Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| [the constrictor mechanism in the blood vessels leading to and from the liver in the ermine]. | 1952 | 12996261 | |
| early sexual maturity in the female short-tailed weasel. | 1958 | 17793282 | |
| hormonal control of pelage cycles in the short tailed weasel (mustela erminea bangsi). | 1965 | 14321940 | |
| [the chromosomes of mustela erminea cicognanii bonaparte (mammalia-carnivora)]. | 1967 | 6079740 | |
| effect of pituitary autografts on hair color in the short-tailed weasel. | 1968 | 5726275 | |
| hair color, molt, and testis size in male, short-tailed weasels treated with melatonin. | melatonin in beeswax was implanted in male weasels (mustela erminea). brown weasels and white animals undergoing the spring change to the brown pelage and reproductive activity molted, grew a new white coat, and became reproductively quiescent after treatment. controls retained or acquired the brown coat and developed or maintained enlarged testes. treated weasels with pituitary autografts under the kidney capsule grew brown hair after hair growth was initiated by plucking. it is suggested that ... | 1969 | 5816328 |
| ovarian cycle and plasma progesterone levels in the female stoat, mustela erminea. | 1972 | 4648138 | |
| reciprocal fertilization between the ferret and short-tailed weasel with special reference to the development of ferret eggs fertilized by weasel sperm. | 1973 | 4697405 | |
| reproduction in the male stoat, mustela erminea. | 1974 | 4452973 | |
| plasma progesterone levels in the stoat. | 1974 | 4819321 | |
| [observations of fleas of small mammals at the gran paradiso national park (italian occidental alps)]. | the siphonaptera of small mammals (nearly 200 rodents, insectivora and mustelids) of the parco nazionale del gran paradiso (western italian alps) have been collected and studied during the years 1973-75. all the animals have been captured at altitudes ranging from 1570 to 2400 m during different seasons. twelve genera and sixteen species have been identified, namely: chaetopsylla (c.) homoea homoea from mustela erminea; hystrichopsylla (h.) talpae talpae from clethrionomys glareolus; rhadinopsyl ... | 1975 | 1233394 |
| agonistic behaviour and dominance in stoats (mustela erminea l.). | behavioural mechanisms underlying distribution in a stoat (mustela erminea) population were examined experimentally in an enclosure simulating natural habitats with living prey. agonistic behaviours, displayed by individual stoats of different sex and age while being tested in pairs in various combinations were recorded. dominance relationships between different categories of stoats (femalefemale, adult and juvenile male male) were examined, as was social dominance between individual stoats of t ... | 1977 | 563152 |
| [pathogenicity of the shigella isolated from wild and game animals of the far north of the ussr]. | experiments were conducted on guinea pigs. a study was made of the pathogenicity of brucellae culture isolated from various wild and game animals of the extreme north of the ussr (wolf, polar fox, ermine, glutton). the majority of the cultures under study proved to be highly pathogenic. observations carried out led to the conclusion that brucella cultures circulating between the wild and domestic reindeers and migrating to other species of animals presented definite danger to the health of man. | 1978 | 665050 |
| powassan virus in ixodes cookei and mustelidae in new england. | powassan virus was recovered from a pool of 3 nymphal and 1 adult female ixodes cookei removed from a striped skunk (mephitis mephitis) trapped in massachusetts during 1967 and from a pool of 9 nymphal i. cookei from a long-tailed weasel (mustela frenata) captured in connecticut during 1978. virus was detected in the blood of both mammals. hemagglutination-inhibiting (hi) antibody to powassan virus was demonstrated in 16.0% of the skunks sampled in connecticut, and neutralizing antibody was dete ... | 1979 | 230364 |
| on co-existence, foraging strategy and the biogeography of weasels and stoats (mustela nivalis and m. erminea) in britain. | mustela nivalis and m. erminea, two sympatric species of weasels of superficially similar appearance and habits, have different breeding and foraging strategies associated with the difference in their body size. m. nivalis is more efficient in exploiting small rodent prey, and can breed rapidly to take immediate advantage of rodent peaks, but is vulnerable to local extinction during rodent declines. m. erminea has more generalized food habits, and is the larger and probably the dominant species, ... | 1979 | 28309432 |
| muscle spindle supply to the masticatory muscles in the japane ermine (carnivora). | histological examination of the jaw muscles of the japanese ermine showed that 4 jaw-closing muscles have 13 muscle spindles on one side of the face. the temporal muscle has 99 muscle spindles, 68 being in the anterior vertical and 31 in the posterior horizontal belly. the masseter muscle has 33 muscle spindles, 23 being in the profound and 10 in the superficial belly. the medial pterygoid muscle has 7 muscle spindles and the zygomaticomandibular muscle contains 4 muscle spindles. the lateral pt ... | 1979 | 160761 |
| a comparative chromosome study by means of g-, c-, and nor-bandings of the weasel, the pygmy weasel and the stoat (mustela, carnivora, mammalia). | 1980 | 6160121 | |
| electrophoretic variation in large mammals. ii. the red fox, vulpes vulpes, the stoat, mustela erminea, the weasel, mustela nivalis, the pole cat, mustela putorius, the pine marten, martes martes, the beech marten, martes foina, and the badger, meles meles. | 1982 | 7107306 | |
| thermoregulation of polecat and raccoon dog: a comparative study with stoat, mink and blue fox. | 1. oxygen consumption (ml x kg0.75 per min) in relation to ambient temperature (ta) in the raccoon dog (nyctereutes procyonoides), polecat (mustela putorius), mink (mustela vison) and stoat (mustela erminea) is described by equations y = 14.2 - 0.23x, y = 26.3 - 0.47x, y = 26.9 - 0.33x and y = 39.0 - 1.06x, respectively. resting metabolic rate (rmr) of blue fox (alopex lagopus) could be measured only at thermoneutrality. 2. in polecats, calorigenic response to noradrenaline was about 40% above t ... | 1983 | 6131765 |
| the spatial and temporal distribution pattern of the stoat (mustela erminea l.). | the distribution and movements of two stoat populations were studied by capture-recapture and tracking in the swiss jura mountains. on the brévine area in summer 1977 the population was at a high density phase and evenly distributed. a well established intrasexual territorial system was observed, with a high degree of sedentarity in adults. during the decline and the following phase of scarcity, the stoats were progressively restricted to a peat-bog area and the territorial system broke down. th ... | 1983 | 25024150 |
