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the triphasics: insights for effective clinical use.three triphasic oral contraceptive preparations are currently being widely used in the united states. these are ortho-novum 7/7/7 (ortho pharmaceutical), tri-norinyl (syntex) and triphasil (wyeth). the hormone manipulation in these formulations more closely mimics the normal menstrual cycle and decreases the total amount of hormone delivered. these drugs were formulated to decrease menstrual irregularities and nuisance side effects and increase menstrual control, while maintaining efficacy and s ...20133822267
sulfonylurea stimulated c-peptide responses in insulin-dependent diabetic children. 20133788659
[early approximal decay in permanent teeth. a diagnostic and a therapeutic problem?]. 20133859042
direct recovery of proteins into a free-liquid phase after preparative isoelectric focusing in immobilized ph gradients.a new method for electrophoretic retrieval of protein zones from immobiline matrices is described, based on elution directly in a free liquid phase, rather than in ion-exchange beads or molecular sieves, as previously described. the chopped immobiline gel is loaded on top of a 5% t stacking gel, 6-10 mm in height, and forced to transverse it and collect into a chamber, filled with 20% sucrose solution, closed on its anodic side by a dialysis sac. the transfer is practically quantitative, for mos ...20133782719
[paroxysmal choreoathetosis in hypoglycemic coma]. 20133784663
hospital infections caused by contaminated fluids. 20134114536
iodine radiochemistry and radiopharmaceutical product labeling. 20133771255
chronic oral herpes simplex virus infection in immunocompromised patients.recurrent herpes simplex virus infection is usually benign and self-limiting, but in immunosuppressed patients it can be a chronic destructive process. eight patients with chronic aggressive herpes simplex virus infection of the oral mucosa are described. all cases occurred in immunocompromised patients. the distinctive clinical presentation of the oral lesions, the diagnosis, and treatment are discussed.20133859805
tru-cut needle biopsy of the breast. an analysis of its specificity and sensitivity.one hundred fifty needle core biopsies of the breast, performed with the use of the travenol tru-cut disposable needle, were done from january 1980 to november 1984. there were 112 diagnoses of breast cancer and 33 diagnoses of normal breast tissue or nonneoplastic breast disease, including 2 diagnoses of marked atypia. in five biopsy specimens, no breast tissue or tumor could be identified. fourteen cases of malignancy were not diagnosed by tru-cut biopsy specimens. there were no false-positive ...20133942963
computing. soft cells. 20133889855
computing. soft cells. 20133889855
a low voltage diathermy loop for taking cervical biopsies: a qualitative comparison with punch biopsy forceps.twenty patients attending a colposcopy clinic because of a cytological suspicion of dyskaryosis were entered into a 'paired' biopsy study. a low voltage diathermy loop biopsy and a punch biopsy were taken from the cervix of each patient. in a second 'unpaired' study loop biopsies taken from 20 patients were compared with punch biopsies taken from 20 different patients. the length and depth of the loop biopsies were greater than those of the punch biopsies. there was no difference in the amount o ...20133730349
[troublesome teeth in ambulatory care]. 20133859858
[troublesome teeth in ambulatory care]. 20133859858
development and application of a multiplex pcr assay for rapid detection of 4 major bacterial pathogens in ducks.infections with pasteurella multocida, salmonella enterica, riemerella anatipestifer, and escherichia coli result in high morbidity and mortality, which cause significant economic loss in the poultry industry. it can be difficult to distinguish these pathogens based on clinical signs because these pathogens can cause similar clinical signs and coinfections can occur. thus, rapid and sensitive detection of these 4 major bacterial pathogens are important in ducks. the aim of this study was to deve ...201323571324
demonstration of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale in pheasants (phasianus colchicus) with pneumonia and airsacculitis.outbreaks of respiratory disease were investigated in reared pheasants (phasianus colchicus) aged approximately 18 to 32 weeks, released into the semi-wild on four shooting estates in southern england. the clinical signs in the affected birds included swelling of the face and eyes, loss of condition, gasping respirations and coughing. the gross pathology findings included sinusitis, airsacculitis, pleural oedema and lung lesions. the histopathological findings in the affected lungs were characte ...201323581445
metabolic engineering of bacillus subtilis for the efficient biosynthesis of uniform hyaluronic acid with controlled molecular weights.bacillus subtilis was engineered into an efficient hyaluronic acid (ha) producer by introducing two inducible artificial operons carrying ha synthase gene from pasteurella multocida and precursor genes encoding enzymes involved in synthesis of the sugar precursors. a two-stage induction strategy was established for metabolic engineering of recombinant b. subtilis to efficiently produce uniform ha with controlled molecular weights. strain tpg223 produced larger ha molecules (yield=6.8 g/l; molecu ...201323433979
identification of the lic1abcd operon that controls the phase-variable expression of phosphorylcholine on lipopolysaccharide from avibacterium paragallinarum.phosphorylcholine (chop) is an important virulence factor found on the surface of many mucosal pathogens and its expression enhances bacterial colonization on mucous membranes and reduces susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides. whole-genome sequencing analyses showed that avibacterium paragallinarum contained an operon with strong sequence similarity to the lic1abcd operon from haemophilus influenzae and the pcgdabc operon from pasteurella multocida; both operons are involved in metabolism and ...201323391184
susceptibility of canine and feline bacterial pathogens to pradofloxacin and comparison with other fluoroquinolones approved for companion animals.in this study, 908 bacterial pathogens from defined infections of dogs and cats were tested for their susceptibility to the novel fluoroquinolone pradofloxacin, which was approved in 2011 for use in cats and dogs. most of the bacteria tested (staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus pseudintermedius, escherichia coli, β-haemolytic streptococci, pasteurella multocida and bordetella bronchiseptica) exhibited low pradofloxacin mic(90) values of ≤ 0.25 μg/ml. solely proteus spp. and pseudomonas aerugin ...201322939523
