Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| is transfusion-transmitted dengue fever a potential public health threat? | dengue is an arboviruses due to single-stranded enveloped ribonucleic acid viruses, named dengue viruses (denv), that include four serotypes and are mainly transmitted via the bite of mosquitoes of the genus aedes (a. aegypti and a. albopictus). the distribution of the disease was historically limited to intertropical areas; however, during the last thirty years, the perimeter of the disease extended considerably and temperate areas are now at risk of outbreaks. the present global burden of deng ... | 0 | 25964876 |
| dengue: a growing menace -- a snapshot of recent facts, figures & remedies. | dengue is specially owing to inadequate water supply and poor solid waste management , which are favorable for multiplication of the main vectors including the aedes ageypti coupled with lack of proven anti viral therapy and no proven efficient vaccine .there are many cases of both dengue shock syndrome and dengue haemmorhagic fever making it a major public health burden sending ominous signal resulting both rising morbidity & mortality, deleterious effect on daly [disability adjusted life year] ... | 0 | 23847455 |
| epidemiological assessment of continuing transmission of lymphatic filariasis in samoa. | ongoing transmission of lymphatic filariasis (lf) was assessed in five samoan villages by measuring microfilaraemia (mf), circulating filarial antigen (cfa) and antibody prevalence. compared to the other villages, fasitoo-tai had a significantly higher mf prevalence (3·2%), cfa prevalence (14·6%) and antibody prevalence in children (62·0%) (p<0·05). puapua had a significantly lower cfa prevalence (2·5%), no detectable mf-positive individuals and significantly low antibody prevalence in children ... | 0 | 22325816 |
| relevance of the eosinophil blood count in bancroftian filariasis as a screening tool for the treatment. | lymphatic filariasis constitutes a major public health issue in french polynesia. diagnosis has been revolutionized with the availability of circulating filarial antigen (cfa) tests which are easy to perform but are costly. filariasis is responsible for acquired eosinophilia and eosinophil blood count (ebc) is commonly used as a screening tool. | 0 | 23683336 |
| knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding vector-borne diseases in western jamaica. | outbreaks of vector-borne diseases (vbds) such as dengue and malaria can overwhelm health systems in resource-poor countries. environmental management strategies that reduce or eliminate vector breeding sites combined with improved personal prevention strategies can help to significantly reduce transmission of these infections. | 0 | 27036722 |
| estimation of population size and dispersal of aedes polynesiensis on toamaro motu, french polynesia. | mark-release-recapture methods were used to compare aedes polynesiensis marks adult numbers and dispersal between dry and wet seasons in a closed population on a small island (motu) in french polynesia. females were more than three times more common during wet (december 2008) than dry (may 2007) season samplings although high numbers of vectors were collected during both seasons. lincoln-petersen estimates for ae. polynesiensis females on the motu were 6,055 per hectare for the dry season and 18 ... | 0 | 23025176 |
| species interactions among larval mosquitoes: context dependence across habitat gradients. | biotic interactions involving mosquito larvae are context dependent, with effects of interactions on populations altered by ecological conditions. relative impacts of competition and predation change across a gradient of habitat size and permanence. asymmetrical competition is common and ecological context changes competitive advantage, potentially facilitating landscape-level coexistence of competitors. predator effects on mosquito populations sometimes depend on habitat structure and on emerge ... | 0 | 19067629 |
| human and animal dirofilariasis: the emergence of a zoonotic mosaic. | dirofilariasis represents a zoonotic mosaic, which includes two main filarial species (dirofilaria immitis and d. repens) that have adapted to canine, feline, and human hosts with distinct biological and clinical implications. at the same time, both d. immitis and d. repens are themselves hosts to symbiotic bacteria of the genus wolbachia, the study of which has resulted in a profound shift in the understanding of filarial biology, the mechanisms of the pathologies that they produce in their hos ... | 0 | 22763636 |
| digital image analysis to estimate numbers of aedes eggs oviposited in containers. | monitoring reproductive rates in experiments involving aedine mosquitoes is tedious and time demanding. here, we demonstrate a protocol for rapid estimation of aedine mosquito egg number. the protocol uses imagej, a publicly available image analysis program developed at the u.s. national institutes of health. the method relies upon the oviposition behavior of aedes (i.e., ovipositing on a moist substrate instead of water surface) and upon the contrast between dark-colored aedine eggs and a light ... | 0 | 19181055 |
| population dynamics. | this chapter reviews aspects of population dynamics that may be conceptually important for biological control of mosquitoes. density dependent population regulation among immature stages has important implications for biological control of mosquito populations, primarily because it can lead to compensatory or overcompensatory mortality due to additions of a biological control agent. this can result in control efforts leading to no change in the target population, or actual increases in the targe ... | 0 | 17853611 |
| competitive displacement and reduction. | 0 | 17853612 | |
| acoustic communication in insect disease vectors. | acoustic signalling has been extensively studied in insect species, which has led to a better understanding of sexual communication, sexual selection and modes of speciation. the significance of acoustic signals for a blood-sucking insect was first reported in the xix century by christopher johnston, studying the hearing organs of mosquitoes, but has received relatively little attention in other disease vectors until recently. acoustic signals are often associated with mating behaviour and sexua ... | 0 | 24473800 |
| monitoring temporal abundance and spatial distribution of aedes polynesiensis using bg-sentinel traps in neighboring habitats on raiatea, society archipelago, french polynesia. | adult numbers and sizes of mosquitoes were monitored for 2 yr in neighboring habitats on the western coast of raiatea (society archipelago) in anticipation of testing new vector control technologies. aedes polynesiensis marks females comprised the overwhelming majority (approximately 99%) of the three species of mosquitoes captured in biogent sentinel traps placed at fixed sites on three small satellite islands (motus) of the western lagoon and on the shoreline of raiatea. aedes polynesiensis ma ... | 0 | 22308771 |
| male mosquitoes make waves in paradise. | 0 | 23816506 | |
