Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| human cytomegalovirus-vectored vaccines against hiv. | cmv-vectored vaccines expressing siv antigens have mediated unprecedented levels of virus control following siv challenge in rhesus macaques. remarkably, protection was dependent on nonclassically restricted cd8 t cells. here, we review the latest research in cmv-vectored vaccines in both humans and nonhuman primates as well as recent advances in the understanding nonclassically restricted t cells, particularly mhc-e-restricted cd8 t cells. | 2019 | 30562176 |
| social status alters chromatin accessibility and the gene regulatory response to glucocorticoid stimulation in rhesus macaques. | low social status is an important predictor of disease susceptibility and mortality risk in humans and other social mammals. these effects are thought to stem in part from dysregulation of the glucocorticoid (gc)-mediated stress response. however, the molecular mechanisms that connect low social status and gc dysregulation to downstream health outcomes remain elusive. here, we used an in vitro gc challenge to investigate the consequences of experimentally manipulated social status (i.e., dominan ... | 2019 | 30538209 |
| quality, bioactivity study, and preclinical acute toxicity, safety pharmacology evaluation of pegylated recombinant human endostatin (m2 es). | endostar, a potent endogenous antiangiogenic factor, is wildly used in clinics. however, it was easily degraded by enzymes and rapidly cleared by the kidneys. to overcome these shortcomings, pegylated recombinant human endostatin was developed. in this study, the purity of m2 es was evaluated by silver stain and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. ultraviolet spectrum was used to examine the structural of m2 es and endostar. the bioactivity and antitumor efficacy of m2 es were ... | 2019 | 30536793 |
| a novel large animal model of recurrent migraine established by repeated administration of inflammatory soup into the dura mater of the rhesus monkey. | several animal models of migraine have been established, and those based on trigeminovascular system activation are widely accepted. however, most of these models have been established on lower animals, such as rodents, and involve only a single administration of a noxious stimulus. in this study, an inflammatory soup (10 μl), consisting of prostaglandin e2 (0.2 mm), serotonin (2 mm), bradykinin (2 mm) and histamine (2 mm), was injected into the dura mater of conscious rhesus monkeys through an ... | 2019 | 30531083 |
| changes in endogenous dopamine induced by methylphenidate predict functional connectivity in nonhuman primates. | dopamine (da) levels in the striatum are increased by many therapeutic drugs, such as methylphenidate (mph), which also alters behavioral and cognitive functions thought to be controlled by the pfc dose-dependently. we linked da changes and functional connectivity (fc) using simultaneous [18f]fallypride pet and resting-state fmri in awake male rhesus monkeys after oral administration of various doses of mph. we found a negative correlation between [18f]fallypride nondisplaceable binding potentia ... | 2019 | 30530859 |
| male-inflicted wounds have opposite effects on hair cortisol for captive male and female rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) following new group formation. | sexual dimorphism in body size, aggression, and dispersal patterns may affect the degree to which males and females perceive aggression from either sex as stressful. whereas male macaques typically disperse to new groups at maturity, thus encountering many unfamiliar individuals of both sexes, females are philopatric, usually only encountering unfamiliar males who transfer into their natal groups. in rare circumstances, however, group fusions can expose both males and females to many novel indiv ... | 2019 | 30506293 |
| identification of expressed mirnas in human rheumatoid arthritis using computational approach - discovery of a new mir-7167 from human. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease leading to bones and joints destruction. it is one of the major causes of lifetime disability and mortality among humans in the developing and developed countries. it was evident that epigenetic dysregulation is related to the pathogenesis of ra. micrornas (mirnas) are small non-coding rnas that are epigenetic regulators for diverse biological processes and also provided novel molecular insights in the formation of arthri ... | 2019 | 30514198 |
| recognition memory in marmoset and macaque monkeys: a comparison of active vision. | the core functional organization of the primate brain is remarkably conserved across the order, but behavioral differences evident between species likely reflect derived modifications in the underlying neural processes. here, we performed the first study to directly compare visual recognition memory in two primate species-rhesus macaques and marmoset monkeys-on the same visual preferential looking task as a first step toward identifying similarities and differences in this cognitive process acro ... | 2019 | 30513042 |
| identification and functional characterization of a novel fc gamma-binding glycoprotein in rhesus cytomegalovirus. | receptors recognizing the fc part of immunoglobulin g (fcγrs) are key determinants in antibody-mediated immune responses. members of the herpesviridae interfere with this immune regulatory network by expressing viral fcγrs (vfcγrs). human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) encodes four distinct vfcγrs that differ with respect to their igg subtype specificity and their impact on antibody-mediated immune function in vitro the impact of vfcγrs on hcmv pathogenesis and immunomodulation in vivo is not known. the ... | 2019 | 30487278 |
| a primer set for comprehensive amplification of v-genes from rhesus macaque origin based on repertoire sequencing. | recombinant antibodies serve as therapeutic molecules for a broad range of applications. high affinity antibodies are typically isolated following an active and effective immunization. human-like antibodies may be obtained from immunized nonhuman primates (nhp), such as rhesus macaque, when immunized human origin is not available. for the isolation of such antibodies, strategies like phage and yeast display, are employed. these strategies are primarily based on the amplification of the rearrange ... | 2019 | 30471299 |
| comparative analysis of expression of microbial sensing molecules in mucosal tissues with periodontal disease. | host-derived pattern recognition receptors (prrs) are necessary for effective innate immune engagement of pathogens that express microbial-associated molecular patterns (mamp) ligands for these prrs. this study used a nonhuman primate model to evaluate the expression of these sensing molecules in gingival tissues. macaca mulatta aged 12-24 with a healthy periodontium (n = 13) or periodontitis (n = 11) provided gingival tissues for assessment of naturally-occurring periodontitis. an additional gr ... | 2019 | 30470434 |
| effects of acute treatments with the serotonin 2a antagonist m100907 alone or in combination with the serotonin 2c agonist way163909 on methamphetamine self-administration in rhesus monkeys. | serotonin 5-ht2a receptor antagonists and 5-ht2c receptor agonists have been proposed as important candidates for the development of pharmacotherapies for psychostimulant abuse, with evidence suggesting that those receptors may act together to control behavior. however, the role of 5-ht2a receptors on the reinforcing effects of psychostimulant drugs has not been fully elucidated. | 2019 | 30469095 |
