Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| smrt sequencing data for garcinia mangostana l. variety mesta. | the "queen of fruits" mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) produces commercially important fruits with desirable taste of flesh and pericarp rich in xanthones with medicinal properties. to date, only limited knowledge is available on the cytogenetics and genome sequences of a common variety of mangosteen (abu bakar et al., 2016 [1]). here, we report the first single-molecule real-time (smrt) sequencing data from whole genome sequencing of mangosteen of mesta variety. raw reads of the smrt sequenc ... | 0 | 28529883 |
| dna shotgun sequencing analysis of garcinia mangostana l. variety mesta. | mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.) is an ultra-tropical tree characterized by its unique dark purple fruits with white flesh. the xanthone-rich purple pericarp tissue contains valuable compounds with medicinal properties. following previously reported genome sequencing of a common variety of mangosteen [1], we performed another whole genome sequencing of a commercially popular variety of this fruit species (var. mesta) for comparative analysis of its genome composition. raw reads of the dna ... | 0 | 28516035 |
| xanthones from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana. | mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) is one of the most popular tropical fruits (called the "queen of fruits"), and is a rich source of oxygenated and prenylated xanthone derivatives. in the present work, phytochemical investigation has resulted in one new prenylated xanthone and 13 known xanthones isolated from the pericarp of g. mangostana. their structures were established by spectroscopic data analysis, including x-ray diffraction. the new one was further tested for cytotoxic activity against ... | 0 | 28441346 |
| pharmacological profile of mangostin and its derivatives. | mangostin (m), a naturally occurring xanthone in the rinds of the fruits of garcinia mangostana linn. (guttiferae) and its derivatives such as 3-0-methyl mangostin (mm), 3,6-di-o-methyl mangostin (dm), 1-isomangostin (im), mangostin triacetate (mt), mangostin 3,6-di-o-(tetra acetyl) glucoside (mtg) and mangostin-6,6-di-o-glucoside (mog) were screened for various pharmacological effects in experimental animals. with the exception of dm all the test compounds produced cns depression characterised ... | 1979 | 314790 |
| effect of mangostin, a xanthone from garcinia mangostana linn. in immunopathological & inflammatory reactions. | 1980 | 7461736 | |
| antimicrobial activities of garcinia mangostana. | 1983 | 6611746 | |
| inhibition of wheat embryo calcium-dependent protein kinase and other kinases by mangostin and gamma-mangostin. | the hull of the fruit of the mangosteen tree (garcinia mangostana) contains four inhibitors of plant ca(2+)-dependent protein kinase. two of these inhibitors have been purified and identified as the xanthones 1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-9h- xanthen-9-one (mangostin) and 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxy-2,8-bis(3-methyl-2-butenyl)- 9h-xanthen-9-one (gamma-mangostin). both xanthones also inhibit avian myosin light chain kinase and rat liver cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase. this ... | 1992 | 1368866 |
| gas exchange characteristics of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) leaves. | gas exchange responses of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) leaves to photosynthetic photon flux density (ppfd), internal co(2) concentration (c(i)), leaf-air vapor pressure deficit (vpd), leaf temperature (t(l)) and time of day were investigated in plants grown in three shade treatments. maximal photosynthetic rate (p(n(max))) per unit leaf area at light saturation did not differ significantly among plants grown in the different shade treatments despite significant morphological differences. ... | 1993 | 14969901 |
| influence of irradiance on photosynthesis, morphology and growth of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) seedlings. | the influence of shading intensity on growth, morphology and leaf gas exchange of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) seedlings was investigated over a 2-year period. diurnal gas exchange studies revealed significantly higher carbon gain for leaves grown in 20 or 50% shade compared to leaves grown in 80% shade. seedlings grown in 20 or 50% shade accumulated significantly more dry weight than seedlings grown in 80% shade during the 2-year study period. seedlings grown in decreased shade showed de ... | 1994 | 14967701 |
| mangostin inhibits the oxidative modification of human low density lipoprotein. | the oxidation of low density lipoprotein (ldl) may play an important role in atherosclerosis. we investigated the possible antioxidant effects of mangostin, isolated from garcinia mangostana, on metal ion dependent (cu2+) and independent (aqueous peroxyl radicals) oxidation of human ldl. mangostin prolonged the lagtime to both metal ion dependent and independent oxidation of ldl in a dose dependent manner over 5 to 50 microm as monitored by the formation of conjugated dienes at 234 nm (p < 0.001 ... | 1995 | 7581813 |
| active constituents against hiv-1 protease from garcinia mangostana. | the ethanol extract of garcinia mangostana l. (guttiferae) showed potent inhibitory activity against hiv-1 protease. the activity-guided purification of the extract resulted in the isolation of two active, known compounds. the chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopic analyses as mangostin (ic50 = 5.12 +/- 0.41 microm) and gamma-mangostin (ic50 = 4.81 +/- 0.32 microm). the type of inhibition by both compounds is noncompetitive. | 1996 | 8792678 |
| the mode of inhibitory action of alpha-mangostin, a novel inhibitor, on the sarcoplasmic reticulum ca(2+)-pumping atpase from rabbit skeletal muscle. | alpha-mangostin, the principal ingredient of the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana, caused a concentration-dependent decrease in the activities of both ca(2+)-atpase and ca(2+)-transport of the sarcoplasmic reticulum from rabbit skeletal muscle with an ic50 value of 5 microm. neither ca2+ release nor other enzyme activities were affected by alpha-mangostin. kinetic analysis of the inhibitory effects of alpha-mangostin on ca(2+)-atpase suggests that the inhibition of the atpase is a noncompetitiv ... | 1996 | 8886932 |
| antibacterial activity of xanthones from guttiferaeous plants against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | extracts of garcinia mangostana (guttiferae) showing inhibitory effects against the growth of s. aureus nihj 209p were fractionated according to guidance obtained from bioassay and some of the components with activity against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) were characterized. one active isolate, alpha-mangostin, a xanthone derivative, had a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of 1.57-12.5 micrograms ml-1. other related xanthones were also examined to determine their anti-m ... | 1996 | 8887739 |