| competitive reduction by satyrization? evidence for interspecific mating in nature and asymmetric reproductive competition between invasive mosquito vectors. | abstract. upon mating, male mosquitoes transfer accessory gland proteins (acps) that induce refractoriness to further mating in females. this can also occur because of cross-insemination by males of related species, a process known as mating interference (satyrization). this mechanism could explain the competitive displacement of resident aedes aegypti by the invasive aedes albopictus where they co-occur. we tested this hypothesis in mosquito populations in florida. a new polymerase chain reacti ... | 0 | 21813845 |
| dry season production of filariasis and dengue vectors in american samoa and comparison with wet season production. | aedes polynesiensis and ae. aegypti breeding site productivity in two american samoa villages were analyzed during a dry season survey and compared with a wet season survey. both surveys identified similar container types producing greater numbers of pupae, with buckets, drums, and tires responsible for > 50% of aedes pupae during the dry season. the prevalence of containers with ae. polynesiensis and the density of ae. polynesiensis in discarded appliances, drums, and discarded plastic ice crea ... | 0 | 19996430 |
| assessment of geographic and host-associated population variations of the carob moth, ectomyelois ceratoniae, on pomegranate, fig, pistachio and walnut, using aflp markers. | the carob moth, ectomyelois ceratoniae (zeller 1839) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) is the most important pest of pomegranate, punica granatum l. (myrtales: ponicaceae), in iran. in this study, 6 amplified fragment length polymorphism primer combinations were used to survey the genetic structure of the geographic and putative host-associated populations of this pest in iran. an amova was performed on test populations. pairwise differences, mantel test, multidimensional analysis, cluster analysis and m ... | 0 | 20345296 |
| unfulfilled potential: using diethylcarbamazine-fortified salt to eliminate lymphatic filariasis. | fortifying salt with diethylcarbamazine (dec) is a safe, low-cost and effective strategy to eliminate transmission of lymphatic filariasis. dec-fortified salt has been used successfully in pilot projects in several countries and has been used operationally by china to eliminate lymphatic filariasis. the successful use of iodized salt to eliminate iodine-deficiency disorders is encouraging; similarly, fortified salt could be used as a vehicle to eliminate lymphatic filariasis. despite the potenti ... | 0 | 17768503 |
| mosquito vitellogenin genes: comparative sequence analysis, gene duplication, and the role of rare synonymous codon usage in regulating expression. | comparative sequence analysis of mosquito vitellogenin (vg) genes was carried out to gain a better understanding of their evolution. the genomic clones of vitellogenin genes were isolated and sequenced from all three subfamilies of the family culicidae including culicinae (aedes aegypti, ochlerotatus atropalpus, ae. polynesiensis, ae. albopictus, ochlerotatus triseriatus and culex quinquefasciatus), toxorhynchitinae (toxorhynchites amboinensis), and anophelinae (anopheles albimanus). genomic clo ... | 0 | 20337554 |
| the transmission of dengue by aedes polynesiensis marks. | 1954 | 13197723 | |
| filariasis in american samoa. v. bionomics of the principal vector, aedes polynesiensis marks. | 1954 | 13197370 | |
| transmission of the virus of murray valley encephalitis by culex tarsalis coquillett, aedes polynesiensis marks, and a. pseudoscutellaris theobald. | 1956 | 13302203 | |
| the larval habitats of aedes polynesiensis marks in tahiti and methods of control. | 1958 | 13571567 | |
| culex fatigans from new-guinea and aedes polynesiensis from samoa as intermediate hosts of wuchereria bancrofti (periodic form). | 1959 | 13844805 | |
| some considerations relating to the role of culex pipiens fatigans wiedemann in the transmission of human filariasis. | this paper is concerned mainly with the relationship between microfilarial periodicity and vector periodicity. the so-called "non-periodic" pacific form of wuchereria bancrofti in fact shows a well-marked and relatively constant periodicity. the amplitude of this periodicity is low, which may account for the difficulty of detecting it in small clinical samples. the periodicity is well adapted to the biting cycle of aëdes polynesiensis, though less so than that of the "semi-periodic" brugia malay ... | 1962 | 13933891 |
| the laboratory transmission of coxsackie a6 virus by mosquitoes. | coxsackie a 6 virus, strain v 29, originally isolated from aedes polynesiensis in fiji, was found to survive in a. australis for 5 days after intrathoracic injection and for 6 days after feeding on viraemic mice, and in culiseta tonnoiri for 8 days after feeding.the virus level in both fed and injected mosquitoes fell steadily after infection and never exceeded the original level.no virus transmission was obtained in 46 successful second feedings on days 10-14 with a. australis, but three transm ... | 1970 | 4395729 |
| coelomomyces macleayae laird, a parasite of aedes polynesiensis marks in fiji. | 1970 | 5435806 | |
| mosquito-borne infections in fiji. iv. biting times for village mosquitoes and human filaria transmission potential of aedes polynesiensis and aedes pseudoscutellaris. | 1974 | 4455923 | |
| a field trial of competitive displacement of aedes polynesiensis by aedes albopictus on a pacific atoll. | prior laboratory studies and field observations suggested that it might be possible to reduce the size of the population of, or eliminate, aedes polynesiensis by the introduction of aedes albopictus. the former mosquito is the principal vector of nonperiodic filariasis caused by wuchereria bancrofti and the latter is a closely related species refractory to the development of human filariae. the practicability of such competitive displacement was studied by a field trial on a remote coral atoll w ... | 1976 | 1008133 |
| some observations on filariasis in western samoa after mass administration of diethylcarbamazine. | an extremely efficient diethylcarbamazine administration campaign to eradicate wuchereria bancrofti has been carried out in western samoa. the use of the membrane-filtration technique has shown that a large number of people exhibit extremely low microfilarial densities, often with less than 10 in 1 ml of venous blood. it was found that one of these low level microfilaria carriers readily infected the local vector aedes polynesiensis and that development took place to the infective stage. it was ... | 1976 | 1265818 |
| [a dengue epidemic at futuna]. | during an outbreak occuring in futuna (horne islands) from october 1976 to january 1977, ii strains quite similar to dengue virus type i were isolated from blood of patients in acute phase. immunitary responses were noted on 8/12 paired sera submitted to ih test; 4/17 serum samples showed antibody titer presumptive of a recent infection. entomological survey gave evidence that virus was transmitted by aedes polynesiensis and confirmed that futuna is free of a.e. aegypti; other species found were ... | 1978 | 755534 |
