Publications

antigenic studies of oral and nonoral black-pigmented bacteroides strains.	antigens of several oral and nonoral strains of bacteroides asaccharolyticus (proposed classification of oral b. asaccharolyticus, bacteroides gingivalis), bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius, b. melaninogenicus subsp. melaninogenicus, and b. melaninogenicus subsp. levii were identified in soluble preparations obtained by sonication, autoclaving, and naoh treatment of whole bacterial cells. the sonicate preparations contained the most complete representation of soluble antigens using ...	1980	7216426
modulation of immunoreactivity to periodontal disease-associated microorganisms during pregnancy.	the lymphocyte blastogenic response to a panel of antigens and mitogens was assessed in a group of 20 women throughout their pregnancy. in addition, a group of five nonpregnant women was monitored simultaneously to identify variations in response to the same stimulants. the stimulants included orally associated bacterial antigens (streptococcus sanguis, actinomyces viscosus, bacteroides asaccharolyticus, bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius, bacteroides [capnocytophaga] ochraceus, and ...	1980	7399691
bacteriologic evaluation of the efficacy of mechanical root canal instrumentation in endodontic therapy.	the presence of bacteria in 17 single-rooted teeth, with periapical lesions, was studied throughout a whole period of treatment. the root canals were irrigated with physiologic saline solution during instrumentation. no antibacterial solutions or dressings were used. bacteria were found in all initial specimens from the teeth (median number of bacterial cells 4 x 10(5), range 10(2) - 10(7)) and the number of strains in the specimens ranged from 1 to 10.88% of the strains were anaerobic. the most ...	1981	6947391
enzymatic characterization of some oral and nonoral gram-negative bacteria with the api zym system.	the api zym system (analytab products, plainview, n.y.), containing 19 chromogenic substrates, was utilized semiquantitatively to detect extracellular acid and alkaline phosphatases, aminopeptidases, proteases, esterase-lipase, phosphoamidase, and glycosidases in 128 oral and nonoral isolates of black-pigmented bacteroides, actinobacillus, haemophilus aphrophilus, capnocytophaga, fusobacterium nucleatum, wolinella recta, and veillonella parvula. in the black-pigmented bacteroides group of organi ...	1981	7026598
black-pigmented bacteroides spp. in the human oral cavity.	five healthy children under 6 years of age, five healthy adults, and 10 adult periodontitis patients were examined for the prevalence and distribution of black-pigmented bacteroides in the oral cavity. a total of 13 samples was obtained from each individual, including four supragingival and four subgingival dental plaques, dental occlusal surface, buccal mucosa, dorsal tongue, tonsil, and whole saliva. black-pigmented bacteroides were recovered from nine adult periodontitis patients. healthy adu ...	1981	6111541
effects of estradiol and progesterone on bacteroides melaninogenicus and bacteroides gingivalis.	bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius increases in the subgingival microflora during pregnancy. these studies evaluated direct interactions between hormonal steroids and oral bacteroides species. resting cell suspensions of pure cultures of plaque organisms were incubated anaerobically with [14c]estradiol and [14c]progesterone. uptake of labeled compound per microgram of bacterial protein was determined by thin-layer chromatography and liquid scintillation counting. b. melaninogenicus s ...	1982	6119293
humoral immune response to oral microorganisms in periodontitis.	serum antibody titers from patients with periodontitis were compared with those from periodontally healthy subjects. with the micro-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoglobulin g (igg), iga, and igm antibody titers to isolates of streptococcus sanguis, actinomyces viscosus, bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius, bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius, bacteroides ochraceus, and fusobacterium nucleation were determined. antibod ...	1982	6126434
long-wave uv light fluorescence for identification of black-pigmented bacteroides spp.	black-pigmented bacteroides strains were grown on blood agar, and the colonies were evaluated for fluorescence from long-wave uv light. most test strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius exhibited a brilliant red fluorescence. b. melaninogenicus subsp. melaninogenicus fluoresced mostly red-orange. bacteroides asaccharolyticus showed a yellow or red fluorescence. the intensity of the bacteroides fluorescence weakened when the black pigment of the colonies developed. in contrast, ...	1982	7161378
relationship between oxygen tension and subgingival bacterial flora in untreated human periodontal pockets.	the predominance of anaerobic bacteria in subgingival plaque samples suggests that the pocket environment is anaerobic. in the present investigation, a small oxygen tension (po2) electrode was inserted into the base of the pocket and the po2 was recorded. in addition, the plaque in these pockets was examined culturally and microscopically. the oxygen tension at the bottom of 36 pockets (5 to 10 mm in depth) ranged from 5 to 27 mmhg (1 mmhg congruent to 133.3 pa) with a mean value of 13.3 mmhg. m ...	1983	6642647
infectivity of organisms recovered from polymicrobial abscesses.	the ability to cause subcutaneous abscesses in mice was used to identify the pathogens among the bacteria recovered from 13 clinical abscesses. a total of 35 isolates (30 anaerobes and 5 aerobes), 16 of which were encapsulated, were recovered from these abscesses. encapsulated organisms included eight bacteroides spp. (three bacteroides asaccharolyticus and one strain each of bacteroides oralis, bacteroides intermedius, bacteroides biacutus, bacteroides vulgatus, and bacteroides ruminicola subsp ...	1983	6642674
