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epidemiology and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of the main nocardia species in spain.the aims of this study were to explore the clinical distribution, by species, of the genus nocardia and to assess the antimicrobial susceptibilities of the 10 most prevalent species identified in spain.201727999029
severe pneumonia due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum identified by mass spectroscopy in a cotton farmer: a case report and literature review.nocardia species are aerobic saprophytic bacilli. among nocardia species, nocardia otitidiscaviarum (n otitidiscaviarum) is rarely reported in pulmonary infection.201728353613
successful treatment of pulmonary nocardiosis with fluoroquinolone in bronchial asthma and bronchiectasis.a 72-year-old japanese woman was admitted at saga university hospital for fever, malaise, and productive cough. six years ago, she had been diagnosed with bronchial asthma and was treated with inhaled corticosteroids. chest radiograph and computed tomography on admission showed infiltrates in the right middle lobe, a mass lesion in the left lower lobe, and bronchiectasis in both lower lobes. sputum examination showed gram-positive rods with phagocytosis by neutrophils. these bacilli were identif ...201728352469
actinomycetoma pedis due to nocardla caviae in india.actinomycetoma pedis due to nocardia caviae in two male cultivators a bengalee and a bihari and a bengalee housewife are described. in all the cases there was swelling of foot with multiple nodules and discharging sinuses showing protuberant openings and area of fibrosis. the discharging sinuses contained white to cream yellow granules, measuring 100-600 u in size and composed of hyaline cementing matter and gram positive and non acid fast to acid fast branched filaments nocardia caviae was isol ...201728223641
pulmonary nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an adult asthmatic female patient: the presence of acid-fast branching filaments is always significant.we report a case of pulmonary nocardiosis in a 41-year-old asthma patient. chest radiographs showed bilateral air space and consolidations.acid-fast branching filaments were demonstrated in sputum, and the grown organism was identified phenotypically and confirmed using16s rdna sequencing (accession no. kx500116). the patient received a combination of medical treatments, but developed complications,which were managed over the next 3 months, after which she was discharged. pulmonary nocardiosis s ...201628112090
disseminated nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an immunocompetent host: a case report and literature review.the aim of the present study was to summarize the clinical characteristics of nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in order to improve the knowledge of nocardiosis. a case of dissemination nocardiosis caused by n. otitidiscaviarum in an immunocompetent host is reported and the associated literature reviewed. informed consent for publication of this case report was provided by the patient. the present patient was a young immunocompetent man suffering from disseminated nocardiosis induc ...201627882160
pleuropulmonary nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a debilitated host.nocardia otitidiscaviarum is a rare cause of pulmonary nocardiosis. we present a case of pulmonary nocardiosis with pleural involvement in an adolescent with rheumatic heart disease and congestive cardiac failure presenting with right lower lobe consolidation and pleural effusion. direct gram-stain of pleural fluid showed pus cells with gram-positive filamentous branching bacilli. empiric treatment with parenteral ceftriaxone and supportive therapy for cardiac failure was initiated. pleural flui ...201627166054
report of an immunocompetent case with disseminated infection due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum: identification by 16s rrna gene sequencing.nocardia otitidiscaviarum belongs to the agents of opportunistic infections seen in immunocompromised patients, but may occur rarely in immunocompetent patients. in this report we described a case of a previously healthy 69-year-old woman with cerebral and retroperitoneal abscess due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum. the patient was admitted to hospital because of loss of strength in her right arm and leg. nocardia spp. was isolated from the abscess material. the intracranial lesions were drained by ...201627031902
comparison of restriction enzyme pattern analysis and full gene sequencing of 16s rrna gene for nocardia species identification, the first report of nocardia transvalensis isolated of sputum from iran, and review of the literature.nocardial infections occur in different organs of the body and are common in immune disorder diseases of individuals. the aim of this study was to assess nocardia species identification by phenotypic tests and molecular techniques applied to nocardiosis in iranian patients. in the current study, various clinical samples were collected and cultured on conventional media and using the paraffin baiting method. various phenotypic tests were performed. for accurate identification at the species level ...201627613736
antimicrobial susceptibility among clinical nocardia species identified by multilocus sequence analysis.antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 112 clinical isolates, 28 type strains, and 9 reference strains of nocardia were determined using the sensititre rapmyco microdilution panel (thermo fisher, inc.). isolates were identified by highly discriminatory multilocus sequence analysis and were chosen to represent the diversity of species recovered from clinical specimens in ontario, canada. susceptibility to the most commonly used drug, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, was observed in 97% of isolate ...201525348540
empyema thoracis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum. 201525066706
lymphocutaneous nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum: a case report and review of literature.nocardia otitidiscaviarum is a rare clinical isolate of primary cutaneous infections. this report describes a case of lymphocutaneous nocardiosis caused by n. otitidiscaviarum. analysis of 16s ribosomal rna gene of the isolate and the type strain of n. otitidiscaviarum dsm 43242 showed 100% similarity. the partial gene sequence of 1439 bp was submitted to genbank. (eu031786). the isolate was susceptible only to amikacin, minocycline, linezolid and resistant to remaining other routine anti-nocard ...201424678228