| [geographic variations of esterase isoenzymes in aedes polynesiensis marks]. | 1978 | 754657 | |
| [formal genetics of a locus of esterase isoenzymes in aedes polynesiensis marks]. | 1978 | 677953 | |
| the degree of susceptibility and levels of infection in ten different strains of aedes polynesiensis marks infected with subperiodic brugia malayi and brugia pahangi. | ten strains of aedes polynesiensis were infected with subperiodic brugia malayi and brugia pahangi. susceptibility to b. malayi ranged from 92.1--100%, and susceptibility to b. pahangi from 97.5--100%. further analysis showed significant differences in the numbers of third-stage larvae both between parasites and between strains within parasites. because of the high levels of susceptibility, it appears that ae. polynesiensis provides an even better laboratory model for vector-parasite studies tha ... | 1980 | 7435786 |
| transmission of ross river virus by aedes polynesiensis and aedes aegypti. | laboratory studies were carried out with two geographic strains of aedes polynesiensis and one strain of aedes aegypti to determine whether they could transmit ross river virus (rrv). both species were shown to be good vectors of rrv, but ae. polynesiensis was the most susceptible. ae. polynesiensis represents a new vector for this virus and the epidemiologic implications of rrv spread by both mosquito species are discussed. | 1981 | 7325287 |
| epidemic polyarthritis (ross river) virus infection in the cook islands. | an epidemic of ross river virus infection occurred in the cook islands early in 1980 and affected the majority of the inhabitants of rarotonga, the most populated island in the group. this represents the easternmost extension of the virus which, until 1979, was believed limited to australia, new guinea, and the solomon islands. the clinical manifestations of ross river disease, predominantly polyarthritis, did not differ significantly from those observed previously in australia. however, unlike ... | 1981 | 7325286 |
| [intake of microfilariae by the vector in the case of a low microfilareamia (author's transl)]. | the study of the intake of microfilariae of dipetalonema dessetae by aedes aegypti leads to two conclusions with respect to the microfilaraemia: --there is no concentration of microfilariae in the uptake of blood by aedes. --the microfilariae are nearly homogeneously distributed in the vertebrate host blood available to the vector for feeding. such a distribution of microfilariae in the cutaneous blood supply of the host gives the maximum chance for a mosquito to become infected when taking a bl ... | 1982 | 7200752 |
| linkage relationships of eleven enzyme loci in the aedes scutellaris group. | linkage relationships of 11 enzyme loci were determined in backcrosses between aedes polynesiensis and aedes kesseli. three linkage groups established were aat2-lap2-me-sex, cat-ao-pgm-idh2-est6, and gpi-odh-pgd. lap2 and cat have not been previously mapped in aedes. locus order and linkage groups were the same as those observed for seven loci mapped in aedes aegypti. the significance of the observed similarities in chromosome organization and differences in crossover values among closely relate ... | 1983 | 6670992 |
| genetics of speciation in the aedes (stegomyia) scutellaris subgroup (diptera:culicidae). 4. chromosomal relationships of aedes cooki with four sibling species. | morphology and behavior of chromosomes and development of testes and sperm were examined in hybrids from interspecific crosses involving aedes cooki and four sibling species of the aedes (stegomyia) scutellaris subgroup of mosquitoes. the degree of abnormality in hybrid spermatogenesis in interspecific crosses involving aedes cooki males and females of four sibling species paralleled the geographic distributions of these species and the genetic divergence indicated by other genetic studies. hybr ... | 1984 | 6733572 |
| low-density microfilaraemia in subperiodic bancroftian filariasis in samoa. | among microfilaria (mf) carriers of subperiodic bancroftian filariasis in samoa, the low-density level of microfilaraemia was defined as 1-20 mf/ml, and the occurrence of low-density carriers (90 in the present study) was analysed by age, sex, and village in relation to the microfilarial prevalence rate. the low-density carriers were more numerous among those under 20 years and over 60 years old than in other age groups. the ratio of low-density carriers to the total of mf-positive subjects in a ... | 1985 | 3914924 |
| filariasis transmission in samoa. i. relation between density of microfilariae and larval density in laboratory-bred and wild-caught aedes (stegomyia) polynesiensis (marks) and wild-caught aedes (finlaya) samoanus (gruenberg). | transmission experiments of laboratory-bred and wild-caught aedes polynesiensis and wild-caught ae. samoanus on carriers with different levels of microfilaraemia showed that the percentage of mosquitoes infected, the average number and range of larvae found in each infected mosquito were directly proportional to the microfilarial densities in the carrier at the time of feeding. there was no difference between the results for laboratory-bred and wild-caught mosquitoes. aedes polynesiensis fed on ... | 1985 | 3885880 |
| filariasis transmission in samoa. ii. some factors related to the development of microfilariae in the intermediate host. | the developmental period of microfilariae of sub-periodic wuchereria bancrofti in laboratory-bred aedes polynesiensis and ae. samoanus was shorter in the warm season (december to may) than in the cool season (june to november). in the warm season the microfilariae reached the 'sausage' stage in three days, cylindrical second stage in seven days and the infective stage in 12 days after the infecting meal. during the cool season the incubation period was extended to 14 days. microfilariae persisti ... | 1985 | 3885878 |
| [bancroftian filariasis in french polynesia. epidemiologic status and perspectives after a 35-year preventive campaign]. | the authors assess of three decades of struggle against bancroftian filariasis in french polynesia. wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica, aperiodic filaria, and aedes polynesiensis, mosquito with high parasitologic output, set up a cycle very well adapted to the polynesian environment; after numerous tests, the chemoprophylaxis with diethylcarbamazine (3 mg/kg/half-year) of all the exposed population has been decided, in association with methods of vector-control (use of predatory crustaceans). ho ... | 1986 | 3516427 |
| field trials of tolypocladium cylindrosporum against larvae of aedes polynesiensis breeding in crab holes in fiji. | the new zealand isolate of the entomopathogenic fungus tolypocladium cylindrosporum was field-tested against larvae of the crab hole breeding mosquito aedes polynesiensis. a reduction of approximately 87% was achieved in the larval populations of all crab holes treated with t. cylindrosporum by day 21 of spore application. however, the mosquito populations recovered to the pretreatment level within two months indicating that any residual activity of this pathogen was insignificant. | 1986 | 3507501 |
