Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| immunity in human subjects artificially infected with influenza virus, type b. | 1944 | 18015967 | |
| demonstration of influenza virus, type b, in a recent outbreak of upper respiratory infection. | 1945 | 21007649 | |
| demonstration of influenza virus, type b, in a recent outbreak of upper respiratory infection. | 1945 | 17788251 | |
| epidemic influenza b and c in navy recruits, 1953-1954. i. antigenic studies on influenza virus, type b. | 1955 | 14371656 | |
| [antibody titers against influenza virus type b and against the far east strain of influenza virus in slovak inhabitants towards the end of 1957]. | 1958 | 13585398 | |
| [a new photometric technic for titration of the hemagglutination power of mixed viruses. i. influenza virus type b]. | 1959 | 13663474 | |
| laboratory studies of influenza virus type b infections in children. | 1963 | 14023650 | |
| properties of hemagglutinins of influenza virus type b. | 1965 | 14304762 | |
| surveys of respiratory virus antibodies in an arctic indian population. | a study was undertaken to determine the etiological agents responsible for epidemics in a small and relatively isolated arctic community.three serological surveys were carried out over a four-year period employing complement fixation tests. clinical information from the resident nurse was also available.the results indicated that of the two clinical epidemics of "influenza" which occurred during the period of study one was due to influenza virus type a; the other was unidentified. however, influ ... | 1965 | 4284108 |
| [occurrence of neutralizing antibodies against influenzavirus b in the population of berlin (gdr)]. | 1972 | 5020573 | |
| experimental infection of animals with influenzavirus types a and b. | the knowledge that domestic cats were susceptible to infection with freshly isolated a/hong kong/68 influenzavirus led to studies on the susceptibility of some other animal species to this virus, as well as to studies on the ability of egg-passaged hong kong virus and an asian virus to infect cats. the ability of a recent isolate of influenzavirus b to infect these animals was also studied. macaca radiata monkeys could be infected with fresh isolates of a/hong kong virus by intranasal instillati ... | 1972 | 4196340 |
| [details of the evolution of the influenza epidemic process in the city of bucharest in 1974]. | the present paper reports on the results of a complex epidemiologic survey of the epidemiologic potential of influenza in bucharest in 1974, conducted on the basis of a complete, unitary methodology including; (a) dynamic survey of the morbidity and mortality from influenza, with statistical-mathematical processing of the data per age group and total population; (b) monthly sero-epidemiologic survey of the antiinfluenza immunologic profile of the population, determined in lots of 540 sera (annua ... | 1975 | 128104 |
| an influenza b epidemic among children in day-care. | an outbreak of influenza virus type b infections occurred in the frank porter graham day care center from february to april, 1974. during the epidemic there were 27 isolations of influenza b virus from 20 children. one half of these were obtained from children who were well at the time of culturing. attack rates as determined by virus isolation and seroconversion for most age groups approximated the 40% rate for the entire population. clinical and microbiological data from this study were compar ... | 1976 | 958761 |
| temperature-sensitive recombinants of influenzavirus b. | 1978 | 27978 | |
| recombinants of influenza virus type b as potential live vaccine candidates: rna characterization and evaluation in man. | two recombinants (r22 and r75) of the attenuated b/ussr/69 strain bright and the virulent b/hong kong/5/72 and one recombinant (r5) of bright and the virulent b/hong kong /8/73 were selected for genotypic and phenotypic caracterization. all three recombinants had the growth property of the attenuated parent brigit. analysis of their rna's by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that, the strains r22 and r75 had derived all their genes from brigit, those coding for haemagglutinin excepted. ... | 1981 | 7019320 |
| [antigenic determinants of the hemagglutinin of influenza virus type b]. | a comparative immunological analysis of 3 influenza type b virus strains, b/lee/40, b/m/8/52, and b/victoria/70 was made. the presence of at least 3 antigenic determinants in hemagglutinins of the viruses under study was established by the method of selective adsorption. one of the determinants was type-specific and was shared by all the three strains, the other two determined the group- and strain-specificity of the viruses studied. | 1983 | 6195823 |
| etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in patients requiring hospitalization. | the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia was studied in 127 patients with roentgenologically verified pneumonia who needed hospitalization. etiology was determined on the basis of a positive blood culture and/or a significant antibody titer increase. streptococcus pneumoniae was the probable etiological agent in 69 patients, nontypeable haemophilus influenzae in five patients, streptococcus pyogenes in two patients, and legionella pneumophila and staphylococcus aureus in one patient each. ev ... | 1985 | 4018066 |
