Publications

mycotic keratitis by drechslera spicifera.	the drechslera state of cochiobolus spicifer, nelson 1964, was isolated from a case of keratomycosis. the patient, a 19 year old man, showed a large corneal ulcer with hypopyon associated with the introduction of dust. the direct examination of several scrapings revealed dark-brown hyphae. this species has been reported as a casual agent of a nodular granulomatous mass in the foot of a cat and in the skin of a horse.	1975	1241465
equine phaeohyphomycosis caused by drechslera spicifera.		1975	1139537
phaeohyphomycosis caused by drechslera spicifera in a cat.	a slowly evolving subcutaneous mycosis in a 10-year-old domestic shorthair cat was found to be caused by drechslera spicifera, the imperfect state of ascomycete cochliobolus spicifer. the cat had circular, nodular, granulomatous lesions over its sternum. scattered individual and small groups of septate hyphae and chlamydospores were found in histologic sections. many of the hyphae also had bizarre dilatations. most of the fungal elements were hyaline; a few, however, were dematiacious. because t ...	1975	1112738
[chemical and enzymatic degradation of helminthosporium spiciferum cell walls. protective role of pigments].	cell walls of the fungus helminthosporium spiciferum, prepared by mechanical grinding of the cells, were treated chemically and with helicase. the purified cell walls and the fractions were analyzed chemically and micromorphologically to localize the major cell-wall constituents and to determine the protective role of the pigments against degradative processes. the encrusting of the external area by the pigments associated with chitin formation leads to an increased resistance of this cell-wall ...	1976	986865
helminthosporium speciferum as the cause of dermal and nasal maduromycosis in a cow.	a 4-year-old santa gertrudis cow had epistaxis and loud nasal sounds associated with nasal granulomas. multiple cutaneous granulomatous nodules were on the ears and single ones on the tail, vulva and thigh. helminthosporium sp. was isolated from cultured lesions; two isolates from the ear and nasal mucosa were identified as h. speciferum. tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin contained rounded forms ranging from 5x5 micronm to 12x19 micronm; an indistinct hyaline wall surrounded gra ...	1977	870286
primary cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis caused by drechslera spicifera.	a primary cutaneous lesion in a 5-year-old boy who had recently received chemotherapy for acute lymphocytic leukemia was found to be caused by a dematiaceous fungus, drechslera spicifera. the lesion was an erythematous macule that rapidly developed necrotic ulcerations. the fungus, which is commonly found in soil and as a plant pathogen, was isolated from cultures of the lesion and from an excisional biopsy specimen. hyphae and swollen hyphal cells resembling chlamydospores were observed in the ...	1977	559473
cellulose-decomposing fungi of salt marshes in egypt.	seventy-five species and three varieties which belong to thirty-four genera were identified from 74 soil samples collected from salt marshes in egypt. the most frequent fungi were aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus niger, cladosporium herbarum and alternatia alternata, followed by aspergillus terreus, curvularia spicifera and penicillium notatum. six genera were of moderate occurrence: penicillium, fusarium, curvularia, rhizopus, stachybotrys, and chaetomium. five genera were of low occurrence: ...	1978	624509
effect of some medicaments on the oxygen uptake of the spores of some soil fungi.	nystatin, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, captan, indoleacetic acid, and colchicin were tested in two concentrations for their effect on the oxygen uptake of the spores of mucor racemosus, cladosporium tenuissimum, cochliobolus spicifer, and macrophomina phaseoli. nystatin and captan inhibited the oxygen uptake of the spores of all fungi used, and this inhibitory effect increases with increasing concentration. on the other hand, riboflavin, ascorbic acid, indoleacetic acid, and colchicin were found t ...	1979	494856
determining the kinetic behaviour for the secretion of milk toxin as related to dosage level of aflatoxin b1.	39 species which belong to 14 genera were isolated from 110 milk samples collected from different dairy sources at assiut city. the most frequent fungi were a. niger, a flavus and clasdosporium cladosporioides, followed by curvularia spicifera and penicillium corylophilum. the remaining species were of rare occurrence. the fluorescence-method for detecting aflatoxin-producing strains demonstrated the presence of two isolates namely a. flavus possesses this property. one of these toxic isolates w ...	1981	6794233
peritonitis due to drechslera spicifera complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.		1981	7193426
phaeohyphomycosis of brain: granulomatous encephalitis caused by drechslera spicifera.	drechslera spicifera is a dematiaceous fungus which occurs widely in nature but only rarely has been implicated in animal and human infections. previous infections have occurred in superficial and subcutaneous sites or were encountered in immunologically compromised hosts. this report documents a case of granulomatous encephalitis due to drechslera spicifera in an immunologically competent woman with no known underlying disease, from whom the fungus was isolated. animal pathogenicity studies in ...	1982	6176114