| distribution of vectors, transmission indices and microfilaria rates of subperiodic wuchereria bancrofti in relation to village ecotypes in samoa. | aedes polynesiensis and ae. samoanus biting densities and wuchereria bancrofti infection and infective rates were studied in 47 villages throughout the islands of samoa upolu, manono and savaii during 1978-79, and microfilaria (mf) rates were surveyed in 28 of the villages. the mf rate was correlated with both infection and infective rates of ae. polynesiensis in upolu, but not of ae. samoanus. in upolu, ae. polynesiensis was apparently the major vector. it was relatively more abundant in more c ... | 1987 | 3328328 |
| natural infections of wuchereria bancrofti in aedes (stegomyia) polynesiensis and aedes (finlaya) samoanus in samoa. | seven years after the 2nd mass treatment of the population with diethylcarbamazine, transmission of subperiodic wuchereria bancrofti was studied in four villages in samoa during one year by means of biting catches of aedes polynesiensis and a. samoanus. 2 villages were coastal, one inland bush and the other an inland coconut plantation community. overall infection and infective rates from 6702 ae. polynesiensis were 0.84 and 0.27% respectively, and the infection rate from 2858 ae. samoanus, coll ... | 1987 | 3328327 |
| the effect of brugia pahangi infection on survival of susceptible and refractory species of the aedes scutellaris complex. | life table statistics were used to examine the survival functions of filarial susceptible and refractory species of the aedes scutellaris (walker) group of mosquitoes, following infection with high and moderate doses of brugia pahangi (buckley & edeson). survivorship curves and hazard function curves were generated, and the median survival times and the proportions of mosquitoes surviving beyond the extrinsic incubation period of the parasite were determined. in the susceptible populations of ae ... | 1987 | 2979549 |
| vector competence of geographic strains of aedes albopictus and aedes polynesiensis and certain other aedes (stegomyia) mosquitoes for ross river virus. | the vector competence of geographic strains of aedes albopictus and ae. polynesiensis and fiji strains of ae. pseudoscutellaris and ae. aegypti was assessed for ross river (rr) virus, the etiologic agent of epidemic polyarthritis. strains of ae. polynesiensis from fiji, rarotonga, somoa and tahiti were the most susceptible to infection per os (mid50 less than or equal to 10(1.2) vero cell plaque-forming units [pfu]/blood meal). virus transmission data were variable, but all strains except the on ... | 1987 | 2849637 |
| ivermectin for treatment of bancroftian filariasis in french polynesia: efficacy in man, effect on transmission by vector aedes polynesiensis. | forty male polynesian w. bancrofti carriers with mf counts greater than or equal to 20/ml were treated with a single ivermectin 50, 100, 150 or 200 mcg/kg dose. following therapy, mf levels fell to less than 1% of pretreatment levels in the carriers treated with the 3 highest doses. after one month, negativation rate was 40% in patients treated with a 50 mcg/kg dose, significantly lower than in patients treated with higher doses. recurrence of microfilaremia was observed by 3 months, mf recurren ... | 1990 | 2255839 |
| [evaluation of larvicide susceptibility of culicidae in french polynesia]. | larval tests on 4th-stage aedes aegypti, aedes polynesiensis and culex quinquefasciatus of french polynesia, according to the who method, demonstrate susceptibility of these species to organophosphorous compounds and less susceptibility to insect growth regulators. | 1990 | 1976447 |
| cumulative mortality rates in aedes polynesiensis after feeding on polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers treated with single doses of ivermectin, diethylcarbamazine and placebo. | during a therapeutic trial, batches of 672 to 1979 laboratory-bred aedes polynesiensis, the mosquito vector of lymphatic filariasis in french polynesia, were fed on wuchereria bancrofti carriers one, three and six months after they had been treated with either single doses of ivermectin at 100 mcg/kg, diethylcarbamazine (dec) at 3 and 6 mg/kg or placebo. high mortality rates were observed during the 15-day period following the blood-meal in mosquitoes fed on carriers treated with microfilaricida ... | 1991 | 1796230 |
| single versus repeated doses of ivermectin and diethylcarbamazine for the treatment of wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica microfilaremia. results at 12 months of a double-blind study. | in october 1989, 58 apparently healthy polynesian wuchereria bancrofti carriers in whom microfilarial (mf) density was greater than or equal to 100 mf/ml were randomly allocated to treatment groups receiving single doses of either ivermectin at 100 mcg/kg or diethylcarbamazine (dec) at 3 and 6 mg/kg. six months later, half of the carriers initially treated with ivermectin 100 mcg/kg or dec 3 mg/kg were given a second similar dose while the rest were given a placebo. by day 360 (6 months after re ... | 1991 | 1796228 |
| oral infection of aedes polynesiensis by wuchereria bancrofti by using parafilm membrane feeding. | in order to construct a cdna library from third-stage larvae (l3) of wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica, the parafilm membrane feeding method is proposed for the oral infection of aedes polynesiensis. heparinized blood supplemented with 5.10(-3) m atp was put in the feeder with carbon dioxide provided as additional phagostimulant. the results of this artificial infection feeding method were compared with those obtained when mosquitoes fed directly on the forearm of a microfilaremic patient. the ... | 1991 | 1787414 |
| release of mesocyclops aspericornis (copepoda) for control of larval aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae) in land crab burrows on an atoll of french polynesia. | on tereia island, rangiroa atoll, 14,321 land crab burrows were treated with the copepod mesocyclops aspericornis from january to june 1986, to control larvae of aedes polynesiensis marks. in october 1987, the entire island of tereia was retreated (17,300 burrows), and the neighboring island, voisin, was left untreated as a control. from 5 to 15 mo after treatment, burrows with m. aspericornis contained an average of 2 ae. polynesiensis immatures compared with 97 immatures from untreated burrows ... | 1992 | 1495064 |
| mass chemoprophylaxis of lymphatic filariasis with a single dose of ivermectin in a polynesian community with a high wuchereria bancrofti infection rate. | in april 1991 supervised mass prophylaxis of lymphatic filariasis with a single dose of ivermectin, 100 micrograms/kg, was carried out in a polynesian village with a high infection rate of wuchereria bancrofti in humans and active transmission by the vector mosquito, aedes polynesiensis. of 876 inhabitants aged 3 years or more (pregnant women excluded), 864 (98.6%) were treated. simultaneously, venous blood samples were collected from 577 (97.5%) of the 595 inhabitants aged 15 years or more, of ... | 1992 | 1475825 |