| histaminergic and serotonergic receptor blocking substances from the medicinal plant garcinia mangostana. | a crude methanolic extract of the fruit hull of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana l. inhibited the contractions of isolated thoracic rabbit aorta induced by histamine and serotonin. the extract of the fruit hull has been fractionated by silica gel chromatography, monitoring the pharmacological activity to give alpha- and gamma-mangostin. on the basis of pharmacological data, it is suggested that alpha-mangostin and gamma-mangostin are a histaminergic and a serotonergic receptor blocking agent, res ... | 1996 | 8923814 |
| evaluation of the antifungal activity of natural xanthones from garcinia mangostana and their synthetic derivatives. | the antifungal activity of several xanthones isolated from the fruit hulls of garcinia mangostana and some derivatives of mangostin against three phytopathogenic fungi, fusarium oxysporum vasinfectum, alternaria tenuis, and dreschlera oryzae, has been evaluated. the natural xanthones showed good inhibitory activity against the three fungi. substitution in the a and c rings has been shown to modify the bioactivities of the compounds. | 1997 | 9213587 |
| immunopharmacological activity of polysaccharide from the pericarb of mangosteen garcinia: phagocytic intracellular killing activities. | polysaccharides from the pericarbs of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana linn., was obtained by treating the dried ground pericarbs with hot water followed by ethanol precipitation (m fraction). the extract was fractionated by anion exchange chromatography on a deae-cellulose column as mde1-5 fractions. the fractions of mde3 and mde4 composed of mainly d-galacturonic acid and a small amount of neutral sugar (l-arabinose as the major one and l-rhamnose and d-galactose as the minor ones) were studied ... | 1997 | 9347663 |
| [novel types of receptor antagonists from the medicinal plant garcinia mangostana]. | a crude methanolic extract of the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l. inhibited the contraction of the isolated rabbit aorta induced by histamine and serotonin. the extract has been fractionated by silica gel chromatography, monitoring the pharmacological activity to give active compounds. on the basis of physicochemical data, the active substances were identified as alpha-mangostin and gamma-mangostin. to define the pharmacological properties of alpha-mangostin, the effect of alpha-mangostin o ... | 1997 | 9503424 |
| effect of gamma-mangostin through the inhibition of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine2a receptors in 5-fluoro-alpha-methyltryptamine-induced head-twitch responses of mice. | 1. intracerebronventricular (i.c.v.) injection of gamma-mangostin (10-40 nmol/mouse), a major compound of the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana lin., like ketanserin (10, 20 nmol/mouse, i.c.v.) inhibited 5-fluoro-alpha-methyltryptamine (5-fmt) (45 mg kg(-1), i.p.)-induced head-twitch response in mice in the presence or absence of citalopram (a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht)-uptake inhibitor). 2. neither the 5-fmt- nor the 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (5-ht1a-agonist)-induced 5-ht syndrome ... | 1998 | 9535013 |
| characterization of acyl-acp thioesterases of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) seed and high levels of stearate production in transgenic canola. | acyl-acyl-carrier protein (acp) thioesterases are, at least in part, responsible for the fatty acyl chain length composition of seed storage oils. acyl-acp thioesterases with specificity for each of the saturated acyl-acp substrates from 8:0 through 16:0 have been cloned, with the exception of 18:0, and are members of the fatb class of thioesterases. the authors have determined that the tropical tree species mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) stores 18:0 (stearate) in its seed oil in amounts of up ... | 1998 | 9681015 |
| gamma-mangostin, a novel type of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2a receptor antagonist. | gamma-mangostin, purified from the fruit hull of the medicinal plant garcinia mangostana caused a parallel rightwards shift of the concentration/response curve for the contraction elicited by 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht) in the rabbit aorta (pa2 = 8.2) without affecting the contractile responses to kcl, phenylephrine (alpha1) or histamine (h1). the perfusion pressure response of rat coronary artery to 5-ht (5-ht2a) was reduced concentration dependently by gamma-mangostin (ic50 = 0.32 microm). 5-ht ... | 1998 | 9459569 |
| improved stearate phenotype in transgenic canola expressing a modified acyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase. | the engineering of crops for selected fatty acid production is one of the major goals of plant biotechnology. the garm fata1, an acyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) thioesterase isolated from garcinia mangostana, generates an elevated stearate (18:0) phenotype in transgenic brassica plants. by site-directed mutagenesis, we generated seven mutants that showed up to a 13-fold increase in specific enzyme activity toward 18:0-acp in vitro. the seed-specific expression of mutant s111a/v193a in brassica p ... | 1999 | 10385326 |
| two novel xanthones from garcinia mangostana. | the isolation of two novel xanthones isolated from the fruit hulls of garcinia mangostana is reported. the structures were elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis. | 2000 | 11449524 |
| three xanthones and a benzophenone from garcinia mangostana. | investigation of the constituents of garcinia mangostana has led to the isolation of four new compounds: three minor xanthones, garcimangosone a (1), garcimangosone b (2), and garcimangosone c (3), and a benzophenone glucoside, garcimangosone d (4). the structures of these four compounds were established by spectral (nmr and ms) and chemical methods. | 2001 | 11473420 |
| xanthones from the heartwood of garcinia mangostana. | twelve xanthones were isolated from the hexane extract of the heartwood of garcinia mangostana from myanmar. their structures were determined using 1d and 2d nmr techniques | 2002 | 12052521 |
| inhibition of cyclooxygenase and prostaglandin e2 synthesis by gamma-mangostin, a xanthone derivative in mangosteen, in c6 rat glioma cells. | the fruit hull of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana l., has been used for many years as a medicine for treatment of skin infection, wounds, and diarrhea in southeast asia. in the present study, we examined the effect of gamma-mangostin, a tetraoxygenated diprenylated xanthone contained in mangosteen, on arachidonic acid (aa) cascade in c6 rat glioma cells. gamma-mangostin had a potent inhibitory activity of prostaglandin e2 (pge2) release induced by a23187, a ca2+ ionophore. the inhibition was con ... | 2002 | 11754876 |
| xanthones from the green fruit hulls of garcinia mangostana. | three new xanthones, mangostenol (1), mangostenone a (2), and mangostenone b (3), were isolated from the green fruit hulls of garcinia mangostana, along with the known xanthones, trapezifolixanthone, tovophyllin b (4), alpha- and beta-mangostins, garcinone b, mangostinone, mangostanol, and the flavonoid epicatechin. the structures of the new xanthones were elucidated by analysis of their spectroscopic data. | 2002 | 12027762 |
