Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| lead levels in vegetables from artisanal mining sites of dilimi river, bukuru and barkin ladi north central nigeria: cancer and non-cancer risk assessment | lead (pb) contamination of foods and especially of frequently consumed vegetables is a growing public health concern worldwide. although levels of exposure in developed countries have declined over the past decades, the same cannot be said of developing countries. health risk assessment has increasingly been employed to determine the potential hazard of heavy metal exposure to humans. in this study vegetable samples (tomatoes, red pepper, brown beans, lettuce, cabbage, irish potatoes, onions, gr ... | 0 | 28440966 |
| biochar potential in intensive cultivation of capsicum anuum l. (sweet pepper): crop yield and plant protection. | the influence of various biochars on crop yield and disease resistance of capsicum anuum l. (sweet pepper) under modern, high-input, intensive net house cultivation was tested over the course of 2011 to 2014 in the arava desert region of israel. a pot experiment with lactuca sativa l. (lettuce) grown in the absence of fertilizer employed the 3-year old field trial soils to determine if biochar treatments contributed to soil intrinsic fertility. | 0 | 28612389 |
| aflatoxin contamination in foods and foodstuffs in tokyo: 1986-1990. | aflatoxins were determined in 3054 samples of foods or foodstuffs, including cereals, nuts, beans, spices, dairy products, dry fruits, and edible oil. samples were collected in tokyo from 1986 to 1990. aflatoxins were found in rice products, adlay, corn, crude sugar, peanut products, pistachio nuts, brazil nuts, sesame products, butter beans, white pepper, red pepper, paprika, nutmeg, and mixed spices. the highest incidence of aflatoxin contamination was observed in nutmeg (80%), and the highest ... | 0 | 8448440 |
| absorption, metabolism, and functions of β-cryptoxanthin. | β-cryptoxanthin, a carotenoid found in fruits and vegetables such as tangerines, red peppers, and pumpkin, has several functions important for human health. most evidence from observational, in vitro, animal model, and human studies suggests that β-cryptoxanthin has relatively high bioavailability from its common food sources, to the extent that some β-cryptoxanthin-rich foods might be equivalent to β-carotene-rich foods as sources of retinol. β-cryptoxanthin is an antioxidant in vitro and appea ... | 0 | 26747887 |
| multi-residue pesticide analysis (gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry detection)-improvement of the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe method for dried fruits and fat-rich cereals-benefit and limit of a standardized apple purée calibration (screening). | some steps of the quechers method for the analysis of pesticides with gc-ms/ms in cereals and dried fruits were improved or simplified. for the latter, a mixing vessel with stator-rotor-system proved to be advantageous. the extraction procedure of dried fruits is much easier and safer than the ultra turrax and results in excellent validation data at a concentration level of 0.01mg/kg (116 of 118 analytes with recoveries in the range of 70-120%, 117 of 118 analytes with rsd <20%). after qualifyin ... | 0 | 26044382 |
| new findings on green sweet pepper (capsicum annum) pectins: rhamnogalacturonan and type i and ii arabinogalactans. | polysaccharides were extracted from sweet pepper (capsicum annum) with hot water and named anw (9% yield). starch was precipitated by freeze-thaw treatment, while pectic polysaccharides (8% yield) remained soluble and consisted of gala (67.0%), rha (1.6%), ara (6.4%), xyl (0.3%), gal (6.7%) and glc (4.4%). a highly methoxylated homogalacturonan (hg, degree of methylesterification of 85% and degree of acetylation of 5%), and type i and type ii arabinogalactans (ag-i and ag-ii) were observed in nm ... | 0 | 28578966 |
| evaluation of the extent of initial maillard reaction during cooking some vegetables by direct measurement of the amadori compounds. | during vegetable cooking, one of the most notable and common chemical reaction is the maillard reaction as a result of thermal treatment and dehydration. amadori compound determination provides a very sensitive indicator for early detection of quality changes caused by the maillard reaction as well as to retrospectively assess the heat treatment or storage conditions at which the product has been subjected. in this paper, a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography(hilic)-esi-ms/ms method wa ... | 0 | 28573682 |
| inheritance of bacterial spot resistance in capsicum annuum var. annuum. | since 2008, brazil is the largest consumer of agrochemicals, which increases production costs and risks of agricultural products, environment, and farmers' contamination. sweet pepper, which is one of the main consumed vegetables in the country, is on top of the list of the most sprayed crops. the bacterial spot, caused by xanthomonas spp, is one of the most damaging diseases of pepper crops. genetic resistant consists of a suitable way of disease control, but development of durable resistant cu ... | 0 | 28437556 |
| effects of dietary supplementation of red pepper (schinus terebinthifolius raddi) essential oil on performance, small intestinal morphology and microbial counts of weanling pigs. | many strategies have been developed to improve intestinal health and performance of newly weaned piglets as the antibiotic growth promoters. natural products such as essential oils have been scientifically recognized as growth enhancer feed additives for weanling pigs, replacing the antibiotics. therefore, it has been hypothesized that brazilian red pepper could replace performance-enhancing antibiotics also in weanling pig diets. however, one experiment was conducted to determine the effects of ... | 0 | 28631826 |
| evaluation of polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of fruits and vegetables using a modified enzymatic extraction. | fruits and vegetables are considered a good source of polyphenols and antioxidant capacities which are beneficial in protecting the human body against damage induced by reactive species. the objective of this work is to conduct an assessment of the polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of different fruit (kiwi, pear, green apple, raspberry, blackberry, strawberry and blueberry) and vegetable (pumpkin, green and red pepper) extracts using both chemical extraction and a modified in vitro d ... | 0 | 28115904 |
| carbon footprint and energy use of food waste management options for fresh fruit and vegetables from supermarkets. | food waste is a problem with economic, environmental and social implications, making it both important and complex. previous studies have addressed food waste management options at the less prioritised end of the waste hierarchy, but information on more prioritised levels is also needed when selecting the best available waste management options. investigating the global warming potential and primary energy use of different waste management options offers a limited perspective, but is still impor ... | 0 | 28089203 |
