Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted descending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in a hospitalized adult with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) mimicking influenza a and pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci pneumonia (pcp). | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important cause of lower respiratory tract infections in young children, the elderly, and immunocompromised hosts, but rsv is a rare cause of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in hospitalized adults with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). in patients with hiv, cap is most frequently attributable to the usual bacterial respiratory pathogens that cause cap in immunocompetent hosts, eg, streptococcuspneumoniae or hemophilus influenzae. adults with hiv are a ... | 2012 | 22005289 |
| Evaluation of the SD Bioline test, a new assay for detecting Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 antigen in urine. | 2012 | 22024377 | |
| Wild-type MIC distribution and epidemiological cut-off values in clinical Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates. | The purpose of this study was to establish wild-type (WT) distributions and determine the epidemiological cut-off values (ECOFF) in clinical L. pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates for 10 antimicrobials commonly used for the treatment of Legionella infections using a method feasible in a routine clinical laboratory. | 2012 | 22100012 |
| Caenorhabditis elegans as an Alternative Model to Study Senescence of Host Defense and the Prevention by Immunonutrition. | Whether nutritional control can retard senescence of immune function and decrease mortality from infectious diseases has not yet been established; the difficulty of establishing a model has made this a challenging topic to investigate. Caenorhabditis elegans has been extensively used as an experimental system for biological studies. Particularly for aging studies, the worm has the advantage of a short and reproducible life span. The organism has also been recognized as an alternative to mammalia ... | 2012 | 22127882 |
| legionella secreted effectors and innate immune responses. | legionella pneumophila is a facultative intracellular pathogen capable of replicating in a wide spectrum of cells. successful infection by legionella requires the dot/icm type iv secretion system, which translocates a large number of effector proteins into infected cells. by co-opting numerous host cellular processes, these proteins function to establish a specialized organelle that allows bacterial survival and proliferation. even within the vacuole, l. pneumophila triggers robust immune respon ... | 2012 | 21985602 |
| live legionella pneumophila induces muc5ac production by airway epithelial cells independently of intracellular invasion. | the airway epithelium is the initial barrier against airborne pathogens, and it plays many roles in host airway defense. legionella pneumophila is an intracellular pathogen that causes rapidly advancing pneumonia and is sometimes life-threatening. here, we evaluated the role of the airway epithelial cells in the defense against l. pneumophila by examining mucus production in vitro. the production of muc5ac, a major mucin protein, was not induced by formalin- or ultraviolet-killed l. pneumophil ... | 2012 | 22260247 |
| legionella pneumophila lida affects nucleotide binding and activity of the host gtpase rab1. | legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of a severe pneumonia known as legionnaires' disease, intercepts material from host cell membrane transport pathways to create a specialized vacuolar compartment that supports bacterial replication. delivery of bacterial effector proteins into the host cell requires the dot/icm type iv secretion system. several effectors, including sidm, sidd, and lepb, were shown to target the early secretory pathway by manipulating the activity of the host guanosine ... | 2012 | 22228731 |
| inhibition of bacterial carbonic anhydrases and zinc proteases: from orphantargets to innovative new antibiotic drugs. | zinc-containing enzymes, such as carbonic anhydrases (cas) and metalloproteases (mps) play critical functions in bacteria, being involved in various steps of their life cycle, which are important for survival, colonization, acquisition of nutrients for growth and proliferation, facilitation of dissemination, invasion and pathogenicity. the development of resistance to many classes of clinically used antibiotics emphasizes the need of new antibacterial drug targets to be explored. there is a weal ... | 2012 | 22214451 |
| innate immune pathways triggered by listeria monocytogenes and their role in the induction of cell-mediated immunity. | acquired cell-mediated immunity to listeria monocytogenes is induced by infection with live, replicating bacteria that grow in the host cell cytosol, whereas killed bacteria, or those trapped in a phagosome, fail to induce protective immunity. in this chapter, we focus on how l. monocytogenes is sensed by the innate immune system, with the presumption that innate immunity affects the development of acquired immunity. infection by l. monocytogenes induces three innate immune pathways: an myd88-de ... | 2012 | 22244582 |
| domain structure and denaturation of a dimeric mip-like peptidyl prolyl cis-trans isomerase from escherichia coli. | fkbp22, a protein expressed by escherichia coli, possesses ppiase (peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase) activity, binds fk506 (an immunosuppressive drug) and shares homology with legionella mip (a virulence factor) and the related proteins. to understand the domain structure and the folding / unfolding mechanism of mip-like proteins, a recombinant e. coli fkbp22 (his-fkbp22) was investigated here as a model protein. limited proteolysis indicated that his-fkbp22 harbors an n-terminal domain (ntd) ... | 2012 | 22263615 |
| legionella pneumophila secretes a mitochondrial carrier protein during infection. | the mitochondrial carrier family (mcf) is a signature group of integral membrane proteins that transport metabolites across the mitochondrial inner membrane in eukaryotes. mcf proteins are characterized by six transmembrane segments that assemble to form a highly-selective channel for metabolite transport. we discovered a novel mcf member, termed legionellanucleotide carrier protein (lncp), encoded in the genome of legionella pneumophila, the causative agent of legionnaire's disease. lncp was se ... | 2012 | 22241989 |
| an outbreak of legionnaires disease associated with a decorative water wall fountain in a hospital. | objective. to detect an outbreak-related source of legionella, control the outbreak, and prevent additional legionella infections from occurring. design and setting. epidemiologic investigation of an acute outbreak of hospital-associated legionnaires disease among outpatients and visitors to a wisconsin hospital. patients. patients with laboratory-confirmed legionnaires disease who resided in southeastern wisconsin and had illness onsets during february and march 2010. methods. patients with ... | 2012 | 22227989 |