| wuchereria bancrofti infection in human and mosquito populations of a polynesian village ten years after interruption of mass chemoprophylaxis with diethylcarbamazine. | in 1991, a study on wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae (mf) and infection rates was carried out in the human and mosquito populations of a polynesian village where, 10 years before, the mf prevalence rate was 6.4% and twice-yearly mass treatment with 3 mg/kg of diethylcarbamazine (dec) was interrupted. venous blood samples were collected from 575 (97%) individuals aged 15 years or more, of whom 122 (21.4%) were mf positive. the mf carrier prevalence rate was 27.4% in males, significantly higher ... | 1992 | 1440820 |
| natural infections of dirofilaria immitis in aedes (stegomyia) polynesiensis and aedes (finlaya) samoanus and their implication in human health in samoa. | dirofilaria immitis infections were observed in aedes polynesiensis and ae. samoanus in samoa, together with wuchereria bancrofti infections, in a study on sub-periodic bancroftian filariasis during 1978-1980. in the 4 indicator villages, the infection rate in ae. polynesiensis was 0.46% and the infective rate 0.09% (15,223 mosquitoes were dissected). the infection rate in ae. samoanus was 0.20% and the infective rate 0.08% (10,089 dissected). in 45 selected villages throughout the country, ae. ... | 1992 | 1440786 |
| the relative importance and distribution of aedes polynesiensis and ae. aegypti larval habitats in samoa. | in preparation for a filariasis control programme in samoa, during 1978 monthly larval surveys of the vector mosquito aedes polynesiensis were carried out in four study villages in the main island of upolu. a more extensive survey of larval habitat distribution was then made in twenty-two villages of upolu and eighteen of savai'i island, to determine the importance of habitat types according to their abundance, volume of water and whether their productivity was permanent or seasonal. ae.aegypti ... | 1993 | 8435486 |
| insecticide susceptibility in mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) from french polynesia. | susceptibility to six organophosphate (op), two pyrethroid (py), and one carbamate (c) insecticides was investigated in culex pipiens quinquefasciatus say, aedes aegypti (l.), and aedes polynesiensis marks larvae from the island of tahiti. cx. p. quinquefasciatus and ae. aegypti were compared with susceptible reference strains treated simultaneously. a low, but significant, resistance to bromophos (4.6x), chlorpyrifos (5.7x), fenthion (2.4x), fenitrothion (5.0x), temephos (4.3x) and permethrin ( ... | 1994 | 7966164 |
| wuchereria bancrofti (filariidea: dipetalonematidae) and its vector aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae) in a french polynesian village. | in march 1991, a study on wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold, 1887) infection rates in its vector, aedes polynesiensis marks, was carried out in a village of french polynesia. our data were collected 10 yr after the suspension of human mass chemoprophylaxis and served as a baseline for pending ivermectin treatment scheduled in 1991-1993. in total, 1,789 biting females were collected, of which 1,740 were dissected and 1,183 (68%) were parous. among these, 106 (8.96%) were infected with w. bancrofti an ... | 1995 | 7616526 |
| aedes albopictus and other aedes (stegomyia) species in fiji. | during an assessment of the dengue situation in fiji in early 1992, a house-to-house survey of container-breeding aedes was made. discarded tires and water drums were identified as key breeding sites for the 4 potential dengue vectors: aedes aegypti, aedes albopictus, aedes pseudoscutellaris, and aedes polynesiensis. aedes albopictus were detected on viti levu, vanua levu, and on taveuni. examination of early records and of used tire importation suggests entry into fiji after july 1985 but well ... | 1995 | 7595450 |
| variation in the vector competence of aedes polynesiensis for wuchereria bancrofti. | the vector competences of 6 geographic strains of aedes polynesiensis for wuchereria bancrofti were studied using two types of experimental infections. experimental infection of laboratory-bred mosquitoes fed on the carriers' forearms with different levels of microfilaraemia showed that microfilariae (mf) uptake was directly proportional to the carrier's mf density and, as mf densities decreased, concentration capacity of ae. polynesiensis increased. it was also shown that infection has an impor ... | 1995 | 7609987 |
| evaluation of entomopathogenic bacteria against aedes polynesiensis, the vector of lymphatic filariasis in french polynesia. | thirteen strains among 3 species of entomopathogenic bacteria were tested against 3 medically important mosquito species in french polynesia. two strains of bacillus thuringiensis were highly toxic to aedes polynesiensis, aedes aegypti, and culex quinquefasciatus. six of 7 strains of bacillus sphaericus tested were highly toxic to cx. quinquefasciatus but not to the aedes spp. clostridium bifermentans serovar. malaysia was more toxic to ae. polynesiensis than to the other 2 species. entomopathog ... | 1995 | 8825516 |
| behavior of wuchereria bancrofti (filariidea: onchocercidae) infective larvae in the vector aedes polynesiensis (diptera:culicidae) in relation to parasite transmission. | in french polynesia, aedes polynesiensis marks is the major vector of human filariasis caused by subperiodic wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold). factors affecting transmission of infective larvae from vector to humans were assessed. the 66-100% loss of infective larvae during a blood meal was independent of the initial vector parasite burden. infective larvae were able to migrate to the mouthparts during a blood meal. blood feeding by mosquitoes to repletion was one important aspect in the escape of ... | 1996 | 8699443 |
| a polymerase chain reaction assay to determine infection of aedes polynesiensis by wuchereria bancrofti. | the sensitivity of a previously described polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was improved to detect a single mosquito, infected by as few as 1-2 microfilariae of wuchereria bancrofti, among 20-50 uninfected mosquitoes. wild-caught aedes polynesiensis were used to compare assessment of infection by dissection of individuals with the pcr assay of pools of mosquitoes. the pcr assay was at least as sensitive as dissection for detection of mosquitoes infected with w. bancrofti. | 1996 | 8761572 |
| temperature thresholds and statistical modelling of larval wuchereria bancrofti (filariidea:onchocercidae) developmental rates. | developmental rates for wuchereria bancrofti larvae maturing in the vector aedes polynesiensis were estimated by analysing stage-frequency data consisting of counts of larval stages in mosquitoes reared at 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30 and 32 degrees c. base temperatures (i.e. low temperature thresholds) for w. bancrofti development were estimated by the x-intercept method and the model of lactin et al. (1995). resulting values were similar with both methods and were approximately 12.5 degrees c for mi ... | 1997 | 9051921 |