| [immunogenicity of the antigenic determinants of influenza virus type b hemagglutinin]. | the immunogenic activity of antigenic determinants of influenza type b viruses in primary and booster immunizations was studied. in primary immunization, the highest immunogenicity was found with the type- and strain-specific antigenic determinants whereas the antigenic determinants of group specificity were less immunogenic. after booster immunizations the animal sera had antibody to all 3 antigenic determinants. | 1985 | 2413628 |
| children hospitalized with influenza b infection. | an outbreak of influenza virus type b infection occurred in philadelphia from december, 1985, to april, 1986. during this epidemic 24 patients were admitted to children's hospital from whom influenza b was isolated from routine respiratory viral cultures. all were younger than 3 years of age. clinical findings included fever (greater than or equal to 38 degrees c) (88%), rhinorrhea (62.6%), cough (50%), otitis (50%), rhonchi (42%), vomiting (38%), diarrhea (33%), rales (21%), pharyngitis (13%) a ... | 1987 | 3615069 |
| comparison of tube cultures of madin darby canine kidney cells with shell-vial cultures after low-speed centrifugation for influenza virus isolation. | the efficacy of isolation of influenza viruses was compared in two systems--conventional tube cultures of madin darby canine kidney cells, and shell-vial cultures after low-speed centrifugation. one hundred and fifty eight throat and nasal swabs were inoculated and cultures screened by hemagglutination on days 1, 2, 3 and 5 post-inoculation. twenty-four shell-vial cultures (15.2%) and 6 tube cultures (3.8%) were positive for influenza virus type b, indicating that shell-vial cultures with low-sp ... | 1988 | 3071771 |
| epidemiologic features of influenza in a large urban centre (b.) in romania, in 1987. | the study presents the peculiarities of influenza evolution in 1987 in a large town in romania. these features were defined by a complex methodology, based on clinical, epidemiologic and laboratory investigations, used in the active control of the epidemiologic process kinetics. the influenza viruses type a (h1n1 and h3n2) had a major role in the infecting and immunizing contacts in all age groups whereas the influenza virus type b had a reduced circulation. the epidemiologic influenza impact in ... | 1988 | 3195054 |
| antibody response in humans to influenza virus type b host-cell-derived variants after vaccination with standard (egg-derived) vaccine or natural infection. | hemagglutination inhibition (hi) and neutralization tests were used to determine antibody responses to egg-derived and madin-darby canine kidney (mdck)-derived influenza b virus (b/england/222/82) in paired sera from persons naturally infected with influenza b and in persons vaccinated with standard egg-derived inactivated influenza vaccine. when tested by hi, the mdck-derived antigen gave significantly higher (8- to 12-fold) geometric mean titers (gmt) in convalescent-phase sera from persons na ... | 1988 | 3343328 |
| kinetic studies on the sialidase of three influenza b and three influenza a virus strains. | sialidase of influenza virus type a has been extensively studied through structural and kinetic approaches. however, sialidase of influenza virus type b has been less investigated. in this work, we have studied the activity and some properties (optimal ph, km, vmax, thermal stability) of sialidase in three influenza virus strains of type b (circulating in the period 1983-86) and also the activity and properties of sialidase from three virus strains of type a circulating at the same period of tim ... | 1989 | 2535486 |
| cross-protection against microvariants of influenza virus type b by vaccinia viruses expressing haemagglutinins from egg- or mdck cell-derived subpopulations of influenza virus type b/england/222/82. | b/singapore/222/79-like influenza viruses isolated from three patients during the winter of 1981 to 1982 and cultured in either embryonated hens' eggs or mdck cells were studied. sequence analysis indicated that the haemagglutinin (ha) genes of the six virus preparations contained at least four distinct ha1 sequences which differed by up to six amino acids. only one pair of viruses had amino acid differences between the egg- and mdck cell-derived viral subpopulations and this change did not affe ... | 1989 | 2732722 |
| [the genotyping of reassortants of the influenza virus type b]. | a rapid method requiring a small amount of materials is described for genotyping of influenza type b virus reassortants. it allows one to carry out within a short time a simultaneous analysis of the genome of 12 virus strains by pag electrophoresis of virion rnas. the conditions for the detection of the greatest strain-specific differences in the mobility of individual rna segments of influenza b virus were found: 3.3% pag plus 4.5 m urea, although the most reliable results were obtained by comp ... | 1990 | 1699357 |
| [the virological study of a certified focus of acute respiratory diseases in a half-closed community]. | an acute respiratory disease outbreak appeared during february and march 1988 in a half-closed community. virologic investigations were conducted and an influenza virus type b strain was isolated, antigenically like b/victoria 2/87. administration of the anti-influenza vaccine in the fifth day of the outbreak evolution led to considerable reduction of the new cases and to outbreak extinction after 48 hours. | 1990 | 2099831 |
