Publications

TitleAbstractYear(sorted ascending)
Filter
PMID
Filter
nuclear polyhedrosis virus detection: relative capabilities of clones developed from trichoplusia ni ovarian cell line tn-368 to serve as indicator cells in a plaque assay.cloned cell lines from the established trichoplusia ni line tn-368 appear to differ from one another in their relative capabilities to serve as plaque assay indicator cell lines for autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. although there seems to be little correlation between their relative generation times and their efficiency in supporting plaque formation as indicator cell lines, there does seem to be a relationship within a given line between its capability to serve as an indicator ...19751104895
autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus: comparative infectivity of the occluded, alkali-liberated, and nonoccluded forms. 1977336795
restriction endonuclease analysis to distinguish two closely related nuclear polyhedrosis viruses: autographa californica mnpv and trichoplusia ni mnpv.restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of the deoxyribonucleic acid genomes of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (multiply embedded type) and trichoplusia ni nuclear polyhedrosis virus (multiply embedded type) demonstrate that the two viruses are distinct but closely related variants.1978354530
immunoperoxidase detection of baculovirus antigens in insect cells.the sequence of events in the infection of tn-368-10 and tn-368-13 cells by autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) was investigated by using the indirect immunoperoxidase technique. antisera raised against enveloped nucleocapsids detected homologous antigens at 6 to 8 h post infection which was about 2 h before the appearance of both intracellular and extracellular infectious virus. similar tests using polyhedrin antiserum showed that polyhedrin is first synthesized at 12 h p ...1978357682
isolation of genotypic variants of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.a nuclear polyhedrosis virus (mnpv) isolated from a lepidopteran (noctuidae) insect, autographa californica, was cloned by successive plaque purification using virions containing only one nucleocapsid per envelope as inoculum. the ability to clone the virus by this method was demonstrated by the isolation of nondefective, genotypic variants of the virus with similar but not identical restriction endonuclease fragment patterns. five distinct variants were identified by genotypic analysis with hin ...1978359831
autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus structural proteins compared from in vivo and in vitro sources.polyhedrin obtained from autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) was apparently not modified in terms of primary structure after passage through alternate host systems, both in vivo and in vitro, as investigated by two-dimensional, high-voltage electrophoresis of tryptic digests of this protein as well as amino acid analysis. n-terminal analyses were conducted using an improved technique which showed proline to be the n-terminal amino acid. in addition, passage of enveloped nu ...1979372131
interference with polyhedral inclusion body (pib) production in trichoplusia ni cells infected with a high passage strain of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv). brief report.trichoplusia ni cells infected with a low passage (lp) strain of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv) produce large numbers of polyhedral inclusion bodies (pibs). interference with pib production occurs when t. ni cells are first inoculated with a high passage (hp) strain and then challenged with the lp strain. pib production is reduced 100 fold to the level seen with hp virus infection only.1979389204
physical map of the dna genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.a physical map of the 88 x 10(6) dalton, circular dna genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus was constructed. the complete order of bamhi and xmai restriction enzyme sites was determined. the ecori and hindiii fragments were partially ordered, and their general locations, relative to the bamhi and xmai maps, were determined. alterations in the restriction endonuclease fragment patterns of natural genotypic variants of a. californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, including tric ...197916789175
restriction maps of five autographa californica mnpv variants, trichoplusia ni mnpv, and galleria mellonella mnpv dnas with endonucleases smai, kpni, bamhi, saci, xhoi, and ecori.the restriction sites of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) e2 dna were mapped for the endonucleases smai, kpni, bamhi, saci, xhoi, and ecori. the restriction maps of four other acmnpv variants, trichoplusia ni (tnmnpv), and galleria mellonella (gmmnpv) genomes were determined and compared to the endonuclease cleavage maps of acmnpv e2 dna. the viral structural polypeptides of acmnpv variants s3, e2, s1, m3, and r9 were the same when analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electro ...197916789179
genetic analysis of a baculovirus, autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus i. isolation of temperature-sensitive mutants and assortment into complementation groups.temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants were isolated from the baculovirus autographa californica (alfalfa looper) mnpv, grown in spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm) cells in the presence of n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine. of 567 plaque isolates screened, 27 were temperature sensitive (ts), representing a mutation frequency of 4.8%. ten ts mutants were studied in detail: six failed to yield nonoccluded virus at 33 degrees c (nov mutants), whereas the other four produced nonoccluded virus but ...197916789180
isolation, complementation, and initial characterization of temperature-sensitive mutants of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.sixteen temperature-sensitive mutants of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus were isolated. several interesting phenotypes were observed. a large proportion of the mutants were unable to form polyhedral occlusion bodies (polyhedra) at the nonpermissive temperature (32.5 degrees c). at 32.5 degrees c, one mutant formed plaques in which the cells lacked polyhedra. another mutant type was defective in the production of progeny extracellular nonoccluded virus and produced a "plaque" co ...197916789181
infection of spodoptera frugiperda cells with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus i. synthesis of intracellular proteins after virus infection.the replication of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) in spodoptera frugiperda cells in culture has been studied with different methods. the first virus-induced polypeptides (with molecular weights of 46k, 30k, 29k) in infected cells appeared at 3 hr postinfection. viral dna synthesis started at about 5 hr postinfection. by electron microscopy, intranuclear nucleocapsids were detected at 10 hr postinfection and at about the same time, the titer of intracellular infectious ...197916945842
