draining lymph node. | in the respiratory tract, different dendritic cell (dc) populations guard a tight balance between tolerance and immunity to infectious or harmless materials to which the airways are continuously exposed. for infectious and noninfectious antigens administered via different routes, different subsets of dc might contribute during the induction of t-cell tolerance and immunity. we studied the impact of primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection on respiratory dc composition in c57bl/6 mice. ... | 2009 | 19420085 |
| respiratory syncytial virus proteins modulate suppressors of cytokine signaling 1 and 3 and the type i interferon response to infection by a toll-like receptor pathway. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of repeat infections throughout life and potentially severe lower respiratory tract illness in infants, young children, and the elderly. rsv proteins have been shown to contribute to immune evasion by several means, including modification of cytokine and chemokine responses whose expression is negatively regulated by suppressor of cytokine signaling (socs) proteins. in this study, we examine the role of socs1 and socs3 regulation of the type i ... | 2009 | 19435411 |
| anticancer oncolytic activity of respiratory syncytial virus. | oncolytic virotherapy is an emerging biotherapeutic platform for cancer treatment, which is based on selective infection/killing of cancer cells by viruses. herein we identify the human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) as an oncolytic virus. using prostate cancer models, we show dramatic enhancement of rsv infectivity in vitro in the androgen-independent, highly metastatic pc-3 human prostate cancer cells compared to the non-tumorigenic rwpe-1 human prostate cells. the oncolytic efficiency of r ... | 2009 | 19444304 |
| upregulation of tlr7 and tlr3 gene expression in the lung of respiratory syncytial virus infected mice. | tlr7 and tlr3 (toll-like receptor, tlr) are important pattern recognition receptors (prrs) that recognize the single-strand rna and double-strand rna of virus-origin. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) could be recognized by both tlr7 and tlr3. we studied the kinetics and profile of lung tlr7 and tlr3 expression during the early phase of the rsv infection, and explored their expression correlation with pulmonary inflammatory response. | 2009 | 19445181 |
| proton-linked dimerization of a retroviral capsid protein initiates capsid assembly. | in mature retroviral particles, the capsid protein (ca) forms a shell encasing the viral replication complex. human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) ca dimerizes in solution, through its c-terminal domain (ctd), and this interaction is important for capsid assembly. in contrast, other retroviral capsid proteins, including that of rous sarcoma virus (rsv), do not dimerize with measurable affinity. here we show, using x-ray crystallography and other biophysical methods, that acidification causes rsv c ... | 2009 | 19446529 |
| heliox reduces respiratory system resistance in respiratory syncytial virus induced respiratory failure. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) lower respiratory tract disease is characterised by narrowing of the airways resulting in increased airway resistance, air-trapping and respiratory acidosis. these problems might be overcome using helium-oxygen gas mixture. however, the effect of mechanical ventilation with heliox in these patients is unclear. the objective of this prospective cross-over study was to determine the effects of mechanical ventilation with heliox 60/40 versus conventional gas on res ... | 2009 | 19450268 |
| [impact of a respiratory disease prevention program in high-risk preterm infants: a prospective, multicentric study]. | respiratory tract infections (rti), especially those caused by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), are of central concern in high-risk preterm infant care. prevention programs including new and costly interventions should be evaluated in terms of effectiveness and impact. | 2009 | 19452082 |
| emerging drugs for respiratory syncytial virus infection. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) was discovered > 40 years ago, treatment remains largely supportive. there are no safe and effective vaccines or specific treatments other than prophylaxis with passive antibody therapy (palivizumab). however, there are good reasons to think that the scene may soon change. as the pace of development of anti-viral drugs accelerates and optimism over vaccines increases, novel therapies are set to make a major impact in the management of this very common i ... | 2009 | 19453286 |
| structural characterization of the rous sarcoma virus rna stability element. | in eukaryotic cells, an mrna bearing a premature termination codon (ptc) or an abnormally long 3' untranslated region (utr) is often degraded by the nonsense-mediated mrna decay (nmd) pathway. despite the presence of a 5- to 7-kb 3' utr, unspliced retroviral rna escapes this degradation. we previously identified the rous sarcoma virus (rsv) stability element (rse), an rna element downstream of the gag natural translation termination codon that prevents degradation of the unspliced viral rna. ins ... | 2009 | 19091866 |
