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the subgingival microbiome in health and periodontitis and its relationship with community biomass and inflammation.the goals of this study were to better understand the ecology of oral subgingival communities in health and periodontitis and elucidate the relationship between inflammation and the subgingival microbiome. accordingly, we used 454-pyrosequencing of 16s rrna gene libraries and quantitative pcr to characterize the subgingival microbiome of 22 subjects with chronic periodontitis. each subject was sampled at two sites with similar periodontal destruction but differing in the presence of bleeding, a ...201323303375
does propolis help to maintain oral health?propolis, known also as bee glue, is a wax-cum-resin substance which is created out of a mix of buds from some trees with the substance secreted from bee's glands. its diverse chemical content is responsible for its many precious salubrious properties. it was used in medicine already in ancient egypt. its multiple applications during the centuries have been studied and described in details. the purpose of this study is to present the possible use of propolis in treatment of various diseases of o ...201323365605
association between selected oral pathogens and gastric precancerous lesions.we examined whether colonization of selected oral pathogens is associated with gastric precancerous lesions in a cross-sectional study. a total of 119 participants were included, of which 37 were cases of chronic atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, or dysplasia. an oral examination was performed to measure periodontal indices. plaque and saliva samples were tested with real-time quantitative pcr for dna levels of pathogens related to periodontal disease (porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerel ...201323308100
periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus.periodontal disease (pd) is one of the most commonly known human chronic disorders. the relationship between pd and several systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus (dm) has been increasingly recognized over the past decades.201323559105
comparative evaluation of locally delivered minocycline and metronidazole in the treatment of periodontitis.the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of subgingivally delivered minocycline microspheres and 25% metronidazole gel when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp) in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.201323853452
halitosis: from diagnosis to management.halitosis is formed by volatile molecules which are caused because of pathological or nonpathological reasons and it originates from an oral or a non-oral source. it is very common in general population and nearly more than 50% of the general population have halitosis. although halitosis has multifactorial origins, the source of 90% cases is oral cavity such as poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease, tongue coat, food impaction, unclean dentures, faulty restorations, oral carcinomas, and throat ...201323633830
treponema diversity in root canals with endodontic failure.this study sought to investigate the prevalence of eight oral treponemas (treponema denticola, t. amylovorum, t. maltophilum, t. medium, t. pectinovorum, t. socranskii, t. vicentii and t. lecithinolyticum) in teeth with endodontic treatment failure and periapical lesion.201323408792
type i pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent enzymatic domains embedded within multimodular nonribosomal peptide synthetase and polyketide synthase assembly lines.pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp)-dependent enzymes of fold type i, the most studied structural class of the plp-dependent enzyme superfamily, are known to exist as stand-alone homodimers or homotetramers. these enzymes have been found also embedded in multimodular and multidomain assembly lines involved in the biosynthesis of polyketides (pks) and nonribosomal peptides (nrps). the aim of this work is to provide a proteome-wide view of the distribution and characteristics of type i domains covalently ...201324148833
the gain and loss of chromosomal integron systems in the treponema species.integron systems are now recognized as important agents of bacterial evolution and are prevalent in most environments. one of the human pathogens known to harbor chromosomal integrons, the treponema spirochetes are the only clade among spirochete species found to carry integrons. with the recent release of many new treponema genomes, we were able to study the distribution of chromosomal integrons in this genus.201323339550
the unique hmuy gene sequence as a specific marker of porphyromonas gingivalis.porphyromonas gingivalis, a major etiological agent of chronic periodontitis, acquires heme from host hemoproteins using the hmuy hemophore. the aim of this study was to develop a specific p. gingivalis marker based on a hmuy gene sequence. subgingival samples were collected from 66 patients with chronic periodontitis and 40 healthy subjects and the entire hmuy gene was analyzed in positive samples. phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that both the amino acid sequence of the hmuy protein and the ...201323844074
effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on periodontally infected tooth sockets in rats.the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) in alveolar treatment of areas with induced periodontitis. thirty male wistar rats were subjected to ligature-induced periodontal disease (pd) in the first left inferior molars, while the right side molars did not receive ligatures. after 7 days of pd evolution, ligatures were removed from the left side, and the first left and right mandibular molars were extracted. afterwards, anim ...201323912780
periplasmic flagellar export apparatus protein, flih, is involved in post-transcriptional regulation of flab, motility and virulence of the relapsing fever spirochete borrelia hermsii.spirochetes are bacteria characterized in part by rotating periplasmic flagella that impart their helical or flat-wave morphology and motility. while most other bacteria rely on a transcriptional cascade to regulate the expression of motility genes, spirochetes employ post-transcriptional mechanism(s) that are only partially known. in the present study, we characterize a spontaneous non-motile mutant of the relapsing fever spirochete borrelia hermsii that was straight, non-motile and deficient i ...201324009690