| inhibitions of histamine release and prostaglandin e2 synthesis by mangosteen, a thai medicinal plant. | the fruit hull of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana l. has been used as a thai indigenous medicine for many years. however, its mechanism of action as a medicine has not been elucidated. the present study was undertaken to examine the effects of mangosteen extracts (100% ethanol, 70% ethanol, 40% ethanol and water) on histamine release and prostaglandin e2 synthesis. we found that the 40% ethanol extract of mangosteen inhibited ige-mediated histamine release from rbl-2h3 cells with greater potency ... | 2002 | 12230104 |
| garcinone e, a xanthone derivative, has potent cytotoxic effect against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. | treatment of hepatocellular carcinomas (hccs) with chemotherapy has generally been disappointing and it is most desirable to have more effective new drugs. we extracted and purified 6 xanthone compounds from the rinds (peel) of the fruits of garcinia mangostana l., using partitioned chromatography and then tested the cytotoxic effects of these compounds on a panel of 14 different human cancer cell lines including 6 hepatoma cell lines, based on the mtt method. several commonly used chemotherapeu ... | 2002 | 12451486 |
| antimycobacterial activity of prenylated xanthones from the fruits of garcinia mangostana. | prenylated xanthones, isolated from the fruit hulls and the edible arils and seeds of garcinia mangostana, were tested for their antituberculosis potential. alpha- and beta-mangostins and garcinone b exhibited strong inhibitory effect against mycobacterium tuberculosis with the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) value of 6.25 microg/ml. tri- and tetra-oxygenated xanthones with di-c5 units or with a c5 and a modified c5 groups are essential for high activities. substitution in the a and c rin ... | 2003 | 12843596 |
| induction of apoptosis by xanthones from mangosteen in human leukemia cell lines. | we examined the effects of six xanthones from the pericarps of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana, on the cell growth inhibition of human leukemia cell line hl60. all xanthones displayed growth inhibitory effects. among them, alpha-mangostin showed complete inhibition at 10 microm through the induction of apoptosis. | 2003 | 12932141 |
| antiproliferation, antioxidation and induction of apoptosis by garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) on skbr3 human breast cancer cell line. | this study was designed to determine the antiproliferative, apoptotic and antioxidative properties of crude methanolic extract (cme) from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana (family guttiferae) using human breast cancer (skbr3) cell line as a model system. skbr3 cells were cultured in the presence of cme at various concentrations (0-50 microg/ml) for 48 h and the percentage of cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-di phenyl tetrazolium bromide (mtt) assay. cme showed a ... | 2004 | 14698525 |
| alpha-mangostin induces ca2+-atpase-dependent apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in pc12 cells. | we investigated the cell death effects of eight xanthones on pc12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. among these compounds, alpha-mangostin, from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l., had the most potent effect with the ec(50) value of 4 microm. alpha-mangostin-treated pc12 cells demonstrated typical apoptotic dna fragmentation and caspase-3 cleavage (equivalent to activation). the flow cytometric analysis indicated that this compound induced apoptosis in time-and concentration-dependent manners. a ... | 2004 | 15153648 |
| antiproliferative activity of thai medicinal plant extracts on human breast adenocarcinoma cell line. | ethanolic extracts of selected nine thai medicinal plants were tested for antiproliferative activity against skbr3 human breast adenocarcinoma cell line using mtt assay. garcinia mangostana showed the most potent activity. however, all plant extracts showed activity in potential range for further investigation on cancer cells. | 2004 | 15158999 |
| gamma-mangostin inhibits inhibitor-kappab kinase activity and decreases lipopolysaccharide-induced cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression in c6 rat glioma cells. | we investigated the effect of gamma-mangostin purified from the fruit hull of the medicinal plant garcinia mangostana on spontaneous prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) genase release and inducible cyclooxy-2 (cox-2) gene expression in c6 rat glioma cells. an 18-h treatment with gamma-mangostin potently inhibited spontaneous pge(2) release in a concentration-dependent manner with the ic(50) value of approximately 2 microm, without affecting the cell viability even at 30 microm. by immunoblotting and rev ... | 2004 | 15322259 |
| inhibitory effects of crude alpha-mangostin, a xanthone derivative, on two different categories of colon preneoplastic lesions induced by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine in the rat. | the purpose of this study was to examine whether crude alpha-mangostin (a major xanthone derivative in mangosteen pericarp (garcinia mangostana)) has short-term chemopreventive effects on putative preneoplastic lesions involved in rat colon carcinogenesis. the crude preparation was obtained by simple recrystallization of an ethylacetate extract of mangosteen pericarps. a total of 33 five-week-old male f344 rats were randomly divided into 5 experimental groups. rats in groups 1-3 were given a sub ... | 2004 | 15546251 |
| antibacterial activity of alpha-mangostin against vancomycin resistant enterococci (vre) and synergism with antibiotics. | alpha-mangostin, isolated from the stem bark of garcinia mangostana l., was found to be active against vancomycin resistant enterococci (vre) and methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa), with mic values of 6.25 and 6.25 to 12.5 microg/ml, respectively. our studies showed synergism between alpha-mangostin and gentamicin (gm) against vre, and alpha-mangostin and vancomycin hydrochloride (vcm) against mrsa. further studies showed partial synergism between alpha-mangostin and commercially ... | 2005 | 15830842 |
| activity of medicinal plant extracts against hospital isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | aqueous and ethanolic extracts of ten traditional thai medicinal plants were investigated for their ability to inhibit 35 hospital isolates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa). nine medicinal plants displayed activity against all isolates tested. ethanolic extracts of garcinia mangostana, punica granatum and quercus infectoria were most effective, with mics for mrsa isolates of 0.05-0.4, 0.2-0.4 and 0.2-0.4 mg/ml, respectively, and for s. aureus atcc 25923 of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.1 m ... | 2005 | 15882206 |
| antimicrobial effects of thai medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria. | propionibacterium acnes and staphylococcus epidermidis have been recognized as pus-forming bacteria triggering an inflammation in acne. the present study was conducted to evaluate antimicrobial activities of thai medicinal plants against these etiologic agents of acne vulgaris. crude extracts were tested for antimicrobial activities by disc diffusion and broth dilution methods. the results from the disc diffusion method showed that 13 medicinal plants could inhibit the growth of propionibacteriu ... | 2005 | 16009519 |