| excess drug prescriptions during influenza and rsv seasons in the netherlands: potential implications for extended influenza vaccination. | influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections are responsible for considerable morbidity, mortality and health-care resource use. for the netherlands, we estimated age and risk-group specific numbers of antibiotics, otologicals and cardiovascular prescriptions per 10,000 person-years during periods with elevated activity of influenza or rsv, and compared these with peri-season rates. data were taken from the university of groningen in-house prescription database (www.iadb.nl) and vi ... | 2009 | 19071185 |
| lack of antibody affinity maturation due to poor toll-like receptor stimulation leads to enhanced respiratory syncytial virus disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of hospitalization in infants. a formalin-inactivated rsv vaccine was used to immunize children and elicited nonprotective, pathogenic antibody. immunized infants experienced increased morbidity after subsequent rsv exposure. no vaccine has been licensed since that time. a widely accepted hypothesis attributed the vaccine failure to formalin disruption of protective antigens. here we show that the lack of protection was not due to alterations ... | 2009 | 19079256 |
| [lower respiratory tract infections with influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses in hospitalized elderly patients during the 2005-2006 winter season]. | to assess the proportion of lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) attributable to influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) during the 2005-2006 winter period, among hospitalized elderly in a geriatric unit of a french hospital near paris and and describe the characteristics of these infections. | 2009 | 19097850 |
| respiratory syncytial virus neutralizing antibodies in cord blood, respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization, and recurrent wheeze. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization is associated with wheeze. | 2009 | 19101023 |
| genetic diversity of the host and severe respiratory syncytial virus-induced lower respiratory tract infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-induced lower respiratory tract disease is a common problem in children and adults in western societies. the clinical range of rsv infection from asymptomatic to respiratory distress syndrome is believed to be the outcome of viral and host immunity interactions. genes associated with immune response are of particular interest regarding genetic predisposition to severe rsv infection. several investigators have sought to identify genetic markers for high-risk pati ... | 2009 | 19106772 |
| dscg reduces rsv-induced illness in rsv-infected mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the pathogens generally associated with the common cold, lower respiratory infection, and exacerbation of asthma. disodium cromoglycate (dscg) is a safe and widely used drug for the prevention of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis attacks. the effect of dscg on acute upper respiratory tract viral infections remains controversial. the purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of dscg on parameters of rsv induced-illness. using a well-chara ... | 2009 | 19107959 |
| pc4, a putative movement protein of rice stripe virus, interacts with a type i dnaj protein and a small hsp of rice. | rice stripe virus (rsv) infects rice and causes great yield reduction in some asian countries. in this study, rice cdna library was screened by a gal4-based yeast two-hybrid system using pc4, a putative movement protein of rsv, as the bait. a number of positive colonies were identified and sequence analysis revealed that they might correspond to ten independent proteins. two of them were selected and further characterized. the two proteins were a j protein and a small hsp, respectively. interact ... | 2009 | 19130198 |
| the causal direction in the association between respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization and asthma. | earlier studies have reported an increased risk of asthma after respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) hospitalization. other studies found that asthmatic disposition and propensity to wheeze increase the risk of rsv hospitalization. | 2009 | 19130934 |
| respiratory syncytial virus inhibits lung epithelial na+ channels by up-regulating inducible nitric-oxide synthase. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection has been shown to reduce na+-driven alveolar fluid clearance in balb/c mice in vivo. to investigate the cellular mechanisms by which rsv inhibits amiloride-sensitive epithelial na+ channels (enac), the main pathways through which na+ ions enter lung epithelial cells, we infected human clara-like lung (h441) cells with rsv that expresses green fluorescent protein (rra2). 3-6 days later patch clamp recordings showed that infected cells (i.e. cells expres ... | 2009 | 19131335 |