| [study on the effects of influenza virus vaccines--relation between the rate of two-fractional vaccination and the overall rate of absenteeism]. | in 1987 and 1988, in 9 elementary schools, the percentage of children who received two sessions of vaccination and the overall rate of absenteeism resulting from influenza were determined for each class, and their relationship was investigated. the following results were obtained. 1) the mean vaccination rate was 58.6% among 157 classes in 1987, whereas it was 29.9% among 151 classes in 1988, the rate being significantly higher in 1987. 2) the mean overall rate of absenteeism was 1.524% in 1987, ... | 1990 | 2335753 |
| viral pathogens of acute lower respiratory infections in pre-school nigerian children and clinical implications of multiple microbial identifications. | in a prospective study of acute lower respiratory infections (alri), at the university college hospital, uch, ibadan, 35 viral pathogens were identified by immunofluorescence (if) techniques from 24 (68.6%) respiratory specimens from 35 hospitalised pre-school children. the respiratory diagnoses comprised croup, bronchiolitis, pneumonia and pleural effusion. the viral identifications comprised 14 (40.0%) of parainfluenza virus type 3, 10 (28.6%) of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), 5 (14.3%) of ... | 1993 | 8512876 |
| respiratory virus antibodies in adults of a norwegian community: prevalences and risk factors. | the aims were to examine prevalences as well as demographic and environmental predictors of respiratory virus antibodies in serum. | 1995 | 7797347 |
| serological study of responses to selected pathogens causing respiratory tract infection in the institutionalized elderly. | in a prospective 2-year study, serological responses to selected pathogens were analyzed in 224 episodes of fever attributable to respiratory tract infection (51.8%) or of unknown source (48.2%) in 131 residents of two long-term-care facilities. a serological response was identified in 45 episodes (20.1%): chlamydia pneumoniae (14 episodes), haemophilus influenzae type b (1), influenza virus type a (14), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv;2), parainfluenza virus type 3 (7), c. pneumoniae and h. in ... | 1996 | 8953065 |
| [use of caco-2 cells for isolation of influenza virus]. | in this study we assessed the usefulness of caco-2 cells, derived from a human colon carcinoma, to isolate an influenza virus. throat washings collected from 30 patients with influenza-like illnesses in miyazaki prefecture in 1997 were inoculated in mdck and caco-2 cells, 17 influenza virus strains were isolated in mdck cells, and 20 in caco-2 cells. of all the viruses isolated, only one strain was identified as influenza virus type b; other strains were identified as type a (h3n2). furthermore, ... | 1998 | 9621562 |
| simultaneous multiple viral infections in childhood acute lower respiratory tract infections in southern taiwan. | thirty paediatric patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections (alri) caused by simultaneous multiple viral infections (smv) in a 3-year interval were reviewed. twenty patients were infected with two viruses simultaneously; nine patients with three viruses; and one patient with four viruses. the frequency of individual viruses were: adenovirus, 18 (60 per cent); respiratory syncytial virus, 7 (23 per cent); influenza virus type a, 6 (20 per cent); influenza virus type b, 15 (50 per cen ... | 1998 | 9819497 |
| antiviral activities of marine pseudomonas polysaccharides and their oversulfated derivatives. | : a marine pseudomonas species wak-1 strain simultaneously produces extracellular glycosaminoglycan and sulfated polysaccharide. among the antiviral activities tested for these polysaccharides, the latter showed anti-hsv-1 activity in rpmi 8226 cells (50% effective concentration is 1.4 µg/ml). oversulfated derivatives of these polysaccharides prepared by dicyclohexylcarbodiimide-mediated reaction for both polysaccharides showed antiviral activities against influenza virus type a (for glycosamino ... | 1999 | 10373612 |
| acute lower respiratory infections in hospitalized children over a 6 year period in tokyo. | acute lower respiratory infections are major causes of hospitalization in children and are mainly caused by respiratory viruses. in the present study, we investigated the etiologic agents responsible for acute lower respiratory infections from the period november 1986 to october 1992 in order to determine the seasonal pattern and different characteristics of age distribution of respiratory infectious agents, mainly virus infections. | 1999 | 10530065 |
| [evaluation of influenza virus type a detection kit]. | we evaluated a new influenza virus type a detection kit (influa-ad "seiken") and compared it to virus isolation and rt-pcr using throat swab specimens. our results were as follows: 1) from 13 specimens in which influenza virus type a was isolated, influa-ad "seiken" detected 12 while rt-pcr detected 9. 2) from 7 specimens in which influenza virus type b was isolated, influa-ad "seiken" detected 0 while rt-pcr detected 1. 3) from 2 specimens in which adeno virus was isolated, influa-ad "seiken" d ... | 2000 | 11109767 |
| [influenza in poland in 1999]. | a total of 2,344,773 cases of influenza were reported in poland in 1999, corresponding to 6066.1 cases per 100,000 population and was 2.8 times higher as compared with 1998. the highest influenza incidence rate (10,770.9 per 100,000) was reported in małopolskie voivodeship. children up to 14 years old accounted for 34.9% (818,629; incidence 10,616.2 per 100,000) of all reported influenza cases. a total of 3,925 persons required hospitalization, eight times more as compared with 1998. the number ... | 2001 | 11556088 |
