Publications

progress report on the parasitic stages of chabertia ovina.		1947	20340866
[studies on culture of parasitic larvae stage of chabertia ovina (fabricius, 1788) in vitro].		1967	6070618
the chromosome numbers of oesophagostomum columbianum curtice and chabertia ovina fabricius (nematoda, strongylata).		1968	5689044
[pathogenicity of chabertia ovina in sheep].		1968	5692801
[on immunization of sheep against chabertia ovina].		1968	5693861
[influence on the development of chabertia ovina in vitro by immune serums of homologously infected sheep].		1968	5719584
[immunological studies on sheep affected by chabertia ovina and oesophagostomum venulosum].		1968	4976087
a study of chabertia ovina infections in lambs.		1969	5813484
life cycle, pathogenicity and immunogenicity of chabertia ovina.		1969	5815910
[the development of chabertia ovina (fabricius, 1788) in cultures to which serum from homologous infected sheep is added].		1969	5816006
immunity to chabertia ovina in the sheep.		1969	5393261
studies on the immune response of sheep to chabertia ovina (fabricius, 1788).		1971	5005560
the parasitic life cycle of chabertia ovina (fabricius, 1788) in sheep.		1971	5156165
the pathogenic importance of chabertia ovina (fabricius, 1788) in experimentally infected sheep.		1971	5156168
seasonal fluctuations of nematode populations in breeding ewes and lambs.	the seasonal changes in nematode populations of a flock of sheep in the montreal area were determined using serial fecal egg counts, fecal culture of larvae and necropsy worm counts. it was found that ostertagia spp.,nematodirus spp., trichostrongylus agei, trichostrongylus spp. and chabertia ovina over-wintered on pasture and could initiate patent infections the following spring. the development of populations of h. contortus was typical of that seen with most of the other species and was chara ...	1973	4265556
an evaluation of the anthelmintic activity of levamisole against chabertia ovina in lambs using the improved controlled test.		1974	4547988
arrested development in chabertia ovina.		1974	4830987
[clinical examination of the blood of roe deer (capreolus capreolus l.) and fallow deer (dama dama l.) naturally invaded by parasites].	roe-deer (capreolus capreolus l. -- five animals) and fallow deer (dama dama l. -- eleven animals) of both sexes and at different age were subject to blood examination. the deer were killed in several preserves in bohemia during autumn and winter shootings in two years. the following blood values were determined: erythrocyte count, leucocyte count, hemoglobin content, hematocrit values, mcv, mch, mchc, white blood picture, total protein, its fractions (albumin, alpha-, beta-, and gamma-globulin) ...	1975	809892
[effect of fenbendazole (panacur) in sheep naturally invaded by gastrointestinal and lung nemtaodes].	the paper presents the results of the clinical tests of fenbendazole (panacur, produced by hoechst, f. r. g.), a new antihelminthic preparation. the tests were performed in sheep naturally invaded by gastrointestinal and lung nematodes. helminthological dissection performed 7 days after the application of 5 mg of fenbendazole per 1 kg of sheep weight proved 100% effectiveness on lungworms (dictyocaulus filaria) and on the following gastrointestinal helminths: ostertagia ostertagi, haemonchus con ...	1975	812246
seasonal variations in the gastro-intestinal nematode populations of scottish hil sheep.	in each of two consecutive years, groups of breeding ewes were removed from a hill farm in the west of scotland on four occasions, namely late pregnancy, early lactation, autumn and early winter. at slaughter the major nematode genus present in the alimentary tract was ostertagia, with o circumcincta the predominant species but three species previously found in scottish hill sheep, bunostomum trigonocephalum, strongyloides papillosis and chabertia ovina were absent. an absolute increase in total ...	1975	1144923
the anthelmintic efficacy of fenbendazole against a mixed nematode infection in sheep.	fenbendazole (methyl-5-(phenylthio)-2-benzimidazole carbamate) at dose rates of 5 mg/kg and above was 100 per cent effective in eliminating a naturally acquired dictyocaulus filaria infection in sheep. the drug was 100 per cent effective in eliminating concurrent infections of adult trichostrongylus axei, haemonchus contortus, haemonchus placei, ostertagia circumcincta, ostertagia ostertagii, cooperia oncophora, cooperia mcmasterii, nematodirus spathiger, neumatodirus filcollis, oesophagostomum ...	1975	1153893
the efficacy of thiabendazole against the arrested larvae of some trichostrongylidae and chabertia ovina in sheep.	the activity of thiabendazole at 100 mg/kg was tested against the arrested larvae of ostertagia spp, haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylus axei, nematodirus spp and chabertia ovina in natural infections, in 10-month-old lambs. the result, assessed by means of worm counts, showed the treatment to be very effective.	1976	1257622
efficacy of p-toluoyl chloride phenylhydrazone against gastrointestinal helminths in ovines.	a new anthelmintic candidate, p-toluoyl chloride phenlylhydrazone, was administered to lambs in a paste formulation. the efficacy of this drug was determined at dose rates of 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg of active ingredient per kilogram of body weight. helminths expelled by these dosages included haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcicta, trichostrongylus colubriformis, t. axei, nematodirus filicollis, cooperia curticei, strongyloides papillosus, oesophagostomum columbianum, bunostomum trigoncephal ...	1976	1263040
[clinical examination of the blood of red deer (cervus elaphus l.) naturally infested with parasites].	in six animals hunted and four immobilized animals of red deer (cervus elaphus l.) of both sexes and of different age, kept at three game preserves in bohemia, the psychological values were ascertained: the number of erythrocytes and leucocytes, the hemoglobin content, the hematocrit, mcv, mch, mchc, the white blood count, the total serum protein, the fractions: albumin, alpha-, beta- and gamma-globulin, the activity of sgot, and sgpt, the alkaline phosphatase and the metabolism of calcium, phos ...	1976	820034
[distribution of nematode parasites of the digestive system in sheep (ovis aries) and goats (capra hircus) of the piedmontese and valdostano alpine arc].	a survey, carried out on gastro-intestinal nematodes of sheep and goats of piemonte and of valle d'aosta (87 sheep and 12 goats) has shown the presence of the following species in sheep, bunostomum trigonocephalum, chabertia ovina, cooperia curticei, haemonchus contortus, marshallagia marshalli, nematodirus abnormalis, nematodirus filicollis, nematodirus helvetianus, nematodirus spathiger, oesophagostomum venulosum, ostertagia circumcincta, ostertagia lyrata, ostertagia trifurcata, skrjabinema o ...	1977	572958