| genetic association study for rsv bronchiolitis in infancy at the 5q31 cytokine cluster. | the pathophysiological basis of severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) bronchiolitis in infancy is poorly understood and has hindered vaccine development. studies implicate the cell-mediated immune response in the pathogenesis of the disease. a recent twin study estimated a heritable contribution of 22% to rsv bronchiolitis. genetic epidemiology provides a new approach to identifying important immune determinants of disease severity. | 2009 | 19131452 |
| cigarette smoke alters respiratory syncytial virus-induced apoptosis and replication. | individuals exposed to cigarette smoke have a greater number and severity of viral infections, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections, than do nonsmokers, but the cellular mechanism is unknown. our objective was to determine the mechanism by which cigarette smoke augments viral infection. we hypothesize that cigarette smoke causes necrosis and prevents virus-induced cellular apoptosis, and that this is associated with increased inflammation and viral replication. primary airway e ... | 2009 | 19131644 |
| efficacy of oral ribavirin in lung transplant patients with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) can cause severe lower respiratory tract infection (lri) and is a risk factor for the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (bos) after lung transplantation (ltx). currently, the most widely used therapy for rsv is inhaled ribavirin. however, this therapy is costly and cumbersome. we investigated the utility of using oral ribavirin for the treatment of rsv infection after ltx. | 2009 | 19134533 |
| lower levels of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in peripheral blood are associated with a diagnosis of asthma 6 yr after severe respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pdc) play a crucial role in antiviral immunity and promoting th1 polarization, possibly protecting against development of allergic disease. examination of the relationship between peripheral blood plasmacytoid dc levels and manifestations of asthma and atopy early in life. we have isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) from 73 children (mean age +/- sd: 6.6 +/- 0.5 yr old) participating in the rsv bronchiolitis in early life (rbel) study. flow cytometry ... | 2009 | 19140903 |
| pulmonary v gamma 4+ gamma delta t cells have proinflammatory and antiviral effects in viral lung disease. | host defenses, while effecting viral clearance, contribute substantially to inflammation and disease. this double action is a substantial obstacle to the development of safe and effective vaccines against many agents, particularly respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). rsv is a common cold virus and the major cause of infantile bronchiolitis worldwide. the role of alphabeta t cells in rsv-driven immunopathology is well studied, but little is known about the role of "unconventional" t cells. during p ... | 2009 | 19124761 |
| temperature affects expression of symptoms induced by soybean mosaic virus in homozygous and heterozygous plants. | seven strains (g1 to g7) of soybean mosaic virus (smv) and 3 resistance loci (rsv1, rsv3, and rsv4) have been identified in soybean. the interaction of smv strains and host resistance genes results in resistant (symptomless), susceptible (mosaic), or necrotic (leaf and stem necrosis) reactions. the necrotic reaction may be gene dosage dependent and influenced by temperature. using a set of soybean isolines and hybrids containing homozygous or heterozygous alleles of rsv, rsv1, rsv1-n, rsv3, or r ... | 2009 | 19126638 |
| comparison of viral isolation and multiplex real-time reverse transcription-pcr for confirmation of respiratory syncytial virus and influenza virus detection by antigen immunoassays. | we evaluated the prodesse proflu-1 real-time reverse transcription-pcr multiplex assay with the smartcycler instrument for the detection of human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a and b viruses in comparison to conventional cell culture and antigen immunoassays with the bd directigen a+b and binax now rsv assays over two successive respiratory virus seasons. ninety-two percent of the 361 specimens tested were nasopharyngeal aspirates obtained from individual patients, of which 11 ... | 2009 | 19129410 |
| progress towards recombinant anti-infective antibodies. | the global market for monoclonal antibody therapeutics reached a total of $11.2 billion in 2004, with an impressive 42% growth rate over the previous five years and is expected to reach approximately $34 billion by 2010. coupled with this growth are stream-lined product development, production scale-up and regulatory approval processes for the highly conserved antibody structure. while only one of the 21 current fda-approved antibodies, and one of the 38 products in advanced clinical trials targ ... | 2009 | 19149692 |
| [association of inf-gamma/a+874t gene polymorphisms with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis]. | a deficient interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) response has been involved in the pathogenesis of severe respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. gene polymorphisms in ifn-gamma/a+874t have been associated with the susceptibility to asthma and might be related to disease severity of rsv infection. this study investigated the single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) of ifn-gamma/a+874t in han children in wenzhou area and to explore the correlation between gene polymorphisms of ifn-gamma/a+874t and the ... | 2009 | 19149916 |