| eight years of legionnaires' disease transmission in travellers to a condominium complex in las vegas, nevada. | summarytravel is a risk factor for legionnaires' disease. in 2008, two cases were reported in condominium guests where we investigated a 2001 outbreak. we reinvestigated to identify additional cases and determine whether ongoing transmission resulted from persistent colonization of potable water. exposures were assessed by matched case-control analyses (2001) and case-series interviews (2008). we sampled potable water and other water sources. isolates were compared using sequence-based typing. f ... | 2012 | 22214820 |
| legionella longbeachae and endocarditis. | we report a case of infectious endocarditis attributable to legionella longbeachae. l. longbeachae is usually associated with lung infections. it is commonly found in composted waste wood products. l. longbeachae should be regarded as an agent of infectious endocarditis, notably in the context of gardening involving handling of potting soils. | 2012 | 22261182 |
| legionella micdadei prosthetic valve endocarditis complicated by brain abscess: case report and review of the literature. | legionella endocarditis is extremely uncommon, and embolic phenomena have never been reported. we report the first case of legionella micdadei prosthetic valve endocarditis complicated by brain abscess. a 57-y-old immunocompromised woman with a history of mitral valve replacement developed confusion and left-sided weakness. brain magnetic resonance imaging showed a 3-cm peripheral-enhancing mass. transoesophageal echocardiography suggested a perivalvular abscess. blood cultures and valve culture ... | 2012 | 22235842 |
| [hygienic assessment of the characteristics of centralized hot water supply in case of moscow]. | the paper considers the characteristics of domestic hot water consumption by moscow dwellers. it gives the results of questionnaire surveys in 100 respondents aged 20-80 years about the modes and intensity of hot water use, by indicating the time and frequency of contact with hot water complaints about hot water supply. according to the authors'studies, the daily consumption of hot water per capita was 1.1-2 times greater than that of cold water; at the same time the total water use remained to ... | 2011 | 22250387 |
| co-existence of legionella and other gram-negative bacteria in potable water from various rural and urban sources. | 2011 | 22216808 | |
| aminoacyl-trna-charged eukaryotic elongation factor 1a is the bona fide substrate for legionella pneumophila effector glucosyltransferases. | legionella pneumophila, which is the causative organism of legionnaireś disease, translocates numerous effector proteins into the host cell cytosol by a type iv secretion system during infection. among the most potent effector proteins of legionella are glucosyltransferases (lgt's), which selectively modify eukaryotic elongation factor (eef) 1a at ser-53 in the gtp binding domain. glucosylation results in inhibition of protein synthesis. here we show that in vitro glucosylation of yeast and mous ... | 2011 | 22216304 |
| Making hospital water safe, examined. | What are the best methods for monitoring hospital water systems to prevent contamination by waterborne pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Legionella? How can hospital staff determine whether a Pseudomonas outbreak is due to cross-contamination between patients and staff, or to the contamination of a systemic water supply, and how can we best protect our most vulnerable patients from infection with the array of pathogenic organisms lurking in hospitals? As Susan Pearson reports, these w ... | 2011 | 22049621 |
| [Legionellosis in Poland in 2009]. | In 2009--10 cases of legionellosis were reported in Poland, the incidence rate was 0.026/100 000 (in 2008--15 cases, incidence rate 0.039). All cases were laboratory confirmed. Most of them were diagnosed with serological tests--determination with ELISA test the anti-legionella antibodies in IgM fraction of serum gamma globulins, as the most recent reaction for Legionella infection. Four cases were diagnosed by detection of legionella antigen in urine. In 2005-2009 27 cases were associated with ... | 2011 | 21913463 |
| Faster Legionella testing on horizon. | While the "traditional" way to measure Legionella quantitatively in water is based on a complex culture method where results can take up to 14 days, the last few years have seen the availability of very rapid real-time monitoring of the bacterium in water systems, with the development of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), a process which gives results "within hours". To date, however, a lack of consensus on how to interpret such results in relation to those from culture has been a st ... | 2011 | 21859065 |
| [A case of legionellesis pneumonia verified by isolation of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid treated with levofloxacine and tigecycline]. | A male patient received non-chemotherapeutic drugs which induced deep neutropenia complicated with sepsis, bilateral pneumonia, acute respiratory insufficiency. Artificial pulmonary ventilation was applied. The examination of bronchoalveolar lavage showed the presence of the culture L. pneumophila (serogroup 1) in a concentration 2 x 10(3) CFU/ml. Antibacterial therapy with levofloxacin in a dose 1000 mg/day was conducted. In a week not only L.pneumophila but also Acinetobacter baumanii was isol ... | 2011 | 21894754 |
| empyema caused by legionella pneumophila. | 2011 | 22153580 | |
| Respiratory failure presenting in H1N1 influenza with Legionnaires disease: two case reports. | ABSTRACT: | 2011 | 22018019 |
| [Revision of the drinking water regulations]. | The revision the Drinking Water Regulations will come into effect on 01.11.2011. Surveillance authorities and owners of drinking water supply systems had hoped for simplifications and reductions because of the new arrangements. According to the official statement for the revision the legislature intended to create more clarity, consider new scientific findings, to change regulations that have not been proved to close regulatory gaps, to deregulate and to increase the high quality standards. A de ... | 2011 | 22113379 |
| surveillance for waterborne disease outbreaks associated with drinking water---united states, 2007--2008. | since 1971, cdc, the environmental protection agency (epa), and the council of state and territorial epidemiologists have collaborated on the waterborne disease and outbreak surveillance system (wbdoss) for collecting and reporting data related to occurrences and causes of waterborne disease outbreaks associated with drinking water. this surveillance system is the primary source of data concerning the scope and health effects of waterborne disease outbreaks in the united states. | 2011 | 21937977 |
