Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| wildlife interactions on baited places and waterholes in a french area infected by bovine tuberculosis. | interactions among wildlife species are major drivers for the transmission of multi-host pathogens, such as mycobacterium bovis, which also affect livestock. although france is officially free from bovine tuberculosis (btb), some areas are still harboring infection in cattle and wildlife. we aimed at characterizing the visits of susceptible wild species (badger, red deer, and wild boar) at baited places and waterholes, considered as possible hotspots for contacts. we described the visits in term ... | 2017 | 28138439 |
| [infection due to mycobacterium bovis in common variable immunodeficiency]. | common variable immunodeficiency (cvid) is an heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by impaired antibody production. it shows a wide spectrum of manifestations including severe and recurrent respiratory infections (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus) and gastrointestinal (campylobacter jejuni, rotavirus and giardia lamblia). viral infections caused by herpes zoster, cytomegalovirus (cmv) and hepatitis c are rare. the opportunistic agents such as cmv, pneumocystis jirovecii, cryptococ ... | 2017 | 25758115 |
| chemical characterization and evaluation of antibacterial, antifungal, antimycobacterial, and cytotoxic activities of talinum paniculatum. | in this study, the bioactivity of talinum paniculatum was evaluated, a plant widely used in folk medicine. the extract from the t. paniculatum leaves (le) was obtained by percolation with ethanol-water and then subjecting it to liquid-liquid partitions, yielding hexane (hx), ethyl acetate (etoac), butanol (buoh), and aqueous (aq) fractions. screening for antimicrobial activity of the le and its fractions was evaluated in vitro through broth microdilution method, against thirteen pathogenic and n ... | 2017 | 26603226 |
| the wide spectrum high biocidal potency of bioxy formulation when dissolved in water at different concentrations. | traditional surface disinfectants that have long been applied in medicine, animal husbandry, manufacturing and institutions are inconvenient at best and dangerous at worst. moreover, some of these substances have adverse environmental impacts: for example, quaternary ammonium compounds ("quats") are reproductive toxicants in both fish and mammals. halogens are corrosive both to metals and living tissues, are highly reactive, can be readily neutralized by metals, and react with organic matter to ... | 2017 | 28207828 |
| production of superoxide in bacteria is stress- and cell state-dependent: a gating-optimized flow cytometry method that minimizes ros measurement artifacts with fluorescent dyes. | the role of reactive oxygen species (ros) in microbial metabolism and stress response has emerged as a major theme in microbiology and infectious disease. reactive fluorescent dyes have the potential to advance the study of ros in the complex intracellular environment, especially for high-content and high-throughput analyses. however, current dye-based approaches to measuring intracellular ros have the potential for significant artifacts. here, we describe a robust platform for flow cytometric q ... | 2017 | 28377755 |
| msmeg_5684 down-regulation in mycobacterium smegmatis affects its permeability, survival under stress and persistence. | the mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) genome sequence and annotation details have been available for a long time; however physiological relevance of many orfs remains poorly described. mtb is a pathogenic strain; hence, surrogate strains such as mycobacterium bovis bcg and mycobacterium smegmatis (msmeg) have also been studied to gain an understanding of mycobacterial physiology and metabolism. the mycobacterium smegmatis mc(2) 155 orf msmeg_5684 is annotated as a part of serine biosynthetic path ... | 2017 | 28237035 |
| engineering mycobacteria for the production of self-assembling biopolyesters displaying mycobacterial antigens for use as a tuberculosis vaccine. | tuberculosis (tb) is a disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis or mycobacterium bovis and still remains one of the world's biggest global health burdens. recently, engineered polyhydroxyalkanoate (pha) biobeads that were produced in both escherichia coli and lactococcus lactis and displayed mycobacterial antigens were found to induce significant cell-mediated immune responses in mice. we observed that such pha beads contained host cell proteins as impurities, which we hypothesized to have t ... | 2017 | 28087528 |
| prevalence and risk factors for mycobacterium bovis infection in african lions ( panthera leo ) in the kruger national park. | mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (btb), is endemic in the kruger national park (knp), south africa. african lions ( panthera leo ) are susceptible to btb, but the impact of the disease on lion populations is unknown. in this study, we used a novel gene expression assay for chemokine (c-x-c motif) ligand 9 (cxcl9) to measure the prevalence of m. bovis infection in 70 free-ranging lions that were opportunistically sampled in the southern and central regions of the kn ... | 2017 | 28122192 |
| balancing trained immunity with persistent immune activation and the risk of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in infant macaques vaccinated with attenuated mycobacterium tuberculosis or mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccine. | our goal is to develop a pediatric combination vaccine to protect the vulnerable infant population against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) and tuberculosis (tb) infections. the vaccine consists of an auxotroph mycobacterium tuberculosis strain that coexpresses hiv antigens. utilizing an infant rhesus macaque model, we have previously shown that this attenuated m. tuberculosis (amtb)-simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) vaccine is immunogenic, and although the vaccine did not prevent o ... | 2017 | 27655885 |
| serological analysis of tuberculosis in goats by use of the enferplex caprine tb multiplex test. | tuberculosis in goats is usually diagnosed clinically, at postmortem, or by a positive skin test. however, none of these approaches detects all infected animals. serology offers an additional tool to identify infected animals missed by current tests. we describe the use of the enferplex caprine tb serology test to aid the management of a large dairy goat herd undergoing a tuberculosis breakdown. initial skin and serology testing showed that igg antibodies were present in both serum and milk from ... | 2017 | 27974399 |
| cost-based optimization of the stopping threshold for local disease surveillance during progressive eradication of tuberculosis from new zealand wildlife. | bovine tuberculosis (tb) is managed in new zealand largely via population reduction of the major wildlife disease reservoir of mycobacterium bovis, the introduced brushtail possum trichosurus vulpecula. new zealand aims to eradicate m. bovis infection from its livestock and wildlife within 40 years, as the culmination of progressive regional eradication programmes. declarations of regional eradication are decided after extensive possum population control and post-control surveillance; hence, we ... | 2017 | 28391623 |
| assessment of serological tests for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis. | 2017 | 28386030 | |