bacterial igg and igm antibody titers in acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis.	igg and igm antibody titers to eight bacterial isolates were measured by indirect immunofluorescence and elisa in sera from acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (anug) patients during the acute phase, from anug patients during the convalescent phase, from patients with gingivitis and from subjects with normal gingiva. subjects were matched with respect to age and sex. compared to the gingivitis and healthy groups, the anug groups exhibited significantly higher igg and igm titers to intermedia ...	1983	6138399
antigenic heterogeneity of bacteroides intermedius as recognized by monoclonal antibodies.	four hybrid cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against antigens of bacteroides intermedius were generated by fusing murine nsi cells with splenocytes from a rat immunized with b. intermedius strain omz248. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze the distribution of the recognized antigens on 39 strains from various bacteroides species and on 5 strains from other genera. only bacteroides species b. intermedius, b. loescheii, b. melaninogenicus, and b. corporis were found ...	1983	6196291
degradation of the human proteinase inhibitors alpha-1-antitrypsin and alpha-2-macroglobulin by bacteroides gingivalis.	various strains of black-pigmented bacteroides species were grown on horse blood agar and suspended in human serum. after various times of incubation the effect of the bacteria on the serum was evaluated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and "rocket" immunoelectrophoresis. the formation of trichloroacetic acid-soluble material in the suspensions and the capacity of the treated sera to inhibit the activity of trypsin were also determined. the two tested strains of bacteroides gingivalis (w83, ...	1984	6198282
taxonomy of anaerobes: present state of the art.	results of nucleic acid studies, which indicate relationships among strains and species more clearly than do usual phenotypic tests, have led to new bacteriologic nomenclature. some major changes in bacteroides include the recognition of three species (bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides denticola, and bacteroides loescheii) formerly grouped in b. melaninogenicus subspecies melaninogenicus; two species (bacteroides intermedius with two closely related homology groups and bacteroides corpori ...	1984	6201990
clinical, microbiological and immunological features associated with the treatment of active periodontosis lesions.	clinical, microbiological and immunological factors were examined using data from a subject with periodontosis. the subject was monitored at bimonthly intervals for 26 months at 6 sites per tooth for redness, plaque, suppuration, bleeding on probing, pocket depth, and attachment level. using attachment level measurements and the tolerance method of analysis, sites with active disease and control (inactive) sites of equal pocket depth were selected. subgingival plaque samples were taken from thes ...	1984	6386896
bacteriological study of periodontal lesions in two sisters with juvenile periodontitis and their mother.	a total of five bacteriological samples from the periodontal pockets of two sisters with localized juvenile periodontitis and their mother with advanced periodontitis was studied. gram-negative anaerobic rods were predominant in the samples. bacteroides intermedius and bacteroides loescheii were the most predominant species. the antigenicity and bacteriocinogenicity of these isolates were quite similar. serum immunoglobulin g antibody levels of the subjects to gram-negative periodontopathic bact ...	1984	6429040
production of monoclonal antibodies that recognize specific and cross-reactive antigens of bacteroides gingivalis.	four monoclonal antibodies directed against bacteroides gingivalis were established by hybridoma technology. their reactivity against b. gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, and bacteroides melaninogenicus was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. three monoclonal antibodies specifically reacted with b. gingivalis. one recognized antigens that were cross-reactive between b. gingivalis and b. intermedius. these monoclonal antibodies provide new tools for antigenic analysis of b. ging ...	1984	6480112
human neutrophil migration under agarose to bacteria associated with the development of gingivitis.	in clinically healthy gingiva and increasingly with the development of inflammation, neutrophils are found in the gingival tissues and sulcus. this study evaluated the relative ability of bacteria associated with gingival health and developing inflammation to stimulate this increase in neutrophil accumulation. dialyzed bacterial sonic extracts (be) in buffer and pooled human serum (phs) from pure cultures of streptococcus sanguis. actinomyces viscosus, a naeslundii, bacteroides intermedius, fuso ...	1984	6592328
immunoglobulin g response to subgingival gram-negative bacteria in human subjects.	serum and gingival crevicular fluid from normal healthy adults and patients with periodontitis were screened for immunoglobulin g antibodies to antigens from bacteroides gingivalis 381, bacteroides intermedius 24, bacteroides loescheii atcc 15930, fusobacterium nucleatum atcc 25586, eikenella corrodens 1073, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans atcc 29522, and capnocytophaga sp. strain m-12. immunoglobulin g antibody titers to the antigens were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. t ...	1984	6735473
