Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| factors affecting red deer skin test responsiveness to bovine and avian tuberculin and to phytohaemagglutinin. | we studied the effect of management on the responsiveness of red deer (cervus elaphus) to skin testing with mycobacterial and non-mycobacterial antigens. we hypothesized that individuals from populations of the same species under different management conditions would have a different immune responsiveness. deer sampled in this study included 1041 adult animals from 6 spanish farms and 111 adult wild deer. we injected four sites of the neck with 0.1 ml bovine purified protein derivative (ppd), 0. ... | 2009 | 19423178 |
| first isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from wild guanacos (lama guanicoe) on tierra del fuego island. | the aim of this study was to search for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection in a free-ranging wild animal species in a region where johnes's disease has yet to be reported and to classify map isolates using a genomic typing method. fecal samples were obtained from 501 wild guanacos (lama guanicoe) from tierra del fuego island, chile, in august 2006. samples were cultured using herrold's egg yolk medium with and without mycobactin j. after 9 mo of incubation, suspected map ... | 2009 | 19395739 |
| characterization of the apa antigen from m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis: a conserved mycobacterium antigen that elicits a strong humoral response in cattle. | johne's disease or paratuberculosis is widespread in almost all countries and remains difficult to eradicate. nowadays, diagnosis of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb) infection is one of the main concerns. in this work, we evaluated the expression, biochemical properties and antigenicity of the apa antigen, encoded by the gene annotated as map1569, in the mptb genome. we confirmed its expression in mptb and its glycosylation by the cona binding assay. although the mptb-apa is no ... | 2009 | 19616313 |
| reliability of environmental sampling to quantify mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis on california free-stall dairies. | the reliability of environmental sampling to quantify mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) based on collector and time was evaluated. fecal slurry samples were collected using a standardized protocol simultaneously by 2 collectors of different experience levels. samples were collected from 30 cow pens on 4 dairies every other day on 3 occasions while cow movements between pens were minimal. the 4 study herds had moderate map seroprevalence and were housed in free-stall dairies in cent ... | 2009 | 19620644 |
| biomarker discovery in subclinical mycobacterial infections of cattle. | bovine tuberculosis is a highly prevalent infectious disease of cattle worldwide; however, infection in the united states is limited to 0.01% of dairy herds. thus detection of bovine tb is confounded by high background infection with m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the present study addresses variations in the circulating peptidome based on the pathogenesis of two biologically similar mycobacterial diseases of cattle. | 2009 | 19424492 |
| identification of differentially expressed genes in ileum, intestinal lymph node and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of sheep infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis using differential display polymerase chain reaction. | discovery of differentially expressed genes aids in understanding molecular mechanisms underpinning normal and pathological states. when studying animals such as sheep where the entire genome has not been characterized, techniques that do not require knowledge of gene sequences are particularly advantageous. we used one such technique, differential display polymerase chain reaction (dd-pcr), to identify genes that had different degrees of expression in response to mycobacterium avium subsp. para ... | 2009 | 19439365 |
| single nucleotide polymorphisms in the is900 sequence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis are strain type specific. | insertion sequence is900 is used as a target for the identification of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. previous reports have revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms within is900. this study, which analyzed the is900 sequences of a panel of isolates representing m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis strain types i, ii, and iii, revealed conserved type-specific polymorphisms that could be utilized as a tool for diagnostic and epidemiological purposes. | 2009 | 19439536 |
| comparison of faecal culture and is900 pcr assay for the detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine faecal samples. | comparative efficacy of faecal culture and is900 polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay of faecal samples was investigated in 40 clinically suspected cases of johne's disease in dairy cattle. the sensitivity of faecal culture and pcr assay in this study was 52.5% (21/40) and 90% (36/40) respectively. all isolates appeared only on the mycobactin j supplemented herrold's egg yolk medium (heym) at 8-16 weeks post-inoculation, were acid-fast and were positive for is900 pcr yielding a single amplicon ... | 2009 | 19440851 |
| therapeutic vaccine comprising mycobacterium hsp70. | mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis is the causative agent of johen's disease. this infection of the small intestine is a global problem in the livestock industry. bacterial shedding by infected but subclinical animals, and transmission via the fecal or intrauterine route and through colostrum and/or milk, make containment and eradication of this disease highly problematic. current vaccine strategies are ineffective and no effective therapy is available. | 2009 | 19441901 |
| antibiotics and probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: why, when, and how. | to summarize recent evidence on the role of intestinal bacteria in inflammatory bowel diseases, and of antibiotics and probiotics in their treatment. the implications connected with the use of antibiotics are also examined. | 2009 | 19444096 |
| a longitudinal study on the impact of johne's disease status on milk production in individual cows. | longitudinal data from 3 commercial dairy herds in the northeast united states were collected from 2004 to 2007. johne's disease status, as indicated by mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis infection levels, was determined through quarterly elisa serum testing, biannual fecal culture, and culture of tissues at slaughter. milk production data were collected from the dairy herd improvement association. the effect of johne's disease status on milk production was analyzed using a mixed linear m ... | 2009 | 19447998 |