a rapid method for differentiating between the infective larvae of oesophagostomum columbianum and chabertia ovina.	when freshly-collected, exsheathed infective larvae of oesophagostomum columbianum and chabertia ovina were frozen in liquid nitrogen and subsequently thawed, conspicuous vesicles appeared in the intestinal cells of the larvae. the mean number of vesicles, which differed in size according to the species was 20 for o. columbianum and 32 for c. ovina.	1977	614536
controlled trials of the anthelmintic oxfendazole in ewes and lambs naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes.	oxfendazole doses at a rate of 5 mg per kg, before or after lambing, reduced nematode egg output to insignificant levels in ewes, most of which were not exposed to re-infection. ewes treated with oxfendazole had a significantly lower egg output than those treated with levamisole, although the latter anthelmintic was also highly effective. in lambs, oxfendazole at a dose rate of 5 mg per kg, showed 100 per cent efficacy for ostertagia circumcincta, o trifurcata, teledorsagia davtiani, trichostron ...	1977	335633
cryopreservation of the infective larvae of the common nematodes of ruminants.	exsheathed infective larvae (l 3) of 19 species of nematodes were tested for infectivity in either sheep or cattle after they had been frozen in 0,9% nacl solution, stored for a relatively short time in the gas phase of liquid nitrogen and subsequently thawed. in addition, 13 of these species were tested after similar storage for up to 18 months. in sheep, haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, nematodirus spathiger and oesophagostom ...	1977	566412
anthelmintic efficacy of oxfendazole in calves.	oxfendazole, methyl [5-(phenylsulfinyl)-1h-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamate given to calves at dose level of 2.5 mg/kg as a paste, as a bolus, or as a drench resulted in excellent (97 to 100%) anthelmintic efficacy against mature ostertagia ostertagi, trichostrongylus axei, cooperia oncophora, c mcmasteri, c pectinata, c punctata, nematodirus helvetianus, trichostrongylus longispicularis, chabertia ovina, and oesophagostomum radiatum. against the early 4th stage larvage of o ostertagia and n helvetia ...	1978	567947
recovery of nematodes from ruminants by migration from gastro-intestinal ingesta and mucosa gelled in agar: preliminary report.	when gastro-intestinal ingesta and mucosa containing larvae or adult haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta. trichostrongylus colubriformis, strongyloides papillosus, nematodirus spathiger, gaigeria pachyscelis, oesophagostomum columbianum or chabertia ovina were suspended in 0,75--1,00% agar gel and incubated in physiological saline, a mean of 93,6% of the helminths migrated from the agar-ingesta or agar-mucosa into the physiological saline. the lowest suitable concentration of agar was ...	1978	704042
[helminthiases in newly established large-capacity breeding stations for cattle].	invasions of gastrointestinal nematodes proved to be the most frequent helminthiases in new-established large-capacity herds of cattle according to the results of parasitary examinations of cattle in one locality in the tachov district. the nematodes, especially oesophagostomum spp., haemonchus contortus, cooperia spp., trichostrongylus spp., occurred in animals of all age categories. the ostertagia spp., chabertia ovina, nematodirus spp., bunostomum phlebotomum and trishuris spp. participated i ...	1978	97836
oxfendazole--anthelmintic activity in egyptian goats artificially infected with gastrointestinal nematodes.	the recently developed benzimidazole anthelmintic, oxfendazole, was tested against artificial nematode infestations in egyptian goats using oral dosing at 4.5 and 2.8 mg/kg. a 100% clearance of mature and immature haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylus axei, ostertagia circumcincta, coopera curticei, bunostomum trigonocephalum and chabertia ovina was obtained at the 4.5 mg/kg level. very high levels of clearance against the mature worms were obtained at 2.8 mg/kg but the drug was less effective ...	1979	462559
oxfendazole: anthelmintic activity in sheep artificially infected with nematodes. results of trials against nine species including benzimidazole-resistant haemonchus contortus.	in a series of 11 trials, in which 281 lambs were artificially infected with 9 species of nematodes, larval anthelmintic tests were carried out to assess the activity of a dose of 5 mg/kg oxfendazole against all 3 parasitic stages of each species. an efficacy of over 99,4% was obtained against all stages of haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus colubriformis, nematodirus spathiger, gaigeria pachyscelis, chabertia ovina and oesophagostomum columbianum with the exception ...	1980	7005443
survival and development of larvae of the common nematodes of ruminants after long-term cryopreservation and investigation of different routes of infestation.	exsheathed infective larvae (l3) of 16 species of nematodes were tested for infectivity in either sheep or cattle after they had been frozen and stored in 0,09% nacl solution in the gas phase of liquid nitrogen for periods of up to 59 months. a mean of greater than 90% of the l3 of haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, nematodirus spathiger, oesophagostomum columbianum and chabertia ovina of sheep and haemonchus placei, ostertagia o ...	1980	7465164
experimental cross-infections with gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and cattle.	five parasite-free lambs and five parasite-free calves were infected experimentally with 20,000 third stage gastrointestinal nematode larvae cultured from faeces of sheep from five different farms. in the same way five lambs and five calves were infected with larvae cultured from faeces of calves from five different farms. host specificity of the nematodes was determined using the following parameters: infection rate; number, size, and stage of the worms; their distribution within the gastrointe ...	1981	7245840
