Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| seasonal abundance & role of predominant japanese encephalitis vectors culex tritaeniorhynchus & cx. gelidus theobald in cuddalore district, tamil nadu. | japanese encephalitis (je) is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in asia. the first major je outbreak occurred in 1978 and since 1981 several outbreaks had been reported in the cuddalore district (erstwhile south arcot), tamil nadu, india. entomological monitoring was carried out during january 2010 - march 2013, to determine the seasonal abundance and transmission dynamics of the vectors of je virus, with emphasis on the role of culex tritaeniorhynchus and cx. gelidus. | 0 | 26905238 |
| resistance status of the malaria vector mosquitoes, anopheles stephensi and anopheles subpictus towards adulticides and larvicides in arid and semi-arid areas of india. | susceptibility studies of malaria vectors anopheles stephensi liston (diptera: culicidae) and an. subpictus grassi collected during 2004-2007 from various locations of arid and semi-arid zone of india were conducted by adulticide bioassay of ddt, malathion, deltamethrin and larvicide bioassay of fenthion, temephos, chlorpyriphos and malathion using diagnostic doses. both species from all locations exhibited variable resistance to ddt and malathion from majority of location. adults of both the sp ... | 0 | 21870971 |
| revised morphological identification key to the larval anopheline (diptera: culicidae) of sri lanka. | to revise morphological identification keys to the anophelines in sri lanka. | 0 | 25183086 |
| bionomic aspects of the anopheles subpictus species complex in sri lanka. | anopheles subpictus grassi s.l. (diptera: culicidae) functions as a secondary malaria vector to anopheles culicifacies giles s.l. (diptera: culicidae) in sri lanka. the taxon a. subpictus is reported to exist as a species complex comprising four sibling species (a-d) that can be differentiated through polytene chromosome banding patterns and stage-specific morphometric traits in india. based on the morphological characteristics described for the indian subpictus complex, the presence of all four ... | 0 | 25205254 |
| diversity and convergence of sodium channel mutations involved in resistance to pyrethroids. | pyrethroid insecticides target voltage-gated sodium channels, which are critical for electrical signaling in the nervous system. the intensive use of pyrethroids in controlling arthropod pests and disease vectors has led to many instances of pyrethroid resistance around the globe. in the past two decades, studies have identified a large number of sodium channel mutations that are associated with resistance to pyrethroids. the purpose of this review is to summarize both common and unique sodium c ... | 0 | 24019556 |
| larvicidal and irritant activities of hexane leaf extracts of citrus sinensis against dengue vector aedes aegypti l. | to assess the larvicidal and irritant activities of the hexane extracts of leaves of citrus sinensis (c. sinensis) against the early fourth instars and female adults of aedes aegypti (ae. aegypti). | 0 | 23569887 |
| cassia fistula linn: potential candidate in the health management. | cassia fistula linn is known as golden shower has therapeutics importance in health care since ancient times. research findings over the last two decade have confirmed the therapeutics consequence of c. fistula in the health management via modulation of biological activities due to the rich source of antioxidant. several findings based on the animal model have confirmed the pharmacologically safety and efficacy and have opened a new window for human health management. this review reveals additio ... | 0 | 26130932 |
| l1014f-kdr mutation in indian anopheles subpictus (diptera: culicidae) arising from two alternative transversions in the voltage-gated sodium channel and a single pira-pcr for their detection. | leucine-to-phenylalanine substitution at residue l1014 in the voltage-gated sodium channel, target site of action for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt) and pyrethroids, is the most common knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation reported in several insects conferring resistance against ddt and pyrethroids. here, we report presence of two coexisting alternative transversions, a>t and a>c, on the third codon position of l1014 residue in malaria vector anopheles subpictus grassi (species a) from jam ... | 0 | 26336276 |
| genotoxicity evaluation of acephate and profenofos by the pcr-rflp assay. | in this study we have evaluated the genotoxic potential of pesticides acephate and profenofos by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) assay with the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus taken as experimental model. | 0 | 24748740 |
| mutagenicity assessment of organophosphates using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. | in this study we have evaluated the mutagenicity of organophosphate pesticides acephate, chlorpyrifos, and profenofos using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) assay with the mosquito culex quinquefasciatus taken as an experimental model. | 0 | 24403735 |
| efficacy of indigenous plant extracts on the malaria vector anopheles subpictus grassi (diptera: culicidae). | mosquito control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. insecticides of plant origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. the purpose of the present study was to assess the ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol extracts of andrographis paniculata, eclipta prostrata and tagetes erecta leaves tested for oviposition-deterrent, ovicidal and repellent activities against malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi (diptera: culic ... | 0 | 21985822 |
| the intranuclear inclusions in the mid-gut of the larva of anopheles subpictus. | 1957 | 13441315 | |
| the insecticide-resistance problem: a review of developments in 1956 and 1957. | the author reviews the growth of the insecticide-resistance problem throughout the world during the period between july 1956 and november 1957, and the developments in research on the subject during the same period.three new resistant species have been discovered-anopheles subpictus, chrysomyia putoria and rhipicephalus sanguineus-and eight new types of resistance in already resistant species have been observed. moreover, the geographical area covered by certain resistant insect populations has ... | 1958 | 13536795 |
| a note on anopheles subpictus grassi and a. indefinitus ludlow (diptera: culicidae). | 1966 | 5986753 | |
| the salivary chromosomes of anopheles subpictus. | 1973 | 4788365 | |