| optimization of a phage amplification assay to permit accurate enumeration of viable mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells. | a commercially available phage amplification assay, fastplaquetb (biotec laboratories, ipswich, united kingdom), when used according to the manufacturer's instructions, does not permit accurate enumeration of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the aim of this study was to optimize the phage amplification assay conditions to permit accurate quantification of viable m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells. the burst time for m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was initially determined to inf ... | 2009 | 19395561 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in cow bulk tank milk in cyprus detected by culture and quantitative is900 and f57 real-time pcr. | the possibility that mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) plays some role in the development of crohn's disease in humans is attracting attention to milk and milk products originating from infected animals. in this study, we focused on the detection of map in 220 bulk tank milk (btm) samples from all dairy cattle herds in cyprus. in total, 63 (28.6%) btm milk samples were found to be positive for map using quantitative real-time pcr assays for is900 and f57. the presence of map in b ... | 2009 | 19349086 |
| association of farm soil characteristics with ovine johne's disease in australia. | speculation about the association of soil characteristics with the expression of ovine johne's disease (ojd) prompted this cross-sectional study. we enrolled 92 sheep flocks in australia during 2004-2005 and in each enrolled flock collected pooled faecal samples from an identified cohort (group of same age and sex) of sheep and soil samples from the paddocks grazed by this cohort of sheep. faecal pools were cultured to create three outcome variables: positive or negative status of faecal pools ( ... | 2009 | 19321215 |
| early phase morphological lesions and transcriptional responses of bovine ileum infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of chronic enteritis in ruminants (johne's disease) and a possible etiopathologic agent in human crohn's disease. the host-pathogen interaction in this chronic disease has largely depended on the randomly collected static lesions studied in subclinically or clinically infected animals. we have established and utilized the neonatal calf ligated ileal loop model to study the early temporal host changes during map infection. a ... | 2009 | 19276052 |
| seroprevalence and epidemiological characteristics of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on 114 cattle farms in south west england. | between december 2002 and april 2006, 114 cattle farms in the south west of england were visited at least once, with 100 farms visited three times. a total of 29,782 serum samples were collected from 15,736 individually identified cattle. the sera were tested for the presence of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). the mean seroprevalence in herds sampled three times was 7.1%; 10.1% of cattle had at leas ... | 2009 | 19327856 |
| novel mutations in tlr genes cause hyporesponsiveness to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection. | toll like receptors (tlr) play the central role in the recognition of pathogen associated molecular patterns (pamps). mutations in the tlr1, tlr2 and tlr4 genes may change the ability to recognize pamps and cause altered responsiveness to the bacterial pathogens. | 2009 | 19470169 |
| limitations of single tests in the diagnosis of map. | 2009 | 19252219 | |
| effect of subcutaneous administration of a killed mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis vaccine on colonization of tissues following oral exposure to the organism in calves. | objective-to evaluate the effect of vaccination of calves with a killed mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map) vaccine on colonization of tissues following oral map exposure. animals-12 healthy holstein calves. procedures-at 14 days after birth, calves received the map vaccine (1.0 ml, sc) or saline (0.9% nacl) solution (1.0 ml, sc [control treatment]). each calf received 1.2 x 10(9) cfus of live map orally 21 and 22 days after vaccination. prior to vaccination and at subsequent interv ... | 2009 | 19335105 |
| inactivation of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in milk by uv treatment. | to determine the effect of uv radiation on the viability of two strains of mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) inoculated into milk. | 2009 | 19486288 |
| the transport of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis through saturated aquifer materials. | to investigate the processes controlling the transport of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) through aquifer materials. | 2009 | 19207858 |
| comparison of milk culture, direct and nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with fecal culture based on samples from dairy herds infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) is the etiologic agent of johne's disease in cattle and other farm ruminants, and is also a suspected pathogen of crohn's disease in humans. development of diagnostic methods for map infection has been a challenge over the last few decades. the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between different methods for detection of map in milk and fecal samples. a total of 134 milk samples and 110 feces samples were collected from 1 ... | 2009 | 19337397 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis fibronectin attachment protein activates dendritic cells and induces a th1 polarization. | paratuberculosis is a chronic infectious disorder and a major problem in farmed ruminants. this disease is caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis is an important pathogen that causes johne's disease in animals and also has been implicated as a possible cause of crohn's disease in humans, but little is known about the protective immune responses to this microorganism. fibronectin attachment protein (fap) is a member of a family of fibronectin-bindi ... | 2009 | 19398539 |
| role of nitric oxide production in dairy cows naturally infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | nitric oxide (no) is a crucial mediator in host defense and is one of the major killing mechanisms within macrophages. its induction is highly affected by the types of cytokines and the infectious agents present. in the current study, no production was evaluated after in vitro infection of unfractionated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) after 8h, 3 and 6 days of culture for cows in different stages of disease. in addition, the effe ... | 2009 | 19409621 |
| approaches to johne's disease. | 2009 | 19270326 | |
| genotype profiles of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis isolates recovered from animals, commercial milk, and human beings in north india. | to understand the genetic diversity of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) isolates recovered from domestic and wild ruminants, commercial milk, and human beings in north india. | 2009 | 19233699 |