| updated reference genome sequence and annotation of mycobacterium bovis af2122/97. | we report here an update to the reference genome sequence of the bovine tuberculosis bacillus mycobacterium bovis af2122/97, generated using an integrative multiomics approach. the update includes 42 new coding sequences (cdss), 14 modified annotations, 26 single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) corrections, and disclosure that the rd900 locus, previously described as absent from the genome, is in fact present. | 2017 | 28385856 |
| molecular and genomic features of mycobacterium bovis strain 1595 isolated from korean cattle. | the aim of this study was to investigate the molecular characteristics and conduct a comparative genomic analysis for mycobacterium bovis strain 1595 isolated from a native korean cow. molecular typing showed that m. bovis 1595 has spoligotype sb0140 with mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number of tandem repeats typing of 4-2-5-3-2-7-5-5-4-3-4-3-4-3, representing the most common type of m. bovis in korea. the complete genome sequence of strain 1595 was determined using illumi ... | 2017 | 28385004 |
| the bioinformatics analysis of comparative genomics of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) provides insight into dissimilarities between intraspecific groups differing in host association, virulence, and epitope diversity. | tuberculosis now exceeds hiv as the top infectious disease cause of mortality, and is caused by the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc). mtbc strains have highly conserved genome sequences (similarity >99%) but dramatically different phenotypes. to analyze the relationship between genotype and phenotype, we conducted the comparative genomic analysis on 12 mtbc strains representing different lineages (i.e., mycobacterium bovis; m. bovis bcg; m. microti; m. africanum; m. tuberculosis h37rv; ... | 2017 | 28377903 |
| delamanid kills dormant mycobacteria in vitro and in the guinea pig model of tuberculosis. | tb treatment is long and requires multiple drugs, likely due to various phenotypes of tb bacilli with variable drug-susceptibility. drugs with broad activity are urgently needed. the study aimed to evaluate delamanid's activity against growing or dormant bacilli in vitro as well as in vivo culture of mycobacterium bovis bcg tokyo under aerobic and anaerobic condition was used to study delamanid's activity against growing and dormant bacilli, respectively. delamanid exhibited significant bacteric ... | 2017 | 28373190 |
| proteomic analysis of protein purified derivative of mycobacterium bovis. | tuberculin skin test based on in vivo intradermal inoculation of purified protein derivative from mycobacterium bovis (bppd) is the diagnostic test for the control and surveillance of bovine tuberculosis (btb). | 2017 | 28372590 |
| amphiphilic indole derivatives as antimycobacterial agents: structure-activity relationships and membrane targeting properties. | antibacterials that disrupt cell membrane function have the potential to eradicate "persister" organisms and delay the emergence of resistance. here we report the antimycobacterial activities of 4-fluoro and 6-methoxyindoles bearing a cationic amphiphilic motif represented by a lipophilic n-octyl side chain at position 1 and a positively charged azepanyl or 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane moiety at position 3. these analogues exhibited balanced profiles of potency (mycobacterium bovis bcg, m tub ... | 2017 | 28290692 |
| altered helper t cell-mediated immune responses in male mice conceived through in vitro fertilization. | a study using a mouse ivf model was conducted to examine the hypothesis that in vitro fertilization (ivf) treatment may lead to immune system alteration in the offspring. phagocytic activity and lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogen, alloantigen, and purified protein derivative (ppd) of mycobacterium bovis were investigated in the splenocytes of bcg-treated male mice conceived by ivf or natural conception. intracellular expression of t-bet and gata3 in helper t-cell population were exami ... | 2017 | 28284725 |
| correction: oxidative stress in wild boars naturally and experimentally infected with mycobacterium bovis. | [this corrects the article doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163971.]. | 2017 | 28278286 |
| same-day diagnostic and surveillance data for tuberculosis via whole genome sequencing of direct respiratory samples. | routine full characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis (tb) is culture-based, taking many weeks. whole-genome sequencing (wgs) can generate antibiotic susceptibility profiles to inform treatment, augmented with strain information for global surveillance; such data could be transformative if provided at or near point of care.we demonstrate a low-cost dna extraction method for tb wgs direct from patient samples. we initially evaluated the method using the illumina miseq sequencer (40 smear-po ... | 2017 | 28275074 |
| exposure of threatened accipitridae to mycobacterium bovis calls for active surveillance. | anthropogenic activities have cumulatively led to the dramatic decline of world populations of vultures that currently face serious survival challenges in several regions of the world. in portugal, the three resident species qualify as endangered and are under conservation efforts, mainly in the central east and south-east regions, where habitat protection and artificial feeding stations were implemented. concurrently, the areas under protection are highly affected by tuberculosis (tb) in cattle ... | 2017 | 28258525 |
| rationalized design of a mucosal vaccine protects against mycobacterium tuberculosis challenge in mice. | pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. the only licensed tb vaccine, mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg), has variable efficacy in protecting against pulmonary tb. thus, the development of more effective tb vaccines is critical to control the tb epidemic. specifically, vaccines delivered through the mucosal route are known to induce th17 responses and provide superior protection against mtb infec ... | 2017 | 28258153 |
| the influence of haemoglobin and iron on in vitro mycobacterial growth inhibition assays. | the current vaccine against tuberculosis, live attenuated mycobacterium bovis bcg, has variable efficacy, but development of an effective alternative is severely hampered by the lack of an immune correlate of protection. there has been a recent resurgence of interest in functional in vitro mycobacterial growth inhibition assays (mgias), which provide a measure of a range of different immune mechanisms and their interactions. we identified a positive correlation between mean corpuscular haemoglob ... | 2017 | 28256545 |
| tlr2 contributes to trigger immune response of pleural mesothelial cells against mycobacterium bovis bcg and m. tuberculosis infection. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is a causative agent leading to pleural effusion, characterized by the accumulation of fluid and immune cells in the pleural cavity. although this phenomenon has been described before, detailed processes or mechanisms associated with the pleural effusion are still not well understood. pleural mesothelial cells (pmcs) are specialized epithelial cells that cover the body wall and internal organs in pleural cavity playing a central role in pleural inflammation. toll-like ... | 2017 | 28249177 |