effect of calf age and administration route of initial multivalent modified-live virus vaccine on humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following subsequent administration of a booster vaccination at weaning in beef calves.to compare immune responses following modified-live virus (mlv) vaccination at weaning after intranasal or sc administration of an mlv vaccine to beef calves at 2 or 70 days of age.201323363363
causes of morbidity and mortality in free-living birds in an urban environment in germany.free-living birds are often presented to veterinarians at rehabilitation centers as well as in private practice. information about disease processes and causes of death of indigenous free-living birds can aid the clinician in establishing proper treatment and in the assessment of potential zoonotic risks. for the present study, pathogens as causes of morbidity and mortality were determined by performing a complete necropsy on free-living birds presented to the clinic for birds and reptiles of th ...201324136384
bacteria isolated from dugongs (dugong dugon) submitted for postmortem examination in queensland, australia, 2000-2011.microbial infection may contribute to disease in a significant proportion of marine mammal mortalities, but little is known about infectious bacterial species and their prevalence in dugongs (dugong dugon). this study represents a survey of the species of bacteria and fungi isolated from dugongs submitted to the university of queensland's school of veterinary science for postmortem examination. thirty-six dugongs were included in the survey, with 23 species of bacteria and four species of fungus ...201323505701
determinants of ph-dependent modulation of translocation in dermonecrotic g-protein-deamidating toxins.cytotoxic necrotizing factors from e. coli (cnf1, cnf2) and yersinia (cnfy)share n-terminal sequence similarity with pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt). this common n-terminal region harbors the receptor-binding and translocation domains that mediate uptake and delivery of the c-terminal catalytic cargo domains into the host cytosol. subtle variations in the n-terminal ~500 amino acids of cnfs and pmt could allow for selective recognition of cellular receptors and thus, selective target cell spec ...201323888517
the ompa family of proteins: roles in bacterial pathogenesis and immunity.the ompa family of outer membrane proteins is a group of genetically related, heat-modifiable, surface-exposed, porin proteins that are in high-copy number in the outer membrane of mainly gram-negative bacteria. ompa proteins are characterized by an n-terminal domain that forms an eight-stranded, anti-parallel β barrel, which is embedded in the outer membrane. the c-terminal domain is globular and located in the periplasmic space. escherichia coli ompa is the best characterized of the proteins. ...201322986056
pneumonia in slaughtered sheep in south-western iran: pathological characteristics and aerobic bacterial aetiology.in this study, the lungs of 1,000 sheep carcasses were subjected to gross examination and those suspected to be infected with pneumonia were studied at histopathological level as well as examined for presence of bacteria. pneumonia was detected in 42 (4.2%) carcasses. based on histopathological lesions, 45.24% were affected with suppurative bronchopneumonia, 20.93% with interstitial pneumonia, 11.9% bronchointerstitial pneumonia, 7.14% with fibrinous bronchopneumonia and 2.38% with embolic pneum ...201323564592
bactericidal activity of tracheal antimicrobial peptide against respiratory pathogens of cattle.tracheal antimicrobial peptide (tap) is a β-defensin produced by mucosal epithelial cells of cattle. although effective against several human pathogens, the activity of this bovine peptide against the bacterial pathogens that cause bovine respiratory disease have not been reported. this study compared the antibacterial effects of synthetic tap against mannheimia haemolytica, histophilus somni, pasteurella multocida, and mycoplasma bovis. bactericidal activity against m. bovis was not detected. i ...201323333196
structural basis for substrate specificity and mechanism of n-acetyl-d-neuraminic acid lyase from pasteurella multocida.n-acetylneuraminate lyases (nals) or sialic acid aldolases catalyze the reversible aldol cleavage of n-acetylneuraminic acid (neu5ac, the most common form of sialic acid) to form pyruvate and n-acetyl-d-mannosamine. although equilibrium favors sialic acid cleavage, these enzymes can be used for high-yield chemoenzymatic synthesis of structurally diverse sialic acids in the presence of excess pyruvate. engineering these enzymes to synthesize structurally modified natural sialic acids and their no ...201324152047
structural analysis and cross-protective efficacy of recombinant 87 kda outer membrane protein (omp87) of pasteurella multocida serogroup b:2.pasteurella multocida serogroup b:2, a causative agent of haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs) in cattle and buffalo especially in tropical regions of asian and african countries, is known to possess several outer membrane proteins (omps) as immunogenic antigens. in the present study, omp87 gene encoding for 87 kda omp (omp87) protein of p. multocida serogroup b:2 strain p52, has been amplified (∼2304 bp), cloned in to pet32a vector and over-expressed in recombinant escherichia coli as fusion protein. ...201324120691
a 5-year retrospective report of gallibacterium anatis and pasteurella multocida isolates from chickens in mississippi.a 5-yr retrospective study (november 2006-december 2011) was conducted to determine the isolation frequency of pasteurella multocida and gallibacterium anatis and their antibiograms from chickens submitted to the mississippi poultry research and diagnostic laboratory. the number of isolations of g. anatis increased over the last 5 yr in broiler and broiler breeder type chickens. for p. multocida, the number of isolations increased from 2006 to 2010, but decreased through 2011 with all isolations ...201324235226
c-reactive protein, haptoglobin, serum amyloid a and pig major acute phase protein response in pigs simultaneously infected with h1n1 swine influenza virus and pasteurella multocida.swine influenza (si) is an acute respiratory disease caused by swine influenza virus (siv). swine influenza is generally characterized by acute onset of fever and respiratory symptoms. the most frequent complications of influenza are secondary bacterial pneumonia. the objective of this work was to study the acute phase proteins (app) responses after coinfection of piglets with h1n1 swine influenza virus (swh1n1) and pasteurella multocida (pm) in order to identify whether the individual app respo ...201323332090
