Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| oleanolic acid induces the type iii secretion system of ralstonia solanacearum. | ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt, can naturally infect a wide range of host plants. the type iii secretion system (t3ss) is a major virulence determinant in this bacterium. studies have shown that plant-derived compounds are able to inhibit or induce the t3ss in some plant pathogenic bacteria, though no specific t3ss inhibitor or inducer has yet been identified in r. solanacearum. in this study, a total of 50 different compounds were screened and almost half of them (22 ... | 2015 | 26732647 |
| gene expression profiling in viable but nonculturable (vbnc) cells of pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. | pseudomonas syringae infects diverse crop plants and comprises at least 50 different pathovar strains with different host ranges. more information on the physiological and molecular effects of the host inhibitory environment on the pathogen is needed to develop resistant cultivars. recently, we reported an in vitro model system that mimics the redox pulse associated with the oxidative burst in plant cells inoculated with pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. using this system, we demonstrated that ... | 2015 | 26733964 |
| cmwrky15 facilitates alternaria tenuissima infection of chrysanthemum. | abscisic acid (aba) has an important role in the responses of plants to pathogens due to its ability to induce stomatal closure and interact with salicylic acid (sa) and jasmonic acid (ja). wrky transcription factors serve as antagonistic or synergistic regulators in the response of plants to a variety of pathogens. here, we demonstrated that cmwrky15, a group iia wrky family member, was not transcriptionally activated in yeast cells. subcellular localization experiments in which onion epidermal ... | 2015 | 26600125 |
| genomics and transcriptomics of xanthomonas campestris species challenge the concept of core type iii effectome. | the bacterial species xanthomonas campestris infects a wide range of brassicaceae. specific pathovars of this species cause black rot (pv. campestris), bacterial blight of stock (pv. incanae) or bacterial leaf spot (pv. raphani). | 2015 | 26581393 |
| acetylation of an nb-lrr plant immune-effector complex suppresses immunity. | modifications of plant immune complexes by secreted pathogen effectors can trigger strong immune responses mediated by the action of nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat immune receptors. although some strains of the pathogen pseudomonas syringae harbor effectors that individually can trigger immunity, the plant's response may be suppressed by other virulence factors. this work reveals a robust strategy for immune suppression mediated by hopz3, an effector in the yopj family of acetyltransfera ... | 2015 | 26586425 |
| surveying the potential of secreted antimicrobial peptides to enhance plant disease resistance. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) are natural products found across diverse taxa as part of the innate immune system against pathogen attacks. some amps are synthesized through the canonical gene expression machinery and are called ribosomal amps. other amps are assembled by modular enzymes generating nonribosomal amps and harbor unusual structural diversity. plants synthesize an array of amps, yet are still subject to many pathogen invasions. crop breeding programs struggle to release new cultivars ... | 2015 | 26579150 |
| repeat-containing protein effectors of plant-associated organisms. | many plant-associated organisms, including microbes, nematodes, and insects, deliver effector proteins into the apoplast, vascular tissue, or cell cytoplasm of their prospective hosts. these effectors function to promote colonization, typically by altering host physiology or by modulating host immune responses. the same effectors however, can also trigger host immunity in the presence of cognate host immune receptor proteins, and thus prevent colonization. to circumvent effector-triggered immuni ... | 2015 | 26557126 |
| phytopath: an integrative resource for plant pathogen genomics. | phytopath (www.phytopathdb.org) is a resource for genomic and phenotypic data from plant pathogen species, that integrates phenotypic data for genes from phi-base, an expertly curated catalog of genes with experimentally verified pathogenicity, with the ensembl tools for data visualization and analysis. the resource is focused on fungi, protists (oomycetes) and bacterial plant pathogens that have genomes that have been sequenced and annotated. genes with associated phi-base data can be easily id ... | 2015 | 26476449 |
| phytopath: an integrative resource for plant pathogen genomics. | phytopath (www.phytopathdb.org) is a resource for genomic and phenotypic data from plant pathogen species, that integrates phenotypic data for genes from phi-base, an expertly curated catalog of genes with experimentally verified pathogenicity, with the ensembl tools for data visualization and analysis. the resource is focused on fungi, protists (oomycetes) and bacterial plant pathogens that have genomes that have been sequenced and annotated. genes with associated phi-base data can be easily id ... | 2015 | 26476449 |
| genome-wide systematic characterization of the bzip transcriptional factor family in tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.). | transcription factors of the basic leucine zipper (bzip) family represent exclusively in eukaryotes and have been shown to regulate diverse biological processes in plant growth and development as well as in abiotic and biotic stress responses. however, little is known about the bzip family in tomato (solanum lycopersicum l.). | 2015 | 26459863 |
| ibr5 modulates temperature-dependent, r protein chs3-mediated defense responses in arabidopsis. | plant responses to low temperature are tightly associated with defense responses. we previously characterized the chilling-sensitive mutant chs3-1 resulting from the activation of the toll and interleukin 1 receptor-nucleotide binding-leucine-rich repeat (tir-nb-lrr)-type resistance (r) protein harboring a c-terminal lim (lin-11, isl-1 and mec-3 domains) domain. here we report the identification of a suppressor of chs3, ibr5-7 (indole-3-butyric acid response 5), which largely suppresses chilling ... | 2015 | 26451844 |
| water extract from spent mushroom substrate of hericium erinaceus suppresses bacterial wilt disease of tomato. | culture filtrates of six different edible mushroom species were screened for antimicrobial activity against tomato wilt bacteria ralstonia solanacearum b3. hericium erinaceus, lentinula edodes (sanjo 701), grifola frondosa, and hypsizygus marmoreus showed antibacterial activity against the bacteria. water, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate extracts of spent mushroom substrate (sms) of h. erinaceus exhibited high antibacterial activity against different phytopathogenic bacteria: pectobacterium carotov ... | 2015 | 26539048 |
| regulatory proteolysis in arabidopsis-pathogen interactions. | approximately two and a half percent of protein coding genes in arabidopsis encode enzymes with known or putative proteolytic activity. proteases possess not only common housekeeping functions by recycling nonfunctional proteins. by irreversibly cleaving other proteins, they regulate crucial developmental processes and control responses to environmental changes. regulatory proteolysis is also indispensable in interactions between plants and their microbial pathogens. proteolytic cleavage is simu ... | 2015 | 26404238 |
