Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| the toxicity of insecticides to larvae of the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). ii. maintenance of a toxic deposit in the field. | 1965 | 5854759 | |
| the toxicity of insecticides to larvae of the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). i. intrinsic toxicity and persistence. | 1965 | 5854758 | |
| biochemical and biological variation of cydia pomonella (codling moth) granulosis virus. | cydia pomonella granulosis viruses (cpgv) from three different sources were compared biochemically and biologically. restriction enzyme profiles of a cpgv isolated in mexico and propagated for 9 years in a laboratory in darmstadt, germany (cpgv-md) were compared with those of the same isolate propagated for 9 years at a berkeley, california, laboratory (cpgv-mb). only one of six enzymatic digests revealed a difference in the dnas, which were subsequently calculated to be 99.94% homologous. no di ... | 1983 | 18644273 |
| physical map of the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus genome and its relationship to the genome of cydia pomonella granulosis virus. | a physical map of the genome of cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus (cigv) was constructed for the restriction enzymes bamhi, ecori, kpni, ndei, nrui, saci and xhoi using hybridization techniques. the size of the viral genome was determined to be 112.4 kbp. a restriction fragment library covering almost the entire genome of cigv was constructed, and the position of the granulin gene was identified by cross-hybridization with granulin coding fragments of cydia pomonella granulosis virus (cp ... | 1992 | 1629693 |
| performance characteristics of a commercial controlled-release dispenser of sex pheromone for control of codling moth (cydia pomonella) by mating disruption. | performance characteristics of polyethylene tube dispensers containing a mixture of (e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (1), dodecan-1-ol (2), and tetradecan-1-ol (3) were evaluated for suitability as a mating disruptant for codling moth control. the rate of loss of pheromone component from a dispenser at any time was found to be described by the equation: -dp/dt=(k 1 k 2 +k d)p wherep is the amount of pheromone component in the dispenser well;t is time;k 1 is the ratio of the amount dissolved in the dis ... | 1992 | 24254866 |
| response of male codling moths (cydia pomonella) to components of conspecific female sex pheromone glands in flight tunnel tests. | in flight tunnel tests, the percentages of oriented upwind flights of male codling moths culminating in contacting a source of different compositions of female sex pheromone gland components were determined over a dosage range of 0.1-100,000μg. the following compositions were tested: (1) (e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol of 99.7% isomeric purity; (2) 1 + dodecanl-ol + tetradecan-1-ol; (3) 2 + decan-1-ol + (e)-9-dodecen-1-ol; and (4) an equilibrium mixture of 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol isomers (61%ee, 5%zz, 1 ... | 1993 | 24249237 |
| propheromones derived from codlemone. | tricarbonyl [(8,9,10,11-η-8,10-dodecadien-l-ol] iron and the corresponding acetate prepared from 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol or its acetate, comprise the protected double-bond system of the molecule. after coming in contact with ambient oxygen, the iron complexes in question slowly release the corresponding pheromones of, for example, the codling moth,cydia pomonella, and the pea moth,cydia nigricana in highe,e purity and amounts that are sufficient for pest monitoring. a simple dispenser for propherom ... | 1993 | 24248506 |
| an apoptosis-inhibiting baculovirus gene with a zinc finger-like motif. | spodoptera frugiperda sf-21 cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus mutants which lack a functional p35 gene undergo apoptosis, a type of programmed cell death. to identify p35-homologous genes in other baculoviruses, a. californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus dna containing a deletion in p35 was cotransfected into sf-21 cells along with genomic dnas from other baculoviruses. one of the viral dnas which were able to rescue wild-type infection was from cydia pomonella ... | 1993 | 8445726 |
| replication of cydia pomonella granulosis virus in cell cultures. | several primary cell lines that support the complete replication of cydia pomonella granulosis virus have been established from one culture of c. pomonella embryonic cells. virus passaged three times in cells and once in larvae showed no change in restriction enzyme fragment patterns. stages in virus replication observed by electron microscopy resembled those from in vivo studies. cell lines that were maintained at or below 21 degrees c retained susceptibility to virus over a period of 4 years w ... | 1993 | 8345351 |
| an apoptosis-inhibiting gene from a nuclear polyhedrosis virus encoding a polypeptide with cys/his sequence motifs. | two different baculovirus genes are known to be able to block apoptosis triggered upon infection of spodoptera frugiperda cells with p35 mutants of the insect baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv):p35 (p35-encoding gene) of acmnpv (r. j. clem, m. fechheimer, and l. k. miller, science 254:1388-1390, 1991) and iap (inhibitor of apoptosis gene) of cydia pomonella granulosis virus (cpgv) (n. e. crook, r. j. clem, and l. k. miller, j. virol. 67:2168-2174, 1993). using ... | 1994 | 8139034 |
| the granulin gene region of cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus: sequence analysis and phylogenetic considerations. | the nucleotide sequence of a 2.2 kb genome region of the baculovirus cryptophlebia leucotreta granulosis virus (cigv) encompassing the granulin gene and a second open reading frame, designated orf909, was determined. the putative granulin orf comprises 744 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide with a predicted m(r) of 29.3 k. the 5' leader of the granulin gene contains a canonical late baculovirus promoter (ataag) and differs only in two nucleotide positions from the sequence of cydia pomonella gra ... | 1994 | 7996162 |
| electrophysiological and field activity of halogenated analogs of (e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, the main pheromone component, in codling moth (cydia pomonella l.). | pest monitoring and control of the codling moth,cydia pomonella l., have been developed using the main pheromone component of this species, (e,e)-8,10-dodecadienol (codlemone). however, the activity of codlemone is not satisfactory for pest control by mating disruption. thus, we have synthesized halogenated analogs of codlemone to see if they could be used as new agents for pest control of the codling moth. their biological activity was measured by electrophysiological techniques. in eag screeni ... | 1994 | 24242106 |
| codling moth (cydia pomonella): disruptants of sex pheromonal communication. | in a small section of an apple orchard, six traps were placed each in control and test areas and baited with live virgin female codling moths. gray elastomer septa were used to dispense communication disruptants around the traps. dyed male codling moths were released in control and test areas, and the numbers of males captured in control and test traps were compared. in 1991, linear regression curves of percent communication disruption versus logarithm of dose were obtained for three composition ... | 1994 | 24241707 |
| egg dispersion in codling moth: influence of egg extract and of its fatty acid constituents. | codling moth females (cydia pomonella, lepidoptera: tortricidae) (cm) usually lay single eggs and have a tendency to disperse. in a first experiment we observed that single females exposed to 20 apples distribute their eggs regularly among apples, suggesting a dispersive oviposition behavior. in a dual-choice situation, isolated females avoided oviposition on areas of cardboard treated with a methylene dichloride egg extract at the dose of ca. 1.0 egg equivalent/cm(2). a strong avoidance was obt ... | 1995 | 24233903 |