primary brain abscess caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum.diagnosing primary cerebral nocardiosis is difficult. this case report describes a 79-year-old immunocompetent japanese woman with a primary brain abscess caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum (ifm 11321) and reviews the findings of 11 previous patients with n. otitidiscaviarum-induced brain abscesses. four patients survived, including ours. beta-lactams were not effective in our patient, and the diagnosis required a pathologic analysis of the surgical specimen. sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (st) ...201425175139
genome based analysis of type-i polyketide synthase and nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene clusters in seven strains of five representative nocardia species.actinobacteria of the genus nocardia usually live in soil or water and play saprophytic roles, but they also opportunistically infect the respiratory system, skin, and other organs of humans and animals. primarily because of the clinical importance of the strains, some nocardia genomes have been sequenced, and genome sequences have accumulated. genome sizes of nocardia strains are similar to those of streptomyces strains, the producers of most antibiotics. in the present work, we compared second ...201424884595
[actinomycetoma of the knee due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum described in the comoro islands].mycetoma is a chronic skin and soft tissue infection encountered in the dry tropical regions and are caused by fungi (eumycetoma) or bacteria (actinomycetoma).201323567231
genome sequence of the nocardia bacteriophage nbr1.we here characterize a novel bacteriophage (nbr1) that is lytic for nocardia otitidiscaviarum and n. brasiliensis. nbr1 is a member of the family siphoviridae and appears to have a structurally more complex tail than previously reported siphoviridae phages. nbr1 has a linear genome of 46,140 bp and a sequence that appears novel when compared to those of other phage sequences in genbank. annotation of the genome reveals 68 putative open reading frames. the phage genome organization appears to be ...201323913189
molecular identification and susceptibility pattern of clinical nocardia species: emergence of nocardia crassostreae as an agent of invasive nocardiosis.nocardia species are rare, opportunistic organisms that cause disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals.201324421815
diversity and frequency of nocardia spp. in the soil of isfahan province, iran.to isolate and identify nocardia spp. from soil in different regions of isfahan province in the center of iran.201223569953
uncommon mandibular osteomyelitis in a cat caused by nocardia africana.nocardiosis is an unusual infection in companion animals characterized by suppurative to pyogranulomatous lesions, localized or disseminated. cutaneous-subcutaneous, pulmonary and systemic signs are observed in feline nocardiosis. however, osteomyelitis is a rare clinical manifestation in cats. nocardia cyriacigeorgica (formerly n. asteroides sensu stricto), nocardia brasiliensis, nocardia otitidiscaviarum, and nocardia nova are the most common pathogenic species identified in cats, based on rec ...201223216681
genome characterization of the polyvalent lytic bacteriophage gte2 with the potential for biocontrol of gordonia, rhodococcus and nocardia stabilized foams in activated sludge plants.hydrophobic actinobacteria are commonly associated with the stabilization of foams in activated sludge systems. one possible attractive approach to control these foam stabilizing organisms is to use specific bacteriophages. we describe the genome characterization of a novel polyvalent dna phage, gte2, isolated from activated sludge. this phage is lytic for gordonia terrae, rhodococcus globerulus, rhodococcus erythropolis, rhodococcus erythropolis, nocardia otitididiscaviarum, and nocardia brasil ...201121498753
isolation of both pseudozyma aphidis and nocardia otitidiscaviarum from a mycetoma on the leg.we describe a case of mycetoma which typified the classic presentation of the disease: a male farmer with affection of the lower limbs and a history of trauma. the patient presented with a swollen right lower limb showing multiple discharging sinuses for 25 years. histopathologically, grains were found by he stain, and clustered yeast-like cells were observed by pas stain. the distinctive 'dot-in-circle' sign was found through mri. besides nocardia otitidiscaviarum, pseudozyma aphidis was isolat ...201121595667
pulmonary nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an immunocompetent host- a rare case report.nocardiosis is a localized or disseminated infection caused by soil-borne aerobic actinomycetes. pulmonary nocardiosis is a rare infection mostly occurring in immunocompromised patients. we reported a case of 36 year old immunocompetent non-smoker female patient with no premorbid illness who presented with fever, cough with scanty sputum, hemoptysis, left sided chest pain and exertional dyspnea for two weeks. there was no past history of tuberculosis, diabetes mellitus or steroid therapy. chest ...201121771689
speciation and susceptibility of nocardia isolated from ocular infections.twenty nocardia spp. isolated from ocular infections were identified by 16s rrna gene sequencing and susceptibility was determined using the e-test (ab biodisk, sweden). species distribution among the 20 isolates was as follows: nocardia levis (n = 7), nocardia farcinica (n = 3), nocardia abscessus (n = 2), nocardia brasiliensis (n = 2), nocardia amamiensis (n = 2), nocardia puris (n = 1), nocardia beijingensis (n = 1), nocardia otitidiscaviarum (n = 1) and nocardia thailandica (n = 1). all isol ...201019832708
mycetoma caused by nocardia caviae in the first brazilian patient.mycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis caused by exogenous fungi or actinomycetes. this infection has a progressive course and shows a typical clinical characteristic of tumefaction, draining sinuses, and grains. infection initiation is related to local trauma and can spread to muscle, underlying bone, and adjacent organs. nocardia brasiliensis is the most frequent actinomycete isolated, while n. caviae is a rare agent.201020465613