| [clinico-anatomic parallels of cardiac lesion in sporadic influenza]. | data on 40 patients (21 men, 19 women) who died in hospital of influenza in 1975-1990 are analysed. the age of the patients ranged from 47 to 92 years, 37 patients were over 60. 31 deceased had ischemic heart disease (ihd), of them 13 survived myocardial infarction; 11 patients had essential hypertension, 1--lymphoid leukemia, 1--pollenosis. influenza caused by virus of a type (h3n2) was diagnosed in 27 patients. influenza virus type b was detected in 13 patients. the disease ran a hypertoxic, s ... | 2001 | 11641939 |
| antigenic variation among isolates of infectious salmon anaemia virus correlates with genetic variation of the viral haemagglutinin gene. | infectious salmon anaemia virus (isav), an orthomyxovirus-like virus, is an important fish pathogen in marine aquaculture. virus neutralization of 24 isav isolates in the to cell line using rabbit antisera to the whole virus and comparative sequence analysis of their haemagglutinin (ha) genes have allowed elaboration on the variation of isav isolates. the 24 viruses were neutralized to varying degrees, revealing two major antigenic groups, one american and one european. sequence analysis of the ... | 2001 | 11714961 |
| evaluation of the directigen flua+b test for rapid diagnosis of influenza virus type a and b infections. | directigen flua+b (bd diagnostic systems, sparks, md.), a new rapid test for the detection of influenza virus types a and b, was evaluated with nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens collected from 250 patients in comparison with culture and direct fluorescent antigen (dfa) detection tests. the patients studied were predominantly children, 80% being </=6 years old. specimens negative by culture but positive by the directigen flua+b or dfa tests were analyzed by reverse transcription-pcr to resolve th ... | 2002 | 11980941 |
| local surveillance of influenza in the united kingdom: from sentinel general practices to sentinel cities? | surveillance of influenza in england and wales utilises a disparate geographical network of general practices to provide clinical data in the form of weekly consultation rates for influenza and 'influenza-like illness'. this network accurately detects and monitors seasonal influenza activity at national and supra-regional levels. localised regional and sub-regional epidemics are less easily detected. we describe a localised epidemic of influenza affecting a deprived urban community in the north ... | 2002 | 12070970 |
| [effectiveness of oseltamivir treatment against influenza type a and type b infection in children]. | we investigated the effectiveness of oseltamivir treatment against influenza virus infection in children. we treated 131 patients (mean age, 5.8 +/- 3.6 years) with oseltamivir (4 mg/kg/day for 5 days) during the 2001-2002 epidemic. all of the patients had been diagnosed with influenza using a rapid diagnosis kit. when treatment was initiated within 48 hours of the onset of fever, 44% of the patients became afebrile (< 37.5 degrees c) within one day, and 86% of them recovered within two days. th ... | 2002 | 12508478 |
| influenza virus types and subtypes detection by single step single tube multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and agarose gel electrophoresis. | influenza virus type and subtype specific primers were selected for use in reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). the selected primer sets were used in a single step rt-pcr of influenza virus rna in multiplex format for the detection of virus type and subtypes. three one step reaction conditions are optimized: (1) multiplex typing only, (2) multiplex subtyping of influenza a, and (3) multiplex typing and subtyping simultaneously. rna from strains of influenza virus type a of s ... | 2002 | 11684304 |
| oseltamivir: new preparation. an antiviral agent with little impact on influenza. | (1) oseltamivir, an oral antiviral agent, has been marketed in the european union for the prevention and treatment of suspected influenza during epidemics. (2) three prevention trials done in the general population showed moderate effects, with a 3.5-4% reduction (in absolute values) in serologically confirmed episodes of 'flu. according to one trial, oseltamivir was moderately effective as a prophylactic for close contacts of 'flu cases (6.6% in absolute values). (3) there are three placebo-con ... | 2003 | 12825569 |
| risk factors associated with severe influenza infections in childhood: implication for vaccine strategy. | infections caused by influenza virus lead to an excess rate of hospitalization of children during winter months. current recommendations for vaccination target only children >6 months who belong to specific risk groups. | 2003 | 12949312 |
| [evaluation of influenza vaccine vaxigrip in the combined immunization of conscripts during influenza seasons of 2002-2003]. | the immunization properties of the influenza vaccine vaxigrip, used in combination with vaccines against pneunococcal infection and hepatitis a (respectively, pneumo 23 and avaxim), were evaluated. in central russia in one of the units of the internal forces of the rf ministry of internal affairs 3 groups totaling 755 servicemen were formed, depending on the complex of the introduced vaccines. active medical observation and the registration of the complaints of the vaccinees at the postvaccinal ... | 2004 | 15024982 |