| codling moth,cydia pomonella, (lepidoptera: tortricidae): is its sex pheromone multicomponent? | when the nine identified components in the effluvium of calling female codling moths were compared to pure synthetic (e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol in flight-tunnel tests, equal responses were obtained over a concentration range of 300-fold. when synthetic (e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol was compared to extract of female sex pheromone glands by a male wing-flutter bioassay, or in flight-tunnel tests, equal responses were obtained over a concentration range of 1000-fold. the sum total of these and previou ... | 1995 | 24234517 |
| intra- and interspecific competition and host race formation in the apple maggot fly, rhagoletis pomonella (diptera: tephritidae). | intra- and interspecific resource competition are potentially important factors affecting host plant use by phytophagous insects. in particular, escape from competitors could mediate a successful host shift by compensating for decreased feeding performance on a new plant. here, we examine the question of host plant-dependent competition for apple (malus pumila)- and hawthorn (crataegus mollis)-infesting larvae of the apple maggot fly, rhagoletis pomonella (diptera: tephritidae) at a field site n ... | 1995 | 28306956 |
| tcl4.7: a novel lepidopteran transposon found in cydia pomonella granulosis virus. | after the co-infection of larvae of the lepidopteran cryptophlebia leucotreta with the two baculoviruses c. leucotreta granulosis virus and cydia pomonella granulosis virus (cigv and cpgv, respectively), three cpgv mutants and one cigv mutant carrying insertions of 0.9 to 4.7 kb have been isolated. by cloning, sequencing, and hybridization analysis, one of these insertions was identified as a transposon-like element derived from the c. leucotreta genome. this element, called tcl4.7, was found in ... | 1995 | 7886941 |
| characterization of a highly conserved baculovirus structural protein that is specific for occlusion-derived virions. | a highly conserved baculovirus late gene called odvp-6e was shown to be a structural protein that is specific for occlusion-derived virus (odv) envelopes. the complete sequence of this gene is presented for both orgyia pseudotsugata nuclear polyhedrosis virus (opmnpv) and cydia pomonella granulosis virus (cpgv). the predicted sizes of the opmnpv and cpgv odvp-6e are 40, 241, and 38,655 respectively. the opmnpv odvp-6e gene was transcriptionally mapped and was shown to initiate from a consensus l ... | 1996 | 8615018 |
| efficacy of nonpheromone communication disruptants of codling moth (cydia pomonella): effect of pheromone isomers and of distance between calling females and dispensers. | field tests comparing the ability of codlemone, (e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, and isomers of codlemone to disrupt pheromonal communication of codling moth were carried out. in a pear orchard, four nonisomerizing, gray septa dispensers were placed in the upper canopy of each tree containing a trap baited with 10 virgin female codling moths. the dispensers were at trap height and 70 cm from the edge of each trap. trap catches of released male codling moths in three test areas were compared simultane ... | 1996 | 24227482 |
| lepidopteran peptides of the allatostatin superfamily. | peptides of the allatostatin superfamily with the c-terminal amino acid sequence -yxfgl-nh2 have been isolated and identified from the lepidopterans, the codling moth, cydia pomonella (tortricidae) and the bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (noctuidae). the peptides, designated cydiastatins and helicostatins respectively, were monitored during purification with radioimmunoassays based on the callatostatins of the blowfly calliphora vomitoria. the eight peptides from each of the two species appear to ... | 1997 | 9392829 |
| identification, tissue localisation and physiological effect in vitro of a neuroendocrine peptide identical to a dipteran leu-callatostatin in the codling moth cydia pomonella (tortricidae: lepidoptera). | a neuroendocrine peptide of the leu-callatostatin family, lpvynfgl-nh2, has been isolated from tissue extracts of 5th instar larvae of the codling moth, cydia pomonella (lepidoptera). it is identical to a peptide previously isolated from the blowfly, calliphora vomitoria (diptera). the distribution of this peptide within the tissues of c. pomonella has been mapped by immunocytochemistry using antisera raised against lpvynfgl-nh2. midgut endocrine cells contain leu-callatostatin immunoreactivity, ... | 1997 | 9182602 |
| comprehensive physical map of the cydia pomonella granulovirus genome and sequence analysis of the granulin gene region. | a cloned strain of cydia pomonella granulovirus, cpgv-m1, was obtained using successive rounds of an in vivo limiting dilution method. a detailed physical map of the genome was constructed using 11 restriction enzymes. the region containing the granulin gene and an open reading frame immediately upstream of the granulin gene was sequenced. this region showed a high degree of homology to the equivalent region from cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus with 98% amino acid identity for the granulin ... | 1997 | 9129672 |
| detection of major and minor sex pheromone components by the male codling moth cydia pomonella (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | electroantennograms (eags) recorded from the antennae of male cydia pomonella l. in response to stimulation with doses of the main sex pheromone component e8,e10-dodecadienol (codlemone) ranging from 5ng to 500&mgr;g did not differ in their amplitudes from responses obtained to a synthetic 7-component pheromone blend containing the same absolute quantities of codlemone. based on differences in spike amplitudes obtained in single cell recordings (scr), sensilla trichodea on the antenna of males w ... | 1997 | 12770443 |
| complete sequence and transposon mutagenesis of the bamhi j fragment of cydia pomonella granulosis virus. | the bamhi j fragment of cydia pomonella granulosis virus was subcloned and subjected to transposon mutagenesis in escherichia coli using a tn3 derivative. after screening by restriction endonuclease digestion and polymerase chain reaction (pcr), 44 clones were selected representing insertions every 100 to 300 bp. the complete sequence was compiled and the transposon insertion sites mapped precisely by sequencing. analysis of the sequence revealed the presence of 7 potential open reading frames ( ... | 1997 | 9237352 |
| identification and sequence analysis of the integration site of transposon tcp3.2 in the genome of cydia pomonella granulovirus. | recently, we described the isolation and characterisation of the novel lepidopteran transposon tcp3.2, which was found to be inserted into the genome of a spontaneous mutant of the baculovirus cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv). transposon tcp3.2, which is a member of the tcl/mariner superfamily, is an apparently defective copy which became stably integrated into the viral genome (jehle et al., 1997. j. mol. evol., in press). in this study, we located, cloned and sequenced a genomic region of 2 ... | 1997 | 9282780 |
| influence of ph on the toxicity and survival of total cells and spores of bacillus thuringiensis. | b. thuringiensis (bt) is one of the most important microorganism among those studied because of their entomopathogenic potential against insect plagues and vectors. in this work, the pathogenicity and survival of total cells and spores of three autochthonous strains of b. thuringiensis isolated from argentine soils (a61, a27 and a68) and the commercial strain hd-1 were studied at different ion hidrogen concentrations (ph = 4.4; 5.4; 7.4; 8.4; 9.4 and 10.4) under laboratory conditions. the greate ... | 1998 | 9793141 |