| deepfruits: a fruit detection system using deep neural networks. | this paper presents a novel approach to fruit detection using deep convolutional neural networks. the aim is to build an accurate, fast and reliable fruit detection system, which is a vital element of an autonomous agricultural robotic platform; it is a key element for fruit yield estimation and automated harvesting. recent work in deep neural networks has led to the development of a state-of-the-art object detector termed faster region-based cnn (faster r-cnn). we adapt this model, through tran ... | 0 | 27527168 |
| determinants of urinary concentrations of dialkyl phosphates among pregnant women in canada - results from the mirec study. | organophosphate (op) insecticides are commonly used in agriculture. their use decreased in recent years as they were gradually replaced by other pesticides, but some ops are still among the insecticides most used in canada. exposure to elevated levels of ops during pregnancy has been associated with adverse birth outcomes and poorer neurodevelopment in children. the objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between the concentrations of op pesticides urinary dialkyl phosphat ... | 0 | 27243443 |
| [inhibition of linseed oil autooxidation by essential oils and extracts from spice plants]. | clove bud essential oil, extracts from ginger, pimento and black pepper, or ascorbyl palmytate were studied as natural antioxidants for the inhibition of autooxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids in linseed oil. different methods were used to estimate antioxidant efficiency. these methods are based on the following parameters: peroxide values; peroxide concentration; content of degradation products of unsaturated fatty acid peroxides, which acted with thiobarbituric acid; diene conjugate cont ... | 0 | 26353407 |
| aflatoxins b1, b2, g1, and g2 contamination in ground red peppers commercialized in sanliurfa, turkey. | aflatoxins (afs) are hepatogenic, teratogenic, imunosuppressive, and carcinogenic fungal metabolites found in feeds, nuts, wine-grapes, spices, and other grain crops. humans are exposed to afs via consumption of mycotoxin-contaminated foods. this study aimed to determine the prevalence of af contamination in powdered red peppers sold in sanliurfa. a total of 42 samples were randomly collected from retail shops, supermarkets, open bazaars, and apiaries and examined for the occurrence and levels o ... | 0 | 25773893 |
| improvement of the safety of the red pepper spice with fmea and post processing ewma quality control charts. | although there are numerous decades-old studies drawing attention to the presence of aflatoxins in spices, and particularly in red pepper spice, the problem has not been eradicated. in the present study, information presented in the literature, about production method of red pepper spice, its contamination with aflatoxin, and the uncertainty about the data are assessed to find out the points where improvement may be achieved. failure mode and effect analysis (fmea) are performed to assess the ri ... | 0 | 24425941 |
| [contamination of organophosphorus pesticides residue in fresh vegetables and related health risk assessment in changchun, china]. | this study aims to investigate the concentrations of organophosphorus pesticides (ops) in fresh vegetables. a total of z14 samples from seven types of vegetables were collected from the suburb in changchun city. the ops were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with flame photometric detector (gc-fpd). target hazard quotients (thq) were applied to estimate the potential health risk to inhabitants. results showed that ops concentrations exceeded the maximum residue limit (mrl) in more than 23. ... | 0 | 26717714 |
| antibacterial activity of jalapeño pepper (capsicum annuum var. annuum) extract fractions against select foodborne pathogens. | capsicum annuum fruits have been investigated for antimicrobial activity in a number of studies. capsaicin or other cinnamic acid pathway intermediates are often suggested to be the antimicrobial component, however there are conflicting results. no research has specifically fractionated jalapeño pepper (capsicum annuum var. annuum) extract to isolate and identify compound(s) responsible for inhibition. in this study, fractions were collected from jalapeño pepper extracts using reverse-phase hplc ... | 0 | 28572963 |
| pimento, a numerical study of its sclereids including the determination of pimento in mixtures. | 1948 | 18863098 | |
| quantitative inheritance of fruit size in red pepper (capsium frutescens l.). | 1950 | 15414933 | |
| [eosinophilogenic and toxic action of red pepper in the guinea pig]. | 1953 | 13116572 | |
| effect of red pepper and mustard infusions on the reflex phase of gastric secretion. | 1961 | 14039394 | |
| [studies on the influence of diets and lipotropic substances upon the various organs and metabolic changes in rabbits on long term feeding with red pepper. i. histopathologic changes of the liver and spleen]. | 1963 | 14083289 | |
| [studies on the influence of diets and lipotropic substances upon the various organs and metabolic changes in rabbits on long-term feeding with red pepper. ii. histopathologic changes of the various organs except the liver and spleen]. | 1963 | 14086901 | |
| [spices, pimentos and mustards]. | 1964 | 14268964 | |
| microflora of black and red pepper. | dilution cultures of 30 samples of ground black pepper yielded an average of 39,000 colonies of fungi per g, with a range of 1,700 to 310,000 per g. total numbers of colonies of bacteria from 11 samples averaged 194,000,000 per g, with a range from 8,300,000 to 704,000,000 per g. a variety of fungi grew from nearly all surface-disinfected whole peppercorns that were cultured. thirteen samples of ground red pepper from the united states yielded an average of 1,600 colonies of storage fungi per g ... | 1967 | 6035055 |
| irreversible impairment of thermoregulation induced by capsaicin and similar pungent substances in rats and guinea-pigs. | 1. in rats and guinea-pigs a subcutaneous or intraperitoneal injection of capsaicin, the substance responsible for the pungency of red pepper, produces profound hypothermia associated with skin vasodilatation.2. after large doses of capsaicin rats and guinea-pigs become insensitive to the hypothermic action of capsaicin. this densensitization is apparently irreversible since it is present months after the capsaicin treatment.3. capsaicin-desensitized animals are no longer able to protect themsel ... | 1970 | 5498502 |
| control of green peach aphid on sweet peppers in delaware. | 1972 | 4628649 | |
| the effect of red pepper (capsicum frutescens) on gastric acid secretion. | 1973 | 4777542 | |
