Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| some clinical aspects of aesculus hippocastanum. | 1946 | 20985762 | |
| a study of aesculus hippocastanum. | 1947 | 20253469 | |
| [chemical composition of seminal tegument and pericarp of the horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.)]. | 1951 | 14838430 | |
| [medical use of horse chestnut aesculus hippocastanum]. | 1954 | 13145311 | |
| [detection of constituents in aesculus hippocastanum]. | 1954 | 13159706 | |
| [aminopurine from aesculus hippocastanum l]. | 1955 | 13276249 | |
| [aminopurine from aesculus hippocastanum l]. | 1956 | 13373655 | |
| [marron on india (aesculus hippocastanum)]. | 1957 | 13459008 | |
| [clinical effect and mechanism of action of a new prosapogenin-compound from aesculus hippocastanum]. | 1959 | 13843854 | |
| [effect of aesculus hippocastanum extract containing aminopurine on serum lipids]. | 1959 | 13676516 | |
| [experiences with aesculus hippocastanum extract in gynecology and obstetrics]. | 1959 | 13673961 | |
| [flavone glycosides in blooms & leaves. 1. flavone glycoside of aesculus hippocastanum]. | 1959 | 13650603 | |
| [a contribution to the paper chromatography of the ingredients of the horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.)]. | 1959 | 13828026 | |
| [the active therapeutic principle of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum). part 4. on the toxicology of the active principle]. | 1960 | 13840162 | |
| [the active therapeutic principle of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum). part 1. classification of the active substance]. | 1960 | 14418281 | |
| [the active therapeutic principle of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum). part 2. on the chemistry of the active substance]. | 1960 | 14430906 | |
| [experiences with intrapleural administration of aesculus hippocastanum extracts]. | 1960 | 14446531 | |
| [does aesculus hippocastanum extract control thrombophlebitis?]. | 1960 | 14441837 | |
| [the therapeutic effects of aesculus hippocastanum extract]. | 1960 | 13833709 | |
| [on angiographically demonstrable effect of aesculus hippocastanum extract]. | 1961 | 13926467 | |
| [the effect of aesculus hippocastanum on quantitative brain circulation and brain metabolism in cerebral blood circulation disorders]. | 1961 | 13714045 | |
| [phytochemical study of aesculus hippocastanum. ii. isolation of the flavonoids and the saponin of escin from the fruits]. | 1963 | 14140202 | |
| [the effect of extract of aesculus hippocastanum (venostasis) on thrombin and heparin titration in vitro]. | 1963 | 14045443 | |
| [on the treatment of premenstrual disorders with an aesculus hippocastanum extract]. | 1964 | 14337917 | |
| [pharmacologic aspects of aescin, active principle of aesculus hippocastanum]. | 1965 | 14307375 | |
| the stereochemistry of phytol biosynthesis in the leaves of ficus elasticus and aesculus hippocastanum. | 1966 | 16742405 | |
| [anti-inflammatory effects of the extract of aesculus hippocastanum l. (horse chesnut) seed]. | 1967 | 5241694 | |
| the characterization and properties of castaprenol-11, -12 and -13 from the leaves of aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut). | the isolation and purification of a mixture of cis-trans-polyprenols from the leaves of aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut) are described. results of studies involving mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, micro-hydrogenation and ozonolytic degradation show the mixture to be made up of undecaprenol, dodecaprenol and tridecaprenol with dodecaprenol predominating. each of the prenols contains three trans internal isoprene residues and a cis ;oh-terminal' isopren ... | 1967 | 6067665 |
| the subcellular distribution and biosynthesis of castaprenols and plastoquinone in the leaves of aesculus hippocastanum. | intact chloroplasts and cell walls were prepared from horse-chestnut leaves that had previously metabolized [2-(14)c]mevalonate. the bulk of the castaprenols and plastoquinone-9 was found within the chloroplasts. the remaining portion of the castaprenols was associated with the cell-wall preparation whereas that of the plastoquinone-9 was probably localized in the soluble fraction of the plant cell. the (14)c content of these compounds of different cell fractions indicated the presence of polyis ... | 1967 | 6068175 |
| [saponin distribution in aesculus hippocastanum during different stages of development. 4. observations of the formation of aescin in young plants after administtation of 2-c 14-mevalonic acid lactone (2-c 14-msl)]. | 1968 | 5693770 | |
| properties and substrate specificity of the leucyl-, the threonyl- and the valyl-transfer-ribonucleic acid synthetases from aesculus species. | 1. leucyl- and threonyl-trna synthetases were partially purified up to 100-fold and 30-fold respectively from cotyledons of aesculus hippocastanum and were largely separated from the other aminoacyl-trna synthetases. valyl-trna synthetase was purified 25-fold from cotyledons of aesculus californica. 2. some properties are reported for the three enzymes when assayed by the [(32)p]pyrophosphate-atp exchange technique. 3. beta-(methylenecyclopropyl)alanine, isoleucine, azaleucine, norleucine and ga ... | 1970 | 5493505 |
| [experimental studies on the action of total extracts of aesculus hippocastanum l.(horse chestnut) on cellular respiration]. | 1973 | 4797839 | |