| identification and characterization of the cydia pomonella granulovirus cathepsin and chitinase genes. | a 3.2 kb bamhi-ecori fragment of the cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv) genome was subcloned and characterized. sequence analysis revealed two complete and one partial open reading frames (orfs). orf7l is predicted to encode a 66.7 kda protein (594 amino acid residues) that is 57% identical (amino acid sequence) to the chia gene (orf126) of autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv), encoding a chitinase. orf8r is 333 amino acids in length and shows high similarity (between 64% and 67 ... | 1998 | 9747739 |
| horizontal escape of the novel tc1-like lepidopteran transposon tcp3.2 into cydia pomonella granulovirus. | we characterized an insertion mutant of the baculovirus cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv), which contained a transposable element of 3.2 kb. this transposon, termed tcp3.2, has unusually long inverted terminal repeats (itrs) of 756 bp and encodes a defective gene for a putative transposase. amino acid sequence comparison of the defective transposase gene revealed a distant relationship to a putative transposon in caenorhabditis elegans which also shares some similarity of the itrs. maximum par ... | 1998 | 9452523 |
| respiratory response of fifth-instar codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) to rapidly changing temperatures. | fifth-instar codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), larvae were exposed to 10 simulated heat treatments of apples and pears and co2 levels were monitored as a measure of respiration. marked increases in respiration rates (microliter co2/mg/min) were noted during these treatments. respiration peaked between 3.5 and 4.8 microliters co2/mg/min; the amount of time to peak respiration depended on the heating rate and was correlated to the lt95. no differences were observed between male and female larvae ... | 1998 | 9495092 |
| effects of heating rate on the mortality of fifth-instar codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | models were developed to describe the effects of heating rate during heat treatments on the mortality of 5th-instar codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). an old model, developed from previous studies over a limited range of heat treatments, was 1st formulated. subsequent heat treatments, using a computerized water bath system and linear heating rates of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 degrees c/h at 42, 44, and 46 degrees c, were used to test the old model. the mortality data from the water bath study were us ... | 1998 | 9495091 |
| cold hardiness adaptations of codling moth, cydia pomonella | the cold hardiness adaptations of natural and laboratory reared populations of the codling moth, cydia pomonella, were examined. hemolymph, gut, and whole body supercooling points (scps), 24-h lt50s, polyhydroxy alcohol concentrations, hemolymph freezing points, and hemolymph melting points were determined. nondiapausing codling moth larvae do not have appreciable levels of ice nucleators in the hemolymph or gut. whole body supercooling points were higher than hemolymph supercooling points. for ... | 1999 | 10079128 |
| entomopathogenic nematodes for control of diapausing codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in fruit bins. | fruit bins infested with diapausing larvae of codling moth larvae, cydia pomonella (l.), are a source of reinfestation of orchards and may jeopardize the success of mating disruption programs and other control strategies. bins are not routinely treated for control of overwintering codling moth before placing them in orchards. entomopathogenic nematodes provide a noninsecticidal alternative to methyl bromide that could be applied at the time bins are submerged in dump tanks at the packing house f ... | 1999 | 10036984 |
| dose-morality and large-scale studies for controlling codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) eggs on 'd'agen' plums by using methyl bromide. | codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), eggs on 'd'agen' cultivar of plums, prunus salicina lindl., were treated with methyl bromide to determine if a quarantine treatment could be developed so that the plums could be exported to japan from the united states. small-scale tests consisted of treating codling moth eggs on plums with various doses of methyl bromide at 20 degrees c for 2 h. small-scale tests showed that 0- to 24-h-old eggs of codling moth on the plums were controlled by doses > 22.5 g/m3 ... | 1999 | 10504898 |
| influence of juvenile hormone and mating on oogenesis and oviposition in the codling moth, cydia pomonella | oogenesis in the codling moth, cydia pomonella, and the role of juvenile hormones (jhs) were addressed. rudimentary ovarian structures were recognisable in day 3-4 pupae, when haemolymph jh was still undetectable by coupled gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the selected ion mode (gc-ms/sim). the presence of developing oocytes was observed by light microscopy on day 8, coincident with very low jh titres (0.74 +/- 0.05 ng/ml jh ii). chorionation was only evident upon emergence, following an ... | 1999 | 10421893 |
| a baculovirus anti-apoptosis gene homolog of the trichoplusia ni granulovirus. | an inhibitor of apoptosis (iap) gene homolog (tn-iap) of the trichoplusia ni granulovirus (tngv) was cloned, sequenced and mapped on the genome of tngv. tn-iap encoded a protein (tn-iap) of 301 amino acids with a predicted molecular mass of 35 kda. the tn-iap contained the two sequence motifs, birs and ring finger, characteristic of iap proteins, and shared identities of 21-27% and similarities of 28-53% with iap proteins of cydia pomonella gv (cp-iap), orgyia pseudotsugata multinucleocapsid nuc ... | 1999 | 10541013 |
| host status of fresh prunes by potential quarantine pests in laboratory tests and evaluation of packinghouse culls. | the status of fresh prunes, prunus domestica l., as a host for codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.) (lepidoptera: tortricidae); peach twig borer, anarsia lineatella zeller (lepidoptera: gelechiidae); omnivorous leafroller, platynota stultana walshingham (lepidoptera: tortricidae); oriental fruit moth, grapholita molesta (busck) (lepidoptera: tortricidae); navel orangeworm, amyelois transitella (walker) (lepidoptera: pyralidae); and walnut husk fly, rhagoletis completa cresson (diptera: tephritidae ... | 1999 | 10333755 |
| choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus: sequence analysis and 5' characterization of orf891. | a gene located immediately upstream of the granulin gene of choristoneura fumiferana (chfugv) granulovirus was identified, sequenced and named orf891. the determined, putative open reading frame (orf) of 891 bp encodes an estimated 34.6 kda protein. the 5' end transcript of the gene was mapped and analysed. a putative promoter region organization of chfugv orf891 contains a consensus late baculovirus promoter element, taag, and two putative early tata boxes similar to the promoters of orf909 of ... | 1999 | 10365164 |
| the crystal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thompsoni display a synergistic activity against the codling moth, cydia pomonella. | crystal proteins from bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thompsoni strain hnc are active against the codling moth, cydia pomonella, a major pest of orchards. inclusion bodies purified from strain hnc displayed an lc(50) of 3.34 x 10(-3) microgram/microliter. hnc-purified crystals were tenfold more active than cry2aa and cry1aa toxins, and 100-fold more toxic than cry1ab. the 34-kda and 40-kda proteins contained in hnc inclusion bodies were shown to act synergistically. the toxicity of crystal protein ... | 2000 | 10679054 |
| molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the harrisina brillians granulovirus granulin gene. | well over 100 isolates of granulosis viruses (gvs), genus granulovirus (family baculoviridae), have been reported, all from lepidopterous insects. three types of gvs are recognized, those of type 1, which attack the fat body, type 2, which attack most tissues, and type 3, which attack only the midgut epithelium. to determine whether a correlation exists between tissue tropism and lepidopteran family phylogeny, the granulin gene of the harrisina brillians (hbgv), a virus that attacks the midgut e ... | 2000 | 11043952 |
