Publications

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acyl-coa-binding protein family members in laticifers are possibly involved in lipid and latex metabolism of hevea brasiliensis (the para rubber tree).acyl-coa-binding proteins (acbps) are mainly involved in acyl-coa ester binding and trafficking in eukaryotic cells, and their various functions have been characterized in model plants, such as arabidopsis thaliana (a. thaliana), oryza sativa (rice), and other plant species. in the present study, genome-wide mining and expression analysis of acbp genes was performed on hevea brasiliensis (the para rubber tree), the most important latex-producing crop in the world.201829295704
genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction for cbsd resistance in manihot esculenta.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important security crop that faces severe yield loses due to cassava brown streak disease (cbsd). motivated by the slow progress of conventional breeding, genetic improvement of cassava is undergoing rapid change due to the implementation of quantitative trait loci mapping, genome-wide association mapping (gwas), and genomic selection (gs). in this study, two breeding panels were genotyped for snp markers using genotyping by sequencing and phenotyped for ...201829367617
improving genomic prediction in cassava field experiments by accounting for inter-plot competition.plants' competing for available resources is an unavoidable phenomenon in a field. we conducted studies in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) in order to understand the pattern of this competition. taking into account the competitive ability of genotypes while selecting parents for breeding advancement or commercialization can be very useful. we assumed that competition could occur in two levels i) at the genotypic level, which we called as inter-clonal, and ii) at the plot level irrespective of ...201829358232
patterns of nuclear and chloroplast genetic diversity and structure of manioc along major brazilian amazonian rivers.amazonia is a major world centre of plant domestication, but little is known about how the crops were dispersed across the region. manioc (manihot esculenta) was domesticated in the south-western amazon basin, and is the most important staple food crop that originated in amazonia. current contrasting distributions may reflect distinct histories of dispersal of bitter and sweet manioc landraces. to produce new insights into the evolutionary history of the crop, we investigated the contemporary ge ...201829309531
soil-to-cassava transfer of naturally occurring radionuclides from communities along ghana's oil and gas rich tano basin.soil-to-plant transfer factor (tf) is widely used to assess the impact of soil radioactivity on agricultural crops. the root crop cassava (manihot esculenta) provides 30%-50% of the calories consumed in sub-saharan africa and is widely used in south america. γ-ray analysis was used to measure activity concentrations of 238u, 232th, and 40k in cassava root and soil. the tf values for 238u, 232th, and 40k were in the range 0.06-0.12, 0.01-0.10 and 0.04-0.28 respectively. the median transfer factor ...201829227875
effect of duration of sonication during gelatinization on properties of tapioca starch water hyacinth fiber biocomposite.this paper characterizes properties of biocomposite sonicated during gelatinization. the biocomposite consisted of tapioca starch based plastic reinforced by 10% volume fraction of water hyacinth fiber (whf). during gelatinization, the biocomposite was poured into a rectangular glass mold then vibrated in an ultrasonic bath using 40khz, 250w for varying durations (0, 15, 30, and 60min). the resulting biocomposite was then dried in a drying oven at 50°c for 20h. the results of this study indicate ...201829191420
rav transcription factors are essential for disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight via activation of melatonin biosynthesis genes.with 1 ap2 domain and 1 b3 domain, 7 meravs in apetala2/ethylene response factor (ap2/erf) gene family have been identified in cassava. however, the in vivo roles of these remain unknown. gene expression assays showed that the transcripts of meravs were commonly regulated after xanthomonas axonopodis pv manihotis (xam) and meravs were specifically located in plant cell nuclei. through virus-induced gene silencing (vigs) in cassava, we found that merav1 and merav2 are essential for plant disease ...201829151275
improvement of feed pellet characteristics by dietary pre-gelatinized starch and their subsequent effects on growth and physiology in tilapia.a 9-week study was conducted to compare dietary corn starch (cs) or tapioca starch (ts), with or without being pre-gelatinized (pg), on the growth, feeding efficiencies, plasma and muscle biochemistry, intestinal short chain fatty acids (scfa), and liver glycogen of triplicate groups of 20 red hybrid tilapia (orecohromis sp.). various pellet characteristics were evaluated, along with their surface and cross sectional microstructure. the pg diets had significantly higher water stability, bulk den ...201828873520
laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (libs) for rapid analysis of ash, potassium and magnesium in gluten free flours.gluten free (gf) diets are prone to mineral deficiency, thus effective monitoring of the elemental composition of gf products is important to ensure a balanced micronutrient diet. the objective of this study was to test the potential of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (libs) analysis combined with chemometrics for at-line monitoring of ash, potassium and magnesium content of gf flours: tapioca, potato, maize, buckwheat, brown rice and a gf flour mixture. concentrations of ash, potassium and ...201829120789
improving genomic prediction in cassava field experiments using spatial analysis.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important staple food in sub-saharan africa. breeding experiments were conducted at the international institute of tropical agriculture in cassava to select elite parents. taking into account the heterogeneity in the field while evaluating these trials can increase the accuracy in estimation of breeding values. we used an exploratory approach using the parametric spatial kernels power, spherical, and gaussian to determine the best kernel for a given scena ...201829109156
dermoscopy in vitiligo: diagnosis and beyond.vitiligo is essentially a clinical diagnosis, and dermoscopy may aid in noninvasive confirmation of diagnosis by excluding other clinically simulating hypopigmentary conditions. more importantly, dermoscopy is rapidly gaining ground as an important adjunct tool to evaluate disease activity.201829076154
modification by α-d-glucan branching enzyme lowers the in vitro digestibility of starch from different sources.granular corn starch, waxy corn starch, potato starch and tapioca starch were modified using the α-d-glucan branching enzyme (1,4-α-d-glucan:1,4-α-d-glucan 6-α-d-(1,4-α-d-glucano)-transferase, gbe, ec 2.4.1.18) from geobacillus thermoglucosidans. the gbe-catalyzed modification caused a time-dependent increase in the ratios of α-1,6 linkages to total glycosidic linkages, as well as reductions in the average chain length and relative crystallinity. these modifications lowered the in vitro digestib ...201829030183
effect of vibration duration of high ultrasound applied to bio-composite while gelatinized on its properties.this article reports effect of vibration duration of high ultrasound applied to bio-composite while gelatinized on its properties. the bio-composite consists of mixing of both the tapioca starch based bioplastic and oil palm empty fruit bunch (opefb) fibers with high volume fraction. gelatinization of the bio-composite sample was poured into a rectangular glass mold placed then in an ultrasonic bath with 40khz, and 250watt in different duration for 0, 15, 30, 60min respectively. the results show ...201828946475
