Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| antioxidant capacity develops with maturation in the deep-diving hooded seal. | maturation in hooded seals is characterized by the rapid development of their physiological diving capacity and is accompanied by increases in oxidant production but not oxidative damage. to test the hypothesis that the antioxidant system of hooded seals develops as they transition from a terrestrial to an aquatic environment, we obtained the complete cdna sequence that encodes the nf-e2-related factor 2 (nrf2), a central regulator of the antioxidant response, and compared nrf2 mrna and protein ... | 0 | 21832133 |
| the 'hood' of the hooded seal, cystophora cristata. | 1884 | 17751166 | |
| [the larynx of the hood seal (cystophora cristata erxleben 1777). a further contribution to the comparative anatomy of the seal larynx]. | 1963 | 13992179 | |
| underwater sounds of pinnipeds. | descriptions and analyses are presented of underwater sounds made by six species of seals in captivity, zalophus californianus, phoca vitulina, p. (pusa) hispida, p. (pagophilus) groenlandica, halichoerus grypus, and cystophora cristata. the suitability of these very faint sounds for echolocation is discussed. | 1963 | 17742884 |
| the respiratory properties of the blood of the bladdernose seal (cystophora cristata). | 1969 | 5809093 | |
| some morphological characteristics of dipetalonema spirocauda leidy, 1858, isolated from the hooded seal, cystophora cristata erxleben 1777. | 1973 | 4734545 | |
| the effect of hypercapnia on respiratory characteristics and diving behaviour of freely diving seals. | three trained young seals, one harp seal, pagophilus groenlandicus, and two hooded seals, cystophora cristata, have been used to study the effect of hypercapnia on respiratory characteristics and diving behaviour. the seals were allowed free movements within a circular pool, while diving and respiratory behaviour were recorded. during the experiments the alveolar co2 tension was continually recorded. there was a significant decrease in duration of dives with increasing paco2 for all animals. ve ... | 1976 | 935697 |
| hypoxia in freely diving hooded seal, cystophora cristata. | 1976 | 9243 | |
| narcotics in hooded seals (cystophora cristata): a preliminary report. | 1979 | 519554 | |
| electrophoretic variation in large mammals. iii. the ringed seal, pusa hispida, the harp seal, pagophilus groenlandicus, and the hooded seal, cystophora cristata. | 1982 | 7129942 | |
| effects of suckling and the postsuckling fast on weights of the body and internal organs of harp and hooded seal pups. | the weights of harp seal pups quadruple during 13 days of suckling while hooded seal pups double in weight in a lactation period of just 4 days. pups of both species then fast for a month or longer. as a first measure of tissue responses to this 'feast and famine' pattern, we weighted the body, sculp (blubber and attached skin), core (carcass including viscera) and major internal organs of seal pups at birth, at the end of suckling, and at the end of the fast. when expressed as a percentage of b ... | 1989 | 2605282 |
| distributional pattern of zinc, cadmium, mercury, and selenium in livers of hooded seal (cystophora cristata). | the liver of hooded seal (cystophora cristata) consists of six lobes of unequal sizes. extensive sampling by means of cutout samples covering the depth horizon 2-30 mm below liver surface indicates that the liver may be considered homogeneous as to concentrations of zinc, cadmium, mercury, and selenium (residuals of overall mean compatible with normality, the all-organ variance negligibly in excess of within-lobe variance). mercury and selenium are present in equimolar concentrations. cutout sam ... | 1990 | 1702660 |
| genetic evidence for three species within pseudoterranova decipiens (nematoda, ascaridida, ascaridoidea) in the north atlantic and norwegian and barents seas. | genetic variation of 1017 specimens of codworm, pseudoterranova decipiens, collected from fish and seals at 23 sampling locations in the north atlantic and norwegian and barents seas, was analysed on the basis of 16 enzyme loci. three reproductively isolated species, provisionally designated p. decipiens a, b and c, were detected, showing distinct alleles at the following loci: mdh-1, 6pgdh, np, pgm, est-2 (between species a and b); mdh-3, 6pgdh, np, sod-1, adk, pgm, est-2, mpi (between a and c) ... | 1991 | 1869354 |
| adrenergic vasomotor responses in nasal mucosa of hooded seals. | in seals respiratory heat and water losses are restricted through nasal heat exchange. the heat exchange efficiency is apparently controlled through adjustments in the nasal mucosal blood flow rate and/or pattern. in this study the adrenergic mechanisms involved in regulation of mucosal blood flow were investigated. the nasal mucosal vasculature of 14 newly killed hooded seal (cystophora cristata) pups was perfused by a constant-flow peristaltic pump with 37 degrees c oxygenated modified krebs s ... | 1992 | 1481941 |
| fatty-acyl esters of retinol (vitamin a) in the liver of the harp seal (phoca groenlandica), hooded seal (cystophora cristata), and california sea lion (zalophus californianus). | the fatty-acid composition of retinyl esters in the livers of two species of phocid seal, the harp seal (phoca groenlandica, n = 20) and the hooded seal (cystophora cristata, n = 15), and one species of otariid seal, the california sea lion (zalophus californianus, n = 6), was determined. vitamin a ranged in concentration from 4 to 1024 nmol retinol/g liver for the phocids and from 381 to 979 nmol/g liver for the otariids. in most of the livers, retinyl palmitate was not the principal ester, and ... | 1992 | 1482558 |
| positional specificity of gastric hydrolysis of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids of seal milk triglycerides. | long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 pufa) of marine oils are important dietary components for both infants and adults, and are incorporated into milks following maternal dietary intake. however, little is known about the hydrolysis of these pufa from milk triglycerides (tg) by lipases in suckling young. seals, like humans, possess gastric lipase; however, the milk lipids of seals and sea lions are almost devoid of the readily hydrolyzable medium-chain fatty acids, and are characteriz ... | 1992 | 1491605 |
| paternity exclusion by dna fingerprinting, and mate guarding in the hooded seal cystophora cristata. | hooded seal cystophora cristata trios consist of an adult female, her pup, and an attending adult male. using dna fingerprinting, we excluded the possibility that the attending males within hooded seal trios were the fathers of the pups, proving that these hooded seals did not remain paired from one breeding season to the next. behavioural observations of the trios after capture and release revealed that male hooded seals displace one another in attending nursing females. mate guarding appears t ... | 1994 | 8019687 |
| serological investigation of virus infections in harp seals (phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (cystophora cristata). | 1994 | 8073595 | |