| the heterogeneity of phloem exudate proteins from different plants: a comparative survey of ten plants using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. | proteins in sieve tube exudate from ricinus communis l., acer pseudoplatanus l., aesculus hippocastanum l., cucumis melo l., and two cultivars each of cucumis sativus l., cucurbita pepo l. and cucurbita maxima duchesne were fractionated and compared using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. striking differences in major exudate proteins were displayed among the genera and species examined. even cultivars within a single species, although showing general similarities, differed in some prominent p ... | 1976 | 24424985 |
| toxicity of seeds of three aesculus spp to chicks and hamsters. | seeds of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum), ohio buckeye (a glabra), and yellow buckeye (a octandra) were tested for toxicity to 2-week-old leghorn chicks and adult female syrian hamsters. the ld50 of the water soluble portion of alcoholic extracts of horse-chestnut seeds (for hamsters and chicks) and of dried, powdered seeds (chicks only) was determined. the ld50 for a single dose of extract from horse-chestnut seeds was 10.6 mg/g of body weight for chicks and 10.7 mg/g of body weight for ... | 1984 | 6538769 |
| a case of venoplant-induced hepatic injury. | the first case of hepatic injury induced by venoplant, extracts of aesculus hippocastanum, having antiinflammatory activities, was described. a 37 yr-old man was admitted for treatment of pathological fracture of the left brachial bone. he had been received 65 mg venoplant at another hospital several hours before admission. 17 days later, a liver function test showed mild abnormality and 60 days after injection, he complained of pruritus and jaundice. laboratory studies revealed moderate elevati ... | 1986 | 3699401 |
| polar lipid composition of chloroplast thylakoids isolated from leaves grown under different lighting conditions. | the polar acyl lipid composition was determined for samples of chloroplast thylakoids isolated from pisum sativum plants grown at light intensities of 50 and 300 μe·m(-2)·s(-1) and from aesculus hippocastanum leaves taken from shade or sun environments. lighting conditions had no major effect on lipid class composition except for a small increase in the amount of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol relative to other lipids in low compared with high light and shade compared with sun conditions. the thyl ... | 1986 | 24443263 |
| steroidal constituents and anti-inflammatory activity of the horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) bark. | the content and the composition of sterols in the bark of the horse chestnut, aesculus hippocastanum l., have been examined. stigmasterol and alpha-spinasterol were, with the beta-sitosterol, the most abundant sterols. the petrol extract from bark shows anti-inflammatory activity. | 1989 | 2751881 |
| radioimmunoassay of aescine, a mixture of triterpene glycosides. | a radioimmunoassay (ria) has been developed for the determination of picogram amounts of aescine, an anti-inflammatory and anti-oedematous glycoside mixture from unpurified extracts of aesculus hippocastanum. practically no interference is observed for various potentially crossreacting compounds. this ria covers the range 100 pg-50 ng, within which acceptable accuracy and precision are obtained. | 1990 | 2332511 |
| aescin content in embryogenic callus and in embryoids from leaf explants of aesculus hippocastanum. | hplc determinations of the aescin contents in calli and embryoids from leaf explants of aesculus hippocastanum l. were carried out in order to determine whether it was possible to obtain aescin-forming proliferations in vitro. the results indicate that embryogenic calli and embryoids derived from them produce an amount of active principle higher than that of horse-chestnut seeds. the data are discussed in terms of the relation between tissue differentiation and secondary metabolites biosynthesis ... | 1991 | 17226120 |
| horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum) pollen: a frequent cause of allergic sensitization in urban children. | we investigated the incidence of allergic sensitization and the risk factors underlying sensitization in 214 urban children exposed to horse chestnut pollen. by means of the phadezym rast, we found ige specific to horse chestnut pollen in 12.6% of the urban children, whereas it occurred in only 1.9% of control subjects recruited from a rural area. reports of allergic symptoms in spring during the horse chestnut pollen load coincided with the presence of specific ige in 5.1% of the urban group as ... | 1992 | 1456408 |
| [isolation of lectin from horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) seeds and study of its interaction with carbohydrates and glycoproteins]. | the lectin from horse chestnut seeds was obtained by affinity chromatography on a sorbent prepared from the egg white, 95 mg of lectin per 1 kg of fresh seeds being obtained. molecular weight was determined by gel-filtration on tojopearl hw-55 and it composed 132 kda. sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of one component with molecular weight of 33 kda. one band has been revealed by means of disc-electrophoresis in acidic (ph 4.5) and alkaline system (ph 8.9). sugar was n ... | 1992 | 1462370 |
| [the pharmacology of escin, a saponin of aesculus hippocastanum l. iii. pharmacokinetics and toxicology]. | 1992 | 1492967 | |
| aescin formation in calli and embryoids from cotyledon and stem explants of aesculus hippocastanum l. | aescin in calli and embryoids obtained from both cotyledon and stem explants of aesculus hippocastanum were investigated by hplc. determinations were carried out on tissues cultured in agarized medium supplemented with growth substances (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; kinetin; 1-naphthaleneacetic acid). the results indicate that aescin was produced in all the analysed samples. the amount of active principle present in some samples was higher than that found in horse-chestnut seeds. | 1994 | 7897601 |