eubacterial spovg homologs constitute a new family of site-specific dna-binding proteins.a site-specific dna-binding protein was purified from borrelia burgdorferi cytoplasmic extracts, and determined to be a member of the highly conserved spovg family. this is the first time a function has been attributed to any of these ubiquitous bacterial proteins. further investigations into spovg orthologues indicated that the staphylococcus aureus protein also binds dna, but interacts preferentially with a distinct nucleic acid sequence. site-directed mutagenesis and domain swapping between t ...201323818957
sequence divergence in the treponema denticola fhbb protein and its impact on factor h binding.treponema denticola is an anaerobic spirochete whose abundance in the subgingival crevice correlates with the development and severity of periodontal disease. the ability of t. denticola to survive and thrive in the hostile environment of the periodontal pocket is due, at least in part, to its ability to bind factor h (fh), a negative regulator of the alternative complement pathway. the fh binding protein of t. denticola has been identified as fhbb and its atomic structure has been determined. t ...201323601078
porphyromonas gingivalis outer membrane vesicles mediate coaggregation and piggybacking of treponema denticola and lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum.porphyromonas gingivalis sheds outer membrane vesicles that contain several virulence factors, including adhesins. in this study, we investigated the ability of p. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles to mediate the coaggregation and piggybacking of treponema denticola and lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum. marked coaggregation between t. denticola and l. saburreum occurred in the presence of p. gingivalis outer membrane vesicles. sucrose was an effective chemoattractant for the motile species t. dent ...201323365576
sequence, biophysical, and structural analyses of the psts lipoprotein (bb0215) from borrelia burgdorferi reveal a likely binding component of an abc-type phosphate transporter.the lyme disease agent borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted via a tick vector, is dependent on its tick and mammalian hosts for a number of essential nutrients. like other bacterial diderms, it must transport these biochemicals from the extracellular milieu across two membranes, ultimately to the b. burgdorferi cytoplasm. in the current study, we established that a gene cluster comprising genes bb0215 through bb0218 is cotranscribed and is therefore an operon. sequence analysis of these pr ...201324318969
sequence, biophysical, and structural analyses of the psts lipoprotein (bb0215) from borrelia burgdorferi reveal a likely binding component of an abc-type phosphate transporter.the lyme disease agent borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted via a tick vector, is dependent on its tick and mammalian hosts for a number of essential nutrients. like other bacterial diderms, it must transport these biochemicals from the extracellular milieu across two membranes, ultimately to the b. burgdorferi cytoplasm. in the current study, we established that a gene cluster comprising genes bb0215 through bb0218 is cotranscribed and is therefore an operon. sequence analysis of these pr ...201324318969
viscous dynamics of lyme disease and syphilis spirochetes reveal flagellar torque and drag.the spirochetes that cause lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi) and syphilis (treponema pallidum) swim through viscous fluids, such as blood and interstitial fluid, by undulating their bodies as traveling, planar waves. these undulations are driven by rotation of the flagella within the periplasmic space, the narrow (∼20-40 nm in width) compartment between the inner and outer membranes. we show here that the swimming speeds of b. burgdorferi and t. pallidum decrease with increases in viscosity of ...201324268139
use of nonelectrolytes reveals the channel size and oligomeric constitution of the borrelia burgdorferi p66 porin.in the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi, the outer membrane protein p66 is capable of pore formation with an atypical high single-channel conductance of 11 ns in 1 m kcl, which suggested that it could have a larger diameter than 'normal' gram-negative bacterial porins. we studied the diameter of the p66 channel by analyzing its single-channel conductance in black lipid bilayers in the presence of different nonelectrolytes with known hydrodynamic radii. we calculated the filling of th ...201324223145
nlrp3 inflammasome and host protection against bacterial infection.the inflammasome is a multi-protein complex that induces maturation of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (il)-1β and il-18 through activation of caspase-1. several nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family members, including nlrp3, recognize unique microbial and danger components and play a central role in inflammasome activation. the nlrp3 inflammasome is critical for maintenance of homeostasis against pathogenic infections. however, inflammasome activation acts as a doubl ...201324133343
inactivation of cyclic di-gmp binding protein tde0214 affects the motility, biofilm formation, and virulence of treponema denticola.as a ubiquitous second messenger, cyclic dimeric gmp (c-di-gmp) has been studied in numerous bacteria. the oral spirochete treponema denticola, a periodontal pathogen associated with human periodontitis, has a complex c-di-gmp signaling network. however, its function remains unexplored. in this report, a pilz-like c-di-gmp binding protein (tde0214) was studied to investigate the role of c-di-gmp in the spirochete. tde0214 harbors a pilz domain with two signature motifs: rxxxr and dxsxxg. biochem ...201323794624
porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola synergistic polymicrobial biofilm development.chronic periodontitis has a polymicrobial biofilm aetiology and interactions between key bacterial species are strongly implicated as contributing to disease progression. porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia have all been implicated as playing roles in disease progression. p. gingivalis cell-surface-located protease/adhesins, the gingipains, have been suggested to be involved in its interactions with several other bacterial species. the aims of this study were t ...201323990979