| genetic variation in the hooded seal, cystophora cristata, based on enzyme polymorphism and multi-locus dna fingerprinting. | the genetic population structure of hooded seal, cystophora cristata, was examined by electrophoretic analysis of allozymes and with multilocus dna fingerprinting. samples were collected in the jan mayen area and off newfoundland. allele products were resolved by isoelectric focusing. only five of 32 protein-coding loci investigated were polymorphic at the 95% level. the proportion of polymorphic loci was estimated to p = 0.233, and average heterozygosity to h = 0.047. tissue distribution, genot ... | 1994 | 7876031 |
| chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in arctic marine mammals. | by 1976, the presence of chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants (chcs) had been demonstrated in fur seal (callorhinus ursinus), ringed seal (phoca hispida), hooded seal (cystophora cristata), bearded seal (erignathus barbatus), walrus (obdobenus rosmarus divergens), beluga (delphinapterus leucas), porpoise (phocoena phocoena) and polar bear (ursus maritimus) in various parts of the arctic. in spite of this early interest, very little subsequent research on contaminants in arctic marine mammals was ... | 1994 | 7973601 |
| a molecular view of pinniped relationships with particular emphasis on the true seals. | phylogenetic analysis of conservative nucleotide substitutions in 18 complete sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of phocidae (true seals), odobenidae (walruses), and otariidae (sea lions and fur seals), plus three ursid and three felid sequences, identified the pinnipeds as monophyletic with otariidae and odobenidae on a common evolutionary branch. analysis of total nucleotide differences separated the evolutionary lineages of northern and southern phocids. both lineages are distin ... | 1995 | 7714914 |
| pineal and thyroid functions in newborn seals. | daily variations of pineal and plasma melatonin and plasma thyroid hormones were measured in harp seals (phoca groenlandica), grey seals (halichoerus grypus), and hooded seals (cystophora cristata), ranging in age from newborn to 14 days. in newborn harp seals the mean mass of the pineal gland was 273 mg (+/- 45 sem, n = 11), containing 49 ng (median) melatonin. in newborn, 4- and 10-day-old grey seals, the pineal mass was similar, weighing on average 337 mg (+/- 74, n = 6) and containing 90 ng ... | 1995 | 7628691 |
| venous structures associated with thermoregulation of phocid seal reproductive organs. | seal reproductive systems are surrounded by thermogenic muscle and insulating blubber, suggesting elevated temperatures at the gonads and uterus. in the limbs of terrestrial mammals, cooled blood returning from superficial veins is mixed proximally with warm blood returning from deep veins. thus, mixed cool-superficial and warm-deep venous blood from the hind limbs is returned to the central circulation. | 1995 | 8579259 |
| prenatal and postnatal transfer of fatty acids from mother to pup in the hooded seal. | unlike most mammals, hooded seal (cystophora cristata) pups are born with a substantial layer of adipose tissue. subsequently, during the brief lactation period of only 4 days, fasting mothers mobilize enormous amounts of lipid from blubber and secrete milk (60% fat) at rates of 10 kg.day-1. pups gain 7 kg.day-1 due primarily to the deposition of fat in blubber. we measured blubber content and fatty acid composition of blubber and milk in hooded seal mother-pup pairs at birth and over the 4-day ... | 1995 | 7601954 |
| levels of alpha-hch, lindane, and enantiomeric ratios of alpha-hch in marine mammals from the northern hemisphere. | the enantiomeric ratios of alpha-hch were determined by chiral gas chromatography in blubber of marine mammals from regions of the northern hemisphere (north sea, baltic sea, arctic and iceland). cetaceans (harbour porpoises and white-beaked dolphins) showed a preferential accumulation of (+)-alpha-hch. in blubber of harbour seals, grey seals and harp seals (+)-alpha-hch was also more abundant than (-)-alpha-hch. hooded seals formed an exception with a (+/-) enantiomeric ratio of alpha-hch < 1. | 1995 | 8528649 |
| isolation of brucella species from cetaceans, seals and an otter. | brucella organisms which differed from the recognised species of the genus, were isolated from nine seals, eight cetaceans and one otter. a method is described for the isolation of brucella species from sea mammals and the first isolations of brucella species are recorded from an atlantic white-sided dolphin (lagenorhynchus acutus), two striped dolphins (stenella coeuleoalba), a hooded seal (cystophora cristata), a grey seal (halichoerus grypus) and a european otter (lutra lutra). there were dif ... | 1996 | 8799984 |
| epizootiology of morbillivirus infection in harp, hooded, and ringed seals from the canadian arctic and western atlantic. | using a virus neutralization technique, we found phocine distemper virus (pdv) antibody in 130 (83% of 157) harp seals (phoca groenlandica) from the western north atlantic sampled between 1988 and 1993 inclusive. in contrast, only 44 (24% of 185) hooded seals (cystophora cristata) had antibodies against pdv even though they were sympatric with harp seals and were sampled over a similar period, from 1989 to 1994 inclusive. antibodies occurred in 106 (41%) of 259 ringed seals (phoca hispida); this ... | 1997 | 9027686 |
| temporal trends in antibody production in captive grey, harp and hooded seals to a single administration immunocontraceptive vaccine. | the temporal production of antibody to a single-administration immunocontraceptive vaccine, known to be immunocontraceptive in free-ranging female grey seals (halichoerus grypus), was studied in captive grey seals, harp seals (phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (cystophora cristata). the vaccine is based on liposome delivery of porcine zona pellucida antigens. when measured by antigen capture, the response of hooded and harp seals to the vaccine was similar to the response of grey seals. deter ... | 1997 | 9373858 |
| the use of non destructive biomarkers in the study of marine mammals. | marine mammals have been subject to heavy anthropogenic pressure by direct killing and chemical pollution all over the world. most studies of contamination and biomarker responses in marine mammals have been conducted using animals killed by hunting out of a total of 12 cetacean species studied, 45 of the specimens were obtained by sacrificing the animal; out of a total of eight pinniped species studied, 40 of the specimens were obtained by killing. the development of a series of non destructive ... | 1997 | 23899212 |
| volume capacity and contraction control of the seal spleen. | volume changes in the spleens of hooded seals (cystophora cristata) and harp seals (phoca groenlandica) were measured plethysmographically in vitro in response to epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoprenaline, phentolamine, and acetylcholine. dilated spleens contracted forcefully within 1-3 min of alpha-adrenoceptor activation with 1.0-5.0 micrograms epinephrine/kg body mass, whereas stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors and cholinergic receptors had little effect. the mass of dilated hooded seal spleen ... | 1997 | 9173968 |