| use of oseltamivir to control influenza complications after bone marrow transplantation. | influenza infection can be severe in bone marrow transplant (bmt) recipients. although yearly epidemics occur worldwide, and a higher risk of complication is expected in these patients, few studies have addressed the impact of the new neuraminidase inhibitors in the prognosis of influenza after bmt. influenza a or b infections were found in 39 of the 66 patients (59%) showing a positive nasal wash by dfa. influenza a was diagnosed in 18 patients and influenza b in 23 patients; two patients were ... | 2004 | 15094755 |
| [influenza in heterothermic animals]. | the objective was to study orthomyxovirus in heterothermic animals. blood samples from snakes (genus bothrops and crotalus) and from toads and frogs (genus bufo and rana) were collected to evaluate the red cell receptors and antibodies specific to influenza virus by the hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition tests, respectively. both snakes and toads kept in captivity presented receptors in their red cells and antibodies specific to either influenza virus type a (human and equine origi ... | 2004 | 15330057 |
| predominant contribution of ifn-beta expression to apoptosis induction in human uterine cervical fibroblast cells by influenza-virus infection. | we have been investigating an apoptosis induction in human fetal membrane cells by influenza virus (iv) infection and the contribution of apoptosis induction to the viral infection-defense response between a fetus and the maternal body. for studying any role of uterine cells in the anti-viral response, we investigated the molecular mechanism of the apoptotic induction in human uterine cervical fibroblast cell line (hcf) by iv infection. iv type a and b infection induced dna fragmentation in hcf. ... | 2004 | 15516717 |
| [present data on influenza virus isolated from ducks and chickens, and influenza virus c. anti-influenza drugs]. | present data on influenza virus isolated from ducks and chickens, and influenza virus c. anti-influenza drugs. within the broad field of glycopathology and glycotherapeutics, research on influenza virus types a, b and c from humans and several bird species (particularly migratory birds such as ducks, since they are reservoirs for viruses), as well as the search for improved drugs designed for the prevention or treatment of epidemics/pandemics produced by most of those viruses are issues of relev ... | 2004 | 15563121 |
| immune response after adjuvant mucosal immunization of mice with inactivated influenza virus. | satisfactory mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract is very important for protection against influenza. it can be achieved only by mucosal immunization. mucosal vaccination with inactivated influenza virus may not be sufficiently effective and suitable adjuvants are therefore sought. we tested intratracheal immunization of mice with inactivate b type influenza virus in a mixture with formolized g+ bacterium bacillus firmus, whose adjuvant effects have previously been documented in another sys ... | 2004 | 15752565 |
| the association between life events, social support, and antibody status following thymus-dependent and thymus-independent vaccinations in healthy young adults. | this study determined whether stressful life events and social support were related to antibody status following both thymus-dependent and thymus-independent vaccinations. life events in the previous year and customary social support were measured in 57 healthy students at baseline. antibody status was also assessed at baseline and at five weeks and five months following vaccination with the trivalent influenza vaccine and the meningococcal a+c polysaccharide vaccine. taking into account baselin ... | 2004 | 15944072 |
| [comparison of four rapid diagnostic kits using immunochromatography to detect influenza b viruses]. | we compared the usefulness of 4 rapid influenza diagnostic 1-device kits using immunochromatography, which facilitate type differentiation, i.e. espline influenza a&b-n (fujirebio corp., japan: espline), poctem influenza a/b (sysmex corp., japan: poctem), quick vue rapid sp influ (quidel corp., u.s.a.: quick vue), and capilia flu a + b (tauns corp., japan: capilia), in 278 children in whom influenza infection was suspected in 2004 and 2005. nasopharyngeal aspirates were diluted for virus isolati ... | 2005 | 16296326 |
| [incidence of influenza and influenza vaccine effectiveness in the 2004-2005 season]. | to quantify the incidence of flu in different groups of the population of navarra in the 2004-2005 season, and to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-flu vaccination. | 2006 | 16670732 |
| rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure associated with influenza virus type b infection. | a patient with rhabdomyolysis-induced acute renal failure due to influenza b virus infection is presented. influenza b infection caused rhabdomyolysis with efflux of myoglobin from myocytes, causing acute renal failure. in conclusion, influenza virus type b can cause severe rhabdomyolysis leading to acute renal failure. | 2006 | 16909056 |
| influenza virus infections in yangon, myanmar. | 2006 | 16971178 | |
| [the properties of the epidemic influenza viruses a and b strains circulating in russia in the 2004-2005 epidemic season]. | the epidemic upsurge of influenza morbidity in russia in 2004-2005 was caused by the active circulation of influenza a(h3n2) and b viruses. a hundred and sixty-six epidemic strains were studied. all the strains were isolated in the mck cell culture. influenza a(h3n2) viruses (n=77) were antigenic variants of the reference a/fujian/411/ 2002 and a/california/7/2004 strains. three influenza a(h1n1) viral strains that were antigenic variants of a/new caledonia/20/99 strains were isolated in sporadi ... | 2006 | 17214079 |