| epidemiological investigation of bovine tuberculosis outbreaks in uruguay (2011-2013). | bovine tuberculosis (btb) is a chronic disease of cattle caused by infection with the mycobacterium bovis. while btb prevalence in uruguay has been low (<11 outbreaks/year) for the past 50 years as a consequence of a national control program, annual incidence increased in 2011 through 2013-15, 26 and 16 infected herds each year, raising concerns from livestock stakeholders and the government. the goal of this study was to assess the spatial dynamics of btb in uruguay from 2011 to 2013 and the as ... | 2017 | 28237231 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus-vectored multi-antigen tuberculosis vaccine limits bacterial proliferation in mice following a single intranasal dose. | tuberculosis (tb) remains a serious health problem worldwide, and an urgent need exists to improve or replace the available vaccine, mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg). most vaccination protocols adapt two or three doses to induce long-term lasting immunity. our previous study showed that the naked dna encoding the triple-antigen fusion tfp846 (rv3615c-mtb10.4-rv2660c) induced robust t cellular immune responses accompanying four inoculations against mycobacteria infection. howeve ... | 2017 | 28224119 |
| epidemiological tracing of bovine tuberculosis in switzerland, multilocus variable number of tandem repeat analysis of mycobacterium bovis and mycobacterium caprae. | after 15 years of absence, in 2013 bovine tuberculosis (btb), caused by mycobacterium (m.) bovis and m. caprae, reemerged in the swiss dairy cattle population. in order to identify the sources of infection as well as the spread of the agents, molecular-epidemiologic tracing by miru-vntr analysis in combination with spoligotyping was performed. a total of 17 m. bovis and 7 m. caprae isolates were cultured from tuberculous bovine lymph nodes and analyzed with a set of 49 genetic markers by using a ... | 2017 | 28222182 |
| mycobacterium bovis in a free-ranging black rhinoceros, kruger national park, south africa, 2016. | in 2016, an emaciated black rhinoceros (diceros bicornis) was found in kruger national park, south africa. an interferon-γ response was detected against mycobacterial antigens, and lung tissue was positive for mycobacterium bovis. this case highlights the risk that tuberculosis presents to rhinoceros in m. bovis-endemic areas. | 2017 | 28221132 |
| comparison of sputum-culture conversion for mycobacterium bovis and m. tuberculosis. | current us guidelines recommend longer treatment for tuberculosis (tb) caused by pyrazinamide-resistant organisms (e.g., mycobacterium bovis) than for m. tuberculosis tb. we compared treatment response times for patients with m. bovis tb and m. tuberculosis tb reported in the united states during 2006-2013. we included culture-positive, pulmonary tb patients with genotyping results who received standard 4-drug treatment at the time of diagnosis. time to sputum-culture conversion was defined as t ... | 2017 | 28221125 |
| epidemiology of mycobacterium bovis disease in humans in england, wales, and northern ireland, 2002-2014. | despite control efforts, mycobacterium bovis incidence among cattle remains high in parts of england, wales, and northern ireland, attracting political and public health interest in potential spread from animals to humans. to determine incidence among humans and to identify associated factors, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of human m. bovis cases in england, wales, and northern ireland during 2002-2014. we identified 357 cases and observed increased annual case numbers (from 17 to ... | 2017 | 28220748 |
| using whole genome sequencing to investigate transmission in a multi-host system: bovine tuberculosis in new zealand. | bovine tuberculosis (btb), caused by mycobacterium bovis, is an important livestock disease raising public health and economic concerns around the world. in new zealand, a number of wildlife species are implicated in the spread and persistence of btb in cattle populations, most notably the brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula). whole genome sequenced (wgs) m. bovis isolates sourced from infected cattle and wildlife across new zealand were analysed. bayesian phylogenetic analyses were conducte ... | 2017 | 28209138 |
| patterns and processes of mycobacterium bovis evolution revealed by phylogenomic analyses. | 2017 | 28201585 | |
| a novel mycobacterial in vitro infection assay identifies differences of induced macrophage apoptosis between cd4+ and cd8+ t cells. | macrophages are natural host cells for pathogenic mycobacteria, like mycobacterium tuberculosis (m.tb). immune surveillance by t cells and interaction with m.tb infected macrophages is crucial for protection against m.tb reactivation and development of active tuberculosis. several factors play a role in the control of m.tb infection but reliable biomarkers remain elusive. one major obstacle is the absence of functional in vitro assays which allow concomitant determination of i) mycobacterial era ... | 2017 | 28199374 |
| mycobacterium bovis in a european bison (bison bonasus) raises concerns about tuberculosis in brazilian captive wildlife populations: a case report. | tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis is an important worldwide zoonosis and has been reported to cause clinical disease in several animal species, including captive wildlife. this report describes a case of m. bovis infection in a european bison from a brazilian zoo and compiles a number of literature reports that raise concern regarding tuberculosis among captive wildlife in brazil. | 2017 | 28187776 |
| stable expression of mycobacterium bovis antigen 85b in auxotrophic m. bovis bacillus calmette-guérin. | bovine tuberculosis (tb) is a zoonotic disease caused by mycobacterium bovis, responsible for causing major losses in livestock. a cost effective alternative to control the disease could be herd vaccination. the bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine has a limited efficacy against bovine tb, but can improved by over-expression of protective antigens. the m. bovis antigen 85b demonstrates ability to induce protective immune response against bovine tb in animal models. however, current systems for ... | 2017 | 28177046 |
| the effect of oral vaccination with mycobacterium bovis bcg on the development of tuberculosis in captive european badgers (meles meles). | the european badger (meles meles) is a reservoir host of mycobacterium bovis and responsible for a proportion of the tuberculosis (tb) cases seen in cattle in the united kingdom and republic of ireland. an injectable preparation of the bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine is licensed for use in badgers in the uk and its use forms part of the bovine tb eradication plans of england and wales. however, there are practical limitations to the widespread application of an injectable vaccine for badg ... | 2017 | 28174695 |
| vaccination of calves with mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guerin reduces the frequency and severity of lesions of bovine tuberculosis under a natural transmission setting in ethiopia. | bovine tuberculosis (btb) is highly prevalent in intensive dairy farms of the urban "milk-sheds" in ethiopia, and vaccination could be a cost-effective disease control strategy. in the present study, the efficacy of bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) to protect against btb was assessed in holstein-friesian calves in a natural transmission setting. twenty-three 2-week-old calves were subcutaneously vaccinated with bcg danish ssi strain 1331, and matched 26 calves were injected with placebo. six weeks ... | 2017 | 28168855 |
| immunohistochemical detection of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in granulomas in cattle with natural mycobacterium bovis infection. | cellular immune response was evaluated in lymph nodes and lung with different granulomatous lesions from cattle naturally infected with mycobacterium bovis. for this purpose, we assessed pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines by immunohistochemical assays. immunoreaction was observed for all the cytokines analyzed. fourteen animals displayed advanced stage iv granulomas, with intense immunoreactivity to ifn-γ and tgf-β in areas of caseous necrosis, macrophages and lymphocytes. seven an ... | 2017 | 28159234 |
