Publications

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evolution of the spx gene family in plants and its role in the response mechanism to phosphorus stress.molecular and genomic studies have shown the presence of a large number of spx gene family members in plants, some of which have been proved to act in p signalling and homeostasis. in this study, the molecular and evolutionary characteristics of the spx gene family in plants were comprehensively analysed, and the mechanisms underlying the function of spx genes in p signalling and homeostasis in the model plant species arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana) and rice (oryza sativa), and in important c ...201829298909
regulation of sucrose transporters and phloem loading in response to environmental cues.suc transporters (suts) play a key role in the allocation and partitioning of photosynthetically fixed carbon in plants. while a function could be assigned to many members of the sut family, almost no information is available on their regulation. here, the transcriptional regulation of suts in response to various environmental stimuli in the leaves of five dicots (arabidopsis [arabidopsis thaliana], soybean [glycine max], potato [solanum tuberosum], tomato [solanumlycopersicum], and poplar [popu ...201829158330
acyl-coa-binding protein family members in laticifers are possibly involved in lipid and latex metabolism of hevea brasiliensis (the para rubber tree).acyl-coa-binding proteins (acbps) are mainly involved in acyl-coa ester binding and trafficking in eukaryotic cells, and their various functions have been characterized in model plants, such as arabidopsis thaliana (a. thaliana), oryza sativa (rice), and other plant species. in the present study, genome-wide mining and expression analysis of acbp genes was performed on hevea brasiliensis (the para rubber tree), the most important latex-producing crop in the world.201829295704
sequencing of bulks of segregants allows dissection of genetic control of amylose content in rice.amylose content (ac) is a key quality trait in rice. a cross between oryza glaberrima (african rice) and oryza sativa (asian rice) segregating for ac was analysed by sequencing bulks of individuals with high and low ac. snp associated with the granule bound starch synthase (gbss1) locus on chromosome 6 were polymorphic between the bulks. in particular, a g/a snp that would result in an asp to asn mutation was identified. this amino acid substitution may be responsible for differences in gbss act ...201828499072
overcoming the species hybridization barrier by ploidy manipulation in the genus oryza.in most eudicot and monocot species, interspecific and interploidy crosses generally display abnormalities in the endosperm that are the major cause of a post-zygotic hybridization barrier. in some eudicot species, however, this type of hybridization barrier can be overcome by the manipulation of ploidy levels of one parental species, suggesting that the molecular mechanisms underlying the species hybridization barrier can be circumvented by genome dosage. we previously demonstrated that endospe ...201829271099
pan-genome analysis highlights the extent of genomic variation in cultivated and wild rice.the rich genetic diversity in oryza sativa and oryza rufipogon serves as the main sources in rice breeding. large-scale resequencing has been undertaken to discover allelic variants in rice, but much of the information for genetic variation is often lost by direct mapping of short sequence reads onto the o. sativa japonica nipponbare reference genome. here we constructed a pan-genome dataset of the o. sativa-o. rufipogon species complex through deep sequencing and de novo assembly of 66 divergen ...201829335547
the c-s-a gene system regulates hull pigmentation and reveals evolution of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in rice.floral organs in rice (oryza sativa) can be purple, brown or red in color due to the accumulation of flavonoids. but the molecular mechanism underlying specific organ pigmentation is not clear. here, we propose a c-s-a gene model for rice hull pigmentation and characterize through genetic, molecular and metabolomic approaches. further we conduct phylogenetic studies to reveal the evolution of rice color. in this gene system, c1 encodes a r2r3-myb transcription factor and acts as a color-producin ...201829361187
a negative regulator in response to salinity in rice: oryza sativa salt-, aba- and drought-induced ring finger protein 1 (ossadr1).ring (really interesting new gene) finger proteins play crucial roles in abiotic stress responses in plants. we report the ring finger e3 ligase, an oryza sativa salt, abscisic acid (aba), and drought stress-induced ring finger protein 1 gene (ossadr1). we demonstrated that although ossar1 possesses e3 ligase activity, a single amino acid substitution (ossadr1c168a) in the ring domain exhibited no e3 ligase activity, suggesting that the activity of most e3s is specified by the ring domain. addit ...201829361060
osmads57 together with ostb1 coordinates transcription of its target oswrky94 and d14 to switch its organogenesis to defense for cold adaptation in rice.plants modify their development to adapt to their environment, protecting themselves from detrimental conditions such as chilling stress by triggering a variety of signaling pathways; however, little is known about how plants coordinate developmental patterns and stress responses at the molecular level. here, we demonstrate that interacting transcription factors osmads57 and ostb1 directly target the defense gene oswrky94 and the organogenesis gene d14 to trade off the functions controlling/mode ...201829364524
rice nucleosome patterns undergo remodeling coincident with stress-induced gene expression.formation of nucleosomes along eukaryotic dna has an impact on transcription. major transcriptional changes occur in response to low external phosphate (pi) in plants, but the involvement of chromatin-level mechanisms in pi starvation responses have not been investigated.201829373953
biochar amendment changes jasmonic acid levels in two rice varieties and alters their resistance to herbivory.biochar addition to soil not only sequesters carbon for the long-term but enhances agricultural productivity. several well-known benefits arise from biochar amendment, including constant provision of nutrients, increased soil moisture retention, decreased soil bulk density, and sometimes the induction of systemic resistance against foliar and soil borne plant pathogens. however, no research has investigated the potential of biochar to increase resistance against herbivory. the white-backed plant ...201829373575
characterization and oral delivery of proinsulin-transferrin fusion protein expressed using expresstec.proinsulin-transferrin fusion protein (proins-tf) has been designed and successfully expressed from the mammalian hek293 cells (hek-proins-tf). it was found that hek-proins-tf could be converted into an activated form in the liver. furthermore, hek-proins-tf was demonstrated as an extra-long acting insulin analogue with liver-specific insulin action in streptozotocin (stz)-induced type 1 diabetic mice. however, due to the low production yield from transfected hek293 cells, there are other intere ...201829373562
exploring traditional aus-type rice for metabolites conferring drought tolerance.traditional varieties and landraces belonging to the aus-type group of rice (oryza sativa l.) are known to be highly tolerant to environmental stresses, such as drought and heat, and are therefore recognized as a valuable genetic resource for crop improvement. using two aus-type (dular, n22) and two drought intolerant irrigated varieties (ir64, ir74) an untargeted metabolomics analysis was conducted to identify drought-responsive metabolites associated with tolerance.201829372429