| influence of mustelid scent-gland compounds on suppression of feeding by snowshoe hares (lepus americanus). | this study investigated the influence of mustelid anal-gland compounds in suppressing feeding by snowshoe hares on coniferous tree seedlings. pen and field bioassays indicated that 3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane from the stoat (mustela erminea), and secondarily, 2,2-dimethylthietane from the mink (m. vison) had a very negative effect on feeding behavior of hares. the major component of stoat anal gland secretions, 2-propylthietane, and the related compounds, thietane and 2-methylthietane, were not effe ... | 1984 | 24318435 |
| anal gland secretions of the stoat (mustela erminea) and the ferret (mustela putorius formafuro) : some additional thietane components. | two new thietanes,cis- andtrans-2-ethyl-3-methylthietane, have been identified in the anal gland secretion of the stoat, and 2-isopropyl thietane has been characterized from the anal gland secretion of the ferret. conflicting published data are reevaluated. | 1985 | 24310328 |
| sex pheromones and reproductive isolation in four european small ermine moths. | reproductive isolation among four sympatric small ermine moths (yponomeuta) is analyzed in terms of niches in the sexual communication channel. potential pheromone components were identified from pheromone gland secretions ofy. evonymellus,y. cagnagellus,y. padelius, andy. vigintipunctatus by gas chromatography with flame ionization and electroantennographic detection and tested for behavioral activity in the field. the species were found to share (z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (z11-14: oac) in com ... | 1985 | 24310129 |
| coumarins inprunus mahaleb and its herbivore, the small ermine mothyponomeuta mahalebellus. | larvae of the small ermine mothyponomeuta mahalebellus were reared on foliage ofprunus mahaleb, a plant known to contain coumarins. thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography showed that coumarin, umbelliferone, and herniarin were present in leaves ofp. mahaleb and in pupae and adults ofy. mahalebellus. overall concentrations of simple coumarins in the plant and insect were, respectively, 0.54% and 0.003-0.004% (dry weight). the possible role of coumarins in the chemical defense of both th ... | 1987 | 24301473 |
| repeatability of pheromone emissions from individual female ermine mothsyponomeuta padellus andyponomeuta rorellus. | the repeatability of the composition of pheromone emitted by individual female moths (yponomeuta) was determined by gas chromatographic analysis. an improved technique for repeated collections of airborne volatiles from the same moth was developed. the procedure did not harm the females and allowed precise quantification of 0.05 ng of pheromone components in 30-min collections. individual females ofy. padellus (n=10) andy. rorellus (n=5) were sampled six and eight days after emergence.y. padellu ... | 1987 | 24302244 |
| is the extremely low heterozygosity level in yponomeuta rorellus caused by bottlenecks? | among the common and widespread species of the small ermine moths (yponomeuta) the almost complete absence of genetic variability from a sample of 75 protein loci is a striking feature of y. rorellus. congeners exhibit normal to high h levels. at least for soluble proteins, this variation estimate is a real one, not resulting from an inability of the zymogram technique to detect variation nor from a biased sample of loci. the most likely explanation for the dearth of variation observed is a bott ... | 1987 | 28563815 |
| [chromosomal localization and evolutionary age of satellite dnas of mustelidae]. | dna reassociation kinetics were studied in the european mink (mustela lutreola), the american mink (m. vison), the marbled polecat (vormela peregusna). variation in dna quantity and heterochromatin amount occurs in connection with changes in the size of all kinetic fractions. moderately repetitive genome component is the most variable in these three species. cryptic cscl satellite of the stoat (m. erminea), ag+/cs2so4 satellites of the m. vison, v. peregusna were used for in situ homo- and heter ... | 1988 | 3250906 |
| the ermine phenotype: pigmentary-hearing loss heterogeneity. | the term ermine phenotype has been chosen to describe patients with white hair with black tufts. the patients also have sensorineural hearing loss. this rare phenotype may come about either by failure of migration of melanocytes or by an autoimmune mechanism. examples of each are cited. the authors describe a possible third type. comparison with other pigment loss-sensorineural hearing loss syndromes is made. | 1988 | 3055988 |
| use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores : iv. northern pocket gophers (thomomys talpoides). | this study investigated the influence of the major anal-gland compounds from the stoat (mustela erminea) and ferret (m. putorius) in generating an avoidance response by northern pocket gophers (thomomys talpoides) in tree fruit orchards in the okanagan valley of british columbia, canada. a secondary objective assessed the impact of additional predator odors on gopher avoidance behavior in laboratory bioassays. in field bioassays, a 1: 1 mixture of 2-propylthietane and 3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane, as ... | 1988 | 24277016 |
| use of predator odors as repellents to reduce feeding damage by herbivores : iii. montane and meadow voles (microtus montanus andmicrotus pennsylvanicus). | this study investigated the influence of the major anal-gland compounds from the stoat (mustela erminea) and fecal and urine compounds from the red fox (vulpes vulpes) in generating an avoidance response by montane voles (microtus montanus), as well as suppressing feeding by montane and meadow (m. pennsylvanicus) voles on apple trees in orchards. in trap bioassays, a 1∶1 mixture of 2-propylthietane and 3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane significantly reduced vole captures. other mixtures of stoat compounds ... | 1988 | 24277015 |
| brief exposure to a natural predator, the short-tailed weasel, induces benzodiazepine-sensitive analgesia in white-footed mice. | exposure to a natural predator, the short-tailed weasel, mustela erminea, elicited significant increases in the nociceptive responses of wild male white-footed mice, peromyscus leucopus. a short (30 sec), ecologically relevant, nonvisual exposure to a weasel elicited a relatively brief (15 min) analgesia that was insensitive to the opiate antagonist, naloxone (1.0 mg/kg), and was blocked by either pre- or post-exposure injections of the benzodiazepine antagonist, ro15-1788 (10 mg/kg), or agonist ... | 1988 | 3145512 |