| multiplex polymerase chain reaction for detection of dirofilaria immitis (filariidea: onchocercidae) and wuchereria bancrofti (filarioidea: dipetalonematidae) in their common vector aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae). | in french polynesia, aedes polynesiensis (marks) is the vector of the human filarial parasite wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold) and dog heartworm, dirofilaria immitis (leidy). a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was designed to screen pools of field-collected ae. polynesiensis for the presence of both parasites simultaneously using primers specific for each parasite. the sensitivity of detection on purified dna was 1 and 10 pg, equivalent to 0.1 and 1 l3 larva per pool for w. bancroft ... | 1997 | 9439132 |
| aedes polynesiensis in the society islands: environmental correlates of isoenzyme differentiation. | isoenzyme genetic differentiation of aedes polynesiensis mosquitoes in raiatea island, french polynesia, was evaluated by two models of population structure based on seven gene-enzyme systems: ak, est, got, gpi, hk, mdh and pgm. the ecological model tested whether genetic differentiation is congruent with habitat differences. the isolation model evaluated whether genetic differentiation is proportional to geographical distribution. the ecological model found no significant differentiation betwee ... | 1997 | 9430114 |
| the immunodominant brugia malayi paramyosin as a marker of current infection with wuchereria bancrofti adult worms. | the full-length cdna sequence encoding brugia malayi l3 paramyosin has been isolated by immunoscreening a cdna library with a mouse antiserum raised against wuchereria bancrofti l3 infective larvae. a recombinant truncated form of paramyosin was expressed as a glutathione s-transferase fusion protein and used to evaluate humoral responses of adults from a w. bancrofti-endemic area in french polynesia according to their parasitological status. immunoglobulin g4 (igg4) preferentially bound to para ... | 1998 | 9596759 |
| effects of larval density on the size of aedes polynesiensis adults (diptera: culicidae). | replicated cohorts of a tahitian laboratory strain of aedes polynesiensis marks were reared at 3 larval densities with a fixed amount of food. for larvae provided with limiting per capita food (i.e., 400 larvae per pan with 500 mg liver powder) relative to standard rearing conditions (i.e., 200 larvae per pan), mean pupal survival as well as male and female mean adult dry weights were significantly reduced and median developmental times were significantly prolonged. however, excess per capita fo ... | 1999 | 10593069 |
| evolutionary relationships of endemic/epidemic and sylvatic dengue viruses. | endemic/epidemic dengue viruses (den) that are transmitted among humans by the mosquito vectors aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus are hypothesized to have evolved from sylvatic den strains that are transmitted among nonhuman primates in west africa and malaysia by other aedes mosquitoes. we tested this hypothesis with phylogenetic studies using envelope protein gene sequences of both endemic/epidemic and sylvatic strains. the basal position of sylvatic lineages of den-1, -2, and -4 suggested th ... | 2000 | 10708439 |
| spectrofluorometers are not adequate for aging aedes and culex (diptera: culicidae) using pteridine fluorescence. | attempts were made to use pteridine fluorescence levels as a tool for aging individual aedes polynesiensis marks and culex quinquefasciatus say mosquitoes. fluorescent pigments were extracted and quantified with techniques and apparatus (i.e., a spectrofluorometer) that can be used in developing countries or in field laboratories, and that has already given consistent results in similar studies on other insect groups. however, for ae. polynesiensis as well as cx. quinquefasciatus, individual flu ... | 2000 | 11004793 |
| ross river virus transmission, infection, and disease: a cross-disciplinary review. | ross river virus (rrv) is a fascinating, important arbovirus that is endemic and enzootic in australia and papua new guinea and was epidemic in the south pacific in 1979 and 1980. infection with rrv may cause disease in humans, typically presenting as peripheral polyarthralgia or arthritis, sometimes with fever and rash. rrv disease notifications in australia average 5,000 per year. the first well-described outbreak occurred in 1928. during world war ii there were more outbreaks, and the name ep ... | 2001 | 11585790 |
| the impact of 34 years of massive dec chemotherapy on wuchereria bancrofti infection and transmission: the maupiti cohort. | semi-annual mass dec chemotherapy combined with vector control at the beginning of the programme, has been administered on the remote island of maupiti (french polynesia) since 1955 (except two periods in 1960-67 and 1970-74). the results of two surveys in 1985 and 1989, reporting 0% microfilaraemia, led to the hope that the eradication of lymphatic filariasis had been achieved. we combined parasitological criteria (microfilaraemia by membrane filtration), immunological (antigenaemia and serum l ... | 2001 | 11299035 |
| ambient temperature effects on the extrinsic incubation period of wuchereria bancrofti in aedes polynesiensis: implications for filariasis transmission dynamics and distribution in french polynesia. | temperature effects on development of the human filarial parasite wuchereria bancrofti (cobbold) (filaridea: onchocercidae) in the main pacific vector aedes polynesiensis marks (diptera: culicidae) are analysed in relation to ambient climatic conditions. a statistical model of the extrinsic cycle duration as a function of temperature is described and used to distinguish three patterns of w. bancrofti transmission dynamics: continuous, fluctuating and discontinuous, occurring from north to south ... | 2001 | 11434550 |
| age-grading and growth of wuchereria bancrofti (filariidea: onchocercidae) larvae by growth measurements and its use for estimating blood-meal intervals of its polynesian vector aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae). | growth in length and width of wuchereria bancrofti (filariidea: onchocercidae) larvae developing in its polynesian vector aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae) was analysed using a mathematical approach to objectively extract patterns. l1 had a u-shaped growth in length, while widths followed an s-shaped function. l2 had an s-shaped growth in length and width. growth in length of l3 was also s-shaped, while widths had an asymptotic size following a period of rapid shrinkage. the greatest diff ... | 2002 | 12062489 |
| evaluation of insecticide impregnated baits for control of mosquito larvae in land crab burrows on french polynesian atolls. | land crab burrows are larval mosquito habitats of major significance in the pacific region. they are constituted by a sinuous tunnel leading to a chamber in contact with the water table, where mosquito larvae proliferate. controlling larvae in these sites is difficult, because the configuration of burrows prevents the use of standard techniques. an experiment was carried out in french polynesia to control aedes polynesiensis marks and culex spp. breeding in burrows of the land crab cardisoma car ... | 2002 | 12144299 |