production of broad-spectrum bacteriocin-like activity by group a streptococci of particular m-types.	application of a bacteriocin production (p)-typing scheme to group a streptococci has shown that approximately 10% of the tested strains inhibit the growth of all 9 indicator bacteria, an activity referred to as p-type 777. production of such activity was found to be restricted to 14 m-serotypes and within these m-types the incidence of p-type 777 activity was very high. there was no evidence of any correlation with the t-antigenic composition of the bacteria. investigations of the conditions fo ...	1985	2409712
human serum antibodies against bacteroides intermedius. antigenic heterogeneity impairs the interpretation of the host response.		1985	2416900
experimentally induced subcutaneous infection by black pigmented bacteroides species in rats.	in a rat model of anaerobic subcutaneous abscess developed to study the pathogenicity of pure cultures of black pigmented bacteroides sp. (bacteroides melaninogenicus and bacteroides intermedius) maximum lesions were seen between 7 and 15 days after inoculation. abscesses were produced by one type strain each of b. melaninogenicus and b. intermedius and by 20 of 25 clinical isolates of black pigmented bacteroides species.	1985	2865315
bacteroides intermedius binds fibrinogen.	the binding of bacteroides intermedius vpi 8944 to human fibrinogen has been characterized. the binding is time dependent, at least partially reversible, saturable, and specific. on an average, a maximum of 3,500 fibrinogen molecules bind per bacterial cell, with a dissociation constant of 1.7 x 10(-11) m. these bacteria also exhibit a fibrinogenolytic activity which can be partially inhibited by protease inhibitors. bacteria release fibrinogenolytic activity into the surrounding medium without ...	1985	2991200
relationship between some subgingival bacteria and periodontal pocket depth and gain or loss of periodontal attachment after treatment of adult periodontitis.	we studied the association between post-treatment periodontal disease activity and subgingival bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, spirochetes and motile rods. 20 adults, 22-62 years, with moderate-to-severe periodontitis participated in a split-mouth treatment study. all individual quadrants received supragingival cleaning and in addition, subgingival scaling and a nahco3-nacl-h2o2 slurry, subgingival scaling alone, slurry alone, or no subgingival treatment. post-treatment periodon ...	1985	3860517
survival analysis of periodontal sites before and after periodontal therapy.	periodontal diseases appear to progress with bursts of destructive activity at individual sites. one effect of treatment might be to diminish the frequency of such bursts. survival analysis was employed to seek such effects on the periodontal sites of 16 individuals with prior evidence of destructive periodontal disease. the subjects were monitored at bi-monthly intervals and actively breaking down sites were detected using attachment level measurements and the tolerance method of analysis. when ...	1985	3860518
gram negative species associated with active destructive periodontal lesions.	apical subgingival plaque samples were taken from 19 subjects exhibiting active destructive periodontal disease. the predominant cultivable gram negative species from 50 active sites were compared to 69 inactive sites of comparable pocket depth and attachment level loss. active disease sites were chosen which showed a significant loss of attachment within a two-month interval. proportions of gram negative rods were higher in active periodontal disease sites than in inactive sites. species which ...	1985	3863838
the relationships between streptococcal species and periodontopathic bacteria in human dental plaque.	the existence of antagonistic and commensal relationships between microorganisms was investigated. the predominant cultivable flora in 172 plaque samples from active and non-active sites in 32 human subjects with destructive periodontitis was determined. the presence of putative periodontopathic organisms (bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, bacteroides forsythus, wolinella recta, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, and eikenella corrodens) in a site was correlated with the absenc ...	1985	3868968
subgingival microorganisms and bacterial virulence factors in periodontitis.	considerable information has come forth in recent years on the pathogenic organisms in human periodontitis and the sequence of events by which they produce periodontal disease. important periodontopathogens include bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. virulence factors of b. gingivalis and b. intermedius may mainly involve enzymes with potential to interfere with host defenses and to disintegrate periodontal tissues. pathogenic properties of a ...	1985	3890135
the establishment of reproducible, complex communities of oral bacteria in the chemostat using defined inocula.	nine commonly isolated oral bacterial populations were inoculated into a glucose-limited and a glucose-excess (amino acid-limited) chemostat maintained at a constant ph 7.0 and a mean community generation time of 13.9 h. the bacterial populations were streptococcus mutans atcc 2-27351, strep. sanguis nctc 7865, strep. mitior ef 186, actinomyces viscosus wvu 627, lactobacillus casei ac 413, neisseria sp. a1078, veillonella alkalescens atcc 17745, bacteroides intermedius t 588 and fusobacterium nu ...	1985	3932293
serum antibody reactive with predominant organisms in the subgingival flora of young adults with generalized severe periodontitis.	in the present study we sought to determine whether serum antibody was present against microorganisms which predominate in the subgingival flora of young adults with generalized severe periodontitis (sp). subjects with sp were often seropositive for eubacterium brachy, fusobacterium nucleatum e3c22, and peptostreptococcus micros, whereas subjects with juvenile periodontitis (jp) and subjects with healthy periodontium (hp) were not. both sp and jp subjects were more frequently seropositive for ba ...	1985	3988337
