Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| viral prevalence in wild serval population is driven by season and sex. | one of the key factors influencing the population dynamics of threatened species such as felids is disease, but long-term studies of the factors influencing seroprevalence of wild felids are extremely rare, hindering conservation efforts. we set out to determine seroprevalence of six viral diseases (feline panleukopenia virus, feline leukemia virus, feline coronavirus, feline calicivirus, feline herpes virus, and feline immunodeficiency virus) among a population of serval (leptailurus serval) wi ... | 2021 | 34059963 |
| disease surveillance during the reintroduction of the iberian lynx (lynx pardinus) in southwestern spain. | the restoration of iberian lynx (lynx pardinus) populations in extremadura (southwestern spain) have been carried out since 2014. one of the measures to ensure the success of this program is to examine the effects that diseases may have on reintroduction. since diseases may be greatly located at certain sites because of the specific ecological requirements of the pathogens and/or vectors, reintroduced individuals may present a risk of infection once released. to determine which pathogens the rei ... | 2021 | 33669869 |
| serologic survey of selected pathogens in free-ranging bengal tigers (panthera tigris tigris) in nepal. | serum samples of 11 bengal tigers (panthera tigris tigris) from chitwan national park in nepal, collected between 2011-17, were evaluated for the presence of antibodies to eight diseases commonly investigated in large felids. this initial serologic survey was done to establish baseline information to understand the exposure of nepal's free-ranging tiger population to these diseases. tiger serum samples collected opportunistically during encounters such as translocation, human conflict, and injur ... | 2021 | 33822151 |
| molecular survey of selected viral pathogens in wild leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis) in taiwan with an emphasis on the spatial and temporal dynamics of carnivore protoparvovirus 1. | the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) was listed as an endangered species under the wildlife conservation act in taiwan in 2009. however, no study has evaluated the possible direct or indirect effects of pathogens on the taiwanese leopard cat population. here, we targeted viral pathogens, including carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (genus protoparvovirus), feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), coronaviruses (covs), and canine distemper virus (cdv), through molecular s ... | 2021 | 33389172 |
| feline leukemia virus (felv) endogenous and exogenous recombination events result in multiple felv-b subtypes during natural infection. | feline leukemia virus (felv) is associated with a range of clinical signs in felid species. differences in disease processes are closely related to genetic variation in the envelope (env) region of the genome of six defined subgroups. the primary hosts of felv are domestic cats of the felis genus that also harbor endogenous felv (enfelv) elements stably integrated in their genomes. enfelv elements display 86% nucleotide identity to exogenous, horizontally transmitted felv (felv-a). variation bet ... | 2021 | 34232703 |
| cross-species transmission of retroviruses among domestic and wild felids in human-occupied landscapes in chile. | human transformation of natural habitats facilitates pathogen transmission between domestic and wild species. the guigna (leopardus guigna), a small felid found in chile, has experienced habitat loss and an increased probability of contact with domestic cats. here, we describe the interspecific transmission of feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) between domestic cats and guignas and assess its correlation with human landscape perturbation. blood and tissue sample ... | 2021 | 33897821 |
| prevalence of hemotropic mycoplasmas and coinfection with feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus in cats in the moscow region, russia. | feline haemoplasma infection studies are lacking in russia. this retrospective study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of feline haemoplasmas in domestic cats in the moscow region, russia. a risk of haemoplasma coinfection with feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) was also determined. qpcr analysis for feline haemoplasmas was performed on edta blood samples from 753 cats from the moscow region, russia. subsets of these samples were tested also for fiv and f ... | 2021 | 33838591 |
| prevalence of feline immunodeficiency virus and toxoplasma gondii in feral cats on st. kitts, west indies. | toxoplasma gondii (t. gondii) is a cosmopolitan protozoan parasite that infects all warm-blooded species including humans. the definitive hosts of t. gondii are felid vertebrates including the domestic cat. domestic cats shed oocysts for approximately two weeks in their feces after the primary infection. it has been shown that feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) positive cats have a higher prevalence of and a higher titer of antibodies to t. gondii than those of fiv-negative cats. the main purpo ... | 2021 | 33494205 |
| diet, parasites, and other pathogens of sunda leopard cats (prionailurus javanensis desmarest 1816) in aborlan, palawan island, philippines. | this study is the first investigation of parasites and other pathogens present in sunda leopard cats (prionailurus javanensis) in aborlan, palawan, philippines. with the nature of wild carnivore sampling, four (4) wild sunda leopard cats were captured in aborlan, palawan, philippines for a period of nine (9) months. of these, three (3) were considered for blood and fecal examination due to the poor condition of one animal. rapid diagnostic kits were used to detect the presence of selected pathog ... | 2021 | 34475642 |
| sepsis in cougar (puma concolor) associated with chromobacterium violaceum. | the genus chromobacterium is widely distributed in the environment and is composed of gram-negative, aerobic, or facultative anaerobic bacilli that occur in violet-colored colonies. these bacteria rarely cause infections, but when it occurs, it spreads quickly and has a high mortality. because diseases are infrequent, the diagnosis is often delayed, and it takes time for suitable treatment to be initiated, leading to increased mortality due to the rapid progression of the disease. after the deat ... | 2021 | 33829376 |
| pentatrichomonas hominis infection in two domestic cats with chronic diarrhea. | chronic diarrhea is a common and recurring problem in feline medicine. intestinal trichomonads have been reported as causative agents of diarrhea in cats. while pentatrichomonas hominis is considered commensal, tritrichomonas foetus has been found to cause feline large bowel diarrhea in cats. in our report, two young cats infected with the feline leukemia virus (felv) and presenting with chronic diarrhea were identified as having trichomonads in their feces, based on direct examination and fecal ... | 2020 | 29872537 |
| comparison of subclinical dermatophyte infection in short- and long-haired cats. | long-haired cats may have an increased risk of dermatophytosis due to insufficient grooming and their thick hair coat trapping fungal spores. the prevalence of subclinical dermatophytosis in long-haired cats was evaluated using fungal culture and wood's lamp test. hematology and blood chemistry results were compared between cats negative and positive for dermatophytosis. | 2020 | 33488001 |