lack of actpk1, an sty kinase, enhances ammonium uptake and use and promotes growth of rice seedlings under sufficient external ammonium.ammonium influx into plant roots via the high-affinity transport system (hats) is down-modulated under elevated external ammonium, preventing ammonium toxicity. in ammonium-fed arabidopsis, ammonium transporter 1 (amt1) trimers responsible for hats activity are allosterically inactivated in a dose-dependent manner via phosphorylation of the conserved threonine at the carboxyl-tail by the calcineurin b-like protein 1-calcineurin b-like protein-interacting protein kinase 23 complex and other yet u ...201829356222
plant s6 kinases do not require hydrophobic motif phosphorylation for activity in yeast lacking ypk3.the ribosomal protein s6 kinases (s6k) are among the major substrates and crucial effectors of the target of rapamycin (tor) kinase, which is an evolutionarily conserved regulator of cell growth and proliferation. recent research indicates that yeast ypk3 is an ortholog of mammalian s6ks. here, we find that plant s6ks restore ribosomal protein s6 phosphorylation in a rapamycin-sensitive manner in yeast cells lacking ypk3. however, phosphorylation of a hydrophobic motif, which is mediated through ...201829355926
the newly identified heat-stress sensitive albino 1 gene affects chloroplast development in rice.high temperature, a major abiotic stress, significantly affects the yield and quality of crops in many parts of the world. components of the photosynthetic apparatus are highly susceptible to thermal damage. although the responses to acute heat stress have been studied intensively, the mechanisms that regulate chloroplast development under heat stress remain obscure, especially in crop plants. here, we cloned and characterized the gene responsible for the heat-sensitive albino1 (hsa1) mutation i ...201829362095
draft genome sequence of pantoea ananatis strain 1.38, a bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of oryza sativa var. puntal that shows biotechnological potential as an inoculant.pantoea ananatis 1.38 is a strain isolated from the rhizosphere of irrigated rice in southern spain. its genome was estimated at 4,869,281 bp, with 4,644 coding sequences (cdss). the genome encompasses several cdss related to plant growth promotion, such as that for siderophore metabolism, and virulence genes characteristic of pathogenic pantoea spp. are absent.201829371365
chlorophyll fluorescence and reflectance-based non-invasive quantification of blast, bacterial blight and drought stresses in rice.response of rice (oryza sativa) exposed to both biotic and abiotic stresses can be quantified by employing fast and accurate optical methods. in this study, the overall stress responses of (i) 12 near-isogenic lines (nils) in the genetic background of the rice blast-susceptible cultivar lijiangxintuanheigu (lth) and (ii) four nils in the genetic background of the bacterial blight-susceptible cultivar ir24, were inspected by means of chl fluorescence (chl-f) imaging. the distribution of the maxim ...201829370434
progress in zip transporter gene family in rice.zinc and iron are essential mineral elements for the growth of oryza sativa l. and also micronutrients for human health. therefore, it is vital to study biofortification of rice with zn and fe in order to improve the yield and quality of rice, as well as to enhance nutritional states of humans. the zinc-regulated transporters and iron-regulated transporter-like proteins (the zip family) control the absorption and translocation of zn and fe and maintain their homeostasis in rice. reciprocally, th ...201829367191
overexpression of osmir164b-resistant osnac2 improves plant architecture and grain yield in rice.plant architecture is a major target of rice (oryza sativa) breeding and selection, but the underlying regulatory networks remain unclear. here, we overexpressed a osnac2 mutant (oern) that cannot be cleaved by the microrna mir164b. oern plants had better plant architecture, longer panicles, and produced more grains. the parental line averaged 12.2 primary and 31.5 secondary branches in the main panicles; two oern lines averaged 15.0 and 15.2 primary, and 41.5 and 44.3 secondary branches. in lar ...201829365136
identification of cyp703a3-3 and analysis of regulatory role of cyp703a3 in rice anther cuticle and pollen exine development.anther cuticle and pollen exine are two elaborated lipid-soluble barriers protecting pollen grains from environmental and biological stresses. however, less is known about the mechanisms underlying the synthesis of these lipidic polymers. here, we identified a no-pollen male-sterility mutant cyp703a3-3 from indica restorer line zhonghui 8015 (zh8015) mutant library treated with 60coγ-ray radiation. histological analysis indicated that cyp703a3-3 underwent abnormal tapetal cells development, prod ...201829355682
isovitexin (iv) induces apoptosis and autophagy in liver cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress.liver cancer is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and novel chemotherapeutic drugs to suppress liver cancer are urgently required. isovitexin (iv), a glycosylflavonoid, is extracted from rice hulls of oryza sativa, and has various biological activities. however, the anti-tumor effect of iv against liver cancer has not yet been demonstrated in vitro or in vivo. in the present study, we showed that iv significantly suppressed the growth of liver cancer cells. mechanistic studies indicated ...201829355527
expression analysis of proteinase inhibitor-ii under osrglp2 promoter in response to wounding and signaling molecules in transgenic nicotiana benthamiana.proteinase inhibitor-ii (pi-ii) genes are important defense related genes that play critical regulatory roles in plant growth and development. in the present study, the expression of tomato pi-ii gene was investigated under the control of a wound-inducible osrglp2 (oryza sativa root germin like protein 2) promoter in transgenic tobacco plants after wounding, aba and meja applications. transcript level of target gene in transgenic plants was confirmed by quantitative real time pcr (qpcr). in resp ...201829354362
can cd translocation in oryza sativa l. be attenuated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the presence of edta?arbuscular mycorrhizal (am) fungi play an important role in plant tolerance of heavy metal contamination. in this study, a pot experiment was conducted to illustrate the effects of the two am fungi species funneliformis mosseae (fm) and rhizophagus irregularis (ri) on plant growth of oryza sativa l. either with or without ethylenediamine tetraacetate (edta) addition and during exposure to five cd concentrations (in the range of 0-5 mg kg-1). the results showed that fm inoculation achieved greate ...201829349740
modulates brassinosteroids-mediated growth regulation and influences architecture and grain shape.rice (oryza sativa) is the most important crop and feeds more than half of the world population. the architecture of rice, including height, leaf inclination, and tiller number, is important for rice planting and yield. plant hormone, brassinosteroids (br), plays crucial roles in modulating plant architecture and seed yield. but br cannot be applied in agriculture production directly because br regulated multiple processes and could not be transcriptional regulated in different tissues. this art ...201829345105