comparative study of the effect of starches from five different sources on the rheological properties of gluten-free model doughs.we investigated the effect of wheat (ws), corn (cs), tapioca (ts), sweet potato (ss) and potato (ps) starches on the rheological properties of starch-hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (hpmc) model doughs. significant differences were found among model doughs made with different starches in terms of water absorption, development time, and strength. the ps-hpmc dough presented higher maximum creep compliance, followed successively by ss-, ts-, cs-, and ws-hpmc doughs, and the same order was found for t ...201728927617
advanced technology for nanostarches preparation by high speed jet and its mechanism analysis.nanostarches were successfully prepared by high speed jet (hsj) after pretreatment of micronization. the nanostarches were obtained at the conditions of micronization treatment for 60min, and then one cycle at 240mpa of hsj (188.1nm). moreover, after hsj treated for three cycles, the particle size could reach the level of nanometer materials (66.94nm). the physicochemical properties of nanostarches had been characterized. rapid visco-analysis (rva) showed that the viscosity of nanostarches signi ...201728927590
food-grade filler particles as an alternative method to modify the texture and stability of myofibrillar gels.a series of food grade particles were characterized for their potential as fillers in myofibrillar gels. the fillers were separated into (i) hydrophilic, insoluble, crystalline particles and (ii) starch granules. the particles used were microcrystalline cellulose, oat fiber and walnut shell flour, as well as potato and tapioca starches. crystalline particles increased hardness and decreased recovery properties. although all of these fillers decreased the t2 relaxation time of water, this was dep ...201728912434
two transcriptional activators of n-acetylserotonin o-methyltransferase 2 and melatonin biosynthesis in cassava.similar to the situation in animals, melatonin biosynthesis is regulated by four sequential enzymatic steps in plants. although the melatonin synthesis genes have been identified in various plants, the upstream transcription factors of them remain unknown. in this study on cassava (manihot esculenta), we found that mewrky79 and heat-shock transcription factor 20 (mehsf20) targeted the w-box and the heat-stress elements (hses) in the promoter of n-acetylserotonin o-methyltransferase 2 (measmt2), ...201728992113
pasta quality as impacted by the type of flour and starch and the level of egg addition.this study investigated the effects of substituting wheat flour with fractions of different starch types and egg levels on pasta quality. first order mixture response surface model was used where the effects of various starch types and egg levels on pasta quality were evaluated. coefficients of estimation were determined and fractional contribution of wheat, starch type and egg levels were evaluated. egg levels negatively (p < .05) impacted treatments pasting viscosities, except in potato starch ...201728967218
a novel biochar from manihot esculenta crantz waste: application for the removal of malachite green from wastewater and optimization of the adsorption process.the adsorptive removal of malachite green (mg) by a novel biochar namely cassava rind carbon (crc) was studied in a batch system. moreover, box-behnken response surface methodology was used to optimize operating conditions of the adsorption process. characterization was done by thermo gravimetric analysis (tga), attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (atr/ftir), brunauer-emmett-teller (bet) surface area, scanning electron microscopy (sem), x-ray diffraction (xrd) a ...201728953471
mewrky20 and its interacting and activating autophagy-related protein 8 (meatg8) regulate plant disease resistance in cassava.as a highly conserved mechanism, autophagy is responsible for the transport of cytoplasmic constituents in the vacuoles or lysosomes. moreover, autophagy is essential for plant development and various stress responses. in this study, 34 meatgs were systematically identified in cassava, and their transcripts were commonly regulated by xanthomonas axonopodis pv manihotis (xam). through transient expression in nicotiana benthamiana, the subcellular locations of 4 meatg8s were revealed. notably, mew ...201729056507
optimization of spray drying process parameters for tucupi powder using the response surface methodology.a completely randomized 23 factorial experimental design was used to optimize the process parameters for obtaining tucupi powder through spray drying. the effects of the process variables [inlet air temperature (it), feed flow rate (fr), and maltodextrin concentration (md)] on the product properties [moisture, water activity (aw), hygroscopicity, water absorption index (wai), water solubility index (wsi), total color difference (δe*), and β-carotene content] were studied using the response surfa ...201729051641
development and optimization of a starch-based co-processed excipient for direct compression using mixture design.the development of novel excipients with enhanced functionality has been explored using particle engineering by co-processing. the aim of this study was to improve the functionality of tapioca starch (ts) for direct compression by co-processing with gelatin (gel) and colloidal silicon dioxide (csd) in optimized proportions. design of experiment (doe) was employed to optimize the composition of the co-processed excipient using the desirability function and other supporting studies as a basis for ...201729038987
comparison of fermented animal feed and mushroom growth media as two value-added options for waste cassava pulp management.cassava is one of the main processed crops in thailand, but this generates large amounts (7.3 million tons in 2015) of waste cassava pulp (wcp). the solid wcp is sold directly to farmers or pulp-drying companies at a low cost to reduce the burden of on-site waste storage. using an integrated direct and environmental cost model, fermented animal feed and mushroom growth media were compared as added-value waste management alternatives for wcp to mitigate environmental problems. primary and seconda ...201729032722
genome-wide analysis of aquaporin gene family and their responses to water-deficit stress conditions in cassava.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important economic crop in tropical countries. although cassava is considered a drought-tolerant crop that can grow in arid areas, the impact of drought can significantly reduce the growth and yield of cassava storage roots. the discovery of aquaporin molecules (aqps) in plants has resulted in a paradigm shift in the understanding of plant-water relationships, whereas the relationship between aquaporin and drought resistance in cassava still remains elusi ...201729100101
efficient crispr/cas9 genome editing of phytoene desaturase in cassava.crispr/cas9 has become a powerful genome-editing tool for introducing genetic changes into crop species. in order to develop capacity for crispr/cas9 technology in the tropical staple cassava (manihot esculenta), the phytoene desaturase (mepds) gene was targeted in two cultivars using constructs carrying grnas targeting two sequences within mepds exon 13. after agrobacterium-mediated delivery of crispr/cas9 reagents into cassava cells, both constructs induced visible albino phenotypes within cot ...201729093724