| seasonal variation of maternally derived respiratory syncytial virus antibodies and association with infant hospitalizations for respiratory syncytial virus. | this study used 459 prospectively sampled cord blood samples to examine the association between maternally derived respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-neutralizing antibodies and the rsv hospitalization season in denmark. we found a clear temporal association and suggest that rsv-neutralizing antibody level plays a role in the rsv seasonal pattern. | 2009 | 19150677 |
| respiratory syncytial virus induces oxidative stress by modulating antioxidant enzymes. | oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lung inflammation. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection induces reactive oxygen species (ros) production in vitro and oxidative injury in lungs in vivo; however, the mechanism of rsv-induced cellular oxidative stress has not been investigated. therefore, we determined whether rsv infection of airway epithelial cells modified the expression and/or activities of antioxidant enzymes (aoe). a549 cells, a human alveolar type ii-li ... | 2009 | 19151318 |
| regulatory t cells promote early influx of cd8+ t cells in the lungs of respiratory syncytial virus-infected mice and diminish immunodominance disparities. | in addition to regulating autoimmunity and antitumor immunity, cd4(+) cd25(+) foxp3(+) natural regulatory t (treg) cells are global regulators of adaptive immune responses. depletion of these cells with the anti-cd25 antibody pc61 prior to primary respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was partial but had several effects on the rsv-specific cd8(+) response in a hybrid mouse model. mediastinal lymph node and spleen epitope-specific cd8(+) t-cell responses were enhanced in treg-cell-depleted ... | 2009 | 19153229 |
| broad spectrum antiviral fractions from the lichen ramalina farinacea (l.) ach. | an ethylacetate-soluble fraction (et4) from the lichen ramalina farinacea has previously been shown to inhibit the infectivity of lentiviral and adenoviral vectors, as well as wild-type hiv-1. we now determined the antiviral activity of et4 against other wild-type viruses, including the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2009 | 19155620 |
| palivizumab: where to from here? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of respiratory tract infections. in severely immunosuppressed patients rsv can cause significant morbidity and mortality. the only fda-approved drug for rsv is aerosolized ribavirin. given the high morbidity and mortality in high-risk populations and inconsistent results with aerosolized ribavirin, new strategies for prevention and treatment of rsv are being sought. palivizumab is an rsv-specific monoclonal antibody. a randomized, double-blind, ... | 2009 | 19063700 |
| tlr4 and myd88 control protection and pulmonary granulocytic recruitment in a murine intranasal rsv immunization and challenge model. | an intranasal vaccine composed of toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) ligand neisseria meningitidis outer membrane proteins and toll-like receptor 4 (tlr4) ligand shigella flexneri lipopolysaccharide (lps) (protollin) and enriched respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) proteins (ersv) has been demonstrated to promote balanced th1/th2 responses without eosinophil recruitment and to protect against challenge in mouse models. we used tlr2, tlr4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (myd88) knock-out (-/-) mice ... | 2009 | 19013492 |
| characterization of a persistent respiratory syncytial virus showing a low-fusogenic activity associated to an impaired f protein. | in this work we have characterized the virus (rsv(48)) present in passage 48 of a respiratory syncytial virus persistently infected murine macrophage-like cell culture. this virus was noncytopathic in macrophages and had a low-fusogenic activity in rsv-permissive cell lines, although the level of this activity varied among the different cell lines tested. the fusogenic activity of rsv(48) in vero cells, as evaluated by the number and size (nuclei per syncytium) of syncytia, was lower than that s ... | 2009 | 19014983 |
| virus-specific ige enhances airway responsiveness on reinfection with respiratory syncytial virus in newborn mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-specific ige is a component of the host response to rsv infection, but its role in the subsequent enhancement of altered airway responsiveness is unknown. | 2009 | 19056111 |