| the hybridization of anopheles litoralis king and anopheles subpictus grassi (diptera, culicidae). | 1973 | 4779926 | |
| letter: a note on the distribution and prevalence of anopheles subpictus grassi. | 1975 | 1061460 | |
| cytological and morphological evidence for sibling species in anopheles subpictus grassi. | 1982 | 7142680 | |
| control of anopheles subpictus breeding in backwaters of two coastal villages of pondicherry. | 1984 | 6519720 | |
| salinity tolerance of sibling species in the taxon anopheles subpictus grassi, 1899. | 1984 | 6519721 | |
| field observations on the swarming & the mating behaviour of anopheles subpictus grassi 1899. | 1984 | 6519719 | |
| laboratory studies on the biology of anopheles subpictus grassi, 1899. | 1984 | 6519718 | |
| studies on the development of plasmodium vivax in anopheles subpictus. | 1987 | 3330714 | |
| experimental infection of anopheles subpictus larvae by coelomomyces indicus in vivo. | 1987 | 3623646 | |
| breeding habitats of mosquitoes in goa. | studies carried out in goa from 1986 to 1987 revealed immature stages of 43 species of mosquitoes. breeding habitats were divided into three categories, viz., (i) ground water habitats consisting of ground pools and tanks, rocky pools, paddy fields and stream beds, yielding 30 species; (ii) plant habitats consisting of tree holes and fallen coconut shells and leaf sheaths yielding 20 species; and (iii) domestic/peridomestic habitats consisting of cement tanks, glass, earthen, metallic containers ... | 1989 | 2572463 |
| pesticide selection pressure on anopheles subpictus in sri lanka: comparison with two other sri lankan anophelines. | adult anopheles subpictus from sri lanka show a broad spectrum of resistance towards organophosphate insecticides but not to carbamates in contrast to the broad resistance to organophosphates and carbamates reported earlier for an. nigerrimus. in both species the frequency of resistance to malathion and fenitrothion increased between 1980 and 1987, despite the ban on agricultural use of these two compounds and the restriction of malathion to indoor residual spraying in malaria control since 1977 ... | 1989 | 2617615 |
| a survey on indoor resting mosquito species in phnom penh, kampuchea. | indoor resting mosquitoes were collected in 7 localities (250 houses) of phnom penh at various periods. the mosquitoes were collected for 8 min in every house by means of an aspirator and net. a total of 16 species of mosquitoes resting in houses were found, one of them for the first time in kampuchea. culex quinquefasciatus was the predominant species in 6 of the localities observed; its predominance in houses was more or less evident; aedes aegypti prevailed in one locality. the percentage of ... | 1990 | 2370029 |
| evaluation of the water fern azolla microphylla for mosquito population management in the rice-land agro-ecosystem of south india. | the floating water fern azolla microphylla kaulfess was evaluated as a biocontrol agent against mosquitoes breeding in rice fields in tamil nadu, south india. anopheles subpictus grassi, culex pseudovishnui colless and culex tritaeniorhynchus giles were the predominant species of mosquitoes, with peak densities of late instar larvae and pupae occurring during the second week after transplantation of rice seedlings of short-term (c. 80 days from transplantation to harvest) or medium-term (c. 95 d ... | 1991 | 1768923 |
| evaluation of a microgel droplet formulation of bacillus sphaericus 1593 m (biocide-s) for control of mosquito larvae in rice fields in southern india. | a new microgel droplet formulation of bacillus sphaericus 1593 m (biocide-s) was tested at 2 rates against culicine vectors of japanese encephalitis and anopheles subpictus. a single application just after transplantation of rice seedlings prevented the buildup of anopheline as well as culicine populations, and gave 83-100% reduction of pupal density at the lower rate (2.2 kg/ha) and 87-100% reduction at the higher dosage (4.3 kg/ha) for at least 5 weeks. during the last 3 wk before harvest, den ... | 1991 | 1787400 |
| gel diffusion analysis of host preference pattern of anopheles subpictus in west bengal, india. | host preference pattern of anopheles subpictus was studied from cattlesheds and human dwellings of uttarpara, hooghly, west bengal using a modified gel diffusion technique. our results reveal that an subpictus is becoming less zoophagic in this area. | 1991 | 1822452 |
| malaria transmission by anopheles subpictus (diptera: culicidae) in a new irrigation project in sri lanka. | indoor resting anopheles subpictus in a new irrigation scheme in sri lanka were investigated during 1989-1990 for malaria infection by dissection and elisa, and human feeding rates by elisa analysis of blood meals. indoor resting abundance was 22.3 females per house per 15-min catch in april-june 1989, 2.2 in november-december 1989, and 7.5 in april-june 1990. elisa-based malaria infection rates (plasmodium vivax and p. falciparum combined) were 1.4% during april-june and 3.2% during november-de ... | 1992 | 1495065 |
| prevalence and seasonal distribution of anopheline fauna in district bikaner (rajasthan). | a survey was carried out during 1989-91 to study the prevalence and distribution of anopheline mosquitoes in 12 villages located in all the 4 tehsils of bikaner district. six species, viz. anopheles subpictus (34.7%), an. stephensi (33.3%), an. culicifacies (18.0%), an. annularis (12.1%), an. pulcherrimus (1.1%) and an. barbirostris (0.8%), were collected. an. stephensi was present throughout the year and the other species were present during the monsoon and post-monsoon periods. during the peak ... | 1993 | 8131880 |
| field evaluation of a microgel droplet formulation of bacillus sphaericus 1593m (biocide-s) against anopheles culicifacies and anopheles subpictus in south india. | a microgel droplet formulation of bacillus sphaericus 1593m (biocide-s) was field tested at two different doses viz, 0.22 and 0.43 g/m2 in casuarina pits against a malarial vector anopheles (cellia) culicifacies giles, and an. (cel.) subpictus grassi in coconut garden pits in the coastal areas of south india. both doses significantly reduced the abundance of late instars and pupae of an. culicifacies for 3 and 5 weeks respectively. a significant reduction was recorded in the abundance of late in ... | 1993 | 8266244 |
| morphological and chromosomal descriptions of new species in the anopheles subpictus complex. | anopheles subpictus grassi is shown to comprise four reproductively distinct species, designated a, b, c and d, occurring sympatrically in villages of pondicherry, southeast india. adult females were reared individually from wild larvae and examined for their morphological and chromosomal characters. paracentric fixed inversions on the x-chromosome serve to distinguish the species cytogenetically, with no inversion heterozygotes (i.e. no interspecific hybrids) among totals of 717 species a (x+a, ... | 1994 | 8161853 |