| comparative analysis of the granulin regions of the phthorimaea operculella and spodoptera littoralis granuloviruses. | the nucleotide sequence of two cloned restriction fragments encompassing the granulin genes from the granuloviruses of the potato tuber moth, phthorimaea operculella, phopgv, and the egyptian cotton leaf worm, spodoptera littoralis, spligv, have been determined. although both viruses are able to infect the same ph. operculella cell line, their granulins do not cluster in the same phylogenetic branches. phopgv ganulin is closely related to cydia pomonella gv (cpgv) and cryptophlebia leucotreta gv ... | 2000 | 11129630 |
| in vitro metabolism of aflatoxin b1 by larvae of navel orangeworm, amyelois transitella (walker) (insecta, lepidoptera, pyralidae) and codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.) (insecta, lepidoptera, tortricidae). | larvae of the navel orangeworm (now), amyelois transitella (walker), a major pest of almonds and pistachios, and the codling moth (cm), cydia pomonella (l.), the principal pest of walnuts and pome fruits, are commonly found in tree nut kernels that can be contaminated with aflatoxin, a potent carcinogen. the ability of larvae of these insects to metabolize aflatoxin b1 (afb1) was examined. a field strain of now produced three afb1 biotransformation products, chiefly aflatoxicol (afl), and minor ... | 2000 | 11223936 |
| temperature-induced pupil movements in insect superposition eyes. | in this paper, we describe the hitherto largely overlooked effect of temperature on the pupil of insect compound eyes. in the turnip moth agrotis segetum and in two other nocturnal insects with superposition eyes, the lacewing euroleon nostras and the codling moth cydia pomonella, the pupil not only opens and closes with changes in the ambient light level, as expected, but also with changes in temperature in the absence of light. in complete darkness, the pupil of a. segetum responds over a wide ... | 2000 | 10648210 |
| tebufenozide targeted against codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) adults, eggs, and larvae. | the effectiveness of tebufenozide applied against the adult, egg, and larvae of codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), was evaluated. significant reductions in fecundity and egg hatch occurred after 1-h and 24-h exposures of females and 24-h exposures of males-only to residues in plastic plates. a significant reduction in egg hatch was also found after a 1-h exposure of males. the ovicidal effects of tebufenozide in field trials did not significantly differ for eggs laid on residues or treated topi ... | 2000 | 11142310 |
| monitoring codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) with passive interception traps in sex pheromone-treated apple orchards. | male and female codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), were monitored with passive interception traps (pi-traps) in apple orchards treated with sex pheromone dispensers. the proportion of mated females recaptured by pi-traps was significantly higher than the proportion released after the release of both sexes into a codling moth-infested orchard. however, no significant difference occurred between the proportion of mated females recaptured and released when only females were released into uninfeste ... | 2000 | 11142308 |
| antennal response of codling moth males, cydia pomonella l. (lepidoptera: tortricidae), to the geometric isomers of codlemone and codlemone acetate. | single sensillum recordings from cydia pomonella male antennae showed three different types of receptor neurons. the most abundant type was most sensitive to the main pheromone compound (e,e)-8,10-dodecadienol, while its response to the geometric isomers e,z, z,e and z,z was comparable to a tenfold lower dose of (e,e)-8,10-dodecadienol. this neuron type also responded to the four behaviorally antagonistic isomers of (delta,delta)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate, among which it was most sensitive to th ... | 2000 | 10947233 |
| large-scale, on-site confirmatory, and varietal testing of a methyl bromide quarantine treatment to control codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in nectarines exported to japan. | in total, 30,491 codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), 1-d-old eggs on may grand nectarines in two large-scale tests, and 17,410 eggs on royal giant nectarines in four on-site confirmatory tests were controlled with 100% mortality after fumigation with a methyl bromide quarantine treatment (48 g3 for 2 h at > or = 21 degrees c and 50% volume chamber load) on fruit in shipping containers for export to japan. ranges (mean +/- sem) were for percentage sorption 34.7 +/- 6.2 to 46.5 +/- 2.5, and for co ... | 2000 | 10902367 |
| correlated insecticide cross-resistance in azinphosmethyl resistant codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | resistance to several classes of insecticides was correlated with azinphosmethyl resistance in codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), in california. in tests of laboratory and field populations, cross-resistance was positively correlated with azinphosmethyl and two organophosphates (diazinon, phosmet), a carbamate (carbaryl), a chlorinated hydrocarbon (ddt), and two pyrethroids (esfenvalerate and fenpropathrin). additionally, negatively correlated cross-resistance was identified between azinphosmet ... | 2000 | 10902355 |
| evaluation of border sprays for managing the codling moth (tortricidae: lepidoptera) and the apple maggot (tephritidae: diptera) in ontario apple orchards. | the efficacy of two insecticide control programs for managing the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), and the apple maggot, rhagoletis pomonella (walsh), were compared in the georgian bay, london, niagara, and quinte apple production areas of ontario during 1995, 1996, and 1997. in the border spray program, an initial cover spray of organophosphorus insecticide was applied to eradicate codling moths that may have colonized a test plot during the previous growing season. subsequent sprays were ap ... | 2000 | 10902330 |
| particle films for suppression of the codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in apple and pear orchards. | studies were conducted in 1997 and 1998 to evaluate the effects of three particle film formulations consisting of kaolin and adjuvants on neonate larvae, ovipositing adult females, and eggs of the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). neonate larval walking speed, fruit discovery rate, and fruit penetration rate on apple host plants coated with particle films were significantly lower than on host plants without particle films in laboratory assays. females oviposited less on host plants covered wit ... | 2000 | 10902324 |
| temporal and spatial expression of the period gene in the reproductive system of the codling moth. | the authors examined patterns of spatial and temporal expression of drosophila per gene homologue in the codling moth, cydia pomonella. since sperm release in moths is regulated in a circadian manner by an autonomous clock that is independent from the brain, the authors investigated per expression in male reproductive system along with its expression in moth heads. per mrna is rhythmically expressed with the same phase and amplitude in both tissues under light-dark (ld) conditions. the levels of ... | 2000 | 10677012 |
