Publications

calcium hydroxide inactivates lipoteichoic acid from enterococcus faecalis through deacylation of the lipid moiety.	lipoteichoic acid (lta) is a major virulence factor of enterococcus faecalis that is closely associated with refractory apical periodontitis. recently, we have shown that calcium hydroxide, a commonly used intracanal medicament, abrogated the ability of lta to stimulate the production of tumor necrosis factor α in a murine macrophage line, raw 264.7. because calcium hydroxide could potentially modify the glycolipid moiety of lta, we examined if calcium hydroxide inactivates lta through deacylati ...	2011	21238801
blood culture contamination with enterococci and skin organisms: implications for surveillance definitions of primary bloodstream infections.	enterococci are a common cause of bacteremia but are also common contaminants. in our institution, approximately 17% of positive blood cultures with enterococci are mixed with skin organisms. such isolates are probable contaminants. the specificity of the current definition of primary bloodstream infection could be increased by excluding enterococci mixed with skin organisms.	2011	21239084
canine bacterial urinary tract infections: new developments in old pathogens.	uncomplicated bacterial urinary tract infections (utis) occur commonly in dogs. persistent or recurrent infections are reported less frequently. they typically occur in dogs with an underlying disease and are sometimes asymptomatic, especially in dogs with predisposing chronic disease. escherichia coli is the organism most frequently cultured in both simple and complicated utis. organisms such as enterococcus spp. and pseudomonas spp. are less common in uncomplicated uti, but become increasingly ...	2011	21239193
survival of escherichia coli, enterococci, and campylobacter spp. in sheep feces on pastures.	the survival of enteric bacteria in 10 freshly collected sheep fecal samples on pastures was measured in each of four seasons. ten freshly collected feces were placed on pasture, and concentrations of escherichia coli, enterococci, and campylobacter spp. were monitored until exhaustion of the fecal samples. in all four seasons, there was an increase in enterococcal concentrations by up to 3 orders of magnitude, with peak concentrations recorded between 11 and 28 days after deposition. e. coli co ...	2011	21239546
entianin, a novel subtilin-like lantibiotic from bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii dsm 15029t with high antimicrobial activity.	lantibiotics, such as nisin and subtilin, are lanthionine-containing peptides that exhibit antimicrobial as well as pheromone-like autoinducing activity. autoinduction is specific for each lantibiotic, and reporter systems for nisin and subtilin autoinduction are available. in this report, we used the previously reported subtilin autoinduction bioassay in combination with mass spectrometric analyses to identify the novel subtilin-like lantibiotic entianin from bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii ...	2011	21239550
nationwide survey of antibacterial activity against clinical isolates from urinary tract infections in japan (2008).	in this study, the causative bacteria and their sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents as well as risk factors for quinolone-resistant escherichia coli were investigated in patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis or complicated cystitis by isolation and culture of bacteria from urine samples. in total, 1312 strains were isolated from 1009 patients with acute uncomplicated cystitis, including e. coli (63.3%), enterococcus faecalis (12.8%) and streptococcus agalactiae (4.6%). in addition, ...	2011	21242062
suprathel-antiseptic matrix: in vitro model for local antiseptic treatment?	acetic acid is a traditional antiseptic agent that has been used for more than 6000 years. the main goal of this study was to demonstrate the suitability of suprathel (polymedics innovations gmbh, denkendorf, germany) in combination with various antiseptic agents to create an "antiseptic-matrix" especially designed for problematic microorganisms such as proteus vulgaris, acinetobacter baumannii, or pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are frequently associated with burns. the study was designed to test ...	2011	21242734
application of pfge to source tracking of faecal pollution in coastal recreation area: a case study in aoshima beach, japan.	the development of a microbial source tracking (mst) method is strongly desired to ensure public health and bacteriological safety in coastal recreation areas. we try to specify the source of faecal pollution by applying pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) to the study of the aquatic environment on aoshima beach, japan.	2011	21244588
anti-listeria bacteriocin-producing bacteria from raw ewe's milk in northern greece.	aims: the isolation and partial characterization of anti-listeria bacteriocin producing strains present in milk from areas of northern greece in view of their potential use as protective cultures in food fermentations. methods and results: three hundred and thirty-two isolates were obtained from milk samples intended for feta cheese production and gathered from 40 individual producers in northern greece. isolates with anti-listeria activity were identified by multiplex pcr as enterococcus faec ...	2011	21244589
cross-resistance to lincosamides, streptogramins a, and pleuromutilins due to the lsa(c) gene in streptococcus agalactiae ucn70.	streptococcus agalactiae ucn70, isolated from a vaginal swab obtained in new zealand, is resistant to lincosamides and streptogramins a (ls(a) phenotype) and also to tiamulin (a pleuromutilin). by whole-genome sequencing, we identified a 5,224-bp chromosomal extra-element that comprised a 1,479-bp open reading frame coding for an abc protein (492 amino acids) 45% identical to lsa(a), a protein related to intrinsic ls(a) resistance in enterococcus faecalis. expression of this novel gene, named ls ...	2011	21245447
relapse of enterococcus hirae prosthetic valve endocarditis.	enterococcus hirae, a gram-positive bacterium, is a rare isolate in clinical specimens. we report an unusual case of a relapse of prosthetic valve endocarditis due to e. hirae 6 months after the initial episode. clonal relationship was proven by genomic analysis.	2011	21248089