| pyrethroid-impregnated hessian curtains for protection against mosquitoes indoors in south india. | hessian curtains impregnated with deltamethrin 50 mg/m2 were hung in the eaves and doorways of eight one-roomed huts in madurai, tamil nadu state, south india. statistically significant reductions of indoor-resting and man-biting densities of the mosquitoes anopheles subpictus and culex quinquefasciatus were observed for 14 weeks, in two field trials. bioassays on curtains in the field showed over 50% mortality of cx quinquefasciatus and an.stephensi for up to 8 weeks. the curtains were highly a ... | 1995 | 7787225 |
| age structure of anopheles subpictus (diptera:culicidae) collected by a light trap in halmahela, indonesia. | age structure of anopheles subpictus grassi was studied at a halmahela village, indonesia. ovary development of females reared with 2% sugar solution after emergence ceased at stage i and their ovary size remained small (mean length x width = 0.68 x 0.18 mm). females with such small ovaries occupied 21.2% of unfed stage i females in cattle-bait samples. the remaining unfed stage i or ii females had cleary larger ovaries (mean 1.17 x 0.39 mm). unfed stage i or ii females collected by the outdoor ... | 1995 | 9139391 |
| anopheles subpictus complex: distribution of sibling species in sri lanka. | to determine the sibling species composition of an. subpictus complex in sri lanka polytene chromosomes of ovarian nurse cells were examined. samples of an. subpictus s.l. were collected from 65 of the 73 health areas surveyed. of 3095 ovaries collected 869 polytene chromosomes preparation were identified as sibling species a and 77 b. species b was present only in coastal localities of the island whereas species a was found both in coastal and inland areas with predominance in inland areas. thi ... | 1996 | 8952168 |
| metaphase karyotypes of anopheles of thailand and southeast asia. vi. the pyretophorus and the neomyzomyia series, subgenus cellia (diptera:culicidae). | a total of 6 species of the pyretophorus (4 species) and neomyzomyia (2 species) series of the subgenus cellia of anopheles were used for metaphase karyotype analysis. anopheles subpictus and an. vagus exhibit 4 and 2 forms of mitotic karyotypes, respectively, which are attributable to different types of y chromosomes. such distinctive mitotic chromosomes may reflect interspecies differences within each of these 2 taxa. two distinct species, an. indefinitus and an. sundaicus, show similar metaph ... | 1996 | 9046474 |
| biting rhythms of some anophelines in central gujarat. | a total of 41,552 anophelines comprising 16 species were collected during 70 all-night bovine-bait collection carried out in six villages of kheda district, gujarat. anopheles subpictus, an. varuna, an. culicifacies, an. stephensi and an. vagus had unimodal biting rhythms. most feeding occurred during the early night with occasional increase during pre-dawn/dawn hours. an. pallidus exhibited bimodal biting rhythm with two well-defined peaks. an. turkhudi, an. tessellatus, an. fluviatilis, an. ac ... | 1996 | 9125832 |
| virus isolation from wild-caught mosquitoes during a japanese encephalitis outbreak in kerala in 1996. | out of 5357 wild-caught mosquitoes in 163 pools tested for virus using antigen capture elisa and an insect-bioassay (inoculation into toxorhynchites splendens larvae and identification by ifa using je virus-specific monoclonal antibody), 16 flavivirus isolations were made of which 12 (75%) were identified as je virus. of the 12 je virus isolations, 7 were from culex tritaeniorhynchus, 3 from mansonia uniformis and 1 each from ma. indiana and anopheles subpictus. four isolations from mansonia spe ... | 1997 | 9248207 |
| the distribution of common anopheles mosquitoes in northwestern peninsular malaysia. | using cow-baited net traps in the coastal and hilly areas of northern peninsular malaysia, 21 species of anopheles mosquitoes were found. the distribution of common anopheles is presented. the composition of the anopheline mosquito fauna was more diversified in the coastal areas than in the hilly areas. the displacement of anopheles sundaicus by anopheles subpictus and the disappearance of anopheles hackeri in the coastal area were noted. | 1997 | 9491360 |
| comparative susceptibility of anopheles subpictus from fresh and brackish water areas to plasmodium falciparum infection. | anopheles subpictus from fresh and brackish water areas were fed simultaneously, on five volunteers, with plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in their blood. the susceptibility to infection was compared. infections were found in both waters, but to different degrees. the mean susceptibility rate among fed mosquitoes was 6.1% from the fresh water area and 17.4% from the brackish water area. the mean number of oocysts in the former was 3.4 +/- 3.2 and 4.2 +/- 4.32 in the latter. the mortality rate, ... | 1998 | 9707359 |
| sequence heterogeneity in copia-like retrotransposons in anopheles (diptera: culicidae) in thailand. | degenerate primers and the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) detected a conserved region of copia-like reverse transcriptase from anopheles mosquitoes in thailand. a total of 43 subclone pcr fragments of the size expected for reverse transcriptase of copia-like elements was isolated from anopheles dirus (peyton & harrison) subspecies a, anopheles maculatus (theobald) subspecies e, anopheles nivipes (theobald), and anopheles subpictus grassi. sequence analysis of subclones confirmed the identity of ... | 1998 | 9775607 |
| species diversity and interspecific associations among mosquitoes in rice agro-ecosystem of kheda district, gujarat. | rice agro-ecosystem of kheda district in central gujarat was inhabited by 14 species of anophelines and 15 species of culicines. anopheles subpictus and culex vishnui gr dominated the respective groups. species diversity in rice fields as well as in associated habitats remained high during non-monsoon (rabi) period. there existed several positive and negative interspecific associations. malaria vector an. culicifacies showed positive association with an. subpictus, an. annularis, an. pallidus an ... | 1998 | 10319558 |