| opportunistic pathogens relative to physicochemical factors in water storage tanks. | household water in oman, as well as in other countries in the region, is stored in tanks placed on house roofs that can be subjected to physicochemical factors which can promote microbial growth, including pathogens and opportunistic pathogens which pose health risks. water samples were collected from 30 houses in a heavily populated suburb of muscat. the tanks used were either glass reinforced plastic (grp), polyethylene or galvanised iron (gi). heterotrophic bacteria, coliforms, faecal colifor ... | 2011 | 21942202 |
| Electrochemically amplified molecular beacon biosensor for ultrasensitive DNA sequence-specific detection of Legionella sp. | An electrochemically amplified molecular beacon (EAMB) biosensor is constructed using thiolated hairpin DNA-ferrocene probes on gold electrode. The switching from "on" to "off" states of individual probes in the presence of complementary DNA target influences the electrode potential, besides the current, owing to changes in surface density of the electroactive hairpin DNA-ferrocene probes. The EAMB biosensor demonstrates linear range over 8 orders of magnitude with ultrasensitive detection limit ... | 2011 | 22196877 |
| the overlapping host responses to bacterial cyclic dinucleotides. | macrophages respond to infection with legionella pneumophila by the induction of inflammatory mediators, including type i interferons (ifn-is). to explore whether the bacterial second messenger cyclic 3'-5' diguanylate (c-digmp) activates some of these mediators, macrophages were infected with l. pneumophila strains in which the levels of bacterial c-digmp had been altered. intriguingly, there was a positive correlation between c-digmp levels and ifn-i expression. subsequent studies with synthet ... | 2011 | 21933720 |
| Evaluation of empirical antibiotherapy for acute community-acquired pneumonia prescribed in emergency departments. | OBJECTIVE: The authors assessed the management of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and empirical antibiotic prescription in a primary care center. METHOD: A retrospective study was made on medical charts of patients admitted to the emergency department for CAP. RESULTS: Seventy-six patients were included. Their mean age was 65years for a sex ratio of 1.81. Fever (83%) and cough (72%) were the most common symptoms. Chest X-ray was abnormal in 86%. The median CRP value was 138mg/L (58-235). The ... | 2011 | 22154524 |
| Detection of Legionella by quantitative-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) for monitoring and risk assessment. | ABSTRACT: Background Culture and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays for the detection of Legionella were compared on samples from a residential area before and after two interventions. A total of 84 samples were collected from shower hoses and taps as first flush samples and at constant temperature. Samples were grouped according to the origin of the sample, a) circulation water b) water from empty apartments c) water from shower hoses. The aims were to investigate the usefulne ... | 2011 | 22103438 |
| Comparative and functional genomics of legionella identified eukaryotic like proteins as key players in host-pathogen interactions. | Although best known for its ability to cause severe pneumonia in people whose immune defenses are weakened, Legionella pneumophila and Legionella longbeachae are two species of a large genus of bacteria that are ubiquitous in nature, where they parasitize protozoa. Adaptation to the host environment and exploitation of host cell functions are critical for the success of these intracellular pathogens. The establishment and publication of the complete genome sequences of L. pneumophila and L. long ... | 2011 | 22059087 |
| Legionella pneumonia presenting with bilateral flank pain, hyponatraemia and acute renal failure. | Legionnaires' disease (LD) is an often overlooked but a possible cause of sporadic community acquired pneumonia. High fever, cough and gastrointestinal symptoms are non-specific symptoms. Hyponatremia is more common in LD than pneumonia linked with other causes. A definitive diagnosis is usually confirmed by culture, urinary antigen testing for Legionella species. Macolide or quinolone antibiotic is the treatment of choice. We describe a case of Legionella pneumonia presenting with high fever, b ... | 2011 | 22154178 |
| kinetic, mutagenic, and structural homology analysis of l-serine dehydratase from legionella pneumophila. | a structural database search has revealed that the same fold found in the allosteric substrate binding (asb) domain of mycobacterium tuberculosis d-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (pgdh) is found in l-serine dehydratase from legionella pneumophila. the m. tuberculosis pgdh asb domain functions in the control of catalytic activity. bacterial l-serine dehydratases are 4fe-4s proteins that convert l-serine to pyruvate and ammonia. sequence homology reveals two types depending on whether their α an ... | 2011 | 21878319 |
| [legionella contamination of hospital hot water supply systems in the light of research conducted in 2008-2010 as part of supervision by the country sanitary inspector in bydgoszcz]. | the aim of the study was to assess the level of legionella sp. contamination in the hot water supply systems at the premises of inpatient healthcare facilities. in the years 2008-2010 the state poviat sanitary inspector in bydgoszcz tested the hot water supply systems in 8 hospitals. a total of 88 samples of hot water were collected in the years 2008-2010. the analysis involved temperature measurements and microbiological testing of the hot water. contamination levels exceeding the applicable st ... | 2011 | 22184945 |
| protein lida from legionella is a rab gtpase supereffector. | the causative agent of legionnaires disease, legionella pneumophila, injects several hundred proteins into the cell it infects, many of which interfere with or exploit vesicular transport processes. one of these proteins, lida, has been described as a rab effector (i.e., a molecule that interacts preferentially with the gtp-bound form of rab). we describe here the structure and biochemistry of a complex between the rab-binding domain of lida and active rab8a. lida displays structural peculiariti ... | 2011 | 22011575 |
| comparison of potentially pathogenic free-living amoeba hosts by legionella spp. in substrate-associated biofilms and floating biofilms from spring environments. | this study compares five genera of free-living amoebae (fla) hosts by legionella spp. in the fixed and floating biofilm samples from spring environments. detection rate of legionella spp. was 26.9% for the floating biofilms and 3.1% for the fixed biofilms. acanthamoeba spp., hartmanella vermiformis, and naegleria spp. were more frequently detected in floating biofilm than in fixed biofilm samples. the percentage of pathogenic acanthamoeba spp. among all the genus acanthamoeba detected positive s ... | 2011 | 21831404 |