| progress towards, and challenges for, the elimination of filariasis from pacific-island communities. | the pacific programme for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis (pacelf) - the first regional campaign to attempt to eliminate filariasis as a public-health problem - is using five, annual, mass drug administrations (mda) of diethylcarbamazine (dec) plus albendazole to stop transmission. in 2001, nine countries and territories covered by the programme had begun annual mda campaigns, with population treatment coverages ranging from 52% to 95%. by the end of 2002, it is anticipated that 11 count ... | 2002 | 12625919 |
| control of the aedes vectors of the dengue viruses and wuchereria bancrofti: the french polynesian experience. | in most of the 130 islands of french polynesia, the stenotopic mosquitoes aedes aegypti (the main local vector for the viruses causing dengue) and aedes polynesiensis (the main local vector of wuchereria bancrofti) share many breeding sites in water containers such as discarded cans, coconut shells, buckets and water-storage pots and drums. in addition to selective application of insecticides, non-polluting methods of controlling these mosquitoes have been evaluated during the last decade in two ... | 2002 | 12625924 |
| surveillance and behavioral investigations of aedes aegypti and aedes polynesiensis in moorea, french polynesia, using a sticky ovitrap. | the effectiveness of the sticky ovitrap was assessed for the container-breeding aedes aegypti and aedes polynesiensis in moorea, french polynesia. these mosquitoes are the primary vectors of dengue viruses and bancroftian filariasis, respectively, in the area. both ae. aegypti and ae. polynesiensis were collected in greatest numbers in sticky ovitraps baited with water or grass infusions rather than leaf infusions. sticky ovitrap collections were significantly higher for both species in the 12 h ... | 2004 | 15669377 |
| the relative attractiveness of carbon dioxide and octenol in cdc- and evs-type light traps for sampling the mosquitoes aedes aegypti (l.), aedes polynesiensis marks, and culex quinquefasciatus say in moorea, french polynesia. | two dominant day-biting pests and vector species on the island of moorea in french polynesia are aedes (stegomyia) aegypti (l.) and aedes (stegomyia) polynesiensis marks, major vectors of dengue viruses and wuchereria bancrofti, respectively. their surveillance is hindered by a relative lack of attraction to light traps, necessitating the undesirable use of human bait collections with the inherent risks of pathogen transmission. the effectiveness of cdc- and evs-type light traps baited with olfa ... | 2004 | 15707289 |
| assessing density dependence in the transmission of lymphatic filariasis: uptake and development of wuchereria bancrofti microfilariae in the vector mosquitoes. | understanding density dependence in the transmission of lymphatic filariasis is essential for assessing the prospects of elimination. this study seeks to quantify the relationship between microfilaria (mf) density in human blood and the number of third stage (l3) larvae developing in the mosquito vectors aedes polynesiensis marks and culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae) after blood-feeding. two types of curves are fitted to previously published data. fitting a linearized power curve t ... | 2004 | 15009446 |
| heads or tails: host-parasite interactions in the drosophila-wolbachia system. | wolbachia strains are endosymbiotic bacteria typically found in the reproductive tracts of arthropods. these bacteria manipulate host reproduction to ensure maternal transmission. they are usually transmitted vertically, so it has been predicted that they have evolved a mechanism to target the host's germ cells during development. through cytological analysis we found that wolbachia strains display various affinities for the germ line of drosophila. different wolbachia strains show posterior, an ... | 2004 | 15345422 |
| characterization of wolbachia infections and interspecific crosses of aedes (stegomyia) polynesiensis and ae. (stegomyia) riversi (diptera: culicidae). | prior studies have identified a complicated pattern of interspecific hybridization between members of the aedes (stegomyia) scutellaris (walker) mosquito group, which includes medically important vectors of bancroftian filariasis and dengue. here, we report that two members of the group, aedes polynesiensis marks and aedes riversi bohart & ingram, are both infected with intracellular wolbachia bacteria. sequencing of the wolbachia wsp gene demonstrates that the infections differ from each other ... | 2004 | 15535618 |
| population genetic structure of anopheles gambiae mosquitoes on lake victoria islands, west kenya. | understanding the genetic structure of island anopheles gambiae populations is important for the current tactics in mosquito control and for the proposed strategy using genetically-modified mosquitoes (gmm). genetically-isolated mosquito populations on islands are a potential site for testing gmm. the objective of this study was to determine the genetic structure of a. gambiae populations on the islands in lake victoria, western kenya. | 2004 | 15581429 |
| entomopathogenic fungi for mosquito control: a review. | fungal diseases in insects are common and widespread and can decimate their populations in spectacular epizootics. virtually all insect orders are susceptible to fungal diseases, including dipterans. fungal pathogens such as lagenidium, coelomomyces and culicinomyces are known to affect mosquito populations, and have been studied extensively. there are, however, many other fungi that infect and kill mosquitoes at the larval and/or adult stage. the discovery, in 1977, of the selective mosquito-pa ... | 2004 | 15861235 |
| intraspecific competition in the speckled wood butterfly pararge aegeria: effect of rearing density and gender on larval life history. | in insects, the outcome of intraspecific competition for food during development depends primarily upon larval density and larval sex, but effects will also depend on the particular trait under consideration and the species under study. experimental manipulations of larval densities of a madeiran population of the speckled wood butterfly pararge aegeria confirmed that intraspecific competition affected growth. as densities increased p. aegeria adults were smaller and larval development periods w ... | 2004 | 15861232 |
| [the history of lymphatic filarlasis control programme in french polynesia: lessons from a 50 years effort]. | with a mean prevalence of microfilariaemia superior to 15% in the four archipelagos of the territory french polynesia was confronted with a huge public health problem of wuchereria bancrofti - associated filarias during the 50s. supported by a strong us sponsoring, a large scale control campaign based on diethylcarbamazine (dec) distribution was launched and led to the method of spaced doses (the most useful protocol being one annual dec dose). progressively applied to the whole polynesian popul ... | 2005 | 15915973 |