| population dynamics of mosquito immatures and the succession in abundance of aquatic insects in rice fields in madurai, south india. | studies on the breeding pattern of mosquito immatures and the successional changes in the abundance of aquatic insects were conducted in rice fields near madurai, south india. the population of late (iii/iv) larval instars of culicines peaked on day 28 and pupae (culex tritaeniorhynchus, cx. pseudovishnui and cx. vishnui) peaked on day 9 after transplantation, whereas the population of late (iii/iv) larval instars of anophelines peaked on day 19 and pupae of anopheles subpictus and an. vagus on ... | 1999 | 11304916 |
| analysis of relationship between anopheles subpictus larval densities and environmental parameters using remote sensing (rs), a global positioning system (gps) and a geographic information system (gis). | remote sensing (rs), a global positioning system (gps) and a geographic information system (gis) were used to analyze relationship between anopheles subpictus larval densities and environmental parameters in the sekotong district on lombok island, indonesia. distance from the coast to larval habitats, season and surface water were considered as environmental parameters for determining an. subpictus larval densities. japanese earth resources satellite (jers) visible and near infrared radiometer ( ... | 2000 | 11501013 |
| susceptibility of ten species of mosquito larvae to the parasitic nematode romanomermis iyengari and its development. | ten species of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) from five genera were exposed to preparasites of the tropical mermithid nematode species romanomermis iyengari (welch) (nematoda: mermithidae), a strain isolated in 1978 from pondicherry. by exposing mosquito larvae during the second instar, nematode infection was invariably lethal, the rate being highest in culex sitiens wiedemann (95%) followed by cx. quinquefasciatus say (90%), aedes aegypti (l.) (79%), anopheles subpictus grassi (64%), ae. albop ... | 2000 | 11129707 |
| breeding of anopheles mosquitoes in irrigated areas of south punjab, pakistan. | as part of investigations on potential linkages between irrigation and malaria transmission, all surface water bodies in and around three villages along an irrigation distributary in south punjab, pakistan, were surveyed for anopheline mosquito larvae (diptera: culicidae) from april 1999 to march 2000. samples were characterized according to exposure to sunlight, substratum, presence of vegetation, fauna, inorganic matter and physical water condition (clear/turbid/foul). also water temperature, ... | 2001 | 11583440 |
| control of malaria vectors with the insect growth regulator pyriproxyfen in a gem-mining area in sri lanka. | the study was conducted in eight adjacent villages in central sri lanka where there are many shallow pits dug by gem miners that fill with water. these become breeding places of the main malarial vector anopheles culicifacies, and of the second most important vector anopheles subpictus, but not of anopheles varuna, the third most important vector. with the help of local volunteers, data on the adult populations of these three species was collected by various standard methods, and data on the inc ... | 2001 | 11700185 |
| oviposition attractancy of an infusion from a wood inhabiting fungus for vector mosquitoes. | review of literature indicates that none of the chemicals so far studied for oviposition attractancy was found to be promising for operational use. efforts are being made to find an effective substance to corner a large number of ovipositing females to selective breeding sites for ease of control operation. this will reduce insecticidal consumption and will be cost-effective. this study is aimed to evaluate the oviposition attractancy of aqueous infusion from a wood inhabiting fungus (polyporus ... | 2001 | 11762202 |
| seasonal prevalence of culex vishnui subgroup, the major vectors of japanese encephalitis virus in an endemic district of andhra pradesh, india. | seasonal prevalence of members of the culex vishnui subgroup, the major vectors of japanese encephalitis virus (je) in an endemic district of andhra pradesh, was investigated. approximately 15,500 mosquitoes belonging to 2 genera and 5 species were collected by indoor-resting collections. the predominant species were found to be from the cx. vishnui subgroup, which comprised 42.6% of the total collection, followed by anopheles subpictus (40.4%), an. hyrcanus (12.8%), cx. gelidus (3.5%), and an. ... | 2002 | 12542185 |
| 'a mate or a meal'--pre-gravid behaviour of female anopheles gambiae from the islands of são tomé and príncipe, west africa. | malaria prevalence differs between the two islands that comprise the archipelago of são tomé and príncipe. this may be due to differences in the biology of local anopheles gambiae, the only vector on the islands. survival rate and feeding frequency are two factors influencing vectorial capacity. anophelines generally feed just once per gonotrophic (oviposition) cycle. newly emerged insects, however, may feed two or more times during their first oviposition cycle thus increasing the likelihood of ... | 2003 | 12801421 |
| sri lanka malaria maps. | despite a relatively good national case reporting system in sri lanka, detailed maps of malaria distribution have not been publicly available. | 2003 | 12914667 |
| susceptibility status of japanese encephalitis vectors in kurnool and mehboobnagar districts of andhra pradesh, india. | an entomological survey in kurnool and mahboobnagar districts of andhra pradesh state, india was undertaken in january, 2002 to find out vector population of japanese encephalitis and their susceptibility status to different insecticides. five culicine species viz. of cx. tritaeniorhynchus, cx. vishnui, cx. pseudovishnui, cx. bitaeniorhynchus, cx. gelidus were captured during the survey. another suspected vectors anopheles subpictus and an. hyrcanus were also prevalent in the study villages. the ... | 2003 | 15562958 |
| a long-term study on vector abundance & seasonal prevalence in relation to the occurrence of japanese encephalitis in gorakhpur district, uttar pradesh. | japanese encephalitis (je) virus is an important cause of viral encephalitis in gorakhpur district, up. the area has been experiencing outbreaks of je since 1978. no in-depth longitudinal studies have been carried out on the mosquito species, particularly je vectors prevailing in the area. entomological studies were carried out in the district in order to determine the species composition, relative abundance and seasonal prevalence of mosquitoes in relation to the incidence of je. | 2003 | 14575175 |