molecular assessment of the bacterial community associated with cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) cultivation in cameroon.bacterial communities play an important role in nutrient cycles and plant development. their distribution and activity may depend on location and environmental heterogeneity. this study characterized soil bacterial communities in cassava fields of eastern (andom) and southern (bityili) cameroon using molecular tools. in both sites, two improved varieties (tms-96/1414; tms-92/0326) and a local variety (local) were grown in a randomized block design. composite bulk soils were collected at 10months ...201728219522
case of escape in cassava, manihot esculenta crantz.two cassava escapes where collected from cultivated fields near natural habitat in bolivia. they are described morphologically and analyzed cytogenetically in this study. it is suggested that they are the product of backcrosses of cassava interspecific hybrids with the cultigen itself, and that selective conditions have developed in which certain forms of cassava segregates have adapted to grow wildly in natural habitats near cassava fields. these segregates may hybridize with cultivated cassava ...201728198512
explaining the texture properties of whey protein isolate/starch co-gels from fracture structures.the effects of tapioca starch (ts) and potato starch (ps) on texture properties of whey protein isolate (wpi)/starch co-gels were investigated for fracture structures. we focused on two types of wpi network structures. in a fine-stranded structure at ph 6.8, the wpi/ts co-gel fractured similarly to the wpi single gel. the wpi/ps co-gel was broken at a lower strain and lower stress. in a random aggregation at ph 5.8, the wpi/ts co-gel reached a yielding point at a lower strain, whereas the wpi/ps ...201728140770
epigenetic map and genetic map basis of complex traits in cassava population.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important tropical starchy root crop that is adapted to drought but extremely cold sensitive. a cold-tolerant, high-quality, and robust supply of cassava is urgently needed. here, we clarify genome-wide distribution and classification of ccgg hemi-methylation and full-methylation, and detected 77 much candidate qtlsepi for cold stress and 103 much candidate qtlsepi for storage root quality and yield in 186 cassava population, generated by crossing two non ...201728120898
some nutritional characteristics of enzymatically resistant maltodextrin from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) starch.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) native starch was treated with pyroconversion and enzymatic hydrolysis to produce a pyrodextrin and an enzyme-resistant maltodextrin. some nutritional characteristics were quantified for both compounds. pyroconversion was done using a 160:1 (p/v) starch:hcl ratio, 90 °c temperature and 3 h reaction time. the resulting pyrodextrin contained 46.21% indigestible starch and 78.86% dietary fiber. thermostable α-amylase (0.01%) was used to hydrolyze the pyrodextrin a ...201728102511
genome sequence of phytomonas françai, a cassava (manihot esculenta) latex parasite.here, we report the genome sequence of the cassava (manihot esculenta) latex parasite phytomonas françai p. françai infection is linked with the yield-loss disease "chochamento de raizes" (empty roots) in the unha variety of cassava, a disease characterized by poor root development and chlorosis of the leaves.201728082482
tapioca maltodextrin in the production of soft unripened cheese.an excessive consumption of fat has been associated with an increased risk of health problems such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. cheese is a highly concentrated product which is rich in protein and minerals such as calcium and phosphorus and essential amino acids, therefore it is an important food in the diet. but low fat cheeses are usually characterized as having poor body and flavour. therefore,  it is crucial to find ways of improving the acceptability of the product. the ...201728071038
overproduction of superoxide dismutase and catalase confers cassava resistance to tetranychus cinnabarinus.to explore the role of protective enzymes in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) resistance to mites, transgenic cassava lines overproducing copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (mecu/znsod) and catalase (mecat1) were used to evaluate and molecularly confirm cassava resistance to tetranychus cinnabarinus. laboratory evaluation demonstrated that, compared with the control cultivar tms60444 (wild type, wt), the survival, reproduction, development and activities of sod and cat in t. cinnabarinus feeding ...201728054665
a socio-scientific analysis of the environmental and health benefits as well as potential risks of cassava production and consumption.due to its high adaptability, cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is one of the world's most cultivated and consumed plants after maize and rice. however, there are relatively few scientific studies on this important crop. the objective of this review was therefore to summarize and discuss the available information on cassava cropping in order to promote sustainable practices in terms of production and consumption. cassava cultivation has been expanding recently at the global scale and is widely ...201728013470
thermomechanical characterization of an amylose-free starch extracted from cassava (manihot esculenta, crantz).the aim of this study was to determine and compare the melting (tm), glass transition (tg) and mechanical relaxation (tα) temperatures of a new waxy cassava starch. thermal transitions measurements were obtained by differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) and dynamical mechanical thermal analysis (dmta). the experimental data showed a high correlation between water volume fraction and melting temperature (tm) indicating that the flory-huggins theory can be used to describe the thermal behavior of ...201727987895
identification and expression analyses of new potential regulators of xylem development and cambium activity in cassava (manihot esculenta).we have identified new potential regulators of xylem cell-type determination and cellular proliferation in cassava and studied their expression in roots. results are highly relevant for cassava biotechnology. cassava's root system is composed of two types of root that coexist in every individual: the fibrous and the storage roots. whether a root becomes fibrous or storage depends on the xylem cell types that it develops: fibrous roots develop xylem fibres and vessels while storage roots develop ...201727900471
determination and prediction of digestible and metabolizable energy concentrations in byproduct feed ingredients fed to growing pigs.an experiment was conducted to determine digestible energy (de) and metabolizable energy (me) of different byproduct feed ingredients fed to growing pigs, and to generate prediction equations for the de and me in feed ingredients.201727857027
rooting for cassava: insights into photosynthesis and associated physiology as a route to improve yield potential.contents 50 i. 50 ii. 52 iii. 54 iv. 55 v. 57 vi. 57 vii. 59 60 references 61 summary: as a consequence of an increase in world population, food demand is expected to grow by up to 110% in the next 30-35 yr. the population of sub-saharan africa is projected to increase by > 120%. in this region, cassava (manihot esculenta) is the second most important source of calories and contributes c. 30% of the daily calorie requirements per person. despite its importance, the average yield of cassava in af ...201727778353