| comparison of the "prodect bcs rv chip" assay with the combination of shell vial cell culture and immunofluorescence antibody test for the detection of respiratory viruses. | in the present study, a multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction combined with a chip hybridization assay (prodect bcs rv chip) was evaluated as an alternative to the combination of immunofluorescent antibody test and shell vial cell culture considered as gold standard for the detection of respiratory viruses. among 100 specimens, 40 were positive using the combination of immunofluorescent antibody test and shell vial cell culture assay in which 9 of them were infected by two di ... | 2007 | 17433455 |
| [antiviral resistance of influenza viruses]. | 2007 | 17455665 | |
| molecular and phylogenetic analysis of human influenza virus among iranian patients in shiraz, iran. | influenza is a viral respiratory pathogen responsible for frequent seasonal epidemics. there are currently three major human influenza viruses in global circulation namely a/h1n1, a/h3n2, and b. the objective of this study was to determine the human influenza virus genotypes in shiraz, the capital of the fars province of iran. three hundred patients suspected with human influenza virus infection were enrolled in this survey (2004-2005). the throat samples were cultured and titrated by hemaggluti ... | 2007 | 17457914 |
| [significance of rapid testing for influenza virus infectious disease]. | 2007 | 17477144 | |
| [two cases of successfully treated invasive pulmonary aspergillosis following influenza virus infection]. | while invasive pulmonary aspergillosis usually occurs in immunocompromised hosts, it has been described after influenza virus infection in healthy individuals. the first case was a 76-year-old previously healthy woman admitted because of chest pain, cough, sputum, fever, and a chest radiograph abnormality. a transbronchial biopsy specimen showed fungal hyphae. amphotericin b (amph) and itraconazole (itcz) were given, and she improved gradually. a viral test showed a titre of 1/128 to influenza a ... | 2007 | 17491315 |
| impact of respiratory infections by influenza viruses a and b in pediatrics patients from federal university of paraná, brazil. | the objective of the present study was to determine the impact of influenza virus on pediatric hospitalized patients. we retrospectively reviewed records of children with laboratory diagnoses, by cell culture and/or indirect immunofluorescence assay, of influenza virus seen in a period of 6 years. a total of 1,033 samples were analyzed, 45 (4.3%) of them being reactive to influenza virus. thirty-one samples were positive to influenza a virus and 14 to influenza b. the frequency of hospitalizatio ... | 2007 | 17625765 |
| [live influenza vaccine: laboratory markers of attenuation]. | screening for candidate reassortants is an important step in the development of live influenza vaccine (liv). the temperature-sensitive (ts) and cold-adapted (ca) phenotypes of vaccine strains are generally determined, by employing chicken embryos, and used as ts and ca attenuation markers. however, it is difficult to use the egg-determined ts phenotypes of vaccine candidate reassortants as an attenuation marker due to a wide circulation of natural ts epidemic influenza viruses. this study used ... | 2007 | 17722606 |
| reversible splenial lesion in influenza virus encephalopathy. | we describe a rare case of clinically mild, influenza-associated encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion. a 12-year-old japanese girl presented with fever and headache, followed by muscle weakness and somnolence. magnetic resonance imaging on day 4 of her illness showed a solitary lesion of the splenium of the corpus callosum that was most prominently visualized on diffusion-weighted images. the patient was diagnosed with influenza b-associated encephalopathy. her neurologic signs had c ... | 2007 | 18021926 |
| recent changes in the trends of seasonal influenza outbreaks in the nagano prefectural area of japan: an oseltamivir effect? | we carried out a study to assess the pharmacological role of oseltamivir in the regulation of influenza epidemics in japan, examining data for the years 1998 to 2006 from nagano prefecture. oseltamivir is effective for the treatment of influenza, and its use in japan has increased in the 3 years from 2003 to 2006. we found that, in the nagano prefectural area, the peak in the number of influenza infections showed a deviation to later periods after the 2003 season. and after 2003, it also took a ... | 2007 | 18095096 |
| influenza (as of 8 february 2008). | 2008 | 18277435 | |
| the epidemiology and antigenic characterization of influenza viruses isolated in curitiba, south brazil. | several studies conducted all over the world have reported that the influenza virus is associated with great morbidity and mortality rates. in this study, we analyzed the incidence of the influenza virus between 2000 and 2003 in curitiba. we studied 1621 samples obtained from outpatients and hospitalized patients of both sexes and all ages. the study was conducted at the local primary care health units (outpatients) and at the tertiary care unit (hospitalized) of the general hospital of the fede ... | 2008 | 18425270 |
| [impact of rapid influenza test during influenza epidemic in all febrile children less than 6 years old in a pediatric emergency department]. | to determine the impact of rapid influenza test (rit) on the prescription of additional tests, antibiotics and oseltamivir, and the influence of oseltamivir on clinical signs and parents' day work stoppage. | 2008 | 18586472 |