| insecticidal activity of maytenus species (celastraceae) nortriterpene quinone methides against codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.) (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | the insecticidal effects of nortriterpene quinone methides (pristimerin, tingenonee, and 20-alpha-hydroxytingenone) are reported for the first time. the natural products were isolated from maytenus sp. (celastraceae) and their effects tested on larvae of codling moth (cydia pomonella, lepidoptera: tortricidae). the three metabolites produce the same effects on codling moth larvae that azadirachtin does, although at higher concentrations. 20-alpha-hydroxytingenone was the most active compound, sh ... | 2000 | 10637057 |
| synthesis of phenoxyphenyl pyridine and pyrazine carboxamides. activity against cydia pomonella (l.) eggs. | several n-(4-phenoxyphenyl)pyridinecarboxamides and n-(4-phenoxyphenyl)pyrazinecarboxamides were synthesized from commercially available material, and their ovicidal activities against cydia pomonella (l.) were tested. some of the tested products showed a moderate activity when <24-h-old eggs were sprayed using a potter tower. a significant increase in the length of the development period of the eggs was also observed in many cases. a clear correlation between both effects was noticed: the produ ... | 2000 | 10637056 |
| baseline monitoring of codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) larval response to benzoylhydrazine insecticides. | a diet-incorporation larval bioassay was developed to measure the response of codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), to the benzoylhydrazine insecticides tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide. the bioassay tested neonates and third, fourth, and fifth instars from a laboratory colony and neonates and fourth instars from a pooled population collected from five certified-organic apple orchards. bioassays were scored after 6 and 14 d. no differences between the laboratory and field population were found for ... | 2001 | 11233123 |
| active regulation of respiration and circulation in pupae of the codling moth (cydia pomonella). | regulation of autonomic physiological functions has been investigated by means of multisensor electronic methods, including electrocardiographic recording of heartbeat, strain-gauge recording of extracardiac hemocoelic pulsations (ehps), anemometric recording of air passage through spiracles and respirographic recording of o(2) consumption and co(2) output. pupae of cydia exhibit continuous respiration without remarkable bursts of co(2). the dorsal vessel of these pupae exhibited regular heartbe ... | 2001 | 12770185 |
| deltamethrin resistance in the codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae): inheritance and number of genes involved. | the inheritance of deltamethrin resistance in cydia pomonella (l.) has been investigated by crossing a resistant (rv) and a susceptible (sv) strain, derived from a population collected in south-eastern france in 1995. deltamethrin resistance was suspected to be under the control of a kdr-type allele and an enhanced mixed-function oxidase (mfo). f(1) and f(2) progenies were therefore tested through dose-response and enzyme assays. dose-response relationships indicated that resistance was inherite ... | 2001 | 11737294 |
| attractants from bartlett pear for codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), larvae. | the alkyl ethyl and methyl esters of (2e,4z)-2,4-decadienoic acid found in head-space samples of ripe bartlett pear (pyrus communis l.) stimulated a response from neonate larvae of the codling moth (cm), cydia pomonella (l.), in both static-air petri-plate and in upwind y-tube and straight-tube olfactometer bioassays. in comparison with the known cm neonate attractant, (e,e)-alpha-farnesene, ethyl (2e,4z)-2,4-decadienoate was attractive at 10-fold and 1,000-fold lower threshold dosages in the pe ... | 2001 | 11572015 |
| a pear-derived kairomone with pheromonal potency that attracts male and female codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). | ethyl (2e, 4z)-2,4-decadienoate, a pear-derived volatile, is a species-specific, durable, and highly potent attractant to the codling moth (cm), cydia pomonella (l.), a serious pest of walnuts, apples, and pears worldwide. this kairomone attracts both cm males and virgin and mated females. it is highly attractive to cm in both walnut and apple orchard contexts, but has shown limited effectiveness in a pear orchard context. rubber septa lures loaded with ethyl (2e, 4z)-2,4-decadienoate remained a ... | 2001 | 11572014 |
| is attract-and-kill technology potent against insecticide-resistant lepidoptera? | attract-and-kill techniques, associating an attractant and a contact insecticide in a sticky formulation, are a new way of controlling lepidopteran pests. insecticide resistance may, however, limit the effectiveness and even the attractiveness of such formulations where resistance pleiotropic effects influence pheromone perception. we have tested this hypothesis on resistant codling moths cydia pomonella (l) using a commercial formulation containing (e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone), the ma ... | 2001 | 11517727 |
| plant odor analysis of apple: antennal response of codling moth females to apple volatiles during phenological development. | volatile compounds were collected from apple branches (malus domestica) at different developmental stages, and the antennal response of codling moth females (cydia pomonella) to these compounds was recorded by electroantennography coupled to gas chromatography. presence of a range of terpenoid compounds, many of which had antennal activity, was characteristic for volatile collections from branches with leaves, and from small green apples. nine compounds from branches with leaves and green fruit ... | 2001 | 11513657 |
| induced emissions of apple fruit volatiles by the codling moth: changing patterns with different time periods after infestation and different larval instars. | the changes in the emission of volatiles from mature apple fruits in response to larval feeding by the codling moth (cydia pomonella) under laboratory conditions are reported. a time course experiment investigated the emission of volatiles throughout the period of larval development following infestation. the volatiles consisted mainly of esters, a few aldehydes, and the terpene alpha-farnesene. infested apples emitted the same compounds as healthy apples. the quantities of volatiles released we ... | 2001 | 11393521 |
| overwintering of codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) larvae in apple harvest bins and subsequent moth emergence. | codling moths, cydia pomonella (l.), have long been suspected of emerging from stacks of harvest bins in the spring and causing damage to nearby apple and pear orchards. with increased use of mating disruption for codling moth control, outside sources of infestation have become more of a concern for growers using pheromone based mating disruption systems. studies were designed to provide information on bins as a source of codling moth and the pattern of codling moth emergence from stacks of bins ... | 2001 | 11777057 |
| impact of a north american isolate of the microsporidium nosema carpocapsae on a laboratory population of the codling moth, cydia pomonella. | nosema carpocapsae is a microsporidian pathogen of the codling moth, cydia pomonella. we report the occurrence of this pathogen in a colony originating from collections made in the united states. this is the first record of n. carpocapsae infecting north american codling moths. this north american isolate of n. carpocapsae was indistinguishable from isolates received from new zealand and bulgaria, based on small subunit ribosomal rna sequencing, but was more virulent than the previously describe ... | 2001 | 12009806 |
| the complete sequence of the cydia pomonella granulovirus genome. | the nucleotide sequence of the dna genome of cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv) was determined and analysed. the genome is composed of 123500 bp and has a g+c content of 45.2%. it contains 143 orfs of 150 nucleotides or more that show minimal overlap. one-hundred-and-eighteen (82.5%) of these putative genes are homologous to genes previously identified in other baculoviruses. among them, 73 are homologous to genes of autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv), whereas 108 and 98 are h ... | 2001 | 11562546 |