| energetics during nursing and early postweaning fasting in hooded seal (cystophora cristata) pups from the gulf of st lawrence, canada. | in this study we measured growth and milk intake and calculated energy intake and its allocation into metabolism and stored tissue for hooded seal (cystophora cristata) pups. in addition, we measured mass loss, change in body composition and metabolic rate during the first days of the postweaning fast. the mean body mass of the hooded seal pups (n = 5) at the start of the experiments, when they were new-born, was 24.3 +/- 1.3 kg (sd). they gained an average of 5.9 +/- 1.1. kg.day-1 of which 19% ... | 1997 | 9120069 |
| what is your diagnosis? blood from an injured female hooded seal. | 1997 | 12658579 | |
| effects of adrenergic and cholinergic drugs on splenic arteries and veins from hooded seals (cystophora cristata). | isolated ring preparations of arteries and veins from hooded seal spleens were subjected in vitro to adrenaline (a), noradrenaline (na), isoprenaline (iso), and acetylcholine (ach), alone or in combination with the blockers phentolamine (phe), propranolol (pro), and atropine (atr). both arteries and veins constricted in response to a (the estimated effective dose required for half-maximal response (ed50) was 3.3 and 0.2 microm, for arteries and veins, respectively) and na (estimated ed50 was 1.5 ... | 1998 | 9773508 |
| serosurvey of toxoplasma gondii in north atlantic marine mammals by the use of agglutination test employing whole tachyzoites and dithiothreitol. | serum samples from north atlantic populations of harp seal, phoca groenlandica (n = 316), ringed seal, phoca hispida (n = 48), hooded seal, cystophora cristata (n = 78), and minke whale, balaenoptera acutorostrata (n = 202), were tested for toxoplasma gondii-specific igg. the modified agglutination test (mat) was slightly modified to be more user-friendly by replacing the 0.2 m 2-mercaptoethanol with 10 mm dithiothreitol. no positive samples were found at 1:40 dilution. | 1998 | 9611681 |
| evidence of brucella infection in marine mammals in the north atlantic ocean. | between 1983 and 1996 a total of 1386 samples of serum were taken from four species of seal and three species of whale in the waters west of iceland, the area of pack-ice north-west of jan mayen, the northern coast of norway and the kola peninsula, the waters west of svalbard, and the barents sea; they were tested for the presence of anti-brucella antibodies with an indirect elisa (protein g conjugate). the positive sera were re-tested with classical brucellosis serological tests, such as the se ... | 1999 | 10378290 |
| fat transfer and energetics during lactation in the hooded seal: the roles of tissue lipoprotein lipase in milk fat secretion and pup blubber deposition. | hooded seals (cystophora cristata) lactate for 3.6 days during which females simultaneously fast and transfer large amounts of energy to their pups through fat-rich milk. pups grow rapidly, principally due to blubber deposition. lipoprotein lipase (lpl), the primary enzyme responsible for tissue uptake of triglyceride fatty acids, may strongly influence both maternal milk fat secretion and pup blubber deposition. we measured the energetic costs of lactation (using hydrogen isotope dilution, 3h2o ... | 1999 | 10549140 |
| experimental evidence of seawater drinking in juvenile hooded (cystophora cristata) and harp seals (phoca groenlandica). | this study was undertaken to measure whether young harp seals (phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (cystophora cristata) drink seawater and, if so, to investigate how the excess salt load is handled. blood and urine samples were collected from hooded seal pups (n = 3) and harp seal pups (n = 3) after 2 weeks of freshwater exposure, at intervals during 3 weeks of seawater exposure and, finally, after 2 weeks of re-exposure to fresh water. total water turnover, as measured by injection of tritiat ... | 2000 | 11083522 |
| trace element levels in harp seal (pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded seal (cystophora cristata) from the greenland sea. a multivariate approach. | concentrations of the essential trace elements, iron, copper, zinc and selenium and the non-essential elements arsenic, cadmium, total mercury and lead, were measured in the meat, liver and kidney of two species of seals, harp seal (pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded seal (cystophora cristata) collected in the greenland sea. the spread among the individual seals was considerable. however, multivariate statistics simplified the evaluation of the data. the muscle tissue contained lower levels of ... | 2000 | 10811256 |
| exostoses and cavernous venous formation in the external auditory canal of the hooded seal as a functional physiological organ. | exostoses of the external auditory canal (eac) develop after protracted mechanical, chemical or thermal irritation in particular. this is a common disorder among aquatic sportsmen and has been considered unique to man. we dissected and photodocumented the eacs of 5 newborn and 3 adult hooded seals (cystophora cristata). serial sections of the eacs were prepared for light microscopic evaluation after staining with haematoxylin-eosin or toluidine blue. all eacs exhibited a firm, broad-based. mount ... | 2000 | 11200588 |
| morbilliviral dermatitis in seals. | a juvenile female hooded seal (cystophora cristata) and a juvenile male harp seal (phoca groenlandica) stranded separately on the new jersey (usa) coast and were taken to a marine mammal rehabilitation center. both were lethargic and emaciated, had dermatitis, and died. histologic skin lesions in the seals were similar and consisted of epidermal and follicular epithelial hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, degeneration, and necrosis. the most distinctive finding was extensive syncytial zones bounded su ... | 2001 | 11732810 |
| chemical characterisation of the oligosaccharides in hooded seal (cystophora cristata) and australian fur seal (arctocephalus pusillus doriferus) milk. | carbohydrates were extracted from hooded seal milk, crystophora cristata (family phocidae). free oligosaccharides were separated by gel filtration and then purified by ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and preparative thin layer or paper chromatography and their structures determined by 1h-nmr. the hooded seal milk was found to contain inositol and at least nine oligosaccharides, most of which had lacto-n-neotetraose or lacto-n-neohexaose as core units, similar to those in milk of othe ... | 2001 | 11207444 |
| tris (4-chlorophenyl) methane and tris (4-chlorophenyl) methanol in marine mammals from the estuary and gulf of st. lawrence. | levels of tris (4-chlorophenyl) methanol (tcpm) and its presumed precursor tris (4-chlorophenyl) methane (tcpme) are reported in marine mammals from the estuary and gulf of st. lawrence, canada. these compounds were measured in blubber samples of seals and whales using ion trap mass spectrometry (ms/ms) detection. detectable concentrations of both tcpm and tcpme were observed in all of the samples analysed. concentrations of these compounds varied with species ranging from 1.7 to 153 and from 1. ... | 2001 | 11202713 |
