Publications

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on the mechanism of tonic immobility in vertebrates.1. the durations of successive periods of induced tonic immobility in the lizard anolis carolinensis was examined as a function of temperature. an automatic recording method was employed and observations were made of 12,000 to 15,000 immobilizations with six animals over a temperature range of 5 degrees to 35 degrees c. during 5 months. 2. the durations of the immobile periods were found to vary rhythmically in most cases. the reciprocal of the duration of the rhythm, i.e., the rate of change of ...192819872431
social behavior of the normal and castrated lizard, anolis carolinensis. 193617742372
the effect of posterior lobe principles and certain amines on the melanophores of anolis carolinensis. 194621020559
the effects of thiourea on the thyroid gland and molting behavior of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 194915396601
hibernation of the lizard anolis carolinensis. 195313037893
effect of season on appetite and food consumption of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 195513273501
the development of the reproductive system of a lizard, anolis carolinensis. 195613302156
blood chemistry and parietal eye of anolis carolinensis. 195713505877
the effect of sulfhydryl inhibitors and thiol compounds on pigment aggregation and dispersion in the melanophores of anolis carolinensis. 195713480308
photoperiodic stimulation of appetite and growth in the male lizard, anolis carolinensis. 195713475660
neural activity in the parietal eye of a lizard.electrical signs of activity in response to illumination of the parietal eye of the american chameleon, anolis carolinensis, have been investigated. the responses were of two types. under conditions of direct-coupled amplification, with glass pipette electrodes recording extracellularly from the retinal surface, the response consisted of an increase in negativity maintained throughout prolonged illumination. with capacitance-coupled amplification and metal electrodes, brisk mass discharges of ne ...196214474119
[electron microscopic studies on the cytology and angiology of the epiphysial stalk of anolis carolinensis]. 196514326930
environmental temperature and thyroid function in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19655848001
anolis carolinensis: effects of feeding on reaction to aposematic prey.during a 15-day experiment, green anoles, anolis carolinensis, were: (i) presented with one of two aposematic insects, oncopeltus fasciatus or photinus pyralis, during days 4, 6, and 8; (ii) maintained on one of four different food levels during days 9-14; and (iii) presented with the original model on day 15. lizards on low rations tended to capture more photinus on day 15 than did anoles on higher rations. no such correlation was observed with oncopeltus.196617737596
interaction of prolactin and gonadotropins on appetite, growth, and tail regeneration in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19676050517
environmental control of annual testicular cycles in the lizard anolis carolinensis. ii. seasonal variations in the effects of photoperiod and temperature on testicular recrudescence. 19676080552
epiermal morphology and sloughing frequency in normal and prolactin treated anolis carolinensis (iguanidae, lacertilia). 19676073684
environmental control of annual testicular cycles in the lizard anolis carolinensis. i. interaction of light and temperature in the initiation of testicular recrudescence. 19676076908
effects of exogenous prolactin on reproduction and growth in adult males of the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19676068015
factors influencing rates of tail regeneration in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19685711893
morphology of the regenerated spinal cord in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19685712416
in vitro myogenesis of promuscle cells from the regenerating tail of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19685697116
histological changes in the epidermis of the subdigital lamellae of anolis carolinensis during the shedding cycle. 19685687376
effect of parathyroidectomy in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19685646882
presence and distribution of gonadotropin and thyrotropin in the pars distalis of the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19695406009
effects of mammalian gonadotropins (fsh and lh) on the testes of the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19695406002
environmental control of annual testicular cycles in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 3. temperature thresholds for photoperiodism. 19695372010
gonadotropic activity of salmon pituitary extract in the male lizard (anolis carolinensis). 19695406659
a histological study of the regenerative response in a lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19695371999
the dermal chromatophores of anolis carolinensis (reptilia, iguanidae). 19695353009
parathyroid glands and calcium and phosphate regulation in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19695769951