| xanthones and benzophenones from garcinia griffithii and garcinia mangostana. | a new polyisoprenylated benzophenone, guttiferone i, together with the known compounds cambogin, 1,7-dihydroxyxanthone, 1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone and 1,3,5,6-tetrahydroxyxanthone were isolated from the stem bark of garcinia griffithii. the acetone extract of the heartwood of garcinia mangostana contained one new diprenylated xanthone (mangoxanthone) and a new benzophenone (3',6-dihydroxy-2,4,4'-trimethoxybenzophenone) as well as the known xanthones dulxanthone d, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2-methoxyxan ... | 2005 | 16173114 |
| a geranylated biphenyl derivative from garcinia malvgostana. | extracts of root bark, stem bark and the latex collected from the green fruits of garcinia mangostana gave alpha-mangostin, beta-mangostin, gamma-mangostin, garcinone-e, methoxy-beta-mangostin and a new geranylated biphenyl derivative 3-hydroxy-4-geranyl-5-methoxybiphenyl. the latex of g. mangostana consists of more than 75% of xanthones which have strong antibacterial (anti-mrsa and -vre), anti-inflammatory, antifungal and a number of other biological activities. hence the presence of the above ... | 2005 | 15702637 |
| cytotoxic prenylated xanthones from the young fruit of garcinia mangostana. | three new prenylated xanthones, mangostenones c (1), d (2), and e (3), together with 16 known xanthones 4-19, were isolated from the young fruit (7-week maturity stage) of garcinia mangostana. the structural elucidation of the new compounds was mainly established on the basis of 1d and 2d nmr and hr-ms spectroscopic analysis. compound 1 showed cytotoxic properties against three human cancer cell lines, epidermoid carcinoma of the mouth (kb), breast cancer (bc-1), and small cell lung cancer (nci- ... | 2006 | 16508181 |
| antioxidant xanthones from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana (mangosteen). | as part of ongoing research on cancer chemopreventive agents from botanical dietary supplements, garcinia mangostana l. (commonly known as mangosteen) was selected for detailed study. repeated chromatography of a ch2cl2-soluble extract of the pericarp led to the isolation of two new highly oxygenated prenylated xanthones, 8-hydroxycudraxanthone g (1) and mangostingone [7-methoxy-2-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-8-(3-methyl-2-oxo-3-butenyl)-1,3,6-trihydroxyxanthone, 2], together with 12 known xanthones, cu ... | 2006 | 16536578 |
| antioxidative and neuroprotective activities of extracts from the fruit hull of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.). | the aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidative and neuroprotective activities of various extracts from the fruit hull of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn., gm). | 2006 | 16763395 |
| prenylated xanthones as potential antiplasmodial substances. | mangostin, the major xanthone of garcinia mangostana, and a series of synthetic derivatives were investigated for their in vitro antiplasmodial activity against plasmodium falciparum. mangostin itself showed moderate activity, but prenylated xanthones containing alkylamino functional groups exhibited quite potent antiplasmodial activity. some structure-activity relationships are proposed. | 2006 | 16902859 |
| xanthones from garcinia mangostana (guttiferae). | studies on the stem of garcinia mangostana have led to the isolation of one new xanthone mangosharin (1) (2,6-dihydroxy-8-methoxy-5-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-xanthone) and six other prenylated xanthones, alpha-mangostin (2), beta-mangostin (3), garcinone d (4), 1,6-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-xanthone (5), mangostanol (6) and 5,9-dihydroxy-8- methoxy-2,2-dimethyl-7-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-2h,6h-pyrano-[3,2-b]-xanthene-6-one (7). the structures of these compounds were determined by spe ... | 2006 | 17127660 |
| characterized mechanism of alpha-mangostin-induced cell death: caspase-independent apoptosis with release of endonuclease-g from mitochondria and increased mir-143 expression in human colorectal cancer dld-1 cells. | alpha-mangostin, a xanthone from the pericarps of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.), was evaluated for in vitro cytotoxicity against human colon cancer dld-1 cells. the number of viable cells was consistently decreased by the treatment with alpha-mangostin at more than 20 microm. the cytotoxic effect of 20 microm alpha-mangostin was found to be mainly due to apoptosis, as indicated by morphological findings. western blotting, the results of an apoptosis inhibition assay using caspase inhibi ... | 2007 | 17553685 |
| comparative study of health properties and nutritional value of durian, mangosteen, and snake fruit: experiments in vitro and in vivo. | in vitro and in vivo studies of the health and nutritional properties of durian (durio zibethinus murr.) were compared with snake fruit (salacca edulis reinw.) and mangosteen (garcinia mangostana). dietary fibers, minerals, and trace metals were comparable. total polyphenols (mg of gae/100 g of fw) and flavonoids (85.1+/-6.1) were significantly higher (p<0.05) than in snake fruit (217.1+/-13.2 (mg of ce/100 g of fw)), durian (309.7+/-19.3 and 61.2+/-4.9), and mangosteen (190.3+/-12.1 and 54.1+/- ... | 2007 | 17567034 |
| effect of garcinia mangostana on inflammation caused by propionibacterium acnes. | the present study was aimed to investigate the activity of thai medicinal plants on inflammation caused by propionibacterium acnes in terms of free radical scavenging and cytokine reducing properties. p. acnes have been recognized as pus-forming bacteria triggering an inflammation in acne. antioxidant activity was determined by dpph scavenging and nbt reduction assay. the result showed that garcinia mangostana possessed the most significant antioxidant activity and reduced reactive oxygen specie ... | 2007 | 17644272 |
| assay-guided fractionation study of alpha-amylase inhibitors from garcinia mangostana pericarp. | alpha-amylase inhibitor (alpha-ai) activity of garcinia mangostana, commonly known as mangosteen, pericarp extracts was studied by assay guided fractionations from lipophilic to hydrophilic using combined solvent extraction and amberlite xad2 adsorption chromatography. neither the lipophilic, xanthone containing fraction, nor the highly polar fraction, which has no affinity on amberlite xad2, showed any alpha-ai. the fraction that shows very high inhibitory activity contains primarily polyphenol ... | 2007 | 17960880 |
| hplc analysis of selected xanthones in mangosteen fruit. | xanthones are unique chemical compounds found in nature, composed of a tricyclic aromatic system with a variety of phenolic, methoxy, and isoprene substituents, giving rise to numerous derivatives. they dissolve to varying degrees in solvents ranging from alcohol to hexane. an optimum solvent mixture of acetone/water (80:20) selectively and effectively extracts a wide variety of xanthones. subsequent hplc analysis using standard c-18 rp and a 30-min gradient of 65-90% metoh in 0.1% formic acid d ... | 2007 | 17623461 |
| effects of herbal mouthwash containing the pericarp extract of garcinia mangostana l on halitosis, plaque and papillary bleeding index. | to determine the effects of herbal mouthwash containing the pericarp extract of carcinia mangostana l on volatile sulfur compound (vsc) levels, plaque index (pi) and papillary bleeding index (pbi) in gingivitis subjects and the recurrence of these parameters after periodontal treatment. | 2007 | 17274236 |