| butenolides in small ermine moths,yponomeuta spp. (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae), and spindle-tree,euonymus europaeus (celastraceae). | a new butenolide, isosiphonodin [3-hydroxymethyl-2(5h)-furanone], along with a trace of siphonodin [4-hydroxymethyl-2(5h)-furanone], was isolated from fifth-instar larvae of the small ermine mothyponomeuta cagnagellus. leaves of its host plant spindle-tree,euonymus europaeus, were found to contain the same two butenolides with siphonodin being present as the major compound. tlc showed that isosiphonodin was also present in larvae or pupae of six other small ermine moths which did not feed on spi ... | 1988 | 24276196 |
| ectoparasites of the irish stoat. | a sample of 196 irish stoats mustela ermineae hibernica thomas & barrett-hamilton (carnivora: mustelidae) were examined and yielded 2580 arthropod ectoparasites, including 1819 larval mites neotrombicula autumnalis (shaw) from a single host. other ectoparasites recovered included lice (99% trichodectes ermineae (hopkins], ticks (mostly ixodes hexagonus leach) and four species of fleas. the ticks and fleas were considered to have come mainly from nests of other hosts. the flea species did not ref ... | 1989 | 2519665 |
| [importance of the wild boar in the epidemiology of wild trichinellosis in piedmont and liguria]. | muscle samples from 1,508 wild boars (sus scrofa) harvested in piedmont and liguria between 1987 and 1990 were examined for larvae of trichinella sp. by trichinelloscopy and peptic digestion. no wild boar was infected, though trichinellosis was present in foxes (vulpes vulpes) from the same areas (14 positives out of 608) with the highest prevalence in the mountain range (25.0%). infection was also not found in 40 stone martens, 5 badgers and 3 stoats. five vulpine isolates were identified as be ... | 1990 | 2132444 |
| helminth parasitism in martens (martes americana) and ermines (mustela erminea) from washington, with comments on the distribution of trichinella spiralis. | helminths are reported for the first time from ermines (mustela erminea) and martens (martes americana) in washington (usa). among 22 adult ermines, 41% were infected by one or more of five species (taenia mustelae, alaria mustelae, molineus patens, m. mustelae and trichinella spiralis). among 78 adult martens from three geographic localities, the prevalence was 83%. nine species were identified (mesocestoides sp., t. mustelae and t. martis americana, euryhelmis squamula, m. patens, baylisascari ... | 1990 | 2250320 |
| comparison of release devices for stoat (mustela ermined) semiochemicals used as montane vole (microtus montanus) repellents. | fenced enclosures were used to simulate peak populations of montane voles (microtus montanus) for field bioassays of a stoat (mustela erminea) scent mixture in various controlled-release devices. a 1∶ 1 mixture of 2-propylthietane and 3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane was dispensed in capillary tubes, clay pellets (activated alumina), rubber septa, and plastic rope. release devices were placed near, or attached to, young apple trees planted in blocks in two enclosures containing high populations of voles. ... | 1990 | 24263608 |
| response of pocket gophers (thomomys talpoides) to an operational application of synthetic semiochemicals of stoat (mustela erminea). | this paper reports on laboratory bioassays and a large-scale field trial of synthetic mustelid anal-gland compounds in controlled-release devices designed for operational application to burrow systems of northern pocket gophers (thomomys talpoides). the field study was conducted in an apple orchard in the okanagan valley of british columbia. in laboratory bioassays, a 1∶1 mixture of 2-propylthietane and 3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane from the stoat (mustela erminea) and 3,3-dimethyl-1,2-dithiolane from ... | 1990 | 24263607 |
| apple ermine moth,yponomeuta malinellus zeller two components of female sex pheromone gland highly effective in field trapping tests. | when electroantennographic responses of maleyponomeuta malinellus zeller to model compounds were determined at dosages of 0.3-30 ng, the strongest responses were obtained from (z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate (z9-12∶ac). also, strong responses were obtained from (z)-11-tetradecenal (z11-14∶a1) and (z)-11-tetradecen-1-ol (zl1-14∶oh). at a dosage of 0.3 ng,z11-14∶a1 produced a stronger response thanz11-14∶oh, while at a dosage of 30 ng,z11-14∶oh andz11-14∶a1 produced equal responses. gas chromatographic ... | 1990 | 24263504 |
| responses of stoats and least weasels to fluctuating food abundances: is the low phase of the vole cycle due to mustelid predation? | we studied responses of stoats and least weasels to fluctuating vole abundances during seven winters in western finland. density indices of mustelids were derived from snow-tracking, diet composition from scat samples, and vole abundances from snap-trapping. predation rate was estimated by the ratio of voles to mustelids and by the vole kill rate by predators (density of predator x percentage of voles in the diet). we tested the following four predictions of the hypothesis that small mustelids c ... | 1991 | 28312626 |
| field immobilization of american martens (martes americana) and short-tailed weasels (mustela erminea). | ketamine hydrochloride (kh) and a 5:1 combination of kh and xylazine hydrochloride (xh) were used successfully to immobilize short-tailed weasels (mustela erminea) and american martens (martes americana), respectively. four adult male martens were intramuscularly injected with 30 to 82 mg/kg kh and 8.0 to 16.4 mg/kg xh. three adult male short-tailed weasels were intramuscularly injected with 20.8 to 42.1 mg/kg kh. mean (+/- se) induction times for martens and short-tailed weasels were 1.8 +/- 0. ... | 1992 | 1474670 |
| use of predator odors to protect chick-peas from predation by laboratory and wild mice. | synthetic stoat odor (3-propyl-1,2-dithiolane and 2-propylthietane) and fox fecal odor (2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline) at various concentrations were applied to chick-peas (cicer arietinum) at sowing in an investigation aimed at reducing damage caused by house mice (mus musculus). stoat odor at 10% concentration exerted a measure of protection, as did 1% fox odor against predation by laboratory mice. wild mice were less affected by synthetic predator odor and appeared to have a shorter m ... | 1993 | 24249004 |