| identification of viral and atypical bacterial pathogens in children hospitalized with acute respiratory infections in hong kong by multiplex pcr assays. | acute respiratory tract infection is a leading cause of hospital admission of children. this study used a broad capture, rapid and sensitive method (multiplex pcr assay) to detect 20 different respiratory pathogens including influenza a subtypes h1, h3, and h5; influenza b; parainfluenza types 1, 2, 3, and 4; respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) groups a and b; adenoviruses; human rhinoviruses; enteroviruses; human metapneumoviruses; human coronaviruses oc43, 229e, and sars-cov; chlamydophila pneum ... | 2009 | 19031443 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in children admitted to hospital but ventilated mechanically for other reasons. | one thousand five hundred sixty-eight rsv infections were documented prospectively in 1,541 pediatric patients. of these, 20 (1.3%) had acquired the rsv infection while treated by mechanical ventilation for reasons other than the actual rsv infection (group ventilated mechanically). the clinical characteristics of children who were infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection while ventilated mechanically for other reasons are described and compared with a matched control group. six ... | 2009 | 19031467 |
| comparison of four nasal sampling methods for the detection of viral pathogens by rt-pcr-a ga(2)len project. | the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and patient discomfort between four techniques for obtaining nasal secretions. nasal secretions from 58 patients with symptoms of a common cold, from three clinical centers (amsterdam, lodz, oslo), were obtained by four different methods: swab, aspirate, brush, and wash. in each patient all four sampling procedures were performed and patient discomfort was evaluated by a visual discomfort scale (scale 1-5) after each procedure. single pathogen rt ... | 2009 | 19041346 |
| association of respiratory virus activity and environmental factors with the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease. | to correlate the incidence rate of invasive pneumococcal disease (ipd) with fluctuations in respiratory virus activity and environmental factors in christchurch, new zealand. | 2009 | 19042025 |
| antiviral activity of nrf2 in a murine model of respiratory syncytial virus disease. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of significant lower respiratory illness in infants and young children, but its pathogenesis is not fully understood. the transcription factor nrf2 protects lungs from oxidative injury and inflammation via antioxidant response element (are)-mediated gene induction. | 2009 | 18931336 |
| lipopolysaccharide induces il-6 production in respiratory syncytial virus-infected airway epithelial cells through the toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of bronchiolitis in young children. microbial agents such as endotoxin and rsv are implicated in airway inflammation during the development of reactive airway disease (rad) later in childhood. toll-like receptors (tlrs) are involved in an inflammation cascade through pathogen-associated molecular pattern recognition including lipopolysaccharide (lps) and viral components. in this study, we investigated the expression of tlrs and cytokine-chemo ... | 2009 | 18948841 |
| inhibition of na+ transport in lung epithelial cells by respiratory syncytial virus infection. | we investigated the mechanisms by which respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection decreases vectorial na+ transport across respiratory epithelial cells. mouse tracheal epithelial (mte) cells from either balb/c or c57bl/6 mice and human airway h441 cells were grown on semipermeable supports under an air-liquid interface. cells were infected with rsv-a2 and mounted in ussing chambers for measurements of short-circuit currents (i(sc)). infection with rsv for 24 hours (multiplicity of infection = ... | 2009 | 18952569 |
| mechanical ventilation enhances lung inflammation and caspase activity in a model of mouse pneumovirus infection. | severe infection with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) in children can progress to respiratory distress and acute lung injury (ali). accumulating evidence suggests that mechanical ventilation (mv) is an important cofactor in the development of ali by modulating the host immune responses to bacteria. this study investigates whether mv enhances the host response to pneumonia virus of mice (pvm), a mouse pneumovirus that has been used as a model for rsv infection in humans. balb/c mice were inocul ... | 2009 | 18996903 |
| effect of variation in rantes promoter on serum rantes levels and risk of recurrent wheezing after rsv bronchiolitis in children from han, southern china. | to investigate the association among rantes (regulated on activation normal t cell expressed and secreted) gene promoter polymorphism, serum rantes levels, and recurrent wheezing after rsv (respiratory syncytial virus) bronchiolitis in children (1-12 months of age) from han, southern china. three hundred twenty children with rsv bronchiolitis and 272 controls were enrolled in the 3-year follow-up study. the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-relp), enzyme-lin ... | 2009 | 19005677 |
| respiratory syncytial virus activates innate immunity through toll-like receptor 2. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of infection that is associated with a range of respiratory illnesses, from common cold-like symptoms to serious lower respiratory tract illnesses such as pneumonia and bronchiolitis. rsv is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract illness in children <1 year of age. host innate and acquired immune responses activated following rsv infection have been suspected to contribute to rsv disease. toll-like receptors (tlrs) a ... | 2009 | 19019963 |