| escins-ia, ib, iia, iib, and iiia, bioactive triterpene oligoglycosides from the seeds of aesculus hippocastanum l.: their inhibitory effects on ethanol absorption and hypoglycemic activity on glucose tolerance test. | five triterpene oligoglycosides named escins-ia, ib, iia, iib, and iiia were isolated from the seeds of aesculus hippocastanum l. and their chemical structures were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. escins-ia, ib, iia, and iib were found to exhibit inhibitory effect on ethanol absorption and hypoglycemic activity on oral glucose tolerance test in rats. among them, escins-iia and iib showed the higher activities for both bioassays, while desacylescins-i and ii had ... | 1994 | 8069982 |
| seasonal variations in the concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc in leaves of the horse chesnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.). | the concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead and zinc have been measured in the leaves of a deciduous tree the horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) over the period of their lifetime (7 months). the average concentrations for the total sample based on ash weight are: (microg g(-1)) cadmium, 0.197; copper, 129; lead, 294; and zinc, 299. the temporal trends in the concentrations of the metals can be related to their dominant source. copper and zinc concentrations are highest in the new leaves ... | 1994 | 15091650 |
| effects of proanthocyanidin on normal and reinnervated rat muscle. | proanthocyanidin-a2, a catechic dimer extracted from the bark of aesculus hippocastanum l., was tested on peripheral nerve regeneration. reinnervation of edl and soleus muscles following traumatic nerve damage was investigated in rats by using "in vivo" tension recording technique. muscle contraction force (twitch and tetanus), the number of motor units and the time course of twitch (time to peak and half relaxation time), were observed. the results obtained do not show that the time course of e ... | 1995 | 8519500 |
| anti-elastase and anti-hyaluronidase activities of saponins and sapogenins from hedera helix, aesculus hippocastanum, and ruscus aculeatus: factors contributing to their efficacy in the treatment of venous insufficiency. | triterpene and steroid saponins and sapogenins of medicinal plants (aesculus hippocastanum l., hedera helix l., ruscus aculeatus l.) are claimed to be effective for the treatment/prevention of venous insufficiency. in this work we evaluated the inhibitory effects of these plant constituents on the activity of elastase and hyaluronidase, the enzyme systems involved in the turnover of the main components of the perivascular amorphous substance. the results evidence that for hedera helix l., the sa ... | 1995 | 8554461 |
| isolation and characterisation of plant defensins from seeds of asteraceae, fabaceae, hippocastanaceae and saxifragaceae. | from seeds of aesculus hippocastanum, clitoria ternatea, dahlia merckii and heuchera sanguinea five antifungal proteins were isolated and shown to be homologous to plant defensins previously characterised from radish seeds and gamma-thionins from poaceae seeds. based on the spectrum of their antimicrobial activity and the morphological distortions they induce on fungi the peptides can be divided into two classes. the peptides did not inhibit any of three different alpha-amylases. | 1995 | 7628617 |
| dispersal and mobility of heavy metals in relation to tree survival in an aerially contaminated woodland soil. | nearly a century of metal deposition adjacent to a metal refinery in prescot, north-west england has led to highly elevated metal levels in soils at a dominantly acer pseudoplatanus woodland, but with incongruously and perplexingly few detrimental effects on trees. dispersal and speciation of cu, cd, zn, pb and ni in soil was found to be extremely variable, but spatial patterns of metals were inter-related and also related to soil ph and soil organic matter. these soil variables were all general ... | 1995 | 15091478 |
| [serious plant poisonings in switzerland 1966-1994. case analysis from the swiss toxicology information center]. | to analyze the types, frequency and severity of plant poisonings in switzerland over 29 years. | 1996 | 8711457 |
| bioactive saponins and glycosides. iii. horse chestnut. (1): the structures, inhibitory effects on ethanol absorption, and hypoglycemic activity of escins ia, ib, iia, iib, and iiia from the seeds of aesculus hippocastanum l. | five bioactive triterpene oligoglycosides named escins, ia, ib, iia, iib, and iiia were isolated from the seeds of horse chestnut tree, aesculus hippocastanum l. (hippocastanaceae). the chemical structures of escins ia, ib, iia, iib, and iiia were determine on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence, which included selective cleavage of the glucuronide linkage using photochemical reaction and lead tetraacetate decarboxylation reaction. escins ia, ib, iia, and iib were found to exhibit ... | 1996 | 8795266 |
| automated multiple development thin layer chromatography of some plant extracts. | the separation of ten plant extracts using automated multiple development thin-layer chromatography (amd -tlc) is described. alcoholic extracts were obtained from cinchona succirubra, aesculus hippocastanum, berberis vulgaris. artemisia abrotanum, carduus marianus, thuja occidentalis, baptisia tinctoria, paulinia cupana, lycopus europaeus and echinacea angustifolia. the separation was performed on silica plates (sil g-50 uv 254 (macherey-nagel), 10 x 20 cm). amd was achieved in 25 steps using me ... | 1996 | 8818037 |