cavitary pneumonia caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum.we report a case of cavitary pneumonia caused by n. otitidiscaviarum in a man with diabetes mellitus and thrombocytopenia treated with systemic corticosteroid. taxonomic identification involved phenotypic testing and molecular identification that was carried out by dna sequencing of the 16srrna gene.201024031500
nocardia otitidiscaviarum pneumonia in an alpine chamois (rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra).nocardia otitidiscaviarum was cultured from the lung of an alpine chamois (rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra) with suppurative bronchopneumonia. this is the first report of both nocardiosis and nocardia otitidiscaviarum in this wild ungulate species.200919361807
a fatal case of nocardia otitidiscaviarum pulmonary infection and brain abscess: taxonomic characterization by molecular techniques.we report on a rare case of pulmonary nocardiosis and brain abscess caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an elderly woman with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. taxonomic identification involved phenotypic testing, restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp), and complete 16s rrna gene sequencing.200919366439
comparative in vitro activities of nemonoxacin, doripenem, tigecycline and 16 other antimicrobials against nocardia brasiliensis, nocardia asteroides and unusual nocardia species.the aim of this study was to assess the in vitro activities of nemonoxacin (a novel non-fluorinated quinolone), doripenem, tigecycline and 16 other antimicrobial agents against the nocardia species.200919398458
pulmonary nocardiosis from a tertiary care hospital in southern india.the present study highlights eight cases of pulmonary nocardiosis diagnosed during the time period of january 2006-march 2008. nocardia otitidiscaviarum, n. asteroides and n. brasiliensis were isolated from these cases. whereas six patients were treated successfully, one showed partial response and one case expired before the institution of treatment. early and correct microbiological diagnosis can help to decrease the disease-related morbidity and mortality.200919535755
degradation of phenanthrene and anthracene by nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain tsh1, a moderately thermophilic bacterium.the metabolism of phenanthrene and anthracene by a moderate thermophilic nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain tsh1 was examined.200818312570
naphthalene metabolism in nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain tsh1, a moderately thermophilic microorganism.the thermophilic bacterium nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain tsh1, originally isolated in our laboratory from a petroindustrial wastewater contaminated soil in iran, grows at 50 degrees c on a broad range of hydrocarbons. transformation of naphthalene by strain tsh1 which is able to use this two ring-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pah) as a sole source of carbon and energy was investigated. the metabolic pathway was elucidated by identifying metabolites, biotransformation studies and monitoring ...200818471862
nocardiosis: an overview and additional report of 28 cases in cattle and dogs.phenotypic characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility profile, and clinical-epidemiological features of 28 nocardia strains isolated from 19 cases of bovine mastitis, eight cutaneous-subcutaneous lesions and one case of pneumonia in dogs were evaluated. microbiological, biochemical, cytological and scanning electron microscopy methods were used in diagnosis. nocardia asteroides type iv, nocardia otitidiscaviarum,nocardia nova (type iii) and nocardia farcinica (type v) were isolated from bovin ...200818516465
clinical and microbiological features of nocardiosis 1997-2003.nocardiosis has been believed to be caused by the members of the nocardia asteroides complex and the nocardia brasiliensis species. however, recent advances in genotypic identification have shown that the genus exhibits considerable taxonomic complexity and the phenotypic markers used in the past for its identification can be ambiguous. the aim of this study was to assess the species distribution of nocardia isolates and to determine whether there are differences in pathogenicity or antimicrobia ...200717374898
disseminated nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in a woman with sickle cell anemia and end-stage renal disease.nocardia otitidiscaviarum is an uncommon human pathogen and a rare cause of pulmonary infection and bacteremia. we report a case of n. otitidiscaviarum bacteremia and pulmonary infection in a patient with end-stage renal disease (chronic kidney disease, stage 5) and sickle cell anemia. the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of nocardia infections are discussed.200717570990
[postoperative nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum: pitfalls and delayed diagnosis].nocardiosis is an uncommon infection, which is exceptionally present as a postoperative event. a case of postoperative pulmonary and cerebro-meningeal infection caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum after a leg amputation in a diabetic patient is reported. diagnosis has been delayed and the clinical, radiological and microbiological causes of this delay are assessed from a quality of care management point of view. recommendations are proposed regarding physicians' role and optimized microbiologica ...200717572044
nocardia otitidiscaviarum: cause of long-term cutaneous abscesses on the leg of an immunocompetent man. 200717709682
hydrocarbon degradation by thermophilic nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain tsh1: physiological aspects.indigenous thermophilic hydrocarbon degraders are of special significance for the bioremediation of oil-contaminated desert soils with ambient temperature of 45-50 degrees c. the first objective of this study was to demonstrate the hydrocarbon-degrading capability of nocardia otitidiscaviarum tsh1 (dsm 45,036) which grows optimally at 50 degrees c. analysis of the metabolic profile of the strain tsh1 showed that it could metabolize phenol, intermediate-chain-length n -alkanes and some polycyclic ...200718072240