[repeated dehelminthization and its effect on the course of the natural infestation, of sheep by roundworms].	long-continued use of levamizole for the control of gastrointestinal roundworms in sheep kept on pasture showed that the discrepancy in the results obtained in experiments and in the terrain is associated with the physiology of host and parasites. in practical use in the terrain, the preparation had an 85% effect in one case; otherwise the average effect was 61.1% and persisted five to six weeks in all flocks including those in which the animals were treated five times a year. treatment performe ...	1981	6794215
parasites of chamois in new zealand.	abstract sir, - andrews'((2)) checklist of helminth parasites of wild ruminants in new zealand recorded the presence of 10 species of gastrointestinal nematodes in chamois (rupicapra rupicapra rupicapra l.) from "central south island". in october 1978 we examined 28 freshly-shot chamois cadavers from the harper-avoca watershed in the headwaters of the rakaia river. six of the nematode species reported by andrews were found again; viz. ostertagia ostertagi, o. circumcincta, o. trifurcata, nemat ...	1981	22133071
gastro-intestinal nematodes in sheep in kashmir.	examination at necropsy of the abomasum and intestinal tract of 62 sheep (including both sexes) of karnah breed, aged one to two years over a period of one year was conducted at handwara, situated in the north-west of kashmir valley. the following species of nematodes were found: haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, bunostomum trigonocephalum, chabertia ovina, nematodirus spathiger, skrjabinema ovis and trichuris ovis. infections with trichostrongylus axei ...	1982	6891858
anthelmintic efficacy of mebendazole suspension against induced helminth infections in south african sheep and cattle.	critical controlled tests were performed in 157 sheep (8 experiments) and 34 cattle (2 experiments) to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of mebendazole suspension, administered intraruminally via a stomach tube at a dosage rate of 15 mg of mebendazole/kg of body weight, against induced infections of immature and adult stages of commonly encountered nematode parasites in south africa. in the sheep, the controlled efficacy of mebendazole suspension was good to excellent (90.1% to 100%) against al ...	1984	6375485
efficacy of ivermectin against internal parasites of sheep.	ivermectin in an oral formulation was evaluated by the non-parametric method against a wide range of endoparasites of sheep in 15 trials involving a total of 297 sheep. ivermectin at 200 micrograms/kg was more than 80% effective in more than 80% of the treated animals (i.e. class a) against induced infestations of 3rd and 4th stage larvae and adults of chabertia ovina, dictyocaulus filaria, haemonchus contortus (including a benzimidazole-resistant strain), nematodirus spathiger, oesophagostomum ...	1984	6549472
nematoda: aerobic respiratory pathways of adult parasitic species.	aerobic respiratory pathways have been compared in adult parasitic nematodes, including trichostrongylus colubriformis, nippostrongylus brasiliensis, ostertagia ostertagi, cooperia oncophora, haemonchus contortus, oesophagostomum venulosum, chabertia ovina, dictyocaulus filaria, dictyocaulus viviparus, and ascaridia galli. respiration was measured in both whole worm or tissue homogenates and isolated mitochondrial fractions, and delineated into the mammalian type or alternative respiratory pathw ...	1984	6692887
the comparative efficacy of oxfendazole administered as bolus and suspension to naturally infected sheep in greece.	in a flock of 20 ewes naturally infected with those parasites of sheep most common in greece, and kept indoors during the whole trial, oxfendazole at the dose rate of approximately 2.9 and 2.8 mg/kg body-weight was tested as a 4 g bolus containing 112 mg active ingredient and a 2.265% suspension. the evaluation of its efficacy was based on the necropsy findings which were also supported by faecal egg counts. no differences in efficacy were noticed between the two formulations of the drug. both b ...	1986	3745877
the anthelmintic efficacy of netobimin against naturally acquired gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep.	the broad-spectrum anthelmintic efficacy of netobimin (sch 32481, schering corporation) was evaluated using 30 cross-bred spring lambs with naturally acquired infections of gastrointestinal nematodes. three groups of 10 animals each were allotted into either control (given a tap water drench as a placebo) or 7.5 and 20 mg kg-1 dosage groups (given the netobimin as an oral drench). seven to fourteen days post-treatment, animals were necropsied and nematodes recovered by standard techniques. exami ...	1987	3439008
parasites in sheep grazing on kikuyu (pennisetum clandestinum) pastures in the winter rainfall region.	regular worm counts were done post-mortem on sheep that had grazed on kikuyu pastures at the elsenburg research station near stellenbosch, a winter rainfall region. major species were trichostrongylus colubriformis, trichostrongylus axei, while ostertagia circumcincta was usually present in large numbers. minor species were haemonchus contortus, nematodirus spathiger, dictyocaulus filaria, oesophagostomum venulosum, trichuris spp., chabertia ovina and larvae of the arthropod oestrus ovis. muelle ...	1987	3587925
[helminthic cenosis of does in regions of bulgaria].	studies were carried out on the species composition of helminths as found in does in individual region of the rhodope and balkan mountains and in the northeast part of this country. a total of 28 helminth species were found, belonging to 8 families as follows: class trematoda--one family with one species; class cestoda--one family with one species; and class nematoda--6 families with 26 species. most widespread were the species chabertia ovina, with 82 per cent of infected animals; spiculopterag ...	1987	3617480
the efficacy of albendazole against some gastrointestinal nematodes in goats.	on the basis of worm counts in naturally infected angora-x goats, albendazole at either 3.8 mg/kg repeated after 24 hours or as a single dose at 7.6 mg/kg, was >99% effective in removing adult ostertagia and trichostrongylus spp. small numbers of adult haemonchus contortus, cooperia sp. and chabertia ovina were present in control but not treated animals. the single dose of 7.6 mg/kg removed >99% of adult oesophagostomum venulosum whereas the repeated dose of 3.8 mg/kg removed only 96%.	1988	16031461