potential beneficial properties of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria isolated from smoked salmon.	aims: to evaluate the probiotic properties of strains isolated from smoked salmon and previously identified as bacteriocin producers. methods and results: strains lactobacillus curvatus et06, et30 and et31, lactobacillus fermentum et35, lactobacillus delbrueckii et32, pediococcus acidilactici et34 and enterococcus faecium et05, et12 and et88 survived conditions simulating the gastrointestinal tract (git) and produced bacteriocins active against several strains of listeria monocytogenes, but pr ...	2011	21251174
co-emergence of linezolid-resistant staphylococcus aureus and enterococcus faecium in a patient with methicillin-resistant s. aureus pneumonic sepsis.		2011	21251573
impact of a probiotic enterococcus faecalis in a gnotobiotic mouse model of experimental colitis.	il-10-deficient (il-10(-/-) ) mice are susceptible to the development of chronic intestinal inflammation in response to the colonization with commensal enterococcus faecalis isolates. the aim of this study was to characterize the impact of a probiotic e. faecalis strain in germ-free, wild-type (wt), and disease-susceptible il-10(-/-) mice.	2011	21254393
low carriage of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in the digestive tract of french hospitalised patients: a nationwide prospective study in 2006.		2011	21216037
a comparative evaluation of 3 root canal filling systems.	this in vitro study was conducted to evaluate and compare the microbial leakage of a new obturation system: guttaflow with resin-based resilon cones and epiphany sealer, keeping gutta-percha with ah plus sealer as the standard.	2011	21216635
retrospective evidence for a biological cost of vancomycin resistance determinants in the absence of glycopeptide selective pressures.	to estimate the relative fitness differences between glycopeptide-resistant enterococcus faecium (gref) and glycopeptide-susceptible e. faecium (gsef) from yearly surveillance data on the occurrence of gref in danish poultry farm environments.	2011	21217128
a comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy and flow properties for epiphany, guttaflow and ah-plus sealer.	to test the antimicrobial efficacy and flow properties of guttaflow, epiphany sealer and ah-plus sealer.	2011	21219358
infectious complications more than 1 year after liver transplantation: a 3-decade nationwide experience.	because few reports have addressed infections late (≥1 year) after liver transplantation (lt), we evaluated the incidence, risk factors and pathogens involved. infection data were from the finnish lt registry, with starting date, type and relevant pathogens for 501 finnish adult lt patients surviving ≥1 year post-transplant. follow-up end points were end of study, death or retransplantation. logistic regression to assess risk factors was adjusted for age, gender and follow-up time. with 3923 per ...	2011	21219571
infection acquisition following intensive care unit room privatization.	patients in intensive care units (icus) often acquire infections, which impose a heavy human and financial burden. the use of private rooms may reduce the acquisition of certain pathogens, but the limited evidence on this topic is inconsistent.	2011	21220658
synthesis of 4'-aminopantetheine and derivatives to probe aminoglycoside n-6'-acetyltransferase.	a convenient synthesis of 4'-aminopantetheine from commercial d-pantethine is reported. the amino group was introduced by reductive amination in order to avoid substitution at a sterically congested position. derivatives of 4'-aminopantetheine were also prepared to evaluate the effect of o-to-n substitution on inhibitors of the resistance-causing enzyme aminoglycoside n-6'-acetyltransferase. the biological results combined with docking studies indicate that in spite of its reported unusual flexi ...	2011	21225062
human and swine hosts share vancomycin-resistant enterococcus faecium cc17 and cc5 and enterococcus faecalis cc2 clonal clusters harboring tn1546 on indistinguishable plasmids.	vre isolates from pigs (n = 29) and healthy persons (n = 12) recovered during wide surveillance studies performed in portugal, denmark, spain, switzerland, and the united states (1995 to 2008) were compared with outbreak/prevalent vre clinical strains (n = 190; 23 countries; 1986 to 2009). thirty clonally related enterococcus faecium clonal complex 5 (cc5) isolates (17 sequence type 6 [st6], 6 st5, 5 st185, 1 st147, and 1 st493) were obtained from feces of swine and healthy humans. this collecti ...	2011	21227995
use of the usp45 lactococcal secretion signal sequence to drive the secretion and functional expression of enterococcal bacteriocins in lactococcus lactis.	replacement of the signal peptide (sp) of the bacteriocins enterocin p (entp) and hiracin jm79 (hirjm79), produced by enterococcus faecium p13 and enterococcus hirae dch5, respectively, by the signal peptide of usp45 (sp(usp45)), the major sec-dependent protein secreted by lactococcus lactis, permits the production, secretion, and functional expression of entp and hirjm79 by l. lactis. chimeric genes encoding the sp(usp45) fused to either mature entp (entp), with or without the immunity gene (en ...	2011	20842358
crystallization of α- and β-carotene in the foregut of spodoptera larvae feeding on a toxic food plant.	in the animal kingdom, carotenoids are usually absorbed from dietary sources and transported to target tissues. despite their general importance, the uptake mechanism is still poorly understood. here we report the "red crop" phenomenon, an accumulation of α- and β-carotene in crystalline inclusions in the enlarged foregut of the polyphagous spodoptera larvae feeding on some potentially toxic plant leaves. the carotene crystals give the insect foregut a distinctive orange-red color. the crystals ...	2011	21255649
immunological detection of uv induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and (6-4) photoproducts in dna from reference bacteria and natural aquatic populations.	uv light-caused dna damage is a widespread field of study. as uv light has the biological effect of inactivating or killing bacteria, it is used for water disinfection. due to this application, it is important to study the dna damage efficiencies and regeneration capacities in bacteria after uv irradiation. two monoclonal antibodies, anti-cpd and anti-(6-4) pp, were applied for an immunoassay of uv-induced dna modifications. cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (cpd) and 6-4 photoproduct (6-4 pp) were d ...	2011	21256881