| virome biogeography in the lower gastrointestinal tract of rhesus macaques with chronic diarrhea. | the composition of gastrointestinal tract viromes has been associated with multiple diseases. our understanding of virus communities in the gi tract is still very limited due to challenges in sampling from different gi sites. here we defined the gi viromes of 15 rhesus macaques with chronic diarrhea. luminal content samples from terminal ileum, proximal and distal colon were collected at necropsy while samples from the rectum were collected antemortem using a fecal loop. the composition of and e ... | 2019 | 30468938 |
| early t follicular helper cell responses and germinal center reactions are associated with viremia control in immunized rhesus macaques. | t follicular helper (tfh) cells are fundamental in germinal center (gc) maturation and selection of antigen-specific b cells within secondary lymphoid organs. gc-resident tfh cells have been fully characterized in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. however, the role of gc tfh cells in gc b cell responses following various simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) vaccine regimens in rhesus macaques (rms) has not been fully investigated. we characterized gc tfh cells of rms over the course o ... | 2019 | 30463978 |
| reversal and prevention of the respiratory-depressant effects of heroin by the novel μ-opioid receptor antagonist methocinnamox in rhesus monkeys. | one consequence of the ongoing opioid epidemic is a large number of overdose deaths. naloxone reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression; however, its short duration of action limits the protection it can provide. methocinnamox (mcam) is a novel opioid receptor antagonist with a long duration of action. this study examined the ability of mcam to prevent and reverse the respiratory-depressant effects (minute volume [ve]) of heroin in five monkeys. mcam (0.32 mg/kg) was given before heroin to ... | 2019 | 30463875 |
| low-frequency fluctuation characteristics in rhesus macaques with siv infection: a resting-state fmri study. | simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected macaque is a widely used model to study human immunodeficiency virus. the purpose of the study is to discover the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (alff) and fractional alff (falff) changes in siv-infected macaques. seven rhesus macaques were involved in the longitudinal mri scans: (1) baseline (healthy state); (2) siv infection stage (12 weeks after siv inoculation). alff and falff were subsequently computed and compared to ascertain the change ... | 2019 | 30478797 |
| effect of menstrual cycle on ethanol drinking in rhesus monkeys. | sex differences in the abuse-related effects of alcohol have been demonstrated in the clinic and in preclinical animal models. less is known about the influence of menstrual cycle phase on drinking. | 2019 | 30453105 |
| true homoplasy of retrotransposon insertions in primates. | how reliable are the presence/absence insertion patterns of the supposedly homoplasy-free retrotransposons, which were randomly inserted in the quasi infinite genomic space? to systematically examine this question in an up-to-date, multigenome comparison, we screened millions of primate transposed alu sine elements for incidences of homoplasious precise insertions and deletions. in genome-wide analyses, we identified and manually verified nine cases of precise parallel alu insertions of apparent ... | 2019 | 30445649 |
| early life exposure to extended general anesthesia with isoflurane and nitrous oxide reduces responsivity on a cognitive test battery in the nonhuman primate. | despite the widespread use of general anesthesia, a growing body of research suggests that anesthesia exposure early in life may be associated with acute neurotoxicity and lasting behavioral changes. to better evaluate the risk posed by early life anesthesia on cognitive development, infant rhesus monkeys were exposed to an anesthesia regimen previously shown to be neurotoxic and their cognitive development was subsequently measured using a translational operant test battery. on postnatal day 5 ... | 2019 | 30445043 |
| specific members of the gut microbiota are reliable biomarkers of irradiation intensity and lethality in large animal models of human health. | the development of effective biomarkers for detecting the magnitude of radiation exposure and resiliency of host response is crucial to identifying appropriate treatment strategies after radiation exposure. we hypothesized that the gastrointestinal resident bacteria would demonstrate predictable, dose-dependent changes after radiation exposure across two large animal models of acute radiation syndrome. here, göttingen minipigs (gmp) (n = 50) and rhesus macaques (n = 48) were exposed to five dose ... | 2019 | 30430918 |
| treatment of female rhesus macaques with a somatostatin receptor antagonist that increases oocyte fertilization rates without affecting post-fertilization development outcomes. | to determine the effects of pgl1001, a somatostatin receptor isoform-2 (sstr-2) antagonist, on ovarian follicle development, oocyte fertilization, and subsequent embryo developmental potential in the rhesus macaque. | 2019 | 30430314 |
| priming with a potent hiv-1 dna vaccine frames the quality of immune responses prior to a poxvirus and protein boost. | the use of heterologous immunization regimens and improved vector systems has led to increases in immunogenicity of hiv-1 vaccine candidates in nonhuman primates. in order to resolve interrelations between different delivery modalities, three different poxvirus boost regimens were compared. three groups of rhesus macaques were each primed with the same dna vaccine encoding gag, pol, nef, and gp140. the groups were then boosted with either the vaccinia virus strain nyvac or a variant with improve ... | 2019 | 30429343 |
| replication-competent nyvac-kc yields improved immunogenicity to hiv-1 antigens in rhesus macaques compared to nonreplicating nyvac. | as part of the continuing effort to develop an effective hiv vaccine, we generated a poxviral vaccine vector (previously described) designed to improve on the results of the rv144 phase iii clinical trial. the construct, nyvac-kc, is a replication-competent, attenuated recombinant of the vaccinia virus strain nyvac. nyvac is a vector that has been used in many previous clinical studies but is replication deficient. here, we report a side-by-side comparison of replication-restricted nyvac and rep ... | 2019 | 30429340 |
| synaptic distributions of ps214-tau in rhesus monkey prefrontal cortex are associated with spine density, but not with cognitive decline. | female rhesus monkeys and women are subject to age- and menopause-related deficits in working memory, an executive function mediated by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc). long-term cyclic administration of 17β-estradiol improves working memory, and restores highly plastic axospinous synapses within layer iii dlpfc of aged ovariectomized monkeys. in this study, we tested the hypothesis that synaptic distributions of tau protein phosphorylated at serine 214 (ps214-tau) are altered with ag ... | 2019 | 30408169 |
| electrical microstimulation of visual cerebral cortex elevates psychophysical detection thresholds. | sensory prostheses can restore aspects of natural sensation by delivering electrical current directly into sensory circuits. an effective sensory prosthetic should be capable of generating reliable real-time perceptual signals for hours each day over many years. however, we still know little regarding the stability of percepts produced by electrical microstimulation of cerebral sensory cortex when stimulation is delivered repeatedly over long periods. developing methods that yield highly sensiti ... | 2019 | 30406199 |