| phylogenetic analysis of conserved genes within the ecdysteroid udp-glucosyltransferase gene region of the slow-killing adoxophyes orana granulovirus. | a physical map of the genome of adoxophyes orana granulovirus (aogv) was constructed for the restriction enzymes bamhi, bglii, ecori, psti and saci using restriction endonuclease analysis and dna hybridization techniques. this enabled the size of the aogv genome to be estimated at 100.9 kbp. a plasmid library covering 99.9% of the aogv genome was constructed using five restriction enzymes. the ecdysteroid udp-glucosyltransferase gene (egt) was located by hybridization with the egt gene of cydia ... | 2001 | 11514742 |
| identification and characterization of a putative baculoviral transcriptional factor ie-1 from choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus. | a gene that encodes a protein homologue to baculoviral ie-1 was identified and sequenced in the genome of the choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (chfugv). the gene has an 1278 nucleotide (nt) open-reading frame (orf) that encodes 426 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 50.33 kda. at the nucleotide level, several cis-acting regulatory elements were detected within the promoter region of the ie-1 gene of chfugv along with other studied granuloviruses (gvs). two putative ccaat elem ... | 2002 | 12470588 |
| comparative activity of baculoviruses against the codling moth cydia pomonella and three other tortricid pests of tree fruit. | the granulovirus of cydia pomonella (l.) (cpgv) offers potential for selective control of codling moth. two major limitations of cpgv are its narrow host range and lack of persistence in the orchard agroecosystem. the nucleopolyhedroviruses of the alfalfa looper autographa californica (speyer) (acmnpv) and those of the celery looper anagrapha falcifera (kirby) (afmnpv) have broad host ranges. comparative assays of cpgv, acmnpv, and afmnpv against codling moth neonate larvae revealed a 54-93-fold ... | 2002 | 12234544 |
| evolution of inhibitors of apoptosis in baculoviruses and their insect hosts. | the phylogenetic relationships of inhibitor of apoptosis (iap) from insects and insect viruses were reconstructed and compared with the phylogeny of the viruses reconstructed on the basis of dna polymerase species. the phylogeny supported the hypothesis that there were three iap genes in the ancestor of the viral genus nucleopolyhedrovirus (family baculoviridae), but that there has been differential deletion of iap genes in different lineages within this genus. an iap gene from the granulovirus ... | 2002 | 12797996 |
| homologous recombination between the inverted terminal repeats of defective transposon tcp3.2 causes an inversion in the genome of cydia pomonella granulovirus. | in this study, a new mutant of the cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv), which shows spontaneous inversion of a transposable element during in vivo replication, is described. cpgv-mcp4 is a natural mutant of cpgv-m, containing the transposable element tcp3.2, which originated from the genome of the host c. pomonella. during in vivo cloning studies of cpgv-mcp4, a mutant called cpgv-mcp4inv was isolated. cpgv-mcp4inv shows heterogeneity in the genome area of transposon insertion. restriction mappi ... | 2002 | 12075075 |
| expression of the cydia pomonella granulovirus iap3 gene. | the iap3 protein of cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv) was the first identified member of the baculovirus iap family of proteins, which have been shown to block apoptosis in diverse systems. however, little is known of the expression and subcellular localisation of cpgv iap3 during a viral infection. this study examined iap3 in cells infected by cpgv and in cells infected by an autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) recombinant that carried the cpgv iap3 gene. the levels of iap3 s ... | 2002 | 12111431 |
| identification and characterization of a conserved baculoviral structural protein odvp-6e/odv-e56 from choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus. | a gene that encodes a homologue to baculoviral odvp-6e/odv-e56, a baculoviral envelope-associated viral structural protein, has been identified and sequenced on the genome of choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (chfugv). the chfugv odvp-6e/odv-e56 gene was located on an 11-kb bamhi subgenomic fragment using different sets of degenerated primers, which were designed using the results of the protein sequencing of a major 39 kda structural protein that is associated with the occlusion-derived vir ... | 2002 | 12470594 |
| content and composition of phosphoglycerols and neutral lipids at different developmental stages of the eggs of the codling moth, cydia pomonella (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | phosphoglycerol, triacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, and free fatty acid content was studied in eggs of the codling moth cydia pomonella at the white, red ring, and black head developmental stages. the composition of total phosphoglycerols and of the three classes of neutral lipids was also analyzed. the highest total lipid content was found in eggs at the white stage, the amount decreasing during development mainly as a result of a diminution in the quantity of phosphoglycerols, which account for ... | 2002 | 12111972 |
| effect of cold treatment on survival and development of codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) in cherry. | 'bing' cherries, prunus avium l., were obtained from an organic orchard and a conventional commercial orchard. the two groups were examined separately in replicated tests infested with each fruit initially infested with a first-instar codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.). to simulate commercial postharvest holding conditions, the treatments were 0 (control), 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14 d cold storage at 3.3 degrees c. the fruits were examined three or more times to determine larval survival, life stage ... | 2002 | 11942758 |
| factors affecting the field performance of an attracticide against the codling moth cydia pomonella. | factors affecting the efficacy of an attracticide strategy for the control of the codling moth cydia pomonella l (lepidoptera: tortricidae) were investigated using laboratory and field experiments. the sex-pheromone-based insect-control strategy utilises 100-microliters droplets of a sticky, paste-like formulation containing 1 mg g-1 (e,e)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone) as an attractant for male moths and 40 mg g-1 cyfluthrin, a contact insecticide, applied to branches in the upper parts of th ... | 2002 | 12400442 |
| age-dependent response to insecticides and enzymatic variation in susceptible and resistant codling moth larvae. | insecticide resistance in the codling moth, cydia pomonella, partly results from increased metabolic detoxification. the aim of this study was to follow the age variations in larval susceptibility to deltamethrin and teflubenzuron in one susceptible (s) strain, and two resistant (rv and rt) ones selected for resistance to deltamethrin and diflubenzuron, respectively. the age variation of the activities of cytochrome p450-dependent monooxygenase (mfo), glutathione s-transferases (gst), and estera ... | 2002 | 12232873 |
| sub-zero cooling synchronizes post-diapause development of codling moth, cydia pomonella. | sub-zero cooling treatments of -10 degree c and -15 degree c for 2-6 days were evaluated as a means of meeting the chilling requirement of diapause and to synchronize post-diapause development in larvae which were held in diapause for less than 6 months. sub-zero cooling did not affect male longevity. after six months in diapause, diapause/cooled females were longer lived than diapause control females but not longer than non-diapause females. in general, diapause-cooled males passed more spermat ... | 2002 | 12148037 |