| endogenous retroviruses drive resistance and promotion of exogenous retroviral homologs. | endogenous retroviruses (ervs) serve as markers of ancient viral infections and provide invaluable insight into host and viral evolution. ervs have been exapted to assist in performing basic biological functions, including placentation, immune modulation, and oncogenesis. a subset of ervs share high nucleotide similarity to circulating horizontally transmitted exogenous retrovirus (xrv) progenitors. in these cases, erv-xrv interactions have been documented and include (a) recombination to result ... | 2020 | 33290087 |
| molecular detection of hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) in domestic cats (felis catus) in romania. | the hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) of the genus mycoplasma are recognized as important bacteria that parasitize red blood cells, causing hemolytic anemia in many mammalian species, including cats. no information is available concerning the presence of feline hemoplasma infections in cats in romania. thus, the objective of the present study was to provide data on the occurrence and molecular characterization of hemotropic mycoplasmas in client-owned cats in romania. | 2020 | 33092590 |
| presence of endogenous viral elements negatively correlates with feline leukemia virus susceptibility in puma and domestic cat cells. | while feline leukemia virus (felv) has been shown to infect felid species other than the endemic domestic cat host, differences in felv susceptibility among species has not been evaluated. previous reports have noted a negative correlation between endogenous felv (enfelv) copy number and exogenous felv (exfelv) infection outcomes in domestic cats. since felids outside the genus felis do not harbor enfelv genomes, we hypothesized absence of enfelv results in more severe disease consequences in fe ... | 2020 | 32817213 |
| what's new in feline leukemia virus infection. | feline leukemia virus (felv) is a retrovirus with global impact on the health of domestic cats that causes tumors (mainly lymphoma), bone marrow disorders, and immunosuppression. the importance of felv is underestimated due to complacency associated with previous decline in prevalence. however, with this comes lowered vigilance, which, along with potential for regressively infected cats to reactivate viremia and shed the virus or develop clinical signs, can pose a risk to feline health. this art ... | 2020 | 32680664 |
| acute monoblastic leukemia in a feline leukemia virus-negative cat. | a 12-year-old female domestic short-haired cat was presented due to weight loss, anorexia, and tachypnea. complete blood count revealed severe anemia, leukocytosis with massive undifferentiated blast cells, and thrombocytopenia. bone marrow aspiration showed acute myeloid leukemia, subclassified as monoblastic leukemia (m5a) based on the outcomes of the cytochemistry examinations. the snap feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) test using whole blood was negative. i ... | 2020 | 32448817 |
| serological and molecular investigation of leishmania spp. infection in cats from an area endemic for canine and human leishmaniasis in northeast brazil. | the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of leishmania spp. antibodies, and its association with feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv), in domestic cats from an area endemic for canine and human leishmaniasis in rio grande do norte state, brazil. ninety-one cats were subjected to a complete clinical exam, and blood samples were collected. an epidemiological questionnaire was used to investigate the risk factors. igg anti-leishmania spp. antibodies we ... | 2020 | 31691733 |
| a novel test for determination of wild felid-domestic cat hybridization. | in october 2018, colorado parks and wildlife seized an animal believed to be an illegally possessed bobcat. the owner claimed the animal was a bobcat/domestic cat hybrid, exempted from license requirements. burden of proof lay with cpw to determine the lineage of the animal. commercial microsatellite arrays and dna barcoding have not been developed for identification of bobcat/domestic cat hybrids, and limited time and resources prevented development of such tests for this application. instead, ... | 2020 | 31683165 |
| molecular and serological survey of carnivore pathogens in free-roaming domestic cats of rural communities in southern chile. | owned, free-roaming domestic cats are abundant in the chilean countryside, having high probability of contact with wildlife and potentially participating as reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens. in the present study, 131 cats from two remote study areas (valdivia and chiloe island) in southern chile were analyzed for infection/exposure to eight pathogens. serum samples from 112 cats were tested for antigens against feline leukemia virus (felv antigen-elisa) and antibodies against feline immunodefici ... | 2019 | 31611482 |
| first report on the prevalence and genetic relatedness of feline foamy virus (ffv) from turkish domestic cats. | feline foamy virus (ffv) is an important retroviral agent affecting domestic cats in turkey that has been studied less intensively than feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv). accordingly, we aimed to investigate the presence and prevalence of ffv among domestic cats by molecular techniques. pcr was used to amplify the gag-pol gene overlap in order to detect the presence of ffv. the gene encoding bet, an important accessory gene, was also characterized. molecular ch ... | 2019 | 31562905 |
| prevalence, geographic distribution, risk factors and co-infections of feline gammaherpesvirus infections in domestic cats in switzerland. | recently, a gammaherpesvirus was described in domestic cats (fcaghv1). the goal of the present study was to investigate the presence of fcaghv1 in swiss domestic cats and analyze potential risk factors. blood samples from 881 cats presented to veterinarians in all swiss cantons and from 91 stray cats and neoplastic tissue samples from 17 cats with lymphoma were evaluated. fcaghv1 was detected by real-time pcr targeting the glycoprotein b gene, followed by sequencing. blood samples were also test ... | 2019 | 31390829 |
| comparative meta-analysis of feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus seroprevalence correlated with gdp per capita around the globe. | feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) are two prevalent transmittable diseases for domestic cats. this paper reports the frequency of these two diseases compared globally across gross domestic product (gdp) at purchasing power parity per capita (ppp). information around felv and fiv rates of infection in specific locations around the world was analyzed from 47 published articles. results show that based on the data available, the statistical model indicates that th ... | 2019 | 31176263 |
| multiple introductions of domestic cat feline leukemia virus in endangered florida panthers. | the endangered florida panther (puma concolor coryi) had an outbreak of infection with feline leukemia virus (felv) in the early 2000s that resulted in the deaths of 3 animals. a vaccination campaign was instituted during 2003-2007 and no additional cases were recorded until 2010. during 2010-2016, six additional felv cases were documented. we characterized felv genomes isolated from florida panthers from both outbreaks and compared them with full-length genomes of felvs isolated from contempora ... | 2019 | 30561312 |