| plant and pathogen nutrient acquisition strategies. | nutrients are indispensable elements required for the growth of all living organisms including plants and pathogens. phyllosphere, rhizosphere, apoplast, phloem, xylem, and cell organelles are the nutrient niches in plants that are the target of bacterial pathogens. depending upon nutrients availability, the pathogen adapts various acquisition strategies and inhabits the specific niche. in this review, we discuss the nutrient composition of different niches in plants, the mechanisms involved in ... | 2015 | 26442063 |
| origin of the outbreak in france of pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3, the causal agent of bacterial canker of kiwifruit, revealed by a multilocus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis. | the first outbreaks of bacterial canker of kiwifruit caused by pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae biovar 3 were detected in france in 2010. p. syringae pv. actinidiae causes leaf spots, dieback, and canker that sometimes lead to the death of the vine. p. syringae pv. actinidifoliorum, which is pathogenic on kiwi as well, causes only leaf spots. in order to conduct an epidemiological study to track the spread of the epidemics of these two pathogens in france, we developed a multilocus variable-n ... | 2015 | 26209667 |
| ethylene responsive factors in the orchestration of stress responses in monocotyledonous plants. | the apetala2/ethylene-responsive factor (ap2/erf) superfamily of transcription factors (tfs) regulates physiological, developmental and stress responses. most of the ap2/erf tfs belong to the erf family in both dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. erfs are implicated in the responses to both biotic and abiotic stress and occasionally impart multiple stress tolerance. studies have revealed that erf gene function is conserved in dicots and monocots. moreover, successful stress tolerance phe ... | 2015 | 26379679 |
| disease resistance gene analogs (rgas) in plants. | plants have developed effective mechanisms to recognize and respond to infections caused by pathogens. plant resistance gene analogs (rgas), as resistance (r) gene candidates, have conserved domains and motifs that play specific roles in pathogens' resistance. well-known rgas are nucleotide binding site leucine rich repeats, receptor like kinases, and receptor like proteins. others include pentatricopeptide repeats and apoplastic peroxidases. rgas can be detected using bioinformatics tools based ... | 2015 | 26287177 |
| rapid and efficient genome-wide characterization of xanthomonas tal effector genes. | xanthomonas tale transcriptional activators act as virulence or avirulence factors by activating host disease susceptibility or resistance genes. their specificity is determined by a tandem repeat domain. some xanthomonas pathogens contain 10-30 tales per strain. although tales play critical roles in pathogenesis, their studies have so far been limited to a few examples, due to their highly repetitive gene structure and extreme similarity among different members, which constrict sequencing and a ... | 2015 | 26271455 |
| development of a multiple loci variable number of tandem repeats analysis (mlva) to unravel the intra-pathovar structure of pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae populations worldwide. | the bacterial canker of kiwifruit by pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae is an emblematic example of a catastrophic disease of fruit crops. in 2008 a new, extremely virulent form of the pathogen emerged and rapidly devastated many actinidia spp. orchards all over the world. in order to understand differences in populations within this pathovar and to elucidate their diffusion and movements on world scale, it is necessary to be able to quickly and on a routine basis compare new isolates with prev ... | 2015 | 26262683 |
| current and prospective methods for plant disease detection. | food losses due to crop infections from pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and fungi are persistent issues in agriculture for centuries across the globe. in order to minimize the disease induced damage in crops during growth, harvest and postharvest processing, as well as to maximize productivity and ensure agricultural sustainability, advanced disease detection and prevention in crops are imperative. this paper reviews the direct and indirect disease identification methods currently used in ag ... | 2015 | 26287253 |
| bacteria murmur: application of an acoustic biosensor for plant pathogen detection. | a multi-targeting protocol for the detection of three of the most important bacterial phytopathogens, based on their scientific and economic importance, was developed using an acoustic biosensor (the quartz crystal microbalance) for dna detection. acoustic detection was based on a novel approach where dna amplicons were monitored and discriminated based on their length rather than mass. experiments were performed during real time monitoring of analyte binding and in a direct manner, i.e. without ... | 2015 | 26177507 |
| mortal kombat: the story of defense against tal effectors through loss-of-susceptibility. | many plant-pathogenic xanthomonads rely on transcription activator-like (tal) effectors to colonize their host. this particular family of type iii effectors functions as specific plant transcription factors via a programmable dna-binding domain. upon binding to the promoters of plant disease susceptibility genes in a sequence-specific manner, the expression of these host genes is induced. however, plants have evolved specific strategies to counter the action of tal effectors and confer resistanc ... | 2015 | 26236326 |
| plant myb transcription factors: their role in drought response mechanisms. | water scarcity is one of the major causes of poor plant performance and limited crop yields worldwide and it is the single most common cause of severe food shortage in developing countries. several molecular networks involved in stress perception, signal transduction and stress responses in plants have been elucidated so far. transcription factors are major players in water stress signaling. in recent years, different myb transcription factors, mainly in arabidopsis thaliana (l.) heynh. but also ... | 2015 | 26184177 |
| plant immune receptor decoy: pathogens in their own trap. | 2015 | 26164080 | |
| secretion systems and signal exchange between nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and legumes. | the formation of symbiotic nitrogen-fixing nodules on the roots and/or stem of leguminous plants involves a complex signal exchange between both partners. since many microorganisms are present in the soil, legumes and rhizobia must recognize and initiate communication with each other to establish symbioses. this results in the formation of nodules. rhizobia within nodules exchange fixed nitrogen for carbon from the legume. symbiotic relationships can become non-beneficial if one partner ceases t ... | 2015 | 26191069 |
| bean 2.0: an integrated web resource for the identification and functional analysis of type iii secreted effectors. | gram-negative pathogenic bacteria inject type iii secreted effectors (t3ses) into host cells to sabotage their immune signaling networks. because t3ses constitute a meeting-point of pathogen virulence and host defense, they are of keen interest to host-pathogen interaction research community. to accelerate the identification and functional understanding of t3ses, we present bean 2.0 as an integrated web resource to predict, analyse and store t3ses. bean 2.0 includes three major components. first ... | 2015 | 26120140 |