| pre-existing disease is associated with a significantly higher risk of death in severe respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 600,000 deaths worldwide are estimated to be directly or indirectly attributable to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2009 | 18653625 |
| healthy but not rsv-infected lung epithelial cells profoundly inhibit t cell activation. | respiratory viruses, including respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), can cause asthma exacerbations and bronchiolitis. both conditions are associated with enhanced cognate immune responses and inflammation and reduced immune regulation. lung epithelial cells (lecs) can contribute to antiviral and allergic immune responses while gut epithelial cells can inhibit effector t cell responses. a study was performed to determine whether healthy lecs regulate antigen-specific t cell responses and if this re ... | 2009 | 18710906 |
| association of tnf-alpha with severe respiratory syncytial virus infection and bronchial asthma. | tumor necrosis factor (tnf-)alpha is a proinflammatory cytokine that is important in the innate host defence and thus in the defence of infectious agents. however, in excess it provokes the development of chronic inflammatory diseases. the aim of this study was to test association of tnf with severe rsv bronchiolitis as example of an infectious disease and asthma as representative for a chronic inflammatory condition. the following study populations were genotyped for 4 polymorphisms within tnf- ... | 2009 | 18811622 |
| respiratory syncytial virus prophylaxis: a survey of pediatric solid organ transplant centers. | rsv can cause respiratory illness after sot, yet preventive recommendations are lacking for this population. to ascertain current preventive practices against rsv disease in pediatric sot candidates and recipients, a survey was developed. the survey was mailed to 108 sot programs in the united states (liver, 42; heart, 28; lung, 11; intestinal, 25; and heart-lung, 2). results were tabulated and analyzed using standard methods. sixty-two percent (67/108) of surveys were completed. forty-nine perc ... | 2009 | 18785906 |
| multiple viral respiratory pathogens in children with bronchiolitis. | the aim of the study was to describe the frequency of viral pathogens and relative frequency of co-infections in nasal specimens obtained from young children with bronchiolitis receiving care at a children's hospital. | 2009 | 18785966 |
| influenza- and respiratory syncytial virus-associated adult mortality in soweto. | influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections cause seasonal excess mortality and hospitalisation in adults (particularly the elderly) in high-income countries. little information exists on the impact of these infections on adults in africa. | 2009 | 20128275 |
| the role of toll-like receptors in regulating the immune response against respiratory syncytial virus. | toll-like receptors (tlrs) play a distinct role in battling respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infections. however, due to a lack of representative animal models and several early controversies, the field is unclear. in this systematic review, we have elucidated conflicting results and outlined important factors that might affect study outcomes. we reviewed studies that used different doses/viral strains, performed virus propagation in different cell lines, or used different mice strains. the fol ... | 2009 | 20121698 |
| variation of respiratory syncytial virus and the relation with meteorological factors in different winter seasons. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral agent causing severe respiratory disease in infants and children. in temperate climates, rsv activity typically peaks during winter. we have described the seasonal variation in rsv activity and investigated which meteorological variables are related to rsv outbreaks for different time lags. | 2009 | 20118684 |
| anti-virus effect of traditional chinese medicine yi-fu-qing granule on acute respiratory tract infections. | yi-fu-qing granule is a traditional chinese medicine for the treatment of acute respiratory tract infections. the present study sought to investigate the anti-virus effects of yi-fu-qing granule on acute respiratory infections with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and human adenoviruses type 3 (ad3). the cytotoxicity of yi-fu-qing granule was evaluated by the neutral red assay on hela cells. the antiviral effect of yi-fu-qing granule was tested by observing the cytopathogenic effect (cpe) with ... | 2009 | 20103834 |
| [isolation and identification of avian leukosis virus-b from layer chickens infected with avian leukosis virus-j]. | two strains of avian leukosis virus subgroup b (alv-b) were isolated for the first time in china hy-line white on the cultured df-1 cells which were inoculated tissue samples from by an elisa assay, a histopathology examination and a pcr-based diagnosis. the results from the elisa assay indicated that the positive rate of serum antibodies to alv-b and alv-j virus were 16.3% (15/92) and 13% (12/92), respectively. the histopathological examination indicated that two types of tumor cells existed at ... | 2009 | 20077935 |