| preliminary studies towards utilization of various plant extracts as antisolar agents. | synopsis the aim of this work was to evaluate several plant extracts with regard to ultraviolet absorption spectra in view of a possible application as antisolar agents. liquid and dry extracts of hamamelis virginiana, matricaria recutita, aesculus hippocastanum, rhamnus purshiana and cinnamomum zeylanicum were prepared by repercolation, maceration and microwave oven extraction. uvb absorption spectra (290-320nm) were obtained and the solar protection factors (spf) of these preparations were det ... | 1996 | 19245460 |
| visualization of the cytoskeleton within the secondary vascular system of hardwood species. | a single fixation technique has been devised to demonstrate localization of alpha-tubulin (for microtubules) and f-actin (for microfilaments) within the secondary vascular system of hardwood trees by indirect immunofluorescence microscopy using butyl-methylmethacrylate-embedded material. application of this technique to problems of cytomorphogenesis during secondary growth and its versatility are demonstrated with the hardwood species aesculus hippocastanum l., salix viminalis l., s. burjatica n ... | 1997 | 9316269 |
| effects of escins ia, ib, iia, and iib from horse chestnut, the seeds of aesculus hippocastanum l., on acute inflammation in animals. | we investigated the effects of escins ia, ib, and iib isolated from horse chestnut, the seeds of aesculus hippocastanum l., and desacylescins i and ii obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of escins on acute inflammation in animals (p.o.). escins ia, ib, iia, and iib (50-200 mg/kg) inhibited the increase of vascular permeability induced by both acetic acid in mice and histamine in rats. escins ib, iia, and iib (50-200 mg/kg) also inhibited that induced by serotonin in rats, but escin ia didn't. escins ... | 1997 | 9353571 |
| horse-chestnut seed extract for chronic venous insufficiency. a criteria-based systematic review. | to assess the evidence for or against horse-chestnut seed extract (hcse) as a symptomatic treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (cvi). | 1998 | 9828868 |
| bioactive saponins and glycosides. xii. horse chestnut. (2): structures of escins iiib, iv, v, and vi and isoescins ia, ib, and v, acylated polyhydroxyoleanene triterpene oligoglycosides, from the seeds of horse chestnut tree (aesculus hippocastanum l., hippocastanaceae). | new acylated polyhydroxyoleanene triterpene oligoglycosides, escins iiib, iv, v, and vi and isoescins ia, ib, and v, were isolated from the seeds of horse chestnut tree (aesculus hippocastanum l.). their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. | 1998 | 9845957 |
| structural analysis of n-glycans from allergenic grass, ragweed and tree pollens: core alpha1,3-linked fucose and xylose present in all pollens examined. | the n-glycans from soluble extracts of ten pollens were examined. the pyridylaminated oligosaccharides derived from these sources were subject to gel filtration and reverse-phase hplc, in conjunction with exoglycosidase digests, and in some cases matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionisation mass spectrometry. in comparison to known structures, it was possible to determine the major structures of the n-glycans derived from kentucky blue grass (poa pratensis), rye (secale cerale), ryegrass (lolium ... | 1998 | 10386890 |
| structure-related enhancing activity of escins ia, ib, iia and iib on magnesium absorption in mice. | we examined the effects of the saponin fraction and its principal saponins, escins ia (1), ib (2), iia (3) and iib (4), obtained from european horse chestnut, and their hydrolyzed products, desacylescins i (5) and ii (6) on magnesium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract in mice. test samples were given orally to fasted mice before loading of 0.5 or 1.67 m mgso4 (10 ml/kg, p.o.). the saponin fraction (12.5-100 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the mg2+ absorption 30, 60, 120 and 240 min after a ... | 1999 | 10498191 |
| the three-dimensional solution structure of aesculus hippocastanum antimicrobial protein 1 determined by 1h nuclear magnetic resonance. | aesculus hippocastanum antimicrobial protein 1 (ah-amp1) is a plant defensin isolated from horse chestnuts. the plant defensins have been divided in several subfamilies according to their amino acid sequence homology. ah-amp1, belonging to subfamily a2, inhibits growth of a broad range of fungi. so far, a three-dimensional structure has been determined only for members of subfamilies a3 and b2. in order to understand activity and specificity of these plant defensins, the structure of a protein b ... | 1999 | 10591099 |
| herbal medications for common ailments in the elderly. | the popularity of herbal medicine is at an all time peak. this article provides an overview of systematic reviews of herbal treatments for conditions common in elderly individuals. according to this evidence, there is little doubt that hypericum perforatum (st john's wort) is well tolerated and effective for mild to moderate depression. although widely used, valeriana officinalis (valerian) has not been shown beyond reasonable doubt to be effective for insomnia. there is relatively compelling ev ... | 1999 | 10641953 |
| [bioactive saponins and glycosides. xiii. horse chestnut. (3): quantitative analysis of escins ia, ib, iia, and iib by means of high performance liquid chromatography]. | as a part of our studies on the characterization of bioactive saponin constituents of horse chestnut trees, a quantitative method using high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) has been developed for four principle saponin constituents, such as escins ia, ib, iia, and iib, isolated from the seeds of european horse chestnut trees (aesculus hippocastanum l., hippocastanaceae). as an application of this hplc method, we examined the contents and compositions of these escins in the seeds of japa ... | 1999 | 9922711 |