an epidemiological study of parasitic gastroenteritis in sheep under an intensive grazing system.	romanov x rasa aragonesa ewes rearing twins and kept on pasture at a mean stocking density of 35 ewes ha-1 were used to study the epidemiology of parasitic gastro-enteritis under an intensive grazing system on irrigated land in the northeast of spain. measurements were made of the population of infective larvae on the pasture, level of serum pepsinogen, faecal worm eggs in ewes and lambs, and lamb growth rates. in addition, postmortem worm counts from "indicator" lambs were used to establish the ...	1989	2728330
an assessment of residual ovine nematodes on pasture under maritime conditions.	residual ovine nematode pasture infections were assessed by grazing groups of ewes and their lambs on permanent sheep and cattle pastures and by the use of tracer lambs. ostertagia spp., cooperia oncophora, nematodirus spp., chabertia ovina and trichuris spp. eggs and/or larvae survived on pastures overwinter. second generation ostertagia larvae were present in greatest numbers on pasture during the latter part of august and early september. the failure of a significant build-up of cooperia onco ...	1989	2766155
[large-intestinal nematoda in bison].	in the białowieza forest the parasitological autopsy of large intestine of 6 bisons was made at the beginning of winter of 1987-1988, and 9 dissections were made in the latter part of both seasons. four species of nematodes were found to occur together: chabertia ovina, oesophagostomum radiatum, oe. venulosum and trichocephalus ovis. at the end of wintering in bisons the invasion of ch. ovina appeared in high percent of animals, but the intensity of it was low. however, the extensity and intensi ...	1990	2256336
electrophoretic analysis of gene-enzyme systems in chabertia ovina.	in chaberia ovina species an electrophoretic study of 15 loci of the following enzymes has been conducted: glucose phosphate isomerase, mannose phosphate isomerase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase, superoxide dismutase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, hexokinase, adenylate kinase, malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, carbonic anhydrase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase. the genetic variability has been relatively high, with 40% polymorphism values noted, an 0.1 ...	1990	2332199
cryopreservation of some common nematodes of ruminants for up to 11,3 years.	infective larvae of selected batched of the following nematode species from sheep and cattle were examined for survival and infectivity (by injection into either the abomasum, the duodenum, or the jugular vein) after having been stored in liquid nitrogen for 103-136 months: haemonchus contortus, haemonchus placei, ostertagia circumcincta, ostertagia ostertagi, marshallagia marshalli, cooperia spp., trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, trichostrongylus falculatus, nematodirus sp ...	1990	2338992
effect of genetic type, lactation and management on helminth infection of ewes in an intensive grazing system on irrigated pasture.	a survey of helminth infection was conducted in a flock of 290 ewes distributed into romanov (r), merinos d'arles (m) and romanov x merinos (r x m) genetic types, grazing irrigated pasture in the south of france. faecal egg and larval counts were done seven times per year from 1981 to 1984 on homogeneous groups of ewes and then individually once to four times every autumn from 1985 to 1988. helminth fauna was diverse and more abundant during autumn. high levels of strongyle infection occurred in ...	1992	1459785
irrigation, faecal water content and development rate of free-living stages of sheep trichostrongyles.	the effect of irrigation by flooding the pastures on the ability of the eggs of sheep trichostrongyles to develop into infective larvae (l3) was estimated in outdoor conditions by depositing parasitised faeces on plots, without irrigation or submerged, at different times and durations. the rates of development of teladorsagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus vitrinus and chabertia ovina were very low in spring and summer in dry plots but proportional to the duration of submersion in the irrigated ...	1993	8220500
efficacy of moxidectin against internal parasites of sheep.	the efficacy of injectable and oral formulations of moxidectin, at a dosage of 0.2 mg kg -1 live mass was evaluated by the non-parametric method (npm) against the most common internal parasites of sheep in 9 trials involving a total of 201 sheep. both formulations obtained an a classification (more than 80% effective in more than 80% of the treated animals) against the third (l3) and fourth (l4) larval and adult stages of haemonchus contortus, teladorsagia circumcineta, trichostrongylus colubrif ...	1993	8496891
comparative efficacy of moxidectin and mebendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in experimentally infected lambs.	a controlled trial was conducted to determine the anthelmintic efficacies of moxidectin and mebendazole. the compounds were administered orally at doses of 0.2 mg/kg bodyweight and 15.0 mg/kg bodyweight, respectively, to lambs infected experimentally with large numbers of gastrointestinal nematode larvae including a benzimidazole-resistant strain of haemonchus contortus. moxidectin was 100 per cent effective against adult h contortus, ostertagia species, trichostrongylus colubriformis, cooperia ...	1994	7975106
anthelmintic resistance in australian sheep nematode populations.	the resistance status of gastro-intestinal nematodes to anthelmintics was evaluated on 881 sheep farms throughout australia during 1991-92. resistance was shown to be widespread. overall, 85% of farms had sheep infected with nematodes resistant to benzimidazole, 65% to levamisole and 34% to combination (benzimidazole+levamisole) products. resistance to ivermectin was not detected. on only 9% of farms did all anthelmintic groups reduce egg counts by greater than or equal to 95%. the culture of fa ...	1994	8048907
moisture and temperature requirements in faeces for the development of free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep, cattle and deer.	isolates from eight gastrointestinal nematode species parasitic in sheep, cattle and deer were maintained in sheep, to provide eggs in similar faecal environments and to compare temperature and moisture requirements for their development. faecal cultures were processed at different temperatures (for four species) and moisture contents (for the eight species). at 60% of faecal moisture content (fmc), maximal rates of development (expressed as l3/100 hatchable eggs estimated by an extraction techn ...	1995	8583130