engineering a rare-cutting restriction enzyme: genetic screening and selection of noti variants.restriction endonucleases (reases) with 8-base specificity are rare specimens in nature. noti from nocardia otitidis-caviarum (recognition sequence 5'-gcggccgc-3') has been cloned, thus allowing for mutagenesis and screening for enzymes with altered 8-base recognition and cleavage activity. variants possessing altered specificity have been isolated by the application of two genetic methods. in step 1, variant e156k was isolated by its ability to induce dna-damage in an indicator strain expressin ...200616456032
biotransformation of bile acids by pathogenic actinomycetes nocardia otitidiscaviarum and amycolatopsis sp. strains.three sterol-type compounds (compounds 4, 5 and 6) were isolated from culture broth of pathogenic nocardia otitidiscaviarum ifm 0988 and amycolatopsis sp. ifm 0703 strains which were isolated from japanese patients. the structures of the compounds were determined by nmr and mass spectrometric analyses. the structural studies indicated that compound 4 is a biotransformation product from cholic acid derivative in a nutrient culture medium constituent by a reductase-type enzyme, and the remaining t ...200516060390
nocardia concava sp. nov., isolated from japanese patients.two actinomycete strains, ifm 0354(t) and ifm 0576, isolated from japanese patients, were found to have morphological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties consistent with their classification in the genus nocardia. the strains resembled nocardia otitidiscaviarum and nocardia uniformis in their phenotypic properties. comparative 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that the strains are closely related to nocardia seriolae. dna-dna relatedness values and phenotypic differences from n. seri ...200516166713
primary cutaneous nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis treated with infliximab.anti-tumor necrosis factor-a (anti-tnf-a) therapy strategies result in significant clinical benefits in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, but with an increased rate of serious infectious diseases. we describe a patient receiving infliximab who developed a primary cutaneous nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection after a skin injury.200516331777
[bacteremic infection due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum: case report and review].we present a case of bacteremic pneumonia caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a corticodependent copd. blood and sputum cultures on mycobacterial media were positives and identification was done using 16s rdna sequencing. in this article we review the most relevant communications about nocardia spp infection and study the strain susceptibility using e-test.200516351482
nocardia inohanensis sp. nov., nocardia yamanashiensis sp. nov. and nocardia niigatensis sp. nov., isolated from clinical specimens.comparative 16s rdna studies on six strains of actinomycete isolated from clinical specimens revealed that they belong to the genus nocardia and are closely related to nocardia seriolae, nocardia otitidiscaviarum, nocardia uniformis, nocardia pseudobrasiliensis and nocardia crassostreae. however, the novel organisms consistently formed a clade distinct from that of the five latter species. determination of dna-dna relatedness indicated that these strains could be classified under three novel spe ...200415023976
first report of pulmonary nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in an immunocompetent patient from turkey.nocardiosis is a rare disease, and worldwide, respiratory and disseminated infections are most often due to nocardia asteroides which is recognised increasingly as an opportunistic infection in patients with underlying chronic debilitating disease or immunodeficiency. however, infection with n. otitidiscaviarum and pulmonary nocardiosis in an immune-competent host remains very rare. we report a 65-year-old immune-competent male with pulmonary n. otitidiscaviarum infection in whom complete cure w ...200415055871
nocardia otitidiscaviarum (gam-5) induces parkinsonian-like alterations in mouse.parkinson's disease, a major neurodegenerative disorder in humans whose etiology is unknown, may be associated with some environmental factors. nocardia otitidiscaviarum (gam-5) isolated from a patient with an actinomycetoma produced signs similar to parkinson's disease following iv injection into nmri mice. nmri mice were infected intravenously with a non-lethal dose of 5 x 10(6) colony forming units of n. otitidiscaviarum (gam-5). fourteen days after bacterial infection, most of the 60 mice in ...200415064817
brain abscess due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum: report of a case and review.we present a case of brain abscess caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an immunocompromized 44-y-old male. only 7 other cases of n. otitidiscaviarum brain abscess or involvement were found in the literature. the mortality was 75% despite treatment among cases reviewed. there is a lack of therapeutic guidelines regarding brain abscesses due to nocardia.200415287385
pyothorax caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a patient with rheumatoid vasculitis.we report a case of pyothorax caused by nocardia (n.) otitidiscaviarum infection in a 69-year-old man with rheumatoid vasculitis, who was regularly treated with prednisolone in our hospital. initially, the patient responded poorly to intravenous imipenem/cilastatin (ipm/cs), minocyclin (mino), and oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (tmp-smx), but later improved after treatment with levofloxacin (lvfx) and gentamicin sulfate (gm) according to in vitro susceptibility tests. to our knowledge, this ...200415335193
[nocardia otitidiscaviarum, cutaneous infection in a patient receiving long-term corticosteroid treatment].a 62-year-old man, under long-term corticosteroid therapy for pigeon breeder's disease, was admitted to endocrinology disease department for cutaneous abscess on back, limbs and scalp. culture of various bacteriological samples (cutaneous abscess, blood culture) isolated nocardia otitidiscaviarum. the patient was treated by trimethoprime-sulfametoxazole during several weeks with abscess disappearance. our laboratory quickly identificatied a bacteria belonging to the nocardia genus, with simple t ...200312702479