| juvenile hormone catabolism and oviposition in the codling moth, cydia pomonella, as functions of age, mating status, and hormone treatment. | in vitro catabolism of juvenile hormone (jh) in haemolymph of adult female cydia pomonella was ascribed mainly to juvenile hormone esterase (jhe) activity. no significant differences were noted between virgin and mated females 0-96 h post-emergence. changes in jhe activity did not appear dependent upon fluctuations in jh titre; conversely, changes in jhe activity could not explain the changes in jh titres. maximal jhe activity was recorded at 24 h (331.47 +/- 47.25 pmol/h/microl; 355.93 +/- 36.6 ... | 2002 | 11754090 |
| does pheromone-based aggregation of codling moth larvae help procure future mates? | in field and laboratory bioassay experiments, we show that larvae of the codling moth, cydia pomonella, cocoon in aggregations. this aggregation behavior of fifth-instar larvae prior to pupation and arrestment of eclosed adult males by mature female pupae seems to allow mating as soon as an adult female ecloses. this synchronous timing is realized because foraging fifth-instar are attracted by cocoon-spinning larvae and prepupae, but not by pupae, and because male pupae develop faster than femal ... | 2003 | 12737267 |
| effects of calcium and glutamate receptor agonists on leaf consumption by lepidopteran neonates. | calcium and glutamate receptor (glur) agonists affect apple leaf consumption by neonates of the apple pest, the codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.) initial apple leaf consumption was advanced by the presence of trans-1-amino-(1s,3r)-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid (trans-acpd), but not by calcium chloride or n-methyl-d-aspartate (nmda). however, during the 3 h following hatch, cacl(2) and nmda increased the quantity of apple leaf tissue consumed, but trans-acpd had no such effects. stimulatory effe ... | 2003 | 12479959 |
| effect of ecdysone agonists on vitellogenesis and the expression of ecr and usp in codling moth (cydia pomonella). | the effects of tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide on vitellogenin (vg) synthesis/release in the fat body, translocation in hemolymph, uptake by the ovary, and the expression of the ecdysone receptor (ecr) and its heterodimer partner, ultraspiracle protein (usp) in fat body, were investigated in cydia pomonella. the results indicated that both ecdysone agonists significantly increased the vg level in the adult hemolymph when the moths were exposed to agonist-treated surfaces. however, these agonist ... | 2003 | 12587140 |
| constraints on adaptive mutations in the codling moth cydia pomonella (l.): measuring fitness trade-offs and natural selection. | adaptive changes in populations encountering a new environment are often constrained by deleterious pleiotropic interactions with ancestral physiological functions. evolutionary responses of populations can thus be limited by natural selection under fluctuating environmental conditions, if the adaptive mutations are associated with pleiotropic fitness costs. in this context, we have followed the evolution of the frequencies of insecticide-resistant mutants of cydia pomonella when reintroduced in ... | 2003 | 12522433 |
| testing of the attract and kill technique against cydia pomonella in croatia. | 2003 | 15149119 | |
| codling moth males do not discriminate between pheromone and a pheromone/antagonist blend during upwind flight. | discrimination between conspecific and heterospecific signals is a key element in the evolution of pheromone-mediated communication in insects. pheromone antagonists prevent heterospecific attraction. they are typically pheromone synergists in other species and enable specific communication in closely related species, using partly the same chemicals. in codling moth, cydia pomonella, as in other moths, upwind flights to a pheromone/antagonist blend were slower and more convoluted than to pheromo ... | 2003 | 14504786 |
| effects of ecdysone agonists on the expression of ecr, usp and other specific proteins in the ovaries of the codling moth (cydia pomonella l.). | tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide have been previously shown to significantly reduce fecundity and cause vitellogenin accumulation in hemolymph of the codling moth cydia pomonella l. in the present study, the effects of these ecdysone agonists, tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide, on the expression of ecdysone receptor (ecr), ultraspiracle protein (usp) and other proteins in the ovaries of c. pomonella l., were investigated at both the translational and/or transcriptional levels with an aim to eluci ... | 2003 | 12878229 |
| effects of methoxyfenozide-treated surfaces on the attractiveness and responsiveness of adult codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | the attractiveness and responsiveness of adult codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), exposed to surfaces treated with the ecdysteroid agonist methoxyfenozide was investigated in wind tunnel and orientation tube assays. when males were exposed to either water- or surfactant-treated surfaces for 48 h, and regardless of what treatment surfaces the females had been exposed to, the mean percent recaptures of such treated males in the wind tunnel assay were sometimes significantly greater than the recap ... | 2003 | 12852597 |
| functional interaction between cydia pomonella granulovirus iap proteins. | cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv) encodes for three inhibitor of apoptosis (iap) proteins. one of them, cpiap3, was previously identified based on its capacity to substitute for the p35 gene in blocking autographa californica nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv)-induced apoptosis in sf21 cells. in this paper, the function of the other two cpgv iap proteins, cp94 and cpiap5, was studied. neither cp94 nor cpiap5, independently or together, can block actinomycin d-induced apoptosis in transient expressi ... | 2003 | 12606082 |
| mechanisms of behavioral alterations of parasitoids reared in artificial systems. | a high quality of mass reared parasitoids is required for successful biological control of pest insects. although the phenomenon of behavioral deterioration of parasitoids due to rearing in artificial conditions is well known, its significance is often underestimated, and the underlying mechanisms are poorly investigated. we quantified behavioral alterations of parasitoids reared in an artificial system vs. a natural system and elucidated some of the mechanisms involved. the model systems consis ... | 2003 | 12956512 |
| an immunochemical method for quantitation of epinotia aporema granulovirus (epapgv). | epinotia aporema granulovirus (epapgv) is a baculovirus that affects e. aporema larvae and has proven to be a good candidate for the biocontrol of this important pest in south america. as part of the quality control of the production of a bioinsecticide based on epapgv, a sensitive method was developed for the detection and quantitation of the virus. to this end, we used the major occlusion body (ob) protein (granulin) to generate polyclonal antibodies in rabbits. purified igg fractions from hyp ... | 2003 | 12951208 |
| polymerase chain reaction assay for cydia pomonella granulovirus detection in cydia pomonella population. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay was successfully used to identify cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv) in larvae of cydia pomonella l. (codling moth). pcr with the primers cpgv-2a/cpgv-2b and cpgv-3a/cpgv-3b was found suitable for detection of cpgv. the primers cp-i/cp-ii and cp-iii/cp-iv were able to identify the transposable element tcp3.2 in c. pomonella larvae. the presence of cpgv in the larvae from orchards,which had been infected with cpgv was tested during 2 years post infection ... | 2003 | 14658843 |