| legionella pneumophila sidd is a deampylase that modifies rab1. | legionella pneumophila actively modulates host vesicle trafficking pathways to facilitate its intracellular replication with effectors translocated by the dot/icm type iv secretion system (t4ss). the sidm/drra protein functions by locking the small gtpase rab1 into an active form by its guanine nucleotide exchange factor (gef) and ampylation activity. here we demonstrate that the l. pneumophila protein sidd preferably deampylates rab1. we found that the deampylation activity of sidd could suppre ... | 2011 | 21734656 |
| potential role of tigecycline in the treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. | tigecycline is a member of the glycylcycline class of antimicrobials, which is structurally similar to the tetracycline class. it demonstrates potent in vitro activity against causative pathogens that are most frequently isolated in patients with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (cabp), including (but not limited to) streptococcus pneumoniae (both penicillin-sensitive and -resistant strains), haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis (including +¦-lactamase-producing strains), klebs ... | 2011 | 21694911 |
| clinical and economic burden of community-acquired pneumonia amongst adults in the asia-pacific region. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity amongst adults in the asia-pacific region. literature published between 1990 and may 2010 on the clinical and economic burden of cap amongst adults in this region was reviewed. cap is a significant health burden with significant economic impact in this region. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and advanced age were risk factors for cap. aetiological agents included s ... | 2011 | 21683553 |
| molecular characterization of exploitation of the polyubiquitination and farnesylation machineries of dictyostelium discoideum by the ankb f-box effector of legionella pneumophila. | the dot/icm-translocated ankyrin b (ankb) f-box effector of legionella pneumophila is essential for intra-vacuolar proliferation and functions as a platform for the docking of polyubiquitinated proteins to the legionella-containing vacuole (lcv) within macrophages and ameba. here we show that ectopically expressed ankb in dictyostelium discoideum is targeted to the plasma membrane where it recruits polyubiquitinated proteins and it trans-rescues the intracellular growth defect of the ankb null m ... | 2011 | 21687415 |
| decreasing trend of legionella isolation in a long-term microbial monitoring program in greek hospitals. | legionnaires' disease is a known cause of severe pneumonia in a nosocomial setting. this study examined legionella isolation in greek hospitals. water samples and swabs of showerheads from 41 hospitals were collected over a four-year period (2004-2007) from hot and cold water systems and cooling towers in greece. in total, 1058 samples were examined for the presence of legionella. from the hot water samples examined, 166 out of 607 (27.3%) were positive for legionella, including 111 (18.3%) posi ... | 2011 | 22017573 |
| legionella pneumophila serogroup 3 pneumonia in a patient with low-grade 4 non-hodgkin lymphoma: a case report. | abstract: | 2011 | 21849075 |
| The NLRC4 inflammasome receptors for bacterial flagellin and type III secretion apparatus. | Inflammasomes are large cytoplasmic complexes that sense microbial infections/danger molecules and induce caspase-1 activation-dependent cytokine production and macrophage inflammatory death. The inflammasome assembled by the NOD-like receptor (NLR) protein NLRC4 responds to bacterial flagellin and a conserved type III secretion system (TTSS) rod component. How the NLRC4 inflammasome detects the two bacterial products and the molecular mechanism of NLRC4 inflammasome activation are not understoo ... | 2011 | 21918512 |
| Reprint of: Effective high-throughput overproduction of membrane proteins in Escherichia coli. | Structural biology is increasingly reliant on elevated throughput methods for protein production. In particular, development of efficient methods of heterologous production of membrane proteins is essential. Here, we describe the heterologous overproduction of 24 membrane proteins from the human pathogen Legionella pneumophila in Escherichia coli. Protein production was performed in 0.5ml cultures in standard 24-well plates, allowing increased throughput with minimal effort. The effect of the lo ... | 2011 | 21893197 |
| [Demographic characteristics of reported cases of legionellosis in years 2005-2009 in Poland in comparison to EWGLI data]. | In Poland, all forms of legionellosis are obligatory reported: Legionella pneumonia and extrapulmonary legionellosis (such as Pontiac fever). Total 210 cases caused by Legionella sp. were reported in years 2003-2010. In our study analysis of age, sex, place of residence of 163 patients with legionellosis reported in 2005-2009 were done. The majority (74.2%) cases were reported in Region Mazowieckie. Age and sex structure of patients in Poland in years 2005-2009 differ from the data of EWGLI. In ... | 2011 | 22184944 |
| [when to ask a microbiological diagnostic test in pneumonia and how to interpret the results]. | pneumonia is a leading cause of death in adults in the industrialised countries and in the rest of the world in infants. most of the time the pathogens stay unkown and the current recommendations for the treatment of pneumonia are mainly based on a severity score to adapt the treatement to the risk. nonethless new pathogens have recently been identified, coronavirus for srass, h5n1 for avian flu, n1n1 for pandemic flu, 35 years after the identification of legionella pneumophila. these exemples s ... | 2011 | 22135970 |
| the major facilitator superfamily-type protein lbtc promotes the utilization of the legiobactin siderophore by legionella pneumophila. | the gram-negative bacterium legionella pneumophila elaborates the siderophore legiobactin. we previously showed that cytoplasmic lbta helps mediate legiobactin synthesis, inner membrane lbtb promotes export of legiobactin, and outer membrane lbtu acts as the ferrisiderophore receptor. rt-pcr analyses now identified lbtc as an iron-repressed gene that is the final gene in an operon containing lbta and lbtb. in silico analysis predicted that lbtc is an inner membrane protein that belongs to the ... | 2011 | 22160401 |
| Legionella steelei sp. nov. isolated from human respiratory specimens in California and South Australia. | Legionella-like bacteria were isolated from the respiratory tract of two humans in California and South Australia, but not thought to cause disease. These bacteria, strains F2632 and IMVS-3376, were found to have identical Legionella macrophage infectivity potentiator (mip) sequences, and were therefore further characterized to determine their genetic and phenotypic relatedness and properties. Both of these Gram-negative bacterial strains grew on buffered charcoal yeast extract medium, were cyst ... | 2011 | 21948093 |
