Publications

nonpolio causes of polio-like paralytic syndromes.	in a study of patients with suspected poliomyelitis, but from whom poliovirus was not isolated, a variety of causes of the paralysis was found. injury of the spinal column sometimes followed by periostitis or osteomyelitis was relatively common. exotic causes included paralysis due to snake bite, spider bite, scorpion sting, and tick bite and schistosomiasis involving the spinal cord. chemical poisons, such as arsenic, triorthocresyl phosphate, and organophosphorus insecticides, were responsible ...	1984	6740077
paralytic poliomyelitis and nonpolio enteroviruses: studies in scotland.	poliomyelitis has been well controlled in scotland by vaccination. occasional cases of paralysis still occur in association with enteroviruses, especially coxsackieviruses. most cases were attributable to coxsackievirus a7, which was identified in 77 cases, 12 of them paralytic (one fatal), from 1956 to 1973 (including outbreaks in 1959 and 1963) but not since then. serologic findings suggesting poliovirus infection have been obtained in several paralytic illnesses at a late stage, months after ...	1984	6740078
seroepidemiological evidence of widespread enteroviral infection in anambra state, nigeria.	serum samples from 339 apparently healthy subjects, 298 adult blood donors and 41 infants aged 21 months and below, were screened for neutralising activity against poliovirus 1 and coxsackieviruses a7 and b4. among the adult serum samples 85% showed high activity (greater than or equal to 320) against poliovirus 1 while frequencies of similar activities were 65% and 64% for coxsackieviruses a7 and b4 respectively. about 60% showed multiple activity against all three viruses; 15% against both cox ...	1990	1966236
peptide antisera targeted to a conserved sequence in poliovirus capsid vp1 cross-react widely with members of the genus enterovirus.	rabbits were immunized with synthetic peptides derived from an immunodominant region of the vp1 capsid protein of enteroviruses. this region shows a high degree of homology among all sequenced members of the genus. peptide-induced antisera were used for immunoperoxidase staining of cell cultures infected with 41 different serotypes of enterovirus. specific cytoplasmic staining was readily seen in all but two cases. echovirus type 22 was previously known to differ genetically from the rest of the ...	1993	8388885
comparison of glass wool and glass powder methods for concentration of viruses from treated waste waters.	enumeration of cultivable virus particle in sewage requires the samples to be concentrated. two adsorption-elution methods, the glass wool cartridge method and the glass powder fluid layer method were compared. firstly, it was demonstrated that virus could be readily recovered from the head, first 25 ml, of eluate of glass wool rather than from a reconcentration of the entire eluate, either by organic flocculation: 83% of positivity vs 44% respectively or double precipitation by peg: 85% of posi ...	1993	8476496
coxsackievirus infection and the development of polymyositis/dermatomyositis.	recently, it has been suggested that coxsackievirus plays an etiologic role in juvenile dermatomyositis (dm). neutralizing antibodies to 12 coxsackievirus antigens were measured in the sera of four clinical subsets of patients with adult polymyositis (pm)/dm. elevated antibody titers to coxsackievirus a7, b3, and b4 were detected in patients with adult pm, adult dm, and adult pm/dm with malignancy, respectively. the development of these three subsets of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies may be ...	1994	7824834
virus detection and identification using random multiplex (rt)-pcr with 3'-locked random primers.	pcr-based detection and identification of viruses assumes a known, relatively stable genome. unfortunately, high mutation rates may lead to extensive changes in viral nucleic acid sequences making dedicated pcr primer use problematic. furthermore, in bioterrorism, viral consensus sequences can be genetically modified as a countermeasure to rt-pcr and dna chip detection. accordingly, there is a great need for the development of rapid and universal virus detection and identification technologies.	2007	17598900