fungal peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.	fungal peritonitis is a rare complication in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. we report five recent cases and their management. the fungi isolated were candida albicans, c. parapsilosis, exophiala jeanselmei, drechslera spicifera, and a fusarium species. chemotherapy was attempted with various regimens including oral ketoconazole, intravenous or intraperitoneal amphotericin b, and oral flucytosine. pharmacokinetic studies were done in two patients receiving treatment with o ...	1983	6351688
fungi from otitis media of agricultural field workers.	twenty four fungi were isolated from ear wax or otitis media of agricultural field workers, of which 18 are being reported for the first time from india. direct observation, revealed the presence of hyphal fragments, spores of alternaria, bipolaris, conidial head of aspergillus, smut teliospores and pollen. spores of only four fungi, alternaria humicola, aspergillus niveus, bipolaris spicifera and fusarium moniliforme germinated in otitis media at 37 degrees c, and their germination was affected ...	1984	6527698
composition of the fungal flora of four cereal grains in saudi arabia.	using the grain-plate method and on glucose- czapek 's agar at 28 degrees c, fifty-eight species belonging to 26 genera were collected from barley (42 species and 19 genera), maize (29 species and 16 genera), sorghum (32 species and 17 genera) and wheat grains (42 species and 18 genera). the most frequent genera were aspergillus, penicillium, rhizopus, fusarium, and mucor followed by alternaria, drechslera , and curvularia. from the preceding genera aspergillus flavus, a. niger, penicillium nota ...	1984	6727980
phaeohyphomycosis of the maxilloethmoid sinus caused by drechslera spicifera: a new fungal pathogen.	"phaeohyphomycosis" refers to soft tissue and systemic infections caused by dematiacious septate fungi. drechslera spicifera, a dematiacious fungus, rarely pathogenic in humans was found to cause maxilloethmoid sinus disease in two immunocompetent children. the clinical presentation was similar to noninvasive aspergillosis. intracavitary surgical excision without adjuvant chemotherapy resulted in apparent cure. the microbiologic and clinicopathologic aspects of this mycotic sinus disease are rev ...	1984	6717218
infections caused by drechslera species: case report and review of the literature.	organisms belonging to drechslera species are rare causes of human infection and are considered opportunistic pathogens. only 10 cases of human infection with these organisms have been reported in the literature; an additional case--that of a healthy young woman with chronic pansinusitis due to drechslera spicifera causing nasal obstruction and erosion of bone--is described herein. this case was managed successfully by means of surgical debridement and therapy with amphotericin b and ketoconazol ...	1985	3898309
mycotoxins producing fungi and mycoflora of air-dust from taif, saudi arabia.	using the dilution plate method, 70 species and 31 genera were collected from 20 dust samples on glucose (28 genera and 64 species) and cellulose czapek's agar (22 genera and 46 species) at 28 degrees c. the most common fungi were aspergillus niger, a. flavus, a. flavus var. columnaris, phoma glomerata, fusarium oxysporum, penicillium chrysogenum and mucor racemosus; and a. nidulans, phoma humicola, drechslera spicifera and stachybotrys chartarum on the two media, respectively. toxicity test sho ...	1985	3935928
phaeohyphomycosis complicating compound skull fracture.	intracranial infection is a well-recognized complication of compound skull fractures. in most cases various bacteria are identified as the etiologic agents. fungal infection complicating open head trauma is unusual. we describe a patient who contracted fatal meningoencephalitis due to drechslera spicifera, a rarely pathogenic soil saprophyte, after open head trauma.	1986	3952635
fulminant drechslera sinusitis in an immunocompetent host.	mycotic infections of the paranasal sinuses are rare. sinusitis caused by drechslera spicifera, a common saprophytic dematiacious fungus, has previously been reported in only three immunocompetent patients. aggressive growth characteristics were not described in any of these reports. the case of a young immunocompetent pregnant woman with fulminant sinusitis caused by drechslera spicifera is presented. the tumor, which invaded both orbits and the anterior cranial fossa, was rapidly progressive d ...	1988	3200078
cutaneous bipolaris spicifera infection.	bipolaris spicifera is a dematiaceous fungus that has rarely been reported to cause cutaneous infection in humans. a patient with leukemia was examined for a non-healing ulcer on her leg that developed following minor trauma. histopathologic study revealed groups of nonpigmented, septate fungal hyphae located predominantly in the necrotic ulcer base. cultures of a biopsy specimen yielded colonies that were gray to black with a black reverse. microscopic examination revealed dematiaceous, straigh ...	1989	2802647