classification and use of natural and anthropogenic soils by indigenous communities of the upper amazon region of colombia.outsiders often oversimplify amazon soil use by assuming that abundantly available natural soils are poorly suited to agriculture and that sporadic anthropogenic soils are agriculturally productive. local perceptions about the potentials and limitations of soils probably differ, but information on these perceptions is scarce. we therefore examined how four indigenous communities in the middle caquetá river region in the colombian amazon classify and use natural and anthropogenic soils. the study ...201726924875
evaluation of antioxidant activity of manihot esculenta crantz in wistar rats.the study aimed to explore the antioxidant activity of ethanolic leaf extract of manihot esculenta crantz leaves (mec) in wistar rats.201727134463
gene expression atlas for the food security crop cassava.cassava (manihot esculenta) feeds c. 800 million people world-wide. although this crop displays high productivity under drought and poor soil conditions, it is susceptible to disease, postharvest deterioration and the roots contain low nutritional content. here, we provide molecular identities for 11 cassava tissue/organ types through rna-sequencing and develop an open access, web-based interface for further interrogation of the data. through this dataset, we consider the physiology of cassava. ...201728116755
contribution of hippocampal area ca1 to acetone cyanohydrin-induced loss of motor coordination in rats.some vegetable foodstuffs contain toxic compounds that, when consumed, favour the development of certain diseases. cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important food source, but it contains cyanogenic glucosides (linamarin and lotaustralin) that have been associated with the development of tropical ataxic neuropathy and konzo. in rats, intraperitoneal administration of acetone cyanohydrin (a metabolite of linamarin) produces neurological disorders and neuronal damage in the hippocampus. how ...201726774413
antidiarrheal activity of ethanolic extract of manihot esculenta crantz leaves in wistar rats.use of manihot esculenta crantz (mec) plant has been mentioned in literature of food and agriculture organization of united nations, central tuber crops research institute and many others. it is also known commonly as tapioca, continues to be a crop of food security for the millions of people, especially in the developing countries of the globe including india. medicinal uses of this plant including diarrhea have been mentioned in literature, but scientific evidence is lacking.201725878462
phylogeny and expression pattern analysis of tcp transcription factors in cassava seedlings exposed to cold and/or drought stress.the tcp transcription factors usually act as integrators of multiple growth regulatory and environmental stimuli. however, little is known about this gene family in the important tropical crop cassava (manihot esculenta). in this study, 36 tcp genes were identified and renamed based on cassava whole-genome sequence and their sequence similarity with arabidopsis tcps. typical tcp domains were detected in these proteins by multiple sequence alignment analysis. evolutionary analysis indicated that ...201728855620
alpha-glucan, water dikinase 1 affects starch metabolism and storage root growth in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz).regulation of storage root development by source strength remains largely unknown. the cassava storage root delay (srd) t-dna mutant postpones storage root development but manifests normal foliage growth as wild-type plants. the srd gene was identified as an orthologue of α-glucan, water dikinase 1 (gwd1), whose expression is regulated under conditions of light/dark cycles in leaves and is associated with storage root development. the gwd1-rnai cassava plants showed both retarded plant and stora ...201728852191
morphological diversity of cassava accessions of the south-central mesoregion of the state of mato grosso, brazil.genetic variability of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) in brazil is wide, being this the result of natural and cultural selection during pre- and post-domestication of the species in different environments. given the number of species of the genus found in the region (38 of a total of 98 species), the central region of brazil was defined as the primary center of cassava diversity. therefore, genetic diversity characterization of cassava accessions is fundamental, both for farmers and for plan ...201728829901
phytoplasma infection of a tropical root crop triggers bottom-up cascades by favoring generalist over specialist herbivores.global interest on plant-microbe-insect interactions is rapidly growing, revealing the multiple ways in which microorganisms mediate plant-herbivore interactions. phytopathogens regularly alter whole repertoires of plant phenotypic traits, and bring about shifts in key chemical or morphological characteristics of plant hosts. pathogens can also cause cascading effects on higher trophic levels, and eventually shape entire plant-associated arthropod communities. we tested the hypothesis that a can ...201728813469
ground penetrating radar: a case study for estimating root bulking rate in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz).understanding root traits is a necessary research front for selection of favorable genotypes or cultivation practices. root and tuber crops having most of their economic potential stored below ground are favorable candidates for such studies. the ability to image and quantify subsurface root structure would allow breeders to classify root traits for rapid selection and allow agronomist the ability to derive effective cultivation practices. in spite of the huge role of cassava (manihot esculenta ...201728794795
evaluation of the disintegrant properties of native starches of five new cassava varieties in paracetamol tablet formulations.the disintegrant potential of native starches of five new cassava (manihot esculenta crantz.) varieties developed by the crops research institute of ghana (crig) was studied in paracetamol tablet formulations. the yield of the starches ranged from 8.0 to 26.7%. the starches were basic (ph: 8.1-9.9), with satisfactory moisture content (≤15%), swelling capacity (≥20%), ash values (<1%), flow properties, and negligible toxic metal ion content, and compatible with the drug. the tensile strength (ts ...201728781909
global gene expression analysis reveals crosstalk between response mechanisms to cold and drought stresses in cassava seedlings.abiotic stress negatively impacts cassava (manihot esculenta) growth and yield. several molecular mechanisms of plant response to cold and drought have been identified and described in the literature, however, little is known about the crosstalk of the responses of cassava to these two stresses. to elucidate this question, transcriptome analysis of cassava seedlings under cold or peg-simulated drought stress treatment was performed. our results showed that 6103 and 7462 transcripts were signific ...201728769962
overexpression of arabidopsis flowering locus t (ft) gene improves floral development in cassava (manihot esculenta, crantz).cassava is a tropical storage-root crop that serves as a worldwide source of staple food for over 800 million people. flowering is one of the most important breeding challenges in cassava because in most lines flowering is late and non-synchronized, and flower production is sparse. the flowering locus t (ft) gene is pivotal for floral induction in all examined angiosperms. the objective of the current work was to determine the potential roles of the ft signaling system in cassava. the arabidopsi ...201728753668