infection of spodoptera frugiperda cells with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus ii. the viral dna and the kinetics of its replication.the kinetics of replication of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) dna in spodoptera frugiperda cells in culture were studied. viral dna replication started at about 5 hr postinfection, the rate of viral dna replication reached a maximum at about 18 hr postinfection and thereafter decreased. parental viral dna could be detected within the first hour postinfection in the total intracellular dna by the southern technique. there was no evidence for the occurrence of acnpv dna ...197916945843
infectious dna from autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.cells from the lepidopteran spodoptera frugiperda can be successfully transfected in culture with the dna from autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv). the calcium chloride precipitation procedure has been used in conjunction with dimethyl sulfoxide treatment of the transfected cells. the highest specific infectivity observed was 6.1 x 10(4) pfu/mug of acnpv dna. as judged from a comparison of the restriction patterns of viral dna preparations, the virus produced in transfectio ...198016945844
restriction map of rachiplusia ou and rachiplusia ou-autographa californica baculovirus recombinants.the restriction sites of rachiplusia ou nuclear polyhedrosis virus (romnpv) dna were mapped for the endonucleases smai, kpni, bamhi, saci, xhoi, and ecori. of the 60 dna restriction sites of romnpv, 35 mapped in similar positions as compared to the restriction sites of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) dna. two plaque-purified viruses, obtained from randomly picked plaques of a wild-type isolate of romnpv, were recombinants of romnpv and acmnpv. the recombinants were sho ...198016789188
physical maps of autographa californica and rachiplusia ou nuclear polyhedrosis virus recombinants.tn-368 cells were infected simultaneously with the closely related autographa california (acmnpv) and rachiplusia ou (romnpv) nuclear polyhedrosis viruses. progeny viral isolates were plaque purified, and their dnas were analyzed with restriction endonucleases. of 100 randomly cloned plaques, 7 were acmnpv and romnpv recombinants, 5 were romnpv, and 88 were acmnpv. the recombinants contained dna sequences derived from both parental genomes. by comparing the restriction cleavage patterns of paren ...198016789198
on the origin of the polyhedral protein of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. isolation, characterization, and translation of viral messenger rna.virus-specific messenger rna was isolated 24 hr postinfection from spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) by means of hybridization with viral dna that was coupled to cellulose. viral mrna was analyzed on isokinetic sucrose gradients and on polyacrylamide gels containing 98% formamide. viral mrna was also translated in an in vitro protein-synthesizing system derived from wheat germ. one product comigrated with purified acnpv polyhedral ...198018631636
autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus-induced proteins in tissue culture.the multiplication of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus was studied in trichoplusia ni and spodoptera frugiperda insect cell lines. using pulse labeling, 18 viral-induced proteins were identified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. based on infectivity curves and protein synthesis studies, replication could be divided into four phases. during the early phase of infection, four viral-induced proteins with molecular weights of 45, 35, 34, and 31 thousand daltons could be detecte ...198018631644
protease degradation of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus proteins.the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (ac-npv) occlusion bodies produced in vivo contained a protease which degraded occlusion body matrix protein and polypeptides of enveloped nucleocapsids during alkaline dissolution. the protease activity was required for complete dissociation of occlusion body matrix protein from the viral membrane during alkali liberation of the virus from occlusion bodies. in addition protease activity was required for the subsequent removal of the viral me ...198018631654
protein synthesis in cells infected by autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (ac-npv): the effect of cytosine arabinoside.twenty-two virion polypeptides (vp) were detected reproducibly when the occluded form (ov) of [35s]methionine-labeled ac-npv, purified from polyhedral inclusion bodies (pib), was analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. ten of the vps and the polyhedral protein (pp) were phosphorylated and 6 vps were glycoproteins. purified, nonoccluded virus (nov) revealed 25 polypeptides. during a single cycle of virus replication, the synthesis of 33 infected cell polypeptides (1cp) ...198018631655
isolation and replication of an occlusion body-deficient mutant of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.a spontaneous mutant of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus which was deficient in viral occlusion body formation was studied in trichoplusia ni tissue culture cells. virus multiplication could be divided into four phases based on growth curves and the sequential appearance of 25 viral-induced proteins identified by pulse labeling and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. during the latent phase, five viral-induced proteins with molecular weights of 68, 47, 35, and 30 thousand (k ...198018631676
chemically-defined media for production of insect cells and viruses in vitro.two chemically-defined media are described. they support the growth of a) an established cell line of spodoptera frugiperda cells and b) two established mosquito cell lines from aedes aegypti and anopheles gambiae. the replication of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) in s. frugiperda cells grown in a defined medium is reported.19806102531
virulence of cloned variants of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.the relative virulence of five different genotypic variants of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus was tested by determining the 50% lethal dose of occluded virus for larvae of trichoplusia ni. the 50% lethal dose values of uncloned virus and the five cloned genotypic variants ranged between 10 and 21 polyhedra per larva, and no statistically significant differences were observed. cloning has therefore neither enhanced nor decreased the virulence of this potential microbial pestici ...19806990868
biological studies of a baculovirus in a mammalian cell line.in two of five experiments, replication (tcid50) was observed following inoculation of chinese hamster cells with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv). radiolabeling experiments employing tritiated thymidine consistently resulted in a labeled entity which banded in sucrose gradients at a density of 1.24-1.25 g/ml, similar to that observed for a. californica npv in the permissive trichoplusia ni cell line. the labeled entity is believed to be a. californica npv, based on infect ...19806998919
improved replication of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus in roller bottles: characterization of the progeny virus.a reproducible growth curve was established for the propagation of autographa californica (speyer) nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) in a continuous insect line from spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) during large-volume production. a newly developed method for quantitation of polyhedra inclusion bodies (pib) by electron microscopy (em) during the growth cycle was compared to hemocytometer counts. the virus particles (vp) ratio to pfu and vp per pib were established by em methods. optimal yie ...19817028679