phaeohyphomycosis of the nasal sinuses caused by bipolaris species.	phaeohyphomycosis of the nasal sinuses of three patients is reported. diagnosis is based on the laboratory findings of the biopsy tissue from the sinus lesions. all cases demonstrate a localized opportunistic infection caused by the dematiaceous fungus bipolaris spicifera.	1989	2633117
fungal flora associated with combine harvester wheat and sorghum dusts from egypt.	107 species and 8 species varieties belonging to 44 genera were collected from combine harvester wheat and sorghum dusts (35 genera and 91 species + 4 varieties) and from the atmosphere of their hay sites (26 genera and 69 species + 4 varieties) on glucose- and cellulose-czapek's dox agar at 28 degrees c and 45 degrees c. the mycoflora of wheat and sorghum dusts were basically similar on the two types of media and the most common fungi were: alternaria alternata, aspergillus flavus, a. fumigatus ...	1990	2266490
allergic bipolaris sinusitis: clinical and immunopathologic characteristics.	allergic aspergillus sinusitis was first reported in 1983. we present the first three cases of allergic fungal sinusitis caused by the black fungus bipolaris spicifera. the patients were young, atopic, and immunocompetent. all three patients demonstrated pansinusitis with nasal polyps and underwent multiple surgical procedures. pathologic features included a characteristic mucoid exudate containing eosinophils, charcot-leyden crystals, and fungal hyphae. in two cases there was bony erosion revea ...	1990	2312993
viability of fungal cultures maintained at -70 degrees c.	one thousand four hundred forty-seven clinical and environmental isolates of molds, yeasts, aerobic actinomycetes, and algae belonging to 164 genera (382 taxa) maintained on potato dextrose agar at -70 degrees c for periods ranging from 6 months to 13 years were subcultured and then incubated at 25 degrees c to determine their viabilities. thirty-three isolates, alternaria alternata (n = 1), apophysomyces elegans (n = 1), bipolaris spicifera (n = 1), blastomyces dermatitidis (n = 4), cokeromyces ...	1992	1572955
dual systemic mycosis caused by bipolaris spicifera and torulopsis glabrata in a dog.		1992	1448909
mycotic keratitis caused by bipolaris spicifera.		1992	1344166
phaeohyphomycosis caused by bipolaris spicifera: an informative case.	a case of phaeohyphomycosis caused by bipolaris spicifera involving the brain and sinuses is presented. the patient survived following surgery and ketoconazole therapy, which successfully treated both the sinus and the brain infections.	1992	1397201
fatal fungal endarteritis caused by bipolaris spicifera following replacement of the aortic valve.	a 73-year-old man presented to our hospital 5 months after a porcine replacement of an aortic valve with persistent fevers, meningoencephalopathy, and progressive renal failure; evidence of systemic emboli was found subsequently. the results of an exhaustive evaluation were negative except for two of 23 blood cultures that were performed; each of these two cultures yielded one colony of drechslera species (now known as bipolaris) on one plate. autopsy revealed a fungal vegetation (9.5 x 3.2 x 3. ...	1992	1554850
disseminated bipolaris infection in an asthmatic patient: case report.	we present the case of a patient with a history of asthma who developed cough and hemoptysis that were unresponsive to antituberculous therapy. chest roentgenography demonstrated right-sided collapse with consolidation and a pleural effusion. bronchial biopsy revealed fungal hyphae, and cultures later yielded bipolaris spicifera. in addition, weight loss and intractable hypotension in association with hyponatremia and elevated potassium levels suggested addisonian crisis, which was confirmed by ...	1993	8399876
fungal metabolite extracts active against phytopathogens.	the effectiveness of some genetically engineered microorganisms in the control of plant disease pathogens is widely acknowledged. these biopesticides, so far, pose less danger to the environment. however, little attention has been paid to the potential benefit of the use of exometabolites of some microorganisms in spite of their known activity and high biodegradability. a total of 1108 fungal metabolite extracts obtained from different strains of micromycetes cultured in two different liquid med ...	1994	7973617
new sources of cytochalasins a and b from dematiaceous hyphomycetes.	one hundred isolates of 27 species belonging to 13 genera of dematiaceous hyphomycetes were screened for production of cytochalasins a and b. most of these isolates (94) were obtained from assiut university culture collection, botany department, faculty of science, assiut university, egypt; three isolates from cbs, the netherlands; two isolates from dsm, germany; and one isolate from imi, uk. the results revealed that 10 isolates of six species representing five genera of fungi produced cytochal ...	1994	7765218
fungemia in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: new epidemiologic patterns, emerging pathogens, and improved outcome with antifungal therapy.	we characterized 27 episodes of fungemia in 22 children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). fungemia in these patients presented as a community-acquired infection in the setting of outpatient total parenteral nutrition or intravenous antibiotic therapy through a chronically indwelling central venous catheter (cvc). fungemia developed only in patients with cvcs (p < .001). non-albicans candida species, torulopsis glabrata, rhodotorula rubra, and bipolaris spicifera constituted 5 ...	1995	7795092