manganese and zinc regulate virulence determinants in borrelia burgdorferi.borrelia burgdorferi, the causative agent of lyme disease, must adapt to two diverse niches, an arthropod vector and a mammalian host. rpos, an alternative sigma factor, plays a central role in spirochetal adaptation to the mammalian host by governing expression of many genes important for mammalian infection. b. burgdorferi is known to be unique in metal utilization, and little is known of the role of biologically available metals in b. burgdorferi. here, we identified two transition metal ions ...201323690398
a phylogenomic and molecular signature based approach for characterization of the phylum spirochaetes and its major clades: proposal for a taxonomic revision of the phylum.the spirochaetes species cause many important diseases including syphilis and lyme disease. except for their containing a distinctive endoflagella, no other molecular or biochemical characteristics are presently known that are specific for either all spirochaetes or its different families. we report detailed comparative and phylogenomic analyses of protein sequences from spirochaetes genomes to understand their evolutionary relationships and to identify molecular signatures for this group. these ...201323908650
improved culture conditions for the growth and detection of borrelia from human serum.in this report we present a method to cultivate borrelia spirochetes from human serum samples with high efficiency. this method incorporates improved sample collection, optimization of culture media and use of matrix protein. the method was first optimized utilizing borrelia laboratory strains, and later by demonstrating growth of borrelia from sera from fifty seropositive lyme disease patients followed by another cohort of 72 lyme disease patients, all of whom satisfied the strict cdc surveilla ...201323470960
evidence for an abc-type riboflavin transporter system in pathogenic spirochetes.bacterial transporter proteins are involved in the translocation of many essential nutrients and metabolites. however, many of these key bacterial transport systems remain to be identified, including those involved in the transport of riboflavin (vitamin b(2)). pathogenic spirochetes lack riboflavin biosynthetic pathways, implying reliance on obtaining riboflavin from their hosts. using structural and functional characterizations of possible ligand-binding components, we have identified an abc-t ...201323404400
structure of rrn operons in pathogenic non-cultivable treponemes: sequence but not genomic position of intergenic spacers correlates with classification of treponema pallidum and treponema paraluiscuniculi strains.this study examined the sequences of the two rrna (rrn) operons of pathogenic non-cultivable treponemes, comprising 11 strains of t. pallidum ssp. pallidum (tpa), five strains of t. pallidum ssp. pertenue (tpe), two strains of t. pallidum ssp. endemicum (ten), a simian fribourg-blanc strain and a rabbit t. paraluiscuniculi (tpc) strain. pcr was used to determine the type of 16s-23s ribosomal intergenic spacers in the rrn operons from 30 clinical samples belonging to five different genotypes. whe ...201323082031
association of spirochetal infection with morgellons disease.morgellons disease (md) is an emerging multisystem illness characterized by skin lesions with unusual filaments embedded in or projecting from epithelial tissue. filament formation results from abnormal keratin and collagen expression by epithelial-based keratinocytes and fibroblasts. recent research comparing md to bovine digital dermatitis, an animal infectious disease with similar skin features, provided clues that spirochetal infection could play an important role in the human disease as it ...201324715950
porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola and toll-like receptor 2 are associated with hypertensive disorders in placental tissue: a case-control study.to explore the associations between the presence of periodontal pathogens and the expression of toll-like receptors (tlr-2 and tlr-4) in the placental tissue of patients with hypertensive disorders compared to the placentas of healthy normotensive patients.201323711357
characterization of periodontal biofilm in down syndrome patients: a comparative study.the aim of this study was to characterize the main periodontal bacterial species in down syndrome (ds) patients with and without periodontitis.201323855174
quantification of key periodontal pathogens in insulin-dependent type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic patients with generalized chronic periodontitis.periodontitis is a common problem in patients with diabetes mellitus (dm), however, differences in the putative periodontal pathogens in subjects with dm compared to non-dm subjects are still inconclusive. the red complex, which includes porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia, encompasses the most important pathogens in adult periodontal disease. the aim of the present study was to compare cell numbers of p. gingivalis, t. denticola, t. forsythia and aggregatibac ...201323827459
the connection between ruptured cerebral aneurysms and odontogenic bacteria.patients with ruptured saccular intracranial aneurysms have excess long-term mortality due to cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases compared with general population. chronic inflammation is detected in ruptured intracranial aneurysms, abdominal aortic aneurysms and coronary artery plaques. bacterial infections have been suggested to have a role in the aetiology of atherosclerosis. bacteria have been detected both in abdominal and coronary arteries but their presence in intracranial aneurys ...201323761916
salivary detection of periodontopathic bacteria in fanconi's anemia patients.fanconi's anemia (fa) is characterized by bone marrow failure and can lead to infections such as periodontal disease. the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of four periodontopathic bacteria including aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, fusobacterium nucleatum and treponema denticola in saliva samples from children with and without fa. paraffin-stimulated saliva samples were collected from 71 children and adolescents, aged 6-18 years old. the samples wer ...201324055631
detection of putative periodontopathic bacteria in type 1 diabetic and healthy children: a comparative study.the aim of this study was to compare and assess the risk of periodontitis due to the presence of four putative periodontopathic bacteria (porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, tannerella forsythia, and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) in type 1 diabetic and healthy children.201324025882