baculovirus bioassay not dependent upon polyhedra production.an immunoperoxidase-based quantitative assay has been developed for infectious units of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus infecting tn-368 cells. major benefits of this assay over existing quantitative assays for baculoviruses are that it is not dependent upon polyhedra production, it is clear-cut and easy to score, and results are obtained within 24 h.19817028916
the cloned ecori fragments of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus dna. 19816282701
in vivo pathway of autographa californica baculovirus invasion and infection.the pathway of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) infection in cabbage looper, trichoplusia ni, larval midgut cells was studied by ultrastructural and virus titration methods. enveloped virions interacted with microvilli of columnar cells resulting in apparent fusion of the viral envelope and microvillus membrane. after entry into the cell cytoplasm, the intact nucleocapsids appeared to enter the nucleus through nuclear pores, and uncoating of the viral genome took place i ...198118635031
autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus phosphoproteins and synthesis of intracellular proteins after virus infection.polypeptides and phosphoproteins isolated from nuclear and cytoplasmic fractions of tn-368-10 cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. likewise, acmnpv extracellular virus and alkali-released virus were compared. acmnpv extracellular virus possessed at least nine phosphoproteins while the alkali-released virus had about 14 phosphoproteins. the major structural polypeptide of acmnpv, polyhedrin, was phospho ...198118635034
cell culture studies with the imc-hz-1 nonoccluded virus.studies were conducted on an adventitious agent (hz-1v) isolated from the imc-hz-1 cell line. it appeared identical to the virus first obtained by granados et al (r. r. granados, t. nguyen, and b. cato, 1978, intervirology, 10, 309-317) from a persistent infection of this cell line. restriction endonuclease digestion of hz-1v dna indicated the agent was different from the s nuclear polyhedrosis virus (hzsnpv) of the host species, heliothis zea, from which the imc-hz-1 cell line was derived by hi ...198118635105
alpha-amanitin-resistant viral rna synthesis in nuclei isolated from nuclear polyhedrosis virus-infected heliothis zea larvae and spodoptera frugiperda cells.[(3)h]rna was synthesized in nuclei isolated at various times postinfection from the fat bodies of heliothis zea larvae infected with h. zea nuclear polyhedrosis virus and from cultured spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. to detect virus-specific rna synthesis, the [(3)h]rna was hybridized to denatured viral dna immobilized on nitrocellulose filters. nuclear polyhedrosis virus-specific rna synthesis in the infected nuclei isolated from h. ...198116789208
construction of a genetic map of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus by marker rescue of temperature-sensitive mutants.mutations of seven temperature-sensitive mutants of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv) were mapped with respect to the physical restriction map of the a. californica npv dna by marker rescue. dnas from two distantly related npvs of the multiply embedded type and two npvs of the singly embedded type were unable to rescue two a. californica npv mutants.198116789213
hybridization selection and in vitro translation of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus mrna.we isolated polyadenylated rna from the cytoplasm of cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus late after infection (21 h postinfection). at that time intracellular protein synthesis was directed almost exclusively toward infected cell-specific proteins. the polyadenylic acid-containing rna sequences in the cytoplasm at 21 h postinfection were radiolabeled in vitro and hybridized to a. californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus dna restriction fragments. the polyadenylic ...198116789215
physical factors that affect in vitro autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus infection.of the physical parameters tested for in vitro baculovirus infection, multiplicity of infection was most important in governing percent cell infection. most plaques formed within the first 5 min of incubation. efficiency of infection, however, was low, and the virus titer did not diminish during prolonged incubation. efficiency of infection improved markedly when cells or virus were preincubated with selected polyanions and polycations. precise regulation of the ph, osmotic pressure, and ionic c ...198116345768
generalized immunoassay for autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus infectivity in vitro.a quantitative in vitro immunoassay for the infectivity of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus was developed and performed in six different lepidopteran cell lines. the assay was not dependent upon cytopathic effect or polyhedron production, but rather upon viral antigen production and its recognition in a peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining procedure. the importance of using such an assay for accurately assessing infectivity in cell lines which produce polyhedra inefficiently was d ...198216346059
orientation of the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus: a proposal.the nuclear polyhedrosis virus of the alfalfa looper autographa californica contains a double-stranded, circular dna genome. fourteen scientists agreed to accept an orientation of this circular genome with respect to a physical map of the restriction endonuclease cleavage sites.198216789218
molecular cloning and physical mapping of restriction endonuclease fragments of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus dna.a restriction fragment library containing autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) dna was constructed by using the pbr322 plasmid as a vector. the library, which is representative of more than 95% of the viral genome, consists of 2 of the 7 bamhi fragments, 12 of the 24 hindiii fragments, and 23 of the 24 ecori fragments. the cloned fragments were characterized and used to generate physical maps of the genome by hybridizing nick-translated recombinant plasmid to southern blots ...198216789219
capping of viral rna in cultured spodoptera frugiperda cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.viral rna from fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) cells infected with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus contains cap structures. most of the cap labeled in vivo with [(3)h]methionine or (32)p(i) cochromatographed on deae-cellulose with the -5 charge marker; a minor component appeared at -4 net charge. the former is probably a cap 1 structure (m(7)gpppx(m) (p)yp), and the latter is probably a cap 0 (m(7)gpppxp). on the basis of relative labeling of the two caps with [(3)h]adeno ...198216789227