[anthelmintic resistance in sheep nematodes in the netherlands].	the prevalence of anthelmintic resistant nematodes in sheep was investigated in 1994 with a faecal egg count reduction test (fecrt) and an egg hatch assay (eha) on 71 farms in the netherlands. a benzimidazole (oxfendazole) was tested on 70 farms, ivermectin on 51 farms, and levamisole on 35 farms. based on the fecrt benzimidazole resistance was present on 56 farms, 2 were suspected, on 9 no resistance was observed, while 3 farms could not be tested due to a too low egg output before treatment. n ...	1995	7900149
[helminth burden of slaughter sheep in upper bavaria. 1: species spectrum, infestation extent and infestation intensity].	the helminth fauna of 136 slaughtered sheep (99 lambs < 1 year, and 37 sheep > or = 1 year) from upper bavaria, germany, was examined. in all 2 species of trematodes, 3 species of cestodes and 24 species of nematodes were found. all the animals harboured gastrointestinal nematodes, 9 of them liver flukes, 33 moniezia spp., 19 cysticercus tenuicollis, and one sheep setaria sp. lungworms were not seen. the most prevalent species were cooperia curticei (74.3%), trichuris ovis (69.1%), ostertagia ci ...	1996	8694743
monthly fluctuations of worm burdens and hypobiosis of gastrointestinal nematodes of calves in extensive management systems in the pyrenees (spain).	monthly fluctuations of worm burdens and arrested development of gastrointestinal nematodes in cattle from a mountainous region of spain were studied. fourteen previously helminth-naive calves grazed together with a herd of 120 cattle from may to november following the traditional extensive grazing system used in mountainous regions of spain (permanent calves). each month, throughout the grazing season, two helminth-naive calves (tracer calves) were added to the herd and allowed to graze for 4 w ...	1996	9017870
the repeatability of faecal egg counts in polish wrzosówka sheep.	the number of nematode eggs in the faeces was estimated in polish wrzosówka sheep, in the spring and autumn of 1993 and again in 1994. the sheep had been naturally infected. the dominant species were haemonchus contortus and teladorsagia circumcincta, but trichostrongylus spp., cooperia curticei, nematodirus spp. and chabertia ovina were also present. anthelmintics were not used. egg counts were skewed, with a range of 0-4100 eggs g-1 (epg); most sheep had egg counts below 100 epg. egg counts we ...	1997	9211649
a survey of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of sheep in the netherlands.	the prevalence of anthelmintic resistance in nematodes of sheep was surveyed in 1994 on 70 farms in the netherlands. an in vitro egg hatch assay, faecal egg count reduction (fecr) 14 days after treatment, and larval cultures were used as methods of investigation. oxfendazole was tested on 69, ivermectin on 51, and levamisole on 36 farms. the median effective dose (ed50) of thiabendazole could be determined on 64 farms. on 60 farms (94%) the ed50 value was > or = 0.12 microgram ml-1, which is ind ...	1997	9413114
phylogenetic relationships of australian strongyloid nematodes inferred from ribosomal dna sequence data.	the sequence of the second internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal dna was determined for the following strongyloid nematodes: cylicocyclus insignis, chabertia ovina, oesophagostomum venulosum, cloacina communis, cloacina hydriformis, labiostrongylus labiostrongylus, parazoniolaimus collaris, macropostrongylus macropostrongylus, macropostrongylus yorkei, rugopharynx australis, rugopharynx rosemariae, macropostrongyloides baylisi, oesophagostomoides longispicularis and paramacropostrongylus ...	1997	9467733
efficacy of an ivermectin controlled-release capsule against nematode and arthropod endoparasites in sheep.	five controlled trials were conducted in germany or in the united kingdom, using 74 female sheep of merino or dorset horn breeds, to evaluate the efficacy of an ivermectin controlled-release capsule against naturally acquired or induced infections of gastrointestinal nematodes, lungworms and nasal bot larvae and against incoming infections with gastrointestinal and pulmonary nematodes. half of the animals were treated with one ivermectin controlled-release capsule that delivered ivermectin at th ...	1998	9571756
systematic relationships of some members of the genera oesophagostomum and chabertia (nematoda: chabertiidae) based on ribosomal dna sequence data.	the present study characterised seven species of the chabertiidae (nematoda: strongyloidea) belonging to either the subfamily oesophagostominae (oesophagostomum radiatum, oesophagostomum venulosum, oesophagostomum dentatum, oesophagostomum quadrispinulatum, oesophagostomum columbianum, oesophagostomum bifurcum) or to the subfamily chabertiinae (chabertia ovina) by their second internal transcribed spacer rdna sequence, assessed the extent of intraspecific variation and interspecific differences ...	1998	9846616
[helminth species of goats in germany].	the helminth fauna of the gastrointestinal tract of 25 and the respiratory organs and the livers of 6 german goats was qualitatively and quantitatively examined. one trematode species (dicrocoelium dendriticum), 2 species of cestodes (moniezia expansa and metacestodes of taenia hydatigena) and 28 species of nematodes (24 in the gastrointestinal tract and 4 in the lungs) were recorded. two goats were infested with oestrus ovis larvae. the most prevalent species were ostertagia circumcincta and ch ...	1998	9880938
characterization of chabertia ovina by isoenzyme gel electrophoresis: comparative study with oesophagostomum venulosum.	the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (g6pd, ec.1.1.1.49), glucose phosphate isomerase (gpi, ec.5.3.1.9), and malate dehydrogenase (mdh, ec.1.1.1.37) isoenzymatic patterns of chabertia ovina were determined by starch-gel electrophoresis. the g6pd and gpi isoenzymatic patterns were characterized by the existence of three phenotypes: (1) a single and slow anodic band, (2) a single and fast anodic band, and (3) a large spot matching its migration with bands 1 and 2. these three phenotypes may be ex ...	1999	10540947
parenterally administered gastrointestinal nematode infective larvae viable after more than 15 years in liquid nitrogen.	after cryopreservation for 13.3-15.8 years, the viability of the infective larvae (l3) of trichostrongylus axei, t. colubriformis, oesophagostomum columbianum, haemonchus contortus, ostertagia circumcincta, t. falculatus, nematodirus spathiger, chabertia ovina and dictyocaulus filaria was assessed in sheep, by being deposited at their predilection sites. d. filaria was, however, an exception, in that the l3 were injected into the jugular vein. the mean development of all the species was 22.8%, b ...	2000	10714461