| adult anopheline ecology and malaria transmission in irrigated areas of south punjab, pakistan. | surface irrigation in the punjab province of pakistan has been carried out on a large scale since the development of the indus basin irrigation system in the late 19th century. the objective of our study was to understand how the population dynamics of adult anopheline mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) could be related to malaria transmission in rural areas with intensive irrigation and a history of malaria epidemics. in this paper we present our observations from three villages located along an i ... | 2004 | 15189239 |
| morphotaxonomic studies to identify the members of the anopheles subpictus grassi (diptera: culicidae) species complex in riverine villages of district sonepat, haryana state, india. | anopheles subpictus was reported to be a complex of four sibling species provisionally designated as species a, b, c and d. present studies in district sonepat, haryana have revealed the sympatricity of species a, c and d based on the reported distinct morphotaxanomical identification characters in different life stages of the mosquito. studies on field collected adult mosquitoes and isofemale progeny did not show variations in the prevalence of sibling species and also showed a possibility of u ... | 2004 | 16295684 |
| evaluation of environmental data for identification of anopheles (diptera: culicidae) aquatic larval habitats in kisumu and malindi, kenya. | this research evaluates the extent to which use of environmental data acquired from field and satellite surveys enhances predictions of urban mosquito counts. mosquito larval habitats were sampled, and multispectral thermal imager (mti) satellite data in the visible spectrum at 5-m resolution were acquired for kisumu and malindi, kenya, during february and march 2001. all entomological parameters were collected from january to may 2001, june to august 2002, and june to august 2003. in a poisson ... | 2005 | 16365996 |
| malarial vectors in an irrigated rice cultivation area in southern sri lanka. | entomological surveys were carried out from march 1998 to december 1999 to study the prevalence, distribution and abundance of malarial vectors in relation to selected environmental factors and potential mosquito breeding sites in irrigation channels in 15 villages in the lunugamvehera irrigation and settlement project, a malaria-endemic area of southern sri lanka. mosquito collections were made at monthly intervals using four sampling methods. thirteen anopheline species were collected. followi ... | 2005 | 15607337 |
| maps of the sri lanka malaria situation preceding the tsunami and key aspects to be considered in the emergency phase and beyond. | following the tsunami, a detailed overview of the area specific transmission levels is essential in assessing the risk of malaria in sri lanka. recent information on vector insecticide resistance, parasite drug resistance, and insights into the national policy for malaria diagnosis and treatment are important in assisting national and international agencies in their control efforts. | 2005 | 15676073 |
| the larval habitat of verrallina (verrallina) lugubris and chaetotaxy of field-collected larvae. | the larval habitat of verrallina lugubris (barraud) is defined based upon collection of 648 larvae from swamp pools from january to march 1998 in pichavaram mangrove forest, and 125 larvae during september 1997 in maravakadu mangrove forest in the eastern coast of south india. salinity of the larval habitat ranged from 12,150 to 24,500 mg/liter in pichavaram and from 11,600 to 13,000 mg/liter in maravakadu. associated mosquito species were culex sitiens wiedemann, ochlerotatus portonovoensis (te ... | 2005 | 15825769 |
| chromosome speciation: humans, drosophila, and mosquitoes. | chromosome rearrangements (such as inversions, fusions, and fissions) may play significant roles in the speciation between parapatric (contiguous) or partly sympatric (geographically overlapping) populations. according to the "hybrid-dysfunction" model, speciation occurs because hybrids with heterozygous chromosome rearrangements produce dysfunctional gametes and thus have low reproductive fitness. natural selection will, therefore, promote mutations that reduce the probability of intercrossing ... | 2005 | 15851677 |
| altered environment and risk of malaria outbreak in south andaman, andaman & nicobar islands, india affected by tsunami disaster. | pools of salt water and puddles created by giant waves from the sea due to the tsunami that occurred on 26th december 2004 would facilitate increased breeding of brackish water malaria vector, anopheles sundaicus. land uplifts in north andaman and subsidence in south andaman have been reported and subsidence may lead to environmental disturbances and vector proliferation. this warrants a situation analysis and vector surveillance in the tsunami hit areas endemic for malaria transmitted by bracki ... | 2005 | 16029514 |
| spatiotemporal distribution of insecticide resistance in anopheles culicifacies and anopheles subpictus in sri lanka. | the malaria situation in sri lanka worsened during the 1990s with the emergence and spread of resistance to the drugs and insecticides used for control. chloroquine resistance has increased rapidly over this period, but adverse changes in malaria transmission are more closely associated with insecticide use rather than drug resistance. insecticide susceptibility tests were routinely carried out in key anopheline vectors across the country for more than a decade. these sentinel data were combined ... | 2005 | 16099009 |
| ecology of invasive mosquitoes: effects on resident species and on human health. | investigations of biological invasions focus on patterns and processes that are related to introduction, establishment, spread and impacts of introduced species. this review focuses on the ecological interactions operating during invasions by the most prominent group of insect vectors of disease, mosquitoes. first, we review characteristics of non-native mosquito species that have established viable populations, and those invasive species that have spread widely and had major impacts, testing wh ... | 2005 | 17637849 |
| long-term study of japanese encephalitis virus infection in anopheles subpictus in cuddalore district, tamil nadu, south india. | to investigate the role of anopheles subpictus grassi as a vector of japanese encephalitis virus (jev) transmission in cuddalore, an area of tamil nadu endemic for the disease. | 2006 | 16553908 |
| breakpoint structure reveals the unique origin of an interspecific chromosomal inversion (2la) in the anopheles gambiae complex. | paracentric chromosomal inversions are major architects of organismal evolution and have been associated with adaptations relevant to malaria transmission in anopheline mosquitoes. the processes responsible for their origin and maintenance, still poorly understood, can be illuminated by analysis of inversion breakpoint sequences. here, we report the breakpoint structure of chromosomal inversion 2la from the principal malaria vector anopheles gambiae and its relatives in the a. gambiae complex. t ... | 2006 | 16606844 |