effects of silver nanocolloids on plant complex type n-glycans in oryza sativa roots.silver nanomaterials have been mainly developed as antibacterial healthcare products worldwide, because of their antibacterial activity. however, there is little data regarding the potential risks and effects of large amounts of silver nanomaterials on plants. in contrast, n-glycans play important roles in various biological phenomena, and their structures and expressions are sensitive to ambient environmental changes. therefore, to assesse the effects of silver nanomaterials, we focused on the ...201829343819
coexistence of bt-transgenic and conventional rice affects insect abundance and plant fitness in fields.as genetically modified (gm) crops have been cultivated worldwide, concerns emerge over ecological consequences because of the coexistence of transgenic and non-transgenic crops in fields. we first conducted field experiments using insect-resistant bt-transgenic rice expressing bacillus thuringiensis and its counterpart conventional rice (oryza sativa l.) with or without insecticide spraying in 2013 and 2014. in 2015 and 2016, bt-transgenic and conventional rice were employed in the pure and mix ...201829318739
diminution of arsenic accumulation in rice seedlings co-cultured with anabaena sp.: modulation in the expression of lower silicon transporters, two nitrogen dependent genes and lowering of antioxidants activity.the present study was intended to investigate the role of algae, anabaena sp. in the amelioration of as toxicity, when co-cultured with rice seedlings. the reduction of growth in rice seedlings against as(iii) and as(v) was recovered with anabaena sp. the anabaena sp. also reduced the accumulation of as, where it was more efficient against 60µm as(iii) (49%) than as(v) (23%) in rice shoot. similarly, with reduction of as accumulation, lower silicon transporters (lsi-1 and lsi-2) was found to be ...201829331724
contrasting effects of alkaline amendments on the bioavailability and uptake of cd in rice plants in a cd-contaminated acid paddy soil.reducing cadmium (cd) concentrations in rice grains is important for food safety, particularly in acid paddy fields in south china where the soils have been previously contaminated with cd. a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of four alkaline amendments, i.e., lime, compost, biochar, and carbide slag on soil bioavailability and uptake of cd in plants of two rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.) in a cd-contaminated acid paddy soil. the addition of these amendments significantly d ...201829330814
genome-wide analyses of direct target genes of four rice nac-domain transcription factors involved in drought tolerance.plant stress responses and mechanisms determining tolerance are controlled by diverse sets of genes. transcription factors (tfs) have been implicated in conferring drought tolerance under drought stress conditions, and the identification of their target genes can elucidate molecular regulatory networks that orchestrate tolerance mechanisms.201829329517
1h, 13c and 15n nmr assignments of cyclophilin lrt2 (oscyp2) from rice.cyclophilins are enzymes that catalyze the isomerization of a prolyl-peptide bond and are found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. lrt2 (also known as oscyp2) is a cyclophilin in rice (oryza sativa), that has importance in lateral root development and stress tolerance. lrt2 is 172 amino acids long and has a molecular weight of 18.3 kda. here, we report the backbone and sidechain resonance assignments of 1h, 13c, 15n in the lrt2 protein using several 2d and 3d heteronuclear nmr experiments at ph ...201829353448
deciphering the environmental impacts on rice quality for different rice cultivated areas.rice (oryza sativa l.) is cultivated in a wide range of climatic conditions, and is one of mankind's major staple foods. the interaction of environmental factors with genotype effects major agronomic traits such as yield, quality, and resistance in rice. however, studies on the environmental factors affecting agronomic traits are often difficult to conduct because most environmental factors are dynamic and constantly changing.201829352429
characterization of new bioactive enzyme inhibitors from endophytic bacillus amyloliquefaciens rwl-1.endophytic bacteria are known to produce a wide array of bioactive secondary metabolites with beneficial effects on human health. in the current study, a novel endophytic bacterial strain, bacillus amyloliquefaciens rwl-1, was isolated from the seeds of oryza sativa. initially, the crude extract of rwl-1 was assessed for potential biological effects of enzyme inhibition and cytotoxicity and was found to exhibit a broad spectrum inhibition for α-glucosidase (37 ± 0.09%) and urease (49.4 ± 0.53%). ...201829304029
multiple origin but single domestication led to oryza sativa.the domestication scenario that led to asian rice (oryza sativa) is a contentious topic. here, we have reanalyzed a previously published large-scale wild and domesticated rice dataset, which were also analyzed by two studies but resulted in two contrasting domestication models. we suggest the analysis of false positive selective sweep regions and phylogenetic analysis of concatenated genomic regions may have been the sources that contributed to the different results. in the end, our result indic ...201829301862
exogenous short-term silicon application regulates macro-nutrients, endogenous phytohormones, and protein expression in oryza sativa l.silicon (si) has been known to regulate plant growth; however, the underlying mechanisms of short-term exogenous si application on the regulation of calcium (ca) and nitrogen (n), endogenous phytohormones, and expression of essential proteins have been little understood.201829301510
identification and comparative analysis of premature senescence leaf mutants in rice (oryza sativa l.).premature leaf senescence negatively impacts the grain yield in the important monocot rice (oryza sativa l.); to understand the molecular mechanism we carried out a screen for mutants with premature senescence leaves in a mutant bank generated by ethyl methane sulfonate (ems) mutagenesis of elite indica rice zhongjian100. five premature senescence leaf (psl15, psl50, psl89, psl117 and psl270) mutants were identified with distinct yellowish phenotypes on leaves starting from the tillering stage t ...201829301377
involvement of nadph oxidase isoforms in the production of o2- manipulated by aba in the senescing leaves of early-senescence-leaf (esl) mutant rice (oryza sativa).in this study, the differences in reactive oxygen species (ros) generation and abscisic acid (aba) accumulation in senescing leaves were investigated by early-senescence-leaf (esl) mutant and its wild type, to clarify the relationship among aba levels, ros generation, and nadph oxidase (nox) in senescing leaves of rice (oryza sativa). the temporal expression levels of osnox isoforms in senescing leaves and their expression patterns in response to aba treatment were determined through quantitativ ...201829309410
large root angle1, encoding ospin2, is involved in root system architecture in rice.root system architecture is very important for plant growth and crop yield. it is essential for nutrient and water uptake, anchoring, and mechanical support. root growth angle (rga) is a vital constituent of root system architecture and is used as a parameter for variety evaluation in plant breeding. however, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms that determine root growth angle in rice (oryza sativa). in this study, a rice mutant large root angle1 (lra1) was isolated and sho ...201829294052