orbital involvement in allergic fungal sinusitis.	although allergic fungal sinusitis is a relatively common, noninvasive form of paranasal sinus mycosis, and despite frequent orbital involvement, there have been few reports of this condition in the ophthalmic literature.	1997	9400770
allergic fungal sinusitis in the southeastern usa: involvement of a new agent epicoccum nigrum ehrenb. ex schlecht. 1824.	alternaria alternata, aspergillus spp., bipolaris spicifera, curvularia lunata, epicoccum nigrum and fusarium solani were isolated repeatedly from groups of patients among 96 diagnosed with allergic fungal sinusitis (afs). epicoccum nigrum was obtained consistently from four patients, one of whom yielded mycelial masses consistent in morphology with e. nigrum. fifteen of the predominant fungi recovered from air samples from selected patients' residences included the same species isolated from th ...	1997	9467107
biodegradation of anthracene by soil fungi. groupe pour l'etude du devenir des xénobiotiques dans l'environnement (gedexe).	a selection of 39 strains of micromycetes known as good degraders of polychlorinated aromatic compounds, mostly isolated from soil and belonging to various taxonomic groups, have been investigated for anthracene degradation. toxicity and consumption assays, first evaluated on solid media, have not shown any toxicity of anthracene (1-100 mg.l-1) towards fungi. degradation of anthracene (10 mg.l-1) was then investigated in a liquid synthetic medium for 4 days and evaluated by hplc. among the 39 st ...	1998	9661278
evaluation and treatment of allergic fungal sinusitis. i. demographics and diagnosis.	few cases of allergic fungal sinusitis have been systematically evaluated to conclusively confirm working clinical, histopathologic, and serologic diagnostic criteria.	1998	9768578
in vitro antifungal activity of nikkomycin z in combination with fluconazole or itraconazole.	nikkomycins are nucleoside-peptide antibiotics produced by streptomyces species with antifungal activities through the inhibition of chitin synthesis. we investigated the antifungal activities of nikkomycin z alone and in combination with fluconazole and itraconazole. checkerboard synergy studies were carried out by a macrobroth dilution procedure with rpmi 1640 medium at ph 6.0. at least 10 strains of the following fungi were tested: candida albicans, other candida spp., cryptococcus neoformans ...	1999	10348760
fungal degradation of fluorene.	a selection of 30 strains of micromycetes known as good degraders of polychlorinated aromatic compounds, mostly isolated from soil and belonging to various taxonomic groups, have been investigated to degrade fluorene. toxicity assays, first evaluated on solid media, have shown high growth inhibition at concentrations above 0.001 g l-1 only towards 23% of strains. degradation of fluorene (0.005 g l-1) was then investigated in liquid synthetic medium for 2 days and evaluated by hplc. among the 30 ...	2000	10665449
bipolaris spicifera meningitis complicating a neurosurgerical procedure.	bipolaris spicifera, one of the darkly pigmented (dematiaceous) fungi commonly found in soil, is an uncommon cause of infection in humans and an unusual cause of meningitis and nosocomial infections. an 18-y-old boy who experienced meningitis with this micro-organism after acoustic neuroma resection was successfully treated with amphotericin b.	2000	10716091
medical treatment of allergic fungal sinusitis.	this review of allergic fungal sinusitis (afs) will enable the reader to (1) differentiate afs from the other forms of fungal sinusitis, (2) understand afs pathophysiology, (3) recognize afs clinical presentation, (4) prepare an effective treatment and follow-up strategy, and (5) avoid diagnostic and treatment pitfalls.	2000	10982214
disseminated bipolaris spicifera in a neonate.	we report a premature infant with disseminated fungal infection identified as bipolaris spicifera. the infant was born at 23 4/7 weeks' gestation, weighing 780 g. at day of life (dol) 7 erythematous areas on the back were noticed that progressed to black, necrotic skin lesions. a shave biopsy showed invasive fungal organisms that were identified by culture as b. spicifera. the lesions progressed despite aggressive surgical debridement and antifungal therapy. on autopsy, fungal organisms found th ...	2001	11593377
in vitro fungicidal activities of voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin b against opportunistic moniliaceous and dematiaceous fungi.	the nccls proposed standard m38-p describes standard parameters for testing the fungistatic antifungal activities (mics) of established agents against filamentous fungi (molds); however, standard conditions are not available for testing their fungicidal activities (minimum fungicidal or lethal concentrations [mfcs]). this study evaluated the in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of voriconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin b against 260 common and emerging molds (174 aspergillus sp. ...	2001	11230410