nocardia otitidiscaviarum: an unusual nocardia species causing a primary lymphocutaneous infectious process in a mildly immunosuppressed patient. 200214673241
epidemiological aspects of mycetoma from a retrospective study of 264 cases in west bengal.between 1981 and 2000, 264 cases of mycetoma were diagnosed clinically and microbiologically at calcutta school of tropical medicine. retrospective analysis of the records revealed that the ratio of actinomycetomas and eumycetomas was 197 : 67; the male to female ratio was 183 : 81. ninety-four cases occurred in the 1980s and 170 in 1990s, with significantly more infections of actinomadura spp. (p < 0.01) and fewer with nocardia caviae (p < 0.01) during the last decade. pricking was the most com ...200212225511
nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in a cat. 200212418540
[pulmonary nocardia otitidis-caviarum infection in a patient with bronchiectasia]. 200212451664
primary lymphocutaneous nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum.a case of primary lymphocutaneous nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a 69-year-old previously healthy woman is described. the organism was identified in cultures of pus specimens. the patient was treated with a six-month course of oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole chemotherapy following incision and drainage, and the infection completely resolved.200212596292
primary brain abscess with nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an intravenous drug abuser.a primary brain abscess with nocardia otitidiscaviarum in an intravenous drug abuser is reported. nocardia brain abscess has been reported infrequently and normally only in immunocompromised patients. the lungs are the most common primary focus, but brain abscess may also occur following direct cutaneous inoculation. in this case the clinical presentation was first diagnosed as an astrocytoma. however, n. otitidiscaviarum was isolated from the lesion after emergency craniotomy. in contrast to fi ...200111192495
cutaneous nocardiosis of the chest wall and pleura--10-year consequences of a hand actinomycetoma.we report an unusual case of primary cutaneous nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum presenting first as a mycetoma of the right hand and wrist. the patient refused treatment and was lost to follow-up until he showed up 10 years later with numerous discharging large sinuses and abscesses on the upper right quadrant of the chest wall and in the right armpit. roentgenograms revealed pleural masses. histology was in keeping with the diagnosis of mycetoma. treatment with amikacin, rifampicin ...200111306835
[pulmonary nocardia otitidis-caviarum infection in a patient with cushing's disease].while nocardial infections are being diagnosed with increasing frequency, infection with nocardia otitidiscaviarum remains relatively uncommon. we report a case of pulmonary nocardia otitidis-caviarum infection in a 35-year-old man with cushing's disease. this work describes the first case of nocardiosis in japan caused by nocardia otitidis-caviarum in cushing's disease. the patient was admitted to our department because of edema. a diagnosis of cushing's disease was made on the basis of elevate ...200111431917
pulmonary nocardiosis: clinical experience in ten cases.pulmonary nocardiosis is an infrequent infection whose incidence seems to be increasing due to a higher degree of clinical suspicion and the increasing number of immunosuppressive factors.200111464085
[pulmonary nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in an immunocompetent host].a rare case of pulmonary nocardia otitidiscaviarum (n. otitidiscaviarum) was encountered in an immunocompetent host. a 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a high fever and a productive cough. his chest radiograph and ct scan revealed infiltrative shadows in the right middle and lower lung fields. although several antibiotics (third-generation cephalosporin, minocycline, imipenem) were administered, the fever and cough persisted, and c-reactive protein remained elevated. repeated sp ...200011193319
intracerebral abscess caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a renal transplant patient--cured by evacuation plus antibiotic therapy.we present a 50-year-old female who experienced generalized convulsion 3 months after a successful cadaveric renal transplantation. the first cerebral ct scan indicated cerebral frontal infarction. repeat ct some days later revealed progressive lesions, and a highly malignant tumor or abscess was suspected. antifungal and broad-spectrum antibacterial therapy was initiated. cerebral mri could not differentiate between these conditions, but a neutrophil granulocyte scan strongly suggested an infec ...200010971157
nocardia uniformis nom. rev.a soil isolate representing the putatively novel species 'nocardia uniformis' was found to have morphological, staining and chemotaxonomic properties consistent with its classification in the genus nocardia. an almost complete sequence of the 16s rdna of the strain was determined following cloning and sequencing of the amplified gene. the sequence was aligned with those available for nocardiae and phylogenetic trees were inferred using four tree-making algorithms. the organism was consistently a ...199910425784
nocardia crassostreae sp. nov., the causal agent of nocardiosis in pacific oysters.seven strains of bacteria were isolated from pacific oysters, crassostrea gigas, with a focal or systemic disease. the strains were aerobic, gram-positive, acid-fast, produced a mycelium which fragmented into irregular rod-like elements, had a peptidoglycan containing meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose as major sugars, mycolic acids with 46-58 carbon atoms and g + c-rich dna. all of these properties are consistent with the classification of the organisms in the genus nocardia. a p ...19989542093
pulmonary nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in a patient with chronic respiratory infection.we report a case of pulmonary nocardia (n.) otitidiscaviarum infection in a 76-year-old man with chronic respiratory infection. the patient responded poorly to intravenous imipenem and oral minocycline, but later improved after treatment with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. pulmonary infection with n. otitidiscaviarum should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chronic respiratory infections. further studies are needed to evaluate the correlation between species and drug susceptibility.19989840712