subgingival aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans associates with the risk of coronary artery disease.we investigated the association between angiographically verified coronary artery disease (cad) and subgingival aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola.201323521427
subgingival bacterial burden in relation to clinical and radiographic periodontal parameters.this cross-sectional study characterizes the association between subgingival bacterial profile and periodontal parameters in patients assigned to coronary angiography because of cardiologic problems, which may affect the oral microbiota.201323489235
a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study on the clinical and microbial effects of an essential oil mouth rinse used by patients in supportive periodontal care.this 3-month double-blind randomized placebo-controlled study evaluated the clinical and microbial effects of an essential oil mouth rinse used as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control by patients in supportive periodontal care.201322998386
frequency of periodontal pathogens in equivalent peri-implant and periodontal clinical statuses.this study tested the hypotheses that there is: (1) higher bacterial frequency in peri-implantitis/periodontitis, followed by mucositis/gingivitis and peri-implant/periodontal health; (2) similar bacterial frequency between comparable peri-implant and periodontal clinical statuses.201323127822
prevalence of periodontal pathogens and metabolic control of type 1 diabetes patients.the aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of periodontal pathogens aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia and treponema denticola in subgingival plaque collected at different probing depths of type 1 diabetes patients with periodontal disease in correlation to metabolic control.201323413629
the anti-phospholipid antibody-dependent and independent effects of periodontopathic bacteria on threatened preterm labor and preterm birth.periodontal disease is considered to be a risk factor for threatened preterm labor (tpl) and preterm birth (pb), but pathogenic mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. we hypothesized that infection with periodontopathic bacteria may enhance thrombosis through molecular mimicry with tlrvyk peptides on beta-2 glycoprotein i, a target molecule in anti-phospholipid syndrome. this study aimed to examine the effects of periodontitis on tpl and pb.201323400354
influence of periodontal status and periodontopathogens on levels of oral human β-defensin-2 in saliva.expression patterns of human β-defensin-2 (hbd-2) mrna or hbd-2 protein concentration and periodontal diseases have been a focus of scientific research. this study compares the salivary levels of hbd-2 protein concentration of healthy patients and patients with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis (cp) and correlates these levels with the presence of periodontopathogens.201323173827
detection of oral bacterial dna in synovial fluid.as periodontal bacteria might be involved in the aetiology of rheumatic diseases, we analysed synovial fluid obtained from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and controls for the presence of dna of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola.201323534379
hyaluronic acid as an adjunct after scaling and root planing: a prospective randomized clinical trial.the study is designed to determine the effect on clinical variables, subgingival bacteria, and local immune response brought about by application of hyaluronan-containing gels in early wound healing after scaling and root planing (srp).201323088524
subgingival microflora in inflammatory bowel disease patients with untreated periodontitis.to analyze the subgingival microflora composition of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) patients with untreated chronic periodontitis and compare them with systemically healthy controls also having untreated chronic periodontitis.201323060013
peripheral arterial disease associated with caries and periodontal disease.peripheral arterial disease (pad) is an important cardiovascular disorder of the peripheral arteries. chronic infections, such as periodontitis, may play an important role in the etiology and pathophysiology of pad and other cardiovascular conditions. recently, streptococcus mutans has been found with high frequency in atheromatous plaques. the aim of this study is to evaluate the possible clinical and microbiologic association between pad and periodontitis and dental caries.201322680302
clinical and microbiological parameters in patients with self-ligating and conventional brackets during early phase of orthodontic treatment.to determine the effect of different bracket designs (conventional brackets and self-ligating brackets) on periodontal clinical parameters and periodontal pathogens in subgingival plaque.201322765511
oral microbiota in swiss adolescents.the purpose of the study was to determine the prevalence of different oral microbes in gingival plaque samples and in samples from the dorsum of the tongue in a swiss adolescent population.201322371122
butyrate production in engineered escherichia coli with synthetic scaffolds.butyrate pathway was constructed in recombinant escherichia coli using the genes from clostridium acetobutylicum and treponema denticola. however, the pathway constructed from exogenous enzymes did not efficiently convert carbon flux to butyrate. three steps of the productivity enhancement were attempted in this study. first, pathway engineering to delete metabolic pathways to by-products successfully improved the butyrate production. second, synthetic scaffold protein that spatially co-localize ...201323568786
[analysis of antimicrobial effect of mtad solution in infected root canal system using pcr technique].clinically acceptable antiseptic should possess organolithic-mineralolithic properties and antimicrobial efficacy, and should be non-toxic.201323745336
long-term follow-up of turned single implants placed in periodontally healthy patients after 16 to 22 years: microbiologic outcome.survival rates in implant dentistry today are high, although late failures do occur for many reasons, including peri-implant infections. the primary objective of this study is to investigate microbiota around single turned implants after 16 to 22 years. secondary objectives are to compare teeth and implants and to correlate microbiologic, radiographic, and clinical parameters.201322934839
