Publications

biomolecular analyses of starch and starch granule proteins in the high-amylose rice mutant goami 2.	elevated proportions of amylose in cereals are commonly associated with either the loss of starch branching or starch synthase activity. goami 2 is a high-amylose mutant of the temperate japonica rice variety ilpumbyeo. genotyping revealed that goami 2 and ilpumbyeo carry the same alleles for starch synthase iia and granule-bound starch synthase i genes. analyses of granule-bound proteins revealed that ssi and ssiia accumulate inside the mature starch granules of goami 2, which is similar to the ...	0	23009566
examination of number-average degree of polymerization and molar-based distribution of amylose by fluorescent labeling with 2-aminopyridine.	suitable conditions for the fluorescent labeling of the reducing residue of amylose with 2-aminopyridine were examined. amylose of up to 38.5 nmol was labeled with a constant labeling efficiency. the same efficiencies were obtained for amyloses having a number-average degree of polymerization (dpn) of 521-4400. the analysis of labeled amylose on size-exclusion hplc with refractive index and fluorescence detection enabled the determination of dpn and dp distribution on a molar basis. the analysis ...	0	9648249
rice antioxidants: phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid.	epidemiological studies suggested that the low incidence of certain chronic diseases in rice-consuming regions of the world might be associated with the antioxidant compound contents of rice. the molecules with antioxidant activity contained in rice include phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, γ-oryzanol, and phytic acid. this review provides information on the contents of these compounds in rice using a food composition database built from comp ...	0	24804068
long-range and targeted ectopic recombination between the two homeologous chromosomes 11 and 12 in oryza species.	whole genome duplication (wgd) and subsequent evolution of gene pairs have been shown to have shaped the present day genomes of most, if not all, plants and to have played an essential role in the evolution of many eukaryotic genomes. analysis of the rice (oryza sativa ssp. japonica) genome sequence suggested an ancestral wgd ∼50-70 ma common to all cereals and a segmental duplication between chromosomes 11 and 12 as recently as 5 ma. more recent studies based on coding sequences have demonstrat ...	0	21616911
a new species of the cheyletid mite found on tatami japanese rice straw matting.		1955	13294911
[japanese rice in yeast diagnosis].		1958	13501705
phytotoxicity tests with the molluscicide n-tritylmorpholine.	n-tritylmorpholine (frescon, wl 8008) has been applied as an emulsifiable concentrate (fx 28) to cotton and rice in glasshouse experiments without any adverse effects. the compound was applied in the irrigation water at 5 and 10 times the rates used for snail control. the experiment on cotton was terminated after 60 days, when the plants became pot-bound. the treatments did not affect the leaf area or the fresh weight of plants. the rice (oryza sativa ssp. japonica) was harvested and no differen ...	1967	5300052
interaction between ethylene, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid in elongation of rice mesocotyl.	combined application of ethylene, abscisic acid and gibberellic acid produced marked partly synergistic stimulation of mesocotyl growth of japonica rice in darkness.	1973	24474213
individual differences in blood and breath acetaldehyde levels and urinary excretion of catecholamines after alcohol intake.	sixty three male japanese, aged 20-40 yr were evaluated as to the degree of facial flushing following a controlled dose of ethanol either as japanese rice wine or ethanol 0.4 g kg body weight. thirty four subjects responded with overt facial flushing. the acetaldehyde levels in blood and expired air were significantly higher in the flushing group without a change in ethanol elimination rate. urinary excretion of vanilmandelic acid (vma) and 3 methyoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (mhpg) are reported.	1980	7004232
marchiafava-bignami disease, striatal degeneration, and other neurological complications of chronic alcoholism in a japanese.	a japanese man with a variety of neurological complications, had drunk japanese rice wine (sake) daily for about 25 years. there was a progressive development of parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia, and mental deterioration by the time he was 32. he died of pneumonia at age 50 and the autopsy revealed marchiafava-bignami disease (mbd), striatal degeneration, pseudolaminar sclerosis of morel, atrophy of the corpus mamillare and pons, cortical cerebellar atrophy, pseudopellagra, and polyneuropathy. th ...	1981	7211193
241am and plutonium in japanese rice-field surface soils.		1983	6663540
[[selectivity of staple food-taking pattern by cohort analysis]].	changing dietary patterns in japan are reviewed in relation to characteristics such as age, sex, educational status, occupation, region, and migration. data are from a field survey undertaken in miyagi and kumamoto prefectures in 1981. the focus is on the change from a traditional japanese rice-based diet to a western style of nutrition. (summary in eng)	1986	12314555
the relationship between translucency of rice grain and gelatinization of starch in the grain during cooking.	the soaked and nonsoaked rice grains were cooked by the excess water method and the steamer method, and subjected to ranghino's test, x-ray diffraction, and microscopic observation. the starch granules in the nonsoaked rice were gelatinized at the same time as the grains became translucent during cooking. however, when the grains of medium amylose varieties and waxy rice were presoaked, the starch granules were not fully gelatinized in the translucent grains cooked for ranghino's cooking time. t ...	1987	3437340
differences between indica and japonica rice varieties in co2 exchange rates in response to leaf nitrogen and temperature.	four indica and five japonica varieties of rice (oryza sativa l.) were examined to elucidate their differences in photosynthetic activity and dark respiratory rate as influenced by leaf nitrogen levels and temperatures. the photosynthetic rates of single leaf showed correlations with total nitrogen and soluble protein contents in the leaves. respiratory rate was also positively correlated with the leaf nitrogen content. when compared at the same level of leaf nitrogen or soluble protein content, ...	1987	24430670
plant regeneration from protoplasts of indica rice: genotypic differences in culture response.	fourteen varieties of indica rice (oryza saliva l.) were examined for their capacity for plant regeneration from protoplasts using the nurse culture methods developed for japonica rice. calli induced from germinating seeds were grouped into two types: type i, white and compact; type ii, yellow and friable. in four varieties producing type ii callus, colony formation (2%-4.5%) and plant regeneration (2%-35%) were observed. the inability to develop suspension cultures was a major obstacle in regen ...	1988	24232400