| processing of pimento waste to provide a pigment source for poultry feed. | 1974 | 4858833 | |
| collaborative study of a method for the extraction of light filth from crushed red peppers. | a new method was developed for the extraction of light filth from crushed red peppers. the method utilizes an isoprapanol defatting of the product followed by separation of light filth elements with mineral oil and n-heptane (85+15) in a 2 l trap flask. collaborative studies resulted in good recoveries of light filth spike elements and clean extration papers. the method has been adopted as official first action. | 1975 | 1170161 |
| [on the phenolic acids of vegetables. ii. hydroxycinnamic acids and hydroxybenzoic acids of fruit and seed vegetables (author's transl)]. | fruits of solanaceae (tomatoes, eggplant, and sweet peppers) almost exclusively contain hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives with caffeic acid dominating. fruits of cucurbitaceae (cucumbers, melons, pumpkins, and zucchini) are extraordinary, because they show very low concentrations of phenolic acids (up to 10 mg/kg) accumulated in the peels. peas and broad beans have relatively small contents of phenolic acids too. their husks show like beans considerable concentrations of hydroxycinnamic acid deri ... | 1975 | 1224795 |
| effect of a mixture of red pepper (capsicum frutescens) and an amino-acid on gastric acid secretion. | the effects of a mixture of red pepper suspension and alpha-alanine (an amino-acid) on gastric acid secretion in 33 duodenal ulcer and 18 non-duodenal ulcer patients were studied. this mixture caused an increase of gastric acid in the two groups of patients, more so in the duodenal ulcer group (0.025 > p > 0.010). compared with the results of previous studies the administration of alpha-alanine in red pepper suspension produced less gastric acid than the fresh red pepper suspension alone. | 1976 | 16295058 |
| occurrence of lanosterol and lanostenol in seeds of red pepper (capsicum annuum). | cycloartenol and cycloartanol are the major components of the 4,4-dimethylsterol fraction separated from the seeds of red pepper (capsicum annuum, solanaceae). lanosterol and lanostenol, whose occurrence in higher plants has hitherto been known as extremely rare, are identified in the fraction by gas liquid chromatography, combined gas liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and isolation as their epoxides. | 1977 | 898228 |
| the analysis of essential oils and extracts (oleoresins) from seasonings--a critical review. | a critical review of the analytical methods employed for the determination of the relevant components of seasonings is presented. where the available methods were inadequate, new ones have been devised. particular emphasis has been placed on those methods of analysis that provide a rapid and sufficiently accurate appraisal of seasoning extracts and essential oils from seasonings under routine control laboratory conditions. at the same time, the margin of error of these methods has been determine ... | 1977 | 336288 |
| incidence of aflatoxin-potential contamination in spanish sausages. | 525 strains of moulds were isolated from 8 samples of red pepper (capsicum annuum) and from 3 samples of black pepper (piper nigrum). these spices were commonly added to the various kinds of spanish sausages, specially to the spanish "chorizo". of these 525 isolated moulds, 100 belonged to the aspergillus flavus group. 69 were isolated from red pepper and 31 from black pepper. of these strains, 28 strains isolated from red pepper were found positive in producing aflatoxin b1 while only 8 of the ... | 1977 | 613913 |
| the effect of red pepper on gastric secretion in ethiopia. | 1978 | 744186 | |
| [acne vulgaris: results of food allergen tests and a controlled elimination diet (author's transl)]. | 120 patients with acne vulgaris had to undergo an intracutaneous allergen test with 23 of the most important food allergens. the skin test results of 83 patients (69.2%) were negative, only 9 (7.4%) showed a distinct immediate reaction on four or more food extracts. almonds showed the most positive reactions (11.6%), then malt (10%), cheese, mustard, red pepper (8.3% each), and wheaten flour (7.5%). thereupon the patients were instructed to either keep no diet at all, or to follow an acne diet, ... | 1978 | 150350 |
| hypocholesterolemic effect of red pepper & capsaicin. | 1980 | 7461749 | |
| the effects of capsaicin on intestinal sodium and fluid transport. | capsaicin, the pungent component of red pepper, was studied to determine its inhibitory effect on fluid and na+ absorption using rat and hamster everted jejunal sacs. at a mucosal concentration of 140 mg% incubated for 60 min, capsaicin reduced the fluid transport into the serosal side by 14.8% in rat and 23.9% in hamster. similarly, na+ transport was also inhibited by 12.5% and 26.2% in rat and hamster, respectively. such decrease in serosal sodium coincided with the increase in na+ content of ... | 1980 | 7277177 |
| the effect of distance between parents on the yield of sweet pepper x hot pepper hybrids, capsicum annuum l. in a single harvest. | crosses between a cytoplasmic male-sterile sweet pepper and 14 hot pepper lines were often heterotic for the traits yield/plant and red yield/plant. all the f1 crosses were fertile and hot. all other f1 traits were intermediate to the parents' values. phenotypic diversity among parents is not related to heterotic yield performance. superior crosses must be found by trial and error. | 1980 | 24301502 |
| application of a minicolumn detection method for screening spices for aflatoxin. | the minicolumn of holaday and lansden was modified by increasing the height of neutral alumina and including a layer of anhydrous sodium sulphate. using this procedure, aflatoxin was detected in 18 of 125 samples of black pepper, red pepper, ginger and turmeric. a few samples of each spice contained aflatoxin, although red pepper and turmeric showed the highest incidence. aflatoxin b1 quantities ranged from 10 ug/kg to 120 ug/kg when estimated quantitatively by visual comparison with standards o ... | 1980 | 6769994 |
| [effects of inflammation and stimulant diets on functions of autonomic nervous system (author's transl)]. | in usual medical consultation, we have been met a lot of female patients suffering from disturbances of autonomic nervous system such as headache, shoulder-ache and so on. experiments were designed to elucidate whether or not these disturbances of autonomic nervous system were induced by inflammation and accelerated by stimulant diets. functions of autonomic nervous system were examined by lipolysis in rat epididymal adipose tissue which was partly controlled by sympathetic nervous system. it wa ... | 1981 | 7246063 |