an investigation of the presence of specific anaerobic species in necrotic primary teeth.different microbial identification methods have shown that the microbial community profiles in endodontic infections are diverse and assorted. the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of selected endodontic pathogens in the pulp chambers (pcs) and root canals (rcs) of infected primary teeth using pcr methods. paired pc and rc samples were collected from 15 subjects and analyzed by pcr for the presence of filifactor alocis, fusobacterium nucleatum, parvimonas micra, porphyromonas endod ...201323538426
a periodontal pathogen treponema denticola hijacks the fusobacterium nucleatum-driven host response.periodontitis is a polymicrobial disease that arises from the dysbiosis of the plaque biofilm. to study polymicrobial interactions with gingival epithelial cells, the oral commensal fusobacterium nucleatum and the periodontal pathogen treponema denticola were chosen due to their opposing effects on the expression of human beta-defensins (hbds) and interleukin (il)-8 in gingival epithelial cells. immortalized gingival epithelial hok-16b cells were infected with either f. nucleatum or t. denticola ...201323897119
clinical and microbiological results following nonsurgical periodontal therapy with or without local administration of piperacillin/tazobactam.we assessed if adjunct administration of piperacillin/tazobactam added clinical and microbiological treatment benefits.201323334268
presence of oral bacterial species in primary endodontic infections of primary teeth.knowledge of the microbial composition of deciduous endodontic infections is limited. this study aimed to evaluate the presence of the 10 oral bacterial species in samples from primary tooth root canals by using microarray technology and to determine the association of these organisms with clinical conditions.201324683780
pathogen levels and clinical response to periodontal treatment in patients with interleukin 8 haplotypes.the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of non-surgical treatment of periodontitis on the levels of periodontopathogens and clinical parameters in patients with different genetic backgrounds produced by polymorphisms in the interleukin ( il8) gene. thirty patients grouped according to il8 atc/ttc or agt/ttc haplotypes were submitted to non-surgical periodontal treatment. levels of porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola were determined in 240 subgingiv ...201323821559
[detection of periodontal pathogens from saliva of type 2 diabetic patients in urban area of beijing].to investigate the prevalence of periodontal pathogens from saliva of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm), and to characterize the association between the glucose status and periodontal pathogens in oral cavity.201323751528
periodontopathogens levels and clinical response to periodontal therapy in individuals with the interleukin-4 haplotype associated with susceptibility to chronic periodontitis.periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that results from an interaction between dental biofilm agents and the host immune-inflammatory response. periodontopathogenic organisms, such as porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola, as well as the host's susceptibility, represented by the host's genetic makeup, are the key factors that influence this complex disease. recently, we identified haplotypes in the il4 gene that were associated with chronic periodontitis (cp) ...201323748736
clinical, microbiologic, and host response characteristics in patients with peri-implant mucositis.to analyze the clinical, microbiologic, and host response characteristics (interleukins 1β and 6) in the peri-implant sulcus fluid (pisf) of patients with healthy dental implants and with peri-implant mucositis.201323748323
[relationships of five periodontal pathogens causing subgingival plaque in patients with chronic periodontitis under different periodontal conditions].this study aimed to assess the relationship between the distributions of haemophilus aggregatibacter (h. aggregatibacter ), porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis ), prevotella intermedia (p. intermedia), tannerella forsythensis (t. forsythensis), and treponema denticola (t. denticola) in subgingival plaque and different periodontal conditions of chronic periodontitis.201324298807
determining the presence of periodontopathic virulence factors in short-term postmortem alzheimer's disease brain tissue.the aim of this study was to establish a link between periodontal disease and alzheimer's disease (ad) with a view to identifying the major periodontal disease bacteria (treponema denticola, tannerella forsythia, and porphyromonas gingivalis) and/or bacterial components in brain tissue from 12 h postmortem delay. our request matched 10 ad cases for tissue from brains for dementia research alongside 10 non-ad age-related controls with similar or greater postmortem interval. we exposed svgp12, an ...201323666172
association between il8 haplotypes and pathogen levels in chronic periodontitis.chronic periodontitis (cp) is considered to be a multifactorial disease influenced by microbial and genetic factors. the aim of the present study was to investigate whether the genetic susceptibility to cp in individuals with the il8 atc/ttc haplotype is associated with subgingival levels of periodontopathogens. sixty-five individuals, grouped according to the presence (n = 28) or absence (n = 37) of the il8 haplotype, were evaluated. after clinical periodontal evaluation, each group was subdivi ...201323660697
interleukin-10 gene promoter polymorphisms are associated with cyclosporin a-induced gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients.interleukin-10 (il-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine whose genetic polymorphisms are associated with the production of il-10 and the susceptibility to periodontal diseases. the aim of this study was to investigate the possible association of il-10 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and cyclosporin a (csa)-induced gingival overgrowth (go) in renal transplant patients in a chinese population, taking into account subgingival microbiota as additional variables.201323643609
altered phenotype and function of dendritic cells in individuals with chronic periodontitis.to investigate the effects of periodontal bacterial lysates on maturation and function of mature monocyte-derived dendritic cells (m-mddcs) derived from individuals with chronic periodontitis (cp) or healthy periodontal tissue (hp).201323623310