[some aspects of the immune response of polish wrzosówka sheep against gastrointestinal nematodes infection].	the paper presents different aspects of natural gastrointestinal nematode infection in this primitive, prolific polish wrzosówka breed of sheep. the study was carried out on the flock located at the farm run by warsaw agricultural university at zelazna (central poland) in 1995-1998. egg counts per gram of faeces, larval differentiation, total white blood cell counts, blood eosinophil counts, interleukin-5 concentration, lymphocyte blastogenic activity and igg immune response were discussed. the ...	2000	16886364
the dynamics, prevalence and impact of nematode infections in organically raised sheep in sweden.	a three-year survey (1997-99) was carried out on organically reared sheep flocks throughout sweden. the aim was to determine the prevalence and intensity of nematode infections and to establish relationships between sheep management practices and parasite infections. faecal samples from ewes and lambs were collected from 152 organic flocks around lambing-time and during the grazing-period for analysis. results were compared with the different management practices that farmers use to prevent para ...	2001	11887398
kinetics of exsheathment of infective ovine and bovine strongylid larvae in vivo and in vitro.	the aim of the study was to investigate the longitudinal changes of exsheathment of ovine and bovine 3rd-stage strongylid larvae in an artificial rumen (rusitec) and to compare the results with in vivo data obtained from rumen-fistulated sheep. infective larvae were incubated in nylon mesh bags in the sheep rumen or the rusitec apparatus for periods of 1, 6 and 12 h, respectively. the 12 h exsheathment rates in the rumen and the rusitec apparatus (in parentheses) were as follows: haemonchus cont ...	2002	12166522
efficacy of eprinomectin pour-on against gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep.	two field trials were conducted in two farms (farms a and b) in southern italy, to assess the efficacy of eprinomectin applied topically at the dose rate of 500 micro g/kg to sheep with naturally occurring infections of gastrointestinal nematodes (gin). the nematode population determined by necropsy consisted of teladorsagia circumcincta, haemonchus contortus, trichostrongylus vitrinus, t. capricola, nematodirus sp., and chabertia ovina in sheep from farm a, and of t. circumcincta, t. vitrinus, ...	2003	12591196
morphological identification of nematode larvae of small ruminants and cattle simplified.	a simplified system has been developed to facilitate identification of nematode larvae of the common nematodes of cattle, sheep and goats. firstly, in addition to the characteristics conventionally used for identification (such as the shape of the cranial extremity and numbers of intestinal cells), the lengths of the infective sheath tails of infective larvae of each genus/species are related to that of trichostrongylus spp. instead of using measurements for differentiation. for instance, if the ...	2004	15154594
study of gastrointestinal nematodes in sicilian sheep and goats.	parasitic gastroenteritis is one of the major causes of productivity loss in sheep and goats. this report records two studies of the helminth fauna from post-mortem examination. the first study, performed on the digestive tract of 72 sheep from a central part of sicily in a high hill village (1,360 meters above sea level), between april 1996 and march 1997, showed an infection rate of 78%. the second study targeted goats from the western part of sicily and showed an infection rate of 90%. for sh ...	2004	15604491
[the occurrence of intestinal parasites of roe deer and red deer in the western pomerania voivodeship].	the aim of the study was to establish the parasite prevalence of roe deer and red deer in western pomerania.	2005	16913504
[gastrointestinal nematodes and their seasonal distribution in cattle raised in central afyonkarahisar, turkey].	this study was conducted during the period of september 2004-august 2005 in two villages with simple raising of cattle located in the center of the afyonkarahisar province. fecal samples collected from 985 cattle and the gastrointestinal tracts of 24 cattle were inspected. strongyle types of eggs were observed in 26.39% of the fecal samples. the infection was found to be less prevalent in the spring (22%) and most prevalent in autumn (32.53%). the genus of larvae observed in fecal cultures were ...	2007	17471413
prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern ethiopia.	a 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (gi) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern ethiopia. during may 2003 to april 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and gi tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of haramaya, harar, dire dawa and jijiga in eastern ethiopia. all animals were raised in the farming areas ...	2007	17969715
dose determination studies for monepantel, an amino-acetonitrile derivative, against fourth stage gastro-intestinal nematode larvae infecting sheep.	monepantel is the first compound from the recently discovered amino-acetonitrile derivative (aad) class of anthelmintics to be developed for use in sheep. three dose determination studies were conducted in australia and switzerland to identify the minimum therapeutic dose of monepantel when formulated for the oral treatment of sheep to control fourth stage (l4) gastro-intestinal nematode larvae. in each study, sheep infected with the target nematodes (selected from haemonchus contortus, teladors ...	2008	18760536
linear distribution of nematodes in the gastrointestinal tract of tracer lambs.	forty-eight tracer lambs were killed in 2004-2007. the abomasum, duodenum, small intestine (jejunum and ileum), colon and caecum were collected and processed for parasites enumeration and identification-mucosal scrapings of both abomasums and intestines were digested. out of 48 gastrointestinal tracts examined, all were found to be positive for nematode infection. seventeen species of gastrointestinal nematodes were recovered: bunostomum trigonocephalum, cooperia curticei, haemonchus contortus, ...	2008	18766377
epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep managed under traditional husbandry system in kashmir valley.	the present study was conducted with the objective to investigate the seasonal epidemiological prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (git) nematodes in different age groups, sexes and breeds (genotypes) of sheep through necropsy and faecal analysis over a period of 2 years in kashmir valley, india. a total of 1533 sheep were examined [faecal examination: 1035 (year 1: 561, year 2: 474); necropsy: 498 (year 1: 232, year 2: 266)]. out of these, 945 (61.64%) were found infected [faecal examination: ...	2008	18838225