| malaria in sri lanka: one year post-tsunami. | one year ago, the authors of this article reported in this journal on the malaria situation in sri lanka prior to the tsunami that hit on 26 december 2004, and estimated the likelihood of a post-tsunami malaria outbreak to be low. malaria incidence has decreased in 2005 as compared to 2004 in most districts, including the ones that were hit hardest by the tsunami. the malaria incidence (aggregated for the whole country) in 2005 followed the downward trend that started in 2000. however, surveilla ... | 2006 | 16700913 |
| importance of waste stabilization ponds and wastewater irrigation in the generation of vector mosquitoes in pakistan. | the objective of the current study was to investigate the role of waste stabilization ponds (wsp) and wastewater-irrigated sites for the production of mosquitoes of medical importance. mosquito larvae were collected fortnightly from july 2001 to june 2002 in faisalabad, pakistan. in total, 3,132 water samples from wsp and irrigated areas yielded 606,053 culex larvae of five species. in addition, 107,113 anophelines, representing eight species were collected. anopheles subpictus (grassi) and cule ... | 2006 | 17017239 |
| eco-friendly control of mosquito larvae by brachytron pratense nymph. | the study reported here revealed the biocontrol efficacy of aquatic nymphs of the dragonfly brachytron pratense against larvae of the mosquito anopheles subpictus. it was found that during a 24-hour study period, a nymph of b. pratense would consume (mean value of three observations) 66 fourth-instar an. subpictus larvae released in a water bowl containing 3 liters of pond water. the consumption rate was significantly higher (p < .05) during the lights-on phase of the experiment than during the ... | 2007 | 17450955 |
| mosquito species associated within some western himalayas phytogeographic zones in the garhwal region of india. | thirty four species of mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) were collected across three phytogeographic zones; tropical (300 to 1000 m), sub tropical (1000 to 2000 m) and temperate (2000 to 3000 m) in the garhwal region of india. they included 5 genera: aedes, anopheles, armigeres, culex and uranotaenia. of these, the immature forms of 23 species were recovered from different breeding habitats. the larval habitats were seepage pools, river beds, rice fields, tanks, forest pools, ditches, streams, roc ... | 2007 | 20233101 |
| impact of urban agriculture on malaria vectors in accra, ghana. | to investigate the impact of urban agriculture on malaria transmission risk in urban accra larval and adult stage mosquito surveys, were performed. local transmission was implicated as anopheles spp. were found breeding and infected anopheles mosquitoes were found resting in houses in the study sites. the predominant anopheles species was anopheles gambiae s.s.. the relative proportion of molecular forms within a subset of specimens was 86% s-form and 14% m-form. anopheles spp. and culex quinque ... | 2008 | 18680565 |
| multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms involving metabolic changes and insensitive target sites selected in anopheline vectors of malaria in sri lanka. | the current status of insecticide resistance and the underlying resistance mechanisms were studied in the major vector of malaria, anopheles culicifacies, and the secondary vector, anopheles subpictus in five districts (anuradhapura, kurunegala, moneragala, puttalam and trincomalee) of sri lanka. eight other anophelines, anopheles annularis, anopheles barbirostris, anopheles jamesii, anopheles nigerrimus, anopheles peditaeniatus, anopheles tessellatus, anopheles vagus and anopheles varuna from a ... | 2008 | 18755020 |
| biocontrol of larval mosquitoes by acilius sulcatus (coleoptera: dytiscidae). | problems associated with resistant mosquitoes and the effects on non-target species by chemicals, evoke a reason to find alternative methods to control mosquitoes, like the use of natural predators. in this regard, aquatic coleopterans have been explored less compared to other insect predators. in the present study, an evaluation of the role of the larvae of acilius sulcatus linnaeus 1758 (coleoptera: dytiscidae) as predator of mosquito immatures was made in the laboratory. its efficacy under fi ... | 2008 | 18922168 |
| epochal changes in the association between malaria epidemics and el niño in sri lanka. | el niño events were suggested as a potential predictor for malaria epidemics in sri lanka based on the coincidence of nine out of 16 epidemics with el niño events from 1870 to 1945. here the potential for the use of el niño predictions to anticipate epidemics was examined using enhanced climatic and epidemiological data from 1870 to 2000. | 2008 | 18652697 |
| studies on prevalence of anopheline species and community perception of malaria in jaffna district, sri lanka. | over two decades of civil unrest and the conflict situation have had detrimental effects on vector control activities and management of malaria in jaffna district which is an endemic region for malaria in sri lanka. with the background that only a few small-scale studies on malaria and its vectors have been reported from this district, a study was designed to explore the current status of malaria in the jaffna district in relation to vector and community aspects. | 2008 | 18807380 |
| evaluation of larvicidal and nymphicidal potential of plant extracts against anopheles subpictus grassi, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles and aphis gossypii glover. | the acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol extracts of peel and leaf extracts of citrus sinensis, ocimum canum, ocimum sanctum and rhinacanthus nasutus were tested against fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi, japanese encephalitis vector, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles (diptera: culicidae) and feeding deterrence to nymphs of cotton pest, aphis gossypii glover (homoptera: aphididae). the larval and nymph mortality were observed after 24 h of exposure ... | 2009 | 19050919 |