| simultaneous detection of different respiratory virus by a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction combined with flow-through reverse dot blotting assay. | cell culture and immunofluorescence (if) assays have been traditionally used for the laboratory diagnosis of respiratory viral infections, but these assays have a low sensitivity and are time consuming. we developed a multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction combined with flow-through reverse dot blotting (mrt-pcr-ft-rdb) assay for the simultaneous detection of influenza virus type a including h5 subtype and h9 subtype, influenza virus type b, parainfluenza virus types 1 and 3, ... | 2008 | 18639996 |
| antibody responses after inactivated influenza vaccine in young children. | the frequency and duration of antibody responses after trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (tiv) in young children are not well defined and assume greater importance with the expanded recommendations for vaccine use in children aged 6 months-5 years. | 2008 | 18833023 |
| influenza sequence and epitope database. | influenza epidemics arise through the acquisition of viral genetic changes to overcome immunity from previous infections. an increasing number of complete genomes of influenza viruses have been sequenced in asia in recent years. knowledge about the genomes of the seasonal influenza viruses from different countries in asia is valuable for monitoring and understanding of the emergence, migration and evolution of strains. in order to make full use of the wealth of information from such data, we hav ... | 2009 | 19015128 |
| [simultaneous infection for influenzavirus b and c in the context of the influenza virological surveillance]. | 2009 | 19237009 | |
| synthesis and in vivo influenza virus-inhibitory effect of ester prodrug of 4-guanidino-7-o-methyl-neu5ac2en. | a series of ester prodrugs of 7-o-methyl derivative of zanamivir (compound 3) was synthesized and their efficacy was evaluated in an influenza infected mice model by intranasal administration. compound 7c (cs-8958), octanoyl ester prodrug of the c-9 alcohol of compound 3, was found to be much longer-acting than zanamivir. furthermore, the in vivo efficacies of compounds 12a, 12b, and 12c, the linear alkyl ester prodrug of the carboxylic acid, were comparable to that exerted by compound 7c. | 2009 | 19414262 |
| clinical and laboratory analysis of influenza b infection in children in taichung, taiwan during the 2006-2007 flu season. | an epidemic of influenza b/malaysia/2506/2004 was reported in taiwan during the 2006-2007 flu season. we investigated the flu vaccination history and clinical and laboratory characteristics of children with influenza b infection. | 2009 | 19453079 |
| psychological stress and antibody response to influenza vaccination: a meta-analysis. | vaccination is an important public health strategy for reducing the risk of influenza at the societal level. however, at the individual level, not everyone is protected by vaccination, and increases in antibody titers may fail to reach protective levels. several recent studies suggest that psychological stress may contribute to these individual differences. exploring this hypothesis, we conducted a meta-analysis of 13 studies examining the influence of psychological stress on antibody responses ... | 2009 | 19486657 |
| aurintricarboxylic acid is a potent inhibitor of influenza a and b virus neuraminidases. | influenza viruses cause serious infections that can be prevented or treated using vaccines or antiviral agents, respectively. while vaccines are effective, they have a number of limitations, and influenza strains resistant to currently available anti-influenza drugs are increasingly isolated. this necessitates the exploration of novel anti-influenza therapies. | 2009 | 20020057 |
| surveillance of influenza virus b circulation in northern italy: summer-fall 2008 isolation of three strains and phylogenetic analysis. | influenza virus type b strains were unexpectedly detected and isolated in italy during summer-fall 2008 from three patients travelling to italy from lebanon, senegal and uzbekistan. the three summer-fall strains matched to a high degree the hemagglutinin (ha1) of influenza virus type b strains circulating in italy in the second part (january through april) of the 2007/2008 season, and ha1 of the type b strains included in the 2008/2009 vaccine (b/yamagata/16/88 lineage). surveillance of influenz ... | 2009 | 20128448 |
| a two-tiered model for simulating the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of rapidly evolving viruses, with an application to influenza. | understanding the epidemiological and evolutionary dynamics of rapidly evolving pathogens is one of the most challenging problems facing disease ecologists today. to date, many mathematical and individual-based models have provided key insights into the factors that may regulate these dynamics. however, in many of these models, abstractions have been made to the simulated sequences that limit an effective interface with empirical data. this is especially the case for rapidly evolving viruses in ... | 2010 | 20335193 |