detection of aaca-aphd, qaced1, mara, flor, and teta genes from multidrug-resistant bacteria: comparative analysis of real-time multiplex pcr assays using evagreen(®) and sybr(®) green i dyes.	we have developed multiplex real-time pcr assays that utilize dna-intercalating dyes, sybr green i (sg) and evagreen (eg), with two primer sets (set 1=qaced1, teta and aaca-aphd; set 2=teta, mara, and flor) to simultaneously amplify the qaced1, teta, aaca-aphd, mara, and flor genes. validity of the multiplex pcr assays was confirmed by testing 83 bacterial isolates, including staphylococcus aureus (28 isolates), enterococcus spp. (17 isolates), salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (8 isolates ...	2011	21256956
a selenium-dependent xanthine dehydrogenase triggers biofilm proliferation in enterococcus faecalis through oxidant production.	selenium has been shown to be present as a labile cofactor in a small class of molybdenum hydroxylase enzymes in several species of clostridia that specialize in the fermentation of purines and pyrimidines. this labile cofactor is poorly understood, yet recent bioinformatic studies have suggested that enterococcus faecalis could serve as a model system to better understand the way in which this enzyme cofactor is built and the role of these metalloenzymes in the physiology of the organism. an mr ...	2011	21257770
enterococcus faecalis virulence regulator fsra binding to target promoters.	the fsrabdc signal transduction system is a major virulence regulator in enterococcus faecalis. the fsrc sensor histidine kinase, upon activation by the gelatinase biosynthesis-activating pheromone (gbap) peptide encoded by the fsrbd genes, phosphorylates the fsra response regulator required for the transcription of the fsrbdc and the gele-spre genes from the fsrb promoter and the gele promoter, respectively. fsra belongs to the lyttr family of proteins, which includes other virulence regulators ...	2011	21257771
analysis of the bacterial heat shock response to photodynamic therapy-mediated oxidative stress.	antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (pdt) has recently emerged as an effective modality for the selective destruction of bacteria and other pathogenic microorganisms. we investigated whether pdt induced protective responses such as heat shock proteins (hsps) in bacteria. using the photosensitizer toluidine blue o (tbo) at sublethal pdt conditions, a seven-fold increase in bacterial hsp groel and a three-fold increase in hsp dnak were observed in escherichia coli post pdt. pretreatment with 50°c h ...	2011	21261628
effect of lactobacillus plantarum lp-onlly on gut flora and colitis in interleukin-10 knockout mice.	probiotics are used in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. this study aimed to determine the effects of probiotic lactobacillus plantarum lp-onlly (lp) on gut flora and colitis in interleukin-10 knockout (il-10(-/-) ) mice, a model of spontaneous colitis.	2011	21261733
comparison of culture-dependent and -independent methods for bacterial community monitoring during montasio cheese manufacturing.	the microbial community in milk is of great importance in the manufacture of traditional cheeses produced using raw milk and natural cultures. during milk curdling and cheese ripening, complex interactions occur in the microbial community, and accurate identification of the microorganisms involved provides essential information for understanding their role in these processes and in flavor production. recent improvements in molecular biological methods have led to their application to food matric ...	2011	21262359
[antibacterial effect of the materials for the root canal filling, bases and material for the cavity fillings].	to assess antimicrobial effects of the materials used in the endodontic treatment of the teeth.	2011	21263394
[necrotising inflammations of the lower extremities due to gastrointestinal perforations].		2011	21264810
the hylefm gene in phylefm of enterococcus faecium is not required in pathogenesis of murine peritonitis.	plasmids containing hylefm (phylefm) were previously shown to increase gastrointestinal colonization and lethality of enterococcus faecium in experimental peritonitis. the hylefm gene, predicting a glycosyl hydrolase, has been considered as a virulence determinant of hospital-associated e. faecium, although its direct contribution to virulence has not been investigated. here, we constructed mutants of the hylefm-region and we evaluated their effect on virulence using a murine peritonitis model.	2011	21266081
a simple and efficient method to search for selected primary transcripts: non-coding and antisense rnas in the human pathogen enterococcus faecalis.	enterococcus faecalis is a commensal bacterium and a major opportunistic human pathogen. in this study, we combined in silico predictions with a novel 5'race-derivative method coined '5'tagrace', to perform the first search for non-coding rnas (ncrnas) encoded on the e. faecalis chromosome. we used the 5'tagrace to simultaneously probe and characterize primary transcripts, and demonstrate here the simplicity, the reliability and the sensitivity of the method. the 5'tagrace is complementary to ti ...	2011	21266481
insects in confined swine operations carry a large antibiotic resistant and potentially virulent enterococcal community.	extensive use of antibiotics as growth promoters in the livestock industry constitutes strong selection pressure for evolution and selection of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains. unfortunately, the microbial ecology and spread of these bacteria in the agricultural, urban, and suburban environments are poorly understood. insects such as house flies (musca domestica) and german cockroaches (blattella germanica) can move freely between animal waste and food and may play a significant role in t ...	2011	21269466
macrophages from ibd patients exhibit defective tumour necrosis factor-a secretion but otherwise normal or augmented pro-inflammatory responses to infection.	defects in macrophage function have been implicated in the establishment of crohn's disease (cd). however, the response of macrophages from cd patients to live bacteria, particularly mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map), has not been addressed. considering map has long been associated to cd, our objective was to assess whether macrophages from cd patients showed impaired inflammatory response to infection by map comparing to m. avium subsp. avium (ma) and other live intestinal comme ...	2011	21269730