| concepts of veterinary practice in wild mammals. | at the beginning of this article, we described the challenge faced by wildlife veterinarians in extrapolating treatment regimens and finding data bases of physiologic variables with which to assess health or depth of anesthesia in wild mammals. for example, we might wish to administer injectable ivermectin to a 75-kg deer and a 75-g squirrel for treatment of intestinal nematodes. an effective dose of ivermectin for the 75-kg deer is 0.2 mg/kg sc, and for the 75 g (0.075 kg) squirrel is 1.3 mg/kg ... | 1994 | 8109073 |
| prevalence and spatial distribution of bovine tuberculosis in brushtail possums on a forest-scrub margin. | tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium bovis was diagnosed in 36 of 68 (53%) brushtail possums (trichosurus vulpecula) trapped in august 1992 from a population of exceptionally low density (trap catch <3%) on a forest-scrub margin in westland, new zealand. the prevalence of tuberculosis in possums, based solely on gross lesions, was at least twice that previously recorded in new zealand, and was about seven times that recorded from the same population in 1980. more male (66%) than female (33%) pos ... | 1994 | 16031762 |
| behaviour of cyclic bank voles under risk of mustelid predation: do females avoid copulations? | mustelid odours have been shown to suppress breeding in captive bank voles (clethrionomys glareolus) from cyclic populations (ylönen 1989; ylönen and ronkainen 1994). the mechanism behind the suppression is unknown. based on a series of behavioural trials and breeding experiments with pairs of bank voles in breeding condition, we suggest that the primary cause for breeding suppression is a change in female mating behaviour. experimental female-male pairs (n=34) exposed to mustelid odour decrease ... | 1994 | 28313633 |
| the prevalence of bovine tuberculosis (mycobacterium bovis) infections in feral populations of cats (felis catus), ferrets (mustela furo) and stoats (mustela erminea) in otago and southland, new zealand. | twenty-one properties in the otago region of the south island of new zealand were surveyed for the presence of gross lesions due to mycobacterium bovis infection in feral cats (felis catus), ferrets (mustela furo) and stoats (mustela erminea) during 1993 and 1994. in total, 1293 cats, ferrets, stoats and weasels (mustela nivalis) were examined for the presence of tuberculous lesions. the properties surveyed were selected according to the history and incidence of bovine tuberculosis infection in ... | 1995 | 16031875 |
| effects of predator removal on vertebrate prey populations: birds of prey and small mammals. | we studied the effects of removal of breeding nomadic avian predators (the kestrel, falco tinnunculus and tengmalm's owl, aegolius funereus) on small mammals (voles of the genera microtus and clethrionomys and the common shrew, sorex araneus) during 1989-1992 in western finland to find out if these predators have a regulating or limiting impact on their prey populations. we removed potential breeding sites of raptors from five manipulation areas (c. 3 km(2) each), whereas control areas had nest- ... | 1995 | 28306779 |
| filaroides infections in wild ferrets (mustela putorius) and stoats (mustela erminea). | 1996 | 16031937 | |
| [superovulation induced by the administration of pmsg to mustelids]. | in this paper, we have attempted to use the technique of superovulation in mustelids. ermine (mustela erminea) and several species of ferret (mustela eversmanni, mustela putorius, mustela putorius furo [correction of hamster (putorius eversmanni, putorius putorius, putorius putorius furo)] have been used as experimental models. we have conducted a detailed study of superovulation and early embryonic development in animals of these species treated with pmsg [correction of gpms]. we have shown tha ... | 1997 | 9411315 |
| studies of bioaccumulation and biotransformation of pcbs in mustelids based on concentration and congener patterns in predators and preys. | bioaccumulation of non-, mono-, and di-ortho-substituted chlorobiphenyls (cbs) was investigated in four species of mustelids (weasel, stoat, polecat, and otter) and their preys, from a restricted area in the northern part of the netherlands. diets of these mustelids ranged from terrestrial (weasel, stoat, and polecat) to aquatic (otter). diet-specific biomagnification factors (bmfs), cb in diet relative to cb in mustelids, were calculated for the sum of 28 congeners (sigmacb), for the sum of the ... | 1998 | 9776784 |
| microsatellite markers for american mink (mustela vison) and ermine (mustela erminea). | 1999 | 10507871 | |
| ingestion of neospora caninum tissue cysts by mustela species. | dogs are a definitive host of neospora caninum, a protozoal parasite that causes abortion in cattle. mustelids were tested to determine if they could also be definitive hosts. the procedures used were the same as those previously used to test dogs. ermine (mustela erminea), weasels (mustela frenata) and ferrets (mustela putorius) were fed n. caninum-infected mice. neospora caninum oocysts were not observed. mustelid faeces were fed to mice. the mice did not seroconvert and n. caninum was not det ... | 1999 | 10608439 |
| intrageneric diversity of the cytochrome b gene and phylogeny of eurasian species of the genus mustela (mustelidae, carnivora). | to illuminate molecular phylogenetic relationships among eurasian species of the genus mustela (mustelidae, carnivora), we determined nucleotide sequences of the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene region (1,140 base pairs). molecular phylogenetic trees, constructed using the neighbor-joining and the maximum likelihood methods, showed the common topology of species relationships to each other. the american mink m. vison first branched off and was positioned very remotely from the other spec ... | 2000 | 18517304 |
| live fast--die young. the life history of stoats and weasels. | rarely seen but endowed with a larger-than-life reputation, stoats and weasels are among our most common and yet most enigmatic predators. they are the world's smallest carnivores and they spend much of their short lives in a frenetic search for prey. their quicksilver behaviour and 'burn-out not fade-away' lifestyle provide many puzzles for biologists and conservationists alike. | 2000 | 11190243 |