| absence of knockdown resistance suggests metabolic resistance in the main malaria vectors of the mekong region. | as insecticide resistance may jeopardize the successful malaria control programmes in the mekong region, a large investigation was previously conducted in the mekong countries to assess the susceptibility of the main malaria vectors against ddt and pyrethroid insecticides. it showed that the main vector, anopheles epiroticus, was highly pyrethroid-resistant in the mekong delta, whereas anopheles minimus sensu lato was pyrethroid-resistant in northern vietnam. anopheles dirus sensu stricto showed ... | 2009 | 19400943 |
| larvicidal potential of medicinal plant extracts against anopheles subpictus grassi and culex tritaeniorhynchus giles (diptera: culicidae). | mosquito control is facing a threat due to the emergence of resistance to synthetic insecticides. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. the acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, methanol and petroleum ether extracts of leaf, flower and seed of cassia auriculata l., leucas aspera (willd.), rhinacanthus nasutus kurz., solanum torvum swartz and vitex negundo linn. were tested against fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, anop ... | 2009 | 19085005 |
| laboratory study on larvicidal activity of indigenous plant extracts against anopheles subpictus and culex tritaeniorhynchus. | anopheles subpictus and culex tritaeniorhynchus have developed resistance to various synthetic insecticides, making its control increasingly difficult. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. the leaf acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol extracts of aegle marmelos (linn.) correa ex roxb, andrographis lineata wallich ex nees., andrographis paniculata (burm.f.) wall. ex nees., cocculus hirsutus (l.) diels, eclipta ... | 2009 | 19165502 |
| laboratory determination of efficacy of indigenous plant extracts for parasites control. | the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of acetone, chloroform, ethyl acetate, hexane, and methanol dried leaf, flower, and seed extracts of achyranthes aspera l., anisomeles malabarica (l.) r. br., gloriosa superba l., psidium guajava l., ricinus communis l., and solanum trilobatum l. tested against the larvae of cattle tick rhipicephalus (boophilus) microplus (canestrini 1887) (acari: ixodidae), sheep internal parasite paramphistom ... | 2009 | 19308453 |
| a supervised land cover classification of a western kenya lowland endemic for human malaria: associations of land cover with larval anopheles habitats. | a supervised land cover classification was developed from very high resolution ikonos satellite data and extensive ground truth sampling of a ca. 10 sq km malaria-endemic lowland in western kenya. the classification was then applied to an investigation of distribution of larval anopheles habitats. the hypothesis was that the distribution and abundance of aquatic habitats of larvae of various species of mosquitoes in the genus anopheles is associated with identifiable landscape features. | 2009 | 19371425 |
| role of fish as predators of mosquito larvae on the floodplain of the gambia river. | we examined the potential of using native fish species in regulating mosquitoes in the floodplain of the gambia river, the major source of mosquitoes in rural parts of the gambia. fishes and mosquito larvae were sampled along two 2.3-km-long transects, from the landward edge of the floodplain to the river from may to november 2005 to 2007. a semifield trial was used to test the predatory capacity of fish on mosquito larvae and the influence of fish chemical cues on oviposition. in the field, the ... | 2009 | 19496426 |
| longitudinal studies of japanese encephalitis virus infection in vector mosquitoes in kurnool district, andhra pradesh, south india. | a 4-yr (2002-2006) entomological study was carried out in kurnool district, andhra pradesh state, south india, to identify the mosquito vectors of japanese encephalitis virus (family flaviviridae, genus flavivirus, jev). in total, 37,139 female mosquitoes belonging five genera and 18 species resting on vegetation were collected in villages and periurban areas at dusk. mosquito species composition and pattern of jev infection in mosquitoes varied in periurban and rural areas. in periurban area, c ... | 2009 | 19496437 |
| oviposition-deterrent, ovicidal, and repellent activities of indigenous plant extracts against anopheles subpictus grassi (diptera: culicidae). | insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. the leaf acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of aegle marmelos (linn.) correa ex roxb, andrographis lineata wallich ex nees, and cocculus hirsutus (l.) diels were tested for oviposition-deterrent, ovicidal, and repellent activities against anopheles subpictus grassi (diptera: culicidae). the percentage of effective oviposition repellency of 92.60 , 93.04, 95.20, 88.26, 92.80, 94.01, ... | 2009 | 19707789 |
| adulticidal and larvicidal efficacy of some medicinal plant extracts against tick, fluke and mosquitoes. | the adulticidal and larvicidal effect of indigenous plant extracts were investigated against the adult cattle tick haemaphysalis bispinosa neumann, 1897 (acarina: ixodidae), sheep fluke paramphistomum cervi zeder, 1790 (digenea: paramphistomatidae), fourth instar larvae of malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi and japanese encephalitis vector, culex tritaeniorhynchus giles (diptera: culicidae). the aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effect of leaf hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ... | 2009 | 19819626 |
| vectorial role of anopheles subpictus grassi and anopheles culicifacies giles in angul district, orissa, india. | malaria transmission by anopheles subpictus grassi, 1899 and anopheles culicifacies giles, 1901 was studied from march 2004 to february 2007 in angul district, orissa, india, which is highly endemic for malaria. adult mosquitoes were collected from human dwellings using sucking tubes and a mechanical aspirator. after identification, some an. subpictus and an. culicifacies specimens were subjected to a precipitin test to determine their anthropophilic index and the remaining samples were preserve ... | 2009 | 19842403 |
| impact of insecticide-treated nets on wild pyrethroid resistant anopheles epiroticus population from southern vietnam tested in experimental huts. | in this study, the efficacy of insecticide-treated nets was evaluated in terms of deterrence, blood-feeding inhibition, induced exophily and mortality on a wild resistant population of anopheles epiroticus in southern vietnam, in order to gain insight into the operational consequences of the insecticide resistance observed in this malaria vector in the mekong delta. | 2009 | 19874581 |