| body composition of lean outdoor intact cats vs lean indoor neutered cats using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. | the objectives for this study were to compare the body composition of adult indoor neutered domestic cats with outdoor intact cats with an ideal body condition score using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and to report the body composition findings of free-roaming cats, as this has not been previously reported. most domestic house cats differ from free-roaming cats as they are confined indoors and neutered. indoor neutered cats have reduced activity and hormonal alterations that may result in l ... | 2019 | 29911463 |
| cerebellar cortical degeneration associated with feline leukemia virus infection and cerebellar lymphoma in a young cat. | cerebellar cortical degeneration (ccd) is the premature death of cerebellar neurons of heterogeneous etiology that is uncommonly observed as a neurological complication of certain neoplasia. | 2019 | 31998618 |
| lack of bcl-2 expression in feline follicular lymphomas. | bcl-2, an anti-apoptotic protein, is commonly overexpressed in follicular lymphomas in humans. this is usually the result of a chromosomal translocation that transposes the bcl-2 gene into the immunoglobulin gene locus. the immunohistochemical assessment of this overexpression can be used as a tool for the differentiation of follicular lymphoma and follicular hyperplasia. in cats, little information about the expression of bcl-2 in follicular lymphoma exists. we investigated 18 follicular lympho ... | 2019 | 31585524 |
| tracking the fate of endogenous retrovirus segregation in wild and domestic cats. | endogenous retroviruses (ervs) of domestic cats (erv-dcs) are one of the youngest feline erv groups in domestic cats (felis silvestris catus); some members are replication competent (erv-dc10, erv-dc18, and erv-dc14), produce the antiretroviral soluble factor refrex-1 (erv-dc7 and erv-dc16), or can generate recombinant feline leukemia virus (felv). here, we investigated erv-dc in european wildcats (felis silvestris silvestris) and detected four loci: erv-dc6, erv-dc7, erv-dc14, and erv-dc16. erv ... | 2019 | 31534037 |
| lynx eats cat: disease risk assessment during an iberian lynx intraguild predation. | lethal interactions between members of the carnivore guild are well represented in literature. in the iberian lynx, interspecific killing (without prey consumption) of some mesocarnivores, such as the egyptian mongoose, genet, and red fox, has been reported. although vaguely documented, evidence suggests feral cats fall victim to interactions with this apex predator. here, we describe the first documented case of interspecific killing and partial consumption of a feral cat by an adult male iberi ... | 2019 | 32214947 |
| tracking the continuous evolutionary processes of an endogenous retrovirus of the domestic cat: erv-dc. | an endogenous retrovirus (erv) is a remnant of an ancient retroviral infection in the host genome. although most ervs have lost their viral productivity, a few ervs retain their replication capacity. in addition, partially inactivated ervs can present a potential risk to the host via their encoded virulence factors or the generation of novel viruses by viral recombination. ervs can also eventually acquire a biological function, and this ability has been a driving force of host evolution. therefo ... | 2018 | 29642384 |
| serological survey of feline viral pathogens in free-living european wildcats (felis s. silvestris) from luxembourg. | european populations of free-living wildcats have been shown to be exposed to cat viruses. luxembourg has a high degree of habitat fragmentation, and hybridisation rates between domestic cats and wildcats are high. we therefore assessed the seroprevalence of six viruses in 34 serum samples collected between 2001 and 2016 from wildcats in luxembourg. the values for feline leukemia virus (felv; 52.9%) and feline coronavirus (fcov; 47.1%) were amongst the highest reported for wildcats. we found evi ... | 2018 | 30062638 |
| identification of felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 in tsushima leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) on tsushima island, japan. | felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 (fcaghv1) is a widely endemic infection of domestic cats. current epidemiological data identify domestic cats as the sole natural host for fcaghv1. the tsushima leopard cat (tlc; prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) is a critically endangered species that lives only on tsushima island, nagasaki, japan. nested pcr was used to test the blood or spleen of 89 tlcs for fcaghv1 dna; three (3.37%; 95% ci, 0.70⁻9.54) were positive. for tlc management purposes, we also scre ... | 2018 | 30029545 |
| feline leukemia virus (felv) disease outcomes in a domestic cat breeding colony: relationship to endogenous felv and other chronic viral infections. | exogenous feline leukemia virus (felv) is a feline gammaretrovirus that results in a variety of disease outcomes. endogenous felv (enfelv) is a replication-defective provirus found in species belonging to the felis genus, which includes the domestic cat (felis catus). there have been few studies examining interaction between enfelv genotype and felv progression. we examined point-in-time enfelv and felv viral loads, as well as occurrence of felv/enfelv recombinants (felv-b), to determine factors ... | 2018 | 29976676 |
| pathological findings in the red fox (vulpes vulpes), stone marten (martes foina) and raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides), with special emphasis on infectious and zoonotic agents in northern germany. | anthropogenic landscape changes contributed to the reduction of availability of habitats to wild animals. hence, the presence of wild terrestrial carnivores in urban and peri-urban sites has increased considerably over the years implying an increased risk of interspecies spillover of infectious diseases and the transmission of zoonoses. the present study provides a detailed characterisation of the health status of the red fox (vulpes vulpes), stone marten (martes foina) and raccoon dog (nyctereu ... | 2017 | 28399176 |
| molecular detection of viral agents in free-ranging and captive neotropical felids in brazil. | we describe molecular testing for felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (fhv-1), carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (cppv-1), feline calicivirus (fcv), alphacoronavirus 1 (feline coronavirus [fcov]), feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and canine distemper virus (cdv) in whole blood samples of 109 free-ranging and 68 captive neotropical felids from brazil. samples from 2 jaguars ( panthera onca) and 1 oncilla ( leopardus tigrinus) were positive for fhv-1; 2 jaguars, 1 puma ( puma conc ... | 2017 | 28677421 |
| bartonella henselae as a cause of acute-onset febrile illness in cats. | at different time points spanning 6 months, three adopted feral flea-infested cats, residing in the household of a veterinary technician, became acutely anorexic, lethargic and febrile. enrichment blood culture/pcr using bartonella alpha proteobacteria growth medium (bapgm) confirmed initial infection with the same bartonella henselae genotype in all three cases. with the exception of anemia and neutropenia, complete blood counts, serum biochemical profiles and urinalysis results were within ref ... | 2017 | 28491382 |