microbial ecology of plaque in rats with naturally occurring gingivitis.	the microbial ecology of adherent plaque was investigated in relation to the pathological findings of gingivitis in plaque-susceptible rats. plaque developed in the gingiva of the lower incisor in plaque-susceptible rats, but not in plaque-resistant rats, after they were fed a commercial powder diet. with increase in plaque volume, the total counts of bacteria increased 10(9) to 10(11)/g. in the first 3 months, bacteroides species increased and became the predominant population. streptococcus sp ...	1985	3988345
ability of oral bacteria to degrade fibronectin.	the fibronectin-degrading ability of 116, mainly oral, strains was assayed by using plasma-derived fibronectin adsorbed to a polystyrene surface. ability to degrade fibronectin was revealed in strains of bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, bacteroides loeschii, staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, peptococcus prevotii, clostridium sporogenes, and propionibacterium acnes. the fibronectinolytic activity of subgingival bacteriological samples was found to be related to th ...	1986	3943910
comparison of clindamycin, metronidazole, and penicillin for the treatment of experimental infections in mice caused by beta-lactamase-producing bacteroides intermedius.	turbid saline suspensions (0.35 ml, approximately 10(9) organisms) of a strain of beta-lactamase-producing bacteroides intermedius were injected subcutaneously into the right groin of icr male mice. therapeutic intraperitoneal doses of clindamycin, metronidazole, or penicillin were administered 4 hr later, and thereafter at successive 8-hr intervals for a total of 12 doses. necropsy with culture of the infection site was performed 4 hr after the final dose. none of 10 clindamycin-treated animals ...	1986	3486740
attachment level changes in destructive periodontal diseases.	the present communication attempts to summarize some of the features of attachment loss which are of interest to the clinician and the statistician analyzing data from clinical trials. these include the measurements employed to detect changes in attachment level, the nature of the destructive disease process and the effects of therapy on the attachment level measurements. although there are several difficulties associated with the attachment level measurement, at the present time it appears to b ...	1986	3522651
bacterial adherence to gingival epithelial cells of rats with naturally occurring gingivitis.	bacterial adherence to gingival cells was compared in rats with spontaneous gingivitis (sus rat) and in control rats (res rat). in the sus rat, the number of adherent bacteria in gingival cells changed according to the progression of gingival inflammation. there was a correlation between the change of the number of adherent bacteria, progress of inflammation and ph in the pocket. in the res rat, the number of adherent bacteria was constant and very small. in the adherence assay, adherence of bac ...	1986	3457144
the occurrence of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius in destructive periodontal disease in adults.	a total of 235 subgingival sites, including 104 progressive deep lesions from 61 untreated patients, 26 progressive deep lesions from 10 treated patients, 33 nonprogressive deep sites from 20 untreated patients, and 72 nonprogressive sites from 55 treated patients were examined for actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius. the periodontal disease progression was mainly determined on the basis of radiographic changes in the crestal alveolar bone lev ...	1986	3462204
bacterial specificity in adult periodontitis. a summary of recent work.	3 studies investigated the importance of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius in progressive adult periodontitis. a total of 196 adults with advanced periodontitis and 475 periodontal sites were examined. the periodontal disease activity was assessed by changes in probing periodontal attachment level and crestal alveolar bone level. the composition of the subgingival microflora was determined by nonselective and selective culturing and indirect ...	1986	3466908
enhancement of bacteroides intermedius growth by fusobacterium necrophorum.	previous work from this laboratory has demonstrated the persistence of bacteroides intermedius in the livers of mice receiving an intraperitoneal inoculum of b. intermedius and fusobacterium necrophorum. this study was undertaken to determine whether f. necrophorum enhanced the in vitro growth of b. intermedius. tryptose phosphate broth did not support the growth of b. intermedius alone, but the bacterium did survive in a tryptose phosphate broth culture of f. necrophorum. b. intermedius culture ...	1986	3700605
double-blind analysis of the relation between adult periodontitis and systemic host response to suspected periodontal pathogens.	by using a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 200 randomly selected sera from red cross blood donors were screened for immunoglobulin g (igg), iga, and igm levels against actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis, and bacteroides intermedius. a subgroup of 79 blood donors was clinically examined for type and extent of periodontal destruction, and serological and clinical data were subjected in all possible dual combinations to correlation analyses. the results reveal ...	1986	3710586