determination of the effective dose rate for monepantel (aad 1566) against adult gastro-intestinal nematodes in sheep.	monepantel (aad 1566) is the first compound from the recently discovered amino-acetonitrile derivative (aad) class of anthelmintics to be developed for use in sheep. three dose determination studies were conducted in australia and europe to identify the therapeutic dose of monepantel, when formulated for the oral treatment of sheep, to control adult gastro-intestinal nematodes. in each study, sheep infected with various nematode species were treated with either 1.25, 2.5 or 5.0mg monepantel/kg b ...	2009	18950633
the contribution to the epidemiology of gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep with special focus on the survival of infective larvae in winter conditions.	tracer tests conducted over a 3-year period were aimed at measuring the level and species nematode composition of survival on pastures with a special focus on winter months. the survival of infective larvae in chilly conditions is not significantly affected by trichostrongylus axei, trichostrongylus colubriformis, trichostrongylus vitrinus and chabertia ovina. on the contrary, the number of teladorsagia circumcincta and nematodirus filicollis significantly increased in milder winter conditions. ...	2009	19031086
dose confirmation studies for monepantel, an amino-acetonitrile derivative, against fourth stage gastro-intestinal nematode larvae infecting sheep.	monepantel is the first compound from the recently discovered amino-acetonitrile derivative (aad) class of anthelmintics to be developed for use in sheep. nine dose confirmation studies were conducted in australia, new zealand and switzerland to confirm the minimum therapeutic oral dose of monepantel to control fourth stage (l4) gastro-intestinal nematode larvae in sheep (target species were haemonchus contortus, teladorsagia (ostertagia) circumcincta, teladorsagia trifurcata, trichostrongylus a ...	2009	19135310
a combined microscopic-molecular method for the diagnosis of strongylid infections in sheep.	we evaluated a combined microscopic-molecular approach for the diagnosis of key strongylid infections in sheep using panels of well-defined control and test samples. the method established is based on the separation of nematode eggs from faecal samples using a salt flotation procedure, the extraction and column-purification of genomic dna, followed by real-time pcr and melting-curve analysis. specific and semi-quantitative amplification from (a minimum of 0.1-2.0pg) genomic dna of haemonchus con ...	2009	19328802
[the prevalence of gastro-intestinal nematodes in hair goats of the sanliurfa region].	the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gastro-intestinal nematodes in hair goats in sanliurfa region between november 2005 and november 2006. during this period, the alimentary canal from 1 or 2 goats was obtained from the municipal slaughterhouse each week. these were brought into the laboratory and examined for the presence of nematodes. gastro-intestinal tracts of 100 hair goats were examined. of these, 83 (83%) were found infected with nematodes. twenty nematode species wer ...	2009	19367541
gastro-intestinal nematode infections in goats relative to season, host sex and age from the kashmir valley, india.	the present study aimed to investigate the seasonal epidemiological prevalence of gastro-intestinal nematodes (gins) of goats with respect to sex and age of the host in the kashmir valley from 1 february 2005 to 31 january 2007. a total of 1267 goats were examined [faecal examination: 938 (year 1: 470; year 2: 468); gastro-intestinal (git) examination: 329 (year 1: 175; year 2: 154)]. the overall prevalence of gin infection in these animals was 54.3% (year 1: 54.8%; year 2: 53.8%; p = 0.842). th ...	2010	19627625
seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep in northern region of nile delta, egypt.	over 1 year, from january to december 1999, a total of 173 slaughtered sheep at al-mahala abattoir were examined for presence of nematode parasites. eighteen sheep (10.4%) were infected with eight different species of nematodes. the prevalence rates of detected nematode parasites were; haemonchus contortus (3.5%), haemonchus placei (1.7%), trichuris ovis (5.8%), parabronema skrjabini (2.9%), ostertagia trifurcata (1.2%), chabertia ovina (0.6%) and strongyloides papillosus (0.6%), and graphidiops ...	2010	20922430
evaluation and application of a molecular method to assess the composition of strongylid nematode populations in sheep with naturally acquired infections.	we evaluated the performance of a pcr method for the diagnosis of naturally acquired strongylid nematode infections in sheep (n = 470; in a temperate climatic zone of south-eastern australia), using a panel of 100 'negative control' samples from sheep known not to harbour parasitic helminths. we compared the diagnostic sensitivity (98%) and specificity (100%) of this assay against a conventional faecal flotation method and also established a system to rank the contribution of particular strongyl ...	2011	21256979
comparison of molecular and mcmaster microscopy techniques to confirm the presence of naturally acquired strongylid nematode infections in sheep.	patent strongylid nematode infections were identified using mcmaster worm egg counts (wec) and pcr assays (its-2 nuclear ribosomal dna) to screen genomic dna extracted directly from lamb faecal samples. lambs from four different farms in southern western australia were sampled rectally on two separate occasions, with mcmaster wecs and pcrs conducted on a total of 858 samples. negative controls (n=96) (wec<50eggs per gram [epg]) and positive controls (n=96) (faecal samples spiked with a 100++l su ...	2011	21827796
efficacy of a combined oral formulation of derquantel-abamectin against the adult and larval stages of nematodes in sheep, including anthelmintic-resistant strains.	derquantel (dql), a semi-synthetic member of a novel anthelmintic class, the spiroindoles, in combination with abamectin (aba) [as the combination product startect(-«)] is a new entry for the treatment and control of parasites in sheep. the 19 studies reported herein were conducted in australia, new zealand, south africa and the united kingdom to demonstrate the efficacy of derquantel-abamectin (dql-aba) against a broad spectrum of gastrointestinal and respiratory nematodes of sheep, and to supp ...	2011	21684691