| high pressure liquid chromatographic determination of aflatoxins in spices. | high pressure liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection is used to determine aflatoxin in 5 common spices. a 10 micrometer microparticulate silica gel column is used with a dichloromethane-cyclohexane-acetonitrile solvent system to resolve aflatoxins b1, g1, b2, and g2. the fluorescence detector contained a silica gel-packed flowcell. samples of black, white, and red pepper, ginger, and nutmeg were extracted according to a previously published method. recoveries from aflatoxin-free sampl ... | 1981 | 7309657 |
| capsaicin pretreatment prevents disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier in the rabbit eye. | capsaicin, the irritating agent of red pepper, produces ocular inflammation through a neurogenic mechanism. the present study is concerned with the long-term effects of capsaicin pretreatment on the capacity of the eye to respond to different inflammatory stimuli. following retrobulbar injection of capsaicin to rabbits the aqueous flare response induced by subsequent infrared irradiation (ir) of the iris, subcutaneously administered alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-msh) and exogenousl ... | 1983 | 6602116 |
| [contact allergy to anacardiaceae. a review and case reports of poison ivy allergy in central europe]. | in europe, as opposed to north america, poison-ivy rash is hardly known. for this reason a detailed review of the allergenic members of the anacardiaceae family is given, and the misleading nomenclature of "poison ivy", "poison oak", and some other species of this family are discussed. an up-to-date representation of the chemical structure of the allergenic substance group (denoted as "urushiol") from this family is provided as well as botanical information regarding the plants themselves. preve ... | 1983 | 6227468 |
| validation of a radioimmunoassay for (+)-abscisic acid in extracts of apple and sweet-pepper tissue using high-pressure liquid chromatography and combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. | a radioimmunoassay for (+)-abscisic acid (aba) was developed and applied to the analysis of free aba in extracts of apple (malus pumila mill.) and sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) leaves at various stages during extract purification. conjugates of aba, were quantified after alkaline hydrolysis. the validity of the radioimmunoassay was tested by comparison of immunoassay estimates of aba at different levels of extract purity with high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc) and combined gas chroma ... | 1985 | 24240962 |
| [the differentiation of parts of paprika fruit by analysis of their mineral constituents]. | in order to determine the trace metals and minor elements in the different parts of the paprika fruit (red pepper) samples were ashed and analysed by an emission spectrographic method. analysis lines of 9 elements (b, p, fe, mg, si, mn, al, ca, cu) were measured in the arc spectra of the samples, and the logarithmic intensity data processed by pattern recognition methods. from the data obtained the three components of the plant ("exocarp", "seed", and "stem") could be correctly classified. mixtu ... | 1985 | 4002864 |
| effects of the substance p antagonist [d-arg1,d-pro2,d-trp7,9,leu11]sp on miosis caused by echothiophate iodide or pilocarpine hydrochloride. | the anticholinesterase agent echothiophate iodide (ei) and the cholinergic agent pilocarpine hydrochloride (pilocarpine), drugs commonly used in glaucoma therapy, cause miosis in rabbits as well as in man. in rabbits the miotic effect decreases after a few days of treatment, a phenomenon possibly due to a drug-induced decrease in the number of muscarinic receptors. however, the muscarinic pupillary contraction caused by stimulation of the retina with light is intact. in this investigation the mi ... | 1985 | 2412852 |
| [antibacterial properties of some spice plants before and after heat treatment]. | this study was carried out to understand the antibacterial properties of some spice plants before and after heat treatment in boiling water. the samples included the core and the outer layers of onion, the white and the green parts of green onion, garlic bulb, ginger, ginger root, sweet pepper, chili pepper, brown pepper, and mustard. the test microorganisms included escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, vibrio parahaemolyticus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus vulgaris, staphylococcus aureus ... | 1985 | 4064797 |
| capsaicin pretreatment attenuates suppression of food intake by cholecystokinin. | capsaicin, the pungent principal in red pepper, has been shown to damage small-diameter peptide-containing sensory neurons. suppression of feeding by cholecystokinin octapeptide (cck op) was attenuated after systemic pretreatment with capsaicin. capsaicin pretreatment did not attenuate suppression of food intake by intragastric preloads. pretreatment of rats with microgram quantities of capsaicin injected into the fourth ventricle, near the sites of vagal afferent termination, also attenuated cc ... | 1985 | 3985191 |
| co-carcinogenic effects of several korean foods on gastric cancer induced by n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine in rats. | in study i, 48 aci and fisher inbred rats were given mnng 100 micrograms/ml, with or without 1 per cent or 3 per cent red pepper diet; in study ii, 164 sprague-dawley rats given mnng 100 micrograms/ml, with or without 5 per cent or 10 per cent nacl; in study iii, 181 wistar rats given mnng 83 micrograms/ml with or without maejoo 10 gm per cent/diet; in study iv, 78 wistar rats given mnng 83 micrograms/ml with or without ginseng extract 150 micrograms/ml; in study v, 120 wistar rats given mnng 83 ... | 1985 | 3831496 |
| population densities of meloidogyne incognita and yield of capsicum annuum. | two microplot experiments in 1981 and 1983 provided information on the effect of different population densities of meloidogyne incognita race 1 and yield of sweet pepper. microplots were square concrete pipes (30 x 30 cm and 50 cm long) filled with 40 liters of soil infested with 0, 0.062, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, and 512 eggs and juveniles/cm(3) soil. tolerance limits of 2.2 and 0.165 eggs and juveniles/cm(3) soil and minimum yields of 58% and 20% of the controls were ... | 1985 | 19294056 |
| [toxicoderma caused by sweet red pepper]. | 1985 | 4036294 | |
| effect of spiced food on metabolic rate. | since the time of lavoisier it has been known that the ingestion of food in animals and man produces an increase in oxygen consumption. this increase in metabolic rate was originally called 'specific dynamic action' (sda) and is now widely referred to as the thermic effect (te) of food or diet-induced thermogenesis (dit) (rothwell & stock, 1981). much of the early work on the thermic effect was confined to the type and amount of food, notably the macronutrients--proteins, fats and carbohydrates. ... | 1986 | 3957721 |