| aggressive emerging pathovars of xanthomonas arboricola represent widespread epidemic clones distinct from poorly pathogenic strains, as revealed by multilocus sequence typing. | deep and comprehensive knowledge of the genetic structure of pathogenic species is the cornerstone on which the design of precise molecular diagnostic tools is built. xanthomonas arboricola is divided into pathovars, some of which are classified as quarantine organisms in many countries and are responsible for diseases on nut and stone fruit trees that have emerged worldwide. recent taxonomic studies of the genus xanthomonas showed that strains isolated from other hosts should be classified in x ... | 2015 | 25934623 |
| plant immune receptors mimic pathogen virulence targets. | 2015 | 26219337 | |
| the role of transition metal transporters for iron, zinc, manganese, and copper in the pathogenesis of yersinia pestis. | yersinia pestis, the causative agent of bubonic, septicemic and pneumonic plague, encodes a multitude of fe transport systems. some of these are defective due to frameshift or is element insertions, while others are functional in vitro but have no established role in causing infections. indeed only 3 fe transporters (ybt, yfe and feo) have been shown to be important in at least one form of plague. the yersiniabactin (ybt) system is essential in the early dermal/lymphatic stages of bubonic plague ... | 2015 | 25891079 |
| cyclic lipopeptide biosynthetic genes and products, and inhibitory activity of plant-associated bacillus against phytopathogenic bacteria. | the antibacterial activity against bacterial plant pathogens and its relationships with the presence of the cyclic lipopeptide (clp) biosynthetic genes ituc (iturin), bmyb (bacillomycin), fend (fengycin) and srfaa (surfactin), and their corresponding antimicrobial peptide products have been studied in a collection of 64 strains of bacillus spp. isolated from plant environments. the most frequent antimicrobial peptide (amp) genes were bmyb, srfaa and fend (34-50% of isolates). most isolates (98.4 ... | 2015 | 26024374 |
| microbial effectors target multiple steps in the salicylic acid production and signaling pathway. | microbes attempting to colonize plants are recognized through the plant immune surveillance system. this leads to a complex array of global as well as specific defense responses, which are often associated with plant cell death and subsequent arrest of the invader. the responses also entail complex changes in phytohormone signaling pathways. among these, salicylic acid (sa) signaling is an important pathway because of its ability to trigger plant cell death. as biotrophic and hemibiotrophic path ... | 2015 | 26042138 |
| group vii ethylene response factors coordinate oxygen and nitric oxide signal transduction and stress responses in plants. | the group vii ethylene response factors (erfviis) are plant-specific transcription factors that have emerged as important regulators of abiotic and biotic stress responses, in particular, low-oxygen stress. a defining feature of erfviis is their conserved n-terminal domain, which renders them oxygen- and nitric oxide (no)-dependent substrates of the n-end rule pathway of targeted proteolysis. in the presence of these gases, erfviis are destabilized, whereas an absence of either permits their acc ... | 2015 | 25944828 |
| secondary structural entropy in rna switch (riboswitch) identification. | rna regulatory elements play a significant role in gene regulation. riboswitches, a widespread group of regulatory rnas, are vital components of many bacterial genomes. these regulatory elements generally function by forming a ligand-induced alternative fold that controls access to ribosome binding sites or other regulatory sites in rna. riboswitch-mediated mechanisms are ubiquitous across bacterial genomes. a typical class of riboswitch has its own unique structural and biological complexity, m ... | 2015 | 25928324 |
| comparative genomic analysis of ralstonia solanacearum reveals candidate genes for host specificity. | ralstonia solanacearum is a vascular soil-borne plant pathogen with an unusually broad host range. this economically destructive and globally distributed bacterium has thousands of distinct lineages within a heterogeneous and taxonomically disputed species complex. some lineages include highly host-adapted strains (ecotypes), such as the banana moko disease-causing strains, the cold-tolerant potato brown rot strains (also known as r3bv2) and the recently emerged not pathogenic to banana (npb) st ... | 2015 | 25888333 |
| nuclear processes associated with plant immunity and pathogen susceptibility. | plants are sessile organisms that have evolved exquisite and sophisticated mechanisms to adapt to their biotic and abiotic environment. plants deploy receptors and vast signalling networks to detect, transmit and respond to a given biotic threat by inducing properly dosed defence responses. genetic analyses and, more recently, next-generation -omics approaches have allowed unprecedented insights into the mechanisms that drive immunity. similarly, functional genomics and the emergence of pathogen ... | 2015 | 25846755 |
| development of pcr and taqman pcr assays to detect pseudomonas coronafaciens, a causal agent of halo blight of oats. | pseudomonas coronafaciens causes halo blight on oats and is a plant quarantine bacterium in many countries, including the republic of korea. using of the certificated seed is important for control of the disease. since effective detection method of p. coronafaciens is not available yet, pcr and taqman pcr assays for specific detection of p. coronafaciens were developed in this study. pcr primers were designed from the draft genome sequence of p. coronafaciens lmg 5060 which was obtained by the n ... | 2015 | 25774107 |
| transgenic expression of the dicotyledonous pattern recognition receptor efr in rice leads to ligand-dependent activation of defense responses. | plant plasma membrane localized pattern recognition receptors (prrs) detect extracellular pathogen-associated molecules. prrs such as arabidopsis efr and rice xa21 are taxonomically restricted and are absent from most plant genomes. here we show that rice plants expressing efr or the chimeric receptor efr::xa21, containing the efr ectodomain and the xa21 intracellular domain, sense both escherichia coli- and xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (xoo)-derived elf18 peptides at sub-nanomolar concentratio ... | 2015 | 25821973 |
| rpon1, but not rpon2, is required for twitching motility, natural competence, growth on nitrate, and virulence of ralstonia solanacearum. | the plant pathogen ralstonia solanacearum has two genes encoding for the sigma factor σ(54): rpon1, located in the chromosome and rpon2, located in a distinct "megaplasmid" replicon. in this study, individual mutants as well as a double mutant of rpon were created in r. solanacearum strain gmi1000 in order to determine the extent of functional overlap between these two genes. by virulence assay we observed that rpon1 is required for virulence whereas rpon2 is not. in addition rpon1 controls othe ... | 2015 | 25852679 |
| the barley powdery mildew candidate secreted effector protein csep0105 inhibits the chaperone activity of a small heat shock protein. | pathogens secrete effector proteins to establish a successful interaction with their host. here, we describe two barley (hordeum vulgare) powdery mildew candidate secreted effector proteins, csep0105 and csep0162, which contribute to pathogen success and appear to be required during or after haustorial formation. silencing of either csep using host-induced gene silencing significantly reduced the fungal haustorial formation rate. interestingly, both cseps interact with the barley small heat shoc ... | 2015 | 25770154 |
