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molecular detection of in-vivo microbial contamination of metallic orthodontic brackets by checkerboard dna-dna hybridization.knowing the microbiota that colonizes orthodontic appliances is important for planning strategies and implementing specific preventive measures during treatment. the purpose of this clinical trial was to evaluate in vivo the contamination of metallic orthodontic brackets with 40 dna probes for different bacterial species by using the checkerboard dna-dna hybridization (cddh) technique.201222196182
microbial profile of patients with periodontitis compared with healthy subjects.objective: to define and compare the microbiologic profile of subgingival plaque in german patients with periodontitis (including aggressive and advanced chronic periodontitis) and healthy subjects and to determine significant association between isolates and clinical status. aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, and tannerella forsythia are major periodontal pathogens, though it is recognized that other species may also contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontal di ...201222257880
Changes in Human Fecal Microbiota Due to Chemotherapy Analyzed by TaqMan-PCR, 454 Sequencing and PCR-DGGE Fingerprinting.We investigated whether chemotherapy with the presence or absence of antibiotics against different kinds of cancer changed the gastrointestinal microbiota.201122194876
polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of bacterial community structure in the food, intestines, and feces of earthworms.the bacterial communities in the food, intestines, and feces of earthworms were investigated by pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge). in this study, pcr-dgge was optimized by testing 6 universal primer sets for microbial 16s rrna in 6 pure culture strains of intestinal microbes in earthworms. one primer set effectively amplified 16s rrna from bacterial populations that were found in the food, intestines, and feces of earthworms. compared with the reference markers from the pure cul ...201121887635
bacterial leakage along the implant-abutment interface: culture and dna checkerboard hybridization analyses.objective: bacterial species have been found harboring the internal surface of dental implants as consequence of their failed connections. the aim of the present study was to compare the detection frequency of bacterial leakage from human saliva through the implant-abutment interface, under non-loading conditions, using either dna checkerboard or culture method. materials and methods: thirty dental implants with hexagonal platforms were connected to pre-machined abutments according to the manufa ...201122092990
Microbial community analysis and identification of alternative host-specific fecal indicators in fecal and river water samples using pyrosequencing.It is important to know the comprehensive microbial communities of fecal pollution sources and receiving water bodies for microbial source tracking. Pyrosequencing targeting the V1-V3 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene was used to investigate the characteristics of bacterial and Bacteroidales communities in major fecal sources and river waters. Diversity analysis indicated that cow feces had the highest diversities in the bacterial and Bacteroidales group followed by the pig sample, with ...201121887641
Comparative analysis of salivary bacterial microbiome diversity in edentulous infants and their mothers or primary care givers using pyrosequencing.Bacterial contribution to oral disease has been studied in young children, but there is a lack of data addressing the developmental perspective in edentulous infants. Our primary objectives were to use pyrosequencing to phylogenetically characterize the salivary bacterial microbiome of edentulous infants and to make comparisons against their mothers. Saliva samples were collected from 5 edentulous infants (mean age?=?4.6±1.2 mo old) and their mothers or primary care givers (mean age?=?30.8±9.5 y ...201121853142
target region selection is a critical determinant of community fingerprints generated by 16s pyrosequencing.pyrosequencing of 16s rrna genes allows for in-depth characterization of complex microbial communities. although it is known that primer selection can influence the profile of a community generated by sequencing, the extent and severity of this bias on deep-sequencing methodologies is not well elucidated. we tested the hypothesis that the hypervariable region targeted for sequencing and primer degeneracy play important roles in influencing the composition of 16s pyrotag communities. subgingival ...201121738596
Preliminary characterization of the oral microbiota of Chinese adults with and without gingivitis.ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Microbial communities inhabiting human mouth are associated with oral health and disease. Previous studies have indicated the general prevalence of adult gingivitis in China to be high. The aim of this study was to characterize in depth the oral microbiota of Chinese adults with or without gingivitis, by defining the microbial phylogenetic diversity and community-structure using highly paralleled pyrosequencing. METHODS: Six non-smoking Chinese, three with and three withou ...201122152152
Cross-sectional and longitudinal comparisons of the predominant fecal microbiota compositions of a group of pediatric patients with cystic fibrosis and their healthy siblings.Although only poorly documented, it can be assumed that intensive antibiotic treatments of chronic lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) also affect the diversity and metabolic functioning of the gastrointestinal microbiota and potentially lead to a state of dysbiosis. A better knowledge of the differences in gut microbiota composition and stability between patients with CF and healthy subjects could lead to optimization of current antibiotic therapies and/or development of add-o ...201121926193
Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease.Teles FR, Teles RP, Uzel NG, Song XQ, Torresyap G, Socransky SS, Haffajee AD. Early microbial succession in redeveloping dental biofilms in periodontal health and disease. J Periodont Res 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01409.x. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S Background and Objective: The development of dental biofilms after professional plaque removal is very rapid. However, it is not clear whether most bacterial species return at similar rates in periodontally healthy and periodontitis subj ...201121895662
profiling of dental plaque microflora on root caries lesions and the protein-denaturing activity of these bacteria.to profile plaque microflora on root-caries lesions, and to examine the protein-denaturing activity as a pilot study.201122165457