[relationship between volatile fatty acids and porphyromonas gingivalis and treponema denticola in gingival crevicular fluids of patients with aggressive periodontitis].short chain fatty acids (scfas), such as succinic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, etc. are metabolic product of putative periodontal pathogens, which play significant roles in periodontitis. the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between porphyromonas gingivalis (p. gingivalis), treponema denticola (t. denticola), and the concentration of scfas in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) of patients with aggressive periodontitis (agp).201323411512
treponema denticola improves adhesive capacities of porphyromonas gingivalis.porphyromonas gingivalis, an important etiological agent of periodontal disease, is frequently found associated with treponema denticola, an anaerobic spirochete, in pathogenic biofilms. however, interactions between these two bacteria are not well understood at the molecular level. in this study, we seek to link the influence of t. denticola on the expression of p. gingivalis proteases with its capacities to adhere and to form biofilms. the p. gingivalis genes encoding arg-gingipain a (rgpa), l ...201323194417
boric acid irrigation as an adjunct to mechanical periodontal therapy in patients with chronic periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial.the purpose of this single-masked, randomized, controlled clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of boric acid irrigation as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (srp) on clinical and microbiologic parameters and compare this method with chlorhexidine irrigation and srp alone in patients with chronic periodontitis (cp).201323121460
prediction of periodontopathic bacteria in dental plaque of periodontal healthy subjects by measurement of volatile sulfur compounds in mouth air.the aim of this study was to determine whether measurements of volatile sulfur compounds (vscs) are useful to predict colonization of periodontopathic bacteria. for this purpose, we assessed the relationships among distributions of 4 species of periodontopathic bacteria in tongue coating and dental plaque, oral conditions including vsc concentration in mouth air, and smoking habit of periodontal healthy young subjects.201323107050
the short-term treatment effects on the microbiota at the dorsum of the tongue in intra-oral halitosis patients--a randomized clinical trial.this study aims to assess the effects of rinsing with zinc- and chlorhexidine-containing mouth rinse with or without adjunct tongue scraping on volatile sulfur compounds (vscs) in breath air, and the microbiota at the dorsum of the tongue.201322573244
the sociodemographic characteristics, periodontal health status, and subgingival microbiota of patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study in a chinese population.in china, chronic periodontitis (cp) is common in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm). the purpose of this study is to identify the sociodemographic characteristics associated with such patients and to assess the periodontal health status and subgingival microbiota of patients with cp and t2dm (t2dmcp) in the chinese population.201323030242
structures of trans-2-enoyl-coa reductases from clostridium acetobutylicum and treponema denticola: insights into the substrate specificity and the catalytic mechanism.ters (trans-2-enoyl-coa reductases; ec 1.3.1.44), which specifically catalyse the reduction of crotonyl-coa to butyryl-coa using nadh as cofactor, have recently been applied in the design of robust synthetic pathways to produce butan-1-ol as a biofuel. we report in the present paper the characterization of a cater (a ter homologue in clostridium acetobutylicum), the structures of cater in apo form and in complexes with nadh and nad+, and the structure of tdter (treponema denticola ter) in comple ...201323050861
autoinducer 2 of fusobacterium nucleatum as a target molecule to inhibit biofilm formation of periodontopathogens.periodontitis is initiated by bacteria in subgingival biofilms, which are composed mostly of gram-negative anaerobes. autoinducer 2 (ai-2) is a universal quorum sensing (qs) molecule that mediates intergeneric signalling in multispecies bacterial communities and may induce biofilm formation. as fusobacterium nucleatum is the major coaggregation bridge organism that links early colonising commensals and late pathogenic colonisers in dental biofilms via the accretion of periodontopathogens, we hyp ...201322633049
the relationship between turbidity of mouth-rinsed water and oral health status.the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between turbidity of mouth rinsed water and oral health status such as dental and periodontal conditions, oral hygiene status, flow rate of saliva and oral bacteria.201322339260
biochemical and structural characterization of the trans-enoyl-coa reductase from treponema denticola.the production of fatty acids is an important cellular pathway for both cellular function and the development of engineered pathways for the synthesis of advanced biofuels. despite the conserved reaction chemistry of various fatty acid synthase systems, the individual isozymes that catalyze these steps are quite diverse in their structural and biochemical features and are important for controlling differences at the cellular level. one of the key steps in the fatty acid elongation cycle is the e ...201222906002
growth curves and morphology of three treponema subtypes isolated from digital dermatitis in cattle.digital dermatitis (dd) is an infectious claw disease of cattle that causes painful lesions, principally along the coronary band of the claws. in the us alone, the estimated economic impact of dd is estimated to be $190 million. the etiology of dd remains unclear and there is no reliable laboratory test, so dd is most often diagnosed clinically. spirochetal bacteria of the genera treponema have been implicated in dd infections following their isolation using culture techniques, serological detec ...201222901455
identification of four treponema species in subgingival samples by nested-pcr and their correlation with clinical diagnosis.the relationship between different species of oral treponemas and inflammation in periodontal disease progression is complex. the purpose of this study was to analyze and compare the subgingival plaque samples collected from periodontally healthy subjects and from chronic gingivitis and periodontitis patients in order to detect the presence of t. denticola, t. pectinovorum, t. socranskii and t. vincentii using nested-pcr technology. after dna extraction from the samples using qiamp dna mini kit ...201222838219