plant regeneration from indica rice (oryza sativa l.) protoplasts.	rice (oryza sativa l.) plants of the indica cultivar ir54 were regenerated from protoplasts. conditions were developed for isolating and purifying protoplasts from suspension cultures with protoplast yields ranging from 1·10(6) to 15·10(6) viable protoplasts/1 g fresh weight. protoplast viability after purification was generally over 90%. protoplasts were cultured in a slightly modified kao medium in a petri plate by placing them onto a millipore filter positioned on top of a feeder (nurse) cult ...	1989	24212899
double-stranded rna and male sterility in rice.	double-stranded rna (dsrna) was isolated from rice oryza sativa ssp. japonica, but not from other subspecies. the dsrna has been found in all of the examined cytoplasmic male-sterile (cms) lines of bt (chinsurah boro ii)-type rice, but was not detected in their companionate maintainer lines. it is uniquely and positivley correlated with the cms trait in bt-type rice. recently, the dsrna was also found in a nuclear malesterile (nms) rice, nongken 58s, but was not found in its normal nongken 58. t ...	1990	24226462
tritium concentration in japanese rice.	polished rice samples harvested in 1985 were collected from 25 prefectures throughout japan. concentrations of both tissue free water tritium (tfwt) and organically bound tritium (obt) were determined. nearly uniform distribution of the tfwt and obt concentrations was observed in japan, taking into account a relatively large counting error. the average values for all japanese polished rice were 2.69 +/- 0.74 bq/l for the tfwt concentration, 2.01 +/- 0.78 bq/l for the obt concentration and 0.83 + ...	1990	2098551
contributions of algalization to rice growth, yield, n attributes and incidence of infestation with the blast funguspyricularia oryzae under different fungicidal treatments.	inoculation of the japonica rice, giza 171, with blue-green algae along with 36 kg n/ha or complete n fertilization by 108 kg n/ha were tested along with blast-controlling fungicides: kitazin-17, fuji-one and beam. the algal inoculum, which containedanabaena cylindrica, anabaena oryzae, nostoc muscorum and tolypothrix tenuis, was applled as 100 kg soil-based inoculum (90% moisture)/ha 5 days after transplanting. plant growth, yield, n content and fertilizer-n-use efficiency were increased and th ...	1990	24430135
analysis of nuclear sequences homologous to the b4 plasmid-like dna of rice mitochondria; evidence for sequence transfer from mitochondria to nuclei.	nuclear sequences homologous to the plasmid-like dna, b4, were analyzed in the japonica rice variety, fujiminori. homologous sequences existed at several positions in the nuclear genome, but each contained only a portion of the b4 sequence. it was impossible to reconstruct the entire sequence of b4 even by collating all the homologous sequences. overlaps between some of the b4 sequences present in the nuclear genome resulted in parts of the sequence being represented more than once. these featur ...	1991	1782676
linkage analysis of the nuclear homologues of mitochondrial plasmid-like dnas in rice.	a genetical study on the nucleotide sequences of the nuclear dnas which share homology with rice mitochondrial plasmid-like dnas, b1, b2, b3 and b4 was carried out. restriction fragments of the nuclear dnas hybridized with these plasmid-like dnas showed polymorphisms in their length between indica and japonica rice cultivars. the hybridized signals found specifically in indica or japonica cultivars segregated in the f2 population derived from a cross between these two subspecies. the observed ra ...	1991	1685659
rflp analysis of nuclear dnas homologous with mitochondrial plasmid-like dnas in cultivated rice.	b1 and b2 are small, circular, mitochondrial plasmid-like dnas found in male-sterile cytoplasm (cms-bo) of rice. in this study, nuclear sequences homologous to these dnas were investigated among a number of rice cultivars. several copies of nuclear b1-and b2-homologous sequences were detected in all examined cultivars, regardless of the presence or absence of the b1 and b2 dnas in mitochondria, indicating that the existence of the b1- and b2-homologous sequences in the rice nuclear genome was wi ...	1991	24213063
plant regeneration from protoplasts of wild rice (oryza rufipogon griff.).	embryogenic callus initiated from basal segments of micropropagated shoots of oryza rufipogon were used to initiate cell suspension cultures. after approximately 3 months these cultures were capable of yielding large numbers of protoplasts which underwent sustained division in agarose-solidified medium at a frequency comparable to that observed with japonica rice protoplasts in previous studies. o. rufipogon plants were reproducibly regenerated from the protoplast-derived callus and are currentl ...	1991	24221546
rice performance and natural infection with blast (pyricularia oryzae cav.) under different algalization techniques and rates of fertilizer nitrogen.	japonica rice, giza 171, was inoculated with either a dry or fresh soil-based inoculum of cyanobacteria containinganabaena cylindrica, anabaena oryzae, nostoc muscorum andtolypothrix tenuis together with fertilization with urea at 0, 36, 72, or 108 kg n/ha. fresh inoculum enhanced plant growth, yield and n content in comparison with the dry one. the efficiency of nitrogen utilization from the urea at all n concentrations was improved by using the fresh inoculum. natural infection with leaf and n ...	1991	24424867
field uniformity of the japonica rice region of taiwan as estimated by relative genetic contribution.	despite the concerns for genetic vulnerability that were raised in the 1970s, the field uniformity of the japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) region in taiwan has increased since 1980 with over 82% of the cultivated areas being covered by as few as three varieties and over half of this hectarage by a single variety. japanese plant introductions are the major ancestral contributors of genetic constituents for varieties released in taiwan. the main constitution of the genetic base present in the field ...	1991	24202264
fertile indica and japonica rice plants regenerated from protoplasts isolated from embryogenic haploid suspension cultures.	a system to regenerate fertile rice (oryza sativa l.) plants (both indica and japonica varieties) from protoplasts isolated from anther-derived embryogenic haploid suspension cultures has been established. green plants were regenerated from protoplast-derived cell clusters five months after suspension culture initiation. protoplast yields and subsequent growth of the protoplast-derived microcalli were enhanced by transferring suspension cells into aa medium (muller et al. 1978) three to four day ...	1992	24201730
plant regeneration from haploid cell suspension-derived protoplasts of mediterranean rice (oryza sativa l. cv. miara).	more than 750 plants were regenerated from protoplasts isolated from microspore callus-derived cell suspensions of the mediterranean japonica rice miara, using a nurse-feeder technique and n6-based culture medium. the mean plating efficiency and the mean regeneration ability of the protocalluses were 0.5% and 49% respectively. flow cytometric evaluation of the dna contents of 7 month old-cell and protoplast suspensions showed that they were still haploid. contrastingly, the dna contents of leaf ...	1992	24213364