chemical composition and biological properties of a lipopolysaccharide from bacteroides intermedius.	endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) from an oral strain of bacteroides intermedius was isolated by phenol extraction and purified by ultracentrifugation and gel filtration. the preparation was essentially free from contaminating nucleic acid and protein. the lps contained rhamnose, fucose, mannose, glucose, galactose, glucosamine, and an unidentified sugar (approximate molar ratios 9:1:6:3:1:7:2). neither heptose nor 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate was detected. the major fatty acids were 3-hydroxy-15-me ...	1986	3751580
the effect of lowering the ph on the composition and metabolism of a community of nine oral bacteria grown in a chemostat.	nine oral bacteria, associated with both healthy and diseased sites in the mouth, were grown at d = 0.05 h-1 (mean generation time 13.9 h) in a glucose-limited chemostat. after an initial period of steady-state growth at ph 7.0, ph control was discontinued. the ph then decreased until it stabilized at ph 4.1 after 9 d (16 generations), while the eh rose from -165 mv to +160 mv. the lowering in ph resulted in the composition and metabolism of the flora being altered and in increased bacterial agg ...	1986	3095488
interactions of bacteroides gingivalis with fibrinogen.	results of previous studies from our laboratory have shown that a strain of bacteroides intermedius isolated originally from a patient with acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis binds and degrades human fibrinogen (m.s. lantz, l.m. switalski, k.s. kornman, and m. hook, j. bacteriol. 163:623-628, 1985). we report that strains of bacteroides gingivalis, an organism implicated in the etiology of several forms of periodontitis, also bind and degrade fibrinogen. the binding is rapid, reversible, sa ...	1986	3096886
use of the rapid-ana system to screen for enzyme activities that differ among species of bile-inhibited bacteroides.	the rapid-ana system (innovative diagnostics systems, inc., atlanta, ga.) was used to test 102 strains of 14 species of phenotypically similar bile-inhibited bacteroides from humans. bacteroides oris, bacteroides veroralis, bacteroides buccalis, bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides loescheii, and bacteroides denticola had very similar enzyme activity profiles. clear differentiation of these six species by the rapid-ana system was not possible, but tests for arginine aminopeptidase and beta-g ...	1986	2871042
an electron microscope survey of the surface structures and hydrophobicity of oral and non-oral species of the bacterial genus bacteroides.	seventeen strains of bacteroides representing 10 species were examined by negative staining; the majority were from the mouth but a few non-oral strains were included. seven species had peritrichously-arranged, non-flagellar appendages which could be divided by morphology and ultrastructure into two subgroups, fibrils and fimbriae. bacteroides asaccharolyticus strains b536 and b537 and bacteroides gingivalis strains w50, w83, wph15 and wph35 had fimbriae with mean width of 4.4 nm and 0.5 to 6.0 ...	1986	2875705
fluorescent antibody and flagella stains for rapid detection of bacteria at periodontally healthy and diseased sites.	two rapid methods of identifying bacteria associated with periodontal disease were investigated to determine their diagnostic usefulness in longitudinal or epidemiologic studies. three nonmotile organisms were identified by fluorescent antibody stains (fa) while percentages of motile bacteria were assessed by counting all spirochetes, flagellated and nonflagellated organisms stained with a simplified silver-plating stain for flagella. relationships between disease activity and these bacteria fro ...	1986	2428966
keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria.	a test was developed to measure the keratinolytic activity of cutaneous and oral bacteria. keratin, labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate, was used in a phosphate buffer (ph 7.2) with 1 mm dithiothreitol. the degradation of keratin was estimated by measuring the fluorescence of the degradation products in the supernatant of the reaction mixtures in a luminescence spectrometer. several oral and cutaneous bacteria were investigated: bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, treponema dent ...	1987	2434427
toxic effects of lipopolysaccharide from bacteroides intermedius and escherichia coli assessed in the pre-implantation mouse embryo culture system.	a comparative study on the toxic effects of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) from the strictly anaerobic bacteroides intermedius bm1 and from escherichia coli 055 was performed. pre-implantation mouse embryos at the 2-cell stage from lps responder (c57bl/6j) and low responder (c3h/hej) mouse strains were exposed to the endotoxins, and development was observed during 72 h in vitro. toxic effects of both endotoxins on embryos from both mouse strains were demonstrated. b. intermedius lps was les ...	1987	3296652
effects of endotoxins from bacteroides intermedius and escherichia coli on cytotoxic and lysosomal activity in peritoneal macrophages from endotoxin responder and low responder mouse strains.	peritoneal macrophages from normal mice strains (c3h/tif and c57bl/6j) and from the endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) low responder strain (c3h/hej were exposed to two structurally different endotoxins from bacteroides intermedius and escherichia coli in vitro. intracellular activity of a lysosomal enzyme (acid phosphatase) and macrophage mediated cytotoxic activity against a tumor cell line (l929) were tested. both endotoxins caused increased levels of acid phosphatase activity in normal mice ...	1987	3307300