| a comparative study of the constituents of aesculus hippocastanum and aesculus indica. | this work compared the phytochemical composition of two species, of aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut) and aesculus indica grown under comparable conditions. thin-layer chromatography zone profiles of the constituents in methanol extracts from leaves, seeds, and husks indicated differences within and between the two species. similar profiles were observed for seeds and leaves from the two species but not for the husks. aesculin and its aglycone, aesculetin, were not detected in leaves, husk ... | 1999 | 19281348 |
| horse chestnut - aesculus hippocastanum: potential applications in cosmetic skin-care products. | in addition to the well reported beneficial effects of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum) extracts on venous insufficiency and associated conditions, such preparations also have many potential positive pharmacological effects on the skin. extracts from this species, and in particular, those based on horse chestnut seeds, contain saponins, known collectively as 'aescin', which have a gentle soapy feel, and are potent anti-inflammatory compounds. saponins, such as escin, also reduce capillary ... | 1999 | 18503457 |
| flavonol oligosaccharides from the seeds of aesculus hippocastanum. | nine flavonol oligosides of quercetin and kaempferol with glucose, xylose, and rhamnose as sugars were isolated from the seeds of aesculus hippocastanum l. (hippocastanaceae). five of them are new compounds (2 trisaccharides, 1 bisdesmoside, a nicotinic and a indolinone hydroxyacetic acid ester of the bisdesmoside). their structures were elucidated mainly using (1)h- and (13)c-nmr techniques. | 1999 | 17260289 |
| a cytoskeletal basis for wood formation in angiosperm trees: the involvement of microfilaments. | the cortical microfilament (mf) component of the cytoskeleton within axial elements of the secondary vascular system of the angiosperm tree, aesculus hippocastanum l. (horse-chestnut) was studied using transmission electron microscopy of ultrathin sections and indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of actin in thick sections. as seen by electron microscopy, mf bundles have a net axial orientation within fusiform cambial cells and their secondary vascular derivatives (i.e. in the axial xylem and ... | 2000 | 10872219 |
| structure-function relationships during secondary phloem development in an angiosperm tree, aesculus hippocastanum: microtubules and cell walls. | we studied the dynamics of the cortical microtubule (cmt) cytoskeleton during differentiation of axial secondary phloem elements in taproots and epicotyls of aesculus hippocastanum l. (horse-chestnut) saplings. indirect immunofluorescence microscopy of alpha-tubulin and transmission electron microscopy revealed that fusiform cambial cells possessed a reticulum of cmts in which individual microtubules were randomly arranged. during differentiation of these cambial cell derivatives into secondary ... | 2000 | 12651498 |
| cavitation fatigue. embolism and refilling cycles can weaken the cavitation resistance of xylem. | although cavitation and refilling cycles could be common in plants, it is unknown whether these cycles weaken the cavitation resistance of xylem. stem or petiole segments were tested for cavitation resistance before and after a controlled cavitation-refilling cycle. cavitation was induced by centrifugation, air drying of shoots, or soil drought. except for droughted plants, material was not significantly water stressed prior to collection. cavitation resistance was determined from "vulnerability ... | 2001 | 11161035 |
| aescin: pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and therapeutic profile. | aescin, the major active principle from aesculus hippocastanum (hippocastanaceae) the horse chestnut tree, has shown satisfactory evidence for a clinically significant activity in chronic venous insufficiency (cvi), haemorrhoids and post-operative oedema. in one controlled trial aescin was shown to be as effective as compression therapy as an alternative to medical treatment for cvi. the therapeutic benefit is well supported by a number of experimental investigations in different animal models, ... | 2001 | 11529685 |
| the cytoskeleton facilitates a three-dimensional symplasmic continuum in the long-lived ray and axial parenchyma cells of angiosperm trees. | the microtubule (mt), microfilament (mf) and myosin components of the cytoskeleton were studied in the long-lived ray and axial parenchyma cells of the secondary xylem (wood) and secondary phloem of two angiosperm trees, aesculus hippocastanum l. (horse-chestnut) and populus tremula l. x p. tremuloides michx. (hybrid aspen), using indirect immunofluorescence localisation and transmission electron microscopy. mts and mfs were bundled and oriented axially (parallel to the cell's long axis) within ... | 2001 | 11678287 |
| interactions among water content, rapid (nonequilibrium) cooling to -196 degrees c, and survival of embryonic axes of aesculus hippocastanum l. seeds. | this study investigated the interactions among water content, rapid (nonequilibrium) cooling to -196 degrees c using isopentane or subcooled nitrogen, and survival of embryonic axes of aesculus hippocastanum. average cooling rates in either cryogen did not exceed 60 degrees c s(-1) for axes containing more than 1.0 g h(2)o g(-1)dw (g g(-1)). partial dehydration below 0.5 g gg(-1) facilitated faster cooling, averaging about 200 and 580 degrees c s(-1) in subcooled nitrogen and isopentane, respect ... | 2001 | 11578119 |