| Tsunami lung. | We encountered three cases of lung disorders caused by drowning in the recent large tsunami that struck following the Great East Japan Earthquake. All three were females, and two of them were old elderly. All segments of both lungs were involved in all the three patients, necessitating ICU admission and endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. All three died within 3 weeks. In at least two cases, misswallowing of oil was suspected from the features noted at the time of the detection. ... | 2011 | 22057370 |
| Legionella wadsworthii pneumonia: Gram stain usefulness. | 2011 | 22036520 | |
| insight into cross-talk between intra-amoebal pathogens. | amoebae are phagocytic protists where genetic exchanges might take place between amoeba-resistant bacteria. these amoebal pathogens are able to escape the phagocytic behaviour of their host. they belong to different bacterial phyla and often show a larger genome size than human-infecting pathogens. this characteristic is proposed to be the result of frequent gene exchanges with other bacteria that share a sympatric lifestyle and contrasts with the genome reduction observed among strict human pat ... | 2011 | 22047552 |
| Diary of the "mad" med-lab techs. | 2011 | 21936417 | |
| Passage through Tetrahymena tropicalis enhances the resistance to stress and the infectivity of Legionella pneumophila. | Legionella pneumophila is a gram-negative bacterium prevalent in fresh water which accidentally infects humans and is responsible for the disease called legionellosis. Intracellular growth of L. pneumophila in Tetrahymena is inconsistent; in the species Tetrahymena tropicalis stationary-phase forms (SPFs) of L. pneumophila differentiate into mature intracellular forms (MIFs) without apparent bacterial replication and are expelled from the ciliate as pellets containing numerous MIFS. In the prese ... | 2011 | 22092856 |
| [Distribution and diversity of Legionella spp. in Lake Taihu in the winter]. | The Legionella spp. are ubiquitous in aquatic environment and could cause certain risks on human health. In order to investigate the distribution and diversity of Legionella spp. in Lake Taihu during winter time, water samples were collected from 32 sites of the whole lake in February 2010. The presence of Legionella spp. was screened by nested-PCR and their phylogenetic diversity was determined by denaturing gradient gel electrophorese (DGGE) and sequencing analysis of excised DGGE bands. The L ... | 2011 | 21922841 |
| Identification of Anaplasma marginale Type IV Secretion System Effector Proteins. | Anaplasma marginale, an obligate intracellular alphaproteobacterium in the order Rickettsiales, is a tick-borne pathogen and the leading cause of anaplasmosis in cattle worldwide. Complete genome sequencing of A. marginale revealed that it has a type IV secretion system (T4SS). The T4SS is one of seven known types of secretion systems utilized by bacteria, with the type III and IV secretion systems particularly prevalent among pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. The T4SS is predicted to play an i ... | 2011 | 22140462 |
| population variation in naip functional copy number confers increased cell death upon legionella pneumophila infection. | the naip gene encodes an intracellular innate immunity receptor that senses flagellin. the genomic region containing naip presents a complex genomic organization and includes various naip paralogs. here, we assessed the degree of copy number variation of the complete naip gene (naipfull) in various human populations and studied the functional impact of such variation on host cell fate using legionella pneumophila as an infection model. we determined that african populations have a naipfull dupli ... | 2011 | 22067212 |
| [a case of legionnaires' pneumonia accompanied by clinically mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (mers) with transient altered mental status and cerebellar symptoms, which responded to treatment by antibiotics and corticosteroid]. | a 60-year-old man was admitted because of fever, headache, and difficulty in walking. respiratory symptoms included only mild cough, but crackles were present on auscultation at the right lung base, the chest roentgenogram and computed tomography scans showed consolidation in the right lower lobe. laboratory findings revealed hyponatremia, elevated liver function test values and creatine phosphokinase, and legionella pneumophila antigen in urine. neurological examination revealed mild mental sta ... | 2011 | 22073610 |
| The rhizome of life: the sympatric Rickettsia felis paradigm demonstrates the random transfer of DNA sequences. | The intracellular flea symbiont, Rickettsia felis, may meet other organisms intracellularly such as R. typhi. We used a single-gene phylogenetic approach of the 1375 R. felis genes to look for horizontal transfers that occurred as a result of the bacterial promiscuity with other organisms. Our results showed that besides genes that are linked to the Spotted Fever Group, 165 genes have a different history and are linked to other Rickettsia such as R. bellii (107 genes), R. typhi (15 genes), or to ... | 2011 | 22024628 |
| Legionella pneumophila regulates the small GTPase Rab1 activity by reversible phosphorylcholination. | Effectors delivered into host cells by the Legionella pneumophila Dot/Icm type IV transporter are essential for the biogenesis of the specialized vacuole that permits its intracellular growth. The biochemical function of most of these effectors is unknown, making it difficult to assign their roles in the establishment of successful infection. We found that several yeast genes involved in membrane trafficking, including the small GTPase Ypt1, strongly suppress the cytotoxicity of Lpg0695(AnkX), a ... | 2011 | 22158903 |
| Two signal models in innate immunity. | Two-signal models have a rich history in immunology. In the classic two-signal model of T-cell activation, signal one consists of engagement of the T-cell receptor by antigen/major histocompatibility complex, whereas signal two arises from costimulatory ligands on antigen-presenting cells. A requirement for two independent signals helps to ensure that T-cell responses are initiated only in response to bona fide infectious threats. Our studies have led us to conclude that initiation of innate imm ... | 2011 | 21884165 |
| multifaceted effects of synthetic tlr2 ligand and legionella pneumophilia on treg-mediated suppression of t cell activation. | regulatory t cells (treg) play a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis and self-tolerance. the immune suppressive effects of tregs should however be limited in case effective immunity is required against pathogens or cancer cells. we previously found that the toll-like receptor 2 (tlr2) agonist, pam3cyssk4, directly stimulated tregs to expand and temporarily abrogate their suppressive capabilities. in this study, we evaluate the effect of pam3cyssk4 and legionella pneumophila, a natural ... | 2011 | 21435210 |