isolation of intact high-molecular-weight dna by using guanidine isothiocyanate.	a method for obtaining high-molecular-weight chromosomal dna from bacteroides intermedius and bacteroides gingivalis is described. this technique is a modification of the guanidine isothiocyanate isolation procedure for rna and should be useful for isolating intact dna from organisms with high endogenous nuclease activity.	1987	3426222
subinhibitory concentrations of tetracycline alter fibrinogen binding by bacteroides intermedius.	previous studies from our laboratory have shown that a strain of bacteroides intermedius, vpi 8944, an organism isolated originally from a patient with acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis, binds human fibrinogen rapidly, reversibly, specifically, saturably, and with high affinity (m.s. lantz, l.m. switalski, k.s. kornman, and m. höök, j. bacteriol. 163:623-628, 1985). we examined the effect of growth in subinhibitory levels (sub-mics) of tetracycline on fibrinogen binding by these bacteria a ...	1987	3439801
studies on bacterial synergism in mice infected with bacteroides intermedius and fusobacterium necrophorum.	this study was undertaken to characterize the kinetics of possible bacterial synergy using a mouse model of mixed intraabdominal infection with bacteroides intermedius and fusobacterium necrophorum. female cd-1 mice were injected intraperitoneally with b. intermedius, f. necrophorum or mixtures of both organisms. generalized septic peritonitis developed within 24 hr, with abscess formation occurring after one to two wk in survivors with the mixed infection. involvement of the reticuloendothelial ...	1987	3449614
effects of endotoxins from bacteroides intermedius and escherichia coli on human monocytes in vitro.	endotoxins (lipopolysaccharides, lpss) from the strictly anaerobic bacterium bacteroides intermedius and from escherichia coli were compared with respect to effects on human monocytes. exposure of monocyte monolayer cultures to the structurally different endotoxins caused morphological changes, demonstrated by large rounded cells containing cytoplasmic granules with the b. intermedius lps, and smaller cells with several cytoplasmic protrusions with the e. coli lps after 10 days of culture. the b ...	1987	2964769
the capability of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius to indicate progressive periodontitis; a retrospective study.	this study evaluated the statistical association of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius with progressive periodontitis. 146 adults with a history of advanced periodontitis contributed 105 "nonprogressing" and 130 "progressing" periodontal sites. periodontal disease activity was assessed by radiographic changes in crestal alveolar bone level. the subgingival proportion of the 3 test bacteria was determined by selective and nonselective culturin ...	1987	3469226
certain bacterial species and morphotypes in localized juvenile periodontitis and in matched controls.	subgingival microflora in localized juvenile periodontitis (ljp) was examined by culture of certain bacterial species and by direct dark-field microscopy in affected and unaffected periodontal pockets of 11 patients and in their age- and sex-matched controls. only actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (a.a.) correlated to periodontal destruction and occurred most frequently at the affected ljp sites. a.a., bacteroides intermedius and fusobacterium nucleatum were isolated in proportions greater th ...	1987	3473219
growth inhibitory effects of endotoxins from bacteroides gingivalis and intermedius on human gingival fibroblasts in vitro.	purified endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide from bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius caused a similar dose-dependent inhibition of growth of cultured human gingival fibroblasts as determined by 3h-thymidine incorporation and direct cell count. approximately 200 micrograms/ml endotoxin caused a 50% reduction in 3h-thymidine uptake of logarithmically growing cells. inhibition of growth was similar in cultures of fibroblasts derived from either healthy or diseased human gingiva. when ex ...	1987	3474394
a cross-reactivity study of whole genomic dna probes for haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides intermedius, and bacteroides gingivalis.	in this study, we evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of whole genomic dna probes for the periodontal pathogens haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides intermedius, and bacteroides gingivalis. by means of these probes, dna hybridizations were performed against other organisms found in the oral cavity and organisms previously determined to be genetically similar. all three probes were sensitive to 10(3) cells for their respective organism. the h. actinomycetemcomitans probe cross-rea ...	1987	3476552
structural determinants of activity of chlorhexidine and alkyl bisbiguanides against the human oral flora.	we assayed chlorhexidine and a series of its analogues, in which the chlorophenyl terminal substituents were replaced with alkyl chains, for their in vitro antimicrobial activity against the gram-negative and gram-positive oral bacteria. changes in antimicrobial activity were correlated with changes in agent structure for identification of structural criteria which may be important in the optimization of agent activity. chlorhexidine showed substantial antimicrobial activity against the gram-neg ...	1987	3476581
effect of immunization on experimental bacteroides gingivalis infection in a murine model.	balb/c mice were immunized with an invasive (a7a1-28) or noninvasive (381) bacteroides gingivalis strain, bacteroides intermedius, or ringer solution. all immunized mice were subsequently challenged with the invasive b. gingivalis strain and examined for septicemia or secondary spread of the infection or both. mice immunized with the invasive b. gingivalis strain localized the infection to the challenge site. mice immunized with the noninvasive b. gingivalis strain, b. intermedius, or ringer sol ...	1987	3653988