effect of subtherapeutic vs. therapeutic administration of macrolides on antimicrobial resistance in mannheimia haemolytica and enterococci isolated from beef cattle.macrolides are the first-line treatment against bovine respiratory disease (brd), and are also used to treat infections in humans. the macrolide, tylosin phosphate, is often included in the diet of cattle as a preventative for liver abscesses in many regions of the world outside of europe. this study investigated the effects of administering macrolides to beef cattle either systemically through a single subcutaneous injection (therapeutic) or continuously in-feed (subtherapeutic), on the prevale ...201323750157
haemophilus parainfluenzae has a limited core lipopolysaccharide repertoire with no phase variation.cell surface lipopolysaccharide (lps) is a well characterized virulence determinant for the human pathogen haemophilus influenzae, so an investigation of lps in the less pathogenic haemophilus parainfluenzae could yield important insights. using a panel of 18 commensal h. parainfluenzae isolates we demonstrate that the set of genes for inner core lps biosynthesis largely resembles that of h. influenzae, with an additional heptosyltransferase i gene similar to waac from pasteurella multocida. inn ...201323093380
preparation and application of a 'clickable' acceptor for enzymatic synthesis of heparin oligosaccharides.a 'clickable' disaccharide was prepared by treating the aldehyde precursor with hydroxylamine, followed by the catalytic hydrogenation and diazotransfer reaction. this disaccharide was successfully applied to the elongation of the backbone construction of ultralow molecular weight (ulmw) heparins using two bacterial glycosyl transferases, n-acetyl glucosaminyl transferase from escherichia coli k5 (kfia) and heparosan synthase-2 (pmhs2) from pasteurella multocida.201323524108
cholesterol granuloma associated with otitis media in a cat.an 8-year-old, male neutered siamese cat was presented with horner syndrome and right head tilt. a soft tissue mass was observed in the right tympanic cavity, and bulla osteotomy was performed. tissue samples retrieved from the tympanic cavity were sent for histology, and a middle ear fluid swab was sent for bacterial culture and sensitivity. histologic diagnosis was of otitis media associated with cholesterol granuloma (cg). bacterial culture yielded pasteurella multocida and leifsonia (coryneb ...201323674460
antimicrobial multidrug resistance and coresistance patterns of mannheimia haemolytica isolated from bovine respiratory disease cases--a three-year (2009-2011) retrospective analysis.bovine respiratory disease continues to be the most important ailment of feed yard cattle. while the disease is multifactorial in nature, therapy continues to target the primary bacterial pathogens, mannheimia haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and histophilus somni. a survey of records from a single diagnostic laboratory was conducted to evaluate the percentage of m. haemolytica isolates that were resistant to multiple antimicrobials and if coresistance patterns could be detected. all suscepti ...201323572456
a study on ovine pneumonic pasteurellosis: isolation and identification of pasteurellae and their antibiogram susceptibility pattern in haramaya district, eastern hararghe, ethiopia.sheep constitute the second major component of livestock in ethiopia. however, efficient utilization of this potential resource is hampered by combination of health problems, poor management and feed shortage. haramaya district is one of the remote settings in ethiopia where information about the livestock disease is not well documented. hence this study was conducted to determine the causative agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of bacterial pasteurella isolates among pneumoni ...201324289236
pharmacodynamics of florfenicol for calf pneumonia pathogens.the antimicrobial properties of florfenicol were investigated for the bovine respiratory tract pathogens, mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida. three in vitro indices of efficacy and potency were determined; minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) and in vitro time-kill curves for six pathogenic strains of each organism. each was monitored in two matrices, mueller hinton broth (mhb) and calf serum. mbc:mic ratios were low, 1.8 : 1 for m haemol ...201323482237
pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of marbofloxacin in calves for mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida.the pharmacokinetics (pk) and pharmacodynamics (pd) of marbofloxacin were established in calves for six strains of each of the pneumonia pathogens mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida. the distribution of marbofloxacin into inflamed (exudate) and non-inflamed (transudate) tissue cage fluids allowed comparison with the serum concentration-time profile. to establish the pd profile, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) was determined in mueller-hinton broth (mhb) and calf serum. moder ...201323084327
test of cross reaction between the two local sudanese strains of p. mulocida (b and e).the present study was carried out on the two local sudanese pasteurella multocida strain b and e which cause hemorrhagic septicemia (hs) disease in the sudan and used for the production of the vaccine against this disease. this study was done to test the cross reaction between the two strains. the study showed that there was a cross reaction between the two strains in the rabbit sera when tested by elisa. the active cross protection test in rabbits showed that vaccine of strain e protected 50% o ...201324511753
pasteurella multocida bacterial meningitis caused by contact with pigs.pasteurella multocida belongs to the normal flora of the respiratory and digestive tract of many animals. animal exposure is a considerable risk factor for pasteurella infection. p. multocida is the most common cause of local infection after an animal bite but is an unusual cause of meningitis. we present a case of bacterial meningitis by p. multocida in a 37-year-old man who worked in a pig farm and was bitten by a pig. the patient had a defect located in the lamina cribosa and this lesion coul ...201324294240