antiviral activity of proanthocyanidin against feline calicivirus used as a surrogate for noroviruses, and coxsackievirus used as a representative enteric virus.	proanthocyanidin, which consists of (+) catechin, (-) epicatechin and their gallates (15%), (-) epicatechin gallate-dimers, -trimers, and -tetramers (80%), and (-) epicatechin gallate-pentamers, -hexamers, and -heptamers (5%), was evaluated for its antiviral activity against feline calicivirus f9 strain (fcv/f9), which is thought to be a surrogate for noroviruses, and coxsackievirus a7 strain (cox.a7), which was selected as a representative enteric virus. to achieve a viral inactivation rate of ...	2009	19785283
human scarb2-dependent infection by coxsackievirus a7, a14, and a16 and enterovirus 71.	human enterovirus species a (hev-a) consists of at least 16 members of different serotypes that are known to be the causative agents of hand, foot, and mouth disease (hfmd), herpangina, and other diseases, such as respiratory disease and polio-like flaccid paralysis. enterovirus 71 (ev71) and coxsackievirus a16 (cva16) are the major causative agents of hfmd. cva5, cva6, cva10, and cva12 mainly cause herpangina or are occasionally involved with sporadic cases of hfmd. we have previously shown tha ...	2012	22438546
structural analysis of coxsackievirus a7 reveals conformational changes associated with uncoating.	coxsackievirus a7 (cav7) is a rarely detected and poorly characterized serotype of the enterovirus species human enterovirus a (hev-a) within the picornaviridae family. the cav7-ussr strain has caused polio-like epidemics and was originally thought to represent the fourth poliovirus type, but later evidence linked this strain to the cav7-parker prototype. another isolate, cav7-275/58, was also serologically similar to parker but was noninfectious in a mouse model. sequencing of the genomic regio ...	2012	22514349
virucidal activity of alcohol-based hand rub disinfectants.	we investigated the virucidal activity of commercially available alcohol-based hand rub products against coxsackievirus a7, b5, feline calicivirus f9, and human adenovirus type 3, type 7, type 8 using susceptible cell lines, vero cells, crfk cells, and a549 cells. fifteen tested hand rub products were ethanol (etoh) for disinfection (japanese pharmacopoeia grade), two etoh-based products, one povidone iode-containing product, one alkyldiaminoethylglycine hydrochloride-containing product, six ben ...	2012	22451431
evaluation of methods using celite to concentrate norovirus, adenovirus and enterovirus from wastewater.	enteroviruses, noroviruses and adenoviruses are among the most common viruses infecting humans worldwide. these viruses are shed in the feces of infected individuals and can accumulate in wastewater, making wastewater a source of a potentially diverse group of enteric viruses. in this study, two procedures were evaluated to concentrate noroviruses, adenoviruses and enteroviruses from primary effluent of wastewater. in the first procedure, indigenous enteroviruses, noroviruses and adenoviruses we ...	2013	23727118
complete genome sequences of three strains of coxsackievirus a7.	genomes of three strains (parker, ussr, and 275/58) of coxsackievirus a7 (cv-a7) were amplified by the long reverse transcription (rt)-pcr method and sequenced. while the sequences of parker and ussr were identical, the similarities of 275/58 to the cv-a7 reference sequence, accession no. ay421765, were 82.6% and 96.2% for nucleotides and amino acids, respectively.	2013	23580710
structural and functional analysis of coxsackievirus a9 integrin αvβ6 binding and uncoating.	coxsackievirus a9 (cva9) is an important pathogen of the picornaviridae family. it utilizes cellular receptors from the integrin αv family for binding to its host cells prior to entry and genome release. among the integrins tested, it has the highest affinity for αvβ6, which recognizes the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (rgd) loop present on the c terminus of viral capsid protein, vp1. as the atomic model of cva9 lacks the rgd loop, we used surface plasmon resonance, electron cryo-microscopy, an ...	2013	23365426
combined approaches to flexible fitting and assessment in virus capsids undergoing conformational change.	fitting of atomic components into electron cryo-microscopy (cryoem) density maps is routinely used to understand the structure and function of macromolecular machines. many fitting methods have been developed, but a standard protocol for successful fitting and assessment of fitted models has yet to be agreed upon among the experts in the field. here, we created and tested a protocol that highlights important issues related to homology modelling, density map segmentation, rigid and flexible fitti ...	2014	24333899