pyrosequencing-based analysis of the mucosal microbiota in healthy individuals reveals ubiquitous bacterial groups and micro-heterogeneity.this study used 16s rrna-based pyrosequencing to examine the microbial community that is closely associated with the colonic mucosa of five healthy individuals. spatial heterogeneity in microbiota was measured at right colon, left colon and rectum, and between biopsy duplicates spaced 1 cm apart. the data demonstrate that mucosal-associated microbiota is comprised of firmicutes (50.9% ± 21.3%), bacteroidetes (40.2% ± 23.8%) and proteobacteria (8.6%± 4.7%), and that interindividual differences we ...201121966408
evidence of a robust resident bacteriophage population revealed through analysis of the human salivary virome.viruses are the most abundant known infectious agents on the planet and are significant drivers of diversity in a variety of ecosystems. although there have been numerous studies of viral communities, few have focused on viruses within the indigenous human microbiota. we analyzed 2 267 695 virome reads from viral particles and compared them with 263 516 bacterial 16s rrna gene sequences from the saliva of five healthy human subjects over a 2- to 3-month period, in order to improve our understand ...201122158393
the subgingival microbiota of papillon-lefèvre syndrome.background: there is little information about the microbiological profiles of periodontal lesions in papillon-lefèvre syndrome (pls) and the significance of bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontitis in these patients. this comprehensive analysis of the subgingival microbiota in pls patients used 16s rrna clonal analysis and the 16s rrna-based human oral microbe identification microarray (homim). methods: thirteen pls patients, from 7 unrelated families, volunteered for this microbiological s ...201122141356
the effect of xylitol on the composition of the oral flora: a pilot study.our aim was to investigate the effect of short-term xylitol consumption on the microbial composition of plaque and saliva.201121311610
systems-level analysis of microbial community organization through combinatorial labeling and spectral imaging.microbes in nature frequently function as members of complex multitaxon communities, but the structural organization of these communities at the micrometer level is poorly understood because of limitations in labeling and imaging technology. we report here a combinatorial labeling strategy coupled with spectral image acquisition and analysis that greatly expands the number of fluorescent signatures distinguishable in a single image. as an imaging proof of principle, we first demonstrated visuali ...201121325608
use of 16s ribosomal rna gene analyses to characterize the bacterial signature associated with poor oral health in west virginia.west virginia has the worst oral health in the united states, but the reasons for this are unclear. this pilot study explored the etiology of this disparity using culture-independent analyses to identify bacterial species associated with oral disease.201121362199
analysis of the lung microbiome in the "healthy" smoker and in copd.although culture-independent techniques have shown that the lungs are not sterile, little is known about the lung microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd). we used pyrosequencing of 16s amplicons to analyze the lung microbiome in two ways: first, using bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) to sample the distal bronchi and air-spaces; and second, by examining multiple discrete tissue sites in the lungs of six subjects removed at the time of transplantation. we performed bal on three neve ...201121364979
clustering of subgingival microbial species in adolescents with periodontitis.it has become increasingly recognized that groups of microorganisms interact within the subgingival plaque of adult subjects with periodontitis. it is much less clear, however, whether the consortia of microorganisms associated with periodontitis are different in early and more advanced cases of periodontitis. to investigate this point further, subgingival plaque was collected from six sites in 87 adolescents with periodontitis and 73 controls and the samples were analyzed for the detection of 1 ...201121410554
multispecies communities: interspecies interactions influence growth on saliva as sole nutritional source.human oral bacteria live in multispecies communities in the biofilm called dental plaque. this review focuses on the interactions of seven species and the ability of each species individually and together with other species to grow on saliva as the sole source of nutrient. community formation in biofilms in flow cells is monitored using species-specific fluorophore-conjugated immunoglobulin g, and images are captured by confocal microscopy. early colonizing veillonellae emerge from this review o ...201121485308
microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development in the absence of oral hygiene in periodontal health and disease.uzel ng, teles fr, teles rp, song xq, torresyap g, socransky ss, haffajee ad. microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development in the absence of oral hygiene in periodontal health and disease. j clin peridontol 2011; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01730.x. abstract: aim: to monitor microbial shifts during dental biofilm re-development. materials and methods: supra- and subgingival plaque samples were taken separately from 28 teeth in 38 healthy and 17 periodontitis subjects at baseline and i ...201121488936
differential response of streptococcus mutans towards friend and foe in mixed species cultures.in the oral biofilm, the mitis streptococci are among the first group of organisms to colonize the tooth surface. their proliferation is thought to be an important factor required for antagonizing the growth of cariogenic species such as streptococcus mutans. in this study, we used a 3-species mixed culture to demonstrate that another ubiquitous early colonizing species, veillonella parvula, could greatly impact the competitive outcome of a pair of antagonists like s. mutans and s. gordonii. tra ...201121565931
anaerobic bacteria colonizing the lower airways in lung cancer patients.anaerobes comprise most of the endogenous oropharyngeal microflora, and can cause infections of airways in lung cancer patients who are at high risk for respiratory tract infections. the aim of this study was to determine the frequency and species diversity of anaerobes in specimens from the lower airways of lung cancer patients. sensitivity of the isolates to conventional antimicrobial agents used in anaerobe therapy was assessed. respiratory secretions obtained by bronchoscopy from 30 lung can ...201121744326