protein activity of the fusarium fujikuroi rhodopsins caro and opsa and their relation to fungus-plant interaction.fungi possess diverse photosensory proteins that allow them to perceive different light wavelengths and to adapt to changing light conditions in their environment. the biological and physiological roles of the green light-sensing rhodopsins in fungi are not yet resolved. the rice plant pathogen fusarium fujikuroi exhibits two different rhodopsins, caro and opsa. caro was previously characterized as a light-driven proton pump. we further analyzed the pumping behavior of caro by patch-clamp experi ...201829324661
silicon amendment to rice plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem-sucking insect through modulation of callose deposition.silicon (si) uptake by poaceae plants has beneficial effects on herbivore defense. increased plant physical barrier and altered herbivorous feeding behaviors are documented to reduce herbivorous arthropod feeding and contribute to enhanced plant defense. here, we show that si amendment to rice (oryza sativa) plants contributes to reduced feeding in a phloem feeder, the brown planthopper (nilaparvata lugens, bph), through modulation of callose deposition. we associated the temporal dynamics of bp ...201829321899
rice reduces mn uptake in response to mn stress.rice (oryza sativa l) is one of the most mn-tolerant crops that can grow in submerged paddy fields, where the mn concentration in soil solution is very high due to reduction. although a large part of mn is transferred from the roots to the shoot in rice, the roots are constantly exposed to high mn concentrations in submerged paddies. thus, mechanisms for preventing mn overaccumulation in the cytoplasm of root cells are necessary. recently, we showed that two cation diffusion facilitators, mtp8.1 ...201829286886
membrane fluxes, bypass flows, and sodium stress in rice: the influence of silicon.provision of silicon (si) to roots of rice (oryza sativa l.) can alleviate salt stress by blocking apoplastic, transpirational bypass flow of na+ from root to shoot. however, little is known about how si affects na+ fluxes across cell membranes. here, we measured radiotracer fluxes of 24na+, plasma membrane depolarization, tissue ion accumulation, and transpirational bypass flow, to examine the influence of si on na+ transport patterns in hydroponically grown, salt-sensitive (cv. ir29) and salt- ...201829342282
concentrations of arsenic and lead in rice (oryza sativa l.) in iran: a systematic review and carcinogenic risk assessment.exposure to heavy metals such as arsenic (as), lead (pb), and cadmium (cd) in either the short or the long term can cause cancers in humans. dietary intake and consumption of rice (oryza sativa l.) is increasing in iran, and several studies on the concentration of heavy metals in rice have been carried out in this country in recent years. in this perspective, the main objective of the present study was to investigate, even via a meta-analysis of the existing literature, the presence of as and pb ...201829341878
a profilin gene promoter from switchgrass (panicum virgatum l.) directs strong and specific transgene expression to vascular bundles in rice.a switchgrass vascular tissue-specific promoter (pvpfn2) and its 5'-end serial deletions drive high levels of vascular bundle transgene expression in transgenic rice. constitutive promoters are widely used for crop genetic engineering, which can result in multiple off-target effects, including suboptimal growth and epigenetic gene silencing. these problems can be potentially avoided using tissue-specific promoters for targeted transgene expression. one particularly urgent need for targeted cell ...201829340787
the phytotoxicities of decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209) to different rice cultivars (oryza sativa l.).decabromodiphenyl ether (bde-209), as a major component of brominated flame retardants, has been detected in the agricultural soil in considerable amount. given that bde-209 is toxic, ubiquitous and persistent, bde-209 might induce toxic effects on rice cultivars planted in contaminated soil. a comparative study was conducted on phytotoxicities and gc-ms based antioxidant-related metabolite levels to investigate the differences of phytotoxicities of bde-209 to rice cultivars in yangtze river del ...201829339338
characterisation of a novel quantitative trait locus, gn4-1, for grain number and yield in rice (oryza sativa l.).a novel qtl for grain number, gn4-1, was identified and fine-mapped to an ~ 190-kb region on the long arm of rice chromosome 4. rice grain yield is primarily determined by three components: number of panicles per plant, grain number per panicle and grain weight. among these traits, grain number per panicle is the major contributor to grain yield formation and is a crucial trait for yield improvement. in this study, we identified a major quantitative trait locus (qtl) responsible for rice grain n ...201829299612
genetic dissection of qtls and differentiation analysis of alleles for heading date genes in rice.heading date is an important agronomic trait in rice (oryza sativa l.); it determines the geographical and seasonal adaptability of the crop. single segment substitution lines (sssls) have become the preferred experimental materials in mapping functional genetic variations as the particular chromosome segments from donor genotypes can be evaluated for their impact on the phenotype in a recurrent recipient background. the phenotypic differences can be attributed to the control of quantitative tra ...201829298333
t-dna tagging-based gain-of-function of oshkt1;4 reinforces na exclusion from leaves and stems but triggers na toxicity in roots of rice under salt stress.the high affinity k⁺ transporter 1;4 (hkt1;4) in rice (oryza sativa), which shows na⁺ selective transport with little k⁺ transport activity, has been suggested to be involved in reducing na in leaves and stems under salt stress. however, detailed physiological roles of oshkt1;4 remain unknown. here, we have characterized a transfer dna (t-dna) insertion mutant line of rice, which overexpresses oshkt1;4, owing to enhancer elements in the t-dna, to gain an insight into the impact of oshkt1;4 on sa ...201829329278
a maize phytochrome-interacting factors protein zmpif1 enhances drought tolerance by inducing stomatal closure and improves grain yield in oryza sativa.phytochrome-interacting factors (pifs) play major roles in regulating plant growth and development, but their roles in drought stress remain elusive. here, we cloned and characterized a maize (zea mays) pif transcription factor, zmpif1. the expression level of zmpif1 was significantly induced by independent drought and abscisic acid (aba) treatments. the zmpif1 transgenic rice and arabidopsis displayed water-saving and drought-resistance, which were associated with reduced a stomatal aperture an ...201829327440
a novel rice xylosyltransferase catalyzes the addition of 2-o-xylosyl side chains onto the xylan backbone.xylan is a major hemicellulose in both primary walls and secondary walls of grass species. it consists of a linear backbone of β-1,4-linked xylosyl residues that are often substituted with monosaccharides and disaccharides. xylosyl substitutions directly on the xylan backbone have not been reported in grass species and genes responsible for xylan substitutions in grass species have not been well elucidated. here, we report functional characterization of a rice (oryza sativa) gt61 glycosyltransfe ...201829325159
strigolactone biosynthesis genes of rice is required for the punctual entry of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi into the roots.arbuscular mycorrhiza (am) is a mutualistic association between most plant species and the ancient fungal phylum glomeromycota in roots, and it plays a key role in a plant's nutrient uptake from the soil. roots synthesize strigolactones (sls), derivatives of carotenoids, and exude them to induce energy metabolism and hyphal branching of am fungi. despite the well-documented roles of sls in the presymbiotic phase, little is known about the role of sls in the process of root colonization. here we ...201829325120