vancomycin-dependent enterococcus faecium vana: characterization of the first case isolated in a university hospital in brazil.	in this study, we report the characterization of a strain of enterococcus faecium vana, which grows only in the presence of vancomycin (vdefm-uel). the bacterium was isolated from the feces of a female patient who had undergone surgical treatment of reinke's edema and was receiving intravenous vancomycin therapy for infection with methicillin/oxacillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, a postoperative complication. antimicrobial dependence was further confirmed by the vancomycin e-test. vdefm-uel ...	2011	21271180
c-reactive protein and interleukin-6 responses for differentiating fungal and bacterial aetiology in late-onset neonatal sepsis.	fungal infections are increasingly frequent causes of neonatal sepsis (ns). this study examined the predictive value of the combined evaluation of the c-reactive protein (crp) and interleukin-6 (il-6) responses for differentiating fungal and bacterial aetiologies in patients with ns. from january to september 2007, neonates who were diagnosed with ns and had their crp and il-6 levels measured were selected. based on their blood culture results, the neonates were divided into two groups: group of ...	2011	19889172
detection of leptospira in urine using anti-leptospira-coated gold nanoparticles.	serological assays for antibody detection have been widely used for leptospirosis diagnosis. however, antibody is usually undetectable during the first week after infection. detection of leptospira dna can be done by pcr but this technique requires special equipments and the cost is still relatively high. here we demonstrate that gold nanoparticles can be used to facilitate leptospira detection. gold nanoparticles were coated with rabbit antibody specific to leptospira interrogans serovar bratis ...	2011	20015548
properties of different lactic acid bacteria isolated from apis mellifera l. bee-gut.	eight strains belonging to lactobacillus spp. and five to enterococcus spp. were isolated from the gut of worker apis mellifera l. bees. studies based on 16s rrna sequencing revealed that aj5, ig9, a15 and crl1647 strains had a 99% identity with lactobacillus johnsonii, while sm21 showed a 99% similarity with enterococcus faecium. l. johnsonii crl1647, aj5 and ig9 were high lactic acid producers (values were between 177 and 275 mm), and in vitro they inhibited different human food-borne pathogen ...	2011	20116222
effect of time to onset on clinical features and prognosis of post-sternotomy mediastinitis.	incubation time affects the clinical features and outcome of many nosocomial infections. however, its role in the setting of post-sternotomy mediastinitis (psm) has not been specifically studied. the present study aimed to evaluate the impact of time to onset of psm on the clinical presentation and outcomes of patients. hospital records of 197 patients who developed psm over a 10-year period and were treated by closed drainage using redon catheters were reviewed retrospectively. follow-up was co ...	2011	20167008
biliary cast syndrome in sclerosing cholangitis.		2011	20207597
improved detection of microbial ureteral stent colonisation by sonication.	the diagnosis of microbial ureteral stent colonisation (musc) is difficult, since routine diagnostic techniques do not accurately detect microorganisms embedded in biofilms. new methods may improve diagnostic yield and understanding the pathophysiology of musc. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential of sonication in the detection of musc and to identify risk factors for device colonisation.	2011	20306317
black hole in the lung.		2011	20348969
bacteriological quality of drinking water in nyala, south darfur, sudan.	the objective of this study was to determine the bacterial contaminations in drinking water in nyala city, south darfur, sudan with special reference to the internally displaced people camps (idps). two hundred and forty water samples from different sites and sources including bore holes, hand pumps, dug wells, water points, water reservoir and household storage containers were collected in 2009. the most probable number method was used to detect and count the total coliform, faecal coliform and ...	2011	20480392
regional spread of vana- or vanb-positive enterococcus gallinarum in hospitals and long-term care facilities in kyoto prefecture, japan.	following an outbreak of vana-positive enterococcus faecium in 2005 in kyoto prefecture, regional surveillance of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) was initiated. this revealed vana- or vanb-positive enterococcus gallinarum in multiple facilities. eighty-eight vana-positive e. gallinarum faecal carriers from 12 facilities and ten vanb-positive e. gallinarum faecal carriers from eight facilities were found. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis profiles of the first isolate from each facility sho ...	2011	20513252
isolation of bacteriocin-like substances producing bacteria from finished cattle-manure compost and activity evaluation against some food-borne pathogenic and spoilage bacteria.	a finished compost sample was examined for bacteriocin-like substance production against five pathogenic bacteria: salmonella typhimurium ef 85-9, escherichia coli o157:h7 atcc 43888, enterococcus faecalis jcm 8726, staphylococcus aureus jcm 2151, and yersinia enterocolitica jcm 7577. at the preliminary detection of bacterial strains exhibiting antimicrobial activity from the compost sample, thirteen strains could be isolated. screening of the inhibitory activity was done using agar-well diffusi ...	2010	20513963
lack of increased colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci during preferential use of vancomycin for treatment during an outbreak of healthcare-associated clostridium difficile infection.	to assess whether use of oral vancomycin for treatment during an outbreak of clostridium difficile infection (cdi) was associated with increased rates of colonization with vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre).	2010	20518636