impacts of naturally acquired protozoa and strongylid nematode infections on growth and faecal attributes in lambs.	on two separate sampling occasions, faecal samples were collected from lambs (2-5 months of age) grazing pasture on two separate sheep farms in southern western australia. live weight, body condition score (bcs), faecal consistency score (fcs) and faecal dry matter percentage (dm%) were measured. faecal samples were screened by pcr for cryptosporidium (18s rrna, actin and 60kda glycoprotein [gp60] loci), giardia duodenalis (glutamate dehydrogenase [gdh] and β-giardin) and patent strongylid nemat ...	2011	21889852
establishment of a robotic, high-throughput platform for the specific diagnosis of gastrointestinal nematode infections in sheep.	the accurate diagnosis of strongylid nematode infections is central to investigating their epidemiology and for parasite control. to overcome major limitations in sensitivity or specificity of traditional methods, including faecal egg count (fec) and/or larval culture (lc), we evaluated and established a semi-automated, high throughput multiplexed-tandem pcr (mt-pcr) platform for the diagnosis of gastrointestinal strongylid nematode infections in sheep, and established its diagnostic sensitivity ...	2012	23131681
development of a modified molecular diagnostic procedure for the identification and quantification of naturally occurring strongylid larvae on pastures.	a molecular procedure was developed to detect and quantify larvae of different strongylid parasite species recovered from pasture samples. two lamb flocks (l and s) grazed separate paddocks with different natural larvae challenges (one low [paddock l] and one high [paddock s] challenge) on a commercial farm in western australia. pasture samples were collected and analysed for larvae on 9 separate occasions from each paddock. pregnant merino ewes were sampled on 3 separate occasions (2 pre-partum ...	2012	22877827
helminths of roe deer (capreolus capreolus) in the middle black sea region of turkey.	fifteen roe deer were examined at necropsy from northern turkey in the period 2006-2010 for the helminth infections. totally 6470 helminth specimens were collected and identified by morphological criteria. twenty-five helminth species were identified (1 of the class trematoda, 1 of cestoda and 23 of nematoda). dicrocoelium dendriticum (prevalence 20%) was found in liver. cysticercus tenuicollis (6.6%) was found in mesentery. haemonchus contortus (53.3%), ostertagia leptospicularis (73.3%), o. le ...	2012	22766455
molecular identification of naturally acquired strongylid infections in lambs--an investigation into how lamb age influences diagnostic sensitivity.	faecal samples (n=1155) were collected from n=111 (farm a) and n=124 (farm b) 2-6 week old female lambs on two farms in southern western australia across five sampling occasions (spanning 8 months). genomic dna was extracted directly from faecal samples and screened by pcr for its-2 nuclear ribosomal dna to detect patent strongylid infections, specifically teladorsagia circumcincta, trichostrongylus spp., haemonchus contortus, oesophagostomum spp. and chabertia ovina. the minimum amount of extra ...	2012	22284303
morphological identification of parasitic nematode infective larvae of small ruminants and cattle: a practical lab guide.	in 2004, a new concept was introduced for simplifying identification of larvae of the common nematodes of cattle, sheep and goats that comprises estimates of the lengths of the sheath tail extensions of infective third-stage larvae (l3) of each genus and/or species to that of trichostrongylus spp., instead of having to be dependent only on measurements in micrometre. for example, if the mean length of the sheath tail extension (the extension of the sheath caudad, beyond the caudal tip of the lar ...	2013	23718204
gastrointestinal nematode infections in roe deer (capreolus capreolus) from the nw of the iberian peninsula: assessment of some risk factors.	intestinal contents of 218 roe deer hunted in the northwest (nw) of the iberian peninsula during the 2008-2009 hunting seasons were examined in order to provide information on the gastrointestinal (gi) nematode prevalence and intensity of infection and the possible influence of some environmental and intrinsic factors such as climatic conditions, age and sex. all the animals studied harboured gi nematodes, and a total of 20 different species belonging to ten genera were identified. spiculopterag ...	2013	23433640
the annual population dynamics of gastrointestinal nematodes in breeding sheep of the silesian foothills, southern poland.	the study was carried out on an organic farm. the flock of the sheep (27 individuals) was naturally infected by parasites. the aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of infection with gastrointestinal nematodes. there were found species of 3 nematode families: trichostrongylidae (trichostrongylus spp., ostertagia sp., nematodirus spp., cooperia spp., haemonchus contortus); strongylidae (oesophagostomum spp., strongyloides papillosus, chabertia ovina) and ancylostomatidae (bunostomum sp. ...	2013	24791341
identification of chabertiidae (nematoda, strongylida) by pcr-rflp based method: a new diagnostic tool for cross transmission investigation between domestic and wild ruminants in france.	we describe a pcr-rflp-based method that allows reliable identification of four species of nematode parasites presenting similar infective third-stage larvae (l3) with a flagelliform tail and more than 16 intestinal cells, commonly observed in gastrointestinal tract of ruminants in france. molecular analysis of the second internal transcribed spacer (its2) of ribosomal dna, considered as a specific marker for strongylida, revealed four robust monophyletic clades corresponding to species chaberti ...	2014	25194240
the parasitic fauna of the european bison (bison bonasus) (linnaeus, 1758) and their impact on the conservation. part 1. the summarising list of parasites noted.	during the current century, 88 species of parasites have been recorded in bison bonasus. these are 22 species of protozoa (trypanosoma wrublewskii, t. theileri, giardia sp., sarcocystis cruzi, s. hirsuta, s. hominis, s. fusiformis, neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii, cryptosporidium sp., eimeria cylindrica, e. subspherica, e. bovis, e. zuernii, e. canadensis, e. ellipsoidalis, e. alabamensis, e. bukidnonensis, e. auburnensis, e. pellita, e. brasiliensis, babesia divergens), 4 trematodes species ...	2014	25119348