effects of extracts from bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, and bacteroides asaccharolyticus on the growth of fibroblast lines obtained from healthy and inflamed human gingiva.		1987	3507620
actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius: predictors of attachment loss?		1987	3507628
suspected periodontopathic microorganisms and their oral habitats in young children.	samples of subgingival plaque from 67 children, 5-7 years of age, were examined for the presence of certain suspected periodontal pathogenic species using the conventional technique of anaerobic sonification, dilution and spiral plating. when this technique was compared with a direct plating procedure which involved no preliminary dispersion and dilution of plaque specimens, it was found that the direct method resulted in double the frequency of children in whom black-pigmented bacteroides (bpb) ...	1987	10870469
prevalence and microbiology of localized prepubertal periodontitis.	loss of crestal alveolar bone at primary teeth was ascertained radiographically in a dental school clinical population of 2264 children. 19 patients (0.84%) demonstrated distinct periodontal bone destruction around one or more primary teeth; in only 2 of these patients had periodontal disease been identified in previous clinical examinations. a microbiological study of 35 subgingival samples from 9 available patients revealed a high prevalence of black-pigmented bacteroides spp., mainly bacteroi ...	1987	10870470
microbiology of subgingival plaque from children with localized prepubertal periodontitis.	localized prepubertal periodontitis has been described as a host-defect mediated form of bacterially induced periodontitis, with an early onset and rapid progression around a few teeth in children prior to puberty. to further our understanding of the etiology of this disease, we have examined the microbiological components of subgingival dental plaque in 9 children with localized prepubertal periodontitis to determine if patterns of putative pathogens existed, and have compared these results wit ...	1987	10870471
cross-inhibition between black-pigmented bacteroides species.	cross-inhibition within the group of black-pigmented bacteroides, including both oral and non-oral strains, was studied by means of a membrane filter technique. it was found that b. gingivalis possessed the most extended inhibitory capacity among all species tested. b. gingivalis showed inhibitory activity against b. intermedius, b. endodontalis, b. loescheii, and b. melaninogenicus. b. endodontalis was active against some b. intermedius strains. among the saccharolytic species, some b. melanino ...	1987	10872403
natural occurrence of black-pigmented bacteroides species in the gingival crevice of the squirrel monkey.	the objective of this study was to determine whether the squirrel monkey (saimiri scuireus) is indigenously colonized with black-pigmented bacteroides (bpb) resembling human bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius (suspected periodontal pathogens) and to determine the usefulness of the squirrel monkey as an in vivo model for studying colonization by putative pathogens. we assayed the subgingival plaques of 138 monkeys of various ages and in four different colonies for the presence of ...	1988	3410543
correlations between gingival crevicular fluid enzymes and the subgingival microflora.	bacteroides gingivalis is a gram-negative micro-organism implicated in the pathogenesis of adult periodontitis and producing relatively large amounts of specific enzymes. in the present study, subgingival samples taken from adults with moderate periodontitis were examined for the presence and relative amounts of enzymatic activity toward certain substrates. enzyme levels were then correlated with clinical periodontal indices and microbiological analysis of subgingival plaque, including darkfield ...	1988	3042823
antimicrobial agents in the treatment of periodontal diseases: special aspects on tetracycline and doxycycline.	increasing evidence for the involvement of specific microorganisms in the etiology of human periodontal diseases has appeared during the last few years. the microorganisms most likely to cause periodontal disease are actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius and capnocytophaga species. many of the strains are resistant to tetracycline and doxycycline. recently penicillin-resistant b. gingivalis and b. intermedius have also been described. a. actinomyce ...	1988	3047856
[prevalence and identification of serogroups of bacteroides intermedius isolated from human gingival crevice].		1988	3075720
serological studies of oral bacteroides intermedius.	bacteroides intermedius is a gram negative, anaerobic microorganism associated with certain forms of human periodontal disease, including adult periodontitis and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. previous studies have indicated the presence of two dna homology groups which could be distinguished by analysis of protein patterns on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, as well as at least two serogroups within b. intermedius. the present study examined the serology of b. intermedius and deter ...	1988	3131249
gamma interferon modulation of prostaglandin e2 release from monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharides from bacteroides intermedius, bacteroides gingivalis, and salmonella typhimurium.		1988	3152029