pyrosequencing-based molecular monitoring of the intestinal bacterial colonization in preterm infants.objectives:: to investigate the previously unexplored diversity of neonatal intestinal microbiota and monitor early intestinal colonization patterns in korean preterm infants using high-throughput pyrosequencing technology combined with 16s rdna- based molecular methods methods:: a total of 46,369 partial 16s rdna sequences obtained from 30 fecal samples serially taken from 10 very low birth weight preterm infants were analyzed. results:: a significant proportion of the molecular species (21.9%) ...201121734604
oral microbiome profiles: 16s rrna pyrosequencing and microarray assay comparison.the human oral microbiome is potentially related to diverse health conditions and high-throughput technology provides the possibility of surveying microbial community structure at high resolution. we compared two oral microbiome survey methods: broad-based microbiome identification by 16s rrna gene sequencing and targeted characterization of microbes by custom dna microarray.201121829515
detection of nine microorganisms from the initial carious root lesions using a taqman-based real-time pcr.oral diseases (2011) objective:  the purpose of this study was to quantify nine selected cariogenic bacteria in plaque from sound root surfaces and initial carious root lesions using taqman pcr and to analyse a putative dependence on the kind of initial periodontal treatment. material and methods:  fifty-four subjects with generalized chronic periodontitis were randomly allocated to one of the following initial periodontal therapies: full-mouth disinfection, full-mouth scaling and root planing o ...201121605286
enteral tube feeding alters the oral indigenous microbiota in elderly adults.enteral tube feeding is widely used to maintain nutrition for elderly adults with eating difficulties, but its long-term use alters the environment of the oral ecosystem. this study characterized the tongue microbiota of tube-fed elderly adults by analyzing the 16s rrna gene. the terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) profiles of 44 tube-fed subjects were compared with those of 54 subjects fed orally (average age 86.4 -¦ 6.9 years). barcoded pyrosequencing data were also obta ...201121821752
phenotypic identification of over 1000 isolates of anaerobic bacteria recovered between 1999 and 2008 in a major costa rican hospital.because of limitations in infrastructure, the aetiology of infections caused by anaerobic bacteria is seldom determined in clinical laboratories of developing countries. this study reports on the identification of 1010 anaerobic bacterial isolates collected between 1999 and 2008 in a major costa rican hospital with the use of two commercial phenotypic systems (rapid 32a and api 20a). approximately 60% of the isolates were gram-positive and, among the 35 species of gram-positive bacteria found, t ...201121722256
olsenella umbonata sp. nov., a microaerotolerant anaerobic lactic acid bacterium from the sheep rumen and pig jejunum, and emended descriptions of olsenella, olsenella uli and olsenella profusa.strain a2 is an anaerobic, variably gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, small and irregularly rod-shaped bacterium from the ruminal fluid of a sheep that has been described informally as a representative of 'olsenella (basonym atopobium) oviles'. three phenotypically similar bacterial strains (lac15, lac16 and lac31(t)) were isolated in concert with veillonella magna lac18(t) from the mucosal jejunum of a pig. a phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that strains a2, ...201120435744
activity of garenoxacin against 536 unusual anaerobes including 128 recovered from acute pelvic infections.garenoxacin, a des-(f)6-quinolone, was tested using the agar dilution method against 536 anaerobic bacteria, composed of 408 unusual strains from various sources and 128 pelvic isolates. only 33/408 (8%) unusual isolates and 6/128 (4.7%) pelvic isolates had garenoxacin mics ôëñ 4 ++g/ml, and 18 and 3 (4.4% and 2.3% of the respective totals) had mics ôëñ 8 ++g/ml. less susceptible unusual isolates included 7/15 veillonella sp. from various clinical sources, 6/14 fusobacterium varium from predomin ...201121398076
veillonella spondylodiscitis in a healthy 76-year-old lady.purpose: to report a case of veillonella spondylodiscitis in a healthy 76-year-old lady. methods: a previously healthy 76-year-old lady presented with worsening axial back pain at the thoracolumbar junction, fever and loss of weight. examination revealed deep tenderness over the thoracolumbar junction with painful and restricted spinal movements. the lower limb motor power, sensation and reflexes were normal. results: radiographs of the lumbosacral spine showed evidence of spinal instability wit ...201121674211
genetic transformation of veillonella parvula.veillonellae are one of the most prevalent and predominant microorganisms in both the supra- and subgingival plaques of the human oral cavity. veillonellae's mutualistic relationships with the early, middle, and late colonizers of the oral cavity make them an important component of oral biofilm ecology. unlike other ubiquitous early colonizers in the oral cavity, surprisingly little is known about veillonella biology due to our lack of ability to genetically transform this group of bacteria. the ...201121707732
the distribution and frequency of oral veillonella spp. in the tongue biofilm of healthy young adults.five species of oral veillonella, v. atypica, v. denticariosi, v. dispar, v. parvula, and v. rogosae, have been suggested to be early colonizers of dental biofilm and causes of opportunistic infections and oral malodor. however, the pathogenicity and the distribution of oral veillonella spp. have not been clarified. previously, oral veillonella spp. were identified by using 16s rdna sequence analysis. in addition, recently, veillonella isolates from human tongue biofilm were identified by rpob g ...201121850474
microbial communities of the upper respiratory tract and otitis media in children.streptococcus pneumoniae asymptomatically colonizes the upper respiratory tract of children and is a frequent cause of otitis media. patterns of microbial colonization likely influence s. pneumoniae colonization and otitis media susceptibility. this study compared microbial communities in children with and without otitis media. nasal swabs and clinical and demographic data were collected in a cross-sectional study of philadelphia, pa, children (6 to 78 months) (n=108) during the 2008-2009 winter ...201121285435
microarray analysis and barcoded pyrosequencing provide consistent microbial profiles depending on the source of human intestinal samples.large-scale and in-depth characterization of the intestinal microbiota necessitates application of high-throughput 16s rrna gene-based technologies, such as barcoded pyrosequencing and phylogenetic microarray analysis. in this study, the two techniques were compared and contrasted for analysis of the bacterial composition in three fecal and three small intestinal samples from human individuals. as pcr remains a crucial step in sample preparation for both techniques, different forward primers wer ...201121257804