| long-lasting effects of methocinnamox on opioid self-administration in rhesus monkeys. | opioid abuse remains a serious public health challenge, despite the availability of medications that are effective in some patients (naltrexone, buprenorphine, and methadone). this study explored the potential of a pseudoirreversible mu-opioid receptor antagonist [methocinnamox (mcam)] as a treatment for opioid abuse by examining its capacity to attenuate the reinforcing effects of mu-opioid receptor agonists in rhesus monkeys. in one experiment, monkeys responded for heroin (n = 5) or cocaine ( ... | 2019 | 30401680 |
| reactivation of simian varicella virus in rhesus macaques after cd4 t cell depletion. | rhesus macaques intrabronchially inoculated with simian varicella virus (svv), the counterpart of human varicella-zoster virus (vzv), developed primary infection with viremia and rash, which resolved upon clearance of viremia, followed by the establishment of latency. to assess the role of cd4 t cell immunity in reactivation, monkeys were treated with a single 50-mg/kg dose of a humanized monoclonal anti-cd4 antibody; within 1 week, circulating cd4 t cells were reduced from 40 to 60% to 5 to 30% ... | 2019 | 30404798 |
| mucosal t helper 17 and t regulatory cell homeostasis correlate with acute simian immunodeficiency virus viremia and responsiveness to antiretroviral therapy in macaques. | depletion of gut t helper 17 (th17) cells during hiv infection leads to decreased mucosal integrity and increased disease progression. conversely, t regulatory (treg) cells may inhibit antiviral responses or immune activation. in hiv elite controllers, a balanced th17/treg ratio is maintained in the blood, suggesting a role for these responses in controlling inflammation and viral replication. hiv-infected individuals exhibit a range in responsiveness to combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) ... | 2019 | 30398361 |
| synthesis and in vivo evaluation of a novel pet radiotracer for imaging of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a (sv2a) in nonhuman primates. | structural disruption and alterations of synapses are associated with many brain disorders including alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, depression, and schizophrenia. we have previously developed the pet radiotracer 11c-ucb-j for imaging and quantification of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a (sv2a) and synaptic density in nonhuman primates and humans. here we report the synthesis of a novel radiotracer 18f-sdm-8 and its in vivo evaluation in rhesus monkeys. the in vitro binding assay of sdm-8 showed ... | 2019 | 30396272 |
| neutrophil progenitor populations of rhesus macaques. | captive-bred rhesus macaques of indian origin represent one of the most important large animal models for infectious disease, solid organ transplantation, and stem cell research. there is a dearth of information defining hematopoietic development, including neutrophil leukocyte differentiation in this species using multicolor flow cytometry. in the current study, we sought to identify cell surface markers that delineate neutrophil progenitor populations with characteristic immunophenotypes. we d ... | 2019 | 30395351 |
| homology and specificity of natural sound-encoding in human and monkey auditory cortex. | understanding homologies and differences in auditory cortical processing in human and nonhuman primates is an essential step in elucidating the neurobiology of speech and language. using fmri responses to natural sounds, we investigated the representation of multiple acoustic features in auditory cortex of awake macaques and humans. comparative analyses revealed homologous large-scale topographies not only for frequency but also for temporal and spectral modulations. in both species, posterior r ... | 2019 | 30395192 |
| development of a motor and somatosensory evoked potentials-guided spinal cord injury model in non-human primates. | background nonhuman primates (nhp) may provide the most adequate (in terms of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology) model of spinal cord injury (sci) for testing regenerative therapies, but bioethical considerations exclude their use in severe sci. new method a reproducible model of sci at the lower thoracic level has been developed in rhesus macaques. the model comprises surgical resection of 25% of the spinal cord in the projection of the dorsal funiculus and dorsolateral corticospinal pathways, c ... | 2019 | 30393204 |
| effects of lorcaserin on reinstatement of responding previously maintained by cocaine or remifentanil in rhesus monkeys. | drug abuse remains a serious public health issue, underscoring the need for additional treatment options. agonists at serotonin (5-ht)2c receptors, particularly lorcaserin, are being considered as pharmacotherapies for abuse of a variety of drugs, including cocaine and opioids. the current study compared the capacity of lorcaserin to attenuate reinstatement of extinguished responding previously maintained by either cocaine or an opioid; this type of procedure is thought to model relapse, an impo ... | 2019 | 30382731 |
| dolutegravir monotherapy of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques selects for several patterns of resistance mutations with variable virological outcomes. | drug resistance remains a major concern for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) treatment. to date, very few resistance mutations have emerged in first-line combination therapy that includes the integrase strand transfer inhibitor (insti) dolutegravir (dtg). in vitro, dtg selects for several primary mutations that induce low-level dtg resistance; secondary mutations, while increasing the level of resistance, however, further impair replication fitness, which raised the idea that dtg monotherapy m ... | 2019 | 30381490 |
| a muscle-activity-dependent gain between motor cortex and emg. | whether one is delicately placing a contact lens on the surface of the eye or lifting a heavy weight from the floor, the motor system must produce a wide range of forces under different dynamical loads. how does the motor cortex, with neurons that have a limited activity range, function effectively under these widely varying conditions? in this study, we explored the interaction of activity in primary motor cortex (m1) and muscles (electromyograms, emgs) of two male rhesus monkeys for wrist move ... | 2019 | 30379603 |
| visual preferences for direct-gaze faces in infant macaques (macaca mulatta) with limited face exposure. | from birth, human and nonhuman primates attend more to faces with direct gaze compared with averted gaze, and previous studies report that attention to the eyes is linked to the emergence of later social skills. here, we explored whether early experiences influence attraction to eye contact in infant macaques by examining their attention to face pairs varying in their gaze direction across the first 13 weeks of life. infants raised by human caretakers had limited conspecific interactions (nurser ... | 2019 | 30378109 |