fungal rhinosinusitis: diagnosis and therapy.	fungal rhinosinusitis presents in five clinicopathologic forms, each with distinct diagnostic criteria, treatment, and prognosis. the invasive forms are acute fulminant, chronic, and granulomatous ("indolent") invasive fungal sinusitis. the noninvasive forms are fungal ball ("sinus mycetoma") and allergic fungal sinusitis (afs). afs is the most common form of fungal rhinosinusitis. patients with afs are atopic to aeroallergens including the involved fungal organism, immunocompetent, have nasal p ...	2001	11892045
effect of berberine and (+/-)-bicuculline isolated from corydalis chaerophylla on spore germination of some fungi.	berberine and (+/-)-bicuculline were isolated from roots and leaves, respectively, of corydalis chaerophylla. both were effective in vitro against spore germination of some plant pathogenic fungi (alternaria brassicicola, a. brassicae, a. cheiranthi, a. melongenae, a. solani, colletotrichum musae, c. falcatum, curvularia penniseti, c. lunata, c. maculans, c. pallescens, curvularia sp., erysiphe pisi, e. cichoracearum, erysiphe sp., fusarium udum, helminthosporium spiciferum, h. penniseti, h. fru ...	2002	12058395
conservation of xyn11a and xyn11b xylanase genes in bipolaris sorghicola, cochliobolus sativus, cochliobolus heterostrophus, and cochliobolus spicifer.	two types of xylanase gene, xyn11a ( xyl1) and xyn11b ( xyl2), were amplified by pcr and partially sequenced in four phytopathogenic species of the ascomycete fungal genus cochliobolus (anamorph genus bipolaris). three of the species, c. heterostrophus ( b. maydis), c. sativus ( b. sorokiniana), and bipolaris sorghicola (no teleomorph known), are interrelated; the fourth, c. spicifer ( b. spicifera), was found, through analysis of the 5.8s rna and internal transcribed spacer (its) sequences of i ...	2002	12192531
efficacy of alkaloid (-)-corypalmine against spore germination of some fungi.	inhibition activity of the alkaloid (-)-corypalmine on spore germination of plant pathogenic and saprophytic fungi (alternaria solani, a brassicicola, a. brassicae, a. melongenae, curvularia pallescens, c. lunata, c. maculans, curvularisa sp., colletotrichum sp., helminthosporium speciferum, h. frumentacei, h. pennisetti, heterosporium sp., penicillum sp., ustilago cynodontis) was determined. spore germination of all the tested fungi was inhibited, heterosporium sp. and ustilago cynodontis being ...	2002	12094740
bipolaris spicifera causes fungus balls of the sinuses and triggers polypoid chronic rhinosinusitis in an immunocompetent patient.	we report the rare case of a 19-year-old immunocompetent male suffering both from fungus balls of the sinuses and from chronic rhinosinusitis with massive polyposis. endoscopic sinus surgery revealed grayish brown necrotic masses embedded in viscous eosinophilic mucus. inoculated onto petri dishes, these masses as well as the mucus grew a dark pigmented fungus, which was identified as bipolaris spicifera.	2003	14532251
screening of middle ear effusion for the common sinus pathogen bipolaris.	recently, a third of middle ear effusions have been shown to harbor fungal dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). this suggests that fungi, in addition to being an important sinus pathogen, may also play an important role in acute and serous otitis media. bipolaris is an important sinus pathogen whose role in infections of the ear is unknown. in this study, we assessed if bipolaris dna was present in 19 middle ear effusions that were pcr positive for the presence of fungi. primer pair specific ...	2003	12582783
allergen detection from 11 fungal species before and after germination.	allergens dispersed by airborne fungal spores play an important but poorly understood role in the underlying cause and exacerbation of asthma. previous studies suggest that spores of alternaria and aspergillus release greater quantities of allergen after germination than before germination. it is unknown whether this is true of other allergenic fungi.	2003	12589346
fungal peritonitis caused by bipolaris spicifera.	an episode of fungal peritonitis was produced by bipolaris spicifera in a 3-year-old girl with chronic renal failure secondary to uremic-hemolytic syndrome and who was under treatment with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd). previously, an episode of purulent peritonitis caused by pseudomonas spp. had been treated successfully with combined antibacterial therapy for 10 days. microscopic and macroscopic examinations of the freshly collected purulent dialysate were negative for funga ...	2003	14725328
two plant alkaloids isolated from corydalis longipes as potential antifungal agents.	the alkaloids n-methylhydrasteine hydroxylactam and 1-methoxyberberine chloride were isolated from corydalis longipes. both alkaloids showed high efficacy individually (in concentration of 50-150 ppm) and also in a 1:1 mixture against spore germination of some fungi, viz. alternaria alternata, a. brassicae, curvularia maculans, curvularia sp., colletotrichum gloeosporioides, colletotrichum sp., helminthosporium speciferum, h. pennisetti, helminthosporium sp., and ustilago cynodontis. the antifun ...	2003	14976716