effects of adenohypophysectomy on testicular function in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19695406640
in vitro demonstration of adrenergic receptors controlling melanophore responses of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19694388349
effects of cyclic 3',5'-amp and other adenine nucleotides on the melanophores of the lizard (anolis carolinensis).1. cyclic 3',5'-amp has been reported to darken skins of the frog, rana pipiens. this suggests that cyclic 3',5'-amp may mediate the action of msh on amphibian chromatophores. since msh also darkens skins of the lizard, anolis carolinensis, we investigated the effects of cyclic 3',5'-amp and other nucleotides on anolis melanophores to determine whether cyclic 3',5'-amp may be the intracellular mediator of hormone action on melanophores of another vertebrate class.2. cyclic 3',5'-amp, itself, cau ...19694310588
chromatophores and color change in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19704193617
characteristics of brain and liver monoamine oxidase in a reptile, anolis carolinensis. 19705527568
the growth and differentiation of the regenerating spinal cord of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19705425076
evidence for separate receptors for melanophore stimulating hormone and catecholamine regulation of cyclic amp in the control of melanophore responses.1. skins of the lizard anolis carolinensis darken in vitro in response to melanophore stimulating hormone (msh), a peptide hormone, as well as to catecholamines. these hormones darken anolis skins by dispersing the sub-cellular organelle, the melanosome, out into the dendritic processes of the dermal melanophores.2. dibutyryl cyclic amp and methylxanthines also darken skins. in addition, methylxanthines are synergistic with both catecholamines and msh in causing skin darkening. these data sugges ...19704392960
lizard calcium metabolism: lack of effect of mammalian calcitonin on serum calcium or phosphate levels in normal and parathyroidectomized lizards, anolis carolinensis. 19705438600
the effect of acth on the sloughing frequency of normal and thyroidectomized anolis carolinensis (iguanidae, lactertilia). 19704315588
calcium requirement for melanophore-stimulating hormone action on melanophores.the calcium ion is specifically required for the action of melanophorestimulating hormone on melanosome dispersion within lizard (anolis carolinensis) melanophores in vitro. the response to this hormone is directly related to the concentration of the ca(2+) ion. lithium, choline, rubidium, and cesium will replace the sodium and potassium of ringer solution if ca(2+) is present. calcium ions are not required for melanosome dispersion itself, since theophylline or dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monoph ...19714328482
intercellular bridges between follicle cells and oocyte in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19715088401
further observations on tail regeneration in anolis carolinensis (iguanidae, lacertilia). 19715571592
gonadotropic activities of the subunits of ovine fsh and lh in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19715087963
effects of hypophysectomies and thyroxine replacement upon the initiation of tail regeneration in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19725047380
the effect of hyperthyroidism on the photoperiodic stimulation of testicular recrudescence in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19725016215
fine structural observations relating to the production of color by the iridophores of a lizard. anolis carolinensis.this paper presents the results of light and electron microscopy done on iridophores in the dorsal skin of the lizard anolis carolinensis. new fine-structural details are revealed, and their importance is discussed. of some interest is the complex of filaments between crystalline sheets in the cell. it is proposed that this complex is involved in the arrangement of crystals into crystalline sheets, and that the crystal arrangement and spacing are critical for the production of the cells' blue-gr ...19725013601
fine structure of the stellate cell in the pars distalis of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19725009888
catabolism of epinephrine- 14 c by american chameleons (anolis carolinensis). 19725009676
observations on the fine structure of the pars intermedia in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19725009672
some histochemical observations on the kidney of the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19724115679
presence of lateral eye lens crystallins in the median eye of the american chameleon.with the use of immunofluorescence techniques, gamma globulin antibody specific for the crystallins of anolis carolinensis lateral eye lens was applied to sections through the median (parapineal) eye of anolis carolinensis. only the median eye lens exhibited fluorescence specific for the crystallins; other structures were negative. these results indicate that the lens of the reptilean median eye shares tissue-specific antigenic determinants with the lens of the lateral eye. this suggests a possi ...197217836135