genital form of pasteurellosis in breeding turkeys infected during artificial insemination and isolation of an unusual strain of pasteurella multocida.a genital and potentially fatal form of pasteurella multocida infection was reported on two turkey-breeding farms on which birds were vaccinated against pasteurella multocida. both outbreaks were linked to the use of semen from young vaccinated toms with a history of respiratory pasteurellosis followed by treatment during rearing. typing by agar gel immunodiffusion and rapid slide agglutination of p. multocida isolated from cloacal swabs was completed by multilocus sequence typing. restriction e ...201324283141
studies on the presence and persistence of pasteurella multocida serovars and genotypes in fowl cholera outbreaks.pasteurella multocida was isolated from poultry on six farms (one free-range duck farm, one free-range turkey farm, one conventional enclosed turkey farm, and three free-range layer farms) suffering fowl cholera outbreaks. in addition, historical isolates from previous outbreaks were available for the conventional turkey farm and the three free-range layer farms. the isolates were serotyped using the heddleston scheme and genotyped using multi-locus sequencing typing. in the current outbreaks, t ...201324224551
comparative study of pcr methods to detect pasteurella multocida.the aim of the investigation was to compare four published pcr methods for specific detection of pasteurella multocida. 85 strains of p. multocida and 13 strains of other taxa were included in the comparison of four published pcr methods based on kmt1, 23s rrna and transcriptional regulator genes pm0762 and pm1231 as targets, respectively. sensitivities were calculated to 100 and 80% for the kmt1 and 23s rrna based pcrs, respectively and specificities to 92 and 23%, respectively of the kmt1 and ...201324199384
profiling of virulence associated genes of pasteurella multocida isolated from cattle.pasteurella multocida is a causative agent of many major diseases of which haemorrhagic septiciemia (hs) in cattle & a buffalo is responsible for significant losses to livestock sector in india and south asia. the disease outcome is affected by various host- and pathogen-specific determinants. several bacterial species-specific putative virulence factors including the capsular and virulence associated genes have been proposed to play a key role in this interaction. a total of 23 isolates of p. m ...201323007877
a case of a late and atypical knee prosthetic infection by no-biofilm producer pasteurella multocida strain identified by pyrosequencing.prosthetic joint infections due to pasteurella multocida are rarely but increasingly reported but no data on production of biofilm are available. we report the case of a woman with a late, haematogenous peri-prosthetic infection of cemented total knee arthroplasty caused by a strain of p. multocida identified by pyrosequencing and unable to produce biofilm. comparison of clinical and laboratory findings with those reported in other patients evidenced differences mainly in the period of symptoms' ...201324730139
mouse model of haemorrhagic septicaemia: dissemination and multiplication of pasteurella multocida b:2 in vital organs after intranasal and subcutaneous challenge in mice.haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs) is an endemic disease of bovines, occurring in most tropical regions of asia and africa. in the present study, the suitability of using mice to study pathogenesis of hs was assessed using mortality, mean death time and bacterial multiplication in vital organs after infection with live p multocida. mice were infected with 10(5), 10(3) and 10(1)cfu of p. multocida b:2 via intranasal and subcutaneous routes along with control groups. bacterial multiplication in lung, l ...201323239257
mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mtorc1) plays a role in pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt)-induced protein synthesis and proliferation in swiss 3t3 cells.pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is a potent mitogen known to activate several signaling pathways via deamidation of a conserved glutamine residue in the α subunit of heterotrimeric g-proteins. however, the detailed mechanism behind mitogenic properties of pmt is unknown. herein, we show that pmt induces protein synthesis, cell migration, and proliferation in serum-starved swiss 3t3 cells. concomitantly pmt induces phosphorylation of ribosomal s6 kinase (s6k1) and its substrate, ribosomal s6 pr ...201323223576
dietary arginine supplementation enhances immune responses to inactivated pasteurella multocida vaccination in mice.the present study was conducted to determine the adjuvant effect of arginine in mice immunised with inactivated vaccine. mice immunised with an inactivated pasteurella multocida vaccine and fed diets supplemented with 0·2 % (vaccine-0·2 %) or 0·5 % (vaccine-0·5 %) arginine exhibited 100 % protection from a challenge with p. multocida serotype a (cq2) at a dose of 4·4 × 105 colony-forming units (2ld50; median lethal dose), when compared with mice receiving no arginine supplementation. meanwhile, ...201322809580
substrate specificity of pasteurella multocida toxin for α subunits of heterotrimeric g proteins.pasteurella multocida is the causative agent of a number of epizootic and zoonotic diseases. its major virulence factor associated with atrophic rhinitis in animals and dermonecrosis in bite wounds is p. multocida toxin (pmt). pmt stimulates signal transduction pathways downstream of heterotrimeric g proteins, leading to effects such as mitogenicity, blockade of apoptosis, or inhibition of osteoblast differentiation. on the basis of gα(i2), it was demonstrated that the toxin deamidates an essent ...201323150526
cat scratch-induced pasteurella multocida necrotizing cellulitis in a dog.in humans, rapidly developing pasteurella multocida cellulitis after a cat scratch or bite is a well-known entity that sometimes progresses to necrotizing fasciitis and can be fatal.201323738879
virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility in pasteurella multocida isolates from calves.a total of 378 isolates of pasteurella multocida from clinically healthy and diseased calves were characterised for their susceptibility to 9 antimicrobial agents and screened by pcr for the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes and 22 genes virulence-associated, including capsule biosynthesis genes. of the 378 isolates, 102 (27.0%) were resistant to at least one of the 9 tested antimicrobial agents. resistance to oxytetracycline (21.7%) was the most frequently observed phenotype among the ...201324139632