| helminth fauna of the stoat (mustela erminea linneaus, 1758) and the weasel (m. nivalis linnaeus, 1758) in belorussian polesie. | helminthological examinations of 30 stoat and 31 weasel carcasses were carried out in belorussian polesie (southern part of belarus, brest and gomel regions) between 1980 and 1999. the total rate of helminth infection of these animals was 78.7%. a total of 23 stoats and 25 weasels were infected by helminths. the animals were hosts for 20 species of helminths. | 2001 | 11511009 |
| influence of primary sedimentation on pre-denitrification system performances. | the effects of suppressing primary sedimentation on nitrogen removal efficiency of a pre-denitrification system have been evaluated for a large municipal wastewater treatment plant. simulations have been carried out using the stoat model. for both the process schemes with and without primary sedimentation, nitrification efficiencies are calculated for increasing influent loads of cod, total n and suspended solids. the sensitivity analysis shows that for the usual carbon to nitrogen ratios in the ... | 2001 | 11496661 |
| histological evidence of disease in wild stoats (mustela erminea) in england. | forty-four free-living stoats were collected from five game estates in england and examined for evidence of disease. all the macroscopic lesions were attributable to the trauma associated with being trapped or shot. there were no significant microscopic lesions in 27 (61 per cent) of the stoats. there was evidence of nematode parasitism in the intestines of six stoats (14 per cent), and in the lungs of five stoats (11 per cent), and of pulmonary granulomatous inflammation or microgranulomas in f ... | 2001 | 11765324 |
| paratuberculosis infection of nonruminant wildlife in scotland. | recent reports of natural paratuberculosis (or johne's disease) in rabbits, foxes, and stoats has focused debate on the presence and importance of wildlife reservoirs in the epidemiology of this disease. this paper describes an extensive study investigating 18 nonruminant wildlife species for evidence of paratuberculosis. using both culture and histopathological analysis, fox, stoat, weasel, crow, rook, jackdaw, rat, wood mouse, hare, and badger were found to harbor mycobacterium avium subsp. pa ... | 2001 | 11283080 |
| mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis: pathogen, pathogenesis and diagnosis. | johne's disease, or paratuberculosis, is a chronic intestinal infection caused by mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. the usually fatal disease is characterised by cachexia, and in some species diarrhoea, after a long pre-clinical phase. treatment is ineffective and economically impracticable. the infection primarily affects domestic and free-ranging ruminants, but has also been reported in primates, rabbits, stoats and foxes. since paratuberculosis is often subclinical, under-reporting ... | 2001 | 11288509 |
| echinococcus multilocularis in carnivores from the klatovy district of the czech republic. | a unique human case of alveolar echinococcosis was described in 1979 from the klatovy district of the czech republic. however, there were no previous epidemiological studies in this area focusing on detection of the source of infection--echinococcus multilocularis adults producing eggs. during the period june 1997 to april 1999, 29 out of a total of 46 (63.3%) red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in the klatovy district and one of four foxes (25.0%) in the pilsen south district were found to be infected wi ... | 2001 | 11345074 |
| mycobacterium bovis infection in wildlife in new zealand. | bovine tuberculosis (tb) is the most important disease of livestock in new zealand, and it puts at risk the nation's trade in dairy, beef and venison products. elimination of the disease from livestock is based on a herd test and slaughter programme and carcass inspection at abbatoirs. however, this programme has not been as successful as expected, because the disease also occurs in wild or feral animals acting as vectors of the disease to livestock. brushtail possums are the major wildlife vect ... | 2001 | 11466031 |
| the ability of various chemicals to elicit olfactory beta-waves in the pyriform cortex of meadow voles (microtus pennsylvanicus) and laboratory rats (rattus norvegicus). | previous research has shown that, in freely moving laboratory rats, the odors of benzyl alcohol, camphor, carvacrol, isopentenyl methyl sulfide, 2-propylthietane, salicylaldehyde, trimethylthiazoline, and xylene (plus other compounds) elicit high amplitude bursts of roughly 20-hz waves (beta-waves) in the olfactory bulb and pyriform cortex. since all these compounds are effective antifeedants in a variety of small herbivores, a more extensive test of the effect of the odor of a variety of antife ... | 2002 | 11750900 |
| phylogeography of endemic ermine (mustela erminea) in southeast alaska. | the north pacific coast (npc) of north america is a region of high mammalian endemism, possibly due to its highly fragmented landscape and complex glacial history. for example, four island and one mainland subspecies of ermine, mustela erminea, have been described as endemic to southeast alaska alone. to better understand the role of past climatic change in generating diversity in the region, we examined dna sequence variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 210 ermine from across nort ... | 2002 | 11972765 |
| the effect of extended in-sewer storage on wastewater treatment plant performance. | a project funded by ukwir is under way in the uk to develop a relatively simple methodology whereby the effects of the introduction of extended in-sewer storage at csos on downstream sewerage and treatment can be assessed. recent legislation (uk and european) has compelled many sewer system operators to introduce systems which increase in-sewer retention times, and also retain more flow and load within sewer networks. the project has reviewed existing knowledge about the interaction between in-s ... | 2002 | 11902475 |
| phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among mustelids (mammalia: carnivora) based on nucleotide sequences of the nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein and mitochondrial cytochrome b genes. | phylogenetic relationships among 20 species-group taxa of mustelidae, representing mustelinae (mustela, martes, gulo), lutrinae (enhydra), and melinae (meles), were examined using nucleotide sequences of the nuclear interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein (irbp) and mitochondrial cytochrome b genes. neighbor-joining and maximum-parsimony phylogenetic analyses on these genes separately and combined were conducted. while irbp performed better than cytochrome b in recovering more-inclusive clad ... | 2003 | 12655187 |