| searching for proteins of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis with diagnostic potential by comparative qualitative proteomic analysis of mycobacterial tuberculins. | accurate immunodiagnosis of bovine paratuberculosis is among others hampered by the lack of specific antigens. one of the most frequently used antigen preparations is purified protein derivative (ppd), also known as tuberculin. this crude extract has limitations when used in diagnostic assays due to the presence of cross-reactive antigens. the aim of the current study was to systematically analyze the qualitative protein composition of ppd of the major mycobacterial pathogens. one-dimensional ge ... | 2009 | 19349126 |
| prevalence of michigan dairy herds infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis as determined by environmental sampling. | a cross-sectional, stratified random survey of michigan dairy herds was conducted to estimate the prevalence of herds infected with mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map), the causative agent of johne's disease, in michigan using targeted environmental sampling. one pooled sample each from the primary manure storage area and a high-traffic common cow area from each herd was collected and cultured for map using the esp culture system ii. a herd was classified as positive if at least one sampl ... | 2009 | 19359059 |
| enzyme-linked immunospot: an alternative method for the detection of interferon gamma in johne's disease. | to date, the sensitivity of the interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) to detect johne's disease (jd) has been poor, especially in the early stages of disease. to improve the sensitivity of ifn-gamma detection in the early stages of infection, an alternate assay needs to be developed. the enzyme-linked immunospot (elispot) assay is a highly sensitive technique for the detection of cytokines and has the potential to improve the diagnosis of jd. of the variables exa ... | 2009 | 19286496 |
| rapid mycobacterial liquid culture-screening method for mycobacterium avium complex based on secreted antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | sensors in automated liquid culture systems for mycobacteria, such as mgit, bact/alert 3d, and trek esp ii, flag growth of any type of bacteria; a positive signal does not mean that the target mycobacteria are present. all signal-positive cultures thus require additional and often laborious testing. an immunoassay was developed to screen liquid mycobacterial cultures for evidence of mycobacterium avium complex (mac). the method, called the mac-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), relies on ... | 2009 | 19261776 |
| heat shock protein 70 subunit vaccination against bovine paratuberculosis does not interfere with current immunodiagnostic assays for bovine tuberculosis. | paratuberculosis or johne's disease in ruminants is an infectious disease of the small intestine caused by mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis, and a global problem of the livestock industry. no therapy is available and the use of a whole bacterin vaccine is limited due to interference with tuberculosis diagnostics. in earlier studies we showed the protective effect of hsp70/dda subunit vaccination against paratuberculosis. in the current study, potential interference of this vaccination w ... | 2009 | 19428845 |
| directed evolution of a quorum-quenching lactonase from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis k-10 in the amidohydrolase superfamily. | the pll(pte-like lactonase)-group of enzymes within the amidohydrolase superfamily hydrolyze n-acyl-homoserine lactones (ahls) that are involved in bacterial quorum-sensing pathways. these enzymes possess the (beta/alpha)(8)-barrel fold and serve as attractive templates for in vitro evolution and engineering of quorum-quenching biological molecules that can serve as antivirulence therapeutic agents. using a quorum-quenching lactonase from mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis k-10 (gi: 414 ... | 2009 | 19374350 |
| on the effect of thalidomide on mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in culture. | without known mechanisms of action, thalidomide is used to treat a variety of non-malignant 'idiopathic' diseases. there is increasing concern that mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) may be zoonotic. recently, methotrexate, azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine (6-mp), 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-asa), cyclosporine a, rapamycin, and tacrolimus have been shown to inhibit map growth in culture, indicating that, unknowingly, map infections may have been treated for decades. we herein test ... | 2009 | 19303801 |
| adhesion molecules and cytokine profile in ileal tissue of sheep infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | sheep develop clinical diseases after 3-5 years after infection with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). clinical symptoms of paratuberculosis include persistent diarrhea and weight loss due to a chronic inflammation of the small intestine. tissue alterations in the areas of the ileo-cecal junction are often observed. here, we investigate the molecular processes underlying tissue damages in intestinal mucosa of 14 sheep showing either tuberculoid or lepromatous form of map enterit ... | 2009 | 19376260 |
| a bovine macrophage screening system for identifying attenuated transposon mutants of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis with vaccine potential. | johne's disease is a chronic granulomatous enteritis in ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). the disease is responsible for considerable economic losses in the livestock industry and in particular within the dairy sector. a more effective vaccine against johne's disease would be of major benefit. in this study, we developed an efficient procedure for identifying mutants of map with reduced virulence that are potential live vaccine candidates against johne's dise ... | 2009 | 19386227 |
| longitudinal study of the distribution of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the environment of dairy herds in the michigan johne's disease control demonstration herd project. | the objective of this study was to describe the distribution of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in the environment of infected dairy farms over time. johne's disease (jd) prevalence was monitored annually in 7 michigan dairy herds. environmental samples were collected bi-annually and cultured for map. of 731 environmental samples that were cultured, 81 (11%) were positive. the lactating cow floor and manure storage areas were the areas most commonly contaminated, representing 3 ... | 2009 | 20046602 |
| seroprevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in cattle in korea. | 2009 | 19946127 | |
| mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis high shedding in an adult female alpaca, and its implications for the rest of the herd. | 2009 | 19909432 | |
| significant reduction in bacterial shedding and improvement in milk production in dairy farms after the use of a new inactivated paratuberculosis vaccine in a field trial. | paratuberculosis vaccination has been in use in some regions for many decades, but results have not been widely spread. a new mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) killed vaccine was studied in relationship with its effects on fecal shedding and milk production in four farms while other two were kept as controls submitted to a test and cull scheme. | 2009 | 19930604 |