| motavizumab. | motavizumab (medi-524, numax) is a second generation monoclonal antibody (mab) derived from palivizumab (synagis) using affinity maturation techniques. motavizumab is currently undergoing us food and drug administration review as a treatment for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) prophylaxis. it has been evaluated in large-scale clinical studies, and has demonstrated efficacy in reducing the disease burden of rsv in high-risk infant populations. | 2009 | 20065632 |
| novel therapies for an old virus: treatment of rsv infections in the 21st century. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a pathogen whose existence has been known for decades, causing mild-to-severe upper and lower respiratory tract infections that bear the risk of subsequent asthma and can even lead to a fatal outcome. rsv infects all groups of patients and is a major cause of hospitalization in children and in the elderly. this review briefly summarizes the current status of rsv drug development and clinical trials for drugs available for the treatment of rsv infections. | 2009 | 19883332 |
| [the burden and outcomes of acute bronchiolitis among young children hospitalized in israel]. | acute bronchiolitis (ab) is a significant indication for hospitalization during the winter period. underlying conditions increase risk for severe manifestations. | 2009 | 20027974 |
| [transcription factors in spinal dorsal root ganglion in rats recurrently infected with respiratory syncytial virus]. | to elucidate intracellular transcription factor activation of c(7) approximately t(5) dorsal root ganglia in rats recurrently infected with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv). | 2009 | 20045913 |
| [effect of an active component from forsythia suspensa (thunb.) vahl against respiratory syncytial virus in vitro]. | to study the extraction of an active component lc-4 from forsythia suspensa (thunb.) vahl and anti-respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) effect in vitro. | 2009 | 20047236 |
| nanoparticle vaccines against respiratory viruses. | influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), and parainfluenza type 3 virus (pi-3v) are the major viral agents which are consistently involved in causing lower respiratory tract disease in humans and animals. the virus infection begins in the upper respiratory tract, where immune responses are initiated, and then progresses to the lower respiratory tract where destruction of cells and tissues leads to bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia, which is occasionally fatal. nanoparticle vacc ... | 2009 | 20049806 |
| genetics, recombination and clinical features of human rhinovirus species c (hrv-c) infections; interactions of hrv-c with other respiratory viruses. | to estimate the frequency, molecular epidemiological and clinical associations of infection with the newly described species c variants of human rhinoviruses (hrv), 3243 diagnostic respiratory samples referred for diagnostic testing in edinburgh were screened using a vp4-encoding region-based selective polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for hrv-c along with parallel pcr testing for 13 other respiratory viruses. hrv-c was the third most frequently detected behind respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) an ... | 2009 | 20041158 |
| the burden of respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis on a pediatric inpatient service. | respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis is the single leading cause of pediatric admissions for infants in the first year of life, presenting regularly in epidemic proportions in the winter months and impacting in major way on pediatric inpatient services. | 2009 | 19960846 |
| [viral etiology of acute respiratory infections]. | acute respiratory infections (ari) are pathologies that affect the respiratory tract from the proximal pharynx to the lungs, with an evolution of less than 15 days. they constitute the most frequent cause of morbimortality in the world. with the purpose of identifying the viral agents associated to this type of infections in patients of zulia state, venezuela, between february 2005 and july 2006, a total of 102 samples of the respiratory tract (oropharyngeal swab, nasopharyngeal swab, nasopharyn ... | 2009 | 19961058 |
| crystal structure of a nucleocapsid-like nucleoprotein-rna complex of respiratory syncytial virus. | the respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen, yet neither a vaccine nor effective therapies are available to treat infection. to help elucidate the replication mechanism of this rna virus, we determined the three-dimensional (3d) crystal structure at 3.3 a resolution of a decameric, annular ribonucleoprotein complex of the rsv nucleoprotein (n) bound to rna. this complex mimics one turn of the viral helical nucleocapsid complex, which serves as template for viral rna synt ... | 2009 | 19965480 |