| detection and characterization of wolbachia infections in wuchereria bancrofti (spirurida: onchocercidae) var. pacifica and aedes (stegomyia) polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae). | despite control programs based on mass drug administration (mda) of microfilaricidal compounds, bancroftian lymphatic filariasis remains a problem in french polynesia. for an alternative strategy to mda, we investigated the potential role of wolbachia to control filarial transmission. wolbachia are intracellular alpha-proteobacteria endosymbionts that infect a broad range of insects and nematodes. these bacteria have a suspected role in the pathogenesis of filariasis. they also may be useful in ... | 2005 | 16103603 |
| effect of larval crowding on mating competitiveness of anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. | the success of sterile or transgenic anopheles for malaria control depends on their mating competitiveness within wild populations. current evidence suggests that transgenic mosquitoes have reduced fitness. one means of compensating for this fitness deficit would be to identify environmental conditions that increase their mating competitiveness, and incorporate them into laboratory rearing regimes. | 2005 | 16197541 |
| aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes polynesiensis marks (diptera: culicidae) in moorea, french polynesia: a study of adult population structures and pathogen (wuchereria bancrofti and dirofilaria immitis) infection rates to indicate regional and seasonal epidemiological risk for dengue and filariasis. | populations of aedes aegypti (l.) and aedes polynesiensis (marks) on moorea island, french polynesia, the local vectors of dengue and filariasis, respectively, were sampled by landing/biting collection at nine localities on the east, north, and west coasts, during the late dry season, early and late wet season (september-may) 2003 and 2004, to investigate epidemiologically important features of the populations and compare them between regions and months. biting rates of both species tended to in ... | 2005 | 16465747 |
| population differentiation and wolbachia phylogeny in mosquitoes of the aedes scutellaris group. | mosquito species of the aedes (stegomyia) scutellaris (walker) group (diptera: culicidae) are distributed across many islands of the south pacific and include major regional vectors of filariasis, such as aedes polynesiensis (marks). analysis of populations of ae. polynesiensis at the extremes of its range, from fiji and from moorea, french polynesia, using the rdna its2 (internal transcribed spacer 2) region and six microsatellite markers showed considerable genetic differentiation between them ... | 2005 | 15752179 |
| effects of larval density and predation by toxorhynchites amboinensis on aedes polynesiensis (diptera: culicidae) developing in coconuts. | organisms manipulated as biological control agents of disease vectors should tolerate ranges of developmental conditions exploited by their target species. furthermore, they should reduce numbers of host-seeking vector adults without providing fitness benefits to larval survivors developing among fewer competitors. we studied electrochemistry in rat-chewed coconuts, an important developmental habitat used by aedes polynesiensis, a vector of lymphatic filariasis. we also studied the effects of la ... | 2005 | 16506567 |
| ecology of invasive mosquitoes: effects on resident species and on human health. | investigations of biological invasions focus on patterns and processes that are related to introduction, establishment, spread and impacts of introduced species. this review focuses on the ecological interactions operating during invasions by the most prominent group of insect vectors of disease, mosquitoes. first, we review characteristics of non-native mosquito species that have established viable populations, and those invasive species that have spread widely and had major impacts, testing wh ... | 2005 | 17637849 |
| ross river virus disease reemergence, fiji, 2003-2004. | we report 2 clinically characteristic and serologically positive cases of ross river virus infection in canadian tourists who visited fiji in late 2003 and early 2004. this report suggests that ross river virus is once again circulating in fiji, where it apparently disappeared after causing an epidemic in 1979 to 1980. | 2005 | 15829203 |
| pcr and dissection as tools to monitor filarial infection of aedes polynesiensis mosquitoes in french polynesia. | entomological methods may provide important tools for monitoring the transmission of filariasis in french polynesia. in order to standardize our pcr method and refine our protocol to assess filarial infection levels in mosquitoes, we compared dissection of the vector, aedes polynesiensis, with the poolscreening polymerase chain reaction (ps-pcr) assay. | 2006 | 16504131 |
| the argument for integrating vector control with multiple drug administration campaigns to ensure elimination of lymphatic filariasis. | there is a danger that mass drug administration campaigns may fail to maintain adequate treatment coverage to achieve lymphatic filariasis elimination. hence, additional measures to suppress transmission might be needed to ensure the success of the global program for the elimination of lymphatic filariasis. | 2006 | 16914040 |
| productivity of natural and artificial containers for aedes polynesiensis and aedes aegypti in four american samoan villages. | six mosquito species were identified in a survey of containers associated with 347 households in four villages in american samoa. aedes polynesiensis marks (diptera: culicidae) and aedes aegypti (l) were the most abundant species, representing 57% and 29% of the mosquitoes identified. culex quinquefasciatus (say), culex annulirostris (skuse), aedes oceanicus (belkin) and toxorhynchites amboinensis (doleschall) were also found. aedes aegypti and ae. polynesiensis showed distinct differences in th ... | 2007 | 17373943 |
| vector control complements mass drug administration against bancroftian filariasis in tirukoilur, india. | to determine the role of vector control in further decreasing the transmission of bancroftian filariasis achieved by mass drug administration and the long-term impact on filariometric indices. | 2007 | 17308735 |
| persistence of brugia malayi dna in vector and non-vector mosquitoes: implications for xenomonitoring and transmission monitoring of lymphatic filariasis. | xenomonitoring (detection of filarial larvae or their dna in mosquitoes) is a sensitive marker for assessing the endemicity of filariasis and a useful tool for evaluating elimination programs. to examine the fate of microfilariae (mf) and filarial dna in vector competent and non-competent mosquito strains, we compared the detection of brugia malayi parasites by dissection and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in three different mosquito strains. we conclude that pcr is mu ... | 2007 | 17360875 |