| melatonin potentiates the vasoconstrictive effect of noradrenaline in renal artery from newborn hooded seals (cystophora cristata) and harp seals (phoca groenlandica). | isometric tension was recorded by force displacement transducers in ring segments of the inferior branch of the renal artery from newborn hooded seals (cystophora cristata, n=6), harp seals (phoca groenlandica, n=3) and domestic pigs (sus scrofa f. domestica, n=5). arterial segments were mounted in heated organ baths and exposed to graded concentrations of noradrenaline (na) and adrenaline (a), alone or together with melatonin. the melatonin concentration in the bath was similar to the plasma co ... | 2001 | 11585261 |
| clostridium perfringens toxin types in hooded seals in the greenland sea, determined by pcr and elisa. | very little is known about the occurrence of clostridium perfringens and of diseases caused by this anaerobic bacterium in marine mammals, especially those that are free-living. during a scientific expedition to the greenland sea (west ice) in spring 1999, faeces samples from 70 hooded seals (cystophora cristata) were taken to isolate c. perfiringens. subsequently, pcr analysis of the isolates was performed with oligonucleotide primers of the genes encoding the four major lethal toxins (alpha, b ... | 2001 | 11846022 |
| how can the hooded seal dive to a depth of 1000 m without rupturing its tympanic membrane? a morphological and functional study. | recent studies using a satellite-linked dive recorder have shown that the hooded seal (cystophora cristata), a common arctic pinniped, can dive to a depth of > 1000 m and stay submerged for close to 1 h. at these depths the water pressure reaches 100 atm, entailing obvious risk of serious damage to the hearing apparatus, mainly the tympanic membrane (tm) and middle ear (me). we dissected and photodocumented the temporal bones of five newborn and three adult hooded seals in order to study the tem ... | 2001 | 11678167 |
| pcbs and ocps in male harbour, grey, harp and hooded seals from the estuary and gulf of st lawrence, canada. | blubber samples from adult male harbour seals (phoca vitulina) from the st lawrence estuary, and from grey (halichoerus grypus), harp (phoca groenlandica) and hooded (cystophora cristata) seals from the gulf of st lawrence, were analysed for polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb) and organochlorinated pesticides (ocp). all seals were between 5 and 19 years of age, and mean ages were not statistically different among the seal species. mean concentrations of sigmapcb and mirex were significantly higher i ... | 2002 | 12398323 |
| an sem study of phocascaris cystophorae berland, 1964 (nematoda: anisakidae), a parasite of the hooded seal cystophora cristata. | scanning electron microscopy was used to study the surface morphological characteristics (excretory pore, interlabia knobs, lips and adjacent structures, caudal papillae and papilla-like structures) of the nematode phocascaris cystophorae, a parasite from the stomach of the hooded seal cystophora cristata. a comparative morphological analysis was made between species of phocascaris and contracaecum osculatum (sensu lato), which are all parasitic in phocid seals. | 2002 | 11912341 |
| wandering hooded seals. | 2002 | 11811199 | |
| perfluorinated chemicals infiltrate ocean waters: link between exposure levels and stable isotope ratios in marine mammals. | this is the first study to report on concentrations of perfluorinated organochemicals (focs) in marine mammals stranded along the southern north sea coast in relation to stable nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios (delta15n and delta13c). the presence of focs in top predators such as marine mammals would indicate a potential biomagnification of these compounds and their widespread occurrence. liver and kidney tissues of nine marine mammal species have been sampled. among all the measured focs comp ... | 2003 | 14717162 |
| quantitative differences in the pineal ultrastructure of perinatal and adult harp (phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (cystophora cristata). | seals are unique among mammals in that newborns have a large pineal gland and extremely high plasma levels of melatonin at birth. melatonin levels are also high in the seal fetus but decline rapidly during the first few days of life. the aim of the present study was to provide quantitative information about the ultrastructure of the seal pineal gland using fetal, newborn, and adult hooded seals (cystophora cristata), and newborn and adult harp seals (phoca groenlandica). the relative and absolut ... | 2003 | 12932203 |
| health status of harp seals (phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (cystophora cristata) on sable island, nova scotia, canada, concurrent with their expanding range. | beach surveys for harp (phoca groenlaandica) and hooded (cystophora cristata) seals documented a dramatic increase in their numbers on sable island in mid 1990s. in the 1980s, no more than five animals of both species were observed on this island each year, however, during late 1994 to 1998, 1,191 harp and 870 hooded seals, mostly young animals, were recorded. although some of these seals had been killed by sharks, most (roughly 75%) were found alive or as intact carcasses on the beach, and some ... | 2003 | 12685065 |
| melatonin is rhythmic in newborn seals exposed to continuous light. | we have investigated the effect of continuous light and darkness on plasma levels of melatonin in relation to the extremely large and active pineal gland typically found in newborn seals. plasma levels of melatonin in captive newborn harp (phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (cystophora cristata) were generally extremely high, with peak concentrations ranging from 0.8 ng/ml to 62.3 ng/ml. moreover, plasma melatonin showed a similar, pronounced rhythmicity, both outdoors under natural light cond ... | 2003 | 12592441 |
| shrapnell's membrane in a mammal exposed to extreme pressure variations: morphological and radiological observations in the hooded seal. | the function of shrapnell's membrane (pars flaccida; pf) in middle-ear mechanics is still an enigma, though numerous proposals have been put forward, e.g. protection of pars tensa, equalizing of middle-ear pressure, sound transmission, and the site of origin of otitis media. in this study the pf was studied in a mammal (the hooded seal) which exposes itself to extreme pressure differences (from 1 to 100 atmospheres) when diving. formaldehyde-fixed temporal bones obtained from newborn, one-year-o ... | 2003 | 14653915 |
| chemical characterization of the oligosaccharides in milk of high arctic harbour seal (phoca vitulina vitulina). | carbohydrates were extracted from high arctic harbour seal milk, phoca vitulina vitulina (family phocidae). free neutral oligosaccharides were separated by gel filtration and preparative thin layer chromatography, while free sialyl oligosaccharides were separated by gel filtration and then purified by ion exchange chromatography, gel filtration and high performance liquid chromatography. oligosaccharide structures were determined by 1h-nmr spectroscopy. the structures of the neutral oligosacchar ... | 2003 | 12890545 |