| seroprevalences of feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infection in cats in the united states and canada and risk factors for seropositivity. | objective to estimate seroprevalences for felv antigen and anti-fiv antibody and risk factors for seropositivity among cats in the united states and canada. design cross-sectional study. animals 62,301 cats tested at 1,396 veterinary clinics (n = 45,406) and 127 animal shelters (16,895). procedures blood samples were tested with a point-of-care elisa for felv antigen and anti-fiv antibody. seroprevalence was estimated, and risk factors for seropositivity were evaluated with bivariate and multiva ... | 2017 | 28671491 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus: frequency and associated factors in cats in northeastern brazil. | our aims were to determine the frequencies of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) in owned and stray cats in the northeastern region of brazil, ascertain the status of felv infection, and investigate potential associated factors among the owned cats. blood samples from 200 asymptomatic owned cats and 30 stray cats were processed using nested pcr and commercial immunochromatographic tests to diagnose infections. to evaluate the factors associated with fiv and/or f ... | 2017 | 28510253 |
| epidemiologic survey of feline leukemia virus in domestic cats on tsushima island, japan: management strategy for tsushima leopard cats. | the tsushima leopard cat (tlc) prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, a subspecies of p. bengalensis, is designated a national natural monument of japan, and lives only on tsushima island, nagasaki prefecture, japan. tlcs are threatened by various infectious diseases. feline leukemia virus (felv) causes a serious infectious disease with a poor prognosis in cats. therefore, the transmission of felv from tsushima domestic cats (tdcs) to tlcs may threaten the tlc population. we investigated the felv ... | 2017 | 28782421 |
| presence of a shared 5'-leader sequence in ancestral human and mammalian retroviruses and its transduction into feline leukemia virus. | recombination events induce significant genetic changes, and this process can result in virus genetic diversity or in the generation of novel pathogenicity. we discovered a new recombinant feline leukemia virus (felv) gag gene harboring an unrelated insertion, termed the "x-region", which was derived from fcerv-gamma4, a feline endogenous gammaretrovirus. the identified fcerv-gamma4 proviruses have lost their coding capability, but some can express their viral rna in feline tissues. although the ... | 2017 | 28768854 |
| fatal toxoplasmosis in an immunosuppressed domestic cat from brazil caused by toxoplasma gondii clonal type i. | the objective of the study was to report on a fatal case of feline toxoplasmosis with coinfection with the feline leukemia virus (felv). a domestic cat (felis silvestris catus) presented intense dyspnea and died three days later. in the necropsy, the lungs were firm, without collapse and with many white areas; moderate lymphadenomegaly and splenomegaly were also observed. the histopathological examination showed severe necrotic interstitial bronchopneumonia and mild necrotic hepatitis, associate ... | 2017 | 28746448 |
| efficacy of a nonadjuvanted recombinant felv vaccine and two inactivated felv vaccines when subject to consistent virulent felv challenge conditions. | the purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of three felv vaccines, under identical conditions in a laboratory challenge model that closely mimics natural infection. four groups of cats (n = 20 per group) were administered two doses of vaccine, 21 days apart, starting at 9-10 weeks of age (purevax(®) felv, versifel(®) felv, nobivac(®) feline 2-felv, and a placebo). cats were challenged 3 weeks later with a virulent, heterologous felv isolate. felv antigenemia was determined at weekly i ... | 2017 | 28734742 |
| analytical validation of a reference laboratory elisa for the detection of feline leukemia virus p27 antigen. | feline leukemia virus (felv) is an oncogenic retrovirus of cats. immunoassays for the p27 core protein of felv aid in the detection of felv infections. commercial microtiter-plate elisas have rapid protocols and visual result interpretation, limiting their usefulness in high-throughput situations. the purpose of our study was to validate the petchek felv 15 elisa, which is designed for the reference laboratory, and incorporates sequential, orthogonal screening and confirmatory protocols. a cutof ... | 2017 | 28548572 |
| evaluation of rapid diagnostic test kits for feline leukemia virus infection using samples from naturally infected cats. | feline leukemia virus (felv) is a potentially life-threatening oncogenic retrovirus. the p27 viral core protein is produced by the virus in infected feline cells, is found in the cytoplasm in several blood cells and can be free in the serum and plasma. elisa or particle-based immunoassay are commonly used to detect the presence of the p27 core protein in samples obtained from blood. the objective of this study was to compare the performance of several in-clinic tests: the snap feline triple test ... | 2017 | 28491433 |
| putative progressive and abortive feline leukemia virus infection outcomes in captive jaguarundis (puma yagouaroundi). | feline leukemia virus (felv) is an exogenous gammaretrovirus of domestic cats (felis catus) and some wild felids. the outcomes of felv infection in domestic cats vary according to host susceptibility, virus strain, and infectious challenge dose. jaguarundis (puma yagouaroundi) are small wild felids from south and central america. we previously reported on felv infections in jaguarundis. we hypothesized here that the outcomes of felv infection in p. yagouaroundi mimic those observed in domestic c ... | 2017 | 29149857 |
| felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 dnaemia in whole blood from therapeutically immunosuppressed or retrovirus-infected cats. | gammaherpesviruses are major co-pathogens of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, making the interactions between feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) andfelis catusgammaherpesvirus 1 (fcaghv1) pertinent to both human and veterinary medical research. fiv-infected cats are at increased risk of fcaghv1 dnaemia and consistently harbor higher fcaghv1 loads than fiv-uninfected cats. whether immune deficiencies unrelated to fiv are associated with similar risks is unknown. using whole blood fc ... | 2017 | 29056675 |
| primary cerebellar lymphoma with hodgkin lymphoma-like morphology in a cat. | a 4-y-old cat exhibited neurologic signs such as wobbling, right head tilt, and intention tremor, and mri revealed a mass in the cerebellum. the cat died 5 mo after initial presentation, and no neoplastic lesions, other than the cerebellar mass, were observed at autopsy. histologically, large atypical cells resembling hodgkin cells, with single large inclusion-like nucleoli, and those resembling reed-sternberg cells, with symmetrically arranged nuclei, had infiltrated the left side of the cerebe ... | 2017 | 28382853 |
| prevalence of selected pathogens in small carnivores in reintroduction areas of the iberian lynx (lynx pardinus). | 2017 | 28062843 | |