| the genome of the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus. | the genome of the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (crlegv) was sequenced and analyzed. the double-stranded circular genome contains 110907 bp and potentially encodes 129 predicted open reading frames (orfs), 124 of which were similar to other baculovirus orfs. five orfs were crlegv specific and 26 orfs were common to other granulovirus genomes. one orf showed a significant similarity to a nonstructural protein of bombyx mori densovirus-2. a baculovirus chitinase gene was identified, which ... | 2003 | 14698662 |
| phenological segregation of insecticide resistance alleles in the codling moth cydia pomonella (lepidoptera: tortricidae): a case study of ecological divergences associated with adaptive changes in populations. | intrapopulation variability in the seasonal regulation of insect lifecycles has been shown to be due partly to genetic changes. selection for insecticide resistance in the codling moth cydia pomonella results from allelic substitution at two to three loci in south-eastern french populations of this species. however, such an adaptive process has been associated with an increased heterogeneity in the developmental responses to climatic factors such as temperature. in this paper, we investigate whe ... | 2003 | 12929908 |
| intra-specific and inter-specific recombination of tortricid-specific granuloviruses during co-infection in insect larvae. | intra-specific recombination between two genotypes of the cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (crlegv), namely cv3 and cv4, was studied by mixed infection experiments of larvae of c. leucotreta, followed by in vivo cloning and dna restriction enzyme analyses of isolated progeny viruses. as a prerequisite for these studies a comparative restriction map for of cv3 and cv4 was constructed for eight restriction enzymes. the mixed infection experiments resulted in the isolation of the recombinant c ... | 2003 | 12827463 |
| the lymantria dispar nucleopolyhedrovirus contains the capsid-associated p24 protein gene. | during the course of investigations on a wild-type strain of lymantria dispar multinucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (ldmnpv), a region of the viral genome was analyzed and found to contain 697 bp that is lacking in the sequenced strain (5-6) of ldmnpv (kuzio et al., virology 253, 17-34, 1999). the sequenced strain of ldmnpv contains a mutation in the 25 k few polyhedra (fp) gene, and exhibits the phenotype of a fp mutant. the additional sequence was located at approximately 81.4 map units withi ... | 2003 | 12680688 |
| choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus p74 protein, a highly conserved baculoviral envelope protein. | a gene that encodes a homologue to baculoviral p74, an envelope-associated viral structural protein, has been identified and sequenced on the genome of choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (chfugv). a part of the chfugv p74 gene was located on an 8.9 kb bamhi subgenomic fragment using different sets of degenerated primers. these were designed using the results of the protein sequencing of a major 74 kda structural protein that is associated with the occlusion-derived virus (odv). the gene has a ... | 2003 | 14536031 |
| methoxyfenozide, a reliable ipm compatible compound against lepidoptera in pome fruit and vegetables with sterilising, ovicidal and larvicidal efficacy on codling moth. | methoxyfenozide (runner 240 sc), a moulting accelerating compound (mac) currently submitted for registration in belgium, is an ipm (integrated pest management) compatible compound with strong, broad spectrum activity against lepidopterous pests in pome frunit and vegetables. field trials have confirmed reliable efficacy against larvae of winter moth o. brumata , both the overwintering and summer generation of the summer fruit tortrix moth, adoxophyes orana and also the tomato looper, chrysodeixe ... | 2003 | 15149109 |
| effects of azadirachtin/neemazal on different stages and adult life table parameters of trichogramma cacoeciae (hymenoptera: trichogrammatidae). | the effects of azadirachtin/neemazal on adults, emergence, and life table parameters of trichogramma cacoeciae marchal were studied. the adults were exposed to fresh residues of the insecticide applied on glass plates. based on the dose-response study, the lc50 value was 1330 ppm or 13.3 microg (ai)/ml. the effect of neemazal on three developmental stages of the parasitoid was tested by dipping parasitized sitotroga cerealella (olivier) and cydia pomonella (l.) eggs at the field-recommended conc ... | 2004 | 15279270 |
| toxicity and residual activity of methoxyfenozide and tebufenozide to codling moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) and oriental fruit moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae). | a series of studies were conducted to examine the residual activity and toxicity of the ecdysone agonists tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide to codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), and oriental fruit moth, grapholita molesta (busck), in north carolina apple systems. methoxyfenozide exhibited greater activity than tebufenozide against codling moth eggs in dose-response bioassays, with a 4.5- and 5.3-fold lower lc50 value to eggs laid on fruit treated before or after oviposition, respectively. orient ... | 2004 | 15384347 |
| oriental fruit moth (lepidoptera: tortricidae) phenology and management with methoxyfenozide in north carolina apples. | the phenology of oriental fruit moth, grapholita molesta (busck), on apple (malus spp.) in north carolina was studied using pheromone traps and egg sampling in abandoned and commercial orchards in 2000 and 2001, with subsequent development of an oviposition degree-day model and management studies in relation to codling moth, cydia pomonella (l.), phenology. oriental fruit moth eggs were found in greater numbers on leaves early and on fruit later in the growing season, on the top versus the botto ... | 2004 | 15384348 |
| hydrolysis of glycosidically bound volatiles from apple leaves (cv. anna) by aspergillus niger beta-glucosidase affects the behavior of codling moth (cydia pomonella l.). | glycosidically bound volatiles released from apple leaf extracts (cv. anna) were analyzed by solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (spme-gc-ms) and their behavioral effects on codling moth (cm) adults were evaluated in cage bioassays. the levels of 1-octanol, linalool, geraniol, benzyl alcohol, methyl salicylate, (2r,5r)-theaspirane, and (2s,5r)-theaspirane were significantly increased in the leaf extracts containing the aspergillus niger beta-glucosidase (bgl1) compar ... | 2004 | 15453689 |
| identification, characterization and phylogenic analysis of conserved genes within the odvp-6e/odv-e56 gene region of choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus. | the genes that are located within the odvp-6e/odv-e56 region of the choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (chfugv) were identified by sequencing the 11 kb bamhi restriction fragment on the chfugv genome. the global gc content that was calculated from the data obtained from this genomic region was 34.96%. the open-reading frames (orfs), located within the odvp-6e/odv-e56 region, are presented and compared to the equivalent orfs that are located at the same region in other gvs. this region is comp ... | 2004 | 15469697 |
| identification, characterization and phylogenic analysis of conserved genes within the p74 gene region of choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus genome. | the genes located within the p74 gene region of the choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (chfugv) were identified by sequencing an 8.9 kb bamhi restriction fragment on the chfugv genome. the global guanine-cytosine (gc) content of this region of the genome was 33.02%. this paper presents the orfs within the p74 gene region along with their transcriptional orientations. this region contains a total of 15 open reading frames (orfs). among those, 8 orfs were found to be homologues to the baculovir ... | 2004 | 15607029 |