influence of cadmium stress on root exudates of high cadmium accumulating rice line (oryza sativa l.).a hydroponic experiment with two different cadmium (cd) accumulating rice lines of lu527-8 (the high cd accumulating rice line) and lu527-4 (the normal rice line) was carried out to explore the links among cd stress, root exudates and cd accumulation. the results showed that (1) cd stress increased quantities of organic acids, but had no effect on composition in root exudates of the two rice lines. in cd treatments, the contents of every detected organic acid in root exudates of lu527-8 were 1.7 ...201829276952
mercury in rice (oryza sativa l.) and rice-paddy soils under long-term fertilizer and organic amendment.high levels of mercury (hg), especially methylmercury (mehg), in rice is of concern due to its potential of entering food chain and the high toxicity to human. the level and form of hg in rice could be influenced by fertilizers and other soil amendments. studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of 24 years application of chemical fertilizers and organic amendments on total hg (thg) and mehg and their translocation in soil, plants, and rice grain. all treatments led to significantly higher c ...201829272715
illuminating the role of the gα heterotrimeric g protein subunit, rga1, in regulating photoprotection and photoavoidance in rice.we studied physiological mechanisms of photoavoidance and photoprotection of a dwarf rice mutant with erect leaves, d1, in which the rga1 gene, which encodes the gα subunit of the heterotrimeric g protein, is non-functional. leaves of d1 exhibit lower leaf temperature and higher photochemical reflectance index relative to wild type (wt), indicative of increased photoavoidance and more efficient light harvesting. rna sequencing analysis of flag leaves revealed that messenger rna levels of genes e ...201829216416
gene mapping and transcriptome profiling of a practical photo-thermo-sensitive rice male sterile line with seedling-specific green-revertible albino leaf.abnormal environment weather can cause rice photoperiod-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (ptgms) lines fertile or partially fertile and thus cause the mixture of true hybrids with selfing seeds. seedling-specific green-revertible albino leaf color mutant can be used to distinguish the real hybrids. besides, it can also be used as an ideal material to research the development of chloroplast and biosynthesis of chlorophyll. the phenotype of leaf color mutants includes light green, yellowing, al ...201829241565
the imprints of the high light and uv-b stresses in oryza sativa l. 'kanchana' seedlings are differentially modulated.high light and ultraviolet-b radiation (uv-b) are generally considered to have negative impact on photosynthesis and plant growth. the present study evaluates the tolerance potential of three cultivars of oryza sativa l. (kanchana, mattatriveni and harsha) seedlings towards high light and uv-b stress on the basis of photosynthetic pigment degradation, chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters and rate of lipid peroxidation, expressed by malondialdehyde content. surprisingly, it was revealed that kan ...201829253814
dark conditions enhance aluminum tolerance in several rice cultivars via multiple modulations of membrane sterols.aluminum-sensitive rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars showed increased al tolerance under dark conditions, because less al accumulated in the root tips (1 cm) under dark than under light conditions. under dark conditions, the root tip concentration of total sterols, which generally reduce plasma membrane permeabilization, was higher in the most al-sensitive japonica cultivar, koshihikari (ko), than in the most al-tolerant cultivar, rikuu-132 (r132), but the phospholipid content did not differ betw ...201829294038
phylogenomic detection and functional prediction of genes potentially important for plant meiosis.meiosis is a specialized type of cell division necessary for sexual reproduction in eukaryotes. a better understanding of the cytological procedures of meiosis has been achieved by comprehensive cytogenetic studies in plants, while the genetic mechanisms regulating meiotic progression remain incompletely understood. the increasing accumulation of complete genome sequences and large-scale gene expression datasets has provided a powerful resource for phylogenomic inference and unsupervised identif ...201829223357
funricegenes dataset for comprehensive understanding and application of rice functional genes.as a main staple food, rice is also a model plant for functional genomic studies of monocots. decoding of every dna element of the rice genome is essential for genetic improvement to address increasing food demands. the past 15 years have witnessed extraordinary advances in rice functional genomics. systematic characterization and proper deposition of every rice gene are vital for both functional studies and crop genetic improvement.201829220485
osofp19 modulates plant architecture by integrating the cell division pattern and brassinosteroid signaling.characterization of ovate family proteins (ofps) has revealed that they exert functions by interacting with different types of transcription factor. however, the molecular bases of these processes are poorly understood. here, we report that osofp19 negatively modulates brassinosteroid (br) response and integrates it with the cell division pattern to affect plant architecture, including grain shape, through interaction with both dwarf and low-tillering (dlt) and oryza sativa homeobox1 (osh1). ove ...201829205590
relationship of ros accumulation and superoxide dismutase isozymes in developing anther with floret fertility of rice under heat stress.high temperature (ht) at meiosis stage is one of most important environment constraint affecting spikelet fertility and rice yield. in this paper, the effects of ht exposure at meiosis stage on the ros (reactive oxygen species) accumulation, various superoxide dismutase (sod, ec1.15.1.11) isozymes in developing anther, and its relationship with ht-induced decline in pollen viability and floret fertility were investigated by using four rice cultivars differing in heat tolerance under well-control ...201829202329
can rice (oryza sativa) mitigate pesticides and nutrients in agricultural runoff?phytoremediation of nutrients and pesticides in runoff is a growing conservation effort, particularly in agriculturally intensive areas such as the lower mississippi river valley. in the current study, rice (oryza sativa) was examined for its mitigation capacity of nitrogen, phosphorus, diazinon, and permethrin. twenty-two high density polyethylene circular containers (56 cm x 45 cm) were used as mesocosms, with 12 mesocosms planted with rice and 10 mesocosms remaining unvegetated. mesocosms wer ...201829196795
independent signalling cues underpin arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and large lateral root induction in rice.perception of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (amf) triggers distinct plant signalling responses for parallel establishment of symbiosis and induction of lateral root formation. rice receptor kinase chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1 (cerk1) and α/β-fold hydrolase dwarf14-like (d14l) are involved in pre-symbiotic fungal perception. after 6 wk post-inoculation with rhizophagus irregularis, root developmental responses, fungal colonization and transcriptional responses were monitored in two independen ...201829194644