in vitro activity of anidulafungin against selected clinically important mold isolates.	in this study, we evaluated the in vitro activity of anidulafungin against selected mold isolates. anidulafungin showed promising activity against bipolaris spicifera, exophiala jeanselmei, fonsecaea pedrosoi, madurella mycetomatis, penicillium marneffei, phialophora verrucosa, pseudallescheria boydii, sporothrix schenckii, and wangiella dermatitidis.	2004	15105159
[a case of allergic fungal sinusitis caused by bipolaris spicifera].	we describe a case of allergic fungal sinusitis (afs) caused by bipolaris spicifera, the first case reported in japan. a 70-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of diplopia following bilateral nasal obstruction and discharge. radiological studies using computed tomographic scan showed a large soft tissue mass occupying the right frontal, bilateral ethmoid and sphenoid sinuses. he underwent drainage surgery and histopathological examination of the contents of the paranasal sinuses re ...	2004	15550922
hla-dqb1 *03 in allergic fungal sinusitis and other chronic hypertrophic rhinosinusitis disorders.	many common chronic inflammatory disorders have strong hla gene associations, particularly with mhc class ii. allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (afs) and hypertrophic sinus disease (hsd) are chronic sinonasal mucosal inflammatory disorders. allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, a disorder analogous to afs, was recently reported to have hla-mhc class ii associations.	2004	15577839
cutaneous bipolaris infection in a neutropenic patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.	bipolaris spicifera is a darkly pigmented (dematiaceous) fungus that uncommonly causes infections in humans. there are few cases of reported cutaneous bipolaris infection in the literature. we report a case of a five-year-old boy with b-precursor-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia who developed a cutaneous fungal infection on his left cheek histopathological and microbiological findings identified the fungus as bipolaris spicifera. surgical excision and systemic antifungal therapy are the mainsta ...	2004	16189723
nonpathogenic, environmental fungi induce activation and degranulation of human eosinophils.	eosinophils and their products are probably important in the pathophysiology of allergic diseases, such as bronchial asthma, and in host immunity to certain organisms. an association between environmental fungal exposure and asthma has been long recognized clinically. although products of microorganisms (e.g., lipopolysaccharides) directly activate certain inflammatory cells (e.g., macrophages), the mechanism(s) that triggers eosinophil degranulation is unknown. in this study we investigated whe ...	2005	16210651
bipolaris keratomycosis.	a case of mycotic keratitis caused by bipolaris spicifera is reported. the corneal ulcer developed after 1 week of treatment with corticosteroids and antibiotics. septate, branched, dematiaceous hyphal elements were detected in the corneal scrapings on two occasions and repeated cultures were positive for this fungus. the infection was resolved with natamycin and itraconazole although the corneal opacity remained and the patient is now waiting for a keratoplasty.	2005	16262886
[one case of allergic sinusitis due to bipolaris spicifera].		2005	16874977
allergic fungal sinusitis presenting with proptosis and diplopia: a review of ophthalmologic complications and treatment.	allergic fungal sinusitis is a noninvasive, but vigorous, inflammatory response to mold that occurs in immunocompetent patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyposis. it typically occurs in patients who have a history of atopic disease. occasionally, the patients with allergic fungal sinusitis present with ophthalmic signs and symptoms--most commonly proptosis and diplopia. we report the case of a 23-year-old man with right-sided proptosis, diplopia, and nasal obstruction. he had a history ...	2006	16598997
[one case of allergic sinusitis due to bipolaris spicifera].		2006	16759025
an expansive paranasal sinus tumour-like lesion caused by bipolaris spicifera in an immunocompetent patient.		2006	17163856
allergic fungal sinusitis caused by bipolaris spicifera and schizophyllum commune.	there have been very few reports in japan of patients with allergic fungal sinusitis (afs). we describe two cases caused by bipolaris spicifera and schizophyllum commune. the patients were a 70-year-old male (case 1) and a 55-year-old female (case 2). both presented with nasal obstruction and purulent nasal discharge. ct scans revealed each to have a soft tissue mass extending from the ethmoid sinus to the sphenoid sinus. in addition, pathological studies on the contents of the paranasal sinuses ...	2007	17710626
multicenter evaluation of a new disk agar diffusion method for susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi with voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin b, and caspofungin.	the purpose of this study was to correlate inhibition zone diameters, in millimeters (agar diffusion disk method), with the broth dilution mics or minimum effective concentrations (mecs) (clsi m38-a method) of five antifungal agents to identify optimal testing guidelines for disk mold testing. the following disk diffusion testing parameters were evaluated for 555 isolates of the molds absidia corymbifera, aspergillus sp. (five species), alternaria sp., bipolaris spicifera, fusarium sp. (three sp ...	2007	17428932