structure, viability and bacterial kinetics of an in vitro biofilm model using six bacteria from the subgingival microbiota.there are few in vitro models available in the scientific literature for study of the structure, formation and development of the subgingival biofilm. the purpose of this study was to develop and validate an in vitro biofilm model, using representative selected bacteria from the subgingival microbiota.201121261622
cultivable anaerobic microbiota of severe early childhood caries.severe early childhood caries (ecc), while strongly associated with streptococcus mutans using selective detection (culture, pcr), has also been associated with a widely diverse microbiota using molecular cloning approaches. the aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiota of severe ecc using anaerobic culture. the microbial composition of dental plaque from 42 severe ecc children was compared with that of 40 caries-free children. bacterial samples were cultured anaerobically on blood and ac ...201121289150
partitioning core and satellite taxa from within cystic fibrosis lung bacterial communities.cystic fibrosis (cf) patients suffer from chronic bacterial lung infections that lead to death in the majority of cases. the need to maintain lung function in these patients means that characterising these infections is vital. increasingly, culture-independent analyses are expanding the number of bacterial species associated with cf respiratory samples; however, the potential significance of these species is not known. here, we applied ecological statistical tools to such culture-independent dat ...201021151003
microbiota of dentinal caries as assessed by reverse-capture checkerboard analysis.this study aimed to identify the microbiota of different layers of dentinal caries by using a culture-independent molecular biology approach.201021160186
microbiological profiles in saliva and supragingival plaque from caries-active adolescents before and after a short-term daily intake of milk supplemented with probiotic bacteria - a pilot study.the aim of the present pilot study was to investigate the microbial profile in saliva and supragingival plaque samples collected from caries-active adolescents before and after a daily short-term intake of milk supplemented with the probiotic bacteria.201021180676
comparative evaluation of bactericidal potential of four root canal filling materials against microflora of infected non-vital primary teeth.since complete debridement of the root canals of the primary teeth is not practically possible due to the highly variable root canal anatomy, success of the endodontic therapy depends partly on the use ofantibacterial irrigating agents and root canal filling materials. recent literature indicates that anaerobes comprise a majority of the bacteria in necrotic root canals ofprimary teeth. the study determined the antibacterial effectiveness of four root canal filling materials namely calcium hydro ...201021189760
the bacterial microbiota in the oral mucosa of rural amerindians.the oral microbiota plays an important role in buccal health and in diseases such as periodontitis and meningitis. the study of the human oral bacteria has so far focused on subjects from western societies, while little is known about subjects from isolated communities. this work determined the composition of the oral mucosa microbiota from six amazon amerindians, and tested a sample preservation alternative to freezing. paired oral swabs were taken from six adults of guahibo ethnicity living in ...201020847007
association of symptoms with gastrointestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome.to investigate the correlations between self-reported symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and the gastrointestinal (gi) microbiota composition.201020857523
clonal analysis of the microbiota of severe early childhood caries.severe early childhood caries is a microbial infection that severely compromises the dentition of young children. the aim of this study was to characterize the microbiota of severe early childhood caries.201020861633
subgingival microbial profiles of smokers with periodontitis.the subgingival microbiome is largely uncultivated, and therefore, cultivation-based and targeted molecular approaches have limited value in examining the effect of smoking on this community. we tested the hypothesis that the subgingival biofilm is compositionally different in current and never-smokers by using an open-ended molecular approach for bacterial identification. subgingival plaque from deep sites of current and never-smokers matched for disease was analyzed by 16s sequencing. smokers ...201020739702
effect of biofilm on the repair bond strengths of composites.composite restorations degrade during wear, but it is unknown how wear affects the composite surface and influences composite-to-composite bonding in minimally invasive repair. here, it is hypothesized that in vitro exposure of composites to oral biofilm yields clinically relevant degradation of composite surfaces, and its influence on composite-to-composite bonding is determined. biofilms on composite surfaces in vitro increased their roughness and decreased filler particle exposure, except for ...201020940354
identification of clinically important anaerobic bacteria by an oligonucleotide array.anaerobic bacteria can cause a wide variety of infections, and some of these infections can be serious. conventional identification methods based on biochemical tests are often lengthy and can produce inconclusive results. an oligonucleotide array based on the 16s-23s rrna intergenic spacer (its) sequences was developed to identify 28 species of anaerobic bacteria and veillonella. the method consisted of pcr amplification of the its regions with universal primers, followed by hybridization of th ...201020129959
central role of the early colonizer veillonella sp. in establishing multispecies biofilm communities with initial, middle, and late colonizers of enamel.human dental biofilm communities comprise several species, which can interact cooperatively or competitively. bacterial interactions influence biofilm formation, metabolic changes, and physiological function of the community. lactic acid, a common metabolite of oral bacteria, was measured in the flow cell effluent of one-, two- and three-species communities growing on saliva as the sole nutritional source. we investigated single-species and multispecies colonization by using known initial, early ...201020154130