| effects of capsaicin on lipid metabolism in rats fed a high fat diet. | effects of capsaicin, a pungent principle of hot red pepper, were studied in experiments using male rats fed a diet containing 30% lard. capsaicin was supplemented at 0.014% of the diet. the level of serum triglyceride was lower when capsaicin was present in the diet than when it was not. levels of serum cholesterol and pre-beta-lipoprotein were not affected by the supplementation of capsaicin. the perirenal adipose tissue weight was lower when capsaicin was present in the diet than when it was ... | 1986 | 2875141 |
| function of rhizodermal transfer cells in the fe stress response mechanism of capsicum annuum l. | a variety of red pepper (capsicum annuum l., cv yaglik) responds to fe deficiency stress with simultaneously enhanced h(+) extrusion, reduction of ferric ions and synthesis of malic and citric acid in a swollen subapical root zone densely covered with root hairs. it is demonstrated that these stress responses temporally coincide with the development of rhizodermal and hypodermal transfer cells in this root zone. during stress response the transfer cells show a marked autofluorescence which could ... | 1986 | 16665060 |
| spectrophotometric analysis of irradiated spices. | seven different spices (thyme, cinnamon, coriander, caraway, pimento, paprika, black pepper) were treated by gamma radiation at an absorbed dose of 10 kgy, and the effect on chemical quality was determined. the effects of this dose were assessed by spectrophotometric analysis of some water-soluble constituents of spices (carbohydrates; carbonyl compounds) and on the content of water-insoluble steam-volatile oils. the colour of paprika and the content of piperine in pepper held in different packa ... | 1987 | 3040629 |
| simplified cleanup and gas chromatographic determination of organophosphorus pesticides in crops. | a simple and efficient cleanup method for gas chromatographic determination of 23 organophosphorus pesticides in crops including onion is described. the sample was extracted with acetone. the extract was purified with coagulating solution, which contained ammonium chloride and phosphoric acid, and then filtered by suction. the filtrate was diluted with nacl solution and reextracted with benzene. the organic layer was evaporated and injected into a gas chromatograph equipped with a flame photomet ... | 1987 | 3610958 |
| effect of red pepper and black pepper on the stomach. | spices have long been implicated as a cause of gastric mucosal injury. we assessed the effects of red and black pepper on the gastric mucosa using double-blind intragastric administration of test meals containing red pepper (0.1-1.5 g) or black pepper (1.5 g) to healthy human volunteers; aspirin (655 mg) and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. serial gastric washes were performed after test meal administration and gastric contents were analyzed for dna, pep ... | 1987 | 3103424 |
| inhibition of calcium and calmodulin-dependent phosphodiesterase activity in rats by capsaicin. | capsaicin, reported to elevate hormone sensitive lipase (hsl), is also found to inhibit the ca++ and calmodulin-dependent camp phosphodiesterase (pde) activity in adipose tissue of rats, fed high fat diet. the dependence of the enzyme activity on ca++ and calmodulin in vitro, in control rats, is shown by its substantial lowering in the presence of egta and inhibition by trifluoperazine (tfp) (ic50 between 10-20 microm). this enzyme activity is also inhibited by both red pepper extract (80% inhib ... | 1987 | 3118870 |
| capsaicin, a pungent principle of hot red pepper, evokes catecholamine secretion from the adrenal medulla of anesthetized rats. | using a direct monitoring system for catecholamine (ca) secretion into the adrenal vein, we have demonstrated that capsaicin (cap) evokes ca secretion from the adrenal medulla of pentobarbital-anesthetized rats. a significant increase in epinephrine (e) secretion was seen in rats infused with cap (200 micrograms/kg, i.v.) without a detectable lag after the infusion. norepinephrine (ne) secretion evoked by cap was fairly weak compared with e secretion. the secretion of e evoked by cap was dose-am ... | 1987 | 3814133 |
| some pungent principles of spices cause the adrenal medulla to secrete catecholamine in anesthetized rats. | we recently reported that capsaicin, a pungent principle of hot red pepper, evokes catecholamine secretion from the rat adrenal medulla. in this study, the effects of some pungent principles of spices on adrenal catecholamine secretion were investigated as compared with that of capsaicin. an increase in catecholamine, especially epinephrine, secretion was observed not only on capsaicin infusion but also on piperine (a pungent principle of pepper) and zingerone (ginger) infusion. even on infusion ... | 1988 | 3375268 |
| headaches and sinus disease: the endoscopic approach. | headaches can be of sinugenic origin even if this cause may not be suspected from the case history. endoscopy of the lateral nasal wall with rigid cold light endoscopes in combination with polytomography or computed tomography usually will reveal the underlying causes hidden from the unaided eye, the operating microscope, and standard x-ray examination. small lesions in the lesser cells of the ethmoid complex may give rise to headaches, especially when located in the key areas of the ethmoid inf ... | 1988 | 3140703 |
| study of the bacillus flora of nigerian spices. | bacteriological examination of 230 samples of five different unprocessed spices (aligator pepper, red pepper, black pepper, thyme and curry powder) collected randomly from port harcourt main markets revealed that the spices were highly contaminated, with bacterial counts ranging from 1.8 x 10(4) to 1.1 x 10(8) per gram. bacillus cereus was isolated in high numbers in the majority of the 230 samples examined. it was also observed that other bacillus spp. including b. subtilis, b. polymyxa and b. ... | 1988 | 3275301 |
| resiniferatoxin, a phorbol-related diterpene, acts as an ultrapotent analog of capsaicin, the irritant constituent in red pepper. | resiniferatoxin is an extremely irritant diterpene present in the latex of several members of the genus euphorbia. its mechanism of action has been shown to be clearly distinct from that of the structurally related phorbol esters. since resiniferatoxin possesses a 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl substituent, a key feature of capsaicin, the major pungent ingredient of plants of the genus capsicum, we examined the ability of resiniferatoxin to induce typical capsaicin responses. we report here that trea ... | 1989 | 2747924 |
| pungent spices, ground red pepper, and synthetic capsaicin as onion fly ovipositional deterrents. | in laboratory choice experiments, the spices dill, paprika, black pepper, chili powder, ginger, and red pepper deterreddelia antiqua oviposition by 88-100%. dose-response choice tests demonstrated that 1 mg of ground cayenne pepper (gcp) placed within 1 cm of artificial onion foliage reduced oviposition by 78%. a synthetic analog of capsaicin, the principal flavor ingredient of red peppers, deterred oviposition by 95% when present at 320 ppm in the top centimeter of sand (the ovipositional subst ... | 1989 | 24271812 |