| quantitative and qualitative determination of six xanthones in garcinia mangostana l. by lc-pda and lc-esi-ms. | a new method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of six naturally occurring xanthones (3-isomangostin, 8-desoxygartanin, gartanin, alpha-mangostin, 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone and beta-mangostin). the quantitative determination was conducted by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (lc-pda). separation was performed on a phenomenex luna c18(2) (150 mm x 3.00 mm, 5 microm) column. the xanthones were identified by retention time, ultraviolet (uv) ... | 2007 | 17129697 |
| topical application of garcinia mangostana l. pericarp gel as an adjunct to periodontal treatment. | to evaluate the effects of gel containing garcinia mangostana l. pericarp extract (gm gel) applied topically as an adjunct to periodontal treatment. | 2008 | 19186342 |
| medicinal properties of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana). | many tropical plants have interesting biological activities with potential therapeutic applications. garcinia mangostana linn. (gml) belongs to the family of guttiferae and is named "the queen of fruits". it is cultivated in the tropical rainforest of some southeast asian nations like indonesia, malaysia, sri lanka, philippines, and thailand. people in these countries have used the pericarp (peel, rind, hull or ripe) of gml as a traditional medicine for the treatment of abdominal pain, diarrhea, ... | 2008 | 18725264 |
| xanthones from the botanical dietary supplement mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) with aromatase inhibitory activity. | twelve xanthone constituents of the botanical dietary supplement mangosteen (the pericarp of garcinia mangostana) were screened using a noncellular, enzyme-based microsomal aromatase inhibition assay. of these compounds, garcinone d (3), garcinone e (5), alpha-mangostin (8), and gamma-mangostin (9) exhibited dose-dependent inhibitory activity. in a follow-up cell-based assay using sk-br-3 breast cancer cells that express high levels of aromatase, the most potent of these four xanthones was gamma ... | 2008 | 18558747 |
| severe lactic acidosis associated with juice of the mangosteen fruit garcinia mangostana. | the tropical mangosteen fruit has long been prized in southeast asia for its traditional healing properties. mangosteen fruit juice is now available in the united states and marketed for its purported health benefits. we describe a case of severe lactic acidosis associated with the use of mangosteen juice as a dietary supplement. | 2008 | 18436094 |
| xanthones with quinone reductase-inducing activity from the fruits of garcinia mangostana (mangosteen). | bioactivity-guided fractionation of a dichloromethane-soluble extract of garcinia mangostana fruits has led to the isolation and identification of five compounds, including two xanthones, 1,2-dihydro-1,8,10-trihydroxy-2-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-9-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)furo[3,2-a]xanthen-11-one (1) and 6-deoxy-7-demethylmangostanin (2), along with three known compounds, 1,3,7-trihydroxy-2,8-di-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)xanthone (3), mangostanin (4), and alpha-mangostin (5). the structures of compounds 1 an ... | 2008 | 17991497 |
| anti-inflammatory activity of mangostins from garcinia mangostana. | the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana linn (guttiferae) is used as an anti-inflammatory drug in southeast asia. two xanthones, alpha- and gamma-mangostins, were isolated from the fruit hull of g. mangostana, and both significantly inhibited nitric oxide (no) and pge(2) production from lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated raw 264.7 cells. the ic(50) values for the inhibition of no production by alpha- and gamma-mangostins were 12.4 and 10.1 microm, respectively. after inos enzyme activity was stim ... | 2008 | 18029076 |
| berry fruits: compositional elements, biochemical activities, and the impact of their intake on human health, performance, and disease. | an overwhelming body of research has now firmly established that the dietary intake of berry fruits has a positive and profound impact on human health, performance, and disease. berry fruits, which are commercially cultivated and commonly consumed in fresh and processed forms in north america, include blackberry ( rubus spp.), black raspberry ( rubus occidentalis), blueberry ( vaccinium corymbosum), cranberry (i.e., the american cranberry, vaccinium macrocarpon, distinct from the european cranbe ... | 2008 | 18211023 |
| inhibitory effect of xanthones isolated from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana l. on rat basophilic leukemia rbl-2h3 cell degranulation. | mangostin, garcinia mangostana l. is used as a traditional medicine in southeast asia for inflammatory and septic ailments. hitherto we indicated the anticancer activity induced by xanthones such as alpha-, beta-, and gamma-mangostin which were major constituents of the pericarp of mangosteen fruits. in this study, we examined the effect of xanthones on cell degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia rbl-2h3 cells. antigen (ag)-mediated stimulation of high affinity ige receptor (fcepsilonri) activ ... | 2008 | 18328716 |
| ameliorative prospective of alpha-mangostin, a xanthone derivative from garcinia mangostana against beta-adrenergic cathecolamine-induced myocardial toxicity and anomalous cardiac tnf-alpha and cox-2 expressions in rats. | altered membrane integrity and inflammation play a key role in cardiovascular damage. we investigated the salubrious effect of exogenously administered alpha-mangostin against beta-adrenergic cathecolamine-induced cardiovascular toxicity with special reference to membrane atpases, lysosomal hydrolases and inflammatory mediators tnf-alpha and cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) expressions in albino rats. induction of rats with isoproterenol (150mg/kg body wt, i.p.) for 2 days resulted in a significant incr ... | 2008 | 18424012 |
| field suppression of the invasive ant wasmannia auropunctata (hymenoptera: formicidae) in a tropical fruit orchard in hawaii. | the little fire ant, wasmannia auropunctata (roger) (hymenoptera: formicidae), is an invasive ant that forms supercolonies when it successfully invades new areas. w. auropunctata was first reported in hawaii in 1999, and it has since invaded a variety of agricultural sites, including nurseries, orchards, and pastures. amdro (hydramethylnon; in bait stations), esteem (pyriproxyfen; broadcast bait), and conserve (spinosad; ground spray) were tested for their efficacy against w. auropunctata in a r ... | 2008 | 18767711 |
| thin-layer chromatography-densitometric analysis of alpha-mangostin content in garcinia mangostana fruit rind extracts. | the fruit rinds of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn.) have long been used as traditional medicines for treatment of skin infections, wounds, and diarrhea. a simple thin-layer chromatography (tlc)-densitometric method has been developed for the simultaneous quantification of alpha-mangostin in the extracts from unripe and ripe fruit rinds of g. mangostana. it was found in the ranges of 10.48 +/- 0.83 and 16.65 +/- 0.38% (w/w) in the dried unripe and ripe fruit rinds, respectively. the method ... | 2008 | 18980132 |