| melatonin reduces noradrenaline-induced vasoconstriction in the uterine artery of pregnant hooded seals (cystophora cristata). | in pregnant seals the dive-associated constriction of the uterine artery is inhibited for unknown reasons. the seal fetus has an extremely large and active pineal gland, not found in any other mammals. we have investigated if the pineal hormone melatonin affects fetal blood supply during diving. using isolated ring segments of the uterine artery from pregnant hooded seals (cystophora cristata), we measured the change in isometric tension caused by noradrenaline (na) with and without physiologica ... | 2004 | 14634822 |
| carcinoid in the lung of a hooded seal (cystophora cristata). | 2004 | 12521252 | |
| click sounds produced by cod (gadus morhua). | conspicuous sonic click sounds were recorded in the presence of cod (gadus morhua), together with either harp seals (pagophilus groenlandicus), hooded seals (cystophora cristata) or a human diver in a pool. similar sounds were never recorded in the presence of salmon (salmo salar) together with either seal species, or from either seal or fish species when kept separately in the pool. it is concluded that cod was the source of these sounds and that the clicks were produced only when cod were appr ... | 2004 | 15000203 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in canadian pinnipeds. | sera (n = 328) collected from phocids (1995-97) from the east coast of canada, including harp seals (phoca groenlandica), hooded seals (cystophora cristata), grey seals (halichoerus grypus), and harbor seals (phoca vitulina), were diluted 1:25, 1:50, and 1:500 and tested by a modified agglutination test for antibodies to toxoplasma gondii. titers equal to or greater than 1:25 were considered evidence of exposure. grey seal (11/122, 9%), harbor seal (3/34, 9%), and hooded seal (1/60, 2%) had tite ... | 2004 | 15362830 |
| prevalence of brucella pinnipediae in healthy hooded seals (cystophora cristata) from the north atlantic ocean and ringed seals (phoca hispida) from svalbard. | investigations for brucella-infections were conducted in 29 hooded seals (cystophora cristata) caught between svalbard and greenland (north atlantic ocean; greenland sea) autumn 2002, and from 20 ringed seals (phoca hispida) caught in billefjord, svalbard, spring 2003. all animals were apparently healthy and were caught in their natural habitat. bacteriology on tissue samples from ringed seals was negative, whereas brucella sp. were recovered in tissues from 11 of the 29 hooded seals (38%), with ... | 2004 | 15627521 |
| retrospective differentiation of canine distemper virus and phocine distemper virus in phocids. | formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from one caspian seal (phoca caspica), one harp seal (phoca groenlandica), one hooded seal (cystophora cristata), and one harbor seal (phoca vitulina vitulina) were used to compare the utility of immunohistochemistry (ihc) versus that of a novel seminested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) to detect and differentiate canine distemper virus (cdv) and phocine distemper virus (pdv). four antibodies made against pdv were able to detect ... | 2004 | 15137488 |
| comparison of toxaphene congeners levels in five seal species from eastern canada: what is the importance of biological factors? | environmentally relevant chlorobornanes (chbs) were measured in blubber samples of harbor (phoca vitulina), gray (halichoerus grypus), harp (phoca groenlandica), and hooded seals (cystophora cristata) sampled in different part of the st. lawrence marine ecosystem (slme) and ringed seals (phoca hispida) sampled in the eastern canadian arctic waters. the purpose of this study was to compare the levels of six chbs (parlar-26, -40/-41, -44, -50, and -62) among the five seal species. seal species cou ... | 2005 | 15819196 |
| inhibition of shivering in hypothermic seals during diving. | the mammalian response to hypothermia is increased metabolic heat production, usually by way of muscular activity, such as shivering. seals, however, have been reported to respond to diving with hypothermia, which in other mammals under other circumstances would have elicited vigorous shivering. in the diving situation, shivering could be counterproductive, because it obviously would increase oxygen consumption and therefore reduce diving capacity. we have measured the electromyographic (emg) ac ... | 2005 | 15761184 |
| radiocaesium (137cs) in marine mammals from svalbard, the barents sea and the north greenland sea. | specific activities of the anthropogenic radionuclide, 137cs, were determined in marine mammals from svalbard and the barents and north greenland seas. muscle samples were collected from 12 polar bears, 15 ringed seals, 10 hooded seals, 7 bearded seals, 14 harp seals, one walrus, one white whale and one blue whale in the period 2000-2003. the mean concentrations (+/-sd) of 137cs were: 0.72+/-0.62 bq/kg wet weight (w.w.) for polar bears; 0.49+/-0.07 bq/kg w.w. for ringed seals; 0.25+/-0.10 bq/kg ... | 2006 | 16154620 |
| tissue-specific accumulation and lactational transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated pesticides, and brominated flame retardants in hooded seals (cistophora cristata) from the gulf of st. lawrence: applications for monitoring. | accumulation and mother-pup transfer of halogenated organic contaminants was studied in hooded seal tissues from eastern canada. blubber polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) and total pesticide concentrations were relatively high, possibly due to their high trophic level and demersal feeding habits. blood plasma showed the lowest contaminant concentrations compared to blubber and liver, possibly due to a lower affinity of these compounds to lipoproteins in blood plasma. total contaminant body burden c ... | 2006 | 16325312 |
| polioencephalomalacia in a juvenile hooded seal (cystophora cristata). | 2006 | 16617044 | |
| the eye of the hooded seal, cystophora cristata, in air and water. | multiple refractive state measurements were made on a male and female hooded seal (cystophora cristata) when the eyes were exposed to air and to water. the measures, made by conventional retinoscopy and by photorefraction, show that the seals are moderately hyperopic (2-3 diopters) in water and moderately myopic (2-4 diopters) in air. no significant astigmatism was noted in either medium. the absence of refractive state variation over time suggests that an accommodative mechanism is insignifican ... | 2006 | 2810150 |
| pinniped phylogeny and a new hypothesis for their origin and dispersal. | the relationships and the zoogeography of the three extant pinniped families, otariidae (sea lions and fur seals), odobenidae (one extant species, the walrus), and phocidae (true seals), have been contentious. here, we address these topics in a molecular study that includes all extant species of true seals and sea lions, four fur seals and the walrus. contrary to prevailing morphological views the analyses conclusively showed monophyletic pinnipedia with a basal split between otarioidea (otariid ... | 2006 | 16815048 |