| autoimmunity conferred by chs3-2d relies on csa1, its adjacent tnl-encoding neighbour. | plant innate immunity depends on the function of a large number of intracellular immune receptor proteins, the majority of which are structurally similar to mammalian nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (nod)-like receptor (nlr) proteins. chilling sensitive 3 (chs3) encodes an atypical toll/interleukin 1 receptor (tir)-type nlr protein with an additional lin-11, isl-1 and mec-3 (lim) domain at its c-terminus. the gain-of-function mutant allele chs3-2d exhibits severe dwarfism and constitut ... | 2015 | 25740259 |
| discovery of core biotic stress responsive genes in arabidopsis by weighted gene co-expression network analysis. | intricate signal networks and transcriptional regulators translate the recognition of pathogens into defense responses. in this study, we carried out a gene co-expression analysis of all currently publicly available microarray data, which were generated in experiments that studied the interaction of the model plant arabidopsis thaliana with microbial pathogens. this work was conducted to identify (i) modules of functionally related co-expressed genes that are differentially expressed in response ... | 2015 | 25730421 |
| molecular and functional analyses of a maize autoactive nb-lrr protein identify precise structural requirements for activity. | plant disease resistance is often mediated by nucleotide binding-leucine rich repeat (nlr) proteins which remain auto-inhibited until recognition of specific pathogen-derived molecules causes their activation, triggering a rapid, localized cell death called a hypersensitive response (hr). three domains are recognized in one of the major classes of nlr proteins: a coiled-coil (cc), a nucleotide binding (nb-arc) and a leucine rich repeat (lrr) domains. the maize nlr gene rp1-d21 derives from an in ... | 2015 | 25719542 |
| phospholipase d and phosphatidic acid in plant defence response: from protein-protein and lipid-protein interactions to hormone signalling. | phospholipase ds (plds) and pld-derived phosphatidic acids (pas) play vital roles in plant hormonal and environmental responses and various cellular dynamics. recent studies have further expanded the functions of plds and pas into plant-microbe interaction. the molecular diversities and redundant functions make pld-pa an important signalling complex regulating lipid metabolism, cytoskeleton dynamics, vesicle trafficking, and hormonal signalling in plant defence through protein-protein and protei ... | 2015 | 25680793 |
| structural insight into effector proteins of gram-negative bacterial pathogens that modulate the phosphoproteome of their host. | invading pathogens manipulate cellular process of the host cell to establish a safe replicative niche. to this end they secrete a spectrum of proteins called effectors that modify cellular environment through a variety of mechanisms. one of the most important mechanisms is the manipulation of cellular signaling through modifications of the cellular phosphoproteome. phosphorylation/dephosphorylation plays a pivotal role in eukaryotic cell signaling, with ∼ 500 different kinases and ∼ 130 phosphat ... | 2015 | 25565677 |
| isonitrosoacetophenone drives transcriptional reprogramming in nicotiana tabacum cells in support of innate immunity and defense. | plants respond to various stress stimuli by activating broad-spectrum defense responses both locally as well as systemically. as such, identification of expressed genes represents an important step towards understanding inducible defense responses and assists in designing appropriate intervention strategies for disease management. genes differentially expressed in tobacco cell suspensions following elicitation with isonitrosoacetophenone (inap) were identified using mrna differential display and ... | 2015 | 25658943 |
| the absence of protein y4ys affects negatively the abundance of t3ss mesorhizobium loti secretin, rhcc2, in bacterial membranes. | mesorhizobium loti maff303099 has a functional type iii secretion system (t3ss) that is involved in the determination of nodulation competitiveness on lotus. the m. loti t3ss cluster contains gene y4ys (mlr8765) that codes for a protein of unknown function (y4ys). a mutation in the y4ys gene favors the m. loti symbiotic competitive ability on lotus tenuis cv. esmeralda and affects negatively the secretion of proteins through t3ss. here we localize y4ys in the bacterial membrane using a translati ... | 2015 | 25688250 |
| comparing human-salmonella with plant-salmonella protein-protein interaction predictions. | salmonellosis is the most frequent foodborne disease worldwide and can be transmitted to humans by a variety of routes, especially via animal and plant products. salmonella bacteria are believed to use not only animal and human but also plant hosts despite their evolutionary distance. this raises the question if salmonella employs similar mechanisms in infection of these diverse hosts. given that most of our understanding comes from its interaction with human hosts, we investigate here to what d ... | 2015 | 25674082 |
| structural biology of innate immunity. | innate immune responses depend on timely recognition of pathogenic or danger signals by multiple cell surface or cytoplasmic receptors and transmission of signals for proper counteractions through adaptor and effector molecules. at the forefront of innate immunity are four major signaling pathways, including those elicited by toll-like receptors, rig-i-like receptors, inflammasomes, or cgas, each with its own cellular localization, ligand specificity, and signal relay mechanism. they collectivel ... | 2015 | 25622194 |
| the phylogenetically-related pattern recognition receptors efr and xa21 recruit similar immune signaling components in monocots and dicots. | during plant immunity, surface-localized pattern recognition receptors (prrs) recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamps). the transfer of prrs between plant species is a promising strategy for engineering broad-spectrum disease resistance. thus, there is a great interest in understanding the mechanisms of prr-mediated resistance across different plant species. two well-characterized plant prrs are the leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases (lrr-rks) efr and xa21 from arabidopsis thal ... | 2015 | 25607985 |
| composition, formation, and regulation of the cytosolic c-ring, a dynamic component of the type iii secretion injectisome. | many gram-negative pathogens employ a type iii secretion injectisome to translocate effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells. while the structure of the distal "needle complex" is well documented, the composition and role of the functionally important cytosolic complex remain less well understood. using functional fluorescent fusions, we found that the c-ring, an essential and conserved cytosolic component of the system, is composed of ~22 copies of sctq (yscq in yersinia enterocolitica), wh ... | 2015 | 25591178 |
| the cre1 cytokinin pathway is differentially recruited depending on medicago truncatula root environments and negatively regulates resistance to a pathogen. | cytokinins are phytohormones that regulate many developmental and environmental responses. the medicago truncatula cytokinin receptor mtcre1 (cytokinin response 1) is required for the nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with rhizobia. as several cytokinin signaling genes are modulated in roots depending on different biotic and abiotic conditions, we assessed potential involvement of this pathway in various root environmental responses. phenotyping of cre1 mutant roots infected by the gigaspora margarita a ... | 2015 | 25562779 |