| pichia garciniae sp. nov., isolated from a rotten mangosteen fruit (garcinia mangostana l., clusiaceae). | ascogenous yeasts were isolated from a decaying mangosteen fruit (garcinia mangostana l., clusiaceae). based on colony morphology and rapd analysis, the strains were grouped into four groups (g-i, g-ii, g-iii and g-iv). phenotypic properties and analysis of the d1/d2 domain sequence of the 26s rrna gene identified representative members of groups g-ii, g-iii and g-iv as pichia manshurica (=pichia galeiformis), pichia fermentans and pichia anomala, respectively. representatives of group g-i, ys11 ... | 2008 | 18984711 |
| anti-cancer effects of xanthones from pericarps of mangosteen. | mangosteen, garcinia mangostana linn, is a tree found in south east asia, and its pericarps have been used as traditional medicine. phytochemical studies have shown that they contain a variety of secondary metabolites, such as oxygenated and prenylated xanthones. recent studies revealed that these xanthones exhibited a variety of biological activities containing anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-cancer effects. we previously investigated the anti-proliferative effects of four prenylate ... | 2008 | 19325754 |
| structural characterization, biological effects, and synthetic studies on xanthones from mangosteen (garcinia mangostana), a popular botanical dietary supplement. | mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l., clusiaceae) is a popular botanical dietary supplement in the united states, where it is used principally as an antioxidant. it is referred to as the "queen of fruits" in thailand, a country of origin. the major secondary metabolites of mangosteen, the xanthones, exhibit a variety of biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, cytotoxic, and potential cancer chemopreventive activities. moreover, some ... | 2008 | 21562610 |
| bioaccessibility, biotransformation, and transport of alpha-mangostin from garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) using simulated digestion and caco-2 human intestinal cells. | alpha- and gamma-mangostin are the most abundant prenylated xanthones present in the fruit of the mangosteen tree. these compounds have been reported to possess numerous bioactivities that have provided the impetus for use of mangosteen products as nutraceuticals and in functional foods and dietary supplements. the health-promoting benefits of mangosteen are dependent on delivery of the xanthones to target tissues. here, we used simulated digestion and caco-2 cells to investigate the digestive s ... | 2009 | 19415666 |
| panaxanthone isolated from pericarp of garcinia mangostana l. suppresses tumor growth and metastasis of a mouse model of mammary cancer. | the antitumor growth and antimetastatic activity of panaxanthone (approximately 80% alpha-mangostin and 20% gamma-mangostin) were studied in a mouse metastatic mammary cancer model that produces a metastatic spectrum similar to that seen in human breast cancer. | 2009 | 19596918 |
| systematic analysis of in vitro photo-cytotoxic activity in extracts from terrestrial plants in peninsula malaysia for photodynamic therapy. | one hundred and fifty-five extracts from 93 terrestrial species of plants in peninsula malaysia were screened for in vitro photo-cytotoxic activity by means of a cell viability test using a human leukaemia cell-line hl60. these plants which can be classified into 43 plant families are diverse in their type of vegetation and their natural habitat in the wild, and may therefore harbour equally diverse metabolites with potential pharmaceutical properties. of these, 29 plants, namely three from each ... | 2009 | 19647445 |
| mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction and regulation of enos expression during experimental myocardial necrosis by alpha-mangostin, a xanthonic derivative from garcinia mangostana. | oxidative stress can play a key role in myocardial necrosis. the present study was designed to investigate the effect of alpha-mangostin (an antioxidant phytonutrient) on mitochondrial dysfunction and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (enos) expression during isoproterenol-induced myocardial necrosis in rats. induction of rats with isoproterenol (iso) (150 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) for 2 days resulted in a significant decrease in the activities of respiratory chain enzymes (nadh dehy ... | 2009 | 19793027 |
| bioavailability and antioxidant effects of a xanthone-rich mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) product in humans. | oxidative damage is involved in many chronic diseases including those cited as the major causes of death in western societies such as cardiovascular disorders and cancer. antioxidants may prevent these degenerative processes by various mechanisms including the scavenging of free radicals. intake of antioxidant supplements is associated with preventing oxidative damages. this study investigated the absorption and antioxidant effects of a xanthone-rich mangosteen liquid in healthy human volunteers ... | 2009 | 19807152 |
| cytotoxic xanthone constituents of the stem bark of garcinia mangostana (mangosteen). | bioassay-guided fractionation of a chloroform-soluble extract of garcinia mangostana stem bark, using the ht-29 human colon cancer cell line and an enzyme-based elisa nf-kappab assay, led to the isolation of a new xanthone, 11-hydroxy-3-o-methyl-1-isomangostin (1). the structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis. in addition, 10 other known compounds, 11-hydroxy-1-isomangostin (2), 11alpha-mangostanin (3), 3-isomangostin (4), alpha-mangostin (5), beta-mangostin (6), garcinone d ... | 2009 | 19839614 |
| antibacterial activity of thai medicinal plants against methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) is a major nosocomial pathogen which causes severe morbidity and mortality worldwide. seventeen thai medicinal plants were investigated for their activity against mrsa. garcinia mangostana was identified as the most potent plant, and its activity was traced to the prenylated xanthone, alpha-mangostin (mic and mbc values of 1.95 and 3.91 microg/ml, respectively). | 2009 | 19022354 |
| alpha-mangostin suppresses pc-3 human prostate carcinoma cell metastasis by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 and urokinase-plasminogen expression through the jnk signaling pathway. | alpha-mangostin, a component of garcinia mangostana linn, is a xanthone derivative shown to have antioxidant and anticarcinogen properties. in this study, we first report the antimetastatic effect of alpha-mangostin in the human prostate carcinoma cell line pc-3. the results show that alpha-mangostin exhibited an inhibitory effect on the abilities of adhesion, migration, and invasion by cell-matrix adhesion assay, wound healing assay, and boyden chamber assay. in the cancer cell metastasis proce ... | 2009 | 19178296 |
| garcinia mangostana l.: a phytochemical and pharmacological review. | garcinia mangostana l. (mangosteen, clusiaceae) has a long history of use as a medical plant, mostly in southeast asia. this is a review of the phytochemistry and pharmacology of mangosteen. traditionally mangosteen is famous for its antiinflammatory properties and is used in the treatment of skin infections and wounds. other applications include the therapy of various conditions such as dysentery, different urinary disorders, cystitis and gonorrhoea. this review highlights the development of th ... | 2009 | 19172667 |