| barriers to infection of human cells by feline leukemia virus: insights into resistance to zoonosis. | the human genome displays a rich fossil record of past gammaretrovirus infections, yet no current epidemic is evident, despite environmental exposure to viruses that infect human cells in vitro feline leukemia viruses (felvs) rank high on this list, but neither domestic nor workplace exposure has been associated with detectable serological responses. nonspecific inactivation of gammaretroviruses by serum factors appears insufficient to explain these observations. to investigate further, we explo ... | 2017 | 28031367 |
| akt capture by feline leukemia virus. | oncogene-containing retroviruses are generated by recombination events between viral and cellular sequences, a phenomenon called "oncogene capture". the captured cellular genes, referred to as "v-onc" genes, then acquire new oncogenic properties. we report a novel feline leukemia virus (felv), designated "felv-akt", that has captured feline c-akt1 in feline lymphoma. felv-akt contains a gag-akt fusion gene that encodes the myristoylated gag matrix protein and the kinase domain of feline c-akt1, ... | 2017 | 28005210 |
| degenerative left shift as a prognostic tool in cats. | a degenerative left shift (dls) is reported to be a poor prognostic indicator in dogs and cats. limited data in dogs and no studies in cats have been published to investigate this claim. | 2017 | 24597712 |
| heme and flvcr-related transporter families slc48 and slc49. | heme is critical for a variety of cellular processes, but excess intracellular heme may result in oxidative stress and membrane injury. feline leukemia virus subgroup c receptor (flvcr1), a member of the slc49 family of four paralogous genes, is a cell surface heme exporter, essential for erythropoiesis and systemic iron homeostasis. disruption of flvcr1 function blocks development of erythroid progenitors, likely due to heme toxicity. mutations of slc49a1 encoding flvcr1 are noted in patients w ... | 2017 | 23506900 |
| molecular detection of hepatozoon spp. and cytauxzoon sp. in domestic and stray cats from madrid, spain. | different species of apicomplexan protozoans of the genera hepatozoon and cytauxzoon can infect domestic cats, but their epidemiology and clinical relevance are not fully understood. the aim of this study was to assess the molecular prevalence of hepatozoon spp. and cytauxzoon spp. and to identify associated risk factors and clinical and laboratory abnormalities in a population of cats from madrid, spain. | 2017 | 28285590 |
| risk factors of different hemoplasma species infections in cats. | hemoplasma species (spp.) commonly cause infections in cats worldwide. however, data on risk factors for infections are limited. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of hemoplasma spp. infections in cats in southern germany and to assess risk factors associated with infection. | 2017 | 28202016 |
| performance of 4 point-of-care screening tests for feline leukemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus. | more than 3 million cats in the united states are infected with felv or fiv. the cornerstone of control is identification and segregation of infected cats. | 2017 | 28158913 |
| association of gingivitis with dental calculus thickness or dental calculus coverage and subgingival bacteria in feline leukemia virus- and feline immunodeficiency virus-negative cats. | periodontal disease is the most common oral disease in cats. the objectives of this study were to determine the relationships between gingivitis and dental calculus thickness (dct), or dental calculus coverage (dcc); determine the association of gingivitis scores and types of oral bacteria; and to evaluate bacterial co-infection in cats with periodontal disease. twelve cats that were not infected with feline leukemia or feline immunodeficiency viruses were enrolled in the study. gingivitis, dct, ... | 2017 | 28154463 |
| clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical and molecular characterization of feline chronic gingivostomatitis. | objectives this study presents the clinical, pathological, immunohistochemical and molecular characterization of 26 cats with feline chronic gingivostomatitis (fcg). methods oral mucosal biopsies, blood and swabs were collected from cats presenting with oral lesions. the tissue sections were submitted for histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis for feline calicivirus (fcv), feline leukemia virus (felv) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv). the swabs were subjected to pcr analysis for ... | 2017 | 26858258 |
| molecular detection of feline leukemia virus in free-ranging jaguars (panthera onca) in the pantanal region of mato grosso, brazil. | 2017 | 27037112 | |
| tlr stimulation dynamically regulates heme and iron export gene expression in macrophages. | pathogenic bacteria have evolved multiple mechanisms to capture iron or iron-containing heme from host tissues or blood. in response, organisms have developed defense mechanisms to keep iron from pathogens. very little of the body's iron store is available as free heme; rather nearly all body iron is complexed with heme or other proteins. the feline leukemia virus, subgroup c (felv-c) receptor, flvcr, exports heme from cells. it was unknown whether flvcr regulates heme-iron availability after in ... | 2016 | 27006955 |
| cutaneous lymphoma at injection sites: pathological, immunophenotypical, and molecular characterization in 17 cats. | feline primary cutaneous lymphomas (fpcls) account for 0.2% to 3% of all lymphomas in cats and are more frequently dermal nonepitheliotropic small t-cell tumors. emergence of fpcl seems unrelated to feline leukemia virus (felv) serological positivity or to skin inflammation. a total of 17 cutaneous lymphomas with a history of vaccine injection at the site of tumor development were selected from 47 fpcls. clinical presentation, histology, immunophenotype, felv p27 and gp70 expression, and clonali ... | 2016 | 26933095 |
| novel feline leukemia virus interference group based on the env gene. | feline leukemia virus (felv) subgroups have emerged in infected cats via the mutation or recombination of the env gene of subgroup a felv (felv-a), the primary virus. we report the isolation and characterization of a novel env gene, tg35-2, and report that the tg35-2 pseudotype can be categorized as a novel felv subgroup. the tg35-2 envelope protein displays strong sequence identity to felv-a env, suggesting that selection pressure in cats causes novel felv subgroups to emerge. | 2016 | 26889025 |
| genotyping of feline leukemia virus in mexican housecats. | feline leukemia virus (felv) is a retrovirus with variable rates of infection globally. dna was obtained from cats' peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and proviral dna of pol and env genes was detected using pcr. seventy-six percent of cats scored positive for felv using env-pcr; and 54 %, by pol-pcr. phylogenetic analysis of both regions identified sequences that correspond to a group that includes endogenous retroviruses. they form an independent branch and, therefore, a new group of endogeno ... | 2016 | 26747244 |
| causes of endogenous uveitis in cats presented to referral clinics in north carolina. | to investigate the causes of endogenous uveitis in cats presenting to referral ophthalmology clinics in north carolina. | 2016 | 26559384 |