| profiling expression of lipoxygenase in cucumber during compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interactions. | we compared lipoxygenase (lox) expression in cucumber in response to host and non-host pathogens. our results displayed significant difference in expression of lox between compatible and incompatible interaction at 12, 24 and 48 h after inoculation. moreover, lox expression at 72 h after inoculation was similar in both compatible and incompatible interaction. it seems that early induction of lox plays a crucial role in plant defense against pathogens. | 2015 | 27186031 |
| profiling expression of lipoxygenase in cucumber during compatible and incompatible plant-pathogen interactions. | we compared lipoxygenase (lox) expression in cucumber in response to host and non-host pathogens. our results displayed significant difference in expression of lox between compatible and incompatible interaction at 12, 24 and 48 h after inoculation. moreover, lox expression at 72 h after inoculation was similar in both compatible and incompatible interaction. it seems that early induction of lox plays a crucial role in plant defense against pathogens. | 2015 | 27186031 |
| genome sequence and description of the anaerobic lignin-degrading bacterium tolumonas lignolytica sp. nov. | tolumonas lignolytica brl6-1(t) sp. nov. is the type strain of t. lignolytica sp. nov., a proposed novel species of the tolumonas genus. this strain was isolated from tropical rainforest soils based on its ability to utilize lignin as a sole carbon source. cells of tolumonas lignolytica brl6-1(t) are mesophilic, non-spore forming, gram-negative rods that are oxidase and catalase negative. the genome for this isolate was sequenced and returned in seven unique contigs totaling 3.6mbp, enabling the ... | 2015 | 26594307 |
| bacteriocins from the rhizosphere microbiome - from an agriculture perspective. | bacteria produce and excrete a versatile and dynamic suit of compounds to defend against microbial competitors and mediate local population dynamics. these include a wide range of broad-spectrum non-ribosomally synthesized antibiotics, lytic enzymes, metabolic by-products, proteinaceous exotoxins, and ribosomally produced antimicrobial peptides (bacteriocins). most bacteria produce at least one bacteriocin. bacteriocins are of interest in the food industry as natural preservatives and in the pro ... | 2015 | 26579159 |
| targeting the trehalose utilization pathways of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb) is an epidemic disease and the growing burden of multidrug-resistant (mdr) tb world wide underlines the need to discover new drugs to treat the disease. mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is the etiological agent of most cases of tb. mtb is difficult to treat, in part, due to the presence of a sturdy hydrophobic barrier that prevents penetration of drugs through the cell wall. mtb can also survive in a non-replicative state for long periods of time avoiding the action of common a ... | 2015 | 26941930 |
| targeting the trehalose utilization pathways of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb) is an epidemic disease and the growing burden of multidrug-resistant (mdr) tb world wide underlines the need to discover new drugs to treat the disease. mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is the etiological agent of most cases of tb. mtb is difficult to treat, in part, due to the presence of a sturdy hydrophobic barrier that prevents penetration of drugs through the cell wall. mtb can also survive in a non-replicative state for long periods of time avoiding the action of common a ... | 2015 | 26941930 |
| bacterial synthesis of n-hydroxycinnamoyl phenethylamines and tyramines. | hydroxycinnamic acids (hcas) including cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid, are c6-c3 phenolic compounds that are synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway. hcas serve as precursors for the synthesis of lignins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, stilbenes and other phenolic compounds. hcas can also be conjugated with diverse compounds including quinic acid, hydroxyl acids, and amines. hydroxycinnamoyl (hc) amine conjugates such as n-hc tyramines and n-hc phenethylamines have ... | 2015 | 26463041 |
| 2-hydroxy acids in plant metabolism. | glycolate, malate, lactate, and 2-hydroxyglutarate are important 2-hydroxy acids (2ha) in plant metabolism. most of them can be found as d- and l-stereoisomers. these 2ha play an integral role in plant primary metabolism, where they are involved in fundamental pathways such as photorespiration, tricarboxylic acid cycle, glyoxylate cycle, methylglyoxal pathway, and lysine catabolism. recent molecular studies in arabidopsis thaliana have helped elucidate the participation of these 2ha in in plant ... | 2015 | 26380567 |
| assessing the genetic diversity of cu resistance in mine tailings through high-throughput recovery of full-length copa genes. | characterizing the genetic diversity of microbial copper (cu) resistance at the community level remains challenging, mainly due to the polymorphism of the core functional gene copa. in this study, a local blastn method using a copa database built in this study was developed to recover full-length putative copa sequences from an assembled tailings metagenome; these sequences were then screened for potentially functioning copa using conserved metal-binding motifs, inferred by evolutionary trace an ... | 2015 | 26286020 |
| genome, proteome and structure of a t7-like bacteriophage of the kiwifruit canker phytopathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae. | pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae is an economically significant pathogen responsible for severe bacterial canker of kiwifruit (actinidia sp.). bacteriophages infecting this phytopathogen have potential as biocontrol agents as part of an integrated approach to the management of bacterial canker, and for use as molecular tools to study this bacterium. a variety of bacteriophages were previously isolated that infect p. syringae pv. actinidiae, and their basic properties were characterized to pro ... | 2015 | 26114474 |
| a macrophage subversion factor is shared by intracellular and extracellular pathogens. | pathogenic bacteria have developed strategies to adapt to host environment and resist host immune response. several intracellular bacterial pathogens, including salmonella enterica and mycobacterium tuberculosis, share the horizontally-acquired mgtc virulence factor that is important for multiplication inside macrophages. mgtc is also found in pathogenic pseudomonas species. here we investigate for the first time the role of mgtc in the virulence of an extracellular pathogen, pseudomonas aerugin ... | 2015 | 26080006 |
| draft genome sequence of pseudomonas abietaniphila kf701 (nbrc110664), a polychlorinated biphenyl-degrading bacterium isolated from biphenyl-contaminated soil. | pseudomonas abietaniphila kf701 utilizes biphenyl as a sole source of carbon and degrades polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs). here, we report the 6,886,250-bp draft genome sequence of kf701, which contains 6,315 coding sequences and 59.4 mol% g+c content. the strain possesses genes for biphenyl catabolism and other genes that mediate the degradation of benzoate, salicylate, and phenol. | 2015 | 25977441 |