some morphological and ultrastructural changes in the ependyma of the amputation stump during early regeneration of the tail in the lizard, anolis carolinensis.light and electron microscope studies indicate that the old ependyma just proximal to the plane of amputation in early lizard tail regenerates shows a sequence of morphological changes which suggests that it as well as the new ependyma growing into the regenerate may play an active role in the initiation and maintenance of early tail regeneration. the old ependyma close to the plane of amputation undergoes hypertrophy and/or hyperplasia causing a partial closure of the central canal and pseudost ...197330336651
thecal vascularity in ovarian follicles of different size and rank in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19734795952
coition-induced inhibition of sexual receptivity in female lizards. (anolis carolinensis). 19734795486
ultrastructural studies of lizard (anolis carolinensis) myogenesis in vitro. 19734363800
endocrine control of clutch size in reptiles. ii. compensatory follicular hypertrophy following partial ovariectomy in anolis carolinensis. 19734736674
glycolytic and lipolytic effects of ovine fsh and estradiol-17 in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19734699374
ultrastructure of the pars distalis of the lizard anolis carolinensis with special reference to the identification of the gonadotropic cell. 19734348378
endocrine control of clutch size in reptiles. i. effects of fsh on ovarian follicular size-gradation in leiolopisma laterale and anolis carolinensis. 19734689585
proceedings: evidence for a direct stimulatory effect of serotonin on melanocyte-stimulating hormone release from the pituitary pars intermedia of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19744443720
castration and androgen replacement on male facilitation of ovarian activity in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19744430758
embryology and cytodifferentiation of the pituitary gland in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19744479118
filaments and microtubules in the gonadotrophic cell of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19744852046
inhibition by corpora atretica of ovarian sensitivity to environmental and hormonal stimulation in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19744835872
proceedings: the characteristics of melanocyte-stimulating hormone release from incubated hemi-pituitaries of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19744835924
endocrine control of clutch size in reptiles. 3. delta5-3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in different-sized ovarian follicles of anolis carolinensis. 19744829472
spheroidal bodies in the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum of lizard myocardial cells.the sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) of lizard (anolis carolinensis) myocardial cells has been examined, with particular attention being paid to the structural details of the peripheral couplings (junctional sr). spheroidal bodies are present within the opaque core of junctional sr; these can be seen both in sections made en face and in sections cut to show the apposition of the junctional sr with the sarcolemma. opaque junctional processes extend between the sarcolemma and the peripheral junctional ...19744824288
interaction of growth hormone with testosterone in stimulating the renal sexual segment of anolis carolinensis. 19744817323
effects of unseasonal environmental regime, group presence, group composition and males' physiological state on ovarian recrudescence in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 19744810388
the blood-brain barrier in a reptile, anolis carolinensis. 19744416108
thermoregulatory function of the parietal eye in the lizard anolis carolinensis.animals were acclimitized to a daily cycle of 15-25°c and a photoperiod of ld 12:12. parietalectomized animals in an experimental thermal gradient (15°c-40°c, ld 12:12) selected significantly higher temperatures than controls at all hours of the day except from 0800-1200. these results suggest that the lizard parapineal plays a direct role in thermoregulation in addition to the indirect function as an illuminometer.197428308800
mast cell histamine and ovarian follicular growth in the lizard anolis carolinensis.the hypothesis is proposed that histamine released from mast cells in the theca of ovarian follicles increases thecal hyperemia and vessel permeability, and thus plays a role in follicular growth in anolis carolinensis. mast cells are present in the stroma and theca, and the number of thecal mast cells increases as follicles grow. the levels of histamine in follicular walls varies with follicular size. histamine causes vasodilatation of thecal vessels. antihistamine blocks the effects of histami ...19751176907