disseminated infection by bipolaris spicifera in an immunocompetent subject.	we report a case of disseminated infection due to bipolaris spicifera in an immunocompetent male. histopathological studies of lymph node, lung, and liver biopsy specimens showed a dark pigmented, granular fungal structure inside the granuloma. the disease was accompanied by the unusual feature of positive lupus anticoagulant in serum and low-density areas expanding along the portal vein in the liver. the disease responded to combination therapy with intravenous amphotericin b and voriconazole, ...	2008	18415844
[cutaneous bipolaris spicifera infection in a patient on systemic corticosteroids].		2008	18598805
antifungal activity of securinine against some plant pathogenic fungi.	the alkaloid securinine was assessed against spore germination of some plant pathogenic and saprophytic fungi (alternaria alternata, alternaria brassicae, alternaria brassicicola, curvularia lunata, curvularia maculans, curvularia pallenscens, colletotrichum musae, colletotrichum sp., erysiphe pisi, helminthosporium echinoclova, helminthosporium spiciferum, heterosporium sp.). spore germinations of all the tested fungi were inhibited. alternaria brassicicola, c. lunata, c. pallenscens and h. spi ...	2008	23990741
in vitro activities of isavuconazole against opportunistic filamentous and dimorphic fungi.	the in vitro activity of isavuconazole was compared to those of amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, and ravuconazole against 300 clinical isolates of pseudallescheria boydii, paecilomyces lilacinus, fusarium spp., bipolaris spicifera, curvularia lunata, alternaria alternata, exophiala spp., rhizopus arrhizus, mucor circillenoides, absidia corymbifera, blastomyces dermatitidis, histoplasma capsulatum and coccidioides posadasii. mics were determined by a broth ma ...	2009	19101837
allergic fungal sinusitis: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management.	allergic fungal sinusitis (afs) is a noninvasive form of fungal rhinosinusitis with an incidence of between 6 and 9% of all rhinosinusitis requiring surgery. regional variation in incidence has been reported, with the southern and southwestern us particularly endemic. patients with afs commonly present with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, inhalant atopy, elevated total serum immunoglobulin e (ige), and sinus-obstructing inspissates of a characteristic extramucosal 'peanut buttery' visc ...	2009	19330659
cerebral phaeohyphomycosis caused by bipolaris spicifera after heart transplantation.	phaeohyphomycosis is an increasingly recognized cause of brain abscess in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. we report a case of cerebral phaeohyphomycosis in a 55-year-old male heart transplant recipient caused by bipolaris spicifera. we review the literature regarding the pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of infections with dematiaceous fungi.	2011	21323827
corneal abscess caused by bipolaris spicifera.		2011	21623109
diversity of bipolaris species in clinical samples in the united states and their antifungal susceptibility profiles.	a set of 104 isolates from human clinical samples from the united states, morphologically compatible with bipolaris, were morphologically and molecularly identified through the sequence analysis of the internal transcribed space (its) region of the nuclear ribosomal dna (rdna). the predominant species was bipolaris spicifera (67.3%), followed by b. hawaiiensis (18.2%), b. cynodontis (8.6%), b. micropus (2.9%), b. australiensis (2%), and b. setariae (1%). bipolaris cynodontis, b. micropus, and b. ...	2012	23052310
isolation and molecular identification of keratinophilic fungi from public parks soil in shiraz, iran.	keratinophilic fungi are an important group of fungi that live in soil. the aim of this study was to isolate and identify keratinophilic fungi from the soil of different parks in shiraz.	2013	23956993
virulence of curvularia in a murine model.	we have evaluated the virulence of two clinically relevant species of curvularia; curvularia spicifera and c. hawaiiensis, using an experimental model of disseminated infection in immunocompromised mice. several inocula were tested over a range 1 × 10(3) -1 × 10(6) colony-forming units/animal. both species had a similar behaviour, producing a high mortality. tissue burden and histopathology studies demonstrated that lung was the organ most affected.	2013	23437873
development and characterization of simple sequence repeats for bipolaris sorokiniana and cross transferability to related species.	simple sequence repeats (ssr) markers were developed from a small insert genomic library for bipolaris sorokiniana, a mitosporic fungal pathogen that causes spot blotch and root rot in switchgrass. about 59% of sequenced clones (n = 384) harbored ssr motifs. after eliminating redundant sequences, 196 ssr loci were identified, of which 84.7% were dinucleotide repeats and 9.7% and 5.6% were tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeats, respectively. primer pairs were designed for 105 loci and 85 successfully ...	2013	23709521