| hemorrhoids and varicose veins: a review of treatment options. | hemorrhoids and varicose veins are common conditions seen by general practitioners. both conditions have several treatment modalities for the physician to choose from. varicose veins are treated with mechanical compression stockings. there are several over-the-counter topical agents available for hemorrhoids. conservative therapies for both conditions include diet, lifestyle changes, and hydrotherapy which require a high degree of patient compliance to be effective. when conservative hemorrhoid ... | 2001 | 11302778 |
| quantification of procyanidins in oral herbal medicinal products containing extracts of crataegus species. | according to the european pharmacopeia a photometric assay is used for the estimation of procyanidins in crataegi fructus. this assay is also most commonly used for procyanidin analysis in herbal medicinal products (hmps) containing extracts of hawthorn (crataegus species). in order to find an appropriate method for the determination of oligomeric and polymeric procyanidins by analysing various preparations containing extracts of crataegus, the ph. eur.-method was compared to an hplc-method with ... | 2002 | 11878204 |
| differences in salt sensitivity of four deciduous tree species to soil or airborne salt. | seedlings of four deciduous tree species maple (acer pseudoplatanus), beech (fagus sylvatica), horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum) and lime (tilia cordata) were exposed to de-icing salt (nacl) either through the soil or applied to the above ground plant parts. a soil solution of 1.65 g l-1 nacl was maintained from the start of the experiment in january 1999 until termination in june 1999. the main effects caused by salt treatment through the soil were a reduction in photosynthesis of up to 5 ... | 2002 | 11903969 |
| myosin, microtubules, and microfilaments: co-operation between cytoskeletal components during cambial cell division and secondary vascular differentiation in trees. | the immunolocalisation of unconventional myosin viii ('myosin') in the cells of the secondary vascular tissues of angiosperm (populus tremula l. x p. tremuloides michx. and aesculus hippocastanum l.) and gymnosperm (pinus pinea l.) trees is described for the first time and related to other cytoskeletal elements, as well as to callose. both myosin and callose are located at the cell plate in dividing cambial cells, whereas actin microfilaments are found alongside the cell plate; actin and tubulin ... | 2002 | 11925036 |
| water and oxygen permeance of phellems isolated from trees: the role of waxes and lenticels. | the outermost phellems of abies alba mill., acer pseudoplatanus l., aesculus hippocastanum l., betula potaninii l.c. hue and sambucus nigra l. have been isolated enzymatically, resulting in membranes with five to seven heavily suberized cork cell layers. water and oxygen permeances were determined for the phellem areas without lenticels. a special diaphragm made it possible to quantify permeances of single lenticels for the first time. the water permeance of phellems was in the range of 3x10(-5) ... | 2002 | 12244445 |
| physiology-based phenology models for forest tree species in germany. | models of phenology are needed for the projection of effects of a changing climate on, for example, forest production, species competition, vegetation-atmosphere feedback and public health. a new phenology model for deciduous tree bud burst is developed and parameters are determined for a wide geographical range (germany) and several forest tree species. the new model is based on considerations of simple interactions between inhibitory and promotory agents that are assumed to control the develop ... | 2003 | 12698325 |
| agrobacterium rhizogenes-mediated dna transfer to aesculus hippocastanum l. and the regeneration of transformed plants. | hairy roots were induced from androgenic embryos of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) by infection with agrobacterium rhizogenes strain a4gus. single roots were selected according to their morphology in the absence of antibiotic or herbicide resistance markers. seventy-one putative transformed hairy root lines from independent transformation events were established. regeneration was induced in ms liquid medium supplemented with 30 microm 6-benzylaminopurine (ba), and the regenerants wer ... | 2004 | 14745503 |
| cadmium, mercury and lead in medicinal herbs in brazil. | samples of herbal medicine used in brazil were analyzed, after nitric digestion, for the content of cadmium, mercury and lead, by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. fifteen samples of ginkgo biloba (ginkgo biloba), 13 of celastraceae (maytenus ilicifolia), 14 of cascara buckthorn (rhamnus purshiana), 13 of eggplant (solanum melongena), 15 of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum), 13 of brazilian ginseng (pffafia glomerata), 17 of centella asiatic (hydrocotyle asiatica), 13 of guarana (paulli ... | 2004 | 15019183 |
| an open study to assess the safety and efficacy of aesculus hippocastanum tablets (aesculaforce 50mg) in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. | an open study was carried out to assess, primarily, the safety and tolerability of aesculus hippocastanum in the treatment of cvi. patients underwent 8 consecutive weeks of treatment and were asked to take one 50 mg aesculus hippocastanum tablet, twice daily. in total, 91 adverse events were reported, of which only 4 were rated as probably related to the study drug. patients judged the tolerability of the study medication in the majority of the cases at visits 2 and 3 (90 and 95%, respectively) ... | 2004 | 15364642 |