| molecular characterization and virus neutralization patterns of severe, non-epizootic forms of feline calicivirus infections resembling virulent systemic disease in cats in switzerland and in liechtenstein. | feline calicivirus (fcv) infections are associated with oral ulceration, chronic stomatitis and a limping syndrome. epizootic outbreaks of virulent systemic disease (vsd) have been reported in the usa and europe. here, the molecular characterization and neutralization patterns of fcv isolates from cases of severe, non-epizootic infection associated with skin ulceration and edema are presented. samples from eleven symptomatic cats, four in-contact cats and 27 cats with no contact with symptomatic ... | 2016 | 26711049 |
| a treatment of stomatitis and treatment in cats. | a three-year old spayed female domestic shorthair was diagnosed with chronic plasmacytic stomatitis involving the mandibular gingiva caudal to the canine teeth. the cat presented with excessive drooling and bleeding from the gums. the definitive diagnosis was made on oral tissue samples obtained by biopsy and submitted for histopathology. the management included bilateral extraction of the mandibular and maxillary premolars and molars with closure of the defects utilizing a single mucosal flap i ... | 2016 | 23966534 |
| suspected myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm in a feline leukemia virus-negative cat. | a 10-year-old castrated domestic short-haired cat was presented to a primary care veterinarian for a wellness examination and laboratory examination for monitoring of diabetes mellitus. the cbc revealed marked thrombocytosis, leukopenia and macrocytic, normochromic anemia. the cat tested negative for felv and feline immunodeficiency virus, but was positive for mycoplasma haemominutum by pcr. hematologic abnormalities were not responsive to therapy, so a repeat cbc and a bone marrow aspiration fo ... | 2016 | 27870069 |
| viral diagnostic criteria for feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus infections in domestic cats from buenos aires, argentina. | a cross-sectional study was carried out on cats attending the small animal hospital at the faculty of veterinary sciences of the university of buenos aires to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) in the city of buenos aires, argentina. blood samples from 255 cats with symptoms compatible with fiv or felv infection, collected between 2009 and 2013 were analyzed by serology (immunochromatography, ia) and by hemi-n ... | 2016 | 27825735 |
| role of feline immunodeficiency virus in lymphomagenesis--going alone or colluding? | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is a naturally occurring lentivirus of domestic and nondomestic feline species. infection in domestic cats leads to immune dysfunction via mechanisms similar to those caused by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and, as such, is a valuable natural animal model for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in humans. an association between fiv and an increased incidence of neoplasia has long been recognized, with frequencies of up to 20% in fiv-positive cats re ... | 2016 | 27034392 |
| prevalence of leishmania infantum and co-infections in stray cats in northern italy. | stray cats in the city of milan, italy, were tested for leishmania infantum and other selected infections. twenty-seven cats (30.0%) were seroreactive by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat), with an antibody titer of 1:40 for 16 (17.7%) cats and 1:80 (cut-off for feline l. infantum infection) for 11 (12.2%) cats. one blood (1.1%) and one popliteal lymph node (1.1%) sample tested positive by real-time polymerase chain reaction; no oculoconjunctival swabs tested positive. feline immunodefici ... | 2016 | 27012922 |
| toxoplasma gondii, dirofilaria immitis, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and feline leukemia virus (felv) infections in stray and pet cats (felis catus) in northwest china: co-infections and risk factors. | this study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of toxoplasma gondii, dirofilaria immitis, feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), and feline leukemia virus (felv) infections among stray and pet cats in lanzhou, northwest china, and to identify the influence of age, gender, and regions on seropositivity. t. gondii antibodies were examined in cat sera by the modified agglutination test (mat). the circulating antigens of d. immitis and felv and specific antibodies to fiv were examined using kits ... | 2016 | 26362646 |
| mutations in the heme exporter flvcr1 cause sensory neurodegeneration with loss of pain perception. | pain is necessary to alert us to actual or potential tissue damage. specialized nerve cells in the body periphery, so called nociceptors, are fundamental to mediate pain perception and humans without pain perception are at permanent risk for injuries, burns and mutilations. pain insensitivity can be caused by sensory neurodegeneration which is a hallmark of hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathies (hsans). although mutations in several genes were previously associated with sensory neurodege ... | 2016 | 27923065 |
| maternal iron status during pregnancy compared with neonatal iron status better predicts placental iron transporter expression in humans. | the placenta richly expresses nonheme and heme fe transport proteins. to address the impact of maternal and neonatal fe status and hepcidin on the regulation of these proteins, mrna expression and protein abundance of nonheme and heme fe transport proteins were evaluated in placental tissue from 154 adolescents. regression analyses found maternal fe status was significantly associated with multiple placental nonheme and heme transporters, whereas neonatal fe status was related to only 3 heme tra ... | 2016 | 27402672 |
| alteration of heme metabolism in a cellular model of diamond-blackfan anemia. | diamond-blackfan anemia (dba) is a congenital pure red cell aplasia often associated with skeletal malformations. mutations in ribosomal protein coding genes, mainly in rps19, account for the majority of dba cases. the molecular mechanisms underlying dba pathogenesis are still not completely understood. alternative spliced isoforms of flvcr1 (feline leukemia virus subgroup c receptor 1) transcript coding for non-functional proteins have been reported in some dba patients. consistently, a phenoty ... | 2016 | 26058344 |
| [efficacy of sirna on feline leukemia virus replication in vitro]. | feline leukemia virus (felv) can lead to severe clinical signs in cats. until now, there is no effective therapy for felv-infected cats. rna interference-based antiviral therapy is a new concept. specific small interfering rna (sirna) are designed complementary to the mrna of a target region, and thus inhibit replication. several studies have proven efficacy of sirnas in inhibiting virus replication. the aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory potential of sirnas against felv replicatio ... | 2016 | 26054227 |
| overexpression of feline tripartite motif-containing 25 interferes with the late stage of feline leukemia virus replication. | tripartite motif-containing 25 (trim25) regulates various cellular processes through e3 ubiquitin ligase activity. previous studies have revealed that the expression of trim25 is induced by type i interferon and that trim25 is involved in the host cellular innate immune response against retroviral infection. although retroviral infection is prevalent in domestic cats, the roles of feline trim25 in the immune response against these viral infections are poorly understood. because feline trim25 is ... | 2015 | 25913257 |