identification of specific proteins from seed embryos by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for the discrimination between indica and japonica rice.	proteins extracted from seed embryos of 29 different cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.) and one wild rice (o. rufipogon griff.) were compared by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis. among more than 300 protein spots on the gel we found some interesting variations in ten spots which were individually designated as proteins a-j. protein e was observed in all indica cultivars but was not found in those of the subspecies japonica. in contrast, protein f was only detected in japonica cultivar ...	1992	24201498
genetic diversity and differentiation of indica and japonica rice detected by rflp analysis.	genetic diversity and differentiation in indica and japonica groups of the cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.) were studied by assaying dna restriction fragment length polymorphisms of 12 indica and 14 japonica rice lines digested with three restriction endonucleases. a total of 49 probes were selected to represent the entire rflp map at intervals of 20-30 cm. it was shown that 95 of the 145 possible probe/enzyme combinations, involving 43 probes and all three enzymes, detected restriction fragmen ...	1992	24202597
enigmatic double-stranded rna in japonica rice.	we have found a linear, 16 kb, double-stranded rna (dsrna) in symptomless japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) that is not found in indica rice (oryza sativa l.). the dsrna was detected in every tissue and at every developmental stage, and its copy number was approximately constant (about 20 copies/cell). double-stranded rna was also detected in two strains of oryza rufipogon (an ancestor of o. sativa). hybridization experiments indicated that the dsrna of o. rufipogon was homologous but not identica ...	1993	8490131
steroidal alkaloid toxicity to fish embryos.	embryos of two species of fish were evaluated for their suitability as model systems for steroidal alkaloid toxicity, the japanese rice fish, medaka (oryzius latipes) and the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). additionally, the equine neurotoxic sesquiterpene lactone repin, was also tested. a probit program was used to evaluate the ec1, ec50 and ec99 as well as the associated confidence limits. the steroidal alkaloids tested were the solanum potato glycoalkaloids alpha-chaconine, alpha-solanin ...	1993	8430437
insect resistant rice generated by introduction of a modified delta-endotoxin gene of bacillus thuringiensis.	as a first step towards development of insect resistant rice we have introduced a truncated delta-endotoxin gene, cryia(b) of bacillus thuringiensis (b.t.) which has specific biological activity against lepidopteran insects into a japonica rice. to highly express the cryia(b) gene in rice the coding sequence was extensively modified based on the codon usage of rice genes. transgenic plants efficiently expressed the modified cryia(b) gene at both mrna and protein levels. bioassays using r2 genera ...	1993	7764096
efficient transformation of rice (oryza sativa l.) mediated by agrobacterium and sequence analysis of the boundaries of the t-dna.	a large number of morphologically normal, fertile, transgenic rice plants were obtained by co-cultivation of rice tissues with agrobacterium tumefaciens. the efficiency of transformation was similar to that obtained by the methods used routinely for transformation of dicotyledons with the bacterium. stable integration, expression and inheritance of transgenes were demonstrated by molecular and genetic analysis of transformants in the r0, r1 and r2 generations. sequence analysis revealed that the ...	1994	7920717
rflp mapping of genes conferring complete and partial resistance to blast in a durably resistant rice cultivar.	moroberekan, a japonica rice cultivar with durable resistance to blast disease in asia, was crossed to the highly susceptible indica cultivar, co39, and 281 f7 recombinant inbred (ri) lines were produced by single seed descent. the population was evaluated for blast resistance in the greenhouse and the field, and was analyzed with 127 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers. two dominant loci associated with qualitative resistance to five isolates of the fungus were tentatively n ...	1994	7912216
physical mapping of the 5s ribosomal rna genes on rice chromosome 11.	one 5s ribosomal rna gene (5s rdna) locus was localized on chromosome 11 of japonica rice by in situ hybridization. the biotinylated dna probe used was prepared by direct cloning and direct labeling methods, and the locus was localized to the proximal region of the short arm of chromosome 11 (11p1.1) by imaging methods. the distance between the signal site and the centromere is 4.0 arbitrary units, where the total length of the short arm is 43.3 units. the 5srdna locus physically identified and ...	1994	7816019
partial desiccation of mature embryo-derived calli, a simple treatment that dramatically enhances the regeneration ability of indica rice.	regeneration of indica rice varieties remains a limiting factor for researchers undertaking rice iransformation experiments. as reported for japonica rice and other crops, partial desiccation of indica rice calli dramatically promotes organogenesis and leads to high regeneration ability. we are now able to obtain 66.5%, 61.1% and 73.7% of calli that regenerate plants for the indica varieties tn1, ir72 and ir64 whereas in non desiccated controls only 30.0%, 15.5% and 18.7% of calli regenerated, r ...	1994	24196246
mapping of sequence-tagged sites in rice by single strand conformation polymorphism.	the conditions for efficient single-strand conformation polymorphism (sscp) detection were examined for its application to mapping of dna regions in the rice genome. temperature for electrophoresis and glycerol concentrations in gel affected sscp patterns significantly. the optimal detection conditions for sscp also depends on the nucleotide sequences of fragments analyzed. fragments over 300 bp show complicated patterns depending on their nucleotide sequences and were not suitable for sscp anal ...	1994	7719922
comparative analysis of microsatellite dna polymorphism in landraces and cultivars of rice.	genetic polymorphisms of ten microsatellite dna loci were examined among 238 accessions of landraces and cultivars that represent a significant portion of the distribution range for both indica and japonica groups of cultivated rice. in all, 93 alleles were identified with these ten markers. the number of alleles varied from a low of 3 or 4 at each of four loci, to an intermediate value of 9-14 at five loci, and to an extraordinarily high 25 at one locus. the numbers of alleles per locus are muc ...	1994	7816026
alcohol consumption and insomnia in a sample of japanese alcoholics.	the amount of ethanol consumed by chronic alcoholics in a japanese slum area with persistent insomnia (n = 40) and those without it (n = 40) was compared using a questionnaire. for both groups, the present habitual consumption (phc) of ethanol per day was most frequently between 60 g and 150 g and no difference was observed between the two groups. in contrast, the maximum habitual consumption (mhc) of ethanol per day throughout the alcoholic history was found to be greater for the insomnia patie ...	1994	8044125