the pre-columbian introduction and dispersal of algarrobo (prosopis, section algarobia) in the atacama desert of northern chile.archaeological and palaeoecological studies throughout the americas have documented widespread landscape and environmental transformation during the pre-columbian era. the highly dynamic formative (or neolithic) period in northern chile (ca. 3700-1550 yr bp) brought about the local establishment of agriculture, introduction of new crops (maize, quinoa, manioc, beans, etc.) along with a major population increase, new emergent villages and technological innovations. even trees such as the algarrob ...201728742126
blood lead levels and risk factors for lead exposure among pregnant women in western french guiana: the role of manioc consumption.concerns regarding lead (pb) poisoning in french guiana first arose in 2011 following the discovery of excessively high levels of the metal amongst children in a small neighborhood without any apparent source of pb. since 2012, blood lead level (bll) measurement has been proposed for all pregnant women in western french guiana. the aim of this study was to determine bll in pregnant women in this region and identify factors associated with elevated bll. an observational study of a consecutive sam ...201728644767
genome-wide characterization and expression analysis enables identification of abiotic stress-responsive myb transcription factors in cassava (manihot esculenta).the myeloblastosis (myb) transcription factor superfamily is the largest transcription factor family in plants, playing different roles during stress response. however, abiotic stress-responsive myb transcription factors have not been systematically studied in cassava (manihot esculenta), an important tropical tuber root crop. in this study, we used a genome-wide transcriptome analysis to predict 299 putative memyb genes in the cassava genome. under drought and cold stresses, many memyb genes ex ...201728637218
malignant transformation of multifocal tapioca iris nevus in a child.a 31-month-old white boy was evaluated for multiple iris lesions in his left eye, initially suspected to be juvenile xanthogranuloma and later diagnosed as tapioca nevi. four years later the tumors enlarged. there was invasion throughout the anterior segment into the angle and related secondary elevation in intraocular pressure. fine-needle aspiration biopsy disclosed spindle-b melanoma. treatment with custom-designed iodine-125 plaque radiotherapy resulted in tumor regression and stabilization ...201728630029
origins, production, and utilization of cassava in burkina faso, a contribution of a neglected crop to household food security.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a food plant introduced in africa from america by the portuguese in 1558. the objective of this study is to establish cassava origins, production, and utilization in burkina faso. the investigation was carried out in the regions of center west, cascades, boucle du mouhoun, hauts bassins, south west, and center east of burkina faso. eighteen cassava processing units and 226 farmers in 57 communities from the selected regions have been involved in the survey. ...201728572925
comparison of carbohydrate content between grain-containing and grain-free dry cat diets and between reported and calculated carbohydrate values.objectives the aim of this study was to compare the carbohydrate content of grain-containing and grain-free dry cat diets and compare major protein and carbohydrate sources of these diets. methods this was a cross-sectional study of 77 randomly selected dry cat diets (42 grain-containing, 35 grain-free). reported carbohydrate values were compared between grain-containing and grain-free cat diets. a subset of 25% of diets from each category (grain-containing and grain-free) was analyzed and nitro ...201728569080
flowering locus t triggers early and fertile flowering in glasshouse cassava (manihot esculenta crantz).accelerated breeding of plant species has the potential to help challenge environmental and biochemical cues to support global crop security. we demonstrate the over-expression of arabidopsisflowering locus t in agrobacterium-mediated transformed cassava (manihot esculenta crantz; cultivar 60444) to trigger early flowering in glasshouse-grown plants. an event seldom seen in a glasshouse environment, precocious flowering and mature inflorescence were obtained within 4-5 months from planting of st ...201728555003
characterizations of pickering emulsions stabilized by starch nanoparticles: influence of starch variety and particle size.pickering emulsions were first successfully fabricated by different types and sizes of corn, tapioca, sweet potato, and waxy corn starch nanoparticles as stabilizers. photography, optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and rheology measurements were used to characterize pickering emulsions stabilized by various starch nanoparticles. the results showed that tapioca, sweet potato, and corn starch nanoparticles were appropriate for pickering emulsion stabilization because the three ...201728551245
expression patterns of members of the ethylene signaling-related gene families in response to dehydration stresses in cassava.drought is the one of the most important environment stresses that restricts crop yield worldwide. cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important food and energy crop that has many desirable traits such as drought, heat and low nutrients tolerance. however, the mechanisms underlying drought tolerance in cassava are unclear. ethylene signaling pathway, from the upstream receptors to the downstream transcription factors, plays important roles in environmental stress responses during plant grow ...201728542282
minibrain storm : cerebral organoids aren't real brains?but they provide a powerful platform for modeling brain diseases like zika infection, alzheimer's, and even autism.floating in a petri dish, they look like tiny tapioca pearls in peach broth, a couple dozen in number and none much larger than the tip of a ballpoint pen. but under a microscope, dense, lumpy bodies come into focus, outlined by wispy coronas.201728534760
molecular diversity analysis, drought related marker-traits association mapping and discovery of excellent alleles for 100-day old plants by est-ssrs in cassava germplasms (manihot esculenta cranz).cassava is the third largest food crop of the world and has strong ability of drought tolerance. in order to evaluate the molecular diversity and to discover novel alleles for drought tolerance in cassava germplasms, we examined a total of 107 abiotic stress related expressed sequence tags-simple sequence repeat (est-ssr) markers in 134 cassava genotypes coming from planting regions worldwide and performed drought related marker-traits association mapping. as results, we successfully amplified 9 ...201728493955
mitigating the in vitro enzymatic digestibility of noodles by aqueous extracts of malay cherry leaves.aqueous extracts of malay cherry leaves was incorporated into wheat, rice, tapioca, and potato flours with the purpose to formulate noodles with slow digestibility. in vitro digestion studies of these noodle prototypes were carried out to evaluate their digestibility under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. upon incorporation of 2-8% of aqueous extracts, all four different types of noodles exhibited dose dependency with varying degree of digestibility. the greatest reduction in digestibility ...201728490113