| effects of compounds from garcinia mangostana on inflammatory mediators in raw264.7 macrophage cells. | the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana linn. has been used in thai traditional medicine for treatment of abscess and skin infection. | 2009 | 19056479 |
| mangosteen (garcinia mangostana). | 2009 | 19476734 | |
| a myb transcription factor regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis in mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) fruit during ripening. | mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) fruit undergo rapid red colour development, both on the tree and after harvest, resulting in high anthocyanin production in the pericarp. here, we report the isolation of three full-length mangosteen myb transcription factors (gmmyb1, gmmyb7 and gmmyb10) and all the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway genes (gmpal to gmufgt). phylogenetic analysis at the protein level of the r2r3-myb transcription factor family showed gmmyb10 had a high degree of similarity with ... | 2009 | 19306102 |
| validation of lc for the determination of alpha-mangostin in mangosteen peel extract: a tool for quality assessment of garcinia mangostana l. | mangosteen, garcinia mangostana l., is known as the "queen of fruits" and can be cultivated in the tropical rainforest such as malaysia, indonesia, and thailand. compounds isolated from the fruit peel of mangosteen contain abundant xanthones (especially alpha-mangostin). it has been used as traditional medicine such as anti-inflammatory and antibacterial and is popularly applied to cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. however, there is little information for quality and quantity determination o ... | 2009 | 19298703 |
| a new antioxidant xanthone from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana linn. | the air-dried fruit hulls of garcinia mangostana linn. were extracted with 85% ethanol. furthermore, a new xanthone, 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2,5-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-6',6'-dimethyl-4',5'-dihydropyrano[2',3':7,8]xanthone, along with five known xanthones related to their antioxidant activity was purified by silica gel column chromatography and then identified using spectroscopic methods (1d and 2d nmr, ms). the antioxidant activities were evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) radical-sc ... | 2010 | 20954095 |
| xanthone constituents of the fruits of garcinia mangostana with anticomplement activity. | phytochemical investigation of a chloroform-soluble fraction of the freeze-dried fruits of garcinia mangostana (clusiaceace) with anticomplement activity in the classical pathway led to the identification of five known xanthones. the structures of these compounds were confirmed by interpretation of nmr and ms spectroscopic data. of the isolates obtained, 1-isomangostin and garcinone e were found to be active constituents in the anticomplement assay used. | 2010 | 20878711 |
| xanthones with neuraminidase inhibitory activity from the seedcases of garcinia mangostana. | this study was designed to gain deeper insights into the molecular properties of natural xanthones as neuraminidase inhibitors. a series of xanthones 1-12 was isolated from the seedcases of garcinia mangostana and evaluated for bacteria neuraminidase inhibitory activity. compounds 11 and 12 emerged to be new xanthones (mangostenone f, mangostenone g) which we fully spectroscopically characterized. the ic(50) values of compounds 1-12 were determined to range between 0.27-65.7 microm. the most pot ... | 2010 | 20696581 |
| antioxidant, free radical-scavenging activity and cytotoxicity of different solvent extracts and their phenolic constituents from the fruit hull of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana). | antioxidative, skin protective activities, and cytotoxicity of three extracts (water, methanol, and hexane) from the fruit hull of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana linn. (guttiferae)) and their phenolic constituents such as alpha-mangostin, epicatechin, and tannin, were evaluated. the amounts of alpha-mangostin, total flavonoid, and total tannin were different among the three extracts, except those of total tannin in methanol and hexane extracts. for the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (dpph) free- ... | 2010 | 20645756 |
| removal of pb(ii), cd(ii) and co(ii) from aqueous solution using garcinia mangostana l. fruit shell. | this study examines the possibility of using mangosteen shell to remove low concentrations of lead, zinc and cobalt (less than 100 mg/l) from aqueous solution. it was found that the biosorption capacities were significantly affected by solution ph, contact time and initial metal ions concentration. un-extracted and extracted dyes of mangosteen shell were investigated. moreover higher ph up to 5 favoring higher metal ion removal. kinetic and isotherm experiments were carried out at the optimal ph ... | 2010 | 20627410 |
| molecular diversity of fungal endophytes isolated from garcinia mangostana and garcinia parvifolia. | garcinia is commonly found in malaysia, but limited information is available regarding endophytic fungi associated with this plant. in this study, 24 endophytic fungi were successfully recovered from different parts of two garcinia species. characterization of endophytic fungi was performed based on the conserved internal transcribed spacer (its) region sequence analysis and the antimicrobial properties. results revealed that fruits of the plant appeared to be the highest inhabitation site (38 % ... | 2010 | 20467234 |
| two new prenylated xanthones and a new prenylated tetrahydroxanthone from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana. | two new prenylated xanthones and a new prenylated tetrahydroxanthone, garcimangosxanthone a-c (1-3), along with fourteen known xanthones were isolated from the pericarp of garcinia mangostana. their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. compounds 1 and 2 exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against a549, lac and a375 cell lines with ic(50) values of 5.7-24.9 microm, which were comparable to those of doxorubicin. | 2010 | 20176087 |
| new medicinal properties of mangostins: analgesic activity and pharmacological characterization of active ingredients from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l. | the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana l. contains oxygenated and prenylated phenol derivatives, such as xanthones or xanthen-9h-ones, and is used by people in southeast asia as a traditional medicine for the treatment of abdominal pain, dysentery, wound infections, suppuration, and chronic ulcer. we isolated the active ingredients from the crude ethanol extract of g.mangostana l. (cem) and investigated their analgesic effects and underlying mechanisms. cem at intragastric (i.g.) doses of 0.5, 1, ... | 2010 | 20064550 |
| potential of xanthones from tropical fruit mangosteen as anti-cancer agents: caspase-dependent apoptosis induction in vitro and in mice. | the pericarp of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) is rich in various xanthones that are known to possess unique biological activities. in this work, we characterized the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic activities of mangosteen xanthones both in vitro and in mice. in vitro analysis with a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line, colo 205, showed that mangosteen xanthones not only inhibit the proliferation of target cells but also induce their death by apoptosis that involves the activation o ... | 2010 | 20101528 |