draft genome sequence of pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida strain pmtb, isolated from a buffalo.pasteurella multocida serotypes b:2 and e:2 are the main causative agents of ruminant hemorrhagic septicemia in asia and africa, respectively. pasteurella multocida strain pmtb was isolated from a buffalo with hemorrhagic septicemia and has been determined to be serotype b:2. here we report the draft genome sequence of strain pmtb.201324136854
severe pasteurella multocida infection in a patient on rituximab therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. 201323477740
seven strains of mice as potential models of bovine pasteurellosis following intranasal challenge with a bovine pneumonic strain of pasteurella multocida a:3; comparisons of disease and pathological outcomes.the gram-negative bacterium pasteurella multocida causes pneumonic and systemic pasteurellosis in bovids for which vaccines are either unavailable or inadequate. the work assessed whether an intranasal p. multocida challenge in mice might provide a model of infection for future vaccine development work. clinical, pathological and biochemical responses were compared in seven strains of mice challenged with a virulent bovine pneumonic isolate of p. multocida a:3. six mouse strains (porton, cd-1, b ...201323415879
pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) upregulates ctgf which leads to mtorc1 activation in swiss 3t3 cells.pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is a mitogenic protein that hijacks cellular signal transduction pathways via deamidation of heterotrimeric g proteins. we previously showed that rpmt activates mtor signaling via a gαq/11/plcβ/pkc mediated pathway, leading in part to cell proliferation and migration. herein, we show that mtor and mapk, but not membrane-associated tyrosine kinases, are activated in serum-starved 3t3 cells by an autocrine/paracrine substance(s) secreted into the conditioned mediu ...201323415771
draft genome sequences of two virulent serotypes of avian pasteurella multocida.here we report the draft genome sequences of two virulent avian strains of pasteurella multocida. comparative analyses of these genomes were done with the published genome sequence of avirulent p. multocida strain pm70.201323405337
characterization of pasteurella multocida strains isolated from geese.phenotypic and genotypic diversity of forty-two pasteurella multocida isolates from geese were characterized by analysis of their capsular type, heddleston serotype, biotype, fimbrial gene allele type, comparative outer membrane protein (omp) electrophoresis patterns, and were analyzed using pcr for the presence of virulence-associated genes (toxa, tbpa, pfha, hgba, hgbb, nanh, nanb, fima, hsf-1, and pmhas). a sequence comparison of the thdf and rpob housekeeping genes of twenty representative p ...201323391436
pharmacodynamics of marbofloxacin for calf pneumonia pathogens.the pharmacodynamic (pd) properties of the fluoroquinolone, marbofloxacin, were determined for the bovine respiratory tract pathogens mannheima haemolytica and pasteurella multocida. for six pathogenic isolates of each organism, three in vitro indices of efficacy and potency were determined, namely, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) and time-kill curves. each parameter was determined in two matrices, mueller hinton broth (mhb) and calf serum. for se ...201323375665
immune responses and protective efficacy of a novel dna vaccine encoding outer membrane protein of avian pasteurella multocida.avian pasteurella multocida is a causative agent of fowl cholera. two proteins omph and ompa are the major immunogenic antigens of avian p. multocida, which play an important role in inducing immune responses that confer resistance against infections. in the present study, we used pcdna3.1(+) as a vector and constructed dna vaccines with the genes encoding the two antigens mentioned above. these dna vaccines include monovalent (pcdna-omph, pomph and pcdna-ompa, pompa), divalent combination (pcdn ...201323340446
[unusual pneumonia by pasteurella multocida].pasteurellosis is an infection caused by inoculation usually through bites or scratches. pasteurella multocida is involved in 50 to 60% of cases. cats are the main vectors of the pathogen. immunodepression increases the risk of systemic disease. we report a case of pasteurella multocida pneumonia in an 81-year-old patient who had no cutaneous portal of entry. the patient had a past medical history of rectal neoplasia and prostate neoplasia treated with brachytherapy and hormonal therapy respecti ...201323333046
multilocus sequence analysis of pasteurella multocida demonstrates a type species under development.the aim of the present study was to use multilocus sequence typing (mlst) of a diverse collection of pasteurella multocida with regard to animal source, place and date of collection, including all available serovars of carter, heddleston, little & lyon, namioka, cornelius and roberts, to further investigate the evolution of this species with a focus on two lineages, a (p. multocida subsp. multocida and p. multocida subsp. gallicida) and b (p. multocida subsp. septica), previously reported. isola ...201323329677
pasteurella multocida infective endocarditis in an immunocompetent patient complicated by rhabdomyolysis and permanent hearing loss.pasteurella multocida is an inhabitant of the oral cavity of a variety of livestock and domestic pet species, especially cats and dogs. the case reported illustrates a 60-year-old, immunocompetent female patient who presented with p. multocida sepsis and aortic valve endocarditis. this required surgical bioprosthetic aortic valve replacement. investigation also found infection-induced rhabdomyolysis and permanent hearing loss, both previously unassociated with p. multocida infection.201324023475
septicaemic pasteurellosis in free-range pigs associated with an unusual biovar 13 of pasteurella multocida.biochemical profiles, pfge typing and mlst analysis were used to investigate an outbreak of septicaemic pasteurellosis in a free-range pig farm in spain. signs of coughing, dyspnoea and a visible inflammation of the ventral area of the neck (jowl), which acquired a cyanotic and necrotic appearance, were the characteristic findings in affected animals, associated with a high morbidity (70%) and case mortality (95%). diffuse, haemorrhagic and fibrinous pleuroneumonia and acute, focally extensive a ...201324011940
use of a dual reporter plasmid to demonstrate bactofection with an attenuated aroa(-) derivative of pasteurella multocida b:2.a reporter plasmid psrg has been developed which expresses red fluorescent protein (rfp) from a constitutive prokaryotic promoter within pasteurella multocida b:2 and green fluorescent protein (gfp) from a constitutive eukaryotic promoter within mammalian cells. this construct has been used to determine the location and viability of the bacteria when moving from the extracellular environment into the intracellular compartment of mammalian cells. invasion assays with embryonic bovine lung (ebl) c ...201323951183