| analysis of correlations between the occurrence of anti-map antibodies in blood serum and the presence of dna-map in milk. | paratuberculosis (johne's disease) is a chronic, infectious enteritis of both domestic and wild ruminants. unfortunately, the problem of map infections is not linked only with the health status of animals and potential direct and indirect economic losses in bovine herds (of dairy cattle in particular). map bacilli present in food of animal origin (milk in particular) are likely to lead to the development of the disease in humans. fast and effective diagnosis of the disease in animals, especially ... | 2009 | 19886260 |
| production of and applications for a polyclonal igy diagnostic reagent specific for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | antibodies specific to the cell surface antigens of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) have multiple useful applications, e.g. organism detection, immunoconcentration, and cell visualization. the aim of this study was to produce and compare polyclonal antibodies for such research and diagnostic purposes. three polyclonal antibodies to map were produced using sera from immunized rabbits and chickens plus naturally infected cows. cross-reactive antibodies in each map antibody prepar ... | 2009 | 19851733 |
| prevalence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in ileocecal lymph nodes and on hides and carcasses from cull cows and fed cattle at commercial beef processing plants in the united states. | clinical associations between crohn's disease in humans and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) have been suggested but not confirmed. cattle could be sources for map, but little information on map prevalence with beef has been reported. samples of ileocecal lymph nodes and swabs of hides and carcasses from 343 animals at cull cattle slaughtering facilities and 243 animals at fed cattle slaughtering facilities across the united states were analyzed for the presence of map. amplific ... | 2009 | 19681269 |
| linking chronic infection and autoimmune diseases: mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, slc11a1 polymorphisms and type-1 diabetes mellitus. | the etiology of type 1 diabetes mellitus (t1dm) is still unknown; numerous studies are performed to unravel the environmental factors involved in triggering the disease. slc11a1 is a membrane transporter that is expressed in late endosomes of antigen presenting cells involved in the immunopathogenic events leading to t1dm. mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) has been reported to be a possible trigger in the development of t1dm. | 2009 | 19768110 |
| short communication: detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis by polymerase chain reaction in bovine milk in brazil. | mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis, or johne's disease, a chronic granulomatous enteritis that affects all ruminants worldwide. since the isolation of map from intestinal tissue of human patients bearing crohn's disease, there has been a debate on the possibility of this agent playing a role in the etiology of crohn's disease. milk could be the potential vehicle for transmission to humans. mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis has alrea ... | 2009 | 19841202 |
| occurrence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis across host species and european countries with evidence for transmission between wildlife and domestic ruminants. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) causes an infectious chronic enteritis (paratuberculosis or johne's disease) principally of ruminants. the epidemiology of map is poorly understood, particularly with respect to the role of wildlife reservoirs and the controversial issue of zoonotic potential (crohn's disease). genotypic discrimination of map isolates is pivotal to descriptive epidemiology and resolving these issues. this study was undertaken to determine the genetic diversit ... | 2009 | 19811631 |
| modulation of pathogen-induced ccl20 secretion from ht-29 human intestinal epithelial cells by commensal bacteria. | human intestinal epithelial cells (iecs) secrete the chemokine ccl20 in response to infection by various enteropathogenic bacteria or exposure to bacterial flagellin. ccl20 recruits immature dendritic cells and lymphocytes to target sites. here we investigated iec responses to various pathogenic and commensal bacteria as well as the modulatory effects of commensal bacteria on pathogen-induced ccl20 secretion. ht-29 human iecs were incubated with commensal bacteria (bifidobacterium infantis or la ... | 2009 | 19814810 |
| loss of income from cows shedding mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis prior to calving compared with cows not shedding the organism on two minnesota dairy farms. | quantification of the financial effect of mycobacterium paratuberculosis infection on lactation performance is essential to encourage participation of dairy cattle producers in johne's disease (jd) control programs. the objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in net income per lactation of cows shedding mycobacterium paratuberculosis before calving compared with test-negative cows. two minnesota dairies were enrolled in the study and fecal samples were collected from 1,048 cows d ... | 2009 | 19762809 |
| 'one health', from science to policy: examples from the israeli experience. | 'the concept of 'one health' aims to help bring about the integration of animal, human and environmental health for the mutual benefit of all. this multidisciplinary approach is of great importance in a variety of fields, from enhancement of breakthroughs in biomedical research, to epidemiological studies and public health policy decision-making. we demonstrate the strength embedded in this approach by using three case studies from israel. we first describe successful scientific collaboration be ... | 2009 | 20391389 |
| escherichia coli, salmonella, and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in wild european starlings at a kansas cattle feedlot. | the prevalence of escherichia coli, salmonella spp., and mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolated from the feces of wild european starlings (sturnus vulgaris) humanely trapped at a feedlot in central kansas was assessed. all e. coli and salmonella isolates recovered were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system panels and the e. coli isolates were classified as to their content of genes associated with pathogenic e. coli of bir ... | 2009 | 20095155 |