mapping the mutation site of an autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus polyhedron morphology mutant.a polyhedron morphology mutant of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, designated m5, was compared with wild-type virus by genotypic analysis with ecori, bamhi, hindiii, ssti, and smai restriction endonucleases. m5 dna revealed several alterations relative to the wild-type pattern: (i) ecori fragment i was 400 base pairs larger; (ii) bamhi fragment f was missing; (iii) hindiii fragment f was 400 base pairs larger; (iv) an extra restriction fragment was obtained with both hindiii an ...198216789229
in vitro translation of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus early and late mrnas.a preliminary translational map of the autographa californica genome was constructed. eighteen viral dna restriction fragments were either purified from agarose gels or obtained from pbr322 recombinant dna plasmids to locate specific gene products. the dnas were immobilized on nitrocellulose filters and used to select viral mrnas isolated from rna obtained from the cytoplasm of infected spodoptera frugiperda cells at 21 h postinfection. the fragment-specific mrnas were translated in vitro in the ...198216789231
alteration of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus dna upon serial passage in cell culture.plaque-purified autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, acmnpv e2 isolate, was propagated for 30 generations by serial passage in tn-368 cells. after passage, the dnas from 7 of 20 replaque-purified isolates were found to have additional ecori restriction enzyme fragments. these 7 isolates were of three types. the additional ecori fragments of each isolate hybridized to existing viral dna. restriction enzyme mapping with saci and smai show that isolates of each type contain an inserti ...198218635147
inhibition of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus replication in high-density trichoplusia ni cell cultures.replication of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus was studied in trichoplusia ni (tn-368) tissue culture cells under cell density conditions which approximated a confluent monolayer (5.7 x 10(5) cells/cm(2) growth surface). these high-density cultures were not refractory to infection but the synthesis of both the occluded and nonoccluded forms of the virus were inhibited greater than 98% when compared to inoculation of low cell density cultures (1.4 x 10(5) cells/cm(2)). the i ...198218635148
characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.mouse hybridomas which produce monoclonal antibodies to the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) have been prepared and the protein to which each is directed has been determined. the antibody produced by clones 3f3 and 5e9 specifically bound polyhedron protein of mw 32,000 when used in immunoadsorption chromatography when used in elisa they could not distinguish between insect- and cell culture-derived polyhedron protein and also reacted with a wide range of baculoviruses. t ...198218638810
dna homology among subgroup a, b, and c baculoviruses.the dna homology among 18 baculoviruses from subgroups a, b, and c was compared using restriction endonuclease analysis, dna hybridization, and southern blot hybridization. restriction enzyme patterns for each of the viral dnas compared was unique. viral dna homology was evaluated by hybridizing 32p-labeled viral dnas to unlabeled dnas immobilized on nitrocellulose filters. hybridization conditions were varied by using a range of formamide concentrations during annealing. the apparent dna homolo ...198218638848
molecular cloning of dna complementary to mrna of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus: location and gene products of rna transcripts found late in infection.dnas complementary to late autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) mrna were synthesized by reverse transcription and cloned in escherichia coli by using pbr322 as a vector. eleven different cdnas were distinguished in our screening of 45 acnpv-homologous clones. location of the regions of cdna homology with respect to the acnpv physical map showed that the 11 cdnas were dispersed throughout the genome. the most abundant cdna insertion, representing approximately one-third of t ...19826184487
the translational map of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) genome.we have mapped early and late viral gene products expressed in autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus ( acnpv )-infected spodoptera frugiperda cells by cell-free translation of virus-specific rna which was selected by hybridization to cloned restriction endonuclease fragments of acnpv dna. proteins synthesized in vitro were labeled with [35s]methionine and analyzed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by fluorography. at least four early acnpv -specific polypeptides were ...19826327284
bromodeoxyuridine-induced mutants of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus defective in occlusion body formation.twelve temperature-sensitive (ts) and two morphology mutants of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus were generated using the mutagen 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (brdurd). the ts mutants grew normally at 25 degrees c but exhibited abnormal occlusion body formation when grown at 33 degrees c whereas the morphology mutants produced an abnormal cytopathic effect at 25 degrees c and 33 degrees c. none of the mutants was severely restricted for production of non-occluded virus; thus, with th ...19826754865
transcription of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome: location of late cytoplasmic mrna. 19826755883
neutralization studies on the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. 19836338869
monoclonal antibodies to baculovirus structural proteins: determination of specificities by western blot analysis.conventional mouse hybridoma technology was utilized to produce a panel of monoclonal antibodies which reacted with baculovirus proteins. using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), the hybridomas which were raised against polyhedrin from autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) and choristoeura fumiferana nuclear polyhedrosis virus (cfnpv) were found to cross-react differentially with polyhedrins and granulins from several species of baculoviruses. hybridoma antibodies ...19836340331
autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) dna does not persist in mass cultures of mammalian cells.autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) is one of the most extensively studied baculoviruses. we have investigated whether acnpv or its dna can replicate and/or persist in cultures of mammalian cells. human hela cells or primary human embryonic kidney cells, simian cv1 cells, hamster bhk21 (b3) cells or muntiacus muntjak cells growing in monolayer cultures were used in these studies. cells were inoculated with acnpv at multiplicities ranging from 0.1 to 100 pfu/cell. subsequent ...19836402854
analysis of a mutant of autographa california nuclear polyhedrosis virus with a defect in the morphogenesis of the occlusion body macromolecular lattice.a mutant (m-29) of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) grew in spodoptera frugiperda and trichoplusia ni cells but did not form typical intranuclear occlusion bodies (ob); instead, small particles (95 to 180 nm diam.) were produced in copious amounts within nuclei. ultrastructural studies showed that the particles did not occlude enveloped nucleocapsids and that they lacked a macromolecular paracrystalline lattice and a structure equivalent to the occlusion body envelope. ...19836306151