oscerk1 plays a crucial role in the lipopolysaccharide-induced immune response of rice.plant cell surface receptor-like kinases (rlks) mediate the signals from microbe-associated molecular patterns (mamps) that induce immune responses. lipopolysaccharide (lps), the major constituent of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria, is a common mamp perceived by animals and plants; however, the plant receptors/co-receptors are unknown except for lore, a bulb-type lectin s-domain rlk (b-lectin sd1-rlk) in arabidopsis. oscerk1 is a multifunctional rlk in rice that contains lysin motif ...201829194635
open glume1: a key enzyme reducing the precursor of ja, participates in carbohydrate transport of lodicules during anthesis in rice.og1 is involved in ja-regulated anthesis by modulating carbohydrate transport of lodicules in rice. flowering plants have evolved a sophisticated regulatory network to coordinate anthesis and maximize reproductive success. in addition to various environmental conditions, the plant hormone jasmonic acid and its derivatives (jas) are involved in anthesis. however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unexplored. here, we report a ja-defective mutant in rice (oryza sativa), namely open glume 1, ...201829177846
can liming reduce cadmium (cd) accumulation in rice (oryza sativa) in slightly acidic soils? a contradictory dynamic equilibrium between cd uptake capacity of roots and cd immobilisation in soils.cadmium (cd) accumulation in rice is strongly controlled by liming, but information on the use of liming to control cd accumulation in rice grown in slightly acidic soils is inconsistent. here, pot experiments were carried out to investigate the mechanisms of liming on cd accumulation in two rice varieties focusing on two aspects: available/exchangeable cd content in soils that were highly responsive to liming, and cd uptake and transport capacity in the roots of rice in terms of cd accumulation ...201829169130
effect of copper on the translocation and transformation of polychlorinated biphenyls in rice.contamination of organic pollutants in the environment is usually accompanied by heavy metals. however, a little information on the influences of heavy metals on the uptake, translocation and transformation of organic pollutants in plants is available. in this study, ten-day hydroponic exposure was conducted to explore the influence of copper (cu) on the bioaccumulation and biotransformation of polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs) in intact young rice (oryza sativa l.). low dose of cu (≤100 μmol/l) ...201829169126
funcoup 4: new species, data, and visualization.this release of the funcoup database (http://funcoup.sbc.su.se) is the fourth generation of one of the most comprehensive databases for genome-wide functional association networks. these functional associations are inferred via integrating various data types using a naive bayesian algorithm and orthology based information transfer across different species. this approach provides high coverage of the included genomes as well as high quality of inferred interactions. in this update of funcoup we i ...201829165593
analysis of bronopol (2-bromo-2-nitropropan-1, 3-diol) residues in rice (oryza sativa l.) by spe using bond elut plexa and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.a novel method has been developed for the direct, sensitive, and rapid detection of bronopol in rice using a simple solid-phase extraction (spe) procedure followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (lc-ms/ms), with electrospray ionization (esi). bronopol was stable under acidic conditions, and an acidic environment was thus needed before sample loading to ensure the stability of bronopol. rice extracts containing bronopol were pretreated using a hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced (b ...201829164282
effect of microcystins on root growth, oxidative response, and exudation of rice (oryza sativa).a 30 days indoor hydroponic experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of microcystins (mcs) on rice root morphology and exudation, as well as bioaccumulation of mcs in rice. mcs were bioaccumulated in rice with the greatest concentrations being observed in the leaves (113.68μgg-1 fresh weight (fw)) when exposed to 500μgl-1 mcs. root activity at 500μgl-1 decreased 37%, compared to the control. mcs also induced disruption of the antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation in rice roots. root ...201829156306
transcriptional changes measured in rice roots after exposure to arsenite-contaminated sediments.transcriptional analyses are discussed to provide a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying toxic effects. thus, they can complement classic ecotoxicological test methods and potentially allow the identification of biomarkers associated to the exposure of chemical stressors and or adverse biological effects. this feasibility study intended to identify a set of potential gene expression biomarkers for arsenite-exposure in rice roots that could complement the informative value ...201829134529
gradually decreasing starch branching enzyme expression is responsible for the formation of heterogeneous starch granules.rice (oryza sativa) endosperm is mainly occupied by homogeneous polygonal starch from inside to outside. however, morphologically different (heterogeneous) starches have been identified in some rice mutants. how these heterogeneous starches form remains unknown. a high-amylose rice line (trs) generated through the antisense inhibition of starch branching synthase i (sbei) and sbeiib contains four heterogeneous starches: polygonal, aggregate, elongated, and hollow starch; these starches are regio ...201829133372
environmentally benign nanometric neem-laced urea emulsion for controlling mosquito population in environment.the increasing risk of vector-borne diseases and the environmental pollution in the day-to-day life due to the usage of the conventional pesticides makes the role of nanotechnology to come into the action. the current study deals with one of the applications of nanotechnology through the formulation of neem urea nanoemulsion (nune). nune was formulated using neem oil, tween 20, and urea using the microfluidization method. prior to the development of nanoemulsion, the ratio of oil/surfactant/urea ...201829116538
proteomic analysis of lysine acetylation provides strong evidence for involvement of acetylated proteins in plant meiosis and tapetum function.protein lysine acetylation (kac) is a dynamic and reversible post-translational modification that has important biological roles in many organisms. although kac has been shown to affect reproductive development and meiosis in yeast and animals, similar studies are largely lacking in flowering plants, especially proteome-scale investigations for particular reproductive stages. here, we report results from a proteomic investigation to detect the kac status of the developing rice anthers near the t ...201829124795
foliar application with nano-silicon reduced cadmium accumulation in grains by inhibiting cadmium translocation in rice plants.nano-silicon (si) may be more effective than regular fertilizers in protecting plants from cadmium (cd) stress. a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of nano-si on cd accumulation in grains and other organs of rice plants (oryza sativa l. cv. xiangzaoxian 45) grown in cd-contaminated farmland. foliar application with 5~25 mm nano-si at anthesis stage reduced cd concentrations in grains and rachises at maturity stage by 31.6~64.9 and 36.1~60.8%, respectively. meanwhile, nano-si ap ...201829124638