| freestanding bipedal posture and coordinated bimanual manipulation significantly influence lateralized hand use in rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) and chimpanzees (pan troglodytes). | investigations of behavioral lateralization in nonhuman primates yield important insights into brain-behavior relationships. in turn, they provide clues about both proximal and distal factors that shape the development and expression of association between motor asymmetries and underlying neural substrates. nonhuman primates afford unique comparative opportunities to evaluate potential routes for the evolution of handedness, as well as to uncover relationships between behavioral lateralization a ... | 2019 | 30372106 |
| rates of human-macaque interactions affect grooming behavior among urban-dwelling rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | the impact of anthropogenic environmental changes may impose strong pressures on the behavioral flexibility of free-ranging animals. here, we examine whether rates of interactions with humans had both a direct and indirect influence on the duration and distribution of social grooming in commensal rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | 2019 | 30368773 |
| perfusion of the placenta assessed using arterial spin labeling and ferumoxytol dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in the rhesus macaque. | to investigate the correspondence between arterial spin labeling (asl) flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (fair) and ferumoxytol dce mri for the assessment of placental intervillous perfusion. | 2019 | 30357902 |
| two case reports of unusual phimosis in rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). | phimosis is the inability of the penis to protrude from the prepuce. in the present report, we present two cases of phimosis in two rhesus monkeys. surgical enlargement of preputial orifice was performed for unrestricted movement of penis. the exact cause of this condition is unknown to us. | 2019 | 30375654 |
| bridging the species gap in translational research for neurodevelopmental disorders. | the prevalence and societal impact of neurodevelopmental disorders (ndds) continue to increase despite years of research in both patient populations and animal models. there remains an urgent need for translational efforts between clinical and preclinical research to (i) identify and evaluate putative causes of ndd, (ii) determine their underlying neurobiological mechanisms, (iii) develop and test novel therapeutic approaches, and (iv) translate basic research into safe and effective clinical pr ... | 2019 | 30347236 |
| antiretroviral concentrations and surrogate measures of efficacy in the brain tissue and csf of preclinical species. | 1. antiretroviral concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) are used as surrogate for brain tissue, although sparse data support this. we quantified antiretrovirals in brain tissue across preclinical models, compared them to csf, and calculated 90% inhibitory quotients (iq90) for nonhuman primate (nhp) brain tissue. spatial distribution of efavirenz was performed by mass-spectrometry imaging (msi). 2. hiv or rt-shiv-infected and uninfected animals from two humanized mouse models (hemopoietic-s ... | 2019 | 30346892 |
| comment on " in vivo [18f]ge-179 brain signal does not show nmda-specific modulation with drug challenges in rodents and nonhuman primates". | schoenberger and colleagues ( schoenberger et al. ( 2018 ) acs chem. neurosci. 9 , 298 - 305 ) recently reported attempts to demonstrate specific binding of the positron emission tomography (pet) radiotracer, [18f]ge-179, to nmda receptors in both rats and rhesus macaques. ge-179 did not work as expected in animal models; however, we disagree with the authors' conclusion that "the [18f]ge-179 signal seems to be largely nonspecific". it is extremely challenging to demonstrate specific binding for ... | 2019 | 30346706 |
| social stability influences the association between adrenal responsiveness and hair cortisol concentrations in rhesus macaques. | hair cortisol concentrations are increasingly being used in both humans and nonhuman animals as a biomarker of chronic stress. however, many details regarding how hair cortisol concentrations relate to the dynamic activity and regulation of the hpa axis are still unknown. the current study explores 1) how the regulation of the hpa axis in infancy relates to hair cortisol concentrations (hcc) in infancy 2) whether this relationship persists into adulthood under conditions of social stability, and ... | 2019 | 30342315 |
| preconditioning in the rhesus macaque induces a proteomic signature following cerebral ischemia that is associated with neuroprotection. | each year, thousands of patients are at risk of cerebral ischemic injury, due to iatrogenic responses to surgical procedures. prophylactic treatment of these patients as standard care could minimize potential neurological complications. we have shown that protection of brain tissue, in a non-human primate model of cerebral ischemic injury, is possible through pharmacological preconditioning using the immune activator d192935. we postulate that preconditioning with d192935 results in neuroprotect ... | 2019 | 30341719 |
| acute infection and subsequent subclinical reactivation of herpes simplex virus 2 after vaginal inoculation of rhesus macaques. | herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2) is a common sexually transmitted infection with a highly variable clinical course. many infections quickly become subclinical, with episodes of spontaneous virus reactivation. to study host-hsv-2 interactions, an animal model of subclinical hsv-2 infection is needed. in an effort to develop a relevant model, rhesus macaques (rm) were inoculated intravaginally with two or three hsv-2 strains (186, 333, and/or g) at a total dose of 1 × 107 pfu of hsv-2 per animal. in ... | 2019 | 30333177 |
| analysis of igg anti-hev antibody protective levels during hepatitis e virus reinfection in experimentally infected rhesus macaques. | secondary spread of hepatitis e virus (hev) infection occurs often in endemic settings in developing countries. the host immune signatures contributing to protection against subsequent hev reinfection are unknown. | 2019 | 30325442 |
| the role of the motor system in action understanding and communication: evidence from human infants and non-human primates. | there is growing evidence that activation of the motor system during observation of actions, a phenomenon first observed in non-human primates, underlies action understanding and even communication. this review (a) examines the evidence on motor system activity as an underlying neural correlate of action understanding; (b) reviews the theoretical and empirical work linking action understanding and the development of communication, with a specific focus on the role that gestures play as an interm ... | 2019 | 30315570 |
| evaluation of the novel pet tracer [11c]hach242 for imaging the glun2b nmda receptor in non-human primates. | there are currently no positron emission tomography (pet) radiotracers for the glun2b (nr2b) binding sites of brain n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda) receptors. in rats, the glun2b antagonist ro25-6981 reduced the binding of n-((5-(4-fluoro-2-[11c]methoxyphenyl)pyridin-3-yl)methyl)cyclopentanamin ([11c]hach242). this paper reports the evaluation of [11c]hach242 pet in non-human primates at baseline and following administration of the glun2b negative allosteric modulator radiprodil. | 2019 | 30306318 |