production of human beta interferon in insect cells infected with a baculovirus expression vector.autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) was used as an expression vector for human beta interferon. by using specially constructed plasmids, the protein-coding sequences for interferon were linked to the acnpv promoter for the gene encoding for polyhedrin, the major occlusion protein. the interferon gene was inserted at various locations relative to the acnpv polyhedrin transcriptional and translational signals, and the interferon-polyhedrin hybrid genes were transferred to inf ...19836318086
characterization of two abundant mrnas of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus present late in infection.cytoplasmic poly(a)(+) rna isolated from spodoptera frugiperda cells late after infection with autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (30-40 hr pi) was fractionated according to size on denaturing methyl mercury gels. two major rna species (1.4 kb and 0.75 kb) and several minor rna species were detected by ethidium bromide staining. the predominant rna species of about 1.4 kb was considered to be polyhedrin mrna because (1) in vitro translation of the rna, which was eluted from methyl ...198318638868
a temperature-sensitive mutant of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus defective in an early function required for further gene expression.fifteen temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) have been analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of proteins synthesized in infected cells. one of the mutants, tsb821, was found to be defective in a very early function. seven virus-induced proteins were synthesized by 2 hr postinfection. in marked contrast to wild-type virus and the other 14 ts mutants, the synthesis of further virus ...198318638939
mapping early transcription products of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.the regions of the acmnpv genome represented as cytoplasmic transcripts early after infection of spodoptera frugiperda cells prior to and encompassing the initiation of dna replication were mapped. in vivo(32)p pulse-labeled cytoplasmic rna from infected cells at various times postinfection was used to probe southern blots of cloned ecori acmnpv dna fragments. at the earliest time point studied (0.5 - 2.5 hr p.i.) transcripts represented a large proportion of the genome although specific regions ...198318638940
a study of the glycoproteins of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv).pulse labeling with tritiated mannose was used to follow the time course of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) glycoprotein synthesis in spodoptera frugiperda iplb-21 cells. nine viral-induced intracellular glycoproteins were first detected from as early as 2 hr postinoculation (67k, early phase) to as late as 14 hr (36k and 19k glycoproteins, intermediate phase). glycosylation of these proteins was observed to continue to the end of the experiment (28 hr postinoculation). ...198318639173
nucleotide sequence of the polyhedrin gene of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.the nucleotide sequence of a 1143-bp region of autographa californica mnpv (acmnpv) dna containing the entire coding region of polyhedrin was determined. the coding region consisted of 732 bp without intervening sequences. the 5' leader sequence was approximately 58 nucleotides in length. a putative "tata box" and "caat box" were located 20 and 52 bp upstream from the transcriptional start site, respectively. two tandem repeats of 8 bp were found 70 and 84 bp upstream from the transcriptional st ...198318639177
physical analysis of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus transcripts for polyhedrin and 10,000-molecular-weight protein.in autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus-infected cells, polyhedrin, the major structural polypeptide of the viral occlusions, and a low-molecular-weight viral protein with a molecular weight of approximately 10,000 (10k) accumulated to high levels late in infection. two polyadenylated rnas 1,200 and 630 bases in size were the most abundant viral transcripts present in the cytoplasm at 48 h postinfection. evidence is presented that these rnas were the transcripts for polyhedrin and 1 ...198316789235
location of homologous dna sequences interspersed at five regions in the baculovirus acmnpv genome.an examination of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus dna revealed the presence of five interspersed regions, rich in ecori restriction sites, which shared homologous sequences. these homologous regions (hr), designated hr(1) to hr(5), occur at or near the following ecori fragment junctions: hr(1)ecori-b-ecori-i (0.0 map units); hr(2), ecori-a-ecori-j (19.8 map units); hr(3), ecori-c-ecori-g (52.9 map units); hr(4), ecori-q-ecori-l (69.8 map units); and hr(5), ecori-s-ecori-x (88.0 ...198316789237
occluded and budded autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus: immunological relatedness of structural proteins.the immunological relatedness of the structural proteins of the budded and occluded phenotypes of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus was examined by reciprocal immunoblotting and by in situ peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining of virus-induced cell surface and intracellular antigens with antisera to both phenotypes. the molecular weights (mws) of major structural proteins of both phenotypes that reciprocally cross-reacted were 92,500, 78,000, 62,500, 54,000, and 42,000. a highly imm ...198316789239
protein kinase activity associated with the extracellular and occluded forms of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.protein kinase activity is associated with both the extracellular and the occluded forms of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, a baculovirus. serine and threonine are the predominant amino acids phosphorylated by the kinase activity associated with both viral forms; no phosphotyrosine was detected. the addition of calcium, camp, or cgmp has no apparent effect on the amount of phosphorylation or the substrates phosphorylated.198316789240
molecular engineering of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome: deletion mutations within the polyhedrin gene.we describe a method to introduce site-specific mutations into the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. specifically, the a. californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus gene for polyhedrin, the major protein that forms viral occlusions in infected cells, was mutagenized by introducing deletions into the cloned dna fragment containing the gene. the mutagenized polyhedrin gene was transferred to the intact viral dna by mixing fragment and viral dnas, cotransfecting spodoptera fr ...198316789242
viral transcription during autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus infection: a novel rna polymerase induced in infected spodoptera frugiperda cells.autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus-specific rna synthesis in isolated nuclei of spodoptera frugiperda cells in culture was monitored at different times postinfection. up to 8 h postinfection viral rna synthesis remained sensitive to 5 mug of alpha-amanitin per ml. during the course of infection this sensitivity decreased, and at 24 h postinfection rna synthesis was completely resistant to alpha-amanitin. deae-sephadex profiles of rna polymerase isolated at 24 h postinfection showe ...198316789246