consumption of human milk oligosaccharides by gut-related microbes.human milk contains large amounts of complex oligosaccharides that putatively modulate the intestinal microbiota of breast-fed infants by acting as decoy binding sites for pathogens and as prebiotics for enrichment of beneficial bacteria. several bifidobacterial species have been shown to grow well on human milk oligosaccharides. however, few data exist on other bacterial species. this work examined 16 bacterial strains belonging to 10 different genera for growth on human milk oligosaccharides. ...201020394371
response of subgingival bacteria to smoking cessation.it has been demonstrated that smoking cessation alters the subgingival microbial profile; however, the response of individual bacteria within this ecosystem has not been well studied. the aim of this investigation, therefore, was to longitudinally examine the effect of smoking cessation on the prevalence and levels of selected subgingival bacteria using molecular approaches for bacterial identification and enumeration. subgingival plaque was collected from 22 smokers at the baseline and 12 month ...201020410352
intragenomic and intraspecific heterogeneity in rrs may surpass interspecific variability in a natural population of veillonella.as well as intraspecific heterogeneity, intragenomic heterogeneity between 16s rrna gene copies has been described for a range of bacteria. due to the wide use of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis for taxonomy, identification and metagenomics, evaluating the extent of these heterogeneities in natural populations is an essential prerequisite. we investigated inter- and intragenomic 16s rrna gene heterogeneity of the variable region v3 in a population of 149 clinical isolates of veillonella spp. of ...201020413553
microbial equol production attenuates colonic methanogenesis and sulphidogenesis in vitro.hydrogen gas produced during colonic fermentation is excreted in breath and flatus, or removed by hydrogen-consuming bacteria such as methanogens and sulphate-reducing bacteria. however, recent research has shown that h2 is also consumed by equol-producing bacteria during the reduction of daidzein into equol. in this study, the interactions between methanogens, sulphate-reducing, and equol-producing bacteria were investigated under in vitro simulated intestinal conditions. in the presence of dai ...201020298796
mechanical non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a single-blinded randomized longitudinal clinical study. ii. microbiological results.peri-implantitis is common in patients with dental implants. we performed a single-blinded longitudinal randomized study to assess the effects of mechanical debridement on the peri-implant microbiota in peri-implantitis lesions.201020507380
necrotizing myositis of the deltoid following intramuscular injection of anabolic steroid. 201020638885
suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in macrophages by commensal bacteria preferentially stimulating toll-like receptor 4.protection from primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection has not yet been accomplished by vaccines inducing hiv-1-specific acquired immunity. nevertheless, it has been reported that a small subgroup of women remain resistant to hiv-1 infection under natural conditions. if similar conditions can be induced in uninfected individuals, it will contribute the first line of protection against hiv-1 infection, and also improve the effects of anti-hiv-1 vaccines. we reasoned that in ...201020719993
change in diet and oral hygiene over an 8-week period: effects on oral health and oral biofilm.the aim of the study was to monitor changes in oral health and oral biofilm composition in vivo during an experiment simulating prehistoric lifestyle and diet and poor oral hygiene. thirteen subjects lived for a period of 8 weeks under neolithic conditions. the following clinical parameters were recorded before and after the project: gingival and plaque index (löe and silness, acta odontol scand 21:533, 1963; silness and löe, acta odontol scand 22:121-135, 1964), probing pocket depth, and bleedi ...201019626350
altered profiles of intestinal microbiota and organic acids may be the origin of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome.the profile of intestinal organic acids in irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) and its correlation with gastrointestinal (gi) symptoms are not clear. we hypothesized in this study that altered gi microbiota contribute to ibs symptoms through increased levels of organic acids.201019903265
starch-entrapped microspheres show a beneficial fermentation profile and decrease in potentially harmful bacteria during in vitro fermentation in faecal microbiota obtained from patients with inflammatory bowel disease.the purpose of this research was to test the hypothesis that starch-entrapped microspheres would produce favourable fermentation profiles and microbial shifts during in vitro fermentation with the faecal microbiota from patients with inflammatory bowel disease (ibd). in vitro fermentation was carried out using a validated, dynamic, computer-controlled model of the human colon (toegepast natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek gastro-intestinal model-2) after inoculation with pooled faeces from healthy ...201020021704
in vitro killing activity of crevicular concentrations of tinidazole plus common oral antibiotics against high-density mixed inocula of periodontal pathogens in strict anaerobic conditions.odontogenic infections are polymicrobial. this study explores the in vitro killing activity by concentrations similar to those found in crevicular fluid of tinidazole in combination with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, clindamycin and levofloxacin against four groups of high-density mixed inocula of anaerobes (prevotella buccae, fusobacterium nucleatum, and veillonella spp.) and facultative (capnocytophaga spp. and streptococcus spp.) isolates of periodontal pathogens.201020059425
human oral, gut, and plaque microbiota in patients with atherosclerosis.periodontal disease has been associated with atherosclerosis, suggesting that bacteria from the oral cavity may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. furthermore, the gut microbiota may affect obesity, which is associated with atherosclerosis. using qpcr, we show that bacterial dna was present in the atherosclerotic plaque and that the amount of dna correlated with the amount of leukocytes in the atherosclerotic plaque. to investigate the microbial composit ...201020937873
biofilm formation and composition on different implant materials in vivo.biofilm formation was evaluated on the following titanium and zirconia implants in vivo: machined titanium (ti-m), modified titanium (tiunite), modified zirconia (ziunite), machined alumina-toughened zirconia (atz-m), sandblasted alumina-toughened zirconia (atz-s), and machined zirconia (tzp-a-m). bovine enamel slabs were used as controls. surface morphologies were examined by atomic force (afm) and scanning electron microscopy (sem). the surface wettability was also determined. twelve healthy v ...201020725954