molecular study of persistence of nocardia asteroides and nocardia otitidiscaviarum strains in patients with long-term nocardiosis.three nocardia asteroides and five nocardia otitidiscaviarum isolates recovered from three patients with long-term nocardiosis were compared by random amplification of polymorphic dna fingerprinting, antibiotic susceptibility testing, and enzymatic characterization. results obtained with primer dku49 (p. palittapongarnpim, s. chomyc, a. fanning, and d. kunimoto, j. infect. dis. 167:975-978, 1993) provide evidence that patient a was infected by two n. asteroides strains during a single episode of ...19979114399
rapid identification of clinically significant species and taxa of aerobic actinomycetes, including actinomadura, gordona, nocardia, rhodococcus, streptomyces, and tsukamurella isolates, by dna amplification and restriction endonuclease analysis.a previously described pcr-restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) identification schema for nocardia that used an amplified 439-bp segment (amplicon) of the 65-kda heat shock protein gene was evaluated for potential use with isolates of all clinically significant aerobic actinomycetes. the study included 28 reference (american type culture collection) strains and 198 clinical isolates belonging to 20 taxonomic groups. of these 198 isolates, 188 could be differentiated by this pcr-rflp m ...19979157134
nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection of a traumatic skin wound.a case of primary nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection of a skin wound over an open fracture in a previously healthy adult who suffered multiple trauma in a car accident is reported. the organism was identified in cultures of pus specimens from the infected wound. the case demonstrated the difficulties of testing susceptibility of nocardiae in vitro and the necessity of prolonged antibiotic treatment. the prevalence of nocardial infections is underestimated, highlighting the need for adequate doc ...19979228480
disseminated nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a patient with aids.a case of disseminated infection due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum is described in a caucasian man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. the patient presented with no previous aids-defining conditions, a cd4 lymphocyte count of 206 cells/mm(3) and enlarging intra-abdominal and chest wall abscesses with bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. aggressive surgical debridement and antimicrobial therapy with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and amikacin resulted in clinical cure. long term suppressive ...199722346531
nocardia pseudobrasiliensis sp. nov., a new species of nocardia which groups bacterial strains previously identified as nocardia brasiliensis and associated with invasive diseases.we studied five strains of a new nocardia taxon recently identified among nocardia brasiliensis strains associated with invasive diseases (r. j. wallace, jr., b. a. brown, z. blacklock, r. ulrich, k. jost, j. m. brown, m. m. mcneil, g. onyi, v. a. steingrube, and j. gibson, j. clin. microbiol. 33:1528-1533, 1995) to determine their taxonomic status. several characteristics of these organisms, including the presence of chemotype iv cell walls, nocardomycolic acids, a predominant menaquinone simil ...19968573505
mixed pulmonary infection with nocardia, candida, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, and group d streptococcus species.a 67-year-old man on prednisolone and azathioprine for ulcerative colitis, developed severe pneumonia due to nocardia otitidis caviarum, methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, a group d streptococcus and candida albicans. the patient responded well to aggressive antimicrobial therapy.19968944211
pneumonia caused by nocardia caviae in a healthy neonate. 19958714625
primary cutaneous nocardiosis caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum: two cases and a review of the literature.we report two cases of primary cutaneous nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum. the first case is a mycetoma, the second, a cutaneous abcess: these two cases were imported into france (vietnam, zimbabwe). the literature on primary cutaneous nocardiosis due to n. otitidiscaviarum is reviewed.19958544221
a phylogenetic analysis of the genus nocardia with 16s rrna gene sequences.partial sequences of the 16s rrna genes of the type strains of nine species of the genus nocardia were determined following the isolation and cloning of the amplified genes. these sequences were aligned with the sequences of representatives of the genera corynebacterium, gordona, mycobacterium, rhodococcus, and tsukamurella, and phylogenetic trees were inferred by using the fitch-margoliash and neighbor-joining methods. the genus nocardia formed a distinct clade that was most closely associated ...19957537058
primary cutaneous nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection: case report and review.organisms of the genus nocardia cause a variety of illnesses in humans and other mammals. nocardiae normally enter the body via the respiratory tract, but they may also be directly inoculated into the skin, causing primary cutaneous disease. nocardia otitidiscaviarum is one of the less commonly isolated species of nocardia, but it can produce localized or disseminated infection. we report a case of primary cutaneous n. otitidiscaviarum infection and review the clinical and microbiological featur ...19957620008
primary lymphocutaneous nocardiosis due to nocardia otitidiscaviarum: the first case report from japan.we report a case of lymphocutaneous syndrome caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum (formerly known as n. caviae) in a 78-year-old woman who underwent long-term therapy with prednisolone for bronchial asthma. histological examination showed granulomatous reaction with multiple polymorphonuclear leukocytes and revealed a gram positive filament in the dermis. gram-positive, slightly acid-fast branched filaments were also found in the smear of the purulent material. the cell wall constituents of the i ...19957673554