| detection and isolation of helicobacter mustelae from stoats in new zealand. | to determine the incidence of helicobacter mustelae in stoats (mustela erminea) in new zealand. | 2003 | 16032314 |
| cyclic dynamics in a simple vertebrate predator-prey community. | the collared lemming in the high-arctic tundra in greenland is preyed upon by four species of predators that show marked differences in the numbers of lemmings each consumes and in the dependence of their dynamics on lemming density. a predator prey model based on the field-estimated predator responses robustly predicts 4-year periodicity in lemming dynamics, in agreement with long-term empirical data. there is no indication in the field that food or space limits lemming population growth, nor i ... | 2003 | 14593179 |
| cranial variation in british mustelids. | nineteen measurements were made on 136 skulls belonging to seven mustelid species: meles meles (eurasian badger), mustela nivalis, (weasel), mustela erminea (stoat), mustela putorius (polecat), lutra lutra (otter), mustela furo (ferret), and mustela vison (american mink), and polecat-ferret hybrids. to investigate shape, size-related effects were eliminated by dividing all measurements by their geometric means. canonical variate analysis was used to reveal major interspecies distinctions. exclud ... | 2004 | 15052596 |
| efficacy of piper (piperaceae) extracts for control of common home and garden insect pests. | extracts from three species of the plant family piperaceae, piper nigrum [l.], piper guineense [schum & thonn, and piper tuberculatum [jacq.], were tested for efficacy against insects from five orders. all three species contain isobutyl amides, plant secondary compounds that act as neurotoxins in insects. these materials are considered safe to mammals because piper spp. were used for centuries for spice and medicinal purposes. when 24-h p. nigrum lc50 values were compared between common insect p ... | 2004 | 15384353 |
| antibody responses to rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus in predators, scavengers, and hares in new zealand during epidemics in sympatric rabbit populations. | to test for antibodies to rabbit haemorrhagic disease (rhd) virus (rhdv) in sera from mammals and birds associated with rabbit populations infected with rhdv. | 2004 | 15768102 |
| volatile compounds from anal glands of the wolverine, gulo gulo. | dichloromethane extracts of wolverine (gulo gulo, mustelinae, mustelidae) anal gland secretion were examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. the secretion composition was complex and variable for the six samples examined: 123 compounds were detected in total, with the number per animal ranging from 45 to 71 compounds. only six compounds were common to all extracts: 3-methylbutanoic acid, 2-methylbutanoic acid, phenylacetic acid, alpha-tocopherol, cholesterol, and a compound tentatively ... | 2005 | 16132215 |
| comparative phylogeography between the ermine mustela erminea and the least weasel m. nivalis of palaearctic and nearctic regions, based on analysis of mitochondrial dna control region sequences. | phylogeography of the ermine mustela erminea and the least weasel m. nivalis from palaearctic and nearctic regions were investigated based on mitochondrial dna control region sequences. mustela erminea exhibited a very low level of genetic variation, and geographic structures among populations were unclear. this may indicate that m. erminea recently reoccupied a wide territory in eurasia following the last glacial retreat. in comparison with m. erminea, genetic variations within and among popula ... | 2005 | 16286718 |
| chemical constraints on the evolution of olfactory communication channels of moths. | it is estimated there are over 100,000 moth species (lepidoptera) that produce sex pheromones comprising communication channels used in specific-mate-recognition systems (smrs) involved in pre-zygotic mating isolation and speciation. about 1572 moth species have been found to use 377 pheromone components, the majority being alcohols, aldehydes or acetate esters of olefinic chains of 10-22 carbons. since there are limited numbers of possible unsaturated (double bonded) e- and z-configured isomers ... | 2005 | 15862589 |
| acceptance by stoats (mustela erminea) of 1080 (sodium monofluoroacetate) in small-volume baits and its effect on behaviour and time to death. | to assess whether stoats (mustela erminea) would eat small baits containing 0.1% sodium monofluoroacetate (1080); whether they would die from it; how long it would take to kill them; and to document the behaviour of 1080-intoxicated stoats. | 2006 | 17151737 |
| bait-delivered pimozide causes precocious embryo implantation in mink: a fertility control option for the exotic stoat? | stoats (mustela erminea), an exotic pest in new zealand, threaten the conservation of several ground-nesting bird species and broad-scale methods for their control are sought. females are seasonally monestrous, show a 9-month period of obligatory diapause and usually do not breed more than once in their lives. a bait-delivered agent that terminates diapause and results in a non-viable embryo may have a significant impact on their reproductive success. prolactin (prl) is hypothesised to be the on ... | 2006 | 16930517 |
| unexpected consequences of vertebrate pest control: predictions from a four-species community model. | although indirect effects are important structuring forces in ecological communities, they are seldom considered in the design of pest control operations. however, such effects may cause unpredicted and deleterious changes in other populations that could reduce or even negate the benefit to endangered species for which control is undertaken. furthermore, the complexity and nonlinearities inherent in interacting ecological communities may cause thresholds in the strength of pest control, on eithe ... | 2006 | 16827002 |
| bioeconomic modeling in conservation pest management: effect of stoat control on extinction risk of an indigenous new zealand passerine, mohua ochrocephala. | pest control is a key activity undertaken to conserve threatened and declining species. although bioeconomic analysis has been used to contrast the relative efficiency of control strategies where pests affect economic resources, the same approaches have been adopted rarely in conservation settings. the mohua (mohoua ochrocephala) is an insectivorous passerine indigenous to beech (nothofagus spp.) forests in new zealand's south island. mohua have undergone a 75% range contraction since stoats (mu ... | 2006 | 16903109 |