| comparative analysis of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from cattle, sheep and goats by short sequence repeat and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis typing. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) causes the chronic enteritis called paratuberculosis mainly in cattle, sheep and goats. evidences that point out an association between map and crohn's disease in humans are increasing. strain differentiation among map isolates has proved to be difficult and has limited the study of the molecular epidemiology of paratuberculosis. in order to asses the usefulness of the pcr based short sequence repeat (ssr) analysis of locus 1 and locus 8 in the e ... | 2008 | 19032737 |
| colostrum and milk as risk factors for infection with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in dairy cattle. | mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) infections cause major losses to the dairy industry. transmission of map occurs primarily via feces and in utero, but map can also be excreted in colostrum and milk. the objective of this study was to determine whether colostrum and milk fed to calves are important risk factors for infection with map. a questionnaire was sent to 1,050 farms participating in the danish control program on paratuberculosis in early 2007. details on practices regarding ... | 2008 | 19038936 |
| evaluation of progress made by dairy and beef herds enrolled in the minnesota johne's disease control program. | to evaluate progress made by cattle herds in the control of paratuberculosis (johne's disease) through participation in the minnesota johne's disease control program (mnjdcp). | 2008 | 19072610 |
| diagnostic detection methods for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in white-tailed deer. | this study compares the results and suitability of serological testing, microscopic examination, deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) detection, and bacterial culture for detecting mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection in asymptomatic farmed white-tailed deer (wtd) (odocoileus virginianus). deer were classified as infected if culture slants from their feces, lymph nodes, or ileum were positive, or if a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay detected map dna in any of its tissues. dee ... | 2008 | 18827845 |
| an inter-laboratory ring trial for the detection and isolation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis from raw milk artificially contaminated with naturally infected faeces. | there is a need for standardised, robust, reproducible molecular and culture methods to achieve clarification of the inactivation of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the causative microbial agent of johne's disease, in (faecally) contaminated milk and other food products such as meat. this study assessed the performance of a commercially available map dna extraction kit for milk adiapure and accompanying pcr detection kit adiavet alongside 'in-house' molecular and culture metho ... | 2008 | 17993386 |
| the mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis map3464 gene encodes an oxidoreductase involved in invasion of bovine epithelial cells through the activation of host cell cdc42. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection of cattle takes place through the intestinal mucosa. to identify m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis genes associated with the invasion of bovine epithelial cells in vitro, we screened a library of transposon mutants. several mutants of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis were identified which invaded madin-darby bovine kidney (mdbk) epithelial cells less efficiently than wild-type (wt) m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the deltaox mutant had the t ... | 2008 | 17938223 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis bacteremia in type 1 diabetes mellitus: an infectious trigger? | 2008 | 18171233 | |
| interference of paratuberculosis with the diagnosis of tuberculosis in a goat flock with a natural mixed infection. | detection of infected animals is a key step in eradication programs of tuberculosis. paratuberculosis infection has been demonstrated to compromise the specificity of the diagnostic tests. however, its effect on their sensitivity has not been clarified. in the present study, skin tests and the interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) assay were evaluated in a goat flock (n=177) with a mixed tuberculosis-paratuberculosis infection in order to assess the possible effect of paratuberculosis on their sensitivit ... | 2008 | 17954015 |
| influence of type of culture medium on characterization of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtypes. | we evaluated the effects of culture and/or enrichment methods on the selection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtypes. m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates from bovine fecal samples processed using a centrifugation protocol were investigated in both liquid (mgit paratb tubes) and solid (herrold's egg yolk medium) culture media. for this evaluation, m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis subtyping was based on the sequence variation in two of the most discriminatory short sequence ... | 2008 | 17959762 |
| pathogenic 'bison-type' mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis genotype characterized from riverine buffalo (bubalus bubalis) in north india. | despite low per-animal productivity of ruminants in developing countries, johne's disease has not been investigated in buffaloes, which are primarily found in these countries. this is due to lack of expertise, diagnostic kits and priority to production diseases like johne's disease. presence of pathogenic mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) was investigated by screening of target tissues (mesenteric lymph nodes and large intestine) by culture and is 900 pcr, in 50 sacrificed bu ... | 2008 | 17804069 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from patients with crohn's disease using nucleic acid-based techniques: a systematic review and meta-analysis. | this study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using nucleic acid-based techniques to detect mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) in patients with crohn's disease (cd) compared with controls. database searches were conducted and risk difference estimates were calculated using meta-analysis. fifty-eight studies were reviewed, 47 of which were included in the analysis. the pooled estimate of risk difference from all studies was 0.23 (95% confidence interval [ci], 0.14-0.32) u ... | 2008 | 17886288 |
| characterization of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis disseminated infection in dairy cattle and its association with antemortem test results. | mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) disseminated infection in dairy cattle affects animal health and productivity and is also a potential public health concern. the study objectives were to characterize map disseminated infection in dairy cattle and to determine the role of antemortem tests in detecting cattle with disseminated infection. forty culled dairy cows representing a variety of serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) results and body conditions were selected f ... | 2008 | 17881159 |