| bone marrow-derived cd4+ t cells are depleted in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques and contribute to the size of the replication-competent reservoir. | the bone marrow (bm) is the key anatomic site for hematopoiesis and plays a significant role in the homeostasis of mature t cells. however, very little is known on the phenotype of bm-derived cd4+ t cells, their fate during simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) infection, and their contribution to viral persistence during antiretroviral therapy (art). in this study, we characterized the immunologic and virologic status of bm-derived cd4+ t cells in rhesus macaques prior to siv infection, during th ... | 2019 | 30305357 |
| oral coadministration of an intramuscular dna/modified vaccinia ankara vaccine for simian immunodeficiency virus is associated with better control of infection in orally exposed infant macaques. | the majority of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1 infections in infants are acquired orally through breastfeeding. toward development of a pediatric hiv vaccine to prevent breastmilk transmission, we tested the efficacy of a simultaneous oral and intramuscular (im) vaccination regimen for preventing oral simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) transmission in infant rhesus macaques. two groups of neonatal macaques were immunized with dna encoding siv virus-like particles (dna-siv) on weeks 0 ... | 2019 | 30303405 |
| prenatal bisphenol a exposure alters epithelial cell composition in the rhesus macaque fetal oviduct. | bisphenol a (bpa) is an endocrine disrupting compound that is a pervasive environmental contaminant. although it has been reported to affect the development of a variety of fetal reproductive tissues, data on the effect of fetal bpa exposure on oviducts were extremely limited and were only available in mice. to determine if there are adverse effects of gestational bpa exposure on fetal oviduct, we exposed pregnant rhesus macaques with female fetuses to oral or nonoral bpa during the last trimest ... | 2019 | 30295897 |
| gustatory responses in macaque monkeys revealed with fmri: comments on taste, taste preference, and internal state. | studies of the neural mechanisms underlying value-based decision making typically employ food or fluid rewards to motivate subjects to perform cognitive tasks. rewards are often treated as interchangeable, but it is well known that the specific tastes of foods and fluids and the values associated with their taste sensations influence choices and contribute to overall levels of food consumption. accordingly, we characterized the gustatory system in three macaque monkeys (macaca mulatta) and exami ... | 2019 | 30291973 |
| rhesus macaque brain atlas regions aligned to an mri template. | to aid in the analysis of rhesus macaque brain images, we aligned digitized anatomical regions from the widely used atlas of paxinos et al. to a published magnetic resonance imaging (mri) template based on a large number of subjects. digitally labelled atlas images were aligned to the template in 2d and then in 3d. the resulting grey matter regions appear qualitatively to be well registered to the template. to quantitatively validate the procedure, mr brain images of 20 rhesus macaques were alig ... | 2019 | 30291569 |
| pharmacokinetic testing of a first-generation cabotegravir prodrug in rhesus macaques. | : long-acting antiretrovirals can improve therapy and prevention for hiv-1 infection. current long-acting cabotegravir (cab lap) can be administered every other month. previously, we demonstrated that a myristoylated cab prodrug encased in poloxamer 407 provided extended plasma drug concentrations. we now demonstrate that this first-generation nanoformulated prodrug can sustain plasma cab concentrations above the protein-adjusted 90% inhibitory concentration for 4 months in rhesus macaques. a 2. ... | 2019 | 30289818 |
| helicobacter pylori induces intracellular galectin-8 aggregation around damaged lysosomes within gastric epithelial cells in a host o-glycan-dependent manner. | galectin-8, a beta-galactoside-binding lectin, is upregulated in the gastric tissues of rhesus macaques infected with helicobacter pylori. in this study, we found that h. pylori infection triggers intracellular galectin-8 aggregation in human-derived ags gastric epithelial cells, and that these aggregates colocalize with lysosomes. notably, this aggregation is markedly reduced following the attenuation of host o-glycan processing. this indicates that h. pylori infection induces lysosomal damage, ... | 2019 | 30289459 |
| periodontal disease susceptible matrilines in the cayo santiago macaca mulatta macaques. | the expression of periodontitis, including age of onset, extent, and severity is considered to represent an interaction of the individual's oral microbiome and host response to the microbial challenge that is modified by both genetics and environmental factors. the aim of this study was to determine the distribution of periodontitis in a population of nonhuman primates, to document features of familial distribution that could reflect heritability and transmission of microbes with enhanced virule ... | 2019 | 30277577 |
| comparison of sampling methods for profiling cervicovaginal microbiome in rhesus macaques. | cervicovaginal bacteria cause inflammation which in turn increases hiv risk. profiling the cervicovaginal microbiome, therefore, is instrumental for vaccine development. we show that the microbiome profile captured by cervicovaginal lavage is comparable to samples obtained by vaginal swabs. thus, lavage may serve as a sampling strategy in nhp vaccine studies. | 2019 | 30277264 |
| early developmental trajectories of functional connectivity along the visual pathways in rhesus monkeys. | early social interactions shape the development of social behavior, although the critical periods or the underlying neurodevelopmental processes are not completely understood. here, we studied the developmental changes in neural pathways underlying visual social engagement in the translational rhesus monkey model. changes in functional connectivity (fc) along the ventral object and motion pathways and the dorsal attention/visuo-spatial pathways were studied longitudinally using resting-state fun ... | 2019 | 30272135 |
| evaluation of the safety and efficacy of soft tissue augmentation with a compressive-resistant collagen matrix in a nonhuman primate model. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the compression-resistant collagen-based cross-linked matrix for augmentation of maxillary and mandibular soft tissue defects in an animal model. | 2019 | 30267705 |
| monocyte and alveolar macrophage skewing is associated with the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a primate model of hiv infection. | we investigated the relationship of monocytes, alveolar, and tissue-resident macrophage populations and the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah) in a nonhuman primate model of hiv infection. a prospective study of simian immunodeficiency virus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (siv-pah) was done. rhesus macaques (n = 21) were infected with siv. blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf), and lung tissue were analyzed for monocyte and macrophage phenotypes and inflammator ... | 2019 | 30229666 |
| using preferred fluids and different reward schedules to motivate rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) in cognitive tasks. | rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) used in behavioural neuroscience are often required to complete cognitively complex tasks, for which a high level of motivation is essential. to induce motivation, researchers may implement fluid-restriction protocols, whereby freely available water is limited, such that fluid can be used as a reward in the laboratory. a variety of different rewards and schedules are used, but there exists a lack of data assessing their effectiveness. in this study, we aimed to q ... | 2019 | 30282500 |