| a rapid detection method using flow cytometry to monitor the risk of legionella in bath water. | legionella species are the causative agents of human legionellosis, and bathing facilities have been identified as the sources of infection in several outbreaks in japan. researchers in japan have recently reported evidence of significant associations between bacterial counts and the occurrence of legionella in bathing facilities and in a hot tub model. a convenient and quantitative bacterial enumeration method is therefore required as an indicator of legionella contamination or disinfection to ... | 2011 | 21443913 |
| [molecular typing of legionella pneumophila isolates from china with pulsed field gel electrophoresis.] | objective: to analyze the molecular types of legionella (l.) pneumophila strains isolated in china, and to develop the pulsenet-china database of l. pneumophila. methods: pulsed field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was used to analyze 262 l. pneumophila strains collected from 11 provinces between 2004 and 2009 in china. different kinds of genomic dna in different l. pneumophila strains were isolated and separated after digesting with asc i. bionumerics software was used to analysis the pfge fingerpr ... | 2011 | 21457667 |
| diagnostic tests for agents of community-acquired pneumonia. | lower respiratory infections are the major cause of death due to infectious disease in the united states and worldwide. most forms of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) are treatable, and there is consensus that the selection of antimicrobial agents is notably simplified if the pathogen is defined. the rich history of cap studies in the prepenicillin era showed that an etiologic diagnosis was established in >90% of cases, but the 2009 data from medicare indicate that a probable pathogen is now d ... | 2011 | 21460288 |
| controlling legionella in hospital drinking water: an evidence-based review of disinfection methods. | hospital-acquired legionnaires' disease is directly linked to the presence of legionella in hospital drinking water. disinfecting the drinking water system is an effective preventive measure. the efficacy of any disinfection measures should be validated in a stepwise fashion from laboratory assessment to a controlled multiple-hospital evaluation over a prolonged period of time. in this review, we evaluate systemic disinfection methods (copper-silver ionization, chlorine dioxide, monochloramine, ... | 2011 | 21460472 |
| legionnaires' disease with facial nerve palsy. | legionnaires' disease is primarily a pneumonic process caused by legionella pneumophilia, a gram-negative aerobic bacillus but also has multiple system involvement. the most common manifestation is encephalopathy suggesting a generalized brain dysfunction but focal neurological manifestations have been reported. we report a patient with legionella pneumonia associated with cerebellar dysfunction and unilateral facial nerve weakness. 51-year-old previously healthy male presented with shortness of ... | 2011 | 21461048 |
| evaluation of the protective immunity of the legionella pneumophila recombinant protein flaa/momps/pile in an a/j mouse model. | to investigate the protect effects of the recombinant protein flaa/momps/pile against legionella pneumophila (l. pneumophila), the coding sequences of the three proteins were optimized by dna star software firstly, cloned, expressed by escherichia coli bl21, and purified. to give an enhanced the immunological response, the proteins were linked together with (linker) or without a linker insert (nlinker) and were purified from e. coli bl21. the a/j mouse model was used to determine the level of th ... | 2011 | 21463682 |
| in vitro and in vivo profiles of ach-702, an isothiazoloquinolone, against bacterial pathogens. | ach-702, a novel isothiazoloquinolone (itq), was assessed for antibacterial activity against a panel of gram-positive and gram-negative clinical isolates and found to possess broad-spectrum activity, especially against antibiotic-resistant gram-positive strains, including methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). for gram-negative bacteria, ach-702 showed exceptional potency against haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and a neisseria sp. but was less active against members o ... | 2011 | 21464250 |
| clinical impact of combined viral and bacterial infection in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | new methods for identifying respiratory pathogens have led to several reports of a high yield of mixed infections in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). the clinical impact of these findings has, however, not been fully evaluated. we aimed to compare patients with a pure bacterial etiology with those with findings of both bacteria and virus regarding severity of illness and length of hospital stay. | 2011 | 21466255 |
| polyreactivity of monoclonal antibodies made against human erythrocyte membranes with various pathogenic bacteria. | glycophorins comprise the major sialoglycoproteins of the human erythrocyte membrane. several years ago we described a murine monoclonal antibody (mab), designated 124,d-7 (igm), developed by in vitro immunization with human erythrocyte membranes as antigen. we found the mab reacted with a neuraminidase-dependent epitope on glycophorin a. recent findings using elisa with various bacteria as coating antigens have demonstrated strong cross-reactions of mab 124,d-7 with some bacteria like legionell ... | 2011 | 21466280 |
| [epidemiology and aetiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap)]. | community-acquired pneumonia is a frequent disease. case-fatality rate and incidence are increasing with age. the german nation-wide competence network capnetz presents reliable data on aetiology and course of the disease, based on more than 9000 prospectively observed patients. this review discusses current capnetz-publication and their impact on daily clinical practice. the most frequent isolated pathogen isolated was streptococcus pneumoniae. according to capnetz results, the importance of at ... | 2011 | 21469047 |
| detection of microorganisms in exhaled breath condensate during acute exacerbations of copd. | summary at a glance: exhaled breath condensate (ebc) is a noninvasive method to assess airway biology. the aim of the present study was to evaluate ebc for the detection of microbial nucleic acids during acute exacerbations of copd (aecopd). bacterial nucleic acids can be identified in ebcs of copd patients with exacerbations, however, the results differed significantly from those of sputum. abstract: background and objective: one hallmark of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is colo ... | 2011 | 21470340 |
| hyperoxia accelerates fas-mediated signaling and apoptosis in the lungs of legionella pneumophila pneumonia. | abstract: | 2011 | 21470397 |