| transmission dynamics and elimination potential of zoonotic tuberculosis in morocco. | bovine tuberculosis (btb) is an endemic zoonosis in morocco caused by mycobacterium bovis, which infects many domestic animals and is transmitted to humans through consumption of raw milk or from contact with infected animals. the prevalence of btb in moroccan cattle is estimated at 18%, and 33% at the individual and the herd level respectively, but the human m. bovis burden needs further clarification. the current control strategy based on test and slaughter should be improved through local con ... | 2017 | 28152056 |
| comparative proteomics analysis of human macrophages infected with virulent mycobacterium bovis. | mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis), the most common pathogens of tuberculosis (tb), is virulent to human and cattle, and transmission between cattle and humans warrants reconsideration concerning food safety and public health. recently, efforts have begun to analyze cellular proteomic responses induced by mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tb). however, the underlying mechanisms by which virulent m. bovis affects human hosts are not fully understood. for the present study, we utilized a global and compa ... | 2017 | 28337427 |
| environmental reservoirs of pathogenic mycobacteria across the ethiopian biogeographical landscape. | the mycobacterium genus comprises over one-hundred-and-fifty recognised species, the majority of which reside in the environment and many of which can be pathogenic to mammals. some species of environmental mycobacteria may interfere with bcg vaccination efficacy and in tuberculin test interpretation. examining biogeographic trends in the distribution of members of the mycobacteria across a number of physicochemical and spatial gradients in soil and water environments across ethiopia using oligo ... | 2017 | 28333945 |
| an unexpected finding in a man with multiple pulmonary nodules, a pleural effusion and respiratory failure. | we report the case of a 47-year old caucasian man with a history of depression and high alcohol intake who presented with a one-month history of weight loss, dry cough and abdominal pain. he had no smoking history of note. the patient was treated for a suspected chest infection, however developed respiratory failure and was intubated. a ct showed multiple pulmonary nodules, left pleural thickening extending to the mediastinum and bilateral pleural effusions-larger on the left, suggestive of diss ... | 2017 | 28331796 |
| tuberculin skin testing boosts interferon-gamma responses to diva reagents in mycobacterium bovis-infected cattle. | bcg vaccination sensitises cattle to bovine tuberculin which compromises the use of the current bovine tb surveillance tests. although the performance of a blood test (that utilises antigens expressed by mycobacterium bovis but not by bcg) capable of discriminating infected from vaccinated animals (diva interferon-gamma test, dit) has been evaluated in naturally infected tb field reactors, there is a need to perform similar analysis in a bcg vaccinated/m. bovis infected population. furthermore, ... | 2017 | 28331078 |
| detection of a putative tetr-like gene related to mycobacterium bovis bcg growth in cholesterol using a gfp-transposon mutagenesis system. | in vitro transposition is a powerful genetic tool for identifying mycobacterial virulence genes and studying virulence factors in relation to the host. transposon shuttle mutagenesis is a method for constructing stable insertions in the genome of different microorganisms including mycobacteria. using an is1096 derivative, we have constructed the tngfp, a transposon containing a promoterless green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene. this transposon was able to transpose randomly in mycobacterium bovi ... | 2017 | 28321208 |
| mycobacterial caseinolytic protease gene regulator clgr is a substrate of caseinolytic protease. | the mycobacterial caseinolytic protease clpp1p2 is a degradative protease that recently gained interest as a genetically and pharmacologically validated drug target for tuberculosis. the first whole-cell active clpp1p2 inhibitor, the human proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, is currently undergoing lead optimization to introduce selectivity for the bacterial target. how inhibition of clpp1p2 translates into whole-cell antimicrobial activity is little understood. previous work has shown that the cas ... | 2017 | 28317028 |
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant bacille calmette-guerin strains expressing mycobacterium antigens ag85a, cfp10, esat-6, gm-csf and il-12p70. | this study aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of recombinant bacille calmette-guerin (rbcg) strains expressing ag85a (a), cfp10 (c), esat6 (e), il-12p70 (i), and fusion protein gm-csf (g). | 2017 | 28301284 |
| recombinant bcg expressing esx-1 of mycobacterium marinum combines low virulence with cytosolic immune signaling and improved tb protection. | recent insights into the mechanisms by which mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiologic agent of human tuberculosis, is recognized by cytosolic nucleotide sensors have opened new avenues for rational vaccine design. the only licensed anti-tuberculosis vaccine, mycobacterium bovis bcg, provides limited protection. a feature of bcg is the partial deletion of the esx-1 type vii secretion system, which governs phagosomal rupture and cytosolic pattern recognition, key intracellular phenotypes linked t ... | 2017 | 28297677 |
| effect of mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) infection on the diagnostic accuracy for mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis) infection under field conditions in cattle belonging to low m. bovis prevalence herds. | currently, the chilean authority has implemented a national eradication program for bovine tuberculosis (btb), aimed at controlling and eradicating the disease in chile. the area under study has a low within-herd prevalence, has a relatively low number of infected herds, and is one of the major milk and beef producing areas in the country. however, so far, no attempts at eradicating the disease have been successful. it has been suggested that the diagnostic tests used were either not sensitive o ... | 2017 | 28281163 |
| sensitive and specific detection of viable mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in raw milk by the peptide-mediated magnetic separation-phage assay. | to validate an optimized peptide-mediated magnetic separation (pms)-phage assay for detection of viable mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) in milk. | 2017 | 28235155 |
| molecular detection of m. tuberculosis and m. bovis and hematological and biochemical analyses in agricultural sprayers exposed to pesticides: a cross-sectional study in punjab, pakistan during 2014-2016. | we determined the correlation between a pesticide exposure, physical health and susceptibility toward tuberculosis along with hematological indices and liver enzymes' alterations in sprayers exposed to pesticides. molecular detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis was detected by targeting histone-like protein (hupb) gene. the wbc (white blood cells) and rbc (red blood cells) levels of male sprayers and non-sprayers were significantly different (p<0.05). in female spray wo ... | 2017 | 28145400 |