| scalable production of influenza virus in hek-293 cells for efficient vaccine manufacturing. | cell culture processes offer an attractive alternative to conventional chicken egg-based influenza vaccine production methods. however, most protocols still rely on the use of adherent cells, which makes process scale-up a challenging issue. in this study, it is demonstrated that the hek-293 human cell line is able to efficiently replicate influenza virus. production in serum-free suspension of hek-293 cultures resulted in high titers of infectious influenza viruses for different subtypes and va ... | 2010 | 20347632 |
| lethal influenza b myocarditis in a child and review of the literature for pediatric age groups. | we report on the case of a 5 year-old girl who developed fulminant myocarditis due to acute infection with influenza virus type b. cardiac arrest occurred suddenly, resuscitation efforts were not successful, and the patient died of congestive heart failure 24 h after admission to the hospital. | 2010 | 20358246 |
| [the origin of the genetic variability of influenza viruses]. | to better understand the significant variability displayed by influenza viruses, we need to be aware not only of its genetic characteristics, but also of the effect this genetic makeup has on proteins associated with viral replication and antigenicity. the origin of such diversity is due first and foremost to its segmented genome that allows segment reassortment (antigenic shift) and second to the error prone viral polymerase (antigenic drift) responsible of copying the genes enclosed in these s ... | 2010 | 20957816 |
| viral respiratory tract infections among patients with acute undifferentiated fever in vietnam. | to investigate the proportion of viral respiratory tract infections among acute undifferentiated fevers (aufs) at primary health facilities in southern vietnam during 2001-2005, patients with auf not caused by malaria were enrolled at twelve primary health facilities and a clinic for malaria control program. serum was collected on first presentation (t0) and after 3 weeks (t3) for serology. after exclusion of acute dengue infection, acute and convalescent serum samples from 606 patients were usi ... | 2010 | 21073032 |
| formulation and coating of microneedles with inactivated influenza virus to improve vaccine stability and immunogenicity. | microneedle patches coated with solid-state influenza vaccine have been developed to improve vaccine efficacy and patient coverage. however, dip coating microneedles with influenza vaccine can reduce antigen activity. in this study, we sought to determine the experimental factors and mechanistic pathways by which inactivated influenza vaccine can lose activity, as well as develop and assess improved microneedle coating formulations that protect the antigen from activity loss. after coating micro ... | 2010 | 19840825 |
| development of a rapid automated influenza a, influenza b, and respiratory syncytial virus a/b multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay and its use during the 2009 h1n1 swine-origin influenza virus epidemic in milwaukee, wisconsin. | rapid, semiautomated, and fully automated multiplex real-time rt-pcr assays were developed and validated for the detection of influenza (flu) a, flu b, and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) from nasopharyngeal specimens. the assays can detect human h1n1, h3n2, and swine-origin (s-oiv) h1n1 flu a viruses and were effectively used to distinguish flu a infections (of all subtypes) from flu b and rsv infections during the current s-oiv outbreak in milwaukee, wi. the analytical limits of detection we ... | 2010 | 19959800 |
| detection of various respiratory viruses in patients with influenza-like illness before and after emergence of the 2009 pandemic h1n1 influenza virus in okinawa. | 2011 | 21266765 | |
| simultaneous detection of influenza virus type b and influenza a virus subtypes h1n1, h3n2, and h5n1 using multiplex real-time rt-pcr. | use of multiplex real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the simultaneous detection of influenza type b virus and influenza a virus subtypes h5n1, h3n2, and h1n1 has been described. the method exhibited a high specificity and sensitivity of approximately 10(1)-10(2) copies per microliter or 10(-3)-10(-2) tcid50/l for each subtype, as well as a high reproducibility with coefficient of variation (cv) ranging from 0.27% to 4.20%. the assays can be performed commendabl ... | 2011 | 21400097 |
| low immunogenicity of seasonal trivalent influenza vaccine among patients receiving docetaxel for a solid tumour: results of a prospective pilot study. | background:patients receiving cytotoxic therapy for solid tumours are at risk of severe influenza. however, few data are available regarding the immunogenical efficacy of influenza vaccine in these patients.methods:in this prospective study, 25 patients with breast (n=13) or prostate (n=12) cancer received a trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine along with docetaxel (taxotere) administration. the influenza virus type a and b antibody titres were measured using haemagglutinin inhibition (garten ... | 2011 | 21540859 |
| molecular docking, 3d-qsar studies and in-silico adme prediction of p-aminosalicylic acid derivatives as neuraminidase inhibitors. | neuraminidase (na) is a major glycoprotein of influenza virus which is essential for viral infection. it offers a potential target for antiviral drug design and discovery. in order to develop novel potent na inhibitors, surflex-dock was employed to dock 40 hydrophobic p-aminosalicylic acid derivatives into the active site of na. the 3d-qsar studies involving comfa and comsia were carried out on 40 molecules. both comfa (q(2) = 0.628, r(2) = 0.697) and comsia (q(2) = 0.746, r(2) = 0.816) gave rea ... | 2011 | 21752201 |