| comparison of 13 single-round and nested pcr assays targeting is900, ismav2, f57 and locus 255 for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | for molecular biological detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), pcr methods with primers targeting different regions specific for map are used worldwide. however, some uncertainties exist concerning the specificity of certain target regions and the sensitivity. to identify the methods which are best suited for diagnostics, 8 single-round and 5 nested pcr systems including 12 different primer pairs based on is900 (9 x), ismav2 (1x), f57 (1x), and locus 255 (1x) sequences ... | 2008 | 17889455 |
| bovine igg1 antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis protein p34-cx improve association of bacteria and macrophages. | paratuberculosis, caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), is a chronic granulomatous enteric disease in cattle. among molecular components of map, protein p34 was identified as specific and immunodominant for bovine b cells. in order to determine if specific antibodies could influence the course of map pathogenesis, the interaction between bacteria and bovine macrophages was studied. bovine polyclonal antibodies from 3 calves vaccinated with protein p34-cx, 6 calves vaccinat ... | 2008 | 18073093 |
| profiling bovine antibody responses to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection by using protein arrays. | with the genome sequence of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis determined, technologies are now being developed for construction of protein arrays to detect the presence of antibodies against m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in host serum. the power of this approach is that it enables a direct comparison of m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteins to each other in relation to their immunostimulatory capabilities. in this study, 93 recombinant proteins, produced in escherichia coli, wer ... | 2008 | 18039835 |
| humoral immune responses of type 1 diabetes patients to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis lend support to the infectious trigger hypothesis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis is a zoonotic pathogen whose association with crohn's disease in humans is under scrutiny. the objective of this work was to investigate its association with other chronic diseases such as type 1 diabetes mellitus (t1dm), where the involvement of a persistent pathogen such as m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis could be the trigger. for this purpose, 59 diabetic patients and 59 healthy controls were investigated for the presence of antibodies against two ... | 2008 | 18077612 |
| what is human inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) more like: johne's disease in cattle or ibd in dogs and cats? | 2008 | 17680652 | |
| presence and characterization of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from clinical and suspected cases of crohn's disease and in the healthy human population in india. | to investigate and characterize mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in patients with crohn's disease, attendants of animals with suspected infection, and healthy humans, using multiple diagnostic tests. | 2008 | 17913536 |
| sero-prevalence of bovine johne's disease in buffaloes and cattle population of north india using indigenous elisa kit based on native mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis 'bison type' genotype of goat origin. | present pilot study is the first attempt in the country to estimate sero-prevalence of bovine johne's disease (bjd) by screening cattle and buffaloes representing large population belonging to farmer's and farm herds in the home tracts (uttar pradesh (up) and punjab) of hariana cattle and murrah buffaloes in north india. indigenous and in-house plate elisa kit (using protoplasmic antigen from native mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis 'bison type' strain of goat origin), originally devel ... | 2008 | 17854892 |
| simulation model for evaluation of testing strategies for detection of paratuberculosis in midwestern us dairy herds. | we developed a stochastic simulation model to compare the herd sensitivity (hse) of five testing strategies for detection of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in midwestern us dairies. testing strategies were elisa serologic testing by two commercial assays (ea and eb), elisa testing with follow-up of positive samples with individual fecal culture (eaifc and ebifc), individual fecal culture (ifc), pooled fecal culture (pfc), and culture of fecal slurry samples from the environmen ... | 2008 | 17719108 |
| gastrointestinal infections, an overview: from pathogens to metagenomes. | 2008 | 18043224 | |
| the evidence for mycobacterium paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | though long hypothesized, the putative link between mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis and crohn's disease remains neither confirmed nor refuted. this article reviews published contributions that directly or indirectly address this question. | 2008 | 18043227 |
| is alpha-dystroglycan the missing link in the mechanism of enterocyte uptake and translocation of mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis? | mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (map) is an important animal pathogen with a potential role in human disease. map is recognized to cause severe diarrheas and wasting syndrome in patients infected by the human immuno-deficiency virus. recently, there is also growing evidence that map is somehow involved into the patho-mechanisms of crohn's disease. however, the mechanism how map binds to the intestinal mucosa and consecutively invades and translocates the intestinal epithelial cells is still ... | 2008 | 17597306 |
| transmission parameters of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infections in a dairy herd going through a control program. | a johne's disease control program, including stringent management practices and a test-and-cull program (whole-herd fecal-samples taken twice a year), was implemented on a medium-sized pennsylvania dairy farm that was suffering losses from clinical johne's disease. the data that emerged from the control program, combined with birthdates, culling dates, lactation information and pedigrees, yielded an extensive longitudinal dataset. the dataset was processed through sas 9.1 for statistical analysi ... | 2008 | 17868937 |
| lymphoproliferative response and its relationship with histological lesions in experimental ovine paratuberculosis and its diagnostic implications. | lymphoproliferative response (lpr) was studied in 19 lambs orally infected (group i) with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) with in vitro lymphocyte stimulation test using mtt dye reduction assay. the non-specific lpr against con a and specific lpr against sonicated antigen and johnin ppd (purified protein derivatives) were estimated on preinfection (0 day) and various days postinfection period (15 to 330 dpi) in the animals, which were classified according to histological and ba ... | 2008 | 17619156 |