| [comparative observations of the behavior of ethephon in fruit, coffee and paprika]. | after application of flordimex to soft and stone fruit for fruit abscission and acceleration of ripening obvious ethephon residues have been found. therefore, the dose rate has to be restricted to keep the maximum residue limit. the same is true for the use of flordimex for fruit abscission in apples, whereas for yield regulation residues are far below 0.05 mg/kg in apples. a typical feature of the active ingredient is the large quantity of its residues in juice and wine, which is as high as eth ... | 1989 | 2608103 |
| expression of a patatin-like protein in the anthers of potato and sweet pepper flowers. | patatin, the major glycoprotein in potato tubers, is encoded by a multigene family. rna and protein analyses reveal that a homologous mrna and an immunologically cross-reacting protein can be found in potato flowers, which is similar to patatin in that it displays a lipid acyl hydrolase activity. the patatin-like protein found in flowers has a higher molecular weight than the authentic tuber patatin. deglycosylation experiments show that this is not due to differences in the glycosylation patter ... | 1989 | 12359901 |
| angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and cough. | angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors produce a dry, nonproductive cough in some patients. retrospective surveys have suggested an incidence of cough of between 0.7 and 14%. those patients who develop cough show a marked increase in the sensitivity of the cough reflex to inhalation of the extract of red pepper, capsaicin. they have a normal response before treatment, and the sensitivity of the cough reflex returns to normal when therapy is discontinued. the mechanism of this important s ... | 1989 | 2474108 |
| childbearing beliefs among cambodian refugee women. | the reproductive beliefs and practices of 12 cambodian women who had begun childbearing in southeast asia and were currently residents of canada's cambodian community of refugees were assessed through in-depth ethnographic interviews. the researcher, a public health nurse in a clinic that served a predominantly refugee population, conducted the interviews through female bilingual translators and obtained endorsement from the cambodian association. respondents averaged 35 years of age, were marri ... | 1990 | 2301165 |
| diet, living conditions and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in tunisia--a case-control study. | we conducted a case-control study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) in tunisia, on diet, dietary patterns and life style, the characteristics of which had been defined by an anthropological study. eighty incident cases, diagnosed in tunisia between november 1986 and november 1987, were each matched for sex, age and place of residence to 2 controls. the subjects were asked for dietary data referring to the year preceding the diagnosis of npc and, with help of their families, during childhood and ... | 1990 | 2394508 |
| antigenic relationships between petunia peroxidase a and specific peroxidase isoenzymes in other solanaceae. | a highly specific rabbit antiserum raised against peroxidase (prxa) from petunia (petunia hybrida) was used to investigate the antigenic relatedness of peroxidases in the solanaceae. after sds-page of crude leaf extracts from a large number of species of this family, immunoblotting revealed that cross-reacting protein bands were present in all species tested. in order to determine whether these protein bands represent peroxidases, the peroxidase isoenzymes in thorn apple (datura stramonium l.), ... | 1990 | 24220819 |
| regulation of carbon partitioning in source and sink leaf parts in sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) plants : role of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate. | area expansion rate, partitioning of photosynthetically fixed carbon, and levels of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (fru-2,6-p(2)) were determined in individual parts of developing leaves of sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.). the base was rapidly expanding and allocated less carbon to sucrose synthesis in comparison to the leaf tip, where expansion had almost stopped. the change in leaf expansion rate and carbon partitioning happened gradually. during day time levels of fru-2,6-p(2) were consistently ... | 1990 | 16667515 |
| inhibition by capsaicin of nadh-quinone oxidoreductases is correlated with the presence of energy-coupling site 1 in various organisms. | the nadh-ubiquinone reductase activity of the respiratory chains of several organisms was inhibited by capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, which are the pungent principles of red pepper. this inhibition was correlated with the presence of an energy transducing site in this segment of the respiratory chain. where the nadh-quinone oxidoreductase segment involved an energy coupling site (e.g., in paracoccus denitrificans, escherichia coli, and thermus thermophilus hb-8 membranes and bovine heart mitoch ... | 1990 | 2118334 |
| the dual function of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves in the bladder and urethra. | the sensory innervation of the urinary bladder and urethra plays a key role in a variety of reflexes involved in urine storage and voiding. dysfunction of these systems is a possible cause of many disturbances related to urine continence but basic knowledge in this field has been hampered by the lack of tools for studying sensory nerves. the use of capsaicin, the pungent ingredient of red peppers, allowed us to investigate the anatomical and functional properties of a specific subset of sensory ... | 1990 | 2226067 |
| effect of unilateral vagotomy on capsaicin-induced neurogenic inflammation in the trachea of rats. | this study reports the effect of unilateral vagotomy on neurogenic inflammation in the trachea. neurogenic inflammation was produced in the trachea of vagotomized rats by a venous injection of capsaicin, the pungent ingredient of red pepper. monastral blue was used as tracer dye to label the affected blood vessels. vagus nerves and tracheal tissues were processed for light and electron microscopy. the damaged right vagus nerve was found to have degenerated. however, unilateral vagotomy did not c ... | 1990 | 2213967 |
| spice allergy in celery-sensitive patients. | scratch tests (sct) with powdered commercial spices were performed in 70 patients with positive skin tests to birch and/or mugwort pollens and celery. positive sct to aniseed, fennel, coriander and cumin--all from the same botanical family (apiaceae) as celery--were observed in more than 24 patients. spices from unrelated families (red pepper, white pepper, ginger, nutmeg, cinnamon) elicited positive immediate skin test reactions only in three of 11 patients. specific serum ige to spices (determ ... | 1991 | 1957997 |