in vitro survey of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus interaction with nontarget vertebrate host cells.thirty-five nontarget host cell lines, 23 of human and 12 of nonhuman vertebrate origin, were exposed to autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus preparations derived from four different sources: polyhedra, hemolymph, cell culture medium, and cultured cells. the virus and cells were incubated together at two different temperatures, 28 or 37 degrees c, for four different lengths of time, 16, 40, 64, or 168 h, and the cells were assayed for the presence of virus by a peroxidase-antiperoxi ...198316346229
mapping of early and late transcripts encoded by the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome: is viral rna spliced?early and late transcripts were mapped on the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome by northern blotting and hybridization with the cloned viral ecori fragments. at least 11 early and about 90 late rnas were compared with over 32 polypeptides synthesized by in vitro translation of hybrid-selected rna. the latter method, of course, had its limitations also and did not guarantee that all viral rnas could be detected in this way. a comparison of cytoplasmic and total cellular rna ...198416789249
time course analysis and mapping of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus transcripts.to study the expression of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) genome, intracellular virus-specific proteins and mrnas were pulsed-labeled, extracted, and analyzed at 6-h intervals during the replicative cycle. most rnas were detected between 12 and 24 h postinfection (p.i.), but many continued to be synthesized until late in infection. polyhedrin and p8 mrnas were the two most abundant late viral rna transcripts, and they were synthesized at high rates until late in th ...198416789250
budded autographa californica npv 64k protein: further biochemical analysis and effects of postimmunoprecipitation sample preparation conditions.previously it was shown that acv1, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus-budded phenotype reacted with a surface antigen present on infected cells during virus budding, and in the viral envelope (l. e. volkman, p. a. goldsmith, r. t. hess, and p. faulkner (1984), virology 133, 354-362). radioimmune precipitation of solubilized, [35s]methionine-labeled budded virus with acv1 and analysis on sds-page revealed four bands consistently: one major ...198418639832
nucleotide sequence of the p10 polypeptide gene of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.a portion of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome lying within the ecori-p region of the physical map has been sequenced. previous studies employing northern blotting and in vitro translation had shown that this region encoded the gene for a "late" 8-10k polypeptide [d. z. rohel, m. a. cochran, and p. faulkner, virology 124, 357-365, (1983); g. e. smith, j. m. vlak, and m. d. summers, j. virol.45, 215-225, (1983)]. the 1313-base pair region contained an open reading frame ...198418639833
strong and regulated expression of escherichia coli beta-galactosidase in insect cells with a baculovirus vector.the n-terminal region of the gene encoding polyhedrin, the major occlusion protein of the insect baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv), has been fused to dna encoding escherichia coli beta-galactosidase. the fused gene was inserted into the acnpv dna genome by cotransfection of insect cells with recombinant plasmid dna and wild-type acnpv genomic dna. recombinant viruses were selected as blue plaques in the presence of a beta-galactosidase indicator, 5-bromo-4-chl ...19846325875
transcription of overlapping sets of rnas from the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus: a novel method for mapping rnas.the insect baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) contains a double-stranded, supercoiled circular genome of 126 to 129 kilobase pairs in length. in cultured spodoptera frugiperda insect cells the virus replications, and early and late phases of viral genome expression are discernible. we previously mapped 5 early and at least 32 late different viral polypeptides on the viral genome (h. esche, h. lübbert, b. siegmann, and w. doerfler, embo j. 1:1629-1633, 1982). ho ...19846090702
phenotypic characterization and physical mapping of a temperature-sensitive mutant of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus defective in dna synthesis.a ts mutant of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv), ts8, was shown to be defective in viral dna synthesis at the nonpermissive temperature. ts8-infected cells synthesized only early viral polypeptides at the nonpermissive temperature, and in contrast to wild-type (wt)-infected cells, showed no inhibition of host cell protein synthesis. the effect of the mutation on viral dna synthesis was not immediately reversed after shifting infected cells down from the nonpermissive te ...19846093362
interaction of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus with two nonpermissive cell lines.the interaction of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus with two nonpermissive cell lines was investigated. the insect cell line, cp 169, and the chinese hamster cell line, cho-k1, were able to adsorb and engulf virus particles, but there was no evidence for viral replication in these cells based on virus growth titrations, electron microscopy, dot hybridization, and synthesis of viral induced proteins.19846376420
cloning and sequencing of the granulin gene from the trichoplusia ni granulosis virus.a restriction fragment containing the granulin gene from the trichoplusia ni granulosis virus was located in a blot of viral genomic dna using a cloned polyhedrin gene as a probe. this fragment was cloned, mapped, subcloned, and the sequence of the coding region and 5' and 3' flanking regions was determined. although granulin is very similar in size to nuclear polyhedrosis virus polyhedrins, the n-terminal region of granulin demonstrated a high degree of variability with the first 60 amino acids ...19854082501
modification and secretion of human interleukin 2 produced in insect cells by a baculovirus expression vector.a cdna coding for human interleukin 2 (il-2) was inserted into the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus adjacent to the polyhedrin promoter. cells infected with recombinant virus produced high levels of mr 15,500 il-2 polypeptide, the majority of which was secreted into the culture medium during infection. the recombinant il-2 was able to stimulate the growth of an il-2-dependent cell line. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the insect-derived il-2 was identical to that ...19853878519
infectivity assays for the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus using spodoptera littoralis cells.tissue culture id50 and plaque assays for the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, using the spodoptera littoralis cell line hpb-sl, were developed. direct comparison using these assay methods showed that these cells were as susceptible to infection as the more commonly used spodoptera frugiperda cell line iplb-sf-21. both infectious tissue culture supernatants or virus isolated directly from polyhedra could be titrated. it was important to use low cell seeding densities in the ass ...19853882730