| legionella longbeachae and legionellosis. | reported cases of legionellosis attributable to legionella longbeachae infection have increased worldwide. in australia and new zealand, l. longbeachae has been a known cause of legionellosis since the late 1980s. all cases for which a source was confirmed were associated with potting mixes and composts. unlike the situation with other legionella spp., l. longbeachae-contaminated water systems in the built environment that cause disease have not been reported. spatially and temporally linked out ... | 2011 | 21470444 |
| [non-traumatic rupture of the spleen.] | background: a non-traumatic rupture of the spleen is a rare, serious condition with a high mortality rate. this sort of rupture can occur in a healthy patient or in patients with an underlying disease such as an infection or a haematological disorder. case description: here we describe a 52-year-old man who had legionella pneumonia and suffered a spontaneous rupture of the spleen. he had to undergo a splenectomy following an unsuccessful embolisation of the lienal artery. he recovered. in the se ... | 2011 | 21486505 |
| pyrosequencing demonstrated complex microbial communities in a membrane filtration system for a drinking water treatment plant. | microbial community composition in a pilot-scale microfiltration plant for drinking water treatment was investigated using high-throughput pyrosequencing technology. sequences of 16s rrna gene fragments were recovered from raw water, membrane tank particulate matter, and membrane biofilm, and used for taxonomic assignments, estimations of diversity, and the identification of potential pathogens. greater bacterial diversity was observed in each sample (1,133-1,731 operational taxonomic units) tha ... | 2011 | 21502735 |
| sitafloxacin: in bacterial infections. | sitafloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial with in vitro activity against a broad range of gram-positive and -negative bacteria, including anaerobic bacteria, as well as against atypical pathogens. it is approved in japan for use in a number of bacterial infections caused by sitafloxacin-susceptible strains of staphylococcus spp., streptococcus pneumoniae, other streptococcus spp., enterococcus spp., moraxella catarrhalis, escherichia coli, citrobacter spp., klebsiella spp., enterobacter sp ... | 2011 | 21504249 |
| chlorine dioxide for legionella spp. disinfection: a danger for cross-linked polyethylene pipes? | 2011 | 21507519 | |
| the versatile legionella effector protein drra. | the human pathogen legionella pneumophila is a bacterium that infects human cells and interferes with intracellular signaling. the legionella protein drra is one of the numerous effectors that the bacterium translocates into the host cytosol. drra binds to the legionella containing vacuole (lcv), an organelle in which legionella survives and replicates, and recruits and activates the vesicular trafficking regulator rab1 to redirect vesicular trafficking between the endoplasmatic reticulum and th ... | 2011 | 21509184 |
| [pancreatitis and dissociated cholestasis: an unusual manifestation in legionella pneumophila induced-infections.] | 2011 | 21514927 | |
| use of nested polymerase chain reaction based on sequence-based typing of clinical samples to determine the source of infection for hospital-acquired legionnaires' disease. | the source of infection of a hospital-acquired legionnaires' disease case was determined for the first time by nested polymerase chain reaction based on sequence-based typing. the typing was performed directly on dna extracted from tissue samples, allowing a rapid epidemiological correlation with environmental isolates. | 2011 | 21515984 |
| [legionellosis in ul'ianovsk region]. | the increasingly frequent introduction of new infectious diseases poses the problem of their prophylaxis, prevention of secondary distribution and establishment. current epidemiologic situation is characterized by the occurrence of rare infections including legionellosis. data on the prevalence of this disease in ulyanovsk region are presented for the period from 2008 to the first half of 2009. the patients were infected during their hajj pilgrimage to saudi arabia. the clinical picture resemble ... | 2011 | 21516771 |
| contamination of the cold water distribution system of health care facilities by legionella pneumophila: do we know the true dimension? | 2011 | 21527132 | |
| clinical, epidemiological, and etiological profile of inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia at a general hospital in the sumaré microregion of brazil. | objective: to analyze the clinical, etiological, and epidemiological aspects of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in hospitalized individuals. methods: we prospectively studied 66 patients (> 14 years of age) with cap admitted to the hospital estadual sumaré, located in the sumaré microregion of brazil, between october of 2005 and september of 2007. we collected data related to clinical history, physical examination, pneumonia severity index (psi) scores, and laboratory tests (blood culture; sp ... | 2011 | 21537656 |
| isolation and identification of legionella and their host amoebae from weak alkaline carbonate spring water using a culture method combined with pcr. | legionella were detected with the direct dna extraction method, legionella culture method, and free-living amoebae (fla) culture method from weak alkaline carbonate spring water in taiwan. moreover, we also investigated the existence of acanthamoeba, hartmannella, and naegleria, ubiquitous fla in aquatic environments, to identify the correlations between existing legionella. this study reports detecting legionella in 15 of the 51 weak alkaline carbonate spring water samples (29.4%). this work al ... | 2011 | 21537990 |
| screening-level assays for potentially human-infectious environmental legionella spp. | in spite of the fact that various legionella species are isolated from nonclinical water settings, there is no standard method to determine whether environmental legionellae may be infectious to humans. here we provide a screening-level approach based on an in vivo murine (a/j mouse) model and three in vitro proliferation assays using acanthamoeba polyphaga, and thp-1 human and j774 murine macrophage cell lines to identify potentially human-infectious legionellae. as an initial demonstration the ... | 2011 | 21538239 |
| whole-body imaging of infection using fluorescence. | optical imaging is emerging as a powerful tool to study physiological, neurological, oncological, cell biological, molecular, developmental, immunological, and infectious processes. this unit describes the use of fluorescent reporters for biological organisms, components, or events. we describe the application of fluorescence imaging to examination of infectious processes, in particular subcutaneous and pulmonary bacterial infections, but the same approaches are applicable to nearly any infectio ... | 2011 | 21538304 |