a mucin-like protein of planthopper is required for feeding and induces immunity response in plants.the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens, is a pest that threatens rice (oryza sativa) production worldwide. while feeding on rice plants, planthoppers secrete saliva, which plays crucial roles in nutrient ingestion and modulating plant defense responses, although the specific functions of salivary proteins remain largely unknown. we identified an n. lugens-secreted mucin-like protein (nlmlp) by transcriptome and proteome analyses and characterized its function, both in brown planthopper and in ...201829133370
shortroot-mediated increase in stomatal density has no impact on photosynthetic efficiency.the coordinated positioning of veins, mesophyll cells, and stomata across a leaf is crucial for efficient gas exchange and transpiration and, therefore, for overall function. in monocot leaves, stomatal cell files are positioned at the flanks of underlying longitudinal leaf veins, rather than directly above or below. this pattern suggests either that stomatal formation is inhibited in epidermal cells directly in contact with the vein or that specification is induced in cell files beyond the vein ...201829127261
evolutionary epigenomics of retrotransposon-mediated methylation spreading in rice.plant genomes contain numerous transposable elements (tes), and many hypotheses on the evolutionary drivers that restrict te activity have been postulated. few models, however, have focused on the evolutionary epigenomic interaction between the plant host and its te. the host genome recruits epigenetic factors, such as methylation, to silence tes but methylation can spread beyond the te sequence and influence the expression of nearby host genes. in this study, we investigated this epigenetic tra ...201829126199
application of glycine reduces arsenic accumulation and toxicity in oryza sativa l. by reducing the expression of silicon transporter genes.the present study was intended to investigate the role of amino acid glycine in detoxification of as in oryza sativa l. the growth parameters such as, shoot length and fresh weight were decreased during as(iii) and as(v) toxicity. however, the application of glycine recovered the growth parameters against as stress. the application of glycine reduced the as accumulation in all the treatments, and it was more effective against as(iii) treatment and reduced the accumulation by 68% in root and 71% ...201829101885
a novel fungal arsenic methyltransferase, waarsm reduces grain arsenic accumulation in transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.).rice (oryza sativa l.) grown on arsenic-containing soil and water become a primary dietary source of arsenic and pose a significant health risk. gene modification is an important and practical approach to reduce arsenic accumulation in rice grains. here, we reported a waarsm gene of soil fungus westerdykella aurantiaca, expressed in rice able to convert toxic inorganic arsenicals to methylated arsenic species, therefore, reduce arsenic accumulation in rice grains. in response to arsenic treatmen ...201829112921
osmir396d affects gibberellin and brassinosteroid signaling to regulate plant architecture in rice.genetic improvement of plant architecture is one of the strategies for increasing the yield potential of rice (oryza sativa). although great progress has been made in the understanding of plant architecture regulation, the precise mechanism is still an urgent need to be revealed. here, we report that over-expression of osmir396d in rice results in semidwarf and increased leaf angle, a typical phenotype of brassinosteroid (br) enhanced mutant. osmir396d is involved in the interaction network of b ...201829180380
rice tsv3 encoding obg-like gtpase protein is essential for chloroplast development during the early leaf stage under cold stress.the spo0b-associated gtp-binding (obg) proteins are essential for the viability of nearly all bacteria. however, the detailed roles of obg proteins in higher plants have not yet been elucidated. in this study, we identified a novel rice (oryza sativa l.) thermo-sensitive virescent mutant (tsv3) that displayed an albino phenotype at 20° before the three-leaf stage while being a normal green at 32° or even at 20° after the four-leaf stage. the mutant phenotype was consistent with altered chlorophy ...201829162684
the rice constans-like protein oscol15 suppresses flowering by promoting ghd7 and repressing rid1.the photoperiodic flowering pathway is one of the most important regulatory networks controlling flowering time in rice (oryza sativa l.). rice is a facultative short-day (sd) plant; flowering is promoted under inductive sd conditions and delayed under non-inductive long-day (ld) conditions. in rice, flowering inhibitor genes play an important role in maintaining the trade-off between reproduction and yield. in this study, we identified a novel floral inhibitor, oscol15, which encodes a constans ...201829154991
residual effects of biochar on growth, photosynthesis and cadmium uptake in rice (oryza sativa l.) under cd stress with different water conditions.soil cadmium (cd) contamination and drought stress are among the main issues hindering global food security. biochar has been used to reduce metal uptake by plants and water stress mitigation, but long-term residual effects of biochar under cd stress at different moisture levels needs to be investigated. a following rice (oryza sativa l.) was grown after wheat on cd-contaminated soil amended with different levels of biochar (0, 3.0, and 5.0%, w/w). thirty five days old plants were irrigated with ...201829149723
the osps1-f gene regulates growth and development in rice by modulating photosynthetic electron transport rate.ds insertion in rice osps1-f gene results in semi-dwarf plants with reduced tiller number and grain yield, while genetic complementation with osps1-f rescued the mutant phenotype. photosynthetic electron transport is regulated in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane by multi-protein complexes. studies about photosynthetic machinery and its subunits in crop plants are necessary, because they could be crucial for yield enhancement in the long term. here, we report the characterization of osps1-f (en ...201829149369
spontaneous pepsin c-catalyzed activation of human pepsinogen c in transgenic rice cell suspension culture: production and characterization of human pepsin c.a human pepsinogen c (hpgc) gene was synthesized with rice-optimized codon usage and cloned into a rice expression vector containing the promoter, signal peptide, and terminator derived from the rice α-amylase 3d (ramy3d) gene. in addition, a 6-his tag was added to the 3' end of the synthetic hpgc gene for easy purification. the plant expression vector was introduced into rice calli (oryza sativa l. cv. dongjin) mediated by agrobacterium tumefaciens. the integration of the hpgc gene into the chr ...201829108629
global proteome analysis links lysine acetylation to diverse functions in oryza sativa.lysine acetylation (kac) is an important protein post-translational modification in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. herein, we report the results of a global proteome analysis of kac and its diverse functions in rice (oryza sativa). we identified 1353 kac sites in 866 proteins in rice seedlings. a total of 11 kac motifs are conserved, and 45% of the identified proteins are localized to the chloroplast. among all acetylated proteins, 38 kac sites are combined in core histones. bioinformatics ana ...201829106068
the limited role of differential fractionation in genome content variation and function in maize (zea mays l.) inbred lines.maize is a diverse paleotetraploid species with considerable presence/absence variation and copy number variation. one mechanism through which presence/absence variation can arise is differential fractionation. fractionation refers to the loss of duplicate gene pairs from one of the maize subgenomes during diploidization. differential fractionation refers to non-shared gene loss events between individuals following a whole-genome duplication event. we investigated the prevalence of presence/abse ...201829124819