| comparison of the effects of piperine administered intragastrically and intraperitoneally on the liver and liver mixed-function oxidases in rats. | piperine, a major pungent constituent of black and red peppers, was administered to rats intragastrically and intraperitoneally to study whether it alters the activities of hepatic mixed-function oxidases (mfo) and serum enzymes as specific markers of hepatotoxicity. an intragastric dose of 100 mg/kg of piperine to adult, male sprague-dawley rats caused an increase in hepatic microsomal cytochrome p-450 and cytochrome b5, nadph-cytochrome c reductase, benzphetamine n-demethylase, aminopyrine n-d ... | 1991 | 1893751 |
| the effect of spices on cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase activity and on serum and hepatic cholesterol levels in the rat. | the effect of feeding curcumin, capsaicin, ginger, mustard, black pepper and cumin on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism was studied in rats. the activity of hepatic cholesterol-7 alpha-hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme of bile acid biosynthesis, was significantly elevated in curcumin (turmeric), capsaicin (red pepper), ginger and mustard treated animals. the enzyme activity was comparable to controls in black pepper and cumin fed rats. serum and liver microsomal cholesterol contents were ... | 1991 | 1806542 |
| use of digoxigenin-labelled probes for detection and host-range studies of tomato yellow leaf curl geminivirus. | we studied the host range of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (tylcv) in some agronomically important tomato species. transmission tests with the natural vector bemisia tabaci from tomato to sweet pepper, eggplant, cucumber, melon, zucchini and spinach showed that these species did not develop symptoms and did not support viral replication. these species therefore do not constitutive a reservoir of the virus and can be cultivated as alternatives to tomato in the most affected areas. for host-range ... | 1991 | 1796214 |
| dietary exposure to aflatoxin in benin city, nigeria: a possible public health concern. | a total of 100 samples of various foods comprising of 10 samples each of garri (manihot utilis pohl), beans (phaseolus lunatus), yam flour (dioscorea rotundata), cassava flour (manihot esculentum), melon (citrulus lunatus), onion (allium cepa), rice (oryza sativa), plantain (musa paradisiaca), red pepper (capsicum annuum l., solanaceae) and eggs were screened for the presence of aflatoxins. fifty percent of yam flour; 40% of cassava flour; 30% of garri; 20% of beans and melon and 10% of rice yie ... | 1991 | 1777386 |
| diet and nutrition in ulcer disease. | in this era of h2-inhibitors, the available evidence does not support the need to place peptic ulcer disease patients on restrictive diets. the major goal of diet is to avoid extreme elevations of gastric acid secretion and the direct irritation of gastric mucosa. in view of this, only slight modifications in the patient's usual diet are recommended. table 1 depicts a sample menu for chronic peptic ulcer disease. frequent milk ingestion as previously prescribed is not encouraged. this is owing t ... | 1991 | 2072799 |
| the effect of essential oil type on the setting time of grossman's sealer and roth root canal cement. | setting times were determined for mixtures consisting of the powder components of grossman's sealer or roth root canal cement with either eugenol, oil of pimento or oil of melaleuca. the powder component of grossman's sealer, when mixed with eugenol or oil of pimento, had a significantly shorter setting time than did the powder component of grossman's sealer mixed with oil of melaleuca or roth root canal cement mixed with eugenol, oil of pimento, or oil of melaleuca. | 1991 | 1940754 |
| plasma cell gingivitis of unusual origin. a case report. | plasma cell gingivitis is a rare benign condition of the gingiva. it is marked by a dense infiltrate of normal plasma cells separated into aggregates by strands of collagen. it is a hypersensitivity reaction to some antigen, often flavorings or spices. the importance of this lesion is that it may cause severe gingival inflammation, discomfort, and bleeding and may mimic more serious conditions. plaque control and conventional periodontal therapy alone will not cure this disease. the etiologic ag ... | 1991 | 1870070 |
| detection of aflatoxin b1 in imported food products into japan by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high performance liquid chromatography. | in order to detect the presence of aflatoxin b1 (afb1), the use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and recovery test was evaluated. the detection limit of elisa for afb1 was 1 pg/assay and the recovery from maize spiked with afb1 exceeded 80%. afb1 was detected by elisa in seven out of twelve samples of imported food products including peanut, almond, red pepper, cocoa bean, black pepper, buckwheat, walnut, adlay, soybean, popcorn, and pistachio nut, and by high performance liquid ... | 1991 | 1830779 |
| [botulism in the czech republic]. | in a retrospective study the authors analyzed 76 cases of botulism reported in 1961-1989 in the czech republic. the analysis of descriptive data pertained to the annual incidence of botulism with a maximum of cases in 1966, 1973 and 1984 (11, 7 and 6 cases); geographical distribution with a maximum incidence in the south and central bohemian region (100,000 population); age distribution with a predominance in subjects above 15 years. the dominating vehicle of botulism was in 61% of the notified ... | 1991 | 2004397 |
| the effect of red and black pepper on orocecal transit time. | the effects of spices on intestinal peristalsis have not been studied in humans. in this pilot study we evaluated the effects of red pepper and black pepper on small intestinal peristalsis measuring orocecal transit time (octt) utilizing a lactulose hydrogen breath test. subjects included 16 healthy volunteers. the lactulose hydrogen breath test was done on different days with or without the powdered red pepper (2 g) or black pepper (1.5 g) given in gelatin capsules. the baseline orocecal transi ... | 1992 | 1578101 |
| [a case of recurrent alimentary lead poisoning]. | the authors describe a case of lead poisoning in a family (father, mother, son, daughter). the condition was at first diagnosed as acute hepatic porphyria. the correct diagnosis was made on the basis of increased urinary excretion of delta-aminolevulinic acid and coproporphyrin and on the basis of the revealed reversibly inhibited activity of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in red blood cells. the source of intoxication was the use of red lead pigment instead of dried red pepper. | 1992 | 1394376 |