dentinal tubule disinfection with 2% chlorhexidine gel, propolis, morinda citrifolia juice, 2% povidone iodine, and calcium hydroxide.	to investigate the antimicrobial activity of 2% chlorhexidine gel, propolis, morinda citrifolia juice (mcj), 2% povidone iodine (pov-i), and calcium hydroxide on enterococcus faecalis-infected root canal dentine at two different depths (200 microm and 400 microm) and three time intervals (day 1, 3 & 5).	2010	20518935
tn1546 structures and multilocus sequence typing of vana-containing enterococci of animal, human and food origin.	to characterize the tn1546 structure and to perform the genetic typing of 51 pfge-unrelated vana-containing enterococci of different origin (clinical, food and faecal samples of healthy humans and healthy poultry).	2010	20519356
in situ molecular diagnosis and histopathological characterization of enteroadherent enterococcus hirae infection in pre-weaning-age kittens.	the bacterial causes of diarrhea can be frustrating to identify, and it is likely that many remain undiagnosed. the pathogenic potential of certain bacteria becomes less ambiguous when they are observed to intimately associate with intestinal epithelial cells. in the present study we sought to retrospectively characterize the clinical, in situ molecular, and histopathological features of enteroadherent bacteria in seven unrelated kittens that were presumptively diagnosed with enteropathogenic es ...	2010	20519483
bacterial gut symbionts contribute to seed digestion in an omnivorous beetle.	obligate bacterial symbionts alter the diets of host animals in numerous ways, but the ecological roles of facultative bacterial residents that colonize insect guts remain unclear. carabid beetles are a common group of beneficial insects appreciated for their ability to consume insect prey and seeds, but the contributions of microbes to diet diversification in this and similar groups of facultative granivores are largely unknown.	2010	20520762
composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils from flowers of senecio othonnae, s. racemosus, and s. nemorensis.	the chemical composition of the essential oils of senecio othonnae, s. racemosus, and s. nemorensis obtained by hydrodistillation of fresh flowers were analysed by gc-fid and gc-ms. a total of seventy-six compounds were identified, constituting over 83.1%, 97.7% and 86.8% of the total oil composition of the flowers of s. othonnae, s. racemosus, and s. nemorensis. the main components of the oils were caryophyllene oxide (18.6%), (e)-beta-farnesene (21.6%), and gamma-curcumene (42.8%), respectivel ...	2010	20521557
the beaches study: health effects and exposures from non-point source microbial contaminants in subtropical recreational marine waters.	microbial water-quality indicators, in high concentrations in sewage, are used to determine whether water is safe for recreational purposes. recently, the use of these indicators to regulate recreational water bodies, particularly in sub/tropical recreational marine waters without known sources of sewage, has been questioned. the objectives of this study were to evaluate the risk to humans from exposure to subtropical recreational marine waters with no known point source, and the possible relati ...	2010	20522483
enterococcal surface protein contributes to persistence in the host but is not a target of opsonic and protective antibodies in enterococcus faecium infection.	enterococci are important nosocomial pathogens with multiple intrinsic and acquired resistances to antibiotics. in the past, the majority of infections were caused by enterococcus faecalis; however, an increase in enterococcus faecium clinical isolates has been observed in recent years. the enterococcal surface protein (esp) is expressed on the surface of most e. faecium clinical isolates and has been shown to be involved in biofilm formation. here, e. faecium e1162 and its previously created in ...	2010	20522627
chlorhexidine release and antibacterial properties of chlorhexidine-incorporated polymethyl methacrylate-based resin cement.	this study evaluated chlorhexidine release from experimental, chlorhexidine-incorporated polymethyl methacrylate (pmma)-based resin cements prepared from super-bond c&b (sun medical) and examined the antimicrobial activity against streptococcus mutans and enterococcus faecalis. chlorhexidine diacetate was added into pmma polymer to obtain chlorhexidine concentration of 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 wt %. chlorhexidine-incorporated, cured resin disks were immersed in distilled water at 37 degrees c ...	2010	20524187
effects of feeding elevated concentrations of copper and zinc on the antimicrobial susceptibilities of fecal bacteria in feedlot cattle.	cattle are fed elevated concentrations of copper and zinc for growth promotion. the potential mechanisms of growth promotional effects of these elements are attributed to their antimicrobial activities, similar to that of antibiotics, in that gut microbial flora are altered to reduce fermentation loss of nutrients and to suppress gut pathogens. copper and zinc fed at elevated concentrations may select for bacteria that are resistant not only to heavy metals but also to antibiotics. our objective ...	2010	20482227
potent antimicrobial activity of 3-(4,5-diaryl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)-1h-indole derivatives against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.	a new series of antimicrobial derivatives [3-(4,5-diaryl-1h-imidazol-2-yl)-1h-indole)] have been synthesized with potent activity against strains of staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains (mrsa). compound 17 [3-(4,5-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazol-2-yl)-5-bromo-1h-indole], the most active derivative was shown to inhibit the growth of all gram-positive strains tested, including vancomycin resistant enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium with no activity against gra ...	2010	20483613
frequent multidrug-resistant acinetobacter baumannii contamination of gloves, gowns, and hands of healthcare workers.	multidrug-resistant (mdr) gram-negative bacilli are important nosocomial pathogens.	2010	20486855