symbiotic bacteria induced necrotizing pancreatitis.intestinal flora and anaerobes are frequently implicated in causing infectious necrotizing pancreatitis however bifidobacterium and veillonella have rarely been isolated as the causative agents. bifidobacterium and veillonella are commensal anaerobes which reside in gastrointestinal tract and help deconjugate bile acids. bifidobacterium is also frequently used in probiotics.201020818120
analysis of oral microbiota in children with dental caries by pcr-dgge and barcoded pyrosequencing.oral microbiota plays a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of oral cavity. dental caries are among the most common oral diseases in children and pathogenic bacteria contribute to the development of the disease. however, the overall structure of bacterial communities in the oral cavity from children with dental caries has not been explored deeply heretofore. we used high-throughput barcoded pyrosequencing and pcr-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (dgge) to examine bacterial diversity ...201020614117
high temporal and inter-individual variation detected in the human ileal microbiota.the diversity and temporal stability of the predominant bacteria in the human ileum was studied with the use of ileal effluent samples of seven individuals with brooke ileostomies. the total number of bacteria within the ileal effluent was in the range of 10⁷ -10⁸ bacteria per gram (wet weight). the diversity of the bacteria in the ileal effluent showed marked differences compared with that in faecal samples from age-matched healthy adults. the ileal effluent had a higher relative abundance of s ...201020626454
brewer's yeast cell wall affects microbiota composition and decreases bacteroides fragilis populations in an anaerobic gut intestinal model.brewer's yeast cell wall (byc) has been reported to have prebiotic activity that improves the microbiotal composition of the human gut. to understand the precise effect of byc on gut microbiota and its metabolism, we used a three-stage continuous-flow reactor system that mimicked the environment of the large intestine. the reactor system was able to maintain the bacterial community stably for a week. the bacteroides fragilis population decreased drastically after the addition of byc into this sy ...201020926339
diversity of veillonella spp. from subgingival plaque by polyphasic approach.in a biofilm such as the subgingival microflora, strain-specific properties or factors induced by the host may impart a survival advantage to some bacterial strains. periodontal disease has been associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and we previously found high amounts of veillonella in the subgingival microflora of copd subjects. differentiation of veillonella is difficult. the aims of this study were to identify subgingival veillonella isolates by phenotypic, genetic typ ...201020132189
complete genome sequence of veillonella parvula type strain (te3).veillonella parvula (veillon and zuber 1898) prévot 1933 is the type species of the genus veillonella in the family veillonellaceae within the order clostridiales. the species v. parvula is of interest because it is frequently isolated from dental plaque in the human oral cavity and can cause opportunistic infections. the species is strictly anaerobic and grows as small cocci which usually occur in pairs. veillonellae are characterized by their unusual metabolism which is centered on the activit ...201021304678
bacteriological aspects implicated in abdominal surgical emergencies.the purpose of the present study was to establish the microbial etiology of abdominal surgical emergencies as well as the relationship between the bacterial etiology and the virulence factors produced by the respective isolated strains. 110 bacterial strains were isolated from 100 randomized clinical cases, operated during 2009-2010 in the first surgical clinic of the university hospital of bucharest. the clinical cases (sex ratio 52 m/48f aged between 22-85 years old) were classified into three ...201021351699
altered intestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome.recent studies have suggested that alterations in the composition of the intestinal microbiota may play an important role in irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) symptoms. however, an association between the composition of the intestinal microbiota and ibs symptoms has not been clearly demonstrated. in the current issue of the journal, tana et al. suggest that altered intestinal microbiota contributes to the symptoms of ibs through increased levels of organic acids. in fecal samples, ibs patients had ...201020414959
the role of bacteria in oral cancer.despite the widening interest in the possible association between bacteria and different stages of cancer development, our knowledge in its relation to oral cancers remains inadequate. the aim of this review article is to derive a better understanding on the role of various micro-organisms in the etiogenesis of oral cancers through all the available data on the pubmed. different bacteria have been proposed to induce carcinogenesis either through induction of chronic inflammation or by interferen ...201021584217
the use of molecular techniques for bacterial detection in the analysis of gastric aspirates collected from infants on the first day of life.prospective service evaluation of the utility of molecular methods to analyse neonatal gastric aspirate specimens in a single neonatal unit and associated maternity unit. 43 newborn infants investigated for sepsis with median gestational age of 39 weeks (range 31-41 weeks) and median birth weight 3050 grams (range 1250-4220 g). gastric aspirates routinely collected within 12h of birth were analysed using conventional and molecular methods for bacterial detection, bacterial dna load and sequencin ...201020223606
transfer of antibiotic resistance by transformation with edna within oral biofilms.we demonstrate that live donor veillonella dispar cells can transfer the conjugative transposon tn916 to four different streptococcus spp. recipients in a multispecies oral consortium growing as a biofilm in a constant depth film fermentor. additionally, we demonstrate that purified v. dispar dna can transform streptococcus mitis to tetracycline resistance in this experimental system. these data show that transfer of conjugative transposon-encoded antibiotic resistance can occur by transformatio ...201020337719
distribution of selected cariogenic bacteria in five different intra-oral habitats in young children.knowledge of the colonization patterns and composition of the oral microbiota can lead to a better understanding of disease initiation.200919207737