integrin α5β1 activates the nlrp3 inflammasome by direct interaction with a bacterial surface protein.integrins are cell-surface heterodimeric glycoproteins composed of alpha and beta subunits that mediate cell-cell, cell-extracellular matrix, and cell-pathogen interactions. in this study, we report a specific role of integrin α5β1 in nlrp3 inflammasome activation in macrophages stimulated by td92, a surface protein of the periodontopathogen, treponema denticola. the direct interaction of td92 with the cell membrane integrin α5β1 resulted in atp release and k(+) efflux, which are the main events ...201222608495
identification of treponema denticola in subgingival samples by pcr technology and its correlation with clinical diagnosis.treponema denticola has been associated with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis. the aim of this study was to identify treponema denticola in subgingival samples using pcr technology and to correlate it with clinical diagnosis of subjects. the study was carried out on seventy patients (20-84 years of age; mean age, 45.06 +/- 12.58) of which 22 individuals with no detectable gingivitis or periodontitis, 4 subjects with chronic gingivitis and 44 subjects with chronic periodontitis. subgingival p ...201222568260
the fate of treponema denticola within human gingival epithelial cells.treponema denticola is one of the major pathogens associated with chronic periodontitis. bacterial invasion into gingival tissues is a critical process in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. we recently reported that t. denticola can invade gingival epithelial cells. the aim of this study is to determine the fate of internalized t. denticola in gingival epithelial cells. immortalized human gingival epithelial hok-16b cells were infected with 5- (and 6-) carboxy-fluorescein diacetate succini ...201223134612
structural insights into catalysis by βc-s lyase from streptococcus anginosus.hydrogen sulfide (h(2)s) is a causative agent of oral malodor and may play an important role in the pathogenicity of oral bacteria such as streptococcus anginosus. in this microorganism, h(2)s production is associated with βc-s lyase (lcd) encoded by lcd gene, which is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp)-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the α,β-elimination of sulfur-containing amino acids. when lcd acts on l-cysteine, h(2)s is produced along with pyruvate and ammonia. to understand the h(2)s-producing ...201222674431
[relationship between the preterm low birth weight infant and the periodontal pathogen bacteria in maternal saliva].to investigate the possible relationship between the preterm and/or low birth weight (plbw) and three anaerobic microorganisms in saliva of their mothers, including porphyromonas gingivalis (pg), tannerella forsythia (tf), treponema denticola (td).201222353895
differential proteomic analysis of a polymicrobial biofilm.porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia exist in a polymicrobial biofilm associated with chronic periodontitis. the aim of this study was to culture these three species as a polymicrobial biofilm and to determine proteins important for bacterial interactions. in a flow cell all three species attached and grew as a biofilm; however, after 90 h of culture p. gingivalis and t. denticola were closely associated and dominated the polymicrobial biofilm. for comparison, ...201222808953
effects of systemic sitafloxacin on periodontal infection control in elderly patients.to evaluate the microbiological and clinical effects of the systemic administration of sitafloxacin (stfx) on periodontal pockets in elderly patients receiving supportive periodontal therapy (spt).201222616908
comparison of endotoxin levels found in primary and secondary endodontic infections.this clinical study was conducted to compare the levels of endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides [lpss]) found in primary and secondary endodontic infections with apical periodontitis by correlating lps contents with clinical/radiographic findings. in addition, the presence of target gram-negative anaerobic bacteria was also investigated.201222794210
anaerobic and microaerophilic pathogens in the biofilm formation on voice prostheses: a pilot study.voice rehabilitation with voice prostheses is a standard therapy in laryngectomized patients. biofilm formation on the surface of the voice prostheses causes device failure and requires frequent replacements. studies analyzing the biofilm of voice prostheses have mainly focused on aerobic bacteria. anaerobic bacteria as an integral part of the biofilms on voice prostheses have not been investigated yet.201222374743
molecular analysis of 16s rrna genes identifies potentially periodontal pathogenic bacteria and archaea in the plaque of partially erupted third molars.small subunit rrna sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were used to identify cultivable and uncultivable microorganisms present in the dental plaque of symptomatic and asymptomatic partially erupted third molars to determine the prevalence of putative periodontal pathogens in pericoronal sites.201222326171
[role of infectious agents in the emergence of malignant tumors].according to the data of the international agency for research on cancer (iarc), at least 6 virus species (hpv, ebv, hhv-8/kshv, htlv-1, hbv, hcv), 4 helminthes species (schistosoma haematobium and japonicum, opisthorchis viverrini, clonorchis sinensis) and i bacterium species (helicobacter pylori) have been proved to be capable of causing the development of cancer. the analysis of the data available shows that merkel cell polyomavirus (mcv), herpes simplex virus (hsv), john cunningham polyomavi ...201223163048
detection of periodontal bacteria in thrombi of patients with acute myocardial infarction by polymerase chain reaction.numerous reports have demonstrated that periodontal bacteria are present in plaques from atherosclerotic arteries. although periodontitis has recently been recognized as a risk factor for coronary artery disease, the direct relationship between periodontal bacteria and coronary artery disease has not yet been clarified. it has been suggested that these bacteria might contribute to inflammation and plaque instability. we assumed that if periodontal bacteria induce inflammation of plaque, the bact ...201222305832