tackling agriculturally relevant diseases in the staple crop cassava (manihot esculenta).cassava is an important staple food crop for millions of people in tropical regions across africa, south america and asia. viral, bacterial and fungal diseases impact cassava yield in all three regions. the viruses causing cassava mosaic disease and cassava brown streak disease have been particularly devastating to cassava production in africa. improved farming practices and disease monitoring can reduce the impact of cassava diseases in the field. the availability of disease resistant cassava v ...201728477536
cassava haplotype map highlights fixation of deleterious mutations during clonal propagation.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important staple food crop in africa and south america; however, ubiquitous deleterious mutations may severely decrease its fitness. to evaluate these deleterious mutations, we constructed a cassava haplotype map through deep sequencing 241 diverse accessions and identified >28 million segregating variants. we found that (i) although domestication has modified starch and ketone metabolism pathways to allow for human consumption, the concomitant bottleneck ...201728416819
multivariate statistical assessment of a polluted river under nitrification inhibition in the tropics.a large complex water quality data set of a polluted river, the tay ninh river, was evaluated to identify its water quality problems, to assess spatial variation, to determine the main pollution sources, and to detect relationships between parameters. this river is highly polluted with organic substances, nutrients, and total iron. an important problem of the river is the inhibition of the nitrification. for the evaluation, different statistical techniques including cluster analysis (ca), discri ...201728409429
phenotypic diversity of starch granules in cassava germplasm.demand for the development of cassava varieties with different native starches has guided the search for these characteristics in the germplasm of manihot esculenta crantz. therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity of cassava accessions for root and starch granule characteristics to guide the future industrial application of this species. starches from 56 accessions were evaluated for the number of granules in 1 g of starch (ntg), area (ag, μm2), length (lg, μm ...201728407178
genome-wide identification and functional prediction of cold and/or drought-responsive lncrnas in cassava.cold and drought stresses seriously affect cassava (manihot esculenta) plant growth and yield. recently, long noncoding rnas (lncrnas) have emerged as key regulators of diverse cellular processes in mammals and plants. to date, no systematic screening of lncrnas under abiotic stress and their regulatory roles in cassava has been reported. in this study, we present the first reference catalog of 682 high-confidence lncrnas based on analysis of strand-specific rna-seq data from cassava shoot apice ...201728387315
effect of salt on the glass transition of condensed tapioca starch systems.this work examines the effect of including hydrated nacl and cacl2 (up to 6% w/w) on the physicochemical properties of condensed tapioca starch. samples were prepared by hot pressing at 120°c to produce condensed systems that covered a range of moisture contents from 7.34% w/w (23% relative humidity) to 19.52% w/w (75% relative humidity). tensile storage modulus and heat flow measurements were taken using dma and mdsc, which were accompanied by ftir, waxd and esem. increasing the salt level enha ...201728372154
proteomic analysis of injured storage roots in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) under postharvest physiological deterioration.postharvest physiological deterioration (ppd) is a global challenge in the improvement of cassava value chain. however, how to reduce cassava spoilage and reveal the mechanism of injured cassava storage roots in response to ppd were poorly understood. in the present study, we investigated the activities of antioxidant enzymes of cassava injured storage roots in ppd-susceptible (sc9) and ppd-tolerant (qz1) genotypes at the time-points from 0h to 120h, and further analyzed their proteomic changes ...201728339481
effects of acetone cyanohydrin, a derivative of cassava, on motor activity and kidney and liver function in wistar rats.acetone cyanohydrin (ach) is a toxic substance present in cassava roots (manihot esculenta crantz) which results from enzymatic hydrolysis of linamarin. long-term consumption is associated with 2 neurological disorders: konzo and tropical ataxic neuropathy. previous studies have evaluated behavioural alterations linked to ach consumption, but the toxic effects of this substance on physiological processes remain unknown.201728318734
cassava postharvest physiological deterioration: a complex phenomenon involving calcium signaling, reactive oxygen species and programmed cell death.postharvest physiological deterioration (ppd) of cassava (manihot esculenta) storage roots is a complex physiological and biochemical process which involve many regulatory networks linked with specific proteins modulation and signaling transduction pathways. however, it is poorly understood regarding biological regulation, and the interactions among protein groups and signals to determine ppd syndrome in cassava storage roots. this review sheds some light on the possible molecular mechanisms inv ...201728316353
highly efficient mesophyll protoplast isolation and peg-mediated transient gene expression for rapid and large-scale gene characterization in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz).cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a major crop extensively cultivated in the tropics as both an important source of calories and a promising source for biofuel production. although stable gene expression have been used for transgenic breeding and gene function study, a quick, easy and large-scale transformation platform has been in urgent need for gene functional characterization, especially after the cassava full genome was sequenced.201728292294
cyanogen metabolism in cassava roots: impact on protein synthesis and root development.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), a staple crop for millions of sub-saharan africans, contains high levels of cyanogenic glycosides which protect it against herbivory. however, cyanogens have also been proposed to play a role in nitrogen transport from leaves to roots. consistent with this hypothesis, analyses of the distribution and activities of enzymes involved in cyanide metabolism provides evidence for cyanide assimilation, derived from linamarin, into amino acids in cassava roots. both β ...201728286506
morphological changes of blocklets during the gelatinization process of tapioca starch.after combined hydrolysis by α-amylase and β-amylase at room temperature, spherical blocklets in diameters of 27-60nm were observed on the surface of tapioca starch granules by scanning electron micrography (sem). tapioca starch (1%, w/w, db, distilled water) was heated by using a rapid visco analyzer (rva) in four different programs, then the samples were settled and freeze dried, respectively. the sem images showed that the blocklets swelled at 52°c; the swollen blocklets deformed to olive sha ...201728267512
cassava c-repeat binding factor 1 gene responds to low temperature and enhances cold tolerance when overexpressed in arabidopsis and cassava.cassava mecbf1 is a typical cbf transcription factor mediating cold responses but its low expression in apical buds along with a retarded response cause inefficient upregulation of downstream cold-related genes, rendering cassava chilling-sensitive. low temperature is a major abiotic stress factor affecting survival, productivity and geographic distribution of important crops worldwide. the c-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding transcription factors (cbf/dreb) are important regulators ...201728258553
genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of hd-zip gene family related to abiotic stress in cassava.homeodomain-leucine zipper (hd-zip) gene family plays important roles in various abiotic stresses and hormone signaling in plants. however, no information is currently available regarding this family in cassava (manihot esculenta), an important drought-tolerant crop in tropical and sub-tropical areas. here, 57 hd-zip genes (mehdz01-57) were identified in the cassava genome, and they were classified into four subfamilies based on phylogenetic analysis, which was further supported by their gene st ...201728249019
the industrial applications of cassava: current status, opportunities and prospects.cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a drought-tolerant, staple food crop that is grown in tropical and subtropical areas. as an important raw material, cassava is a valuable food source in developing countries and is also extensively employed for producing starch, bioethanol and other bio-based products (e.g. feed, medicine, cosmetics and biopolymers). these cassava-based industries also generate large quantities of wastes/residues rich in organic matter and suspended solids, providing great p ...201728233322
slowly digestible carbohydrate for balanced energy: in vitro and in vivo evidence.there is growing interest among consumers in foods for sustained energy management, and an increasing number of ingredients are emerging to address this demand. the sustra™ 2434 slowly digestible carbohydrate is a blend of tapioca flour and corn starch, with the potential to provide balanced energy after a meal. the aim of the study was to characterize this starch's digestion profile in vitro (modified englyst assay) and in vivo (intact and cecectomized rooster study), and to determine its effec ...201729125542
allele exchange at the epsps locus confers glyphosate tolerance in cassava.effective weed control can protect yields of cassava (manihot esculenta) storage roots. farmers could benefit from using herbicide with a tolerant cultivar. we applied traditional transgenesis and gene editing to generate robust glyphosate tolerance in cassava. by comparing promoters regulating expression of transformed 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (epsps) genes with various paired amino acid substitutions, we found that strong constitutive expression is required to achieve glypho ...201729223136
provitamin a biofortification of cassava enhances shelf life but reduces dry matter content of storage roots due to altered carbon partitioning into starch.storage roots of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz), a major subsistence crop of sub-saharan africa, are calorie rich but deficient in essential micronutrients, including provitamin a β-carotene. in this study, β-carotene concentrations in cassava storage roots were enhanced by co-expression of transgenes for deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (dxs) and bacterial phytoene synthase (crtb), mediated by the patatin-type 1 promoter. storage roots harvested from field-grown plants accumulated caro ...201729193665
effects of low molecular sugars on the retrogradation of tapioca starch gels during storage.the effects of low molecular sugars (sucrose, glucose and trehalose) on the retrogradation of tapioca starch (ts) gels stored at 4°c for different periods were examined with different methods. decrease in melting enthalpy (δhmelt) were obtained through differential scanning calorimetry analysis. analysis of decrease in crystallization rate constant (k) and increase in semi-crystallization time (τ1/2) results obtained from retrogradation kinetics indicated that low molecular sugars could retard t ...201729284007
two cassava basic leucine zipper (bzip) transcription factors (mebzip3 and mebzip5) confer disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight.basic domain-leucine zipper (bzip) transcription factor, one type of conserved gene family, plays an important role in plant development and stress responses. although 77 mebzips have been genome-wide identified in cassava, their in vivo roles remain unknown. in this study, we analyzed the expression pattern and the function of two mebzips (mebzip3 and mebzip5) in response to pathogen infection. gene expression analysis indicated that mebzip3 and mebzip5 were commonly regulated by flg22, xanthom ...201729276527
uv-vis and cielab based chemometric characterization of manihot esculenta carotenoid contents.vitamin a deficiency is a prevalent health problem in many areas of the world, where cassava genotypes with high pro-vitamin a content have been identified as a strategy to address this issue. in this study, we found a positive correlation between the color of the root pulp and the total carotenoid contents and, importantly, showed how cielab color measurements can be used as a non-destructive and fast technique to quantify the amount of carotenoids in cassava root samples, as opposed to traditi ...201729236680
genetic inheritance of pulp colour and selected traits of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) at early generation selection.the early generation selection of cassava quantitative and qualitative traits saves breeding resources as it can shorten breeding schemes. inheritance analysis provides important breeding information for developing new improved varieties. this study aimed at developing an f1 segregating cassava population and determining mode of gene action of pulp colour and selected traits at early generation selection (f1 seedling and clones).201729230819
identification and functional analysis of cassava della proteins in plant disease resistance against cassava bacterial blight.gibberellin (ga) is an essential plant hormone in plant growth and development as well as various stress responses. della proteins are important repressors of ga signal pathway. ga and della have been extensively investigated in several model plants. however, the in vivo roles of ga and della in cassava, one of the most important crops and energy crops in the tropical area, are unknown. in this study, systematic genome-wide analysis identified 4 medellas in cassava, as evidenced by the evolution ...201729351892
prlpaat4, a putative lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase from paeonia rockii, plays an important role in seed fatty acid biosynthesis.lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (lpaats) are essential for the acylation of lysophosphatidic acid (lpa) and the synthesis of phosphatidic acid (pa), a key intermediate in the synthesis of membrane phospholipids and storage lipids. here, a putative lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase gene, designated prlpaat4, was isolated from seed unsaturated fatty acid (ufa)-rich p. rockii. the complete prlpaat4 cdna contained a 1116-bp open reading frame (orf), encoding a 42.9 kda protein with 371 am ...201728994730
the sweet gene family in hevea brasiliensis - its evolution and expression compared with four other plant species.sweet proteins play an indispensable role as a sugar efflux transporter in plant development and stress responses. the sweet genes have previously been characterized in several plants. here, we present a comprehensive analysis of this gene family in the rubber tree, hevea brasiliensis. there are 36 members of the sweet gene family in this species, making it one of the largest families in plant genomes sequenced so far. structure and phylogeny analyses of these genes in hevea and in other species ...201729226081