| a novel benzothiazinethione analogue sklb-tb1001 displays potent antimycobacterial activities in a series of murine models. | new chemotherapeutic compounds and regimens are needed to combat multidrug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis. here, we used a series of murine models to assess an antitubercular lead compound sklb-tb1001. in the mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin and the acute m. tuberculosis h37rv infection mouse models, sklb-tb1001 significantly attenuated the mycobacterial load in lungs and spleens. the colony forming unit counts and histological examination of lungs from h37rv infected mice reve ... | 2017 | 28142116 |
| ruptured aortic aneurysm due to mycobacterium bovis bcg with a delayed bacteriological diagnosis due to false negative result of the mpb 64 immunochromatographic assay. | adjuvant therapy with bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg), a live attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis, has become the treatment of choice for low-risk superficial bladder carcinoma following transurethral resection of the bladder. complications following vesical bcg instillations are uncommon but, in some cases, severe side-effects can occur such as sepsis or mycotic aneurysm. besides usual laboratory techniques used for the diagnosis of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc) infections (smea ... | 2017 | 28126017 |
| oral vaccination of free-living badgers (meles meles) with bacille calmette guérin (bcg) vaccine confers protection against tuberculosis. | a field trial was conducted to investigate the impact of oral vaccination of free-living badgers against natural-transmitted mycobacterium bovis infection. for a period of three years badgers were captured over seven sweeps in three zones and assigned for oral vaccination with a lipid-encapsulated bcg vaccine (liporale-bcg) or with placebo. badgers enrolled in zone a were administered placebo while all badgers enrolled in zone c were vaccinated with bcg. badgers enrolled in the middle area, zone ... | 2017 | 28121981 |
| quinolidene based monocarbonyl curcumin analogues as promising antimycobacterial agents: synthesis and molecular docking study. | a series of quinoline incorporated monocarbonyl curcumin analogues was efficiently synthesized using [hdbu][hso4] as catalyst via knoevenagel type condensation and evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37ra (mtb) and mycobacterium bovis bcg in dormant state. the analogues 3e, 3h, 4a and 4e exhibited very good antitubercular activity. the antiproliferative activity of the analogues against mcf-7, a549 and hct-116 cell lines was evaluated using mo ... | 2017 | 28110868 |
| disease transmission in animal transfer networks. | infectious diseases transmission is strongly determined by who contacts whom. bovine tuberculosis (btb) caused by mycobacterium bovis is a worldwide burden for animal populations. one of the major transmission mechanism between herd is the transfer of infectious animal. in east africa, pastoralists may receive or bestow livestock to create and strengthen social relationships. here, we used a network approach to examine the relative importance of such cattle transfer in the transmission of btb. f ... | 2017 | 28107879 |
| m2-polarized macrophages compose lupus vulgaris arising from a bacillus calmette-guérin vaccination site. | since bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) is an attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis, lupus vulgaris (lv) is reported as one of the rare complications after bcg vaccination, correlating with immunosuppression in the lesional skin. in this report, we describe a case of lv arising from the bcg vaccination site 22 years after vaccination. interestingly, in the present case, granuloma cells were composed of m2-polarized macrophages. our case might explain the contribution of m2-polarized macrophages ... | 2017 | 28101015 |
| control of bovine tuberculosis in a farmed red deer herd in england. | this report describes how mycobacterium bovis infection was controlled and eventually eradicated in a farmed red deer herd in the north of england, following sustained tuberculin skin testing supplemented with serological (antibody) tests over a period of approximately two years. by taking advantage of the anamnestic antibody response produced by the skin test to detect skin test-negative, antibody-positive infected individuals, a total of 35 additional animals were identified, including 2 with ... | 2017 | 28100768 |
| esx-1 and phthiocerol dimycocerosates of mycobacterium tuberculosis act in concert to cause phagosomal rupture and host cell apoptosis. | although phthiocerol dimycocerosates (dim) are major virulence factors of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb), the causative agent of human tuberculosis, little is known about their mechanism of action. localized in the outer membrane of mycobacterial pathogens, dim are predicted to interact with host cell membranes. interaction with eukaryotic membranes is a property shared with another virulence factor of mtb, the early secretory antigenic target esxa (also known as esat-6). this small protein, w ... | 2017 | 28095608 |
| ocular mycobacteriosis-dual infection of m. tuberculosis complex with m. fortuitum and m. bovis. | we report unfavorable outcome in a patient with subretinal granuloma caused by dual infection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex with mycobacterium fortuitum and mycobacterium bovis in an immunosuppressed, non-hiv patient. we did a systematic review of literature on dual infection due to m. tuberculosis and m. fortuitum via medline and pubmed and could not find any case reported of causing this kind of dual infection in the eye. | 2017 | 28091937 |
| evaluation of five serologic assays for bovine tuberculosis surveillance in domestic free-range pigs from southern spain. | in countries where bovine tuberculosis (btb) is still prevalent the contact among different animal species in extensive systems contributes to the circulation of mycobacterium bovis (m. bovis) and other members of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtc). thus, free-range pigs can develop subclinical infections and may contribute to disease spread to bovine and wildlife. serodiagnosis has been proposed as a screening tool for detecting infected pig herds; however, the value of this method to ... | 2017 | 28089289 |
| using data from macaques to predict gamma interferon responses after mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination in humans: a proof-of-concept study of immunostimulation/immunodynamic modeling methods. | macaques play a central role in the development of human tuberculosis (tb) vaccines. immune and challenge responses differ across macaque and human subpopulations. we used novel immunostimulation/immunodynamic modeling methods in a proof-of-concept study to determine which macaque subpopulations best predicted immune responses in different human subpopulations. data on gamma interferon (ifn-γ)-secreting cd4(+) t cells over time after recent mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination were available for ... | 2017 | 28077441 |
| testing of a palatable bait and compatible vaccine carrier for the oral vaccination of european badgers (meles meles) against tuberculosis. | the oral vaccination of wild badgers (meles meles) with live bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) is one of the tools being considered for the control of bovine tuberculosis (caused by mycobacterium bovis) in the uk. the design of a product for oral vaccination requires that numerous, and often competing, conditions are met. these include the need for a highly palatable, but physically stable bait that will meet regulatory requirements, and one which is also compatible with the vaccine formulation; in ... | 2017 | 28077246 |