| parasites of carnivorous mammals in białowieza primeval forest. | although the parasitofauna of wild carnivorous mammals in poland is quite well recognized, there has been only one research carried on this issue so far in białowieza forest--the last lowland primeval forest of temperate zone in europe. | 2006 | 17007336 |
| olfactory receptors on the maxillary palps of small ermine moth larvae: evolutionary history of benzaldehyde sensitivity. | in lepidopterous larvae the maxillary palps contain a large portion of the sensory equipment of the insect. yet, knowledge about the sensitivity of these cells is limited. in this paper a morphological, behavioral, and electrophysiological investigation of the maxillary palps of yponomeuta cagnagellus (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae) is presented. in addition to thermoreceptors, co(2) receptors, and gustatory receptors, evidence is reported for the existence of two groups of receptor cells sensitive ... | 2007 | 17372741 |
| stoats (mustela erminea) provide evidence of natural overland colonization of ireland. | the current irish biota has controversial origins. ireland was largely covered by ice at the last glacial maximum (lgm) and may not have had land connections to continental europe and britain thereafter. given the potential difficulty for terrestrial species to colonize ireland except by human introduction, we investigated the stoat (mustela erminea) as a possible cold-tolerant model species for natural colonization of ireland at the lgm itself. the stoat currently lives in ireland and britain a ... | 2007 | 17412682 |
| bovine tuberculosis infection in wild mammals in the south-west region of england: a survey of prevalence and a semi-quantitative assessment of the relative risks to cattle. | in the united kingdom, badgers are implicated in the transmission of mycobacterium bovis to cattle, but little information is available on the potential role of other wild mammals. this paper presents the results of the largest systematic uk survey of m. bovis infection in other wild mammals. mammal carcasses (4715) from throughout the south-west region of england were subjected to a systematic post mortem examination, microbiological culture of tissues and spoligotyping of isolates. infection w ... | 2007 | 16434219 |
| prevalence of cryptosporidium species in wildlife populations within a watershed landscape in southeastern new york state. | a cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of cryptosporidium in wildlife in the new york city (nyc) watershed in southeastern new york state. a total of 6227 fecal samples were collected and evaluated from 5892 mammals (38 species), 263 birds (14 species), 2 reptiles (2 species), 8 amphibians (4 species), and 62 fish (15 species). cryptosporidium was detected in 30 species. of the species found positive for cryptosporidium, 16 represented new records for this parasite-alo ... | 2007 | 17466459 |
| geographic and host range of the nematode soboliphyme baturini across beringia. | the nematode soboliphyme baturini petrov, 1930, was found to represent a single species with a relatively broad geographic range across beringia and northwestern north america on the basis of the assessment of molecular sequence data for adult and juvenile parasites. refuted are hypotheses suggesting that several cryptic species could be partitioned either among an array of mustelid definitive hosts or across the vast region that links north america and eurasia. host specificity for this species ... | 2007 | 18163341 |
| understanding contributions of cohort effects to growth rates of fluctuating populations. | 1. understanding contributions of cohort effects to variation in population growth of fluctuating populations is of great interest in evolutionary biology and may be critical in contributing towards wildlife and conservation management. cohort-specific contributions to population growth can be evaluated using age-specific matrix models and associated elasticity analyses. 2. we developed age-specific matrix models for naturally fluctuating populations of stoats mustela erminea in new zealand beec ... | 2007 | 17714273 |
| histological and serological evidence of disease among invasive, non-native stoats mustela erminea. | invasive, non-native species are a major threat to global biodiversity. stoats were introduced from britain to new zealand in the 1880s and have since caused grave conservation problems. a histopathological and serological survey of disease and infection in stoats from new zealand was undertaken to identify agents that might be used or modified to control this population. of 60 stoats examined, 63% exhibited inflammation of the lung, mostly occurring as local or diffuse interstitial pneumonia, 3 ... | 2008 | 17434325 |
| isolation of mycobacterium bovis and other mycobacterial species from ferrets and stoats. | as part of wildlife surveillance for bovine tuberculosis, pooled lymph nodes from 21,481 ferrets, 1056 stoats and 83 weasels were cultured for mycobacteria. a total of 268 isolates of mycobacterium bovis were obtained from ferrets, 2 from stoats and none from weasels, demonstrating the presence of a wildlife reservoir of infection in ferrets. dna typing by restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) of 48 selected isolates of m. bovis revealed 23 rea types. twenty-one of these types had previously b ... | 2008 | 18632227 |
| genetic identification of mammalian carnivore species in the kushiro wetland, eastern hokkaido, japan, by analysis of fecal dna. | to identify mammalian carnivore species distributed in the kushiro wetland, eastern hokkaido, japan, we developed molecular-genetic methods for identification of the species from fecal samples collected from the field. species-specific primers and pcr programs were established for five native and six alien species of carnivores: martes zibellina, mustela nivalis, mustela erminea, vulpes vulpes, and nyctereutes procyonoides as native species, and neovison vison, martes melampus, mustela itatsi, c ... | 2008 | 18828658 |
| [new animal hosts of rabies virus in mountain areas in zhejiang province]. | to understand the prevalence of rabies among wild animals and the animal species in rabies epidemic areas of zhejiang province. | 2009 | 19731524 |
| the first record of molineus patens (dujardin, 1845) (nematoda, molineidae) in the ermine (mustela erminea l.) in poland. | a single specimen of the nematode molineus patens (dujardin, 1845) was isolated from the intestine of the ermine (mustela erminea l.) found dead on a road in lubuskie voivodeship (western poland) in july 2008. since this is the first record of the parasite in the ermine from poland, description, biometrical data and figures are given. | 2009 | 20209821 |