| cosmetics-triggered percutaneous remote control of transgene expression in mice. | synthetic biology has significantly advanced the rational design of trigger-inducible gene switches that program cellular behavior in a reliable and predictable manner. capitalizing on genetic componentry, including the repressor pmer and its cognate operator opmer, that has evolved in pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato dc3000 to sense and resist plant-defence metabolites of the paraben class, we have designed a set of inducible and repressible mammalian transcription-control devices that coul ... | 2015 | 25943548 |
| characterization of uronate dehydrogenases catalysing the initial step in an oxidative pathway. | uronate dehydrogenases catalyse the oxidation of uronic acids to aldaric acids, which represent 'top value-added chemicals' that have the potential to substitute petroleum-derived chemicals. the identification and annotation of three uronate dehydrogenases derived from fulvimarina pelagi htcc2506, streptomyces viridochromogenes dsm 40736 and oceanicola granulosus dsm 15982 via sequence analysis is described. characterization and comparison with two known uronate dehydrogenases in regard to subst ... | 2015 | 25884328 |
| the intracellular scots pine shoot symbiont methylobacterium extorquens dsm13060 aggregates around the host nucleus and encodes eukaryote-like proteins. | endophytes are microbes that inhabit plant tissues without any apparent signs of infection, often fundamentally altering plant phenotypes. while endophytes are typically studied in plant roots, where they colonize the apoplast or dead cells, methylobacterium extorquens strain dsm13060 is a facultatively intracellular symbiont of the meristematic cells of scots pine (pinus sylvestris l.) shoot tips. the bacterium promotes host growth and development without the production of known plant growth-st ... | 2015 | 25805725 |
| rhizosphere microbial community composition affects cadmium and zinc uptake by the metal-hyperaccumulating plant arabidopsis halleri. | the remediation of metal-contaminated soils by phytoextraction depends on plant growth and plant metal accessibility. soil microorganisms can affect the accumulation of metals by plants either by directly or indirectly stimulating plant growth and activity or by (im)mobilizing and/or complexing metals. understanding the intricate interplay of metal-accumulating plants with their rhizosphere microbiome is an important step toward the application and optimization of phytoremediation. we compared t ... | 2015 | 25595759 |
| expression of extra-cellular levansucrase in pseudomonas syringae is controlled by the in planta fitness-promoting metabolic repressor hexr. | pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea pg4180 causes bacterial blight on soybean plants and enters the leaf tissue through stomata or open wounds, where it encounters a sucrose-rich milieu. sucrose is utilized by invading bacteria via the secreted enzyme, levansucrase (lsc), liberating glucose and forming the polyfructan levan. p. syringae pg4180 possesses two functional lsc alleles transcribed at virulence-promoting low temperatures. | 2015 | 25886911 |
| homologs of the acinetobacter baumannii acei transporter represent a new family of bacterial multidrug efflux systems. | multidrug efflux systems are a major cause of resistance to antimicrobials in bacteria, including those pathogenic to humans, animals, and plants. these proteins are ubiquitous in these pathogens, and five families of bacterial multidrug efflux systems have been identified to date. by using transcriptomic and biochemical analyses, we recently identified the novel acei (acinetobacter chlorhexidine efflux) protein from acinetobacter baumannii that conferred resistance to the biocide chlorhexidine, ... | 2015 | 25670776 |
| sensor kinase pa4398 modulates swarming motility and biofilm formation in pseudomonas aeruginosa pa14. | pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen that is able to sense and adapt to numerous environmental stimuli by the use of transcriptional regulators, including two-component regulatory systems. in this study, we demonstrate that the sensor kinase pa4398 is involved in the regulation of swarming motility and biofilm formation in p. aeruginosa pa14. apa4398 mutant strain was considerably impaired in swarming motility, while biofilm formation was increased by approximately 2-fold. t ... | 2015 | 25501476 |
| quorum sensing triggers the stochastic escape of individual cells from pseudomonas putida biofilms. | the term 'quorum sensing' (qs) is generally used to describe the phenomenon that bacteria release and perceive signal molecules to coordinate cooperative behaviour in response to their population size. qs-based communication has therefore been considered a social trait. here we show that qs signals (n-acyl-homoserine lactones, ahls) are stochastically produced in young biofilms of pseudomonas putida and act mainly as self-regulatory signals rather than inducing neighbouring cells. we demonstrate ... | 2015 | 25592773 |
| pseudomonas fluorescens and trichoderma asperellum enhance expression of gα subunits of the pea heterotrimeric g-protein during erysiphe pisi infection. | we investigated the transcript accumulation patterns of all three subunits of heterotrimeric g-proteins (gα1 and 2, gβ, and gγ) in pea under stimulation of two soil-inhabiting rhizosphere microbes pseudomonas fluorescens okc and trichoderma asperellum t42. the microbes were either applied individually or co-inoculated and the transcript accumulation patterns were also investigated after challenging the same plants with a fungal biotrophic pathogen erysiphe pisi. we observed that mostly the trans ... | 2015 | 26779236 |
| pseudomonas fluorescens and trichoderma asperellum enhance expression of gα subunits of the pea heterotrimeric g-protein during erysiphe pisi infection. | we investigated the transcript accumulation patterns of all three subunits of heterotrimeric g-proteins (gα1 and 2, gβ, and gγ) in pea under stimulation of two soil-inhabiting rhizosphere microbes pseudomonas fluorescens okc and trichoderma asperellum t42. the microbes were either applied individually or co-inoculated and the transcript accumulation patterns were also investigated after challenging the same plants with a fungal biotrophic pathogen erysiphe pisi. we observed that mostly the trans ... | 2015 | 26779236 |
| supramolecular structure and functional analysis of the type iii secretion system in pseudomonas fluorescens 2p24. | the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of plant and animal bacterial pathogens directs the secretion and injection of proteins into host cells. some homologous genes of t3ss were found also in non-pathogenic bacteria, but the organization of its machinery and basic function are still unknown. in this study, we identified a t3ss gene cluster from the plant growth-promoting pseudomonas fluorescens 2p24 and isolated the corresponding t3ss apparatus. the t3ss gene cluster of strain 2p24 is similar org ... | 2015 | 26779224 |
| supramolecular structure and functional analysis of the type iii secretion system in pseudomonas fluorescens 2p24. | the type iii secretion system (t3ss) of plant and animal bacterial pathogens directs the secretion and injection of proteins into host cells. some homologous genes of t3ss were found also in non-pathogenic bacteria, but the organization of its machinery and basic function are still unknown. in this study, we identified a t3ss gene cluster from the plant growth-promoting pseudomonas fluorescens 2p24 and isolated the corresponding t3ss apparatus. the t3ss gene cluster of strain 2p24 is similar org ... | 2015 | 26779224 |