a 39-kda capsular protein is a major cross-protection factor as demonstrated by protection of chickens with a live attenuated pasteurella multocida strain of p-1059.the aim of this study was to show that a 39-kda protein or omph of pasteurella multocida strain p-1059 is essential for cross protection. strain pba322, a thinly capsulated strain of p. multocida strain p-1059, was used as a live vaccine in chickens. strain pba322 is a thinly capsulated strain in comparison with the parental strain p-1059. chickens were vaccinated by single injection and then challenge-exposed with strains p-1059 or x-73 at two weeks post vaccination. moreover, immune responses ...201323449462
characterisation of avian pasteurella multocida strains with pcr-rflp analysis of the omph gene.the 16 somatic serotype type strains and 60 field isolates of pasteurella multocida, representing various avian species and geographic regions in hungary, were characterised by pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) analysis of the omph gene with drai restriction endonuclease. the type strains yielded eight different (i-viii) profiles. strains whose pcr fragment was uncut by drai (profile iv) could be differentiated with hindiii and pvuii restriction endonucleases. five of the e ...201323439285
mutant prevention concentration and pk-pd relationships of enrofloxacin for pasteurella multocida in buffalo calves.this study validated the use of mutant prevention concentration (mpc) and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (pk-pd) modeling approach for optimization of dose regimen of enrofloxacin to contain the emergence of pasteurella multocida resistance. the pk and pd characteristics of enrofloxacin were investigated in buffalo calves after intramuscular administration at a dose rate of 12 mg/kg. the concentration of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in serum were determined by high-performance liquid chro ...201323941961
evidence of circulation of an epidemic strain of pasteurella multocida in jiangsu, china by multi-locus sequence typing (mlst).pasteurella multocida, the causative agent of fowl cholera, is a serious threat to poultry farming. in this study, we isolated and identified 40 p. multocida strains in fowl cholera outbreaks in jiangsu province, china. the identified p. multocida was further characterized using multi-locus sequence typing (mlst). all of the 40 p. multocida strains studied are genetically identical and belong to the st129 sequence type based on seven mlst loci. our study provides evidence of a circulating epidem ...201323917026
molecular typing of haemorrhagic septicaemia-associated pasteurella multocida isolates from pakistan and thailand using multilocus sequence typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis.a comparative genetic study of 23 field isolates and vaccine strains of pasteurella multocida associated with haemorrhagic septicaemia cases from pakistan and thailand was done using pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and multilocus sequence typing (mlst). the mlst sequence type (st) for all 20 of the 23 isolates tested was 122. the pfge results showed one band difference between the pakistani and the thai isolates. sequence type 122 is the dominant associated profile with haemorrhagic sept ...201323916592
identification of clinical pasteurella isolates by maldi-tof -- a comparison with vitek 2 and conventional microbiological methods.the aim of this study was to compare the performance of four methods that are widely used in the clinical microbiology laboratory for identification of pasteurella species. the 4 methods evaluated were vitek2, vitek ms (biomerieux), and bruker biotyper ms (bruker) as well as traditional biochemical tests. sequencing of the soda gene was used as the reference method. sixty-five isolates of pasteurella spp. from 65 patients were analyzed. one pasteurella multocida isolate from american type cultur ...201323886788
[acute total knee replacement infection after a cat bite and scratch: a clinical case and review of the literature].in the last 15 years only few cases of pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) total knee arthroplasty infection have been published, mostly related to cat or dog bites or scratches. we report a case of p. multocida total knee arthroplasty infection in a 64-year- old patient, 10 days after being scratched and bitten by his cat. the patient was successfully treated with debridement and tibial interspacer exchange and antibiotic treatment for 6 weeks. antimicrobial prophylaxis should be considered in ...201323885657
dietary l-glutamine supplementation increases pasteurella multocida burden and the expression of its major virulence factors in mice.this study was conducted to determine the effects of graded doses of l-glutamine supplementation on the replication and distribution of pasteurella multocida, and the expression of its major virulence factors in mouse model. mice were randomly assigned to the basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 % glutamine. pasteurella multocida burden was detected in the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney after 12 h of p. multocida infection. the expression of major virulence factors, toll-like r ...201323884693
immunopotentiation of outer membrane protein through anti-idiotype pasteurella multocida vaccine in rabbits.pasteurella multocida was isolated from cattle affected with haemorrhagic septicaemia and characterized on the basis of morphological, cultural and biochemical tests. bacterial outer membrane proteins (omps) were extracted with 1% sarkosyl method. p. multocida anti-idiotype vaccine prepared from omps (21.3 mg per 100 ml), was evaluated and compared with bacterin supplemented with 10% omps and plain alum-adsorbed bacterin in rabbit models. it was observed that omps-anti-idiotype vaccine induced h ...201323830882
biofilm formation of pasteurella multocida on bentonite clay.biofilms are structural communities of bacterial cells enshrined in a self produced polymeric matrix. the studies on biofilm formation of pasteurella multocida have become imperative since it is a respiratory pathogen and its biofilm mode could possibly be one of its virulence factors for survival inside a host. the present study describes a biofilm assay for p. multocida on inert hydrophilic material called bentonite clay.201323825728