| the roles of predator maturation delay and functional response in determining the periodicity of predator-prey cycles. | population cycles in small mammals have attracted the attention of several generations of theoretical and experimental biologists and continue to generate controversy. top-down and bottom-up trophic regulations are two recent competing hypotheses. the principal purpose of this paper is to explore the relative contributions of a variety of ecological factors to predator-prey population cycles. here we suggest that for some species - collared lemmings, snowshoe hares and moose in particular - matu ... | 2009 | 19563815 |
| phenotypic and microscopic description of a new case of ermine phenotype. | we describe a new case of ermine phenotype. the patient had the striking pattern of skin and hair involvement that characterize the condition, global developmental delay, growth retardation, microcephaly, and bilateral hearing loss. results of extensive workup for several other neurologic, metabolic, mitochondrial, genetic and chromosomal conditions were normal. microscopic examination demonstrated normal numbers of melanocytes and variable amounts of pigment depending on the degree of pigmentat ... | 2009 | 19449401 |
| [the preimplantation embryonic development of 2 species of mammals from the family mustelidae (mustela erminea and mustela vison)]. | the preimplantation development of common weasel and american mink embryos was studied using light microscopy. oocytes and blastomeres of these embryos are rich with lipids synthesized during oogenesis. apparently, most lipids are utilized during the trophoblast formation. large spherical blastomeres protecting zona pellucida are formed by the stage of implantation. the shape of the blastocyst, as well as central superficial implantation, are typical for carnivores and distinguish the studied or ... | 2010 | 8152724 |
| field vole (microtus agrestis) seasonal spacing behavior: the effect of predation risk by mustelids. | there are numerous studies showing that predation risk may change different aspects of the behavior of prey, such as habitat use, activity pattern, and foraging. prey should exhibit the strongest antipredatory response against their most deadly predator. small mustelids are considered the most important mammalian predators of voles. nevertheless, there is no general agreement as to whether strong antipredatory reactions exist in natural free-living populations of voles. here, we studied the fiel ... | 2010 | 20352179 |
| molecular phylogeny of the small ermine moth genus yponomeuta (lepidoptera, yponomeutidae) in the palaearctic. | the small ermine moth genus yponomeuta (lepidoptera, yponomeutidae) contains 76 species that are specialist feeders on hosts from celastraceae, rosaceae, salicaceae, and several other plant families. the genus is a model for studies in the evolution of phytophagous insects and their host-plant associations. here, we reconstruct the phylogeny to provide a solid framework for these studies, and to obtain insight into the history of host-plant use and the biogeography of the genus. | 2010 | 20360968 |
| evolution of multicomponent pheromone signals in small ermine moths involves a single fatty-acyl reductase gene. | fatty-acyl coa reductases (far) convert fatty acids into fatty alcohols in pro- and eukaryotic organisms. in the lepidoptera, members of the far gene family serve in the biosynthesis of sex pheromones involved in mate communication. we used a group of closely related species, the small ermine moths (lepidoptera: yponomeutidae) as a model to investigate the role of fars in the biosynthesis of complex pheromone blends. homology-based molecular cloning in three yponomeuta species led to the identif ... | 2010 | 20534481 |
| functional flexibility as a prelude to signal diversity?: role of a fatty acyl reductase in moth pheromone evolution. | sex pheromones are the hallmark of reproductive behavior in moths. mature females perform the task of mate signaling and release bouquets of odors that attract conspecific males at long range. the pheromone chemistry follows a relatively minimal design but still the combinatorial action of a handful of specialized pheromone production enzymes has resulted in remarkably diverse sexual signals that subtly vary in structure and in number and ratio of components. in a recent article,1 we showed that ... | 2010 | 21331247 |
| development of a new humane toxin for predator control in new zealand. | the endemic fauna of new zealand evolved in the absence of mammalian predators and their introduction has been responsible for many extinctions and declines. introduced species including possums (trichosurus vulpecula kerr), ship rats (rattus rattus l.) and stoats (mustela erminea l.) are targeted to protect native birds. control methodologies currently rely largely on labor-intensive trapping or the use of increasingly unpopular poisons, or poisons that are linked with low welfare standards. he ... | 2010 | 21392319 |
| angiostrongylus vasorum infection in a stoat. | 2010 | 20139386 | |
| unexpected consequences of control: competitive vs. predator release in a four-species assemblage of invasive mammals. | ecology letters (2011) abstract: invasive species are frequently the target of eradication or control programmes to mitigate their impacts. however, manipulating single species in isolation can lead to unexpected consequences for other species, with outcomes such as mesopredator release demonstrated both theoretically and empirically in vertebrate assemblages with at least two trophic levels. less is known about the consequences of species removal in more complex assemblages where a greater numb ... | 2011 | 21806747 |
| habitat selection, reproduction and predation of wintering lemmings in the arctic. | snow cover has dramatic effects on the structure and functioning of arctic ecosystems in winter. in the tundra, the subnivean space is the primary habitat of wintering small mammals and may be critical for their survival and reproduction. we have investigated the effects of snow cover and habitat features on the distributions of collared lemming (dicrostonyx groenlandicus) and brown lemming (lemmus trimucronatus) winter nests, as well as on their probabilities of reproduction and predation by st ... | 2011 | 21701915 |
| Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis infection in wildlife on three deer farms with a history of Johne's disease. | To determine the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) infection in wildlife, in pastoral landscapes with a recent history of clinical Johne's disease in livestock. | 2011 | 22040334 |