| genetic diversity in the feline leukemia virus gag gene. | feline leukemia virus (felv) belongs to the gammaretrovirus genus and is horizontally transmitted among cats. felv is known to undergo recombination with endogenous retroviruses already present in the host during felv-subgroup a infection. such recombinant felvs, designated felv-subgroup b or felv-subgroup d, can be generated by transduced endogenous retroviral env sequences encoding the viral envelope. these recombinant viruses have biologically distinct properties and may mediate different dis ... | 2015 | 25892717 |
| decreased expression of endogenous feline leukemia virus in cat lymphomas: a case control study. | cats infected with exogenous feline leukemia virus (exfelv) have a higher chance of lymphoma development than uninfected cats. furthermore, an increased exfelv transcription has been detected in lymphomas compared to non-malignant tissues. the possible mechanisms of lymphoma development by exfelv are insertional mutagenesis or persistent stimulation of host immune cells by viral antigens, bringing them at risk for malignant transformation. vaccination of cats against exfelv has in recent years d ... | 2015 | 25879730 |
| gammaretrovirus-specific antibodies in free-ranging and captive namibian cheetahs. | the cheetah population in namibia is the largest free-ranging population in the world and a key population for research regarding the health status of this species. we used serological methods and quantitative real-time pcr to test free-ranging and captive namibian cheetahs for the presence of feline leukemia virus (felv), a gammaretrovirus that can be highly aggressive in populations with low genetic diversity, such as cheetahs. we also assessed the presence of antibodies to other gammaretrovir ... | 2015 | 25809630 |
| the heme exporter flvcr1 regulates expansion and differentiation of committed erythroid progenitors by controlling intracellular heme accumulation. | feline leukemia virus subgroup c receptor 1 (flvcr1) encodes two heme exporters: flvcr1a, which localizes to the plasma membrane, and flvcr1b, which localizes to mitochondria. here, we investigated the role of the two flvcr1 isoforms during erythropoiesis. we showed that, in mice and zebrafish, flvcr1a is required for the expansion of committed erythroid progenitors but cannot drive their terminal differentiation, while flvcr1b contributes to the expansion phase and is required for differentiati ... | 2015 | 25795718 |
| no benefit of therapeutic vaccination in clinically healthy cats persistently infected with feline leukemia virus. | therapeutic vaccinations have a potential application in infections where no curative treatment is available. in contrast to hiv, efficacious vaccines for a cat retrovirus, feline leukemia virus (felv), are commercially available. however, the infection is still prevalent, and no effective treatment of the infection is known. by vaccinating persistently felv-infected cats and presenting felv antigens to the immune system of the host, e.g., in the form of recombinant and/or adjuvanted antigens, w ... | 2015 | 25698488 |
| heme exporter flvcr is required for t cell development and peripheral survival. | all aerobic cells and organisms must synthesize heme from the amino acid glycine and the tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate succinyl coa for incorporation into hemoproteins, such as the cytochromes needed for oxidative phosphorylation. most studies on heme regulation have been done in erythroid cells or hepatocytes; however, much less is known about heme metabolism in other cell types. the feline leukemia virus subgroup c receptor (flvcr) is a 12-transmembrane domain surface protein that expo ... | 2015 | 25582857 |
| long-term follow up of feline leukemia virus infection and characterization of viral rna loads using molecular methods in tissues of cats with different infection outcomes. | it is a remarkable feature for a retrovirus that an infection with feline leukemia virus (felv) can result in various outcomes. whereas some cats contain the infection and show a regressive course, others stay viremic and succumb to the infection within a few years. we hypothesized, that differences in the infection outcome might be causally linked to the viral rna and provirus loads within the host and these loads therefore may give additional insight into the pathogenesis of the virus. thus, t ... | 2015 | 25553598 |
| evaluation of the effect of short-term treatment with the integrase inhibitor raltegravir (isentress) on the course of progressive feline leukemia virus infection. | cats persistently infected with the gammaretrovirus feline leukemia virus (felv) are at risk to die within months to years from felv-associated disease, such as immunosuppression, anemia or lymphoma/leukemia. the integrase inhibitor raltegravir has been demonstrated to reduce felv replication in vitro. the aim of the present study was to investigate raltegravir in vivo for its safety and efficacy to suppress felv replication. the safety was tested in three naïve specified pathogen-free (spf) cat ... | 2015 | 25500005 |
| mutations altering the gammaretrovirus endoproteolytic motif affect glycosylation of the envelope glycoprotein and early events of the virus life cycle. | previously, we found that mutation of glutamine to proline in the endoproteolytic cleavage signal of the perv-c envelope (rqkk to rpkk) resulted in non-infectious vectors. here, we show that rpkk results in a non-infectious vector when placed in not only a perv envelope, but also the envelope of a related gammaretrovirus, felv-b. the amino acid substitutions do not prevent envelope precursor cleavage, viral core and genome assembly, or receptor binding. rather, the mutations result in the format ... | 2015 | 25462351 |
| a soluble envelope protein of endogenous retrovirus (felix) present in serum of domestic cats mediates infection of a pathogenic variant of feline leukemia virus. | t-lymphotropic feline leukemia virus (felv-t), a highly pathogenic variant of felv, induces severe immunosuppression in cats. felv-t is fusion defective because in its phq motif, a gammaretroviral consensus motif in the n terminus of an envelope protein, histidine is replaced with aspartate. infection by felv-t requires felix, a truncated envelope protein encoded by an endogenous felv, for transactivation of infectivity and pit1 for binding felix. although pit1 is present in most tissues in cats ... | 2015 | 25395593 |
| feline upper respiratory tract lymphoma: site, cyto-histology, phenotype, felv expression, and prognosis. | lymphoma is the most common feline upper respiratory tract (urt) tumor. primary nasal and nasopharyngeal lymphomas have been evaluated as distinct pathological entities; however, data on their differing clinical behavior are missing. a total of 164 endoscopic- guided urt pinch biopsies were formalin fixed and routinely processed. imprint cytological specimens were stained with may grünwald-giemsa. immunohistochemistry for anti-cd20, cd3, felvp27, and felvgp70 was performed. prognostic significan ... | 2015 | 24903757 |
| rapid and sensitive detection of feline immunodeficiency virus using an insulated isothermal pcr-based assay with a point-of-need pcr detection platform. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) is an important infectious agent of cats. clinical syndromes resulting from fiv infection include immunodeficiency, opportunistic infections, and neoplasia. in our study, a 5' long terminal repeat/gag region-based reverse transcription insulated isothermal polymerase chain reaction (rt-iipcr) was developed to amplify all known fiv strains to facilitate point-of-need fiv diagnosis. the rt-iipcr method was applied in a point-of-need pcr detection platform--a fie ... | 2015 | 26185125 |