phosphorylative inactivation of rifampicin by nocardia otitidiscaviarum.rifampicin was inactivated by nocardia otitidiscaviarum to yield two products designated rip-3 and rip-4. the full structures of rip-3 and rip-4 were determined to be 21-(o-phosphoryl) rifampicin and 3-formyl-21-(o-phosphoryl) rifamycin sv, respectively, but neither product had any antimicrobial activity.19947928806
first reported nocardia otitidiscaviarum infection in an aids patient in italy.nocardiosis is a well-described infection in immunocompromised patients, and has been rarely documented in patients with aids. nocardia asteroides is the most frequently isolated etiologic agent. rare cases are due to n. brasiliensis and n. otitidiscaviarum. this work describes the first case of nocardiosis in italy caused by n. otitidiscaviarum in an aids patient. a 31 year-old intravenous drug abuser with a diagnosis of full-blown aids, presented with high fever and lymphadenitis with a fistul ...19947935727
lymphocutaneous nocardiosis caused by nocardia caviae: the first case report from asia. 19938408800
review of nocardial infections in france 1987 to 1990.on the basis of the numbers of nocardia strains referred to the national reference center for mycoses and antifungal agents (nrc), institut pasteur, paris, in the period from 1987 to 1990, it was estimated that between 150 and 250 cases of nocardiosis are diagnosed in france each year. a total of 63 clinical isolates were referred to the nrc and identified as nocardia asteroides (66.7%), nocardia farcinica (23.8%), nocardia brasiliensis (3.2%), nocardia otitidiscaviarum (4.8%) and nocardia carne ...19921425729
light and electron microscopic studies on experimental nocardia-toxicosis in mice.an exotoxin (hs-6) produced by nocardia otitidiscaviarum isolated from certain lesions of cutaneous nocardiosis of a male 82-year-old patient induced severe injuries in the pancreas, liver, stomach, small intestine, heart, thymus and kidney of male icr mice. mice given nocardia-free preparation of hs-6 at a dose of 1 mg/kg of body weight developed several autophagic vacuoles in the pancreas and liver within 20 min after the i.p. injection. thereafter, the autophagic vacuoles increased in number ...19921435948
nocardia otitidiscaviarum (caviae) infection in a heart transplant patient presented as having a thigh abscess (madura thigh).the first case of disseminated infection with nocardia otitidiscaviarum in a heart transplant patient is reported. the clinical spectrum and treatment of infections with n. otitidiscaviarum is discussed, including our patient's apparent response to imipenem/cilastatin.19921498150
in-vitro activity of new carbapenem antibiotics: comparative studies with meropenem, l-627 and imipenem against pathogenic nocardia spp.mics of two new carbapenems, meropenem and l-627, and imipenem were determined against 98 strains of the nocardia asteroides group (i.e. n. asteroides sensu stricto, nocardia farcinica and nocardia nova), 46 strains of nocardia brasiliensis and 17 strains of nocardia otitidiscaviarum. meropenem and l-627 were less active against the n. asteroides group than imipenem. among the three species of the n. asteroides group, n. nova was the most sensitive to all the carbapenems. meropenem was more acti ...19921506332
septic arthritis due to nocardia caviae. 19911768177
mycetoma due to nocardia caviae--a case report. 19911794911
acid and alkali as aids in differentiation of pathogenic nocardia and for their isolation from clinical specimens.the tolerance of nocardia brasiliensis, nocardia asteroides and nocardia caviae to different concentrations of acids and alkalis was studied in this work. the purpose was to determine their use: (a) in the differentiation of species; (b) for decontamination of clinical materials during the isolation of pathogenic nocardia. the results showed (1) that both 2 m nh3 and 0.05 m h2so4 solutions are useful for differentiating species. they can also be used as a complementary method for identification. ...19912067559
[nocardia caviae meningitis in a patient with hiv infection]. 19902091125
comparison of antigens from agents of actinomycetoma by immunodiffusion and electrophoresis procedures.antigenic extracts were prepared from culture filtrates of the principal agents known to cause actinomycetoma, namely actinomadura madurae, actinomadura pelletieri, nocardia asteroides, nocardia brasiliensis, nocardia otitidis-caviarum, and streptomyces somaliensis. these antigenic preparations were compared by immunodiffusion (id), counterimmunoelectrophoresis (cie), line immunoelectrophoresis (lie) and rocket line immunoelectrophoresis (rlie), with rabbit antisera prepared against each of the ...19902126557
a toxic substance produced by nocardia otitidiscaviarum isolated from cutaneous nocardiosis.during our studies on toxic substances from clinically isolated nocarida, a new isolate identified as nocardia otitidiscaviarum from cutaneous nocardiosis was found to produce a toxic substance called hs-6 that had strong in vitro as well as in vivo toxicity. the mouse intraperitoneal ld50 value was 1.25 mg/kg and the ed50 value for l1210 cultured cells was 0.3 ng/ml. the structure of hs-6 was determined and found to belong to the 16-membered macrocyclic group with a molecular formula of c43h68o ...19902293032
the efficiency of 1 m nh4cl and 2 m nacl for the isolation of pathogenic nocardia from soil.the present paper reports an improvement to the classical method of the paraffin bait, by the usage of 1 m nh4cl or 2 m nacl to eliminate contaminant microflora of soil. the purpose is to introduce a change in the paraffin bait method in order to reduce time required to isolate pathogenic strains of nocardia from their natural sources. for this study three main criteria were used: a) determination of the inhibitory effect of different concentrations of salts on soil microflora; b) the tolerance ...19892594047
[nocardiosis: clinical observations apropos of 9 cases].we have retrospectively analyzed 9 cases of nocardiosis that were studied in our hospital over the past 10 years. 66% of the patients had an associated disease and half of them were on steroid treatment. the clinical manifestations of the infection were pulmonary and cutaneous and in 44% of cases, it disseminated to the central nervous system. the diagnosis was made in all cases isolating the microorganism from pulmonary secretions, puss, spinal fluid and blood. nocardia asteroides was isolated ...19892623279