biochemical characterization of crystals from the dermal iridophores of a chameleon anolis carolinensis.the biochemical characteristics of dermal iridophore crystals from anolis carolinensis have been investigated. iridophores isolated by collangenase-hyaluronidase treatment were sonicated and their contents fractionated through sucrose. pure iridophore crystals so obtained were examined by chromatography and electron diffraction. they were found to be pure hydrated crystalline form. the suggestion is made that the subcrystalline structure of this guanine does not play a role in color production b ...19751167183
circadian rhythm in the brain serotonin concentrations of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 1975241580
endocrine control of clutch size in reptiles. iv. estrogen-induced hyperemia and growth of ovarian follicles in the lizard anolis carolinensis. 19751150077
re-introduction and evaluation of an accurate, high capacity bioassay for melanocyte-stimulating hormone using the skin of anolis carolinensis in vitro.a simple and rapid assay for the quantitative determination of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (msh) activity, using skin fragments of the lizard anolis carolinensis in vitro, is described in detail. this assay, in which a quantal response (e.g. induction of a brownish-green colour) can be detected by visual observation, allows determination of msh activity in up to 50 samples/day by one person, using the skin of one lizard. the mean dose found to induce this colour change was 0-15 ng synthetic a ...1975170354
experimental infection of anole lizards (anolis carolinensis) with mycobacterium ulcerans by the subcutaneous route.to test whether herpetofauna could be a laboratory model for mycobacterium ulcerans, 21 anole lizards were inoculated subcutaneously with viable m. ulcerans, 21 with autoclaved organisms, and 14 with an aqueous solution of 0.01% tween 80. m. ulcerans was recovered in culture from the slowly progressive lesions which developed at the inoculation site in lizards receiving the viable bacteria. progressive lesions did not occur in the two control groups. three patterns of inflammatory response to vi ...19751155700
experimental alimentary infection of anole lizards (anolis carolinensis) with mycobacterium ulcerans.pathogenic mycobacterium ulcerans were recovered from the stool of anole lizards up to 11 days after inoculation by stomach tube. m. ulcerans was isolated from the liver of 3 of 20 lizards and acid fast bacteria were seen in the mucosa of intrahepatic bile ducts in 2 of these 10 weeks post-inoculation. these results provide equivocal support for our hypothesis that herpetofauna are a reservoir of infection with m. ulcerans.1976961984
glucagon levels in pancreatic extracts and plasma of the lizard (1).levels of glucagon in the splenic pancreas and in plasma of the lizard anolis carolinensis were estimated by radioimmunoassay. the splenic pancreas of anolis has a glucagon concentration nearly a 1000 times greater, on a weight basis, than that of the mammalian pancreas. glucagon-like immunoreactivity (gli) of anolian plasma varied over a wide range, but relative to mammals the gli levels were inappropriately elevated for the concentration of plasma glucagon secretion, particularly as related to ...1976970344
body temperature of the lizard (anolis carolinensis): effect of parietalectomy.thermal behavior of parietalectomized, sham-parietalectomized or intact lizards (anolis carolinensis) was recorded in a test chamber containing moving photothermal gradients. following parietalectomy, animals chose significantly higher temperatures than sham-parietalectomized or intact control animals, which chose lower and statistically identical temperatures. when pre-surgical and post-surgical means are compared within groups, the eccritic temperature was 2.10 degrees c higher following parie ...1976978158
endocrine control of clutch size in reptiles. vi. patterns of fsh-induced ovarian stimulation in adult anolis carolinensis. 1976992323
hormones and social behavior in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. 1976945226
mating-induced termination of behavioral estrus in the female lizard, anolis carolinensis. 1977565335
circadian rhythms and the effects of lighting on tonic immobility in two species of lizard (anolis carolinensis and hemidactylus turcicus). 1977901368
endocrine control of clutch size in reptiles. viii. antiestrogenic effects of clomiphene citrate in the lizard anolis carolinensis.the influence of clomiphene citrate on follicle-stimulating-hormone (fsh) and estradiol-induced growth of ovarian follicles and oviducts in the lizard a. carolinensis was studies. in experiment 1 lizards received 14 daily injections of either saline, clomiphene (1, 10 or 20 mcg), or fsh (1 or 10 mcg) or combined clomiphene-fsh treatment. in experiment 2, adult lizards with hypertrophied, vitellogenic ovaries, and enlarged oviducts, weres adenohypophysectomized and treated with a daily dose of .0 ...1977558004
thermal and photic preferences in intact and parietalectomized anolis carolinensis. 1977856161
an autoradiographic study of the effects of fsh and estradiol-17beta on early ovarian follicular maturation in adult anolis carolinensis. 1977832817