nucleotide sequence and functional analysis of the tet (m)-carrying conjugative transposon tn5251 of streptococcus pneumoniae.	the tn916-like genetic element tn5251 is part of the composite conjugative transposon (ctn) tn5253 of streptococcus pneumoniae, a 64.5-kb chromosomal element originally called omega(cat-tet) bm6001. dna sequence analysis showed that tn5251 is 18 033-bp long and contains 22 orfs, 20 of which have the same direction of transcription. annotation was possible for 11 out of 22 orfs, including the tet(m) tetracycline resistance gene and int and xis involved in the integration/excision process. autonom ...	2010	20487027
determination of the in vivo prebiotic potential of a maize-based whole grain breakfast cereal: a human feeding study.	epidemiological studies have shown an inverse relationship between risk of cvd and intake of whole grain (wg)-rich food. regular consumption of breakfast cereals can provide not only an increase in dietary wg but also improvements to cardiovascular health. various mechanisms have been proposed, including prebiotic modulation of the colonic microbiota. in the present study, the prebiotic activity of a maize-derived wg cereal (wgm) was evaluated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled human feeding ...	2010	20487589
screening for vancomycin-resistant enterococci: results of a survey in stockholm.	vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vre) are emerging in stockholm hospitals. to rapidly screen for vre from stool and rectal swab samples, a detection assay combining broth enrichment and real-time pcr was set up. from september to december 2008, 6914 samples were screened for vre using the broth-pcr combined assay. of them, 5463 samples were reported as negative the day after sampling. among the 6914 samples, 47 was screened as vana probable and 44 of them were confirmed as vre; 1314 samples was ...	2010	20477819
beneficial activity of enterococcus faecalis cect7121 in the anti-lymphoma protective response.	to study the anti-tumour effects of enterococcus faecalis cect7121 on lbc cells, an aggressive murine t-cell lymphoma that kills the host in 18 days when is intraperitoneally (i.p.) administrated.	2010	20477887
antimicrobial efficacy of 3.8% silver diamine fluoride and its effect on root dentin.	this study investigated the use of 3.8% silver diamine fluoride (ag[nh3]2f) as an antibacterial agent against enterococcus faecalis biofilms and its ability to penetrate dentinal tubules by the formation of silver salts.	2010	20478459
nanoparticulates for antibiofilm treatment and effect of aging on its antibacterial activity.	issues pertaining to the effective elimination of bacterial biofilm and disruption of biofilm structure still remains in endodontic disinfection. nanoparticulates such as chitosan (cs-np) and zinc oxide (zno-np) are known to possess significant antibacterial properties. this study aimed to test (1) the efficacy of cs-np and zno-np in disinfecting and disrupting biofilm bacteria and (2) the long-term efficacy of these nanoparticulates following aging.	2010	20478460
failure of vancomycin treatment for meningitis caused by vancomycin-susceptible enterococcus faecium.	this case report describes a nosocomial vancomycin-sensitive enterococcus faecium meningitis with poor response to vancomycin. e. faecium infections continue to represent a therapeutic challenge in europe, even in countries where vancomycin resistance is still rare. in the case of vancomycin-sensitive e. faecium meningitis, intravenous chloramphenicol should be considered as a treatment option.	2010	20491535
selection and use of phytate-degrading lab to improve cereal-based products by mineral solubilization during dough fermentation.	new producers of phytate-degrading enzymes, especially lactic acid bacteria (lab), were used to improve mineral solubilization during dough fermentation. in all, among strains from different sources by microorganisms (150 lactic acid bacteria, 36 yeasts), 38 (24%) exhibited a clear zone around the colonies by hydrolyzing hexacalcium phytate contained in solid medium. when phytase-positive strains from plate assay were tested for phytase activity in liquid medium, 6 of the strains (37%) exhibited ...	2010	20492182
removal of cadmium and lead from aqueous solution by enterococcus faecium strains.	foods may be contaminated with heavy metals, which, even in small quantities, possess detrimental effects on human health. the aim of the present study was to investigate the uptake of cadmium or lead from an aqueous medium frequently found in foods, by 2 enterococcus faecium strains (e. faecium ef031 and e. faecium m74). also, the effects of the bacterial viability, incubation (contact) time, and ph on the binding capacities and binding stability were assessed. the results showed that both of t ...	2010	20492209
functional and structural analysis of a key region of the cell wall inhibitor moenomycin.	moenomycin a (mma) belongs to a family of natural products that inhibit peptidoglycan biosynthesis by binding to the peptidoglycan glycosyltransferases, the enzymes that make the glycan chains of peptidoglycan. mma is remarkably potent, but its clinical utility has been hampered by poor physicochemical properties. moenomycin contains three structurally distinct regions: a pentasaccharide, a phosphoglycerate, and a c25 isoprenyl (moenocinyl) lipid tail that gives the molecule its name. the phosph ...	2010	20496948
towards a compatible probiotic-antibiotic combination therapy: assessment of antimicrobial resistance in the japanese probiotics.	to determine the antimicrobial resistance of the japanese probiotics available in the market without a pharmacist's supervision.	2010	20497275
virulence genes, antibiotic resistance and plasmid profiles of enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecium from naturally fermented turkish foods.	to determine the virulence genes, antibiotic resistance and plasmid profiles of 16 enterococcus faecium and 68 enterococcus faecalis strains isolated from various naturally fermented foods.	2010	20497489
antimicrobial potential of polyphenols extracted from almond skins.	to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of flavonoid-rich fractions derived from natural and blanched almond skins, the latter being a by-product from the almond processing industry.	2010	20497495
real-time pcr detection of enterococcus faecalis associated with amyloid arthropathy.	to develop a rt-pcr method for detection of the multilocus sequence type 82 of enterococcus faecalis associated with amyloid arthropathy (aa) in layers.	2010	20497496