citric acid wastewater as electron donor for biological sulfate reduction.citrate-containing wastewater is used as electron donor for sulfate reduction in a biological treatment plant for the removal of sulfate. the pathway of citrate conversion coupled to sulfate reduction and the microorganisms involved were investigated. citrate was not a direct electron donor for the sulfate-reducing bacteria. instead, citrate was fermented to mainly acetate and formate. these fermentation products served as electron donors for the sulfate-reducing bacteria. sulfate reduction acti ...200919399495
gastric acid reduction leads to an alteration in lower intestinal microflora.to clarify the alterations in lower intestinal microflora induced by gastric acid reduction, the dynamics of 12 major genera or groups of bacteria comprising the microflora in feces and colonic contents were examined by quantitative real-time pcr in proton pump inhibitor-treated rats and in asymptomatic human subjects with hypochlorhydria. in both rat and human experiments, most genera or groups of intestinal microflora (facultative and obligate anaerobes) proliferated by gastric acid reduction, ...200919248769
treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with probiotics. an etiopathogenic approach at last?irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is the most common functional digestive disorder, and may affect 11-20% of the adult population in industrialized countries. in accordance with rome iii criteria (2006) ibs involves abdominal pain and bowel habit disturbance, which are not explained by structural or biochemical abnormalities. several hypotheses attempt to account for the pathophysiology of ibs, but the etiology still remains uncertain or obscure, perhaps multifactorial. abnormalities in colonic mic ...200919785495
effect of herbal, essential oil, and chlorhexidine mouthrinses on the composition of the subgingival microbiota and clinical periodontal parameters.the purpose of the present investigation was to determine if antimicrobial mouthrinses with different formulations could affect the composition of the subgingival microbiota and clinical parameters of adjacent tissues in periodontal maintenance subjects.200920128317
[changes in oral microflora in patients with recurrent oral ulcers].to investigate the correlation between the changes in oral microflora and recurrent oral ulcers (rou).200919460727
investigating different mechanisms for biogenic selenite transformations: geobacter sulfurreducens, shewanella oneidensis and veillonella atypica.the metal-reducing bacteria geobacter sulfurreducens, shewanella oneidensis and veillonella atypica, use different mechanisms to transform toxic, bioavailable sodium selenite to less toxic, non-mobile elemental selenium and then to selenide in anaerobic environments, offering the potential for in situ and ex situ bioremediation of contaminated soils, sediments, industrial effluents, and agricultural drainage waters. the products of these reductive transformations depend on both the organism invo ...200919950474
multi-species biofilm formation on dental materials and an adhesive patch.this laboratory study assessed the influence of surface roughness and contact time on the formation of a multi-species biofilm on dental materials (adhesive patch, composite, amalgam and enamel).200919408815
receptor recognition of and immune intracellular pathways for veillonella parvula lipopolysaccharide.veillonella parvula is an anaerobic gram-negative coccus that is part of the normal flora of the animal and human mouth and gastrointestinal and genitourinary tracts. oral v. parvula is involved in the development of early periodontal disease as well as different types of serious infections. present data on molecular mechanisms responsible for innate immune response against veillonella are very scanty. the aim of this study was to investigate the toll-like receptor (tlr) pathways responsible for ...200919828771
assessment of intraradicular bacterial composition by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.the aim of the study was to assess the bacterial community structures associated with endodontic infections using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp), and to investigate the correlation of whole community profiles with the manifestation of particular clinical features.200919702949
comparisons of subgingival microbial profiles of refractory periodontitis, severe periodontitis, and periodontal health using the human oral microbe identification microarray.this study compared the subgingival microbiota of subjects with refractory periodontitis (rp) to those in subjects with treatable periodontitis (grs = good responders) or periodontal health (ph) using the human oral microbe identification microarray (homim).200919722792
mutualistic biofilm communities develop with porphyromonas gingivalis and initial, early, and late colonizers of enamel.porphyromonas gingivalis is present in dental plaque as early as 4 h after tooth cleaning, but it is also associated with periodontal disease, a late-developing event in the microbial successions that characterize daily plaque development. we report here that p. gingivalis atcc 33277 is remarkable in its ability to interact with a variety of initial, early, middle, and late colonizers growing solely on saliva. integration of p. gingivalis into multispecies communities was investigated by using t ...200919749049
proximal small intestinal microbiota and identification of rod-shaped bacteria associated with childhood celiac disease.alterations in the composition of the microbiota in the intestine may promote development of celiac disease (cd). using scanning electron microscopy (sem) we previously demonstrated that rod-shaped bacteria were present on the epithelium of proximal small intestine in children with cd but not in controls. in this study we characterize the microbiota of proximal small intestine in children with cd and controls and identify cd-associated rod-shaped bacteria.200919755974
[oral cavity microbiocenose in healthy teenagers and patients with chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis].microbial association distinctive features and colonization degree of different oral cavity biotope were established in healthy teenagers and patients with chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis. there were studied mucous membrane surfaces of cheek, tongue, content of gingival crevice, oral fluid and dental plaque of 24 healthy persons of the age 12-17 years and 29 patients of the same age with gastritis and gastroduodenitis. on the mucous membranes of the ill teenagers there were found porphiro ...200919491778