| cytokinins and leaf development in sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) : ii. sink metabolism in relation to cytokinin-promoted leaf expansion. | stimulation of leaf expansion by an exogenous cytokinin was studied in isolated leaf discs of sweet pepper with emphasis on the assimilate utilization of the tissue. leaf discs were floated on solutions containing sucrose and plant growth regulators. benzyladenine (ba) promoted the area expansion rate of the leaf discs. sucrose at 100 mm resulted in increased area expansion rate compared with 10 mm sucrose. however, the increased sucrose concentration had no influence on the effect of ba. over a ... | 1992 | 24178202 |
| cytokinins and leaf development in sweet pepper (capsicum annuum l.) : i. spatial distribution of endogenous cytokinins in relation to leaf growth. | immunoaffinity purification of zeatin, dihydrozeatin and isopentenyl-type cytokinins from expanding leaves of sweet pepper was accomplished using a single immobilized monoclonal antibody. isopentenyl adenosine, zeatin, zeatin riboside and the n9-glucosides of zeatin and isopentenyl adenine were found to be the dominating endogenous cytokinins while the dihydrozeatin cytokinins were either absent or constituted a very minor group of cytokinin metabolites in pepper. leaves were selected for analys ... | 1992 | 24178201 |
| occurrence of the chromoplast protein chra correlates with a fruit-color gene in capsicum annuum. | plant geneticists have determined that the color of ripe fruits of sweet peppers (capsicum annuum l.) is determined by four genes: y, c1, c2 and cl. we have compared the electrophoretic behavior of chromoplast membrane proteins of seven varieties of c. annuum which differ in these genes. chra was detected only in the varieties that had a y+ genotype, and was not affected by variations in the other three genes. the identity of chra was verified by probing blots of sds gels with antiserum to chra. ... | 1993 | 8443347 |
| influence of uraniferous black shales on cadmium, molybdenum and selenium in soils and crop plants in the deog-pyoun-g area of korea. | the influence of naturally occurring uraniferous black shales on cadmium, molybdenum and selenium concentrations in soils and plants is examined. the possible implications of element concentrations to animal and human health are considered for the deog-pyoung area.geochemical surveys have been undertaken within 13 river tributary valleys in the area underlain by uraniferous black shales and black slates or grey chlorite schists. sampling of rocks, soils and plants has been carried out along tran ... | 1993 | 24198108 |
| problems with estimating vitamin c intakes. | the vitamin c content of foods was examined from two national databases and new values were obtained by hplc. hplc values were lower in four of the five highest vitamin c contributors to the us diet (orange juice, grapefruit, tomatoes and tomato juice, and potatoes), as well as in broccoli, red peppers, and cooked collard and mustard greens, compared with values from the other databases. when hplc values were substituted in the health habits and history questionnaire, the resulting estimates of ... | 1993 | 8460610 |
| induction of the anti-carcinogenic enzyme quinone reductase by food extracts using murine hepatoma cells. | over 145 extracts of vegetables, fruits, herbs, spices and beverages which are consumed regularly in the european diet have been surveyed for potential anti-carcinogenic activity using an assay which measures the induction of nad(p)h: (quinone acceptor) menadione oxidoreductase (quinone reductase, qr) activity in murine cells challenged with solutions of potential inducers. when appropriate the study has included extracts prepared from cooked and autolysed material. the results indicate that ext ... | 1994 | 8061594 |
| significance for humans of the nutrient contents of the dry fruit of tetrapleura tetraptera. | the nutritional quality of the dry fruit of tetrapleura tetraptera, a tropical deciduous forest tree with characteristic fruits, used as a spice, was assessed. the fruit shell, fruit pulp and seed contained varying amounts of nutrients such as protein, lipids and minerals, which were comparable and some were even higher than popular spices such as red pepper, onion, curry and ginger. the crude fibre content of the fruit shell was noteworthy and can be considered a good source of this nutritional ... | 1994 | 8146103 |
| [the value of polish field grown sweet pepper cultivars for freezing and pickling]. | raw and blanched sweet pepper and frozen goods and pickles produced of blanched and non-blanched vegetable were evaluated after 6-month storage, the following cultivars of polish origin being used in the screening: bryza, ino, jantar, kano, kujawianka, passat, sono, and zefir. the compared cultivars differed by the level of analysed indices. the variability range of dry matter content was 25%, of sugars 23%, of starch 97%, of protein 25%, of mineral constituents 24%, and of vitamin c 40%. the bl ... | 1994 | 7792520 |
| clastogenicity of red pepper (capsicum frutescens l.) extracts. | extracts from the fruits of capsicum frutescens l. were tested for their clastogenicity using the mouse-bone-marrow micronucleus (mouse-mn) assay. results of the mouse-mn, an in vivo method, indicated that the isolate cf-1 is clastogenic at the maximum tolerated dose of 1.22 mg/kg mouse. statistical analysis using the wilcoxon two-sample test showed that the null hypothesis, mu tetracycline = mucf-1, is acceptable at 0.05 and 0.01 degrees of significance. hence, the clastogenicity of cf-1 is sta ... | 1994 | 7510827 |
| a rapid capsaicin-activated current in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons. | a subpopulation of pain fibers are activated by capsaicin, the ingredient in red peppers that produces a burning sensation when eaten or placed on skin. previous studies on dorsal root ganglion neurons indicated that capsaicin activates sensory nerves via a single slowly activating and inactivating inward current. in rat trigeminal neurons, we identified a second capsaicin-activated inward current. this current can be distinguished from the slow one in that it rapidly activates and inactivates, ... | 1994 | 8290592 |
| fermentation and sensory characteristics of kimchi containing potassium chloride as a partial replacement for sodium chloride. | a study was designed to determine the effects of substituting up to 50% of the nacl in kimchi, a fermented chinese cabbage (brassica pekinensis) product containing scallions, garlic, ginger and hot red pepper powder, with kcl. brine water (15% salt) used to soak cabbage contained nacl:kcl ratios of 1:0 (control), 5:1, 2:1 and 1:1 (wt:wt). total acidity and ph of kimchi reached acceptable ranges of 0.4-0.6% (as lactic acid) and 4.4-4.7, respectively, after 13 days of incubation at 13 +/- 1 degree ... | 1994 | 8043352 |