| tuberculosis detection in paratuberculosis vaccinated calves: new alternatives against interference. | paratuberculosis vaccination in cattle has been restricted due to its possible interference with the official diagnostic methods used in tuberculosis eradication programs. to overcome this drawback, new possibilities to detect mycobacterium bovis infected cattle in paratuberculosis vaccinated animals were studied under experimental conditions. three groups of 5 calves each were included in the experiment: one paratuberculosis vaccinated group, one paratuberculosis vaccinated and m. bovis infecte ... | 2017 | 28072845 |
| preliminary investigation of the transmission of tuberculosis between farmers and their cattle in smallholder farms in northwestern ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. | the feeding habits and close physical contact between ethiopian farmers and their cattle promote the transmission of tuberculosis (tb) between the farmers and their cattle. this study aimed to investigate the transmission of tb between farmers and their cattle in smallholder farms in northwestern ethiopia. | 2017 | 28061860 |
| mycobacterium bovis requires p27 (lprg) to arrest phagosome maturation and replicate within bovine macrophages. | mycobacterium bovis causes tuberculosis in a wide variety of mammals, with strong tropism for cattle and eventually humans. p27, also called lprg, is among the proteins involved in the mechanisms of the virulence and persistence of m. bovis and mycobacterium tuberculosis here, we describe a novel function of p27 in the interaction of m. bovis with its natural host cell, the bovine macrophage. we found that a deletion in the p27-p55 operon impairs the replication of m. bovis in bovine macrophages ... | 2017 | 28031264 |
| survivability of mycobacterium bovis on salt and salt-mineral blocks fed to cattle. | objective to determine the survivability of mycobacterium bovis on salt and salt-mineral blocks in typical weather conditions in michigan over two 12-day periods at the height of summer and winter. sample 4 salt (nacl) and 4 salt-mineral blocks inoculated with pure cultures of a strain of m bovis currently circulating in michigan livestock and wildlife. procedures in the summer and again in the winter, inoculated blocks were placed in secured outdoor facilities where equal numbers of each block ... | 2017 | 28029286 |
| safety and immunogenicity of the recombinant mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccine vpm1002 in hiv-unexposed newborn infants in south africa. | tuberculosis is a global threat to which infants are especially vulnerable. effective vaccines are required to protect infants from this devastating disease. vpm1002, a novel recombinant mycobacterium bovis bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) vaccine previously shown to be safe and immunogenic in adults, was evaluated for safety in its intended target population, namely, newborn infants in a region with high prevalence of tuberculosis. a total of 48 newborns were vaccinated intradermally with vpm1002 ... | 2017 | 27974398 |
| tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1, a novel biomarker of tuberculosis. | tuberculosis (tb) is an important infectious disease of humans and other animals. conventional diagnostic methods, including the tuberculin skin test, chest x‑rays and bacterial culture, have certain innate disadvantages for the early, rapid and specific diagnosis of tuberculosis. the present study aimed to identify a novel diagnostic biomarker to overcome these disadvantages. the potential target identified in the present study was tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (timp‑1), which has pr ... | 2017 | 27959391 |
| genetic evaluation for bovine tuberculosis resistance in dairy cattle. | genetic evaluations for resistance to bovine tuberculosis (btb) were calculated based on british national data including individual animal tuberculin skin test results, postmortem examination (presence of btb lesions and bacteriological culture for mycobacterium bovis), animal movement and location information, production history, and pedigree records. holstein cows with identified sires in herds with btb breakdowns (new herd incidents) occurring between the years 2000 and 2014 were considered. ... | 2017 | 27939547 |
| a slowly growing orange patch on the cheek: diagnosis of lupus vulgaris 20 years after onset of first skin changes. | tuberculosis is a worldwide occurring disease that affects approximately 20-40% of the world's population and in particular in developing countries. however, in times of migration, industrialised countries are again being more and more affected. cutaneous tuberculosis is rare and lupus vulgaris represents its most common form. preferentially, young adults in developing or low-income countries are affected from cutaneous tuberculosis, which usually occurs in previously sensitized persons with a h ... | 2017 | 27888486 |
| diagnosis and implications of mycobacterium bovis infection in banded mongooses (mungos mungo) in the kruger national park, south africa. | bovine tuberculosis (btb) was first diagnosed in the kruger national park (knp) in 1990. research has since focused on the maintenance host, the african buffalo ( syncerus caffer ) and clinically affected lion ( panthera leo ). however, little is known about the role of small predators in tuberculosis epidemiology. during 2011-12, we screened banded mongooses ( mungos mungo ) in the btb high-prevalence zone of the knp for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex members. fecal swabs, tracheal swabs, a ... | 2017 | 27788055 |
| long-chain fatty acyl coenzyme a ligase fadd2 mediates intrinsic pyrazinamide resistance in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | pyrazinamide (pza) is a first-line tuberculosis (tb) drug that has been in clinical use for 60 years yet still has an unresolved mechanism of action. based upon the observation that the minimum concentration of pza required to inhibit the growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis is approximately 1,000-fold higher than that of other first-line drugs, we hypothesized that m. tuberculosis expresses factors that mediate intrinsic resistance to pza. to identify genes associated with intrinsic pza resista ... | 2017 | 27855077 |
| comparative study of mycobacterium bovis primary isolation methods. | for the definitive diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis, isolation of the etiologic agent is required. however, there is no consensus on the best methodology for isolation of mycobacterium bovis in brazil. this study evaluated the most used decontaminants and culture media in the country, in order to identify the best combination for the brazilian samples. three decontaminants - 2% sodium hydroxide (w/v), 0.75% hexadecylpiridinium chloride (w/v) and 5% sulphuric acid (v/v) and four culture media - 7 ... | 2017 | 27818094 |
| isolation of mycobacterium bovis from free-ranging wildlife in south korea. | we demonstrate mycobacterium bovis infection in wild boar ( sus scrofa ) in south korea. during 2012-15, we attempted to isolate m. bovis from 847 wild animals, mainly korean water deer ( hydropotes inermis argyropus), raccoon dogs ( nyctereutes procyonoides ), and wild boar, from 11 regions in south korea. we isolated m. bovis from three of 118 wild boar (2.5%) captured in gyeonggi province, where bovine tuberculosis (btb) outbreaks have also occurred in livestock. spoligotypes and mycobacteria ... | 2017 | 27809648 |