a single nucleotide mutation of ispf gene involved in the mep pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis causes yellow-green leaf phenotype in rice.we identified ispf gene through yellow-green leaf mutant 505ys in rice. osispf was expressed in all tissues detected, and its encoded protein was targeted to the chloroplast. on expression levels of genes in this mutant, osispf itself and the genes encoding other enzymes of the mep pathway and chlorophyll synthase were all up-regulated, however, among eight genes associated with photosynthesis, only psaa, psan and psba genes for three reaction center subunits of photosystem obviously changed. is ...201829143298
meta-expression analysis of unannotated genes in rice and approaches for network construction to suggest the probable roles.this work suggests 2020 potential candidates in rice for the functional annotation of unannotated genes using meta-analysis of anatomical samples derived from microarray and rna-seq technologies and this information will be useful to identify novel morphological agronomic traits. although the genome of rice (oryza sativa) has been sequenced, 14,365 genes are considered unannotated because they lack putative annotation information. according to the rice genome annotation project database ( http:/ ...201829086189
structural complexity and functional diversity of plant nadph oxidases.plant nadph oxidases also known as respiratory burst oxidase homologs (rbohs) are a family of membrane-bound enzymes that play diverse roles in the defense response and morphogenetic processes via regulated generation of reactive oxygen species. rbohs are associated with a variety of functions, although the reason for this is not clear. to evaluate using bioinformatics, the possible mechanisms for the observed functional diversity within the plant kingdom, 127 rboh protein sequences representing ...201829071531
cooking quality properties and free and bound phenolics content of brown, black, and red rice grains stored at different temperatures for six months.the changes in cooking quality and phenolic composition of whole black and red rice grains stored during six months at different temperatures were evaluated. brown rice with known cooking quality properties and low phenolic levels was used for purposes comparison. all rice genotypes were stored at 13% moisture content at temperatures of 16, 24, 32, and 40°c. cooking time, hardness, free and bound phenolics, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and free radical scavenging capacity were analysed. the ...201829037710
cell-type specific chromatin analysis in whole-mount plant tissues by immunostaining.chromatin organization in eukaryotes is highly dynamic, playing fundamental roles in regulating diverse nuclear processes including dna replication, transcription, and repair. thus, the analysis of chromatin organization is of great importance for the elucidation of chromatin-mediated biological processes. immunostaining coupled with imaging is one of the most powerful tools for chromatin analysis at the cellular level. however, in plants, it is sometimes technically challenging to apply this me ...201829052206
influence of aspartic acid and lysine on the uptake of gold nanoparticles in rice.the interactions between plants and nanomaterials (nms) can shed light on the environmental consequences of nanotechnology. we used the major crop plant rice (oryza sativa l.) to investigate the uptake of gold nanoparticles (gnps) coated with either negatively or positively charged ligands, over a 5-day period, in the absence or presence of one of two amino acids, aspartic acid (asp) or lysine (lys), acting as components of rice root exudates. the presence of asp or lys influenced the uptake and ...201829101886
proteomic analysis of rice golgi membranes isolated by floating through discontinuous sucrose density gradient.the golgi apparatus is an endomembrane system organelle and has roles in glycosylation, sorting, and secretion of proteins in the secretory pathway. it has a central function in living organism and is also essential for plant growth. proteomic approaches to identify the golgi membrane proteins have been performed in cell suspension cultures and many golgi membrane-associated proteins were found, whereas it has well established in rice seedling yet. in this chapter, our recent improving published ...201829086398
growth inhibition of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings in ga- and in-contaminated acidic soils is respectively caused by al and al+in toxicity.limited information exists on the effects of emerging contaminants gallium (ga) and indium (in) on rice plant growth. this study investigated the effects on growth and uptake of ga and in by rice plants grown in soils with different properties. pot experiment was conducted and the rice seedlings were grown in two soils of different ph (pc and cf) spiked with various ga and in concentrations. the results showed concentrations of ga, in, and al in soil pore water increased with ga- or in-spiking i ...201829055200
effect of peanut shell and wheat straw biochar on the availability of cd and pb in a soil-rice (oryza sativa l.) system.soil amendments, such as biochar, have been used to enhance the immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soil. a pot experiment was conducted to immobilize the available cadmium (cd) and lead (pb) in soil using peanut shell biochar (pbc) and wheat straw biochar (wbc), and to observe the accumulation of these heavy metals in rice (oryza sativa l.). the application of pbc and wbc led to significantly higher ph, soil organic carbon (soc), and cation exchange capacity (cec) in paddy soil, whil ...201829079982
over-expression of oryza sativa xrn4 confers plant resistance to virus infection.plant xrn4 is a cytoplasmic 5' to 3' exoribonuclease that is reported to play an antiviral role during viral infection as demonstrated by experiments using the xrn4s of nicotiana benthamiana and arabidopsis thaliana. meanwhile, little is known about the anti-viral activity of xrn4 from other plants. here, we cloned the cytoplasmic xrn4 gene of oryza sativa (osxrn4), and demonstrated that its over-expression elevated the 5'-3' exoribonuclease activity in rice plants and conferred resistance to ri ...201828987346
pcsd: a plant chromatin state database.genome-wide maps of chromatin states have become a powerful representation of genome annotation and regulatory activity. we collected public and in-house plant epigenomic data sets and applied a hidden markov model to define chromatin states, which included 290 553 (36 chromatin states), 831 235 (38 chromatin states) and 3 936 844 (26 chromatin states) segments across the whole genome of arabidopsis thaliana, oryza sativa and zea mays, respectively. we constructed a plant chromatin state databas ...201829040761
glyoxals as in vivo rna structural probes of guanine base-pairing.elucidation of the folded structures that rna forms in vivo is vital to understanding its functions. chemical reagents that modify the watson-crick (wc) face of unprotected nucleobases are particularly useful in structure elucidation. dimethyl sulfate penetrates cell membranes and informs on rna base-pairing and secondary structure but only modifies the wc face of adenines and cytosines. we present glyoxal, methylglyoxal, and phenylglyoxal as potent in vivo reagents that target the wc face of gu ...201829030489
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