bacterial colonization of enamel in situ investigated using fluorescence in situ hybridization.oral biofilms are one of the greatest challenges in dental research. the present study aimed to investigate initial bacterial colonization of enamel surfaces in situ using fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) over a 12 h period. for this purpose, bovine enamel slabs were fixed on buccal sites of individual splints worn by six subjects for 2, 6 and 12 h to allow biofilm formation. specimens were processed for fish and evaluated with confocal laser-scanning microscopy, using probes for eubact ...200919528150
interspecies signaling between veillonella atypica and streptococcus gordonii requires the transcription factor ccpa.streptococcus gordonii and veillonella atypica, two early-colonizing members of the dental plaque biofilm, participate in a relationship that results in increased transcription of the s. gordonii gene amyb, encoding an alpha-amylase. we show that the transcription factor ccpa is required for this interspecies interaction.200919542285
aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans builds mutualistic biofilm communities with fusobacterium nucleatum and veillonella species in saliva.human oral bacterial pathogens grow in attached multispecies biofilm communities. unattached cells are quickly removed by swallowing. therefore, surface attachment is essential for growth, and we investigated multispecies community interactions resulting in mutualistic growth on saliva as the sole nutritional source. we used two model systems, saliva-coated transferable solid-phase polystyrene pegs (peg biofilms) and flow cells with saliva-coated glass surfaces. fluorescent antibody staining and ...200919564387
identification of oral species of the genus veillonella by polymerase chain reaction.members of the genus veillonella cannot be reliably distinguished by their biochemical characteristics and phenotypic features. moreover, dna-dna hybridization and sequence analyses of the 16s ribosomal rna gene including random fragment length polymorphism analysis, are complex and time-consuming procedures that are not well-suited to identifying oral species of veillonella: veillonella atypica, veillonella denticariosi, veillonella dispar, veillonella parvula, and veillonella rogosae.200919572893
granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (gcp-2/cxcl6) complements interleukin-8 in periodontal disease.mucosal inflammatory responses are orchestrated largely by pro-inflammatory chemokines. the chemokine granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 (cxcl6) is involved in neutrophil recruitment and migration. previous studies have shown that granulocyte chemotactic protein 2 is up-regulated during mucosal inflammation (e.g. in inflammatory bowel disease), similarly to the functionally and structurally related chemokine interleukin-8. nevertheless, unlike interleukin-8, a role of granulocyte chemotactic prot ...200918842116
factors affecting human supragingival biofilm composition. ii. tooth position.little is known regarding the factors that affect the microbial composition of supragingival biofilms. this study was designed to test the hypothesis that tooth location affects the microbial composition of supragingival plaque beyond the effect due to plaque mass as reflected by total dna probe count.200918973539
factors affecting human supragingival biofilm composition. i. plaque mass.little is known about the factors that affect the microbial composition of supragingival biofilms. this study was designed to examine the relationship between total dna probe counts of supragingival biofilm samples, clinical parameters and supragingival biofilm composition.200918973540
the ecological proportion of indigenous bacterial populations in saliva is correlated with oral health status.to obtain deeper insights into the etiology of oral disease, an understanding of the composition of the surrounding bacterial environments that lead to health or disease is required, which is attracting increasing attention. in this study, the bacterial compositions in the saliva of 200 subjects aged 15-40 years were depicted as peak patterns by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-rflp) analysis of 16s rrna genes. the subjects were classified into three clusters by partitioning ...200918830275
tinidazole inhibitory and cidal activity against anaerobic periodontal pathogens.the in vitro activity of tinidazole against anaerobic periodontal pathogens (25 prevotella buccae, 18 prevotella denticola, 10 prevotella intermedia, 6 prevotella melaninogenica, 5 prevotella oralis, 10 fusobacterium nucleatum and 8 veillonella spp.) was determined by agar dilution. mic(90) values (minimum inhibitory concentration for 90% of the organisms) were 8 microg/ml for veillonella spp., 4 microg/ml for p. intermedia, 2 microg/ml for p. buccae, 1 microg/ml for fusobacterium spp. and 0.5 m ...200919097755
does pregnancy have an impact on the subgingival microbiota?we investigated clinical and subgingival microbiologic changes during pregnancy in 20 consecutive pregnant women > or =18 years not receiving dental care.200919228092
molecular characterization of the stomach microbiota in patients with gastric cancer and in controls.persistent infection of the gastric mucosa by helicobacter pylori can initiate an inflammatory cascade that progresses into atrophic gastritis, a condition associated with reduced capacity for secretion of gastric acid and an increased risk of developing gastric cancer. the role of h. pylori as an initiator of inflammation is evident but the mechanism for development into gastric cancer has not yet been proven. a reduced capacity for gastric acid secretion allows survival and proliferation of ot ...200919273648
a review of dental implants and infection.dental implants have become increasingly common for the management of tooth loss. despite their placement in a contaminated surgical field, success rates are relatively high. this article reviews dental implants and highlights factors leading to infection and potential implant failure. a literature search identified studies analysing the microbial composition of peri-implant infections. the microflora of dental peri-implantitis resembles that found in chronic periodontitis, featuring predominant ...200919329223
characterization of the complex bacterial communities colonizing biliary stents reveals a host-dependent diversity.this study provides a comprehensive survey of the spatial and temporal bacterial composition of biliary stent biofilms. the bacterial diversity, distribution and dynamics of 59 biliary and 4 pancreatic stent communities from 40 patients being treated at two different hospitals, which implant stents either simultaneously or consecutively, were characterized by single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) analysis. fifty-one phylotypes belonging to 5 bacterial phyla and 24 bacterial families wer ...200919360025
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