alcohol and coronary spasm.	alcohol is known to sometimes cause coronary spasm, the mechanism of which is still unknown. the authors monitored changes in plasma levels of prostanoids (thromboxane [tx b2], 6-keto prostaglandin f1 alpha [pgf1 alpha]), catecholamines (ca), serotonin (5-ht), cyclic nucleotides (cyclic adenosine monophosphate--camp, cyclic guanosine monophosphate--cgmp), and platelet aggregation after alcohol ingestion (japanese rice wine 400 ml) in 8 patients with alcohol-induced variant angina and 8 healthy m ...	1994	8129199
genetic diagnosis of cytoplasmic male sterile cybrid plants of rice.	twelve japanese rice cultivars were converted to cms by asymmetric protoplast fusion with mtc-5a, the cytoplasm of which was derived from an indica rice, chinsurah boro ii. with the exception of the cybrids that had a nucleus from hoshiyutaka, most of these cybrid plants were sterile. the unique sequence downstream from the mitochondrial atp6 of mtc-5a was specifically amplified in the sterile cybrid plants by pcr. all progenies of the cybrid plants carrying this unique sequence were sterile. on ...	1995	24173048
an improved procedure for plant regeneration from indica and japonica rice protoplasts.	plant regeneration from protoplasts of two commercially cultivated indian indica rice varieties, pusa basmati 1 and java, has been accomplished by plating embryogenic cell suspension-derived protoplasts on the surface of filter membranes overlying agarose-embedded feeder cells of lolium multltiflorum and oryza ridleyi, combined with the use of a maltose-containing shoot regeneration medium. embryogenic cell suspension cultures of pusa basmati 1 and jaya were initiated from mature seed scutellum- ...	1995	24185523
stimulatory effect of water stress on plant regeneration in aromatic indica rice varieties.	frequency of regeneration of fertile plants from cell suspensions was significantly increased using water stress treatments in two commercially cultivated indian aromatic rice varieties, basmati 385 and pusa basmati 1. the water stress treatments included the use of 1.0% (w/v) agarose instead of 0.5% (w/v) for medium solidification, inclusion of mannitol (0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 m) in regeneration medium, or 24 h partial desiccation of calli. when the agarose concentration of the regeneration medium wa ...	1996	24178428
molecular mapping of quantitative trait loci in japonica rice.	rice (oryza sativa l.) molecular maps have previously been constructed using interspecific crosses or crosses between the two major subspecies: indica and japonica. for japonica breeding programs, however, it would be more suitable to use intrasubspecific crosses. a linkage map of 129 random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and 18 restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) markers was developed using 118 f2 plants derived from a cross between two japonica cultivars with high and low seedlin ...	1996	18469902
two new loci for hybrid sterility in cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.).	female gamete abortion in indica-japonica crosses of rice was earlier identified to be due to an allelic interaction at the s-5 locus on chromosome 6. recently, in other crosses of rice, similar allelic interactions were found at loci designated as s-7 and s-8, located on chromosomes 7 and 6 respectively. all of them are independent of each other. at the s-5 locus, indica and japonica rice have s-5 (i) and s-5 (j) alleles respectively and javanicas, such as ketan nangka, have a neutral allele s- ...	1996	24166167
novel dna probes capable of discriminating indica and japonica rice cultivars.	we obtained two dna clones, g93 (1.6kb) and g318 (1.7kb) from indica rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar culture 340. southern hybridization analysis indicated that both dna probes hybridized with dna of indica cultivars but not with japonica cultivars. some javanica cultivars dnas did not hybridize with these probes. nucleotide sequence (400bp) of a part of g93 showed a 65.8% g + c content. these novel dna probes can be used for the study of evolutional fingerprinting of rice cultivars.	1996	8988367
transgenic plant production mediated by agrobacterium in indica rice.	a reproducible system has been developed for the production of transgenic plants in indica rice using agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer. three-week-old scutella calli served as an excellent starting material. these were infected with an agrobacterium tumefaciens strain eha101 carrying a plasmid pig121hm containing genes for β-glucuronidase (gus) and hygromycin resistnace (hygr). hygromycin (50 mg/l) was used as a selectable agent. inclusion of acetosyringone (50μm) in the agrobacterium suspen ...	1996	24178159
the japanese rice genome research program.		1996	8858341
extraordinarily polymorphic ribosomal dna in wild and cultivated rice.	a collection of 481 rice accessions was surveyed for ribosomal dna (rdna) intergenic spacer length polymorphism to assess the extent of genetic diversity in chinese and asian rice germplasm. the materials included 83 accessions of common wild rice, oryza rufipogon, 75 of which were from china; 348 entries of cultivated rice (oryza sativa), representing almost all the rice growing areas in china; and 50 cultivars from south and east asia. a total of 42 spacer length variants (slvs) were detected. ...	1996	18469959
detection of segregation distortions in an indica-japonica rice cross using a high-resolution molecular map.	we have constructed a high-resolution rice genetic map containing 1383 dna markers covering 1575 cm on the 12 linkage groups of rice using 186 f2 progeny from a cross between a japonica variety, 'nipponbare', and an indica variety, 'kasalath'. using this high-resolution molecular linkage map, we detected segregation distortion in a single wide cross of rice. the frequencies of genotypes for 1181 markers with more than 176 genotype data were plotted along this map to detect segregation distortion ...	1996	24166160
comparative mapping of qtls for agronomic traits of rice across environments using a doubled haploid population.	we report here the rflp mapping of quantitative triat loci (qtls) that affect some important agronomic traits in cultivated rice. an anther culturederived doubled haploid (dh) population was established from a cross between an indica and a japonica rice variety. on the basis of this population a molecular linkage map comprising 137 markers was constructed that covered the rice genome at intervals of 14.8cm on average. interval mapping of the linkage map was used to locate qtls for such important ...	1996	24162532
estimation of the position and effect of a lethal factor locus on a molecular marker linkage map.	in the mapping of dna markers the distortion of segregation of marker genotypes is often observed, which may be caused by a lethal factor acting in filial generations derived from distant crosses. a method is presented for estimating the recombination values between a lethal factor locus and neighboring molecular markers, and the relative viability or fertilization ability of gametes or zygotes affected by the lethal factor in an f2 population using the maximum likelihood method and the expectat ...	1996	24162340
molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance in indica and japonica rice.	an essential assumption underlying markerbased prediction of hybrid performance is a strong linear correlation between molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance or heterosis. this study was intended to investigate the extent of the correlations between molecular marker heterozygosity and hybrid performance in crosses involving two sets of rice materials, 9 indica and 11 japonica varieties. these materials represent a broad spectrum of the cultivated rice gene pool including landrace ...	1996	24162533