| evaluation of a pet radioligand to image o-glcnacase in brain and periphery of rhesus monkey and knock-out mouse. | accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau, a microtubule-associated protein, plays an important role in the progression of alzheimer disease. animal studies suggest that one strategy for treating alzheimer disease and related tauopathies may be inhibition of o-glcnacase (oga), which may subsequently decrease pathologic tau phosphorylation. here, we report the pharmacokinetics of a novel pet radioligand, 18f-lsn3316612, which binds with high affinity and selectivity to oga. methods: pet imaging was ... | 2019 | 30213846 |
| sex differences in the effectiveness of buprenorphine to decrease rates of responding in rhesus monkeys. | sex differences in μ-opioid receptor (mor) agonist-induced antinociception have been reported in nonhuman primates. the degree to which μ-opioid receptor agonist sex differences in nonhuman primates extend to other behavioral endpoints remains unknown. the present study compared the behavioral effects of three mor ligands (fentanyl, buprenorphine, and naltrexone) that varied in efficacy to stimulate [s]-gtpγs binding (from highest to lowest: fentanyl, buprenorphine, and naltrexone) in male and f ... | 2019 | 30212383 |
| effects of long-term high-fat food or methamphetamine intake and serotonin 2c receptors on reversal learning in female rhesus macaques. | perseverative behavior has been highly implicated in addiction. activation of serotonin 2c receptors (5-ht2crs) attenuates cocaine and high caloric food intake, but whether a 5-ht2cr agonist can reduce high caloric diet (hcd) or methamphetamine (meth) intake and response perseveration remains unknown. clarifying the role of 5-ht2crs in these behaviors will improve knowledge of neurochemical processes that regulate flexible decision-making and whether improvements in decision-making are accompani ... | 2019 | 30188516 |
| haplodeletion of follistatin-like 1 attenuates radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. | radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (ripf) is a severe and life-threatening complication of radiation therapy in patients with thoracic cancer; however, the exact molecular mechanisms remain unknown, and there is no effective treatment method in clinic. here, we assessed the role of follistatin-like 1 (fstl1) in ripf. | 2019 | 30171878 |
| interindividual differences in neonatal sociality and emotionality predict juvenile social status in rhesus monkeys. | in humans, socioeconomic status (ses) has profound outcomes on socio-emotional development and health. however, while much is known about the consequences of ses, little research has examined the predictors of ses due to the longitudinal nature of such studies. we sought to explore whether interindividual differences in neonatal sociality, temperament, and early social experiences predicted juvenile social status in rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta), as a proxy for ses in humans. we performed neon ... | 2019 | 30171780 |
| low cognitive flexibility as a risk for heavy alcohol drinking in non-human primates. | chronic alcohol abuse is frequently considered a habitual or inflexible behavior; however, measures of pre-existing cognitive flexibility prior to initiation of alcohol use are usually not available. this study used rhesus monkeys and an attentional set-shifting task to investigate whether pre-existing cognitive flexibility would predict increased risk for heavy alcohol drinking. as previously reported, monkeys were given 30 daily set-shifting sessions prior to alcohol access. these sessions con ... | 2019 | 30097387 |
| the effects of breastfeeding versus formula-feeding on cerebral cortex maturation in infant rhesus macaques. | breastfeeding is positively associated with several outcomes reflecting early brain development and cognitive functioning. brain neuroimaging studies have shown that exclusively breastfed children have increased white matter and subcortical gray matter volume compared to formula-fed children. however, it is difficult to disentangle the effects of nutrition in breast milk from other confounding factors that affect brain development, particularly in studies of human subjects. among the nutrients p ... | 2019 | 30201462 |
| ascites formation accompanied by portal vein thrombosis after porcine islet xenotransplantation via the portal vein in rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta). | pig-to-nonhuman primate (nhp) islet transplantation has been widely conducted as a preclinical xenotransplantation model prior to human clinical trial. portal vein thrombosis is one of the complications associated with islet infusion through the portal vein into the liver. here, we briefly report severe case of ascites formation accompanied by portal vein thrombi after pig-to-nhp islet xenotransplantation in a rhesus monkey. meticulous prophylactic treatment such as continuous heparin infusion s ... | 2019 | 30194788 |
| joint representation of connectome-scale structural and functional profiles for identification of consistent cortical landmarks in macaque brain. | discovery and representation of common structural and functional cortical architectures has been a significant yet challenging problem for years. due to the remarkable variability of structural and functional cortical architectures in human brain, it is challenging to jointly represent a common cortical architecture which can comprehensively encode both structure and function characteristics. in order to better understand this challenge and considering that macaque monkey brain has much less var ... | 2019 | 30178424 |
| uteroplacental and fetal 4d flow mri in the pregnant rhesus macaque. | pregnancy complications are often associated with poor uteroplacental vascular adaptation and standard diagnostics are unable to reliably quantify flow in all uteroplacental vessels and have poor sensitivity early in gestation. | 2019 | 30102431 |
| nonnavigational spatial memory performance is unaffected by hippocampal damage in monkeys. | evidence that the hippocampus is critical for spatial memory in nonnavigational tests is mixed. a recent study reported that temporary hippocampal inactivation impaired spatial memory in the nonnavigational hamilton search task in monkeys. however, several studies have documented no impairment on other nonnavigational spatial memory tests following permanent hippocampal lesions. it was hypothesized that transient, but not permanent, hippocampal disruption produces deficits because monkeys underg ... | 2019 | 30069946 |
| new minipromoter ple345 (nefl) drives strong and specific expression in retinal ganglion cells of mouse and primate retina. | retinal gene therapy is leading the neurological gene therapy field, with 32 ongoing clinical trials of recombinant adeno-associated virus (raav)-based therapies. importantly, over 50% of those trials are using restricted promoters from human genes. promoters that restrict expression have demonstrated increased efficacy and can limit the therapeutic to the target cells thereby reducing unwanted off-target effects. retinal ganglion cells are a critical target in ocular gene therapy; they are invo ... | 2019 | 30062914 |