| limited antibody evidence of exposure to mycobacterium bovis in feral swine (sus scrofa) in the usa. | bovine tuberculosis is a chronic disease of cattle ( bos taurus ) caused by the bacterium mycobacterium bovis . efforts have been made in the us to eradicate the disease in cattle, but spillover into wildlife and subsequent spillback have impeded progress in some states. in particular, infection in white-tailed deer ( odocoileus virginianus ) has been followed by infection in cattle in some midwestern states. infection has also been documented in feral swine ( sus scrofa ) on the hawaiian island ... | 2017 | 27809647 |
| infection by mycobacterium bovis in a dog from brazil. | tuberculosis (tb) is a chronic disease caused by bacteria belonging to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (mtbc). this disease rarely affects dogs. canine infections are usually caused by m. tuberculosis. mycobacterium bovis infections are rare in dogs and associated with consumption of raw milk or contaminated products. here, we report a boxer dog who had a m. bovis infection and was admitted to a brazilian veterinary hospital with a presumptive diagnosis of chronic ehrlichiosis. despite re ... | 2017 | 27914739 |
| arteriocutaneous fistula associated with bilateral femoral pseudoaneurysms caused by bacillus calmette-guérin. apropos of a case and review of literature. | vascular complications of intravesical instillation of bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) are rare. bcg is an attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis that was initially developed for vaccination against tuberculosis, but it has also been used as an adjuvant treatment for bladder transitional carcinoma. we report a patient with a history of instillation of bcg 2 years before, who underwent surgical treatment of 2 pseudoaneurysms. the first, located in the left superficial femoral artery (sfa), was r ... | 2017 | 27903467 |
| improving qpcr methodology for detection of foaming bacteria by analysis of broad-spectrum primers and a highly specific probe for quantification of nocardia spp. in activated sludge. | to develop qpcr broad-spectrum primers combined with a nocardia genus-specific probe for the identification of a broad spectrum of nocardia spp. and to analyse the effects of using this developed primer and probe set on the ability to quantify nocardia spp. in mixed dna. | 2017 | 27699950 |
| zoonotic tuberculosis in human beings caused by mycobacterium bovis-a call for action. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is recognised as the primary cause of human tuberculosis worldwide. however, substantial evidence suggests that the burden of mycobacterium bovis, the cause of bovine tuberculosis, might be underestimated in human beings as the cause of zoonotic tuberculosis. in 2013, results from a systematic review and meta-analysis of global zoonotic tuberculosis showed that the same challenges and concerns expressed 15 years ago remain valid. these challenges faced by people with z ... | 2017 | 27697390 |
| quinolidene-rhodanine conjugates: facile synthesis and biological evaluation. | a series of rhodanine incorporated quinoline derivatives were efficiently synthesized using reusable dbu acetate as ionic liquid and evaluated for their in vitro antitubercular activity against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37ra (mtb) (atcc 25177) and mycobacterium bovis bcg (atcc 35743) both in active and dormant state. compounds 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h and 3i exhibited very good antitubercular activity. the active compounds were studied for cytotoxicity against huvec, thp-1, macrophages, a549, panc-1 and ... | 2017 | 27688192 |
| disseminated mycotic aneurysms following intravesical bacillus calmette-guérin therapy for bladder cancer: case discussion and systematic treatment algorithm. | numerous case reports have highlighted the relationship between bacillus calmette-guérin (bcg) therapy and development of systemic mycotic aneurysms but none have established a management algorithm in patients with suspected vascular dissemination of mycobacterium bovis. delay in diagnosis of this disease process will lead to delays in initiation of antimycobacterium treatment to prevent dissemination into other arterial beds and potentially complicate effective surgical treatment leading to ane ... | 2017 | 27531091 |
| subacute interstitial pneumonitis due to mycobacterium bovis after intravesical bacillus calmette-guérin instillation in a renal transplant patient. | 2017 | 27445097 | |
| [interlaboratory test: isolation of mycobacterium bovis from granulomatous lesions in bovine]. | mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis. the diagnostic laboratory confirmation is made through bacterial isolation. the aim of interlaboratory tests is to assess the performance of each participant in comparison with other of similar capacities. the test objective was to determine the efficiency of isolation of m. bovis. four laboratories were part of the test and processed 25 blind tissue samples from granulomatous lesions and with previous m. bovis isolation. the lab ... | 2017 | 27237425 |
| development of one-tube multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for detecting mycobacterium bovis. | a multiplex pcr (m-pcr) with primers targeting the 16s rrna, rv3873 and a 12.7-kb fragment in the genomes of a mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was designed for the differential diagnosis of m. tuberculosis, m. bovis, m. bovis bcg and non-tuberculosis mycobacterium (ntm). the specificity of this assay was 100%, and the detection limit was 15 pg of genomic dna. of the 206 blinded clinical samples, the detection rate of m. bovis infection by m-pcr was lower than that of the interferon gamma (ifn ... | 2017 | 27534910 |
| lymphadenitis caused by infection with an isoniazid- and rifampin-resistant strain of mycobacterium bovis bcg in an infant with ifn-γ/il-12 pathway defect. | we report a rare case in a female infant (age, 3.5 months) with primary immunodeficiency (ifn-γ/il-12 pathway defect) who presented with suppurative lymphadenitis after mycobacterium bovis bcg vaccination. the strain of m. bovis bcg identified was found to be resistant to isoniazid and rifampin. the patient was treated with a special pharmacological regimen involving isoniazid (in a limited, strategic manner), ethambutol, streptomycin, and ifn-γ, after which there was complete resolution of the ... | 2017 | 24831405 |
| mycobacterium bovis hosted by free-living-amoebae permits their long-term persistence survival outside of host mammalian cells and remain capable of transmitting disease to mice. | bovine tuberculosis (tb) is a zoonotic disease caused by mycobacterium bovis. despite intensive tb control campaigns, there are sporadic outbreaks of bovine tb in regions declared tb free. it is unclear how m. bovis is able to survive in the environment for long periods of time. we hypothesized that free-living amoebae (fla), as ubiquitous inhabitants of soil and water, may act as long-term reservoirs of m. bovis in the environment. in our model, m. bovis would be taken up by amoebal trophozoite ... | 2017 | 28585299 |
| serology and protein electrophoresis for evidence of exposure to 12 mink pathogens in free-ranging american mink (neovison vison) in argentina. | basic pathologic characteristics for farmed minks were previously reported worldwide. however, its status in the wild has not been studied in detail. | 2017 | 28635524 |