practical vancomycin dosing in hemodialysis patients in the era of emerging vancomycin resistance: a single-center experience.		2010	20497837
clinical and microbiological spectrum of necrotizing fasciitis in surgical patients at a philippine university medical centre.	the study describes the clinical characteristics, bacteriology and risk factors for mortality of patients with necrotizing fasciitis (nf), seen in a university medical centre.	2010	20497883
berberine-inf55 (5-nitro-2-phenylindole) hybrid antimicrobials: effects of varying the relative orientation of the berberine and inf55 components.	hybrid antimicrobials containing an antibacterial linked to a multidrug resistance (mdr) pump inhibitor make up a promising new class of agents for countering efflux-mediated bacterial drug resistance. this study explores the effects of varying the relative orientation of the antibacterial and efflux pump inhibitor components in three isomeric hybrids (ss14, ss14-m, and ss14-p) which link the antibacterial alkaloid and known substrate for the nora mdr pump berberine to different positions on inf ...	2010	20498327
[infective endocarditis with initial presentation of acute abdomen].	a 35-year-old patient was seen in an emergency department. with six hours of pain in the right iliac fossa and fever. the hypothesis diagnosis was acute appendicitis and an exploring laparotomy for appendectomy was carried out. the patient returned to the hospital three days after having been discharged. debilitated. feverish. having alterations in speech. reduction in the level of consciousness and complete hemiparesis to the left. the computed tomography scan of the skull and the liquor punctu ...	2010	20498922
microbiological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility in surgical site infections following hollow viscus injury.	the purpose of this study was to assess the microbiological profile, antimicrobial susceptibility, and adequacy of the empiric antibiotic therapy in surgical site infections (ssi) following traumatic hollow viscus injury (hvi).	2010	20499202
occurrence of tcrb, a transferable copper resistance gene, in fecal enterococci of swine.	high concentration of copper, fed as copper sulfate, is often used to increase growth rates in swine. bacteria exposed to copper may acquire resistance, and in enterococcus faecium and enterococcus faecalis, a plasmid-borne transferable copper resistance (tcrb) gene that confers copper resistance has been reported. our objectives were to determine the occurrence of tcrb in fecal enterococci from weaned piglets fed diets with a normal supplemental level (16.5 ppm) or an elevated supplemental leve ...	2010	20500052
enterococcal peritonitis in children receiving chronic peritoneal dialysis.	peritonitis is a common complication of chronic peritoneal dialysis (cpd) and can be associated with technique failure. enterococcus is an uncommon peritoneal pathogen in children receiving cpd but represents a potential therapeutic challenge due to its innate resistance to cephalosporins and emerging resistance to glycopeptides.	2010	20501457
bacteriological screening of donor human milk before and after holder pasteurization.	in order to ascertain any bacterial contamination of donor human milk, we cultured milk samples both before and after holder pasteurization.	2010	20509779
enzymatic activity of lactic acid bacteria (with antimicrobial properties) isolated from a traditional spanish cheese.	twenty-four strains of lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from a traditional spanish cheese (genestoso cheese) were evaluated for their enzymatic activities (acidifying and proteolytic abilities and carboxypeptidase, aminopeptidase, dipeptidase, caseinolytic and esterase activities), in order to select indigenous strains of technical interest for the manufacture of cheese. these strains were selected on the basis of their antimicrobial activity relative to five reference strains and were identi ...	2010	20510776
nepetalactone content and antibacterial activity of the essential oils from different parts of nepeta persica.	the essential oils from the flower, leaf, stem and root of nepeta persica boiss., analyzed by gc and gc/ms, were shown to contain 4abeta,7alpha,7abeta-nepetalactone (58.5%, 62.3%, 66.2% and 27.1%, respectively), and 4aalpha,7alpha,7abeta-nepetalactone (33.0%, 28.3%, 24.9% and 7.6%, respectively). the other main component of the flower and stem oils was alpha-pinene (3.6% and 4.4%) and of the leaf oil beta-ocimene (3.6%). in the root oil, other main constituents were alpha-pinene (40.4%), alpha-a ...	2010	20433086
linezolid treatment of shunt-related cerebrospinal fluid infections in children.	the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria as a cause of ventriculoperitoneal (vp) shunt infection is a disconcerting phenomenon that often requires the use of alternative antimicrobial agents due to resistance against commonly used medications. linezolid, a member of a new class of antimicrobial agents, has good activity against virtually all important gram-positive pathogens, including multidrug-resistant gram-positive pathogens. the object of this article is to report a single-center exper ...	2010	20433254
bacteremia caused by non-faecalis and non-faecium enterococcus species at a medical center in taiwan, 2000 to 2008.	summary objectives: human infections due to non-faecalis and non-faecium enterococcus species are emerging but data on the characteristics of these infections are limited.	2010	20433865
culture-dependent and culture-independent characterization of microorganisms associated with aedes aegypti (diptera: culicidae) (l.) and dynamics of bacterial colonization in the midgut.	in this work we show that the lumen of aedes aegypti midgut is highly colonized by bacteria that were identified by culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. rdna sequences obtained were compared with those from genbank and the main bacterial genera identified were: serratia, klebsiella, asaia, bacillus, enterococcus, enterobacter,kluyvera and pantoea. all genera were identified in midgut except enterobacter that was observed only in eggs. asaia and pantoea were also identified in eggs ...	2010	20434424
antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial strains isolated from periplaneta americana and musca domestica in tangier, morocco.	flies and cockroaches are two insects in close contact with human beings. they are carriers of human pathogenic bacteria on the external areas of their bodies or in their digestive tracts. this study examines periplaneta americana and musca domestica collected from the residential areas of six districts in tangier, morocco.	2010	20440055
risk factors and outcome of staphylococcus bloodstream infection in a paediatric hospital.		2010	20444521
antimicrobial susceptibility of gram-positive cocci isolated from skin and skin-structure infections in european medical centres.	skin and skin-structure infections (sssis) usually involve gram-positive organisms. prompt initiation of appropriate antimicrobial treatment is essential for achieving a favourable outcome in severe cases. empirical antibacterial therapy should be based on several considerations, including patient risk factors, expected pathogens and local/regional susceptibility profiles, among others. in the present study, we evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of gram-positive bacteria isolate ...	2010	20444576
[detection of vancomycin-resistant enterococci using multiplex real-time pcr assay and melting curve analysis].	we developed and evaluated the utility of a multiplex real-time pcr assay that uses melting curve analysis and allows simultaneous identification of vancomycin-resistant genotypes and clinically relevant enterococci.	2010	20445331
impact of empiric antibiotic regimen on bowel colonization in neonates with suspected early onset sepsis.	the purpose of this study was to compare the impact of ampicillin and penicillin used for empiric treatment of early onset sepsis (eos) on initial gut colonization by aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms. a cluster-randomized, two-center, switch-over study was conducted in two paediatric intensive care units in estonia and included 276 neonates. rectal swabs were collected twice a week until discharge or day 60. colonizing microbes were identified on species level and tested for ampi ...	2010	20446013
a site-directed cross-linking approach to the characterization of subunit e-subunit g contacts in the vacuolar h+-atpase stator.	to operate as a rotary motor, the atp-hydrolyzing domain of the vacuolar h(+)-atpase must be connected to a fixed structure in its membrane-bound proton pump domain by a mechanical stator. although low-resolution structural data and spectroscopic analysis indicate that a filament-like subunit e/subunit g heterodimer performs this role, more detailed information about the relative arrangement of these subunits is limited. we have used a site-directed cross-linking approach to show that, in both b ...	2010	20446876
curvularia keratomycosis in a dog.	a 10-year-old, spayed female bichon frise was referred to the veterinary medical center of the university of florida with a 6-week history of blepharospasm and a nonhealing ulcer of the left eye. ophthalmic examination revealed a 3-4 mm diameter corneal ulcer with faint edema at the lesion edge, and a raised grayish area on the paraxial cornea near the 2 o'clock position. cytological testing revealed fungal hyphae and extracellular cocci. culture of the lesion found heavy growth of enterococcus ...	2010	20447033
new technique to take samples from environmental surfaces using flocked nylon swabs.	environmental surfaces near infected and/or colonised patients in hospitals are commonly contaminated with potentially pathogenic micro-organisms. at present, however, there is no standardised method for taking samples from surfaces in order to perform quantitative cultures. usually contact plates or swabs are used, but these methods may give different results. the recovery rate of traditional swabbing, e.g. cotton or rayon, is poor. with a new type of swab utilising flocked nylon, the recovery ...	2010	20451296
healthcare-associated versus community-acquired infections: a new challenge for science and society.	healthcare and community associated mrsa are meanwhile exchanged in all directions between hospitals, long-term care facilities, nursing homes, and the community. this article is focusing on the situation concerning mrsa, but the situation concerning other multidrug-resistant (mdr) pathogens such as vancomycin-resistant enterococci or mdr gram-negative pathogens is similar. some european countries have started national campaigns to improve the situation significantly. they require the successful ...	2010	20452277
health care exposure and age in infective endocarditis: results of a contemporary population-based profile of 1536 patients in australia.	institutional-based studies of infective endocarditis (ie) are limited by referral bias. longitudinal population-based data were used to overcome such bias to provide a contemporary profile of ie and specifically investigate the importance of health care-associated ie and age.	2010	20453066
[investigation of the in vitro antibacterial effects of statins].	it was previously shown that statins have anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-oxidant effects. this study was aimed to investigate the in-vitro antibacterial effects of simvastatin and atorvastatin. in this study antibacterial activity of the statins were tested against 16 methicillin-susceptible stophylococcus aureus (mssa), 16 methicillin-resistant s.aureus (mrsa), 16 methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococcus (mrcons), 9 vancomycin-susceptible enterococcus faecium, 7 van ...	2010	20455414
in vitro studies of a novel antimicrobial luer-activated needleless connector for prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infection.	we report in vitro studies of a commercially available novel antimicrobial luer-activated connector with the inner surface coated with nanoparticle-silver to prevent contaminants from forming biofilm and causing catheter-related bloodstream infection.	2010	20455695
assessment of the antimicrobial properties of maggots.	chronic bacterial colonisation or infection of wound is one of the major factors interfering proper wound healing, especially in diabetic foot ulcers. this study assesses the potential antimicrobial properties of maggots in vitro. this is a prospective randomised experimental study. complete lysis of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, vancomycin-resistant enterococcus and candida albicans cultures in the area of maggot application was observed 24 hours after app ...	2010	20455959