pasteurella multocida infection in cats: abcd guidelines on prevention and management.pasteurella species are part of the normal oral flora of cats. they are also a common cause of infection in this species and an important zoonotic agent. infection in cats: pasteurella species are commonly isolated from subcutaneous abscesses and pyothorax in cats. they may also cause secondary lower respiratory tract infection and have been associated with spinal empyema and meningoencephalomyelitis. infection in humans: disease in humans mainly occurs after a cat bite or scratch, but may also ...201323813817
carboxyl terminus heterogeneity of type iv fimbrial subunit protein of pasteurella multocida isolates.pasteurella multocida, a gram-negative bacterial pathogen, known to affect a wide range of domestic as well as wild animal and avian species throughout the world by causing either systemic or localized infections termed as 'pasteurellosis'. p. multocida isolates are known to possess type iv fimbriae (pili) as one of the major virulence factors based on their role in adhesion to host surfaces and subsequent pathogenesis. in the present study, ptfa gene of indian p. multocida isolates (n = 8) orig ...201323813222
methods for the pasteurella glycosaminoglycan synthases: enzymes that polymerize hyaluronan, chondroitin, or heparosan chains.multiple glycosyltransferases (gtases) that produce glycosaminoglycans (gags) have been identified; -several distinct putative architectures and catalytic abilities have been noted from microbes and vertebrates. here the preparation and use of a class of enzymes (class ii) from the gram-negative bacterium, pasteurella multocida, with utility in chemoenzymatic synthesis of gags is described. the analyses of sugar products include thin layer chromatography (tlc), matrix-assisted laser desorption i ...201323765665
immunohistochemical study of porcine lung lesions associated with pasteurella multocida.infectious bronchopneumonia is a widespread disease in modern commercial pig production and pasteurella multocida is frequently associated with the lesions. to evaluate porcine lung lesions associated with p. multocida, populations of inflammatory cells were examined by immunohistochemistry in necrotic lung lesions from nine pigs and exudative lung lesions from eleven pigs. lungs from five pigs served as controls. all cases were selected from naturally infected pigs using co-infection based crit ...201323683857
pasteurella multocida cellulitis in a 15-year-old male with chronic lymphedema. 201323680213
pasteurella multocida toxin as a transporter of non-cell-permeating proteins.the protein toxin pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt) is the causative agent of atrophic rhinitis in pigs, leading to atrophy of the nasal turbinate bones by affecting osteoblasts and osteoclasts. the mechanism of pmt-induced intoxication is a deamidation of α-subunits of heterotrimeric g proteins, including gαq, gα13, and gαi, thereby causing persistent activation of the g proteins. here we utilized pmt as a transporter of the non-cell-permeating a domain of diphtheria toxin (dta). fusion protein ...201323630953
[construction and characterization of omph gene knockout mutant of avian pasteurella multocida c48-3].to study the role of the outer membrane protein h (omph) in pathogenicity of avian pasteurella multocida.201323614242
dietary l-proline supplementation confers immunostimulatory effects on inactivated pasteurella multocida vaccine immunized mice.this study was conducted to determine the immunostimulatory effect of l-proline on inactivated vaccine immunized mice. ninety-five female km mice were randomly divided into five groups: (1) mice received dietary supplementation with 0.4% l-proline and immunized with inactivated vaccine (v-p group); (2) mice received dietary supplementation with 0.3% l-alanine (isonitrogenous control) and immunized with inactivated vaccine (v-a group, negative control); (3) mice were immunized with inactivated va ...201323584431
ultrastructural comparison of the nasal epithelia of healthy and naturally affected rabbits with pasteurella multocida a.an ultrastructural comparison between the nasal cavities of healthy rabbits and those suffering from two forms of spontaneous infection with pasteurella multocida was undertaken. twelve commercially produced rabbits of different ages and respiratory health status were divided into four groups: healthy from 0 to 21 days (g1, n = 2); healthy from 23 to 49 days (g2, n = 2); healthy from 51 to 69 days (g3, n = 2); diseased rabbits with septicemia and the rhinitic form of p. multocida infection (g4, ...201323577280
paediatric epidemiology of pasteurella multocida meningitis in france and review of the literature.we report on six cases of pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) meningitis occurring between 2001 and 2011 by a french nationwide active surveillance network of paediatric bacterial meningitis (activ/gpip). the cases accounted for 0.15 % of the paediatric meningitis cases reported between 2001 and 2011 in france, all in infants <4 months old. a review of the literature allowed us to gather information on 42 other cases of p. multocida meningitis in infants <1 year old reported since 1963. among a ...201323558364
draft genome sequences of strains of pasteurella multocida isolated from the united kingdom and the united states.pasteurella multocida is a major pathogen of farm animals and has worldwide distribution. here we report the draft genome sequences of four strains that were isolated from animals in the united kingdom and the united states and represent pathogenic and commensal presentation of the bacterium.201324115540
infected total knee arthroplasty due to postoperative wound contamination with pasteurella multocida.pasteurella multocida is a small gram-negative bacterium comprising part of the normal gastrointestinal and nasopharyngeal flora of domestic pets, such as dogs and cats. it rarely causes infection in humans. previous reports of p multocida causing prosthetic joint infection have described either haematogenous spread of infection from a distant site through a scratch or bite, or reactivation of infection from a previous injury. we report a case of acute total knee arthroplasty joint infection bec ...201324108765
draft genome sequence of pasteurella multocida a:3 strain 671/90.pasteurella multocida serogroup a is commonly isolated from nasal swabs of clinically healthy calves and also from diseased lung tissue in bovine pneumonia. here, we report the draft genome sequence of the virulent strain p. multocida 671/90, which has been characterized previously in experimental infections of calves and mice.201324092794