| evaluation of indigenous milk elisa with m-culture and m-pcr for the diagnosis of bovine johne's disease (bjd) in lactating indian dairy cattle. | present study is the first attempt to evaluate an indigenous milk elisa with milk culture, standardize milk pcr, estimate lacto-prevalence of map and genotype map dna from milk samples in few indian dairy herds. in all 115 cows were sampled from 669 lactating cows in six dairy herds from three districts of north india. fifty milk samples (four herds) were screened by three tests (milk culture, m-elisa and m-pcr). lacto-prevalence of map in four dairy herds was 84.0% (50.0% in fat and 62.0% in se ... | 2008 | 17544046 |
| isolation of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from non-ruminant wildlife living in the sheds and on the pastures of greek sheep and goats. | this study aimed to: (1) investigate whether non-ruminant wildlife interfacing with dairy sheep and goats of four greek flocks endemically infected with mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) harboured map and (2) genetically compare the strains isolated from the wildlife to those isolated from the small ruminants of these flocks. we cultured and screened, by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), pooled-tissue samples from 327 wild animals of 11 species for the map-specific is900 inser ... | 2008 | 17578601 |
| experimental animal infection models for johne's disease, an infectious enteropathy caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | a critical literature review of experimental infection models for johne's disease in farm and laboratory animals was conducted. a total of 73 references were admitted. they were published between 1938 and 2006 and covered species as diverse as cattle, sheep, goats, deer, mice, pigs and others. the factors that appeared to influence the outcome of experimental infections with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (mptb) were the species, breed and age of subject used for the infection, the ... | 2008 | 17449304 |
| association of severity of enteric granulomatous inflammation with disseminated mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection and antemortem test results for paratuberculosis in dairy cows. | disseminated infection (di) of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in cattle may impair cow health, potentiate spread of disease, and is a potential food-safety risk. the objectives of this study were to determine the association between severity of histologic enteric lesions and the occurrence of di, clinical signs, and positive fecal culture and serum elisa results. bacteriologic fecal culture and serum elisa were performed on 40 dairy cows from map-infected herds. cows were ... | 2008 | 18448275 |
| the recovery of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from the intestine of infected ruminants for proteomic evaluation. | johne's disease is a slowly developing intestinal disease, primarily of ruminants, caused by mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis. the disease contributes to significant economic losses worldwide in agricultural industry. analysis of bacterial proteomes isolated directly from infected animals can provide important information about the repertoire of proteins present during infection and disease progression. in this study, m. avium subspecies paratuberculosis has been extracted from jo ... | 2008 | 18547663 |
| correlation between rpob gene mutation in mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and clinical rifabutin and rifampicin resistance for treatment of crohn's disease. | to investigate overlapping regions of the rpob gene previously involved with rifamycin resistance in m. tuberculosis and seek correlation between rpob mutations in clinical map strains with susceptibility to rif and rfb. | 2008 | 18461657 |
| paratuberculosis in holstein-friesian cattle farms in central iran. | paratuberculosis is an important disease of ruminants with a worldwide distribution. in developing countries where funding constraints challenge establishment of control schemes, large losses are incurred on cattle farmers due to paratuberculosis. in this study, faecal specimens from holstein-friesian cows with progressed and moderate clinical paratuberculosis (n = 223) from 13 dairy farms in isfahan, central iran, were subjected to bacterial culture. culture growth diagnostic for m. avium subsp ... | 2008 | 18484118 |
| herd-level prevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis by bulk-tank milk pcr in fars province (southern iran) dairy herds. | a cross-sectional study was conducted from march to august 2006 in dairy herds in fars province, southern iran to determine the herd-level prevalence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) infection. bulk-tank milk samples were collected from 110 dairy herds in the 3 districts (shiraz, marvdasht and sepidan) of the province. among study populations, 12 herds (11%, 95%ci: 5-17%) were positive for map infection based on is900 nested pcr. the prevalence of positive milk samples in ... | 2008 | 18501450 |
| mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and crohn's disease. | 2008 | 18501847 | |
| evaluation of five elisa test kits for the measurement of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in bovine serum. | five commercially available elisa tests for the detection of antibodies against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in bovine serum were evaluated at the individual animal level using sera from 286 paratuberculosis-free and 110 paratuberculosis-infected dairy cattle. sensitivity (se) and specificity (sp) of the tests were estimated after determination of the cut-off dtheta by tg-roc analysis or using the cut-off values recommended by the manufacturers, respectively. when the dtheta cut-o ... | 2008 | 18557524 |
| detection of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis: comparing fecal culture versus serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and direct fecal polymerase chain reaction. | mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (map) is the etiologic agent of johne's disease in cattle. the disease causes diarrhea, reduced milk production, poor reproductivity, emaciation, and eventually death. culture on herrold's egg yolk agar is considered to be the definitive test for diagnosis of johne's in cattle. this method has moderate sensitivity (30 to 50%) and is 100% specific; however, it can take up to 16 wk due to the slow growth of map. currently, serum elisa is used to screen her ... | 2008 | 18565921 |
| potential pathogenic role of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in crohn's disease. | 2008 | 18508318 | |
| effectiveness of mycobacterium paratuberculosis isolation from raw milk by means of direct isolation of dna and classic culture. | detection of mycobacterium paratuberculosis (map) in tissues of patients suffering from crohn's disease has given rise to speculation that this mycobacterium may play some role in the development of this disease in humans. food products, especially milk obtained from animals infected with paratuberculosis, may be a potential vector of map to humans, yet the detection of this pathogen poses a number of difficulties. this study was aimed at comparing the effectiveness of map isolation from milk sa ... | 2008 | 18540204 |