| levels of non-essential elements in muscle from harp seal (phagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded seal (cystophora cristata) caught in the greenland sea area. | the non-essential elements, arsenic, cadmium, mercury and lead, inevitably accumulate in marine top predators such as seals. the concentration of these elements and the essential element selenium, due to its proposed protective properties against mercury toxicity in marine mammals, were measured in muscle, liver and kidney from reproductive active females of harp seal (phagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded seal (cystophora cristata) caught in the drift ice between iceland and east greenland. ars ... | 2006 | 16368127 |
| hematology and serum chemistry of harp (phoca groenlandica) and hooded seals (cystophora cristata) during the breeding season, in the gulf of st. lawrence, canada. | standard hematologic and serum chemistry parameters were determined from 28 harp seals (phoca groenlandica) and 20 hooded seals (cystophora cristata) sampled from 6 march 2001 to 13 march 2001 during the breeding season. whole blood was collected immediately postmortem from harp seal mother-pup pairs and from six hooded seal pups, and from live-captured adult hooded seals and three hooded seal pups; blood was analyzed within 24 hr at a local human hospital. a certified veterinary laboratory vali ... | 2006 | 16699154 |
| panmictic population structure in the hooded seal (cystophora cristata). | two putative populations of hooded seals (cystophora cristata) occur in the north atlantic. the greenland sea population pup and breed on the pack ice near jan mayen ('west ice') while the northwest atlantic population is thought to pup in the davis strait, in the gulf of st. lawrence (the 'gulf'), and off southern labrador or northeast newfoundland (the 'front'). we used microsatellite profiling of 300 individuals at 13 loci and mitochondrial dna sequencing of the control region of 123 individu ... | 2007 | 17402979 |
| synthesis and characterization of 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (dpte) and structurally related compounds evidenced in seal blubber and brain. | the unknown compound ubc-1 previously described as the major organobromine contamination in the blubber extract of a hooded seal (cystophora cristata) from the barents sea was identified as 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (dpte). dpte, which is the main component of the brominated flame retardant (bfr) bromkal 73-5 pe, was synthesized by electrophilic addition of bromine to allyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (ate). the chirality of dpte was proven by gas chromatographic enantioseparat ... | 2007 | 17396646 |
| size and distribution of oxygen stores in harp and hooded seals from birth to maturity. | pinnipeds rely primarily on oxygen stores in blood and muscles to support aerobic diving; therefore rapid development of body oxygen stores (tbo(2)) is crucial for pups to transition from nursing to independent foraging. here, we investigate tbo(2) development in 45 harp (pagophilus groenlandicus) and 46 hooded (cystophora cristata) seals ranging in age from neonates to adult females. we found that hooded seal adults have the largest tbo(2) stores yet reported (89.5 ml kg(-1)), while harp seal a ... | 2007 | 17576570 |
| quantifying the sensitivity of arctic marine mammals to climate-induced habitat change. | we review seven arctic and four subarctic marine mammal species, their habitat requirements, and evidence for biological and demographic responses to climate change. we then describe a pan-arctic quantitative index of species sensitivity to climate change based on population size, geographic range, habitat specificity, diet diversity, migration, site fidelity, sensitivity to changes in sea ice, sensitivity to changes in the trophic web, and maximum population growth potential (r(max)). the index ... | 2008 | 18494365 |
| identification of novel dna fragments and partial sequence of a genomic island specific of brucella pinnipedialis. | since the 1990s, brucella strains have been isolated from a wide variety of marine mammals and were recently recognized as two different species, i.e. brucella pinnipedialis for pinniped isolates and brucella ceti for cetacean isolates. the aim of this study was to identify specific dna fragments of marine mammal brucella strains using a previously described infrequent restriction site-pcr (irs-pcr) method but with three new couples of restriction enzymes applied on a larger panel of marine mamm ... | 2008 | 18514443 |
| remarkable neuronal hypoxia tolerance in the deep-diving adult hooded seal (cystophora cristata). | seals cope with regular exposure to diving hypoxia by storing oxygen in blood and skeletal muscles and by limiting the distribution of blood-borne oxygen to all but the most hypoxia vulnerable tissues (brain, heart), through dramatic cardiovascular adjustments. still, arterial oxygen tension of freely diving seals regularly drops to levels that would be fatal to most non-diving mammals. some cerebral protection is offered through diving-induced brain cooling and, possibly, enhanced oxygen delive ... | 2008 | 18824079 |
| phenotypic and molecular characterisation of brucella isolates from marine mammals. | bacteria of the genus brucella are the causative organisms of brucellosis in animals and man. previous characterisation of brucella strains originating from marine mammals showed them to be distinct from the terrestrial species and likely to comprise one or more new taxa. recently two new species comprising brucella isolates from marine mammals, b. pinnipedialis and b. ceti, were validly published. here we report on an extensive study of the molecular and phenotypic characteristics of marine mam ... | 2008 | 19091076 |
| comparative pathology of nocardiosis in marine mammals. | nocardia spp. infections in mammals cause pyogranulomatous lesions in a variety of organs, most typically the lung. members of the nocardia asteroides complex are the most frequently recognized pathogens. nine cases of nocardiosis in free-ranging pinnipeds and 10 cases of nocardiosis in cetaceans were evaluated. host species included the hooded seal (cystophora cristata, n = 8), leopard seal (hydrurga leptonyx, n = 1), atlantic bottlenose dolphin (tursiops truncatus, n = 4), beluga whale (delphi ... | 2009 | 19261643 |
| marine mammal brucella isolates with different genomic characteristics display a differential response when infecting human macrophages in culture. | marine mammal brucella strains with different genomic characteristics according to distribution of is711 elements in their genomes were analysed for their intracellular behaviour in human thp-1 macrophage-like cells. seven different groups of marine mammal strains were identified including a human isolate from new zealand presumably from marine origin. entry and intracellular survival of strains representative of these groups in thp-1 human macrophage-like cells were analysed at several times of ... | 2009 | 19397885 |