| protective effect of mangosteen extract against beta-amyloid-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and altered proteome in sk-n-sh cells. | beta-amyloid (a beta) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of alzheimer's disease (ad) by inducing neurotoxicity and cell death mainly through production of reactive oxygen species (ros). garcinia mangostana l. (mangosteen) has been recognized as a major source of natural antioxidants that could decrease ros. however, its role in protection of a beta-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in neuronal cells remains unclear. we therefore examined such a protective effect of mangosteen extract (me) by ... | 2010 | 20232907 |
| assessment of antioxidant capacity and cytotoxicity of selected malaysian plants. | thirteen malaysian plants; artocarpus champeden, azadirachta indica, fragaria x ananassa, garcinia mangostana, lawsonia inermis, mangifera indica, nephelium lappaceum, nephelium mutobile, peltophorum pterocarpum, psidium guajava and syzygium aqueum, selected for their use in traditional medicine, were subjected to a variety of assays. antioxidant capability, total phenolic content, elemental composition, as well as it cytotoxity to several cell lines of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts from di ... | 2010 | 20428033 |
| enhanced growth of lactobacilli in soymilk upon immobilization on agrowastes. | cell immobilization is an alternative to microencapsulation for the maintenance of cells in a liquid medium. the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of agrowastes from durian (durio zibethinus), cempedak (artocarpus champeden), and mangosteen (garcinia mangostana) as immobilizers for lactobacilli grown in soymilk. rinds from the agrowastes were separated from the skin, dried, and ground (150 microm) to form powders and used as immobilizers. scanning electron microscopy revealed t ... | 2010 | 20492305 |
| use of asiatic pennywort centella asiatica aqueous extract as a bath treatment to control columnaris in nile tilapia. | to develop antibiotic-free and chemical-free aquaculture, it is necessary to have natural substances to control diseases of aquatic animals. the aim of this study was to find an herb having therapeutic effect against columnaris, a fish disease caused by the bacterium flavobacterium columnare. of all tested herbs (including kalmegh andrographis paniculata, candle bush cassia alata, asiatic pennywort centella asiatica, mangosteen garcinia mangostana, pomegranate punica granatum, and guava psidium ... | 2010 | 20575361 |
| activity of mangosteen xanthones and teleocidin a-2 in death receptor expression enhancement and tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand assays. | a screening study using a luciferase assay to identify natural products that enhance death receptor 5 (dr5) expression was carried out, and bioassay-guided fractionation of two organisms, the pericarp of garcinia mangostana (mangosteen) and actinomycete ckk609 strain, led to the isolation of eight xanthone derivatives (1-8) and teleocidin a-2 (9). among them, compounds 1, 2, and 5, isolated from g. mangostana, and 9, from the actinomycete, showed potent dr5 promoter activity. furthermore, we rev ... | 2010 | 19788289 |
| fatty acid synthase inhibitors of phenolic constituents isolated from garcinia mangostana. | natural inhibitors of fatty acid synthase (fas) are emerging as potential therapeutic agents to treat cancer and obesity. the bioassay-guided chemical investigation of the hulls of garcinia mangostana led to the isolation of 13 phenolic compounds (1-13) mainly including xanthone and benzophenone, in which compounds 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 were isolated from this plant for the first time and compound 9 was a new natural product. these isolates possess strong inhibitory activity of fas with the ic(50) ... | 2010 | 20817450 |
| doxorubicin-induced central nervous system toxicity and protection by xanthone derivative of garcinia mangostana. | doxorubicin (dox) is a potent, broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic drug used around the world. despite its effectiveness, it has a wide range of toxic side effects, many of which most likely result from its inherent pro-oxidant activity. it has been reported that dox has toxic effects on normal tissues, including brain tissue. the present study tested the protective effect of a xanthone derivative of garcinia mangostana against dox-induced neuronal toxicity. xanthone can prevent dox from causing mon ... | 2010 | 21074598 |
| apoptotic effects of γ-mangostin from the fruit hull of garcinia mangostana on human malignant glioma cells. | gliomas are a common type of primary brain tumor with glioblastoma multiforme accounting for the majority of human brain tumors. in this paper, high grade human malignant glioblastomas (mgs) including u87 mg and gbm 8401 were used to evaluate the antitumor effects of γ-mangostin, a xanthone derivative isolated and purified from the hull of the tropical fruit garcinia mangostana. the γ-mangostin showed potent antiproliferative activity toward mgs in dose- and time-dependent manners. in addition, ... | 2010 | 21139533 |
| inhibition of chemiluminescence and chemotactic activity of phagocytes in vitro by the extracts of selected medicinal plants. | the methanol extracts of 20 selected medicinal plants were investigated for their effects on the respiratory burst of human whole blood, isolated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) and isolated mice macrophages using a luminol/lucigenin-based chemiluminescence assay. we also tested the effect of the extracts on chemotactic migration of pmns using the boyden chamber technique. the extracts of curcuma domestica l., phyllanthus amarus schum & thonn and c. xanthorrhiza roxb. were the samples ... | 2010 | 21184195 |
| effect of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) extracts as a feed additive on growth and hematological parameters of african catfish (clarias gariepinus) fingerlings. | the efficacy of dietary inclusion of various parts of mangosteen (garcinia mangostana l.) extract on growth and hematological parameters of african catfish (clarias gariepinus) fingerlings were investigated. | 2010 | 20707250 |
| antibacterial activity of extracts from five medicinal plants and their formula against bacteria that cause chronic wound infection. | chronic wound is caused by various factors such as chemotherapy, gene damage, treatment with steroids, diabetes mellitus, renal failure, blood pressure, infection and nutritional factors. one of the most common causes is bacterial infection. antibacterial activity of several herbal plants has been reported. thai medicinal plants which possess biological activities are potential to develop an alternative treatment of bacterial infection. | 2011 | 22619924 |
| pharmacokinetics of α-mangostin in rats after intravenous and oral application. | the xanthone α-mangostin is one of the major bioactive secondary metabolites in garcinia mangostana. until now, in vivo studies on the absorption, bioavailability, disposition, and metabolism of α-mangostin are limited. | 2011 | 21254395 |