| [pharmacology of escin, a saponin of aesculus hippocastanum l. ii. pharmacodynamics of escin. chapter ii]. | 2005 | 1476699 | |
| hydrophilic solutes in modified carbon dioxide extraction-prediction of the extractability using molecular dynamic simulation. | super- and subcritical carbon dioxide (co2) extractions of crude drugs were simulated by molecular modelling to predict the extractability of different hydrophilic plant constituents under various extraction conditions. the co2 extraction fluids were simulated either with pure co2 or with solvent modified co2 at different pressures and temperatures. molecular modelling resulted in three different solubility parameters: the total solubility parameter delta and the partial solubility parameters de ... | 2005 | 15911229 |
| characterization of trace metal particles deposited on some deciduous tree leaves in an urban area. | in 1996 and 1997 horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) and turkish hazel (corulys colurna l.) leaves were sampled at 2 m height in the belgrade botanic garden, located in an urban area with heavy traffic. using a scanning electron microscope with an energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (sem-edax), the size, size distribution, morphology and chemical composition of individual particles were examined on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of leaf discs of both species. the majority of particles ... | 2005 | 15893796 |
| cryopreservation of embryogenic callus of aesculus hippocastanum l. by vitrification or one-step freezing. | an effective procedure for the cryopreservation of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) embryogenic callus by vitrification/one-step freezing is described here. in particular, the study focused on the possibility of recovering the full proliferation potential of the embryogenic lines after storage in liquid nitrogen. the developmental stage of the embryogenic lines was shown to play an important role. ninety-min incubation in pvs2 and preservation at -196 degrees c of callus samples, conta ... | 2005 | 16082444 |
| densitometric thin-layer chromatographic determination of aescin in a herbal medicinal product containing aesculus and vitis dry extracts. | a thin-layer chromatographic (tlc) method is developed to analyze the total saponin content, also referred to as the aescin content, in a herbal medicinal product (hmp) containing two dry extracts in capsules. the capsules contain 250 mg of aesculus hippocastanum dry extract, 120 mg of vitis vinifera dry extract and 50mg of excipients. after a purification step using c(18) solid phase extraction (spe) cartridges, the samples are analyzed on a silica-gel hptlc plate with the upper layer of a mixt ... | 2006 | 16364347 |
| plant development scores from fixed-date photographs: the influence of weather variables and recorder experience. | in 1944, john willis produced a summary of his meticulous record keeping of weather and plants over the 30 years 1913-1942. this publication contains fixed-date, fixed-subject photography taken on the 1st of each month from january to may, using as subjects snowdrop galanthus nivalis, daffodil narcissus pseudo-narcissus, horse chestnut aesculus hippocastanum and beech fagus sylvatica. we asked 38 colleagues to assess rapidly the plant development in each of these photographs according to a suppl ... | 2006 | 16402207 |
| residues of diflubenzuron on horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum) leaves and their efficacy against the horse chestnut leafminer, cameraria ohridella. | residues of the insect growth regulator diflubenzuron were quantified on horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) leaves treated with a diflubenzuron 480 g litre(-1) sc, dimilin. to analyse the samples, an analytical procedure was developed involving a simple extraction step followed by high-performance liquid chromatography on an octadecyl-modified silica column with methanol + 0.01 m ammonium acetate mobile phase. the results showed diflubenzuron to be highly stable on horse chestnut leaves; ... | 2006 | 16475222 |
| treatment of patients with venous insufficiency with fresh plant horse chestnut seed extract: a review of 5 clinical studies. | extracts from the seed of the horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) have traditionally been used to treat patients with chronic venous insufficiency and to alleviate its associated symptoms, including lower leg swelling. the efficacy of preparations that contain horse chestnut seed extract (hcse) is believed to be due largely to an inhibitory effect on the catalytic breakdown of capillary wall proteoglycans. aesculaforce is a fresh plant hcse that is available as an oral tincture, as tablet ... | 2006 | 16644618 |
| optical properties of bud scales and protochlorophyll(ide) forms in leaf primordia of closed and opened buds. | the transmission spectra of bud scales of 14 woody species and the 77 k fluorescence emission spectra of the innermost leaf primordia of closed and opened buds of 37 woody species were studied. pigment concentrations were determined in some species. bud scales had low transmittance between 400 and 680 nm with a local minimum around 680 nm. transmittance increased steeply above 680 nm and was > 80% in the 700-800 nm spectral region. significant protochlorophyllide (pchlide) accumulation was obser ... | 2006 | 16651257 |