| exploring the neuromechanism of chronic ephedrine addiction in rhesus monkeys: a behavioural and brain resting-state fmri study. | ephedrine is thought to exert behavioural effects primarily through actions on the central nervous system. however, the neuromechanism underlying the effects of ephedrine addiction still remains unclear. our study aimed to establish chronic ephedrine addiction models in rhesus monkeys and to investigate the neuromechanism of chronic ephedrine addiction using the behavioural methods combined with resting-state blood oxygenation level dependent-functional magnetic resonance imaging (bold-fmri). mo ... | 2019 | 30059694 |
| evolutionarily significant a-to-i rna editing events originated through g-to-a mutations in primates. | recent studies have revealed thousands of a-to-i rna editing events in primates, but the origination and general functions of these events are not well addressed. | 2019 | 30712515 |
| nicotine-like discriminative stimulus effects of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and a muscarinic receptor agonist in rhesus monkeys. | acetylcholinesterase (ache) inhibitors and positive allosteric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) modulators are potential pharmacotherapies for nicotine dependence. because some smoking cessation aids (e.g. varenicline) appear to work by mimicking the effects of nicotine, we used drug discrimination to examine whether ache inhibitors and nachr allosteric modulators mimic the effects of nicotine. rhesus monkeys discriminated 1.78 mg/kg of nicotine s.c. under an fr5 schedule of stimulus-sho ... | 2019 | 30712397 |
| eye position error influence over "open-loop" smooth pursuit initiation. | the oculomotor system integrates a variety of visual signals into appropriate motor plans, but such integration can have widely varying time scales. for example, smooth pursuit eye movements to follow a moving target are slower and longer lasting than saccadic eye movements and it has been suggested that initiating a smooth pursuit eye movement involves an obligatory "open-loop" interval in which new visual motion signals presumably cannot influence the ensuing motor plan for up to 100 ms after ... | 2019 | 30709895 |
| probability distortion depends on choice sequence in rhesus monkeys. | humans and other primates share many decision biases, among them our subjective distortion of objective probabilities. when making choices between uncertain rewards we typically treat probabilities nonlinearly: overvaluing low probabilities of reward and undervaluing high ones. a growing body of evidence, however, points to a more flexible pattern of distortion than the classical inverse-s one, highlighting the effect of experimental conditions in shifting the weight assigned to probabilities, s ... | 2019 | 30705103 |
| anti-drug antibody responses impair prophylaxis mediated by aav-delivered hiv-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies. | adeno-associated virus (aav) delivery of potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnabs is a promising approach for the prevention of hiv-1 infection. the immunoglobulin g (igg)1 subtype is usually selected for this application, because it efficiently mediates antibody effector functions and has a somewhat longer half-life. however, the use of igg1-fc has been associated with the generation of anti-drug antibodies (adas) that correlate with loss of antibody expression. in contrast, we have sh ... | 2019 | 30704961 |
| identification of variable and joining germline genes and alleles for rhesus macaque from b cell receptor repertoires. | the rhesus macaque is a valuable preclinical animal model to estimate vaccine effectiveness and is also important for understanding ab maturation and b cell repertoire evolution responding to vaccination. however, incomplete mapping of rhesus ig germline genes hinders the research efforts. to address this deficiency, we sequenced the bcr repertoires of 75 indian rhesus macaques. using a bioinformatic method that has been validated with bcr repertoire analysis of three human donors, we were able ... | 2019 | 30700589 |
| modeling diverse responses to filled and outline shapes in macaque v4. | visual area v4 is an important midlevel cortical processing stage that subserves object recognition in primates. studies investigating shape coding in v4 have largely probed neuronal responses with filled shapes, i.e., shapes defined by both a boundary and an interior fill. as a result, we do not know whether form-selective v4 responses are dictated by boundary features alone or if interior fill is also important. we studied 43 v4 neurons in two male macaque monkeys ( macaca mulatta) with a set ... | 2019 | 30699004 |
| temporal patterns of gene regulation and upstream regulators contributing to major developmental transitions during rhesus macaque preimplantation development. | the preimplantation period of life in mammals encompasses a tremendous amount of restructuring and remodeling of the embryonic genome and reprogramming of gene expression. these vast changes support metabolic activation and cellular processes that drive early cleavage divisions and enable the creation of the earliest primitive cell lineages. a major question in mammalian embryology is how such vast, sweeping changes in gene expression are orchestrated, so that changes in gene expression are exac ... | 2019 | 30698740 |
| white matter is the predilection site of late-delayed radiation-induced brain injury in non-human primates. | fractionated whole-brain irradiation for the treatment of intracranial neoplasia causes progressive neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. the long-term consequences of single-fraction high-dose irradiation to the brain are unknown. to assess the late effects of brain irradiation we compared transcriptomic gene expression profiles from nonhuman primates (nhp; rhesus macaques macaca mulatta) receiving single-fraction total-body irradiation (tbi; n = 5, 6.75-8.05 gy, 6-9 years prior to necropsy) ... | 2019 | 30694733 |
| persistent viral reservoirs in lymphoid tissues in siv-infected rhesus macaques of chinese-origin on suppressive antiretroviral therapy. | understanding hiv latent reservoirs in tissues is essential for the development of new strategies targeting these sites for eradication. here, we assessed the size of latent reservoirs and the source of residual viruses in multiple lymphoid tissues of siv-infected and fully suppressed rhesus macaques of chinese-origin (crms). eight crms were infected with sivmac251 and treated with tenofovir and emtricitabine daily for 24 weeks initiated 4 weeks post-infection. four of the eight animals reached ... | 2019 | 30691203 |
| a novel 18f-labeled radioligand for positron emission tomography imaging of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-hsd1): synthesis and preliminary evaluation in nonhuman primates. | 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-hsd1) catalyzes the conversion of cortisone to cortisol and controls a key pathway in the regulation of stress. studies have implicated 11β-hsd1 in metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes and obesity, as well as stress-related disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, such as depression and alzheimer's disease (ad). we have previously developed [11c]as2471907 as a pet radiotracer to image 11β-hsd1 in the brain of nonhuman primates and humans. how ... | 2019 | 30689943 |
| effects of reducing norepinephrine levels via dsp4 treatment on amyloid-β pathology in female rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | the degeneration in the locus coeruleus associated with alzheimer's disease suggests an involvement of the noradrenergic system in the disease pathogenesis. the role of depleted norepinephrine was tested in adult and aged rhesus macaques to develop a potential model for testing alzheimer's disease interventions. monkeys were injected with the noradrenergic neurotoxin n-(2-chloroethyl)-n-ethyl-2-bromobenzylamine (dsp4) or vehicle at 0, 3, and 6 months; brains were harvested at 9 months. reduced n ... | 2019 | 30689563 |