papain-like cysteine protease encoding genes in rubber (hevea brasiliensis): comparative genomics, phylogenetic, and transcriptional profiling analysis.43 hbplcps representing nine subfamilies or 20 orthologous groups were found in rubber, where paralogs were resulted from the recent wgd and local duplication. several senescence-associated genes were also identified. papain-like cysteine proteases (plcps) comprise a large family of proteolytic enzymes involved in plant growth and development, seed germination, organ senescence, immunity, and stress response. despite their importance and the extensive research in the model plant arabidopsis thal ...201728752264
major novel qtl for resistance to cassava bacterial blight identified through a multi-environmental analysis.cassava, manihot esculenta crantz, has been positioned as one of the most promising crops world-wide representing the staple security for more than one billion people mainly in poor countries. cassava production is constantly threatened by several diseases, including cassava bacterial blight (cbb) caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam), it is the most destructive disease causing heavy yield losses. here, we report the detection and localization on the genetic map of cassava qtl (qu ...201728725234
evidence for mid-holocene rice domestication in the americas.the development of agriculture is one of humankind's most pivotal achievements. questions about plant domestication and the origins of agriculture have engaged scholars for well over a century, with implications for understanding its legacy on global subsistence strategies, plant distribution, population health and the global methane budget. rice is one of the most important crops to be domesticated globally, with both asia (oryza sativa l.) and africa (oryza glaberrima steud.) discussed as prim ...201728993622
assessment of the potential health risks associated with the aluminium, arsenic, cadmium and lead content in selected fruits and vegetables grown in jamaica.thirteen jamaican-grown food crops - ackee (blighia sapida), banana (musa acuminate), cabbage (brassica oleracea), carrot (daucus carota), cassava (manihot esculenta), coco (xanthosoma sagittifolium), dasheen (colocasia esculenta), irish potato (solanum tuberosum), pumpkin (cucurbita pepo), sweet pepper (capsicum annuum), sweet potato (ipomoea batatas), tomato (solanum lycopersicum) and turnip (brassica rapa) - were analysed for aluminium, arsenic, cadmium and lead by atomic absorption spectroph ...201728959639
a new alkalophilic isolate of bacillus as a producer of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase using cassava flour.cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (cgtase) catalyzes the conversion of starch into non-reducing cyclic sugars, cyclodextrins, which have several industrial applications. this study aimed to establish optimal culture conditions for β-cgtase production by bacillus sp. sm-02, isolated from soil of cassava industries waste water lake. the optimization was performed by central composite design (ccd) 2, using cassava flour and corn steep liquor as substrates. the maximum production of 1087.9uml(-1) was ...201726887234
high genetic diversity among and within bitter manioc varieties cultivated in different soil types in central amazonia.although manioc is well adapted to nutrient-poor oxisols of amazonia, ethnobotanical observations show that bitter manioc is also frequently cultivated in the highly fertile soils of the floodplains and amazonian dark earths (ade) along the middle madeira river. because different sets of varieties are grown in each soil type, and there are agronomic similarities between ade and floodplain varieties, it was hypothesized that varieties grown in ade and floodplain were more closely related to each ...201728399193
new species, notes and new records of <i>trichogramma</i> (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae) in brazil.two new species of trichogramma are described: trichogramma piracicabense sp. nov. and t. valmiri sp. nov. additionally, t. manicobai from eggs of the cassava hornworm erinnyis ello is redescribed, and new records on the distribution and host associations of species of trichogramma from brazil are presented.201728264386
isolation and characterization of cellulose nanofibers from cassava root bagasse and peelings.this work aimed to obtain and characterize nanofibers from cassava bagasse and peelings, which are waste originating from cassava starch extraction. to isolate the nanofibers, a combination of pre-treatments (alkaline treatment, q-chelating treatment, bleaching), acid hydrolysis, and a final ultrasonic disintegration step were used. acidic hydrolysis was conducted at a constant temperature of 60°c; the acid concentration (30, 40, and 50%) and the treatment time (30, 60, and 90min) were varied. t ...201727988015
influence of agricultural activities, forest fires and agro-industries on air quality in thailand.annual and monthly-based emission inventories in northern, central and north-eastern provinces in thailand, where agriculture and related agro-industries are very intensive, were estimated to evaluate the contribution of agricultural activity, including crop residue burning, forest fires and related agro-industries on air quality monitored in corresponding provinces. the monthly-based emission inventories of air pollutants, or, particulate matter (pm), nox and so2, for various agricultural crops ...201728254062
a purely green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using carica papaya, manihot esculenta, and morinda citrifolia: synthesis and antibacterial evaluations.green procedure for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (agnps) is currently considered due to its economy and toxic-free effects. several existing works on synthesizing agnps using leaves extract still involve the use of physical or mechanical treatment such as heating or stirring, which consume a lot of energy. to extend and explore the green extraction philosophy, we report here the synthesis and antibacterial evaluations of a purely green procedure to synthesize agnps using carica papaya, mani ...201728597212
a time series transcriptome analysis of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) varieties challenged with ugandan cassava brown streak virus.a time-course transcriptome analysis of two cassava varieties that are either resistant or susceptible to cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) was conducted using rnaseq, after graft inoculation with ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv). from approximately 1.92 billion short reads, the largest number of differentially expressed genes (degs) was obtained in the resistant (namikonga) variety at 2 days after grafting (dag) (3887 degs) and 5 dag (4911 degs). at the same time points, several def ...201728852026
variations of five eif4e genes across cassava accessions exhibiting tolerant and susceptible responses to cassava brown streak disease.cassava (manihot esculenta) is an important tropical subsistence crop that is severely affected by cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) in east africa. the disease is caused by cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv). both have a (+)-sense single-stranded rna genome with a 5' covalently-linked viral protein, which functionally resembles the cap structure of mrna, binds to eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4e (eif4e) or its analogues, and then enable ...201728771520
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