| epidemic of plasmodium falciparum malaria involving substandard antimalarial drugs, pakistan, 2003. | because of instability in eastern afghanistan, new refugees crossed into the federally administered tribal areas of northwestern pakistan in 2002. in 2003, we investigated an epidemic of plasmodium falciparum malaria in 1 of the camps. incidence was 100.4 cases/1,000 person-years; in other nearby camps it was only 2.1/1,000 person-years. anopheline mosquitoes were found despite an earlier spray campaign. documented clinical failures at the basic health unit prompted a drug resistance survey of l ... | 2009 | 19891862 |
| male mating biology. | before sterile mass-reared mosquitoes are released in an attempt to control local populations, many facets of male mating biology need to be elucidated. large knowledge gaps exist in how both sexes meet in space and time, the correlation of male size and mating success and in which arenas matings are successful. previous failures in mosquito sterile insect technique (sit) projects have been linked to poor knowledge of local mating behaviours or the selection of deleterious phenotypes during colo ... | 2009 | 19917078 |
| prevalence of anopheline species and their plasmodium infection status in epidemic-prone border areas of bangladesh. | information related to malaria vectors is very limited in bangladesh. in the changing environment and various anopheles species may be incriminated and play role in the transmission cycle. this study was designed with an intention to identify anopheline species and possible malaria vectors in the border belt areas, where the malaria is endemic in bangladesh. | 2010 | 20074326 |
| malaria vectors of timor-leste. | the island of timor lies at the south-eastern edge of indonesia on the boundary of the oriental and australian faunal regions. the country of timor-leste, which occupies the eastern part of the island, is malarious, but anopheline faunal surveys and malaria vector incrimination date back to the 1960 s. over the last decade the malaria vectors of south-east asia and the south-west pacific have been intensely studied using molecular techniques that can confirm identification within complexes of is ... | 2010 | 20122278 |
| a review on anopheles subpictus grassi--a biological vector. | anopheles subpictus is a complex of four isomorphic sibling species a, b, c and d and is recognized as a primary vector of malaria, a disease of great socio-economic importance, in australasian zone, celebes, portuguese timor and south east asia and a secondary vector in sri lanka. this species is also a vector of some helminth and arboviruses. this species has been reported so far from nineteen countries of the oriental and australasian zones. an. subpictus complex is the most abundant anopheli ... | 2010 | 20153284 |
| anopheles culicifacies breeding in brackish waters in sri lanka and implications for malaria control. | anopheles culicifacies is the major vector of both falciparum and vivax malaria in sri lanka, while anopheles subpictus and certain other species function as secondary vectors. in sri lanka, an. culicifacies is present as a species complex consisting of species b and e, while an. subpictus exists as a complex of species a-d. the freshwater breeding habit of an. culicifacies is well established. in order to further characterize the breeding sites of the major malaria vectors in sri lanka, a limit ... | 2010 | 20409313 |
| presence of two alternative kdr-like mutations, l1014f and l1014s, and a novel mutation, v1010l, in the voltage gated na+ channel of anopheles culicifacies from orissa, india. | knockdown resistance in insects resulting from mutation(s) in the voltage gated na+ channel (vgsc) is one of the mechanisms of resistance against ddt and pyrethroids. recently a point mutation leading to leu-to-phe substitution in the vgsc at residue 1014, a most common kdr mutation in insects, was reported in anopheles culicifacies-a major malaria vector in the indian subcontinent. this study reports the presence of two additional amino acid substitutions in the vgsc of an an. culicifacies popu ... | 2010 | 20509922 |
| salivary polytene chromosome map of anopheles darlingi, the main vector of neotropical malaria. | new photomap of anopheles (nyssorhynchus) darlingi root, 1926, is described for a population from guajará-mirim, state of rondonia, brazil. the number of sections in the previous a. darlingi reference map was maintained and new subsections were added to the five chromosome arms. breakage points of paracentric inversions had been previously incorporated into the photomap of this species. an additional inversion is reported, called 3lc, totaling 14 inversions in the a. darlingi chromosome arms. th ... | 2010 | 20682862 |
| plasmodium ovale infection in malaysia: first imported case. | plasmodium ovale infection is rarely reported in malaysia. this is the first imported case of p. ovale infection in malaysia which was initially misdiagnosed as plasmodium vivax. | 2010 | 20929588 |
| studies on effects of indigenous plant extracts on malarial vector, anopheles subpictus grassi (diptera:culicidae). | mosquitoes transmit serious human diseases, causing millions of deaths every year. use of synthetic insecticides to control vector mosquitoes has caused physiological resistance and adverse environmental effects in addition to high operational cost. insecticides of botanical origin may serve as suitable alternative biocontrol techniques in the future. the present investigations were made to evaluate the repellent, ovicidal and oviposition-deterrent potential of leaf hexane and chloroform extract ... | 2010 | 20962710 |
| detection of 1014f kdr mutation in four major anopheline malaria vectors in indonesia. | malaria is a serious public health problem in indonesia, particularly in areas outside java and bali. the spread of resistance to the currently available anti-malarial drugs or insecticides used for mosquito control would cause an increase in malaria transmission. to better understand patterns of transmission and resistance in indonesia, an integrated mosquito survey was conducted in three areas with different malaria endemicities, purworejo in central java, south lampung district in sumatera an ... | 2010 | 21054903 |
| evaluation of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against parasites. | green nanoparticle synthesis has been achieved using environmentally acceptable plant extract and eco-friendly reducing and capping agents. the present study was based on assessments of the antiparasitic activities to determine the efficacies of synthesized silver nanoparticles (agnps) using aqueous leaf extract of mimosa pudica gaertn (mimosaceae) against the larvae of malaria vector, anopheles subpictus grassi, filariasis vector culex quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae), and rhipicephalu ... | 2010 | 21181192 |