fatal bipolaris spicifera infection in an immunosuppressed child.		2014	24493105
experimental treatment of curvularia infection.	we have evaluated the efficacy of amphotericin b, posaconazole, and voriconazole in immunosuppressed murine models of disseminated infection by curvularia spicifera and curvularia hawaiiensis. the 3 antifungals improved survival of mice in comparison to controls; however, only the 2 azoles were able to reduce significantly the fungal load.	2014	24938759
development of a multilocus sequence typing system for medically relevant bipolaris species.	multilocus sequence typing (mlst) is the gold standard genotyping technique for many microorganisms. this classification approach satisfies the requirements for a high-resolution, standardized, and archivable taxonomic system. here, we describe the development of a novel mlst system to assist with the investigation of an unusual cluster of surgical site infections caused by bipolaris spp. in postoperative cardiothoracic surgery (pocs) patients during january 2008 to december 2013 in the southeas ...	2015	26202112
unilateral renal phaeohyphomycosis due to bipolaris spicifera in an immunocompetent child - rare case presentation and review of literature.	phaeohyphomycosis refers to infections caused by phaeoid fungi that can have an aggressive course in normal hosts. we report a case of left-sided renal phaeohyphomycosis due to bipolaris spicifera in a 7-year-old immunocompetent male child. he presented with fever, dysuria, nausea, vomiting and flank pain. examination revealed tenderness at the left costovertebral angle. histological examination and culture of biopsy from left kidney and blood yielded the fungal pathogen bipolaris spicifera. his ...	2015	26058420
phylogenetic status of an unrecorded species of curvularia, c. spicifera, based on current classification system of curvularia and bipolaris group using multi loci.	a seed-borne fungus, curvularia sp. eml-kwd01, was isolated from an indigenous wheat seed by standard blotter method. this fungus was characterized based on the morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis. phylogenetic status of the fungus was determined using sequences of three loci: rdna internal transcribed spacer, large ribosomal subunit, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene. multi loci sequencing analysis revealed that this fungus was curvularia spicifera ...	2015	26539036
subcutaneous mycoses: an aetiological study of 15 cases in a tertiary care hospital at dibrugarh, assam, northeast india.	subcutaneous mycoses are a group of fungal infections of dermis and subcutaneous tissue which consist of sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, phaeohyphomycosis, hyalohyphomycosis, mycetoma, subcutaneous zygomycosis, rhinosporidiosis, lobomycosis and disseminated penicilliosis. a total of 46 consecutive patients with clinically suspected subcutaneous mycoses attending various departments of assam medical college and hospital were included in this prospective study to know the prevalence of subcut ...	2015	25596859
disseminated phaeohyphomycosis in a dog.	phaeohyphomycosis is a rare but emerging disease caused by dematiaceous fungi. here we describe the case of an immunosuppressed dog with disseminated phaeohyphomycosis secondary to bipolaris spicifera infection. regionally extensive infiltration of the paw pads, skin, myocardium, liver, renal interstitium and diaphragm was identified on histopathology. candida glabrata and fusarium oxysporum were also cultured from multiple sites post-mortem. the dog was treated with fluconazole, itraconazole, t ...	2017	28275534
fungitoxicity of organic extracts of ocimum basilicum on growth and morphogenesis of bipolaris species (teleomorph cochliobolus).	this study aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effects of various organic extracts of ocimum basilicum against some species of bipolaris and cochliobolus with gc-ms and hplc analysis.	2017	28718990
corneal ulcer due to a rare pleosporalean member of the genus bipolaris following cow tail injury to the eye: a case report and review of literature.	aspergillus and fusarium are the most common fungi causing mycotic keratitis. injury to the eye with vegetable matter, cow tail injury, long-term use of topical steroids are some of the risk factors for mycotic keratitis. there are few case reports of keratitis caused by bipolaris. the human pathogenic species in the genus are bipolaris spicifera, bipolaris hawaiiensis, bipolaris papendorfii, and bipolaris australiensis. most commonly reported keratitis is caused by b. hawaiiensis, followed by b ...	2017	28573998
exploring the potentials of lysinibacillus sphaericus za9 for plant growth promotion and biocontrol activities against phytopathogenic fungi.	there is an ongoing hunt for biologically active compounds that can combat phytopathogenic fungi and improve plant growth without causing any hazards to the environment. consequently the present study aims at deciphering the plant growth promotion and antifungal capability of lysinibacillus sphaericus za9. the bacterium was previously isolated and identified in our laboratory from maize rhizosphere using 16s rrna gene sequencing. the test bacterium l. sphaericus za9 was found to produce high qua ...	2017	28861045