| development of myoglobin concentration and acid buffering capacity in harp (pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded (cystophora cristata) seals from birth to maturity. | pinnipeds rely on muscle oxygen stores to help support aerobic diving, therefore muscle maturation may influence the behavioral ecology of young pinnipeds. to investigate the pattern of muscle development, myoglobin concentration ([mb]) and acid buffering ability (beta) was measured in ten muscles from 23 harp and 40 hooded seals of various ages. adult [mb] ranged from 28-97 to 35-104 mg g tissue(-1) in harp and hooded seals, respectively, with values increasing from the cervical, non-swimming m ... | 2009 | 19565249 |
| when the brain goes diving: glial oxidative metabolism may confer hypoxia tolerance to the seal brain. | deep diving mammals have developed strategies to cope with limited oxygen availability when submerged. these adaptations are associated with an increased neuronal hypoxia tolerance. brain neurons of the hooded seal cystophora cristata remain much longer active in hypoxic conditions than those of mice. to understand the cellular basis of neuronal hypoxia tolerance, we studied neuroglobin and cytochrome c in c. cristata brain. neuroglobin, a respiratory protein typically found in vertebrate neuron ... | 2009 | 19576963 |
| mlva-16 typing of 295 marine mammal brucella isolates from different animal and geographic origins identifies 7 major groups within brucella ceti and brucella pinnipedialis. | since 1994, brucella strains have been isolated from a wide range of marine mammals. they are currently recognized as two new brucella species, b. pinnipedialis for the pinniped isolates and b. ceti for the cetacean isolates in agreement with host preference and specific phenotypic and molecular markers. in order to investigate the genetic relationships within the marine mammal brucella isolates and with reference to terrestrial mammal brucella isolates, we applied in this study the multiple loc ... | 2009 | 19619320 |
| tissue-specific contaminant accumulation and associated effects on hepatic serum analytes and cytochrome p450 enzyme activities in hooded seals (cystophora cristata) from the gulf of st. lawrence. | the current study aims to assess contaminant levels and tissue burdens in hooded seal (cystophora cristata) blubber, liver, and blood in association with cytochrome p450 (cyp) enzymes (cyp1a and -3a) and serum analytes (hepatic enzymes like alanine aminotransferase [alt], aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase [ap], and gamma-glutamyltransferase [ggt], serum proteins, and creatine kinase). contaminant accumulation levels and patterns of polychlorinated biphenyls, chlorinated pesticides ... | 2009 | 18626617 |
| structural characterization of multibranched oligosaccharides from seal milk by a combination of off-line high-performance liquid chromatography-matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and sequential exoglycosidase digestion. | a complex mixture of diverse oligosaccharides related to the carbohydrates in glycoconjugates involved in various biological events is found in animal milk/colostrum and has been challenging targets for separation and structural studies. in the current study, we isolated oligosaccharides having high molecular masses (mw approximately 3800) from the milk samples of bearded and hooded seals and analyzed their structures by off-line normal-phase-high-performance liquid chromatography-matrix-assiste ... | 2009 | 19275874 |
| a study of metal concentrations and metallothionein binding capacity in liver, kidney and brain tissues of three arctic seal species. | arctic seals are known to accumulate relatively high concentrations of potential toxic heavy metals in their vital organs, such as livers and kidneys, as well as in their central nervous system. we therefore decided to determine whether mercury, copper, cadmium and zinc levels in liver, kidney and brain tissues of three arctic seal species were associated with the intracellular metal-binding protein metallothionein (mt) as a sign of toxic exposure. samples from four ringed (phoca hispida), five ... | 2009 | 19773017 |
| ecological characterisation of the colonic microbiota in arctic and sub-arctic seals. | dominant colonic bacteria in wild hooded (n = 9), harbour (n = 1) and grey (n = 1) seals were identified using 16s rrna gene clone libraries (313 clones), revealing 52.7% bacteroidetes, 41.5% firmicutes, 4.5% proteobacteria and 1.0% fusobacteria. thirty (77%) of the 39 phylotypes identified were novel, showing <97% sequence similarity to their nearest cultivated relatives. mean colonic bacterial cell density, determined by real-time pcr, was high (12.8 log(10) cells/g wet wt) for the hooded seal ... | 2010 | 20523986 |
| development of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in cardiac and skeletal muscles from harp and hooded seals. | in diving animals, skeletal muscle adaptations to extend underwater time despite selective vasoconstriction include elevated myoglobin (mb) concentrations, high acid buffering ability (beta) and high aerobic and anaerobic enzyme activities. however, because cardiac muscle is perfused during dives, it may rely less heavily on mb, beta and anaerobic pathways to support contractile activity. in addition, because cardiac tissue must sustain contractile activity even before birth, it may be more phys ... | 2010 | 20154189 |
| brominated flame retardants and organochlorine contaminants in winter flounder, harp and hooded seals, and north atlantic right whales from the northwest atlantic ocean. | various brominated flame retardants (bfrs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) and current-use, non-pbde bfrs, as well as organochlorine (oc) pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), were measured in winter flounder, harp and hooded seals, and north atlantic right whales from the eastern united states and canada. the concentrations of pbdes in winter flounder and right whales were similar in magnitude to the levels of pcbs, which was unlike the pattern observed in seals. in ... | 2010 | 20434733 |
| vitamin d metabolism in the hooded seal (cystophora cristata). | fish-eating mammals, such as seals, appear to ingest levels of vitamin d that are toxic to most mammals. to determine how seals cope with high vitamin d intakes, the metabolism of tritiated cholecalciferol ([3h]d3) was investigated in hooded seal (cystophora cristata) pups during their postweaning fast and pups and adults consuming herring alone or supplemented with 400,000 iu d3 daily. [3h]d3 was metabolized to 25-[3h]ohd3 and 24,25-[3h](oh)2d3. 1,25-[3h](oh)2d3 was not detected, but plasma lev ... | 2010 | 2832569 |
| selective brain cooling and its vascular basis in diving seals. | brain (t(brain)), intra-aorta (t(aorta)), latissimus dorsi muscle (t(m)) and rectal temperature (t(r)) were measured in harp (pagophilus groenlandicus) and hooded (cystophora cristata) seals during experimental dives in 4 degrees c water. the median brain cooling was about 1 degrees c during 15 min diving, but in some cases it was as much as 2.5 degrees c. cooling rates were slow for the first couple of minutes, but increased significantly after about 5 min of diving. the onset of cooling someti ... | 2010 | 20639422 |