characterization and genetic mapping of simple sequence repeats in the rice genome.	we searched partial sequences of over 22,706 rice cdna and 1220 genomic dna clones to find and characterize simple sequence repeats (ssrs) in the rice genome. the most frequently found repeated ssr motif in both cdna and genomic dna sequences was d(ccg/cgg)n. the second most frequently found ssr was d(ag/ct)n. in contrast with mammalian genomes, in which d(ac/gt)n sequences are the most abundant, d(ag/gt)n sequences were not frequently observed in rice. sequences containing d(ccg/cgg)n, d(ag/ct) ...	1996	8946163
stringently and developmentally regulated levels of a cytoplasmic double-stranded rna and its high-efficiency transmission via egg and pollen in rice.	a very restricted amount of high-molecular-weight double-stranded rna (dsrna) has been found in healthy japonica rice plants. we discriminated dsrna-carrying rice plants from noncarriers. the endogenous dsrna was localized in the cytoplasm (about 100 copies per cell) and was transmissible to progeny plants by mating. in crosses between carriers and noncarriers, the rna was transmitted efficiently to f1 plants via both egg and pollen. the rice dsrna was maintained at an almost constant level by h ...	1996	8806402
transgenic rice plants harboring an introduced potato proteinase inhibitor ii gene are insect resistant.	we introduced the potato proteinase inhibitor ii (pinii) gene (pin2) into several japonica rice varieties, and regenerated a large number of transgenic rice plants. wound-inducible expression of the pin2 gene driven by its own promoter, together with the first intron of the rice actin 1 gene (act1), resulted in high-level accumulation of the pinii protein in the transgenic plants. the introduced pin2 gene was stably inherited in the second, third, and fourth generations, as shown by molecular an ...	1996	9630927
comparative mapping of qtls for agronomic traits of rice across environments by using a doubled-haploid population.	we report here the rflp mapping of quantitative trait loci (qtls) which affect some important agronomic traits in cultivated rice. an anther culture-derived doubled-haploid (dh) population was established from a cross between indica and japonica rice varieties. a molecular linkage map comprising 137 markers was constructed based on this population which covered the rice genome at intervals of 14.8 cm on average. the linkage map was used to locate qtls for such important agronomic traits as headi ...	1997	19352757
structure, chromosomal location and expression of a rice gene encoding the microsome omega-3 fatty acid desaturase.	the omega-3 fatty acid desaturases are membrane-bound enzymes catalyzing the conversion of linoleic acid to linolenic acid in lipids, and are located both in the microsome and plastid envelopes as two different isoforms. a cdna encoding the microsome omega-3 fatty acid desaturase (osfad3) and the corresponding genomic clone were isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.). the osfad3 gene was composed of 8 exons and 7 introns. a microsatellite was present in the second exon of the osfad3 gene, showing ...	1997	9049269
agrobacterium-mediated transformation of élite indica and japonica rice cultivars.	a rapid, efficient, routine system has been established for agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated production of hundreds of fertile transgenic plants from commercially important rice cultivars, including an indica cultivar, pusa basmati 1. calli induced from embryos of mature rice seeds were cocultivated with a. tumefaciens strain lba4404 carrying the plasmid ptok233, then exposed to hygromycin selection followed by an efficient regeneration system. based on the total number of calli co-cultivated, ...	1997	9438257
rice genetic resources: history, conservation, investigative characterization and use in japan.	rice has been grown in japan for about 3000 years. although both japonica and indica varieties have been grown in japan, now japonica rices are grown. japanese rice breeding has used an ecological breeding approach. while emphasis in rice breeding in the 1940's and 1950's focussed on yield in recent decades quality has been of major importance. consumer preference and name recognition of high quality varieties, such as koshihikari, has resulted in slow acceptance of new varieties. rice germplasm ...	1997	9291961
origin, dispersal, cultivation and variation of rice.	there are two cultivated and twenty-one wild species of genus oryza. o. sativa, the asian cultivated rice is grown all over the world. the african cultivated rice, o. glaberrima is grown on a small scale in west africa. the genus oryza probably originated about 130 million years ago in gondwanaland and different species got distributed into different continents with the breakup of gondwanaland. the cultivated species originated from a common ancestor with aa genome. perennial and annual ancestor ...	1997	9291957
synergistic enhancement of the postthaw growth of cryopreserved rice cells by oxygenated perfluorocarbon and pluronic f-68	the beneficial effects were assessed of supplementing culture medium with oxygenated perfluorocarbon, both alone and in combination with 0.01 (w/v) pluronic f-68, on the postthaw viability, following cryopreservation, of suspension cultured cells of the japonica rice, oryza sativa cv. taipei 309. the mean viability, as assessed by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride reduction, of cells at 4 days after thawing was increased 20% over control by oxygenated perfluorodecalin (p < 0.05) in 100-ml glass jar ...	1997	9367608
transgenic rice (oryza sativa) endosperm expressing daffodil (narcissus pseudonarcissus) phytoene synthase accumulates phytoene, a key intermediate of provitamin a biosynthesis.	rice (oryza sativa l.), the major food staple for more than two billion people, contains neither beta-carotene (provitamin a) nor c40 carotenoid precursors thereof in its endosperm. to improve the nutritional value of rice, genetic engineering was chosen as a means to introduce the ability to make beta-carotene into rice endosperm tissue. investigation of the biochemical properties of immature rice endosperm using [14c]-labelled substrates revealed the presence of geranyl geranyl diphosphate, th ...	1997	9193076
characteristics of genetic variation in the progenies of protoplast-derived plants of rice, oryza sativa cv nipponbare.	genetic variation in protoplast-derived rice (oryza sativa l.) plants was characterized using first and second generation selfed progenies. a total of 133 regenerated plants were obtained from ten protoplasts of the japonica rice cultivar nipponbare. sixty two regenerated plants which set enough seeds for the subsequent field tests at the next generation and were derived from five protoplasts were selected, and their selfed seeds were used as the first selfed-seed progeny (pt(1) generation). fif ...	1997	19352738