brain abscess due to nocardia.cerebral nocardiosis is a rare disease, usually occurring in immunocompromised hosts. we report here two cases of brain abscess due to nocardia species-one due to usual n. asteroides and other by uncommon n. caviae. n. asteroides affected the brain in a post renal transplant patient, whereas n. caviae caused infection of brain in an apparently healthy individual. to the best of our knowledge, all the previous cases of brain abscess due to nocardia caviae have been reported in compromised hosts. ...19892693966
primary subcutaneous abscess caused by nocardia otitidiscaviarum. 19892745762
size and homology of the genomes of leprosy-derived corynebacteria, mycobacterium leprae, and other corynebacteria and mycobacteria.the genomes of mycobacterium leprae and leprosy-derived corynebacteria (ldc), which have a similar base composition of guanine + cytosine 56 mol %, have been compared with those of reference bacteria of the cmn group (genera corynebacterium, mycobacterium, nocardia). genome sizes of three ldc strains were (1.2-2.5) x 10(6) base pairs. dna from four of seven ldc strains examined had homology levels greater than 60%. two other strains had a homology of 40% when compared with the cmn strains and on ...19883050108
in vitro susceptibilities of nocardia species to newer antimicrobial agents.the in vitro activities of various quinolones, two newer cephalosporins, and imipenem against 23 strains of nocardia asteroides, 4 strains of nocardia brasiliensis, and 4 strains of nocardia caviae were determined by an agar dilution method. pd-117558, a newer carboxyquinolone, and imipenem were the most active agents tested, inhibiting 90% of n. asteroides isolates at an mic of 2 micrograms/ml. of the 23 strains of n. asteroides, 15 were susceptible to cefpirome and 10 were susceptible to cipro ...19883190193
pulmonary infection with nocardia caviae in a patient with diabetes mellitus and liver cirrhosis.the first reported case of pulmonary infection with nocardia caviae in britain occurred in a 67 year old woman, in whom diabetes mellitus and liver cirrhosis probably contributed to impaired cell mediated immunity. she was successfully treated with gentamicin 60 mg eight hourly and sulphadimidine 500 mg six hourly for six months and then with sulphadimidine 2 g/day for a further three months. when nocardia caviae is isolated from the sputum of a patient with chronic respiratory infection and fev ...19883222767
mycetoma due to nocardia caviae.mycetoma is the most frequent deep mycosis in mexico and is caused by nocardia brasiliensis in 86% of the cases. two cases of mycetoma due to nocardia caviae, the first in mexico, are reported. the strains were identified by their biochemical properties according to the criteria of gordon and mihm (1962). few cases of mycetoma caused by this actinomycete have been reported in the world. one of our cases was unusual: occurring on the trunk as a tumor and diagnosed by finding the "grains" on histo ...19873494691
primary cutaneous nocardiosis due to nocardia caviae. 19873567798
the second case of mycetoma due to nocardia caviae in israel.a second case of actinomycetoma due to nocardia caviae contracted in israel is reported. a 39-year-old female of yemenite origin, resident in israel for more than 15 years, presented with a sclerotic tumor mass on the dorsum of the right foot which discharged an oily purulent fluid containing minute yellowish granules. seen in the microscopic examination of smears were thin gram-positive filaments and bacillary elements. culture of the crushed granules yielded small pale colonies identified as n ...19863713800
isolation and characterization of an o-methylglucose-containing lipopolysaccharide produced by nocardia otitidis-caviarum.the low-mr lipopolysaccharide produced by nocardia otitidis-cavirum is composed of 6-o-methyl-d-glucose (11 mol), d-glucose (8 mol) and 3-o-methyl-d-glucose (1 mol). glyceric acid was also found as a constituent. methylation and periodate oxidation analyses suggested that the backbone was formed by (1----4)-linked glucose and o-methylglucose residues. glucose (1 mol) and 6-o-methylglucose (1 mol) served as branching points. acetic acid was the major acyl substituent esterifying glucose residues. ...19863794652
determination of sensitivity and specificity of the nocardia asteroides skin test for detection of bovine mammary infections caused by nocardia asteroides and nocardia caviae.a total of 116 cows from 4 dairy herds in california were used to determine the sensitivity and specificity of extracellular antigen of nocardia astero des for possible detection of bovine mastitis caused by n asteroides and n caviae. three different positive criteria were used. these criteria gave different sensitivity and specificity to the skin test. the highest sensitivity of 80% and highest specificity of 96.04% were obtained by combining 2 criteria. the study found no cross-reaction betwee ...19826178326
[experimental pathogenicity of isolates of nocardia asteroides, nocardia brasiliensis and nocardia caviae from different sources].the experimental pathogenicity of 14 isolates of nocardia brasiliensis, 15 of n. asteroides, and 5 of n. caviae was investigated for the white swiss mice inoculated intraperitoneally and in the foot pad, and for the guinea-pig and the hamster (mesocricetus auratus) both inoculated intratesticularly. the guinea-pig was remarkably sensitive to n. asteroides, with an apparent relationship between pathogenicity and thermotolerance, confirming previous observations. mice were in general less suscepti ...19826760417
recovery of microorganisms from synovial and pleural fluids of animals using hyperosmolar media.l-phase (cwd) broth and plate media were used in parallel with conventional microbiological media during a 3-year period for culturing synovial and pleural fluids of animals. two kinds of recoveries were obtained where parallel conventional methods were negative: (1) parent or normal bacteria, in very low numbers; and (2) type b cwd variants in equally low numbers. organisms in group 1 were: streptococcus zooepidemicus from horses (2x); beta-hemolytic streptococci, lancefield gp. g (2x); staphyl ...19827101719
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