temporal regulation of baculovirus rna: overlapping early and late transcripts.analysis of the temporal sequence of rna transcription within the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome revealed individual transcription units composed of overlapping early or late rnas, or both. high-resolution s1 nuclease mapping within the 3.0-kilobase hindiii-k fragment located five overlapping rnas (1.07, 1.38, 2.63, 3.16, and 3.50 kilobases) transcribed in the same direction and terminated at a common 3' site. the smallest rnas appeared early but were replaced in time b ...19853886931
the promoter of the late p10 gene in the insect nuclear polyhedrosis virus autographa californica: activation by viral gene products and sensitivity to dna methylation.in lepidopteran insect cells infected with the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv), two major late viral gene products are expressed: the polyhedrin, a 28 000 mol. wt. protein which makes up the mass of the nuclear inclusion bodies, and a 10 000 mol. wt. protein (p10) whose function is unknown. the nucleotide sequences of these strong promoters conform to those of other eukaryotic promoters and are rich in at base pairs. we used the psvo-cat construct containing ...19853891327
the nucleotide sequence of the pieris brassicae granulosis virus granulin gene.two overlapping restriction fragments containing the pieris brassicae granulosis virus (gv) granulin gene were cloned into plasmids. the regions containing the coding region and the 5' and 3' flanking regions were subcloned into m13 and sequenced. the nucleotide sequence data were compared to those for the granulin gene from the trichoplusia ni gv and the polyhedrin gene from the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv). the amino acid sequences derived from these dna sequences ...19853891914
isolation of large and small plaque variants of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. brief report.variants of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus which produce large (1.4 mm) or small (0.5 mm) plaques on spodoptera littoralis cells have been isolated. yields of extracellular virus and polyhedra by the large plaque variant were six-fold higher and 140-fold lower, respectively, than those obtained with the small plaque variant. however the two variants could not be distinguished when spodoptera frugiperda cells were used.19853893392
production of human c-myc protein in insect cells infected with a baculovirus expression vector.a cdna fragment coding for human c-myc was inserted into the genome of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus adjacent to the strong polyhedrin promoter. insect cells infected with the recombinant virus produced significant amounts of c-myc protein, which constituted the major phosphoprotein component in these cells. by immunoprecipitation and immunoblot analysis, two proteins of 61 and 64 kilodaltons were detected with c-myc-specific antisera. the insect-derived prote ...19853915537
the polyhedrin gene of bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus.cloned sali fragments of bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (bmsnpv) dna were screened with the polyhedrin gene of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus as a probe. one positive clone, pbn61, with an insert of 1.65 kb, was obtained. the hindiii, hpaii and alui maps of the insert were constructed. part of its nucleotide sequence has been determined. the 46 amino acid sequence, as determined from the nucleotide sequence, was compared with the reported sequence of bmsnpv polyhedrin. ...19853915597
baculovirus-mediated expression of bacterial genes in dipteran and mammalian cells.a recombinant baculovirus containing the escherichia coli chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene under the control of the rous sarcoma virus long terminal repeat promoter and the e. coli beta-galactosidase gene under the control of the very late baculoviral polyhedrin promoter was used to determine if autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus, a baculovirus of lepidoptera, can enter and express viral dna in dipteran (drosophila sp.) and mammalian (mus sp.) cells that are considered ...19852993646
dna homology relationships between spodoptera littoralis nuclear polyhedrosis virus and other baculoviruses.the dna sequence homology relationships between spodoptera littoralis nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv) and five other lepidopteran npvs were studied by hybridization of 32p-labeled npv dnas to southern blots of restriction-endonuclease-digested npv dna. the s. littoralis npv (slmnpv) shows extensive dna sequence homology through most of the genome with s. frugiperda npv and s. exigua npv. heliothis armigera npv, h. zea npv, and autographa californica npv (acmnpv) share fewer regions of homology ...19852995274
baculovirus (mnpv) genomic variants: characterization of spodoptera exempta mnpv dnas and comparison with other autographa californica mnpv dnas.a nuclear polyhedrosis virus (npv) strain from spodoptera exempta (semnpv-25 baculovirus) is a restriction endonuclease dna map variant similar to autographa californica npv (acmnpv baculovirus). fourteen restriction endonuclease variants were identified and isolated from a semnpv baculovirus stock with 12 of the variants found at low frequency (less than 3%). the dna from each variant was compared to the prototype semnpv-25 for insertions, deletions and new restriction sites. regions of variati ...19852997376
size and map locations of early transcription products on the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome.the size classes and map locations of early transcripts of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus were identified by probing northern blots with cloned viral dna fragments. twelve abundant and 30 minor transcripts were detected by 4 hr postinfection. there was an increase in the abundancy and number of virus-specific transcripts between 6 and 8 hr postinfection, coincident with the onset of dna replication. the change in transcription pattern did not occur in cells infected at the non ...19852997978
mechanism of neutralization of budded autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus by a monoclonal antibody: inhibition of entry by adsorptive endocytosis.autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) is characterized by two different phenotypes, each with a specific role in the life cycle of the virus in nature. they differ widely in infectivity both in vivo and in vitro, and are neutralized by different populations of antibodies. a monoclonal antibody designated acv1 neutralizes one phenotype, bv, by reacting with a major envelope antigen not present on the other phenotype. bv can functionally enter cells by two different pathways an ...198518639849
alternate pathway of entry of budded autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus: fusion at the plasma membrane.recently we reported that the budded phenotype of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (aenpv bv) functionally entered iplb-sf-21 cells by adsorptive endocytosis and that neutralizing monoclonal antibody acv1 acted by preventing acnpv bv from using this entry pathway (l. e. volkman and p. a. goldsmith (1985), virology 143, 185-195). not all infectivity could be neutralized by acv1, however, and in the study reported herein we investigated the nature of the particles responsible for ...198618640581