[genetic analysis on a new sterile locus discovered in hybrids between indica and japonica rice (oryza sativa l.)].	japonica line 02428, possessing wide compatibility gene s-5n, showed semi-sterility as crossed with indica variety ir24. genetic analysis was conducted on the spikelet fertility in segregation generations from the crosses of 02428 with ir24, pecos and akihikara. the results indicated that the sterility in hybrids between 02428 and ir24 was controlled by a single non-allelic to s-5 gene and its inheritance fitted to one-locus sporo-gametophytic interaction model. pecos, an american variety, has a ...	1998	9800438
enhanced post-thaw viability of cryopreserved cells by oxygenated perfluorocarbon or pluronic f-68.	viability and growth following cryopreservation have been examined following (i) culture of oryza sativa cv. taipei 309 (japonica rice) in medium overlaying oxygenated perfluorocarbon (pfc) liquid (flutec pp6), and (ii) culture of two cvs. of japonica rice (taipei 309, tarom), and lolium multiflorum in media with pluronic f-68 (0.01-0.2% w/v). the mean viability of cv. taipei 309 rice cells following 4 days in medium overlaying oxygenated flutec (0.45 +/- 0.07; n = 20) was significantly (p < 0.0 ...	1998	9507754
differentiation and classification of parental lines and favorable genic interactions affecting f1 fertility in distant crosses of rice (oryza sativa l.).	this study was intended to investigate the extent of genetic differentiation in parental lines of rice hybrids and to analyze the genetic basis underlying the fertility phenomenon in distant crosses. two subsets of rice material (111 entries in total) were used, including 81 doubled-haploid (dh) lines and 30 indica and japonica rice varieties or lines (as a control). the dh lines was derived from a heterotic indica/japonica cross (gui630/02428) by anther culture. the materials in the control rep ...	1998	24710893
inheritance and mapping of embryo sac abortion in hybrid between indica and japonica rice (oryza sativa l.).	a doubled haploid (dh) population derived from anther culture of f(1)'s between an indica var. zhai-ye-qing 8 and a japonica var. jing-xi17 as well as two backcross populations derived from this dh population were used to investigate inheritance of the embryo sac abortion at early megagametogenesis occurring in indica/japonica rice crosses. two major loci, dominant and complementaryesa-1 andesa-2, located on chromosomes 6 and 12 respectively, were detected. genetic analysis indicated that embryo ...	1998	18425633
nucleotide sequence, genetic organization and expression strategy of the double-stranded rna associated with the '447' cytoplasmic male sterility trait in vicia faba.	the entire nucleotide sequence of the double-stranded (ds) rna associated with the unconventional '447' cytoplasmic male sterility (cms) trait in vicia faba was determined from overlapping cdna clones and by rt-pcr. confirming previous observations, it was found that the negative-strand was continuous and 17,635 nt long, while the positive-strand featured an interruption, probably a nick, that could potentially define two subgenomic rnas of 2735 nt and 14,900 nt, with the smaller rna being locat ...	1998	9780039
identification of a new resistance gene to a chinese blast fungus isolate in the japanese rice cultivar aichi asahi.	abstract genetic analysis of the rice cultivar aichi asahi and some other japanese cultivars for the high resistance to the blast fungus isolate chnos58-3-1 from china was performed. all the japanese differential cultivars were resistant to the isolate except for 'pi no. 4', which showed moderate resistance. analysis of the f(2) population of a cross of the susceptible cultivar reiho and the resistant cultivar aichi asahi indicated that the resistance of 'aichi asahi' to the isolate was conferre ...	1998	18944889
genomic organization of the 260 kb surrounding the waxy locus in a japonica rice	the present study was carried out to characterize the molecular organization in the vicinity of the waxy locus in rice. to determine the structural organization of the region surrounding waxy, contiguous clones covering a total of 260 kb were constructed using a bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) library from the shimokita variety of japonica rice. this map also contains 200 overlapping subclones, which allowed construction of a fine physical map with a total of 64 hindiii sites. during the c ...	1999	10659779
enhanced resistance to blast (magnaporthe grisea) in transgenic japonica rice by constitutive expression of rice chitinase.	rice blast is the most devastating plant disease in japan. our goal is to create new rice varieties which show enhanced resistance against blast, regardless of the race of blast. by an agrobacterium-mediated transformation method, we reintroduced a rice class-i chitinase gene, cht-2 or cht-3, under the control of the enhanced camv 35s promoter and a hygromycin phosphotransferase gene, as a selection marker into the japonica rice varieties nipponbare and koshihikari, which have retained the best ...	1999	22665169
[biological actions of acetaldehyde].	acetaldehyde (ach), the first metabolite of ethanol (etoh), is a chemically reactive and pharmacologically active compound. the author has been engaged in the study of ach in cooperation with many researchers for three decades. we have found many biological actions of ach which cause cardiovascular symptoms after drinking and also inhibited etoh absorption via the canine and rat intestinal tract. this report covers the following five points. 1. the subjects were classified into a non-flushing gr ...	1999	10723960
purification, characterization, and application of an acid urease from arthrobacter mobilis.	it has been shown that urea in fermented beverages and foods can serve as a precursor of ethylcarbamate, a potential carcinogen, and acid urease is an effective agent for removing urea in such products. we describe herein the purification and characterization of a novel acid urease from arthrobacter mobilis sam 0752 and show its unique application for the removal of urea from fermented beverages using the japanese rice wine, sake, as an example. the purified acid urease showed an optimum ph for ...	1999	10194859
molecular characterization of two endogenous double-stranded rnas in rice and their inheritance by interspecific hybrids.	we completely sequenced 13,936 nucleotides (nt) of a double-stranded rna (dsrna) of wild rice (w-dsrna). a single long open reading frame (13,719 nt) containing the conserved motifs of rna-dependent rna polymerase and rna helicase was located in the coding strand. the identity between entire nucleotide sequence of w-dsrna and that of the dsrna of temperate japonica rice (j-dsrna, 13,952 nt) was 75.5%. a site-specific discontinuity (nick) was identified at nt 1,197 from the 5' end of the coding s ...	1999	10066741
purification, characterization, and cdna structure of isoamylase from developing endosperm of rice.	isoamylase (ec 3.2.1.68) in rice (oryza sativa l.) was efficiently purified within a day to homogeneity, as confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page), from developing endosperm by sequential use of q sepharose hp anion-exchange chromatography, ammonium sulfate fractionation, and tskgel g4000swxl and g3000swxl gel filtration chromatography. although the protein exhibited a molecular size of ca. 83 kda on sds-page, the apparent size of the native enzyme was ...	1999	10333591