| evolutionary rescue and the coexistence of generalist and specialist competitors: an experimental test. | competition for resources is thought to play a critical role in both the origins and maintenance of biodiversity. although numerous laboratory evolution experiments have confirmed that competition can be a key driver of adaptive diversification, few have demonstrated its role in the maintenance of the resulting diversity. we investigate the conditions that favour the origin and maintenance of alternative generalist and specialist resource-use phenotypes within the same population. previously, we ... | 2015 | 26702041 |
| diversity of pseudomonas genomes, including populus-associated isolates, as revealed by comparative genome analysis. | the pseudomonas genus contains a metabolically versatile group of organisms that are known to occupy numerous ecological niches, including the rhizosphere and endosphere of many plants. their diversity influences the phylogenetic diversity and heterogeneity of these communities. on the basis of average amino acid identity, comparative genome analysis of >1,000 pseudomonas genomes, including 21 pseudomonas strains isolated from the roots of native populus deltoides (eastern cottonwood) trees resu ... | 2015 | 26519390 |
| diversity of pseudomonas genomes, including populus-associated isolates, as revealed by comparative genome analysis. | the pseudomonas genus contains a metabolically versatile group of organisms that are known to occupy numerous ecological niches, including the rhizosphere and endosphere of many plants. their diversity influences the phylogenetic diversity and heterogeneity of these communities. on the basis of average amino acid identity, comparative genome analysis of >1,000 pseudomonas genomes, including 21 pseudomonas strains isolated from the roots of native populus deltoides (eastern cottonwood) trees resu ... | 2015 | 26519390 |
| fleq dna binding consensus sequence revealed by studies of fleq-dependent regulation of biofilm gene expression in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the transcription factor fleq from pseudomonas aeruginosa derepresses expression of genes involved in biofilm formation when intracellular levels of the second messenger cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-gmp) are high. fleq also activates transcription of flagellar genes, and the expression of these genes is highest at low intracellular c-di-gmp. fleq thus plays a central role in mediating the transition between planktonic and biofilm lifestyles of p. aeruginosa. previous work showed that f ... | 2015 | 26483521 |
| fleq dna binding consensus sequence revealed by studies of fleq-dependent regulation of biofilm gene expression in pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the transcription factor fleq from pseudomonas aeruginosa derepresses expression of genes involved in biofilm formation when intracellular levels of the second messenger cyclic diguanosine monophosphate (c-di-gmp) are high. fleq also activates transcription of flagellar genes, and the expression of these genes is highest at low intracellular c-di-gmp. fleq thus plays a central role in mediating the transition between planktonic and biofilm lifestyles of p. aeruginosa. previous work showed that f ... | 2015 | 26483521 |
| classification and taxonomy of vegetable macergens. | macergens are bacteria capable of releasing pectic enzymes (pectolytic bacteria). these enzymatic actions result in the separation of plant tissues leading to total plant destruction. this can be attributed to soft rot diseases in vegetables. these macergens primarily belong to the genus erwinia and to a range of opportunistic pathogens namely: the xanthomonas spp., pseudomonas spp., clostridium spp., cytophaga spp., and bacillus spp. they consist of taxa that displayed considerable heterogeneit ... | 2015 | 26640465 |
| pseudomonads rule degradation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in aerated sediment. | given that the degradation of aromatic pollutants in anaerobic environments such as sediment is generally very slow, aeration could be an efficient bioremediation option. using stable isotope probing (sip) coupled with pyrosequencing analysis of 16s rrna genes, we identified naphthalene-utilizing populations in aerated polyaromatic hydrocarbon (pah)-polluted sediment. the results showed that naphthalene was metabolized at both 10 and 20°c following oxygen delivery, with increased degradation at ... | 2015 | 26635740 |
| sinapic acid and its derivatives as medicine in oxidative stress-induced diseases and aging. | sinapic acid (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid) is an orally bioavailable phytochemical, extensively found in spices, citrus and berry fruits, vegetables, cereals, and oilseed crops and is known to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimutagenic, antiglycemic, neuroprotective, and antibacterial activities. the literature reveals that sinapic acid is a bioactive phenolic acid and has the potential to attenuate various chemically induced toxicities. this minireview is an effo ... | 2015 | 27069529 |
| sinapic acid and its derivatives as medicine in oxidative stress-induced diseases and aging. | sinapic acid (3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid) is an orally bioavailable phytochemical, extensively found in spices, citrus and berry fruits, vegetables, cereals, and oilseed crops and is known to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antimutagenic, antiglycemic, neuroprotective, and antibacterial activities. the literature reveals that sinapic acid is a bioactive phenolic acid and has the potential to attenuate various chemically induced toxicities. this minireview is an effo ... | 2015 | 27069529 |
| comparative metagenomics reveals impact of contaminants on groundwater microbiomes. | to understand patterns of geochemical cycling in pristine versus contaminated groundwater ecosystems, pristine shallow groundwater (fw301) and contaminated groundwater (fw106) samples from the oak ridge integrated field research center (or-ifrc) were sequenced and compared to each other to determine phylogenetic and metabolic difference between the communities. proteobacteria (e.g., burkholderia, pseudomonas) are the most abundant lineages in the pristine community, though a significant proporti ... | 2015 | 26583008 |
| sequencing and analysis of the pseudomonas fluorescens gcm5-1a genome: a pathogen living in the surface coat of bursaphelenchus xylophilus. | it is known that several bacteria are adherent to the surface coat of pine wood nematode (bursaphelenchus xylophilus), but their function and role in the pathogenesis of pine wilt disease remains debatable. the pseudomonas fluorescens gcm5-1a is a bacterium isolated from the surface coat of pine wood nematodes. in previous studies, gcm5-1a was evident in connection with the pathogenicity of pine wilt disease. in this study, we report the de novo sequencing of the gcm5-1a genome. a 600-mb collect ... | 2015 | 26517369 |
| identification of critical amino acids conferring lethality in vopk, a type iii effector protein of vibrio cholerae: lessons from yeast model system. | vopk, a type iii effector protein, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vibrio cholerae strains belonging to diverse serogroups. ectopic expression of this protein exhibits strong toxicity in yeast model system. in order to map critical residues in vopk, we scanned the primary sequence guided by available data on various toxins and effector proteins. our in silico analysis of vopk indicated the presence of predicted mcf1-she (shxxxe) serine peptidase domain at the c-terminus region of the ... | 2015 | 26488395 |