| liquid chromatographic enantioseparation of the brominated flame retardant 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (dpte) and enantiomer fractions in seal blubber. | enantioselective analyses of the chiral brominated flame retardant 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (dpte) are the focus of this work. high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) equipped with a column that had a chiral stationary phase consisting of a modified cellulose derivative allowed for the fractionation of the enantiomers of dpte. the enantiomeric excess was 98.2% for enantiomer 1 and 99% for enantiomer 2. polarimetric measurements verified that the first eluting enantiomer ... | 2010 | 19863996 |
| giardia and cryptosporidium in harp and hooded seals from the gulf of st. lawrence, canada. | giardia and cryptosporidium are protozoan parasites known to cause enteric disease in terrestrial wildlife species (mammals, reptiles and birds). few surveys for giardia and cryptosporidium in marine wildlife species, such as pinnipeds, have been reported. the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and genotype of giardia and cryptosporidium in two species of pinnipeds, harp seal (phoca groenlandica) and hooded seal (cystophora cristata), from the gulf of st. lawrence, canada. f ... | 2010 | 20594649 |
| DETECTION OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SP. SEAL IN TWO NEW SEAL SPECIES, PHOCA VITULINA AND CYSTOPHORA CRISTATA AND A NOVEL CRYPTOSPORIDIUM GENOTYPE IN A THIRD SEAL SPECIES, PAGOPHILUS GROENLANDICUS FROM THE GULF OF MAINE. | Abstract Data on the geographic distribution and host-specificity of Cryptosporidium spp. are critical for developing an understanding of likely transmission patterns in nature. During a molecular based survey of fecal samples from 293 terrestrial and aquatic animals in Maine, we detected Cryptosporidium sp. in 11 harbor seals, 1 hooded seal, and 1 harp seal. None of the terrestrial or freshwater mammal fecal samples or bird samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium sp. However, the seque ... | 2011 | 22017467 |
| systemic mucormycosis in a hooded seal (cystophora cristata). | a 4-yr-old male captive hooded seal (cystophora cristata), previously diagnosed as hypothyroid, died after a 3-wk period of lethargy and inappetance despite treatment that included intramuscular administration of antibiotics and multivitamins. gross pathologic findings included extensive muscle necrosis over the left flank, an underlying necrotic iliac lymph node, two necrotic pulmonary masses and a necrotic bronchial lymph node. routine cultures yielded a number of bacterial isolates and a heav ... | 2011 | 22946418 |
| a review of brucella infection in marine mammals, with special emphasis on brucella pinnipedialis in the hooded seal (cystophora cristata). | abstract: brucella spp. were isolated from marine mammals for the first time in 1994. two novel species were later included in the genus; brucella ceti and brucella pinnipedialis, with cetaceans and seals as their preferred hosts, respectively. brucella spp. have since been isolated from a variety of marine mammals. pathological changes, including lesions of the reproductive organs and associated abortions, have only been registered in cetaceans. the zoonotic potential differs among the marine m ... | 2011 | 21819589 |
| slow intrinsic oscillations in thick neocortical slices of hypoxia tolerant deep diving seals. | direct evidence that the mammalian neocortex is an important generator of intrinsic activity comes from isolated neocortical slices that spontaneously generate multiple rhythms including those in the beta, delta and gamma range. these oscillations are also seen in intact animals where they interact with other areas including the hippocampus, thalamus and basal ganglia. here we show that thick isolated neocortical slices from hooded seals intrinsically generate persistent spontaneous activities, ... | 2011 | 21185914 |
| levels and patterns of hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (oh-pcbs) and their associations with thyroid hormones in hooded seal (cystophora cristata) mother-pup pairs. | blood (plasma/serum) samples from 14 adult female and their pups (1-4 days old) captured in the west ice, east of greenland were analysed for concentrations of total and free thyroxine and triiodothyronine (tt4, ft4, tt3, ft3), and hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (oh-pcbs). the levels of all thyroid hormones (ths) were significantly higher in pups than in mothers. sum oh-pcb levels (σoh-pcbs: 4-oh-cb107, 3'-oh-cb138, 4-oh-cb146, 4'-oh-cb172, 4-oh-cb187) were significantly higher in mother ... | 2011 | 21888873 |
| how many seals were there? the global shelf loss during the last glacial maximum and its effect on the size and distribution of grey seal populations. | predicting how marine mammal populations respond to habitat changes will be essential for developing conservation management strategies in the 21st century. responses to previous environmental change may be informative in the development of predictive models. here we describe the likely effects of the last ice age on grey seal population size and distribution. we use satellite telemetry data to define grey seal foraging habitat in terms of the temperature and depth ranges exploited by the contem ... | 2012 | 23300843 |
| neuroglobin of seals and whales: evidence for a divergent role in the diving brain. | although many physiological adaptations of diving mammals have been reported, little is known about how their brains sustain the high demands for metabolic energy and thus o(2) when submerged. a recent study revealed in the deep-diving hooded seal (cystophora cristata) a unique shift of the oxidative energy metabolism and neuroglobin, a respiratory protein that is involved in neuronal hypoxia tolerance, from neurons to astrocytes. here we have investigated neuroglobin in another pinniped species ... | 2012 | 22864183 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbdes) in marine mammals from arctic and north atlantic regions, 1986-2009. | a selection of pbde congeners was analyzed in pooled blubber samples of pilot whale (globicephala melas), ringed seal (phoca hispida), minke whale (balaenoptera acutorostrata), fin whale (balaenoptera physalus), harbor porpoise (phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (cystophora cristata) and atlantic white-sided dolphin (lagenorhynchus acutus), covering a time period of more than 20 years (1986-2009). the analytes were extracted and cleaned-up using open column extraction and multi-layer silica gel co ... | 2012 | 21802148 |
| increasing levels of long-chain perfluorocarboxylic acids (pfcas) in arctic and north atlantic marine mammals, 1984-2009. | temporal variations in concentrations of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (pfcas) and sulfonic acids (pfsas), including perfluorooctane sulfonate (pfos) and perfluorooctanoate (pfoa) structural isomers, were examined in livers of pilot whale (globicephala melas), ringed seal (phoca hisida), minke whale (balaenoptera acutorostrata), harbor porpoise (phocoena phocoena), hooded seal (cystophora cristata), atlantic white-sided dolphin (lagenorhynchus acutus) and in muscle tissue of fin whales (balaen ... | 2012 | 22051347 |