| protein expression, crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic studies of lida from legionella pneumophila. | lida, a translocated substrate of the legionella pneumophila dot/icm type iv secretion system, is associated with maintenance of bacterial integrity and interferes with the early secretory pathway. however, the precise mechanism of lida in these processes remains elusive. to further investigate the structure and function of lida, the full-length protein was successfully expressed in escherichia coli and purified. lida was crystallized using sitting-drop vapour diffusion and diffracted to a resol ... | 2011 | 21543880 |
| deletion of the murine scavenger receptor cd68. | scavenger receptors (scrs) are a structurally unrelated family of receptors with the ability to bind modified low density lipoproteins (ldls), as well as a broad range of polyanionic ligands. cd68, whose expression is restricted to mononuclear phagocytes, is a unique scr family member, owing to its lamp-like domain and predominant endosomal distribution. knockout mice were generated to directly evaluate the role murine cd68 may play in oxidized ldl (ox-ldl) uptake. however, cd68[-/-] macrophages ... | 2011 | 21572087 |
| legionella jordanis in hematopoietic sct patients radiographically mimicking invasive mold infection. | opportunistic pulmonary infections are a major cause of post-transplant morbidity and mortality. among these infections, aspergillus is a common cause of fatal pneumonia. owing to the precarious clinical condition of many patients who acquire invasive mold infections, clinicians often treat them on the basis of radiographic findings, such as the halo sign. however, in patients who do not respond to treatment or who have uncommon presentations, bronchoscopy or lung biopsy looking for other pathog ... | 2011 | 21572462 |
| in the case of transmission of mycobacterium ulcerans in buruli ulcer disease acanthamoeba species stand accused. | buruli ulcer disease caused by mycobacterium ulcerans results in extensive destruction of skin and soft tissue and long-term functional disabilities that ultimately require surgery and rehabilitation. the disease is associated with aquatic and swampy environments with the mycobacterium occurring in biofilms, soil, aquatic insects, fish and wildlife however, the mode of transmission to humans remains an enigma. current transmission ideas including bites from predatory water bugs and mosquitoes, d ... | 2011 | 21572823 |
| recovery of legionella species from water samples using an internal method based on iso 11731: suggestions for revision and implementation. | the study aim was to determine retrospectively whether the parallel use of 2 media [buffered charcoal yeast extract (bcye) and medium of wadowsky and yee (mwy)] to isolate legionella spp. from water samples taken from hospital water supply systems increased the sensitivity of the culture method as compared with methods/protocols in which only seeding on a selective medium is used. we analyzed the results obtained from 931 positive water samples. in 484 of the 931 positive water samples, legionel ... | 2011 | 21596223 |
| activity of finafloxacin, a novel fluoroquinolone with increased activity at acid ph, towards extracellular and intracellular staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes and legionella pneumophila. | finafloxacin, an 8-cyano-substituted fluoroquinolone, expresses enhanced activity at acidic ph and is less susceptible to several fluoroquinolone resistance determinants. in this study, we compared finafloxacin and ciprofloxacin for (i) activity against ciprofloxacin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus as well as wild-type and lde efflux-positive (lde+) listeria monocytogenes, (ii) accumulation in thp-1 macrophages and (iii) intracellular activity towards phagocytised s. aureus, l. ... | 2011 | 21596526 |
| [contamination of health care institutions environmental objects by legionella pneumophila]. | aim. the extent of environmental objects contamination by legionella pneumophila in nizhny novgorod and nizhny novgorod region hospitals evaluation, and detection of potentially hazardous objects. | 2011 | 21598621 |
| sensitive sequence-specific molecular identification system comprising an aluminum micro-nanofluidic chip and associated real-time confocal detector. | we developed a micro-nanofluidic bioreactor-detector system for isothermal dna amplification and sensitive real-time detection of the amplified products for sequence-specific molecular identification. aluminum (al) chips with a range of volumes from 7.07μl to 39nl and an associated real-time confocal optical detector are described. the detector provided highly sensitive fluorescence detection and low background noise. one of the important aspects of the system was the development of a surface pr ... | 2011 | 21601025 |
| environmental surveillance and molecular characterization of legionella in tropical singapore. | legionnaires' disease is often acquired by inhalation of legionellae from a contaminated environmental source. in recent years, singapore has seen an increase in the use of aerosol-generating fixtures such as mist fans and spa pools. poorly maintained and designed water fixtures could pose a public health threat to the community. in this study, we provided an update on the prevalence of legionella in mist fans (n=28), household water heaters with storage tanks (n=19) and instantaneous heaters (n ... | 2011 | 21602781 |
| [sequence-based typing of enviromental legionella pneumophila isolates in guangzhou]. | to characterize the genes of legionella pneumophila isolated from different water source in guangzhou from 2006 to 2009. to genotype the strains by using sequence-based typing (sbt) scheme. | 2011 | 21604546 |
| automated immunomagnetic processing and separation of legionella pneumophila with manual detection by sandwich elisa and pcr amplification of the omps gene. | the culture-independent and automated detection of bacteria in the environment is a scientific and technological challenge. for detection alone, a number of sensitive methods are known (e.g., pcr, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [elisa], fluorescent in situ hybridization) but a major problem remaining is the enrichment and separation of the bacteria that usually occur at low concentrations. here, we present an automated capturing and separation system, which can easily be combined with one of ... | 2011 | 21609698 |
| dispersion of legionella-containing aerosols from a biological treatment plant,norway. | legionella was detected in aeration ponds (biological treatment plant) at borregaard ind. ltd., norway, and in air samples harvested directly above these ponds. since 2005, three outbreaks of legionellosis occurred within a 10 km radius from this plant. this work addresses the dispersion patterns of legionella-containing particles by characterizing the aerosol plume emitted from these ponds (outbreak source) less than 500 meters using wind-tunnel measurements, cfd simulations, and real-life meas ... | 2011 | 21622136 |