[amalgam, composite and compomer: microbiological study].restorative materials have different consequences on the periodontium. the surface of these materials may influence gingival health and cause in some instances gingival inflammation. the purpose of this study was to investigate and compare, in a healthy periodontium, intracrevicular plaque bacteria (aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythensis and treponema denticola), at day 0 and at 6 months, around subgingivally located amalga ...201222715643
subgingival microbiota from cebus apella (capuchin monkey) with different periodontal conditions.this present study evaluated the subgingival microbiota of the cebus apella with different periodontal conditions kept by the tufted capuchin monkey procreation center (são paulo state university - unesp) or free-ranging monkeys. for this purpose, clinical specimens of subgingival biofilm were collected from 52 monkeys, of both genders, 40 kept in captivity and 12 free-ranging monkeys. the primates were submitted to periodontal evaluation and biofilm samples were transferred to vmga iii transpor ...201222710412
quantification of subgingival bacterial pathogens at different stages of periodontal diseases.anaerobic gram-negative oral bacteria such as treponema denticola, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, campylobacter rectus, and fusobacterium nucleatum are closely associated with periodontal diseases. we measured the relative population (bacterial levels) of these oral pathogens in subgingival tissues of patients at different stages of korean chronic periodontal diseases. we divided the individuals into those with chronic gingivitis (g), moder ...201222526568
microbial profiles of patients seeking treatment for periodontitis. influence of origin, smoking and age?we assessed the potential influence of the origin, the smoking status and the age on subgingival microbial profiles of subjects seeking periodontal care in switzerland today.201222419513
distribution of periodontopathic bacterial species in dogs and their owners.presently, a large number of individuals consider their companion animals as family members and have close contact with them in daily life. the purpose of the present study was to analyze the distribution of periodontopathic bacterial species in oral specimens taken from dogs and their owners.201222417880
comparative evaluation of the effects of different photoablative laser irradiation protocols on the gingiva of periodontopathic patients.we aimed at quantifying the presence of periodontopathogens in gingival biopsies from periodontitis patients treated with different photoablative lasers (diode gaas, er:yag, nd:yag, and co(2) lasers) and histologically analyzing their effects on the gingiva.201222401128
screening for periodontopathogenic bacteria in severe chronic periodontitis in a moroccan population.bacteria play an important role in destructive periodontitis. the aim of this study was to screen for five highly pathogenic bacteria: aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola, in moroccan patients presenting with severe chronic periodontitis and to compare results with those of patients presenting with severe aggressive periodontitis.201223141872
possible translocation of periodontal pathogens into the lymph nodes draining the oral cavity.numerous publications have reported the presence of periodontopathogenic bacteria in peripheral and central vascular lesions. however, it is unclear how this bacterial translocation occurs. the objective of this study was to investigate whether periodontopathic bacteria are translocated to lymph nodes proximal to the oral cavity. obtaining lymph node samples is not ethically feasible unless they are excised as part of the surgical management of patients with cancer. this study analyzed formalin- ...201223124752
reduction of salivary arginine catabolic activity through periodontal therapy.salivary enzymes may be used to diagnose periodontal conditions. salivary arginase activity (saa) is related to susceptibility to bacterial infection. therefore, the aim of this controlled interventional study was to determine the saa before and after non-surgical periodontal therapy.201223041992
detection and enumeration of periodontopathogenic bacteria in subgingival biofilm of pregnant women.the aim of this study was to use the fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) technique to test the hypothesis of qualitative and quantitative differences of 8 periodontopathogens between pregnant and non-pregnant women. this cross-sectional study included 20 pregnant women in their second trimester of pregnancy and 20 non-pregnant women. probing depth, bleeding on probing, clinical attachment level, and presence of calculus were recorded. subgingival plaque samples were collected and the fish ...201223018230
quantification of periodontopathic bacteria in saliva using the invader assay.when quantifying periodontopathic bacteria, it is important to use a convenient method that does not produce false negative results. the invader assay is a convenient method because it does not involve gene amplification. the purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of the invader assay to quantify periodontopathic bacteria. the invader technology was applied in quantifying five periodontopathic bacteria (aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsy ...201222996215
do elderly edentulous patients with a history of periodontitis harbor periodontal pathogens?the presence of periodontal pathogens in the oral cavity may impact implant survival. therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of campylobacter rectus, porphyromonas gingivalis, aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, prevotella intermedia, tannerella forsythia, treponema denticola, eikenella corrodens, and parvimonas micra in a specific elderly population with a history of periodontitis who have never worn dentures.201222988660
adjunctive azithromycin in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis: microbiological findings of a 12-month randomized clinical trial.to compare the subgingival microbiological outcomes of azithromycin or placebo as adjuncts to scaling and root planing (srp) in the treatment of aggressive periodontitis (agp), and to secondarily evaluate the microbiological effect of supragingival scaling in agp patients.201222445846
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