| lung and heart injury in a nonhuman primate model of partial-body irradiation with minimal bone marrow sparing: histopathological evidence of lung and heart injury. | male rhesus macaques were subjected to partial-body irradiation at 10, 11, or 12 gy with 5% bone marrow protection. animals were euthanized when dictated by prospectively determined clinical parameters or at approximately 180 d following irradiation. histological sections of lung and heart were stained with hematoxylin and eosin as well as a battery of histochemical and immunohistochemical stains. histopathological alterations in the lung were centered on fibrosis, inflammation, and reactive/pro ... | 2019 | 30688698 |
| a comparative dose-response relationship between sexes for mortality and morbidity of radiation-induced lung injury in the rhesus macaque. | radiation-induced lung injury is a characteristic, dose- and time-dependent sequela of potentially lethal, delayed effects of acute radiation exposure. understanding of these delayed effects to include development of medical countermeasures requires well-characterized and validated animal models that mimic the human response to acute radiation and adhere to the criteria of the us food and drug administration animal rule. the objective herein was to establish a nonhuman primate model of whole-tho ... | 2019 | 30688697 |
| early amygdala damage alters the way rhesus macaques process species-specific audio-visual vocalizations. | perceiving, integrating, and interpreting multimodal signals are essential for social success, but the neural substrates mediating these functions are not fully understood. this study examined the role of the amygdala in processing bimodal species-specific vocalizations using eye tracking in rhesus macaques. looking behavior of 6 adult rhesus monkeys with neonatal amygdala lesions (neo-aibo; 3m, 3f) was compared with that of 6 sham-operated controls (neo-c; 3m, 3f). two side-by-side videos of un ... | 2019 | 30688484 |
| safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of the therapeutic monoclonal antibody mab114 targeting ebola virus glycoprotein (vrc 608): an open-label phase 1 study. | mab114 is a single monoclonal antibody that targets the receptor-binding domain of ebola virus glycoprotein, which prevents mortality in rhesus macaques treated after lethal challenge with zaire ebolavirus. here we present expedited data from vrc 608, a phase 1 study to evaluate mab114 safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity. | 2019 | 30686586 |
| omip-052: an 18-color panel for measuring th1, th2, th17, and tfh responses in rhesus macaques. | 2019 | 30681265 | |
| identification of premeiotic, meiotic, and postmeiotic cells in testicular biopsies without sperm from sertoli cell-only syndrome patients. | sertoli cell-only syndrome (scos) affects about 26.3⁻57.8% of azoospermic men, with their seminiferous tubules containing only sertoli cells. recently, it was reported that testicular biopsies from nonobstructive azoospermic (noa) patients contained germ cells, and that sperm could be found in the tubules of 20% of scos patients using testicular sperm extraction technology. since the patients without sperm in their testicular biopsies do not have therapy to help them to father a biological child ... | 2019 | 30678285 |
| predicting efavirenz concentrations in the brain tissue of hiv-infected individuals and exploring their relationship to neurocognitive impairment. | sparse data exist on the penetration of antiretrovirals into brain tissue. in this work, we present a framework to use efavirenz (efv) pharmacokinetic (pk) data in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (csf), and brain tissue of eight rhesus macaques to predict brain tissue concentrations in hiv-infected individuals. we then perform exposure-response analysis with the model-predicted efv area under the concentration-time curve (auc) and neurocognitive scores collected from a group of 24 hiv-infected parti ... | 2019 | 30675981 |
| macaque monkeys learn by observation in the ghost display condition in the object-in-place task with differential reward to the observer. | observational learning has been investigated in monkeys mainly using conspecifics or humans as models to observe. some studies attempted to clarify the social agent's role and to test whether non-human primates could learn from observation of a non-social agent, usually mentioned as a 'ghost display' condition, but they reported conflicting results. to address this question, we trained three rhesus monkeys in an object-in-place task consisting of the presentation of five subsequent problems comp ... | 2019 | 30674953 |
| cytomegalovirus vectors expressing plasmodium knowlesi antigens induce immune responses that delay parasitemia upon sporozoite challenge. | the development of a sterilizing vaccine against malaria remains one of the highest priorities for global health research. while sporozoite vaccines targeting the pre-erythrocytic stage show great promise, it has not been possible to maintain efficacy long-term, likely due to an inability of these vaccines to maintain effector memory t cell responses in the liver. vaccines based on human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) might overcome this limitation since vectors based on rhesus cmv (rhcmv), the homologo ... | 2019 | 30673723 |
| s-cone photoreceptors in the primate retina are functionally distinct from l and m cones. | daylight vision starts with signals in three classes of cone photoreceptors sensitive to short (s), middle (m), and long (l) wavelengths. psychophysical studies show that perceptual sensitivity to rapidly varying inputs differs for signals originating in s cones versus l and m cones; notably, s-cone signals appear perceptually delayed relative to l- and m-cone signals. these differences could originate in the cones themselves or in the post-cone circuitry. to determine if the cones could contrib ... | 2019 | 30672735 |
| molecular characterization of entamoeba spp. in wild taihangshan macaques (macaca mulatta tcheliensis) in china. | entamoeba spp. is one of the most common enteric parasites of humans and animals. | 2019 | 30671772 |
| blinded by the light: a nonhuman primate model of achromatopsia. | achromatopsia is an inherited retinal degeneration characterized by the loss of cone photoreceptor function. in this issue of the jci, moshiri et al. characterize a naturally occurring model of the disease in the rhesus macaque caused by homozygous mutations in the phototransduction enzyme pde6c. using retinal imaging, and electrophysiologic and biochemical methods, the authors report a clinical phenotype nearly identical to the human condition. these findings represent the first genetic nonhuma ... | 2019 | 30667378 |
| a behavioral face preference deficit in a monkey with an incomplete face patch system. | primates are experts in face perception and naturally show a preference for faces under free-viewing conditions. the primate ventral stream is characterized by a network of face patches that selectively responds to faces, but it remains uncertain how important such parcellation is for face perception. here we investigated free-viewing behavior in a female monkey who naturally lacks fmri-defined posterior and middle lateral face patches. we presented a series of content-rich images of scenes that ... | 2019 | 30665007 |