fatal outbreak of systemic pasteurellosis in a wild boar (sus scrofa) population from southwest spain.pasteurella multocida is a common pathogen of swine that causes specific diseases with great economic impact. however, the importance of this pathogen in wild boar is still unknown. in the current work, an outbreak of systemic pasteurellosis in wild boar with a high mortality rate is described. a total of 23 wild boar of all ages were found dead over a 5-day period on a game estate in southwest spain (11.11% mortality). three animals were necropsied and showed subcutaneous edema, a generalized c ...201324081934
protective effect of egyptian propolis against rabbit pasteurellosis.the present study was conducted to study the protective effect of ethanolic extract of propolis given subcutaneously (s/c) either alone or in combination with inactivated formalized pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) vaccine in rabbits challenged with virulent p. multocida strain. twenty-eight new-zealand rabbits, 6-8 weeks old and not vaccinated against pasteurellosis, were randomly divided into four equal groups. group (1) was kept as nonvaccinated control. group (2) was injected s/c with pr ...201324069588
identification and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of pasteurella multocida isolated from chickens and japanese quails in brazil.a study was performed to verify the presence of pasteurella multocida in eight different poultry groups of 90 birds each. groups i to iv were chickens (i being > 6 weeks of age with a history of respiratory illness, ii > 6 weeks of age and free of respiratory illness, iii < 6 weeks of age with respiratory illness and iv being < 6 weeks of age and with no respiratory illness. groups v to viii had the matching characteristics of groups i to v but consisted of japanese quails. the p. multocida isol ...201324159299
pasteurella multocida in backyard chickens in upper egypt: incidence with polymerase chain reaction analysis for capsule type, virulence in chicken embryos and antimicrobial resistance.the prevalence of pasteurella multocida strains among 275 backyard chickens from different regions of upper egypt was studied. a total of 21 isolates of p. multocida were recovered in 21 out of 275 chickens tested (7.6%) and were confirmed using phenotypic characterisation. somatic serotyping of the 21 isolates resulted in 12 isolates being classed as serotype a:1 (57.14%), 4 as serotype a:3 (19.05%) and 5 could not be typed (23.8%). capsular typing, using multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pc ...201322485004
cat induced pasteurella multocida peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: a case report and review of the literature.a 7-year-old girl treated with peritoneal dialysis developed a peritonitis due to pasteurella multocida after physical contact of the domestic cat with the dialysis machine. only 25 of such cases have been reported, mostly concerning adults. we report the third case involving a child, together with a literature review.201322572039
a catastrophic event caused by pasteurella multocida in an alcoholic cirrhotic patient. 201222567753
pasteurella multocida toxin interaction with host cells: entry and cellular effects.the mitogenic dermonecrotic toxin from pasteurella multocida (pmt) is a 1285-residue multipartite protein that belongs to the a-b family of bacterial protein toxins. through its g-protein-deamidating activity on the α subunits of heterotrimeric g(q)-, g(i)- and g(12/13)-proteins, pmt potently stimulates downstream mitogenic, calcium, and cytoskeletal signaling pathways. these activities lead to pleiotropic effects in different cell types, which ultimately result in cellular proliferation, while ...201222552700
prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by pasteurella in a penicillin allergic patient: challenges in diagnosis and treatment.pasteurella multocida is a rare cause of infective endocarditis with only a few cases described. this report involves a 38-year-old penicillin-allergic patient in an immunocompromised state with several co-morbidities. two molecular microbiological techniques, 16s rrna sequencing and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry were used to confirm the species identification as p. multocida. previous reports in the literature are also reviewed.201224470946
severe pasteurella multocida infection after a dog bite. 201222525693
immunostimulant effect of egyptian propolis in rabbits.the present experiment was conducted to study the effect of ethanolic extract of egyptian propolis given alone or in combination with inactivated pasteurella multocida vaccine on rabbits challenged with a virulent strain of pasteurella multocida. fifty-six new-zealand rabbits, 6-8 weeks old and non-vaccinated against pasteurellosis, were randomly divided into eight equal groups. the first group was kept as a control for the experiment. the other groups received different treatments with propolis ...201222654648
sequencing-independent method for the differentiation of the main phylogenetic lineages of pasteurella multocida.a rapid, easy method involving a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis was developed to differentiate the 2 phylogenetic lineages of pasteurella multocida. the pcr targeted the 16s ribosomal rna gene, and the rflp involved separate digestions with hindiii, eari, and mlsi. the method was applied to 16 isolates of p. multocida from different hosts and the isolates were clearly assigned to 1 of the 2 lineages. the phylogenetic lin ...201222649161
pasteurella multocida endocarditis.pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative rod that forms part of the natural oral flora of cats and dogs. it is usually associated with skin and soft tissue infections, as a result of bites and scratches. although invasive and serious infections by p. multocida are rare, there are limited reports of pneumonia and sepsis. infective endocarditis (ie) is extremely rare. the case is reported of an 82-year-old male who presented with a productive cough, fever, and shortness of breath, and who was init ...201222645864
pasteurella multocida: diseases and pathogenesis.pasteurella multocida is an enigmatic pathogen. it is remarkable both for the number and range of specific disease syndromes with which it is associated, and the wide range of host species affected. the pathogenic mechanisms involved in causing the different syndromes are, for the most part, poorly understood or completely unknown. the biochemical and serological properties of some organisms responsible for quite different syndromes appear to be similar. thus, the molecular basis for host predil ...201222643916
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