| transient etiolation: protochlorophyll(ide) and chlorophyll forms in differentiating plastids of closed and breaking leaf buds of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum). | an accompanying paper reports the accumulation of photoactive protochlorophyllide (pchlide) in the innermost leaf primordia of buds of many tree species. in this paper, we describe plastid differentiation, changes in pigment concentrations and spectral properties of bud scales and leaf primordia of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum l.) from january until the end of bud break in april. the bud scales contained plastids with grana, stroma thylakoids characteristic of chloroplasts and large de ... | 2006 | 16651258 |
| horse chestnut extract induces contraction force generation in fibroblasts through activation of rho/rho kinase. | contraction forces generated by non-muscle cells such as fibroblasts play important roles in determining cell morphology, vasoconstriction, and/or wound healing. however, few factors that induce cell contraction forces are known, such as lysophosphatidic acid and thrombin. our study analyzed various plant extracts for ingredients that induce generation of cell contraction forces in fibroblasts populating collagen gels. we found that an extract of horse chestnut (aesculus hippocastanum) is able t ... | 2006 | 16754996 |
| beta-escin inhibits colonic aberrant crypt foci formation in rats and regulates the cell cycle growth by inducing p21(waf1/cip1) in colon cancer cells. | extracts of aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut) seed have been used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency, edema, and hemorrhoids. most of the beneficial effects of horse chestnut are attributed to its principal component beta-escin or aescin. recent studies suggest that beta-escin may possess anti-inflammatory, anti-hyaluronidase, and anti-histamine properties. we have evaluated the chemopreventive efficacy of dietary beta-escin on azoxymethane-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci ... | 2006 | 16818504 |
| volatile emissions from aesculus hippocastanum induced by mining of larval stages of cameraria ohridella influence oviposition by conspecific females. | larval stages of the horse chestnut leafminer cameraria ohridella can completely destroy the surface of horse chestnut leaves, aesculus hippocastanum. this study investigated the effect of the degree of leaf browning caused by the insect's larvae on olfactory detection, aggregation, and oviposition of c. ohridella adults. the influence of a. hippocastanum flower scent on oviposition of the first generation was also evaluated. utilizing gas chromatography coupled with parallel detection by mass s ... | 2006 | 17001531 |
| a horse chestnut extract, which induces contraction forces in fibroblasts, is a potent anti-aging ingredient. | contraction forces generated by non-muscle cells, such as fibroblasts, play important roles in determining cell morphology, vasoconstriction, and/or wound healing. we have searched among various plant extracts for ingredients that generate cell contraction forces using fibroblast-populated collagen gels. using that model, we found that an extract of horse chestnuts (aesculus hippocastanum) is able to generate such contraction forces in fibroblasts. the involvement of stress fiber formation in th ... | 2006 | 17111071 |
| using horsechestnut seed extract in the treatment of venous leg ulcers: a cost-benefit analysis. | venous leg ulcers affect approximately 0.6% of the western population, consuming millions of healthcare dollars every year. to determine whether an alternative venous ulcer treatment using horsechestnut seed extract-- aesculus hippocastanum-- and conventional therapy involving dressings and compression was more cost-effective than using conventional therapy alone, a 12-week cost-benefit analysis of horsechestnut seed extract therapy was conducted. the study, using data from a 12-week prospective ... | 2006 | 16636364 |
| triterpenoid saponins from the fruits of aesculus pavia. | the compounds, named aesculiosides ia-ie, iia-iid, and iva-ivc, were isolated from an ethanol extract of the fruits of north american aesculus pavia, along with two known compounds. their structures were characterized as polyhydroxyoleanene pentacyclic triterpenoid saponins by spectroscopic and chemical analyses. these saponins were divided into three elution zones by chromatography according to the polarity because of the acyl substitution at c-21 and c-22 of the aglycone saponins moiety. these ... | 2006 | 16497343 |
| [therapeutic properties of aesculus hippocastanum]. | 2006 | 13241573 | |
| [effect of aesculus hippocastanum on the body]. | 2007 | 14011910 | |
| antitumor agents, 82. cytotoxic sapogenols from aesculus hippocastanum. | two cytotoxic sapogenols, the new hippocaesculin (1) and the known barringtogenol-c 21-angelate (2), were isolated from the acid hydrolysis product of a crude saponin fraction that was obtained from the fruits of aesculus hippocastanum. the structures of 1 and 2 were determined from their chemical transformations and spectral data. compound 1 is either 21-o-angeloyl, 22-o-tigloyl r1-barrigenol, or 21-o-tigloyl, 22-o-angeloyl r1-barrigenol. | 2007 | 3783160 |
| endothelium protectant and contractile effects of the antivaricose principle escin in rat aorta. | the triterpene saponin escin is the active component of the extract of seeds of aesculus hippocastanum used in the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. escin is also used experimentally to increase membrane permeability in isolated cells. since endothelial dysfunction is postulated to be involved in venous insufficiency, the possible endothelium-protectant effect of escin was explored in rat aortic rings, a model widely used to study such effects with cardiovascular agents. escin enhanced ... | 2007 | 17512261 |