| familial and herd-level associations with paratuberculosis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay status in beef cattle. | a cross-sectional study was performed to determine the odds of having a positive paratuberculosis elisa result if the dam was elisa positive in texas beef cattle, adjusted for individual and herd-level risk factors for seropositivity. texas beef cattle (n = 2,621) were tested for paratuberculosis by using a commercial elisa and microbiologic culture of feces for mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). pedigree data were collected to identify dam-and sire-offspring pairs. bayesian mixe ... | 2008 | 18469058 |
| histopathological classification of lesions observed in natural cases of paratuberculosis in free-ranging fallow deer (dama dama). | ninety-five adult fallow deer, legally hunted in the regional hunting reserve of el sueve (northern spain), were subjected to a post-mortem examination for paratuberculosis, samples being taken from the proximal and distal jejunum, proximal and distal ileum, ileocaecal valve and associated lymph nodes. the lesions were divided into four categories. focal lesions (n=19 cases) consisted of small granulomas, mainly in the jejunal and ileal lymph nodes. multifocal lesions (n=4) consisted of well-dem ... | 2008 | 18342877 |
| immune responses in mice to mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis following vaccination with a novel 74f recombinant polyprotein. | johne's disease (jd) is a chronic infectious disease of ruminants caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map). here, we report the cloning and expression of a 74kda recombinant polyprotein (map74f) and its protective efficacy against map infection in mice. map74f was generated by the sequential linkage of the orfs of the approximately 17.6-kda c-terminal fragment of map3527 to the full-length orf of map1519, followed at the c-terminus with approximately 14.6-kda n-terminal portio ... | 2008 | 18243427 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and m. avium subsp. avium are independently evolved pathogenic clones of a much broader group of m. avium organisms. | mycobacterium avium comprises organisms that share the same species designation despite considerable genomic and phenotypic variability. to determine the degree and nature of variability between subspecies and strains of m. avium, we used multilocus sequencing analysis, studying 56 genetically diverse strains of m. avium that included all described subspecies. in total, 8,064 bp of sequence from 10 gene loci were studied, with 205 (2.5%) representing variable positions. the majority (149/205) of ... | 2008 | 18245284 |
| sequence polymorphisms in a surface ppe protein distinguish types i, ii, and iii of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | in the last 2 decades, a variety of different molecular typing methods have been developed to differentiate strains of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the most successful techniques are based on insertion sequences, repetitive loci, comparative genomics, or single nucleotide polymorphisms. in the present study, we chose to examine whether a single m. avium subsp. paratuberculosis gene could serve as a means of differentiation of a variety of isolates. the map1506 gene locus encodes ... | 2008 | 18272710 |
| role of cell membrane receptors in the suppression of monocyte anti-microbial activity against mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), the agent of paratuberculosis, is a slow growing mycobacteria that survives within ruminant mononuclear phagocytes by preventing cell activation and phagosome maturation. we investigated interactions between map and monocyte membrane receptors that result in activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) p38 pathway and suppression of monocyte antimicrobial activity. bovine monocytes were treated with blocking antibodies or specific c ... | 2008 | 18079089 |
| effects of nuclear factor-kappab on regulation of cytokine expression and apoptosis in bovine monocytes exposed to mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis. | to evaluate the role of the nuclear factor-kappab (nf-kappab) in the response of bovine monocytes to exposure to mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (map). | 2008 | 18518662 |
| cxcl10+ t cells and nk cells assist in the recruitment and activation of cxcr3+ and cxcl11+ leukocytes during mycobacteria-enhanced colitis. | the role of mycobacteria in the etiology of crohn's disease (cd) has been a contentious subject for many years. recently, our laboratory showed that spontaneous colitis in il-10-/- mice is driven in part by antigens (ags) conserved in mycobacteria. the present study dissects some of the common cellular and molecular mechanism that drive mycobacteria-mediated and spontaneous colitis in il-10-/- mice. | 2008 | 18533024 |
| blood cultures of 19 crohn's disease patients. | 2008 | 18341502 | |
| cross species transmission of ovine johne's disease from sheep to cattle: an estimate of prevalence in exposed susceptible cattle. | to determine the prevalence of infection of cattle with the sheep strain of mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis at least two years after exposure at < 6 months old. | 2008 | 18363982 |
| incidence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in a population-based cohort of patients with crohn's disease and control subjects. | to define the incidence of mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (map) in patients with crohn's disease (cd) and in control subjects. | 2008 | 18371139 |
| parturition invokes changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cell populations in holstein dairy cows naturally infected with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | johne's disease (jd) is characterized by a protracted period of subclinical infection. infected cows may remain in the subclinical state until stressors such as parturition and lactation invoke more clinical signs of disease. the objective of this study was to evaluate changes in the percentages of cd4(+), cd8(+), and gammadelta t-cells, b-cells, monocytes, as well as the expression of the activation marker, cd5, on these cell subpopulations in the peripheral blood of dairy cows naturally infect ... | 2008 | 18294700 |
| differential immune responses of red deer (cervus elaphus) following experimental challenge with mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. | immune responses of red deer (cervus elaphus) that presented with different levels of paucibacillary pathology were profiled to detail immune changes during the progression of johne's disease. immune responses were monitored using an immunoglobulin g1 (igg1) antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), a gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) elisa, and flow cytometry. animals in the study were divided into outcome groups postmortem according to disease severity. all animals mounted igg1 antibody a ... | 2008 | 18400974 |