effect of tunicamycin on the structural proteins and infectivity of budded autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.the budded phenotype of autograha californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv bv) has a 64k glycoprotein in its envelope which is important in the ability of the virus to functionally enter host cells. tunicamycin (tm), an inhibitor of n-linked glycosylation, was used to determine whether the sugar moiety was essential for the normal function of the 64k protein. at 10 mug/ml tm, glycosylation was completely inhibited. infectivity of acnpv bv was reduced to 2% of control while extracellular par ...198618640650
semipermissive replication of a nuclear polyhedrosis virus of autographa californica in a gypsy moth cell line.several gypsy moth cell lines have been previously described as nonpermissive for the multiple-embedded nuclear polyhedrosis virus of autographa californica (acmnpv). in this report, we demonstrate the semipermissive infection of a gypsy moth cell line, iplb-ld-652y, with acmnpv. iplb-ld-652y cells infected with acmnpv produced classic cytopathic effects but failed to yield infectious progeny virus. results of experiments employing dna-dna dot hybridization suggested that acmnpv dna synthesis wa ...198616789253
interspersed homologous dna of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus enhances delayed-early gene expression.the five regions of homologous dna which are interspersed in the genome of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus increased the expression of a delayed-early gene of this virus. although this activity was first observed as a 10-fold trans effect, the homologous region 5 (hr5) enhanced the expression of linked genes 1,000-fold. the hr5 enhancer also exhibited the other characteristics associated with viral enhancer elements, including orientation independence and the ab ...198616789258
complete sequence and enhancer function of the homologous dna regions of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus.the nucleotide sequence of the five regions of homologous dna in the genome of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus dna was determined. the homology of repeated sequences within a region was 65 to 87%, and the consensus sequences for each region were 88% homologous to each other. sequences proximal to the ecori sites were most conserved, while the distal sequences were least conserved. the ecori sites formed the core of a 28-base-pair imperfect inverted repeat. all homologous region ...198616789259
expression of the influenza virus haemagglutinin in insect cells by a baculovirus vector.the insect baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) has played a major role in studies on the molecular biology of insect dna viruses. recently, this system has been effectively adapted as a highly efficient vector in insect cells for the expression of several mammalian genes. a cdna sequence of the influenza (fowl plague) virus haemagglutinin gene has been inserted into the bamhi site of the pac373 polyhedrin vector. spodoptera frugiperda cells were co-transfected w ...19863015601
nucleotide sequence of a portion of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus genome containing the ecori site-rich region (hr5) and an open reading frame just 5' of the p10 gene.the nucleotide sequence of a 1587 bp region lying within the hindiii-q fragment of autographa californica multiple nucleocapsid nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) dna has been determined. it begins in the ecori-s-ecori-x region, continues to the hindiii-p/q boundary and contains an open reading frame that codes for a polypeptide of 240 amino acids (p26). this open reading frame is also included in the 1100 and 1500 base transcripts previously mapped to this region. the sequence reveals that the ...19863023539
bidirectional transcription from a solo long terminal repeat of the retrotransposon ted: symmetrical rna start sites.a single copy of the retrotransposon ted was found integrated within the dna genome of the insect baculovirus, autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus. after excision of the element from the viral genome, a single long terminal repeat (ltr) remained behind. we have examined the effect of this solo ted ltr on the local pattern of viral transcription. most prominent was the transcription of two sets of abundant rnas; both originated within the ltr but extended in opposite directions into ...19863023897
baculovirus transcription in the presence of inhibitors and in nonpermissive drosophila cells.regulation of transcription within four well-defined regions of the dna genome of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) was studied in a permissive lepidopteran cell line. spodoptera frugiperda iplb-sf-21 and a nonpermissive dipteran cell line, drosophila melanogaster dl-1. cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis, was used to identify immediate early transcripts and aphidicolin, an effective inhibitor of dna replication, was used to distinguish early ...19863099497
studies on autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus replication in spodoptera littoralis cells including virus-induced protein synthesis.the replication of the autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus in spodoptera littoralis cells has been investigated. various cytopathic changes were detected by light and electron microscopy and progeny enveloped virus particles, some occluded within polyhedra, were later seen in the nucleus of infected cells. infectious virus was released into the growth medium and increased exponentially from ca. 10 to 24 hours post infection and then slowly increased over the next 4 days. in compari ...19863510608
changes in the nucleoprotein complexes of a baculovirus dna during infection.the nature of the dna-protein complexes assumed by autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv) dna during infection of spodoptera frugiperda cells was investigated by micrococcal nuclease digestion of infected nuclei. both parental viral dna and progeny viral dna assumed a chromatin-like structure early in infection. by late times (24 hr) p.i., the viral dna acquired a unique nucleoprotein structure. in addition to fragments of mononucleosome size (185 bp), two subnucleosomal bands ...19863518228
detection of sequences in autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus dna, that acts as autonomous replicating sequences (ars) in yeast. brief report.at least two regions of autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acmnpv) dna contain nucleotide sequences that allowed the autonomous replication of chimaeric plasmids in saccharomyces cerevisiae. these sequences were located around position 26 and 37 per cent on the physical map of acnpv dna.19863518664
expression of the s-coded genes of lymphocytic choriomeningitis arenavirus using a baculovirus vector.a dna copy of the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (lcmv, we strain)s rna species has been inserted in both orientations into plasmids containing a 7.1 kb dna sequence of the baculovirus autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (acnpv). the inserts were placed behind the polyhedrin gene promoter of acnpv and in the place of the nucleotide sequences including and flanking the polyhedrin gene translation initiation codon. the derived plasmids were used to obtain recombinant acnpv viruse ...19863525745
Refresh
firstprev
12345678910...
nextlast
Displaying items 1 - 100 of 1224