| effect of high-dose ciclosporin on the immune response to primary and booster vaccination in immunocompetent cats. | ciclosporin (atopica oral solution for cats 100 mg/ml; novartis animal health) was recently approved for use in cats with feline hypersensitivity dermatitis. the immunosuppressant effect of ciclosporin on the ability of cats to mount an immune response following vaccination was determined. thirty-two healthy, immunocompetent adult cats (16 cats/group) were treated with either ciclosporin for 56 days at a dose of 24 mg/kg once daily or sham dosed. prior to treatment, cats had an adequate antibody ... | 2015 | 24820998 |
| comparative efficacy of feline leukemia virus (felv) inactivated whole-virus vaccine and canarypox virus-vectored vaccine during virulent felv challenge and immunosuppression. | four vaccines for feline leukemia virus (felv) are available in the united states. this study's purpose was to compare the efficacy of nobivac feline 2-felv (an inactivated, adjuvanted whole-virus vaccine) and purevax recombinant felv (a live, canarypox virus-vectored vaccine) following felv challenge. cats were vaccinated at 9 and 12 weeks with nobivac feline 2-felv (group a, n = 11) or purevax recombinant felv (group b, n = 10). group c (n = 11) comprised unvaccinated controls. at 3 months pos ... | 2015 | 25972402 |
| prevalence of selected rickettsial infections in cats in southern germany. | prevalence of anaplasma, ehrlichia, neorickettsia, and wolbachia dna in blood of 479 cats collected in different veterinary clinics in southern germany was determined using a previously published conventional pcr using 16s-23s intergenic spacer primers (5' ctg ggg act acg gtc gca aga c 3' - forward; 5' ctc cag ttt atc act gga agt t 3' - reverse). purified amplicons were sequenced to confirm genus and species. associations between rickettsial infections, and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), a ... | 2015 | 26387062 |
| detection of leishmania major and leishmania tropica in domestic cats in the ege region of turkey. | leishmaniosis is a group of diseases caused by different species of leishmania parasites in mammalian species. the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of leishmania spp. dna in cats using real time polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assays targeting internal transcribed spacer (its1) and heat-shock protein 70 gene (hsp70) regions with leishmania species-specific primers and probes. blood samples were collected from 147 cats (73 female; 74 male) in the endemic regions for zoo ... | 2015 | 26277567 |
| solitary t-cell hepatic lymphoma with large granular lymphocyte morphology in a captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | a 13-yr-old male cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) presented for an acute history of lateral recumbency and anorexia. upon physical examination under general anesthesia, severe icterus was noted. a serum biochemical profile confirmed markedly elevated total bilirubin and alanine transaminase. based on ultrasound-guided liver aspirates and cytology, a presumptive diagnosis of large granular lymphocyte hepatic lymphoma was reached. abdominal and thoracic radiographs did not assist in reaching an antemort ... | 2015 | 26056904 |
| comparison of risk factors for seropositivity to feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus among cats: a case-case study. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) are reported to have similar risk factors and similar recommendations apply to manage infected cats. however, some contrasting evidence exists in the literature with regard to commonly reported risk factors. in this study, we investigated whether the known risk factors for fiv and felv infections have a stronger effect for either infection. this retrospective study included samples from 696 cats seropositive for fiv and 593 cat ... | 2015 | 25889006 |
| feline immunodeficiency virus and feline leukemia virus infection in free-ranging guignas (leopardus guigna) and sympatric domestic cats in human perturbed landscapes on chiloé island, chile. | feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline leukemia virus (felv) are two of the most common viruses affecting domestic cats (felis catus). during the last two decades, reports show that both viruses also infect or affect other species of the family felidae. human landscape perturbation is one of the main causes of emerging diseases in wild animals, facilitating contact and transmission of pathogens between domestic and wild animals. we investigated fiv and felv infection in free-ranging guig ... | 2015 | 25380363 |
| a retrospective clinical and epidemiological study on feline coronavirus (fcov) in cats in istanbul, turkey. | the presence of antibodies to feline coronavirus (fcov) and feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), together with feline leukemia virus (felv) antigen was investigated in 169 ill household and stray cats attending a veterinary surgery in istanbul in 2009-14. the estimated fcov and fiv seroprevalence (95% confidence intervals) were 37% (30-45%) and 11% (6-16%), respectively and felv prevalence was 1% (0-3%). fcov seroprevalence increased until 2 years of age, was highest in 2014 and among household ... | 2015 | 25687627 |
| role of cysteines in stabilizing the randomized receptor binding domains within feline leukemia virus envelope proteins. | retargeting of gammaretroviral envelope proteins has shown promising results in the isolation of novel isolates with therapeutic potential. however, the optimal conditions required to obtain high-affinity retargeted envelope proteins with narrow tropism are not understood. this study highlights the advantage of constrained peptides within receptor binding domains and validates the random library screening technique of obtaining novel retargeted env proteins. using a modified vector backbone to s ... | 2015 | 26719270 |
| retroviral dna--the silent winner: blood transfusion containing latent feline leukemia provirus causes infection and disease in naïve recipient cats. | the feline leukemia virus (felv) is a gamma-retrovirus of domestic cats that was discovered half a century ago. cats that are infected with felv may develop a progressive infection resulting in persistent viremia, immunodeficiency, tumors, anemia and death. a significant number of cats mount a protective immune response that suppresses viremia; these cats develop a regressive infection characterized by the absence of viral replication and the presence of low levels of proviral dna. the biologica ... | 2015 | 26689419 |
| multicentric t-cell lymphoma and cutaneous hemangiosarcoma in a captive cheetah (acinonyx jubatus). | a 13-yr-old intact male cheetah (acinonyx jubatus) presented for evaluation after a 4-mo history of intermittent lethargy and increased expiratory effort. the clinical signs were initially noted after the diagnosis and death of its 13-yr-old male sibling with solitary hepatic t-cell lymphoma. physical examination findings included thin body condition, harsh lung sounds, peripheral lymphadenopathy, and a cutaneous mass on the right medial tarsus and scrotum. excisional biopsies diagnosed well-dif ... | 2015 | 26667562 |
| reply to "immunosuppression in a comparative study of feline leukemia virus vaccines". | 2015 | 26604265 | |
| immunosuppression in a comparative study of feline leukemia virus vaccines. | 2015 | 26604264 |