hormonal control of male reproductive behavior in the lizard, anolis carolinensis: role of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and estradiol.the androgen aromatization hypothesis was examined in the male lizard, anolis carolinensis. after castration, sc silastic implants of testosterone (t) restored both challenge and courtship behavior, while dihydrotestosterone (dht) or 17beta-estradiol (e) had no effect on male behaviors. both t and dht, but not e, stimulated hypertrophy and colloid production by the renal sex segment, a secondary sexual characteristic of male lizards. in two separate studies, castrates received dht in combination ...1978748019
role of the anterior hypothalamus-preoptic area in the regulation of reproductive behavior in the lizard, anolis carolinensis: implantation studies. 1978748144
adrenocortical effects on carbohydrate metabolism in anolis carolinensis. 1978720819
the role of the anterior hypothalamus-preoptic area in the regulation of male reproductive behavior in the lizard, anolis carolinensis: lesion studies. 1978372084
estrogen localization in the brain of the lizard, anolis carolinensis (1).estrogen induces reproductive behavior in lizards by acting on specific areas of the brain. neural areas that selectively concentrate radioactivity after 3-h-estradiol administration were mapped using thawmount autoradiography. major accumulations of hormone-concentrating cells occur in the medial preoptic area, basal hypothalamus, amygdala (n. vetromedialis telencephali) and in and around the torus semicircularis. numerous smaller accumulations are also described and the topographical distribut ...1978670922
an autoradiographic study of the effects of mammalian gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone) and estradiol-17beta on [3h]thymidine labeling of surface epithelial cells, prefollicular cells, and oogonia in the ovary of the lizard anolis carolinensis. 1978566690
a study of the structure of the papilla neglecta in the lizard, anolis carolinensis.scanning and transmission electron microscopy have been used to investigate the structure of the papilla neglecta in the lizard, anolis carolinensis. situated in the posterior part of the utricle, the receptor is innervated by a branch of the posterior ampullary nerve and is covered by an extracellular membrane that exhibits a tapering extension into the orifice of the utriculo-saccular duct. the neuroepithelium contains two populations of sensory cells within a matrix of sustentacular cells; on ...1978646139
control of the pars intermedia of the lizard, anolis carolinensis. i. ultrastructure of the intact neural lobe.the ultrastructure of the neural lobe of the lizard, anolis carolinensis, was studied after fixation in a threefold aldehyde solution. the neural lobe appeared as narrow vertical diverticula separated from one another and from the pars intermedia by a continuous vascular septum. no nerves passed through this septum. the ependymal, fibrous and external layers were readily recognized. peptidergic fibres were the main component of the fibrous layer. the peptidergic endings were in intimate contact ...1978627018
hemipenile preference: stimulus control of male mounting behavior in the lizard anolis carolinensis.the urogenital system of squamate reptiles is represented by separate, bilaterally symmetrical tracts. males alternate in their use of the right and left hemipenes. sensory feedback from the hemipenis and, to a lesser extent, from the ipsilateral testis is important in determining which hemipenis the male will use for mating.197817812952
sensitive new in vitro bioassay for melanocyte-stimulating activity using the skin of anolis carolinensis.an accurate, highly reproducible and sensitive bioassay for melanocyte-stimulating hormone (msh) using the skin of anolis carolinensis in vitro is described. the time taken for green anolis skin fragments to change to a specific, visually assessed, green-brown color is dose-related, and this forms the basis of the new assay. the method is simple to perform, and 1 person may assay 20 samples in a day using the dorsal skin from a single adult lizard. the mean dose-response ranges between 48 x 10(- ...1978212484
melanocyte-stimulating hormone--mimetic action of the phenothiazines.we have compared the melanophore-stimulating action of four phenothiazines, trifluoperazine, perphenazine, chlorpromazine, and prochlorperazine, with alpha-msh on the skin of the lizard anolis carolinensis, using a new rate method of bioassay. the dose-response curves for the phenothiazines were parallel to that of alpha-msh, and when given together alpha-msh and chlorpromazine were additive. the phenothiazines may therefore stimulate melanosome dispersion in the lizard skin by the same mechanis ...197824711
stimulant effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine on action potential activity in pars intermedia cells of the lizard anolis carolinensis: contrasting effects in pars intermedia of rat and rostral pars distalis of fish (alosa pseudoharengus). 1979509221
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