| endogenous and exogenous kdpf peptide increases susceptibility of mycobacterium bovis bcg to nitrosative stress and reduces intramacrophage replication. | emerging antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria like mycobacterium sp., poses a threat to human health and therefore calls for the development of novel antibacterial strategies. we have recently discovered that bacterial membrane peptides, such as kdpf, possess anti-virulence properties when overproduced in pathogenic bacterial species. overproduction of the kdpf peptide in mycobacterium bovis bcg decreased bacterial replication within macrophages, without presenting antibacterial activity ... | 2017 | 28428950 |
| an integrated study of human and animal infectious disease in the lake victoria crescent small-holder crop-livestock production system, kenya. | the neglected zoonotic diseases (nzd) are an understudied group that are a major cause of illness throughout the developing world. in general, little is known about the prevalence and burden of nzds in affected communities, particularly in relation to other infectious diseases with which they are often co-endemic. we describe the design and descriptive epidemiological outputs from an integrated study of human and animal zoonotic and non-zoonotic disease in a rural farming community in western ke ... | 2017 | 28666412 |
| immunological properties and protective efficacy of a single mycobacterial antigen displayed on polyhydroxybutyrate beads. | in 2015, there were an estimated 10.4 million new tuberculosis (tb) cases and 1.4 million deaths worldwide. bacille calmette-guérin (bcg), an attenuated strain of mycobacterium bovis, is the vaccine available against tb, but it is insufficient for global tb control. this study evaluated the immunogenicity of the mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen rv1626 in mice while assessing the effect of co-delivering either cpe30 (immunostimulatory peptide), cs.t3378-395 (promiscuous t helper epitope) or fla ... | 2017 | 28714174 |
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a fusion protein tuberculosis vaccine combining five esx family proteins. | one strategy to develop the next generation of tuberculosis vaccines is to construct subunit vaccines based on t cell antigens. in this study, we have evaluated the vaccine potential of a fusion protein combining esxb, esxd, esxg, esxu, and esxm of mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tb). this recombinant protein, named bm, was expressed in and purified from escherichia coli. immunization of c57bl/6 mice with purified bm protein formulated in freund's incomplete adjuvant induced the production of th1 ... | 2017 | 28620588 |
| preclinical development of bcg.hiva(2auxo.int), harboring an integrative expression vector, for a hiv-tb pediatric vaccine. enhancement of stability and specific hiv-1 t-cell immunity. | one of the critical issues that should be addressed in the development of a bcg-based hiv vaccine is genetic plasmid stability. therefore, to address this issue we have considered using integrative vectors and the auxotrophic mutant of bcg complemented with a plasmid carrying a wild-type complementing gene. in this study, we have constructed an integrative e. coli-mycobacterial shuttle plasmid, p2auxo.hiva(int), expressing the hiv-1 clade a immunogen hiva. this shuttle vector uses an antibiotic ... | 2017 | 28426273 |
| the immunoregulatory effects of co-infection with fasciola hepatica: from bovine tuberculosis to johne's disease. | fasciola hepatica (liver fluke) is a parasite prevalent in much of the world that causes the economically-important disease of fasciolosis in livestock. the threat that this disease poses extends beyond its direct effects due to the parasite's immunomodulatory effects. research at this laboratory is focusing on whether this immunoregulation can, in animals infected with liver fluke, exert a bystander effect on concurrent infections in the host. it has already been established that f. hepatica in ... | 2017 | 28410676 |
| dendritic cells maturated by co-culturing with hiv-1 latently infected jurkat t cells or stimulating with aids-associated pathogens secrete tnf-alpha to reactivate hiv-1 from latency. | elucidation of mechanisms underlying the establishment, maintenance of and reactivation from hiv-1 latency is essential for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at eliminating hiv-1 reservoirs. microbial translocation, as a consequence of hiv-1-induced deterioration of host immune system, is known to result in a systemic immune activation and transient outbursts of hiv-1 viremia in chronic hiv-1 infection. how these microbes cause the robust hiv-1 reactivation remains elusive. dendrit ... | 2017 | 28762863 |
| distribution of non-tuberculosis mycobacteria strains from suspected tuberculosis patients by heat shock protein 65 pcr-rflp. | the genus mycobacterium contains more than 150 species. non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (ntm) often cause extrapulmonary and pulmonary disease. mycobacteria detection at species level is necessary and provides useful information on epidemiology and facilitates successful treatment of patients. this retrospective study aimed to determine the incidence of the ntm isolates and mycobacterium tuberculosis (mtb) in clinical specimens collected from iranian patients during february 2011-december 2013, by ... | 2017 | 28855835 |
| altered humoral immunity to mycobacterial antigens in japanese patients affected by inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. | mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (map) and mycobacterium bovis (bcg) have been associated to several human autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (ms), but there are conflicting evidence on the issue. the objective of this study is to evaluate their role in japanese patients affected by inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (idds). a total of 97 idds subjects including 51 ms and 46 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (nmosd) patients, and 34 hea ... | 2017 | 28600575 |
| conflicting role of mycobacterium species in multiple sclerosis. | mycobacterium is a genus of aerobic and acid-fast bacteria, which include several pathogenic organisms that cause serious diseases in mammals. previous studies have associated the immune response against mycobacteria with multiple sclerosis (ms), a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with unknown etiology. the role of mycobacteria in the pathological process has been controversial and often conflicting. we provide a detailed review of the mycobacteria that have been linke ... | 2017 | 28579973 |
| chemical shift assignments of mb1858 (24-155), a fha domain-containing protein from mycobacterium bovis. | the forkhead-associated (fha) domain is known as a phosphopeptide recognition domain embedded in regulatory proteins from both eukaryotes and bacteria with various biological functions. in this study, the gene encoding a predicted fha domain from mb1858 (residues v24-d155 from the 162 amino acid protein mb1858) in mycobacterium bovis was cloned, and u-(13)c/(15)n-labeled protein was prepared for backbone and side chain resonance assignments by nmr spectroscopy. these assignments are preliminary ... | 2017 | 28856609 |
| the new xpert mtb/rif ultra: improving detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis and resistance to rifampin in an assay suitable for point-of-care testing. | the xpert mtb/rif assay (xpert) is a rapid test for tuberculosis (tb) and rifampin resistance (rif-r) suitable for point-of-care testing. however, it has decreased sensitivity in smear-negative sputum, and false identification of rif-r occasionally occurs. we developed the xpert mtb/rif ultra assay (ultra) to improve performance. ultra and xpert limits of detection (lod), dynamic ranges, and rif-r rpob mutation detection were tested on mycobacterium tuberculosis dna or sputum samples spiked with ... | 2017 | 28851844 |