unusual inheritance of evolutionarily-related double-stranded rnas in interspecific hybrid between rice plants oryza sativa and oryza rufipogon.	endogenous, 14 kb double-stranded rnas (dsrnas) have been found in two ecospecies of cultivated rice (temperate japonica rice and tropical japonica rice, oryza sativa l.) and in wild rice (o. rufipogon, an ancestor of o. sativa). a comparison of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of the core regions of the rna-dependent rna polymerase domains found in these three dsrnas suggested that these dsrnas probably evolved independently within each host plant from a common ancestor. these ds ...	1999	10380800
effect of gene disruptions of the tca cycle on production of succinic acid in saccharomyces cerevisiae.	succinate is the main taste component produced by yeasts during sake (japanese rice wine) fermentation. the pathway leading to accumulation of succinate was examined in liquid culture in the presence of a high concentration (15%) of glucose under aerobic and anaerobic conditions using a series of saccharomyces cerevisiae strains in which various genes that encode the expression of enzymes required in tca cycle were disrupted. when cultured in ypd medium containing 15% glucose under aerobic condi ...	1999	16232421
near immunity to rice tungro spherical virus achieved in rice by a replicase-mediated resistance strategy.	abstract rice tungro disease is caused by rice tungro bacilliform virus (rtbv), which is responsible for the symptoms, and rice tungro spherical virus (rtsv), which assists transmission of both viruses by leafhoppers. transgenic japonica rice plants (oryza sativa) were produced containing the rtsv replicase (rep) gene in the sense or antisense orientation. over 70% of the plants contained one to five copies of the rep gene, with integration occurring at a single locus in most cases. plants produ ...	1999	18944657
comparative composition of brown rice lipids (lipid fractions) of indica and japonica rices.	the brown rice lipids were analyzed from three japonica and two indica rices. they had substantially no difference in the ratio of nl, gl, and pl, the c16/c18 (16:0/the sum of 18:0, 18:1, 18:2, and 18:3) ratio in pl classes, and in the order of unsaturated index in each glycerolipid class among the five varieties. however, the chemical compositions of glyceroglycolipids and cerebroside were different in indica and japonica rices. the contents of 18:3 of mgdg and dgdg were higher in japonica than ...	1999	27389098
[development and prospect of plant mutation breeding induced by aviation and spaceflight in china].	since 1987, about fifty species, three hundred varieties of crops have been sent in recoverable satellites or high altitude balloon (hab). the selected lines include a high-yield, disease-resist, and hybrid-vigorous rice line, a recovered line of japonica rice restoring sterility of indica rice, a new green pepper strain which grows fruits over 500 g, a disease-resist, high-quality tomato line, a big-pod rape line, a big-fruit white lotus line and a big-bulb lily. the special conditions in the o ...	1999	12434817
thermal and physicochemical properties of rice grain, flour and starch.	three types of rices, namely, thailand rice (indica), nipponbare (japonica), and himenomochi (japonica waxy), in grain, flour, and starch forms have been studied for their thermal and physicochemical properties. in grain form, indica was slender and japonica rices were bold and thick. indica had the highest protein and amylose equivalent. protein contents in isolated starches varied from 0.2 to 0.9%. cooked indica grain was hardest and waxy rice was softest; stickiness was highest in japonica ri ...	2000	10898601
identification of heading date quantitative trait locus hd6 and characterization of its epistatic interactions with hd2 in rice using advanced backcross progeny.	a backcrossed population (bc(4)f(2)) derived from a cross between a japonica rice variety, nipponbare, as the recurrent parent and an indica rice variety, kasalath, as the donor parent showed a long-range variation in days to heading. quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis revealed that two qtl, one on chromosome 3, designated hd6, and another on chromosome 2, designated hd7, were involved in this variation; and hd6 was precisely mapped as a single mendelian factor by using progeny testing (bc(4 ...	2000	10655238
photosynthesis and translocation of assimilates in rice plants following phloem feeding by the planthopper nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae).	experiments were conducted to measure the effect of feeding by the planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) on photosynthesis and the translocation of assimilates in rice plants, oryza sativa l. we used mature japonica rice plants and applied the 13co2 feeding method to evaluate those physiological effects. the photosynthetic rate was suppressed by n. lugens infestation, especially at the lower leaf position, with rates 30% lower than that of control plants at the booting stage. leaf nitrogen conce ...	2000	10985030
quantification of total genomic dna and selected repetitive sequences reveals concurrent changes in different dna families in indica and japonica rice.	this paper describes a fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) analysis of three different repetitive sequence families, which were mapped to mitotic metaphase chromosomes and extended dna fibers (edfs) of the two subspecies of rice (oryza sativa), indica and japonica (2n = 2x = 24). the repeat families studied were (1) the tandem repeat sequence a (trsa), a functionally non-significant repeat; (2) the [ttta-ggg]n telomere sequence, a non-transcribed, tandemly repeated but functionally signifi ...	2000	10821172
identification and chromosomal localization of a transcriptionally active retrotransposon of ty3-gypsy type in rice.	a dna fragment representing a transcriptionally active retrotransposon of ty3-gypsy type was isolated and characterized from rice (oryza sativa l.). the fragment (named rire9) includes the coding sequences for the c-terminal part of the rnase h domain and the n-terminal part of the integrase domain in the polyprotein region. northern blot hybridization indicated that this element was expressed in rice leaves and stems, suggesting that it is potentially active to transpose under normal growth con ...	2000	10791831
international rice genome sequencing project: the effort to completely sequence the rice genome.	the international rice genome sequencing project (irgsp) involves researchers from ten countries who are working to completely and accurately sequence the rice genome within a short period. sequencing uses a map-based clone-by-clone shotgun strategy; shared bacterial artificial chromosome/p1-derived artificial chromosome libraries have been constructed from oryza sativa ssp. japonica variety 'nipponbare'. end-sequencing, fingerprinting and marker-aided pcr screening are being used to make sequen ...	2000	10712951
identification of a signal peptide for oryzacystatin-i.	a previously unidentified extension of an open reading frame from the genomic dna of japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) encoding oryzacystatin-i (oc-i; access. m29259, protein id aaa33912.1) has been identified as a 5' gene segment coding for the oc-i signal peptide. the signal peptide appears to direct a pre-protein (spoc-i; accession no. af164378) to the endoplasmic reticulum, where it is processed into the mature form of oc-i. the start codon of spoc-i begins 114 bp upstream from that previously ...	2000	10805458