| ethylene: traffic controller on hormonal crossroads to defense. | ethylene (et) is an important hormone in plant responses to microbial pathogens and herbivorous insects, and in the interaction of plants with beneficial microbes and insects. early et signaling events during these biotic interactions involve activities of mitogen-activated protein kinases and ethylene response factor transcription factors. rather than being the principal regulator, et often modulates defense signaling pathways, including those regulated by jasmonic acid and salicylic acid. horm ... | 2015 | 26482888 |
| the genomic landscape of ribosomal peptides containing thiazole and oxazole heterocycles. | ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (ripps) are a burgeoning class of natural products with diverse activity that share a similar origin and common features in their biosynthetic pathways. the precursor peptides of these natural products are ribosomally produced, upon which a combination of modification enzymes installs diverse functional groups. this genetically encoded peptide-based strategy allows for rapid diversification of these natural products by mutation i ... | 2015 | 26462797 |
| pathogen-regulated genes in wheat isogenic lines differing in resistance to brown rust puccinia triticina. | inoculation of wheat plants with puccinia triticina (pt) spores activates a wide range of host responses. compatible pt interaction with susceptible thatcher plants supports all stages of the pathogen life cycle. incompatible interaction with tclr9 activates defense responses including oxidative burst and micronecrotic reactions associated with the pathogen's infection structures and leads to complete termination of pathogen development. these two contrasting host-pathogen interactions were a fo ... | 2015 | 26438375 |
| different ancestries of r tailocins in rhizospheric pseudomonas isolates. | bacterial genomes accommodate a variety of mobile genetic elements, including bacteriophage-related clusters that encode phage tail-like protein complexes playing a role in interactions with eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells. such tailocins are unable to replicate inside target cells due to the lack of a phage head with associated dna. a subset of tailocins mediate antagonistic activities with bacteriocin-like specificity. functional characterization of bactericidal tailocins of two pseudomonas pu ... | 2015 | 26412856 |
| contact-dependent growth inhibition (cdi) and cdib/cdia two-partner secretion proteins. | bacteria have developed several strategies to communicate and compete with one another in complex environments. one important mechanism of inter-bacterial competition is contact-dependent growth inhibition (cdi), in which gram-negative bacteria use cdib/cdia two-partner secretion proteins to suppress the growth of neighboring target cells. cdib is an omp85 outer-membrane protein that exports and assembles cdia exoproteins onto the inhibitor cell surface. cdia binds to receptors on susceptible ba ... | 2015 | 26388411 |
| bypasses in intracellular glucose metabolism in iron-limited pseudomonas putida. | decreased biomass growth in iron (fe)-limited pseudomonas is generally attributed to downregulated expression of fe-requiring proteins accompanied by an increase in siderophore biosynthesis. here, we applied a stable isotope-assisted metabolomics approach to explore the underlying carbon metabolism in glucose-grown pseudomonas putida kt2440. compared to fe-replete cells, fe-limited cells exhibited a sixfold reduction in growth rate but the glucose uptake rate was only halved, implying an imbalan ... | 2015 | 26377487 |
| bypasses in intracellular glucose metabolism in iron-limited pseudomonas putida. | decreased biomass growth in iron (fe)-limited pseudomonas is generally attributed to downregulated expression of fe-requiring proteins accompanied by an increase in siderophore biosynthesis. here, we applied a stable isotope-assisted metabolomics approach to explore the underlying carbon metabolism in glucose-grown pseudomonas putida kt2440. compared to fe-replete cells, fe-limited cells exhibited a sixfold reduction in growth rate but the glucose uptake rate was only halved, implying an imbalan ... | 2015 | 26377487 |
| understanding the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions across scales. | predicting the emergence, spread and evolution of parasites within and among host populations requires insight to both the spatial and temporal scales of adaptation, including an understanding of within-host up through community-level dynamics. although there are very few pathosystems for which such extensive data exist, there has been a recent push to integrate studies performed over multiple scales or to simultaneously test for dynamics occurring across scales. drawing on examples from the lit ... | 2015 | 27087838 |
| understanding the ecology and evolution of host-parasite interactions across scales. | predicting the emergence, spread and evolution of parasites within and among host populations requires insight to both the spatial and temporal scales of adaptation, including an understanding of within-host up through community-level dynamics. although there are very few pathosystems for which such extensive data exist, there has been a recent push to integrate studies performed over multiple scales or to simultaneously test for dynamics occurring across scales. drawing on examples from the lit ... | 2015 | 27087838 |
| the dynamics of apoplast phenolics in tobacco leaves following inoculation with bacteria. | this study demonstrates that the accumulation of apoplastic phenolics is stimulated in planta in response to bacterial inoculation. past studies have shown that levels of extracellular phenolics are elicited in plant cell suspensions in response to bacteria, and that tomato plants infected with viroids showed changes in apoplastic phenolics. the method described here monitored changes in apoplastic phenolics in tobacco leaves following bacterial inoculation of the same tissue. inoculation with a ... | 2015 | 26347765 |
| antimicrobial resistance of pseudomonas spp. isolated from wastewater and wastewater-impacted marine coastal zone. | in this study, species distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of cultivated pseudomonas spp. were studied in influent (inf), effluent (eff), and marine outfall (mout) of wastewater treatment plant (wwtp). the susceptibility was tested against 8 antimicrobial classes, active against pseudomonas spp.: aminoglycosides, carbapenems, broad-spectrum cephalosporins from the 3rd and 4th generation, extended-spectrum penicillins, as well as their combination with the β-lactamase inhibitors, monoba ... | 2015 | 26286796 |
| evolutionary patchwork of an insecticidal toxin shared between plant-associated pseudomonads and the insect pathogens photorhabdus and xenorhabdus. | root-colonizing fluorescent pseudomonads are known for their excellent abilities to protect plants against soil-borne fungal pathogens. some of these bacteria produce an insecticidal toxin (fit) suggesting that they may exploit insect hosts as a secondary niche. however, the ecological relevance of insect toxicity and the mechanisms driving the evolution of toxin production remain puzzling. | 2015 | 26275815 |
| bacterial rotary export atpases are allosterically regulated by the nucleotide second messenger cyclic-di-gmp. | the widespread second messenger molecule cyclic di-gmp (cdg) regulates the transition from motile and virulent lifestyles to sessile, biofilm-forming ones in a wide range of bacteria. many pathogenic and commensal bacterial-host interactions are known to be controlled by cdg signaling. although the biochemistry of cyclic dinucleotide metabolism is well understood, much remains to be discovered about the downstream signaling pathways that induce bacterial responses upon cdg binding. as part of ou ... | 2015 | 26265469 |