ribozyme-mediated resistance to rice dwarf virus and the transgene silencing in the progeny of transgenic rice plants.	a hammerhead ribozyme (rz) with long hybridizing arms targeting the mrna of rice dwarf virus (rdv) segment 5 and a mutated nonfunctional ribozyme (mrz) were constructed. as predicted, rz transcribed in vitro cleaved the target mrna of rdv segment 5 into two fragments of 138 and 238 nucleotides in length. the rz and mrz genes were each placed under the control of the camv 35s promoter and used to transform japonica rice variety 'tongling no. 1' via agrobacterium tumefaciens. a total of 32 indepen ...	2000	11032368
identification of alpha-d-glucosylglycerol in sake.	alpha-d-glucosylglycerol (gg) was found for the first time in sake (japanese rice wine) in an amount of about 0.5%. gg was also found in miso and mirin which had been brewed by using koji. gg was hydrolyzed into glucose and glycerol in an equimolar ratio with maltase (ec 3.2.1.20, alpha-glucosidase from yeast), but not with emulsin (ec 3.2.1.21, beta-glucosidase from almond). the retention times and mass spectra of trimethylsilyl derivatives by a gc-ms analysis of gg in sake were comparable to t ...	2000	10737196
effect of spikelet position on rice anther culture efficiency.	the potential of anthers from different parts of the panicle to induce callus was investigated with the japonica rice variety taipei 309. the results showed that the callusing abilities of anthers from different spikelet positions were significantly different. after plating 4483, 4496, 4348 anthers from the basal, middle and top parts, the percentage of anthers forming calli was 20% in the basal part, 12% in the middle part and 8% in the top part. the anthers of basal parts containing pollen at ...	2000	10717321
uv radiation-sensitive norin 1 rice contains defective cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photolyase.	norin 1, a progenitor of many economically important japanese rice strains, is highly sensitive to the damaging effects of uvb radiation (wavelengths 290 to 320 nm). norin 1 seedlings are deficient in photorepair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers. however, the molecular origin of this deficiency was not known and, because rice photolyase genes have not been cloned and sequenced, could not be determined by examining photolyase structural genes or upstream regulatory elements for mutations. we ther ...	2000	11006332
[isolation and cytological identification of a desynaptic variant in rice].	a sterile variant was found from the population of a japonica rice variety lunhui 422. cytological investigation was conducted in meiosis. it is showed that the sterility was caused by desynapsis. as there were 8.69 bivalents in average occurred to be desynaptic, moreover, the most number of the desynaptic bivalents reached 12 at post diakinsis. it can be considered that the desynaptic variation is a complete desynapsis found in rice so far.	2000	10979187
dull: rice mutants with tissue-specific effects on the splicing of the waxy pre-mrna.	in the endosperm of japonica rice, du-1 and du-2 mutations cause the reduction of amylose contents. it was previously shown that the wx(b) allele of rice, which is predominantly distributed in japonica rice, has a mutation in the 5' splice site of intron 1 resulting in the creation of two weak 5' splice sites within exon 1. in du-1 and du-2 mutants, spliced wx(b) transcripts were highly reduced, whereas the processing of transcripts derived from three other genes highly expressed in endosperm wa ...	2000	10972871
[stable inheritance of hpt gene in transgenic rice plants mediated by biolistic bombardment].	japonica rice cv 77170 was transformed with pbi222 carrying hygromycin phosphotransferase gene (hpt) by using biolistic bombardment and fertile transgenic rice plants were obtained. in t1 and most t2 generation the performance of hygromycin resistance was normal. only in t2 progeny of sg-15 some lines showed decreased resistance. mendelian inheritance of hygromycin resistance was showed as single dominant locus and proved by southern blotting analysis in t1 and t2 generation of all transgenic pl ...	2000	10883536
genetic analysis of morphological index and its related taxonomic traits for classification of indica/japonica rice.	a doubled haploid population derived from anther culture of zyq8/jx17 f(1), a typical indica and japonica hybrid, was used in this study. morphological index and its related taxonomic traits were investigated in 121 dh lines. the quantitative trait loci (qtls) for morphological index and its related taxonomic traits were analyzed. two major qtls for leaf hairiness, three qtls for length/width of grain, one qtl for color of hull when heading, one qtl for hairiness of hull, two qtls for length of ...	2000	18726363
[the factors of improving rice transformation efficiency].	the factors influencing the rice transformation frequency have been investigated by using 8 indica and japonica rice cultivars during the transformation procedures, such as induction of calli, selection, and regeneration. the following is the results: the immature embryos were pretreated in 4 degrees c for 4 or 7 days before inoculation, and the regeneration frequency of calli would be increased. high osmotic treatment may increase the possibility of transformation, especially for calli of 6 mon ...	2001	11695265
establishment of a new cross of the rice blast fungus derived from japanese differential strain ina168 and hermaphroditic rice pathogen guy11.	mating experiments between magnaporthe grisea japanese rice pathogens and guy11, a hermaphroditic fertile rice pathogen, were done aimed at identification of avirulence genes. a cross named cross 2107 with thirty-six random progenies was obtained. segregation analyses of genetic markers found that the cross was less suitable for genetic analysis. backcrosses with cross 2107 progenies and guy11 were done and another cross named cross 5307 with sixty-five progenies was obtained. a locus controllin ...	2001	11515527
identification of yac clones containing the mutable slender glume locus slg in rice (oryza sativa l.).	a mutable slender glume gene slg, which often reverts to the wild-type state, was induced by gamma-ray irradiation of seeds of the japonica rice cultivar 'gimbozu'. the final goal was to understand whether the slender glume mutation was associated with the insertion of a transposable element, utilizing map-based cloning techniques. the rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis revealed that the slg locus was located between two rflp loci, xnpb33 and r1440, on chromosome 7 with rec ...	2001	11269342
characterization of acetic acid bacteria in traditional acetic acid fermentation of rice vinegar (komesu) and unpolished rice vinegar (kurosu) produced in japan.	bacterial strains were isolated from samples of japanese rice vinegar (komesu) and unpolished rice vinegar (kurosu) fermented by the traditional static method. fermentations have never been inoculated with a pure culture since they were started in 1907. a total of 178 isolates were divided into groups a and b on the basis of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-pcr and random amplified polymorphic dna fingerprinting analyses. the 16s ribosomal dna sequences of strains belonging to eac ...	2001	11157275