comparison of cultural methods and dna probe analyses for the detection of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis, and bacteroides intermedius in subgingival plaque samples.	the purpose of this study was to compare dna probe analyses to cultural methods for detecting three periodontal pathogens, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis, and bacteroides intermedius, in human subgingival plaque. subgingival sites from patients diagnosed as either healthy or showing evidence of gingivitis or juvenile or adult periodontitis were sampled using two paper points. the number of these pathogens from one paper point was determined using microbiologic media ...	1988	3166055
the comparative cytotoxicity of periodontal bacteria.	the direct cytotoxicity of sonic extracts (se) from nine periodontal bacteria for human gingival fibroblasts (hgf) was compared. equivalent dosages (in terms of protein concentration) of se were used to challenge hgf cultures. the cytotoxic potential of each se was assessed by its ability to (1) inhibit hgf proliferation, as measured by direct cell counts; (2) inhibit 3h-thymidine incorporation in hgf cultures; or (3) cause morphological alterations of the cells in challenged cultures. the highe ...	1988	3204481
relationships between periodontal health, salivary steroids, and bacteroides intermedius in males, pregnant and non-pregnant women.	relationships between four steroids, determined by radio-immunoassay of whole saliva, and clinical and bacteriological parameters were studied in 90 subjects: males, menstruating females, and pregnant females. pocket depths and both plaque and gingival bleeding scores were recorded. total counts and percentages of gram-negative organisms bacteroides and b. intermedius were determined from anaerobic cultures of subgingival plaque from 9-14 subjects in each group. none of the clinical parameters f ...	1988	3261302
fatty acids and sugars in lipoplysaccharides from bacteroides intermedius. bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides loescheii.		1988	3268745
the occurrence of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius and spirochaetes in the subgingival microflora of adolescents and their relationship with the amount of supragingival plaque and gingivitis.		1988	3268755
[colonization mechanism of bacteroides intermedius].		1988	3269631
microbiological and immunological studies of adult periodontitis in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.	the subgingival microflora and serum antibody response was examined in periodontitis patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm), impaired glucose tolerance (igt), and normal glucose tolerance (ngt). the predominant cultivable microflora was determined for subgingival plaque sampled from two deep periodontal pockets in each of eight adult periodontitis patients with niddm. indirect immunofluorescence for bacteroides intermedius, bacteroides gingivalis, and haemophilus actinomyce ...	1988	3276868
bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in human periodontal diseases.	bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius and actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans seem to be major pathogens in advancing periodontitis in man. first, these organisms are recovered in higher prevalence and proportions from progressive periodontitis lesions than from quiescent periodontal sites. second, antibody levels against b. gingivalis and a. actinomycetemcomitans are markedly elevated in serum and gingival crevice fluid of periodontitis patients compared to normal controls. third, b. ...	1988	3279073
the role of black-pigmented bacteroides in human oral infections.	today, 10 black-pigmented bacteroides (bpb) species are recognized. the majority of these species can be isolated from the oral cavity. bpb species are involved in anaerobic infections of oral and non-oral sites. in the oral cavity, bpb species are associated with gingivitis, periodontitis, endodontal infections and odontogenic abscesses. cultural studies suggest a specific role of the various bpb species in the different types of infection. bacteroides gingivalis is closely correlated with dest ...	1988	3280611
the use of whole-cell dna probes for the identification of bacteroides intermedius isolates in a dot blot assay.	bacteroides intermedius includes two distinct groups of organisms that are phenotypically indistinguishable by conventional methods. these two groups are represented by the type strain of the species atcc 25611t (b. intermedius type i) and by atcc 33563 (b. intermedius type ii). members of each group can be distinguished from each other by analysis of the cellular protein composition by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and by dna-dna homology studies, because they share less tha ...	1988	2902111
synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide probes for the rapid detection of bacteria associated with human periodontitis.	analysis of the subgingival microflora has recently implicated actinobacillus (haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans and several black bacteroides species in the aetiology of juvenile, adult and rapidly progressing periodontitis. rapid bacteriological diagnosis has been hampered by the slow growth and fastidious nature of these bacteria. to construct diagnostic probes, dideoxy sequencing of the 16s rrna molecules from a. (h.) actinomycetemcomitans, haemophilus aphrophilus, bacteroides gingivalis, b ...	1988	2469776
ultrastructure, serogrouping and localization of surface antigens of bacteroides intermedius.	the surface ultrastructure of 21 strains of bacteroides intermedius was investigated by electron microscopy. rat monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were used to define serogroups and to detect the location of surface antigens. all 21 isolates had capsules as demonstrated by the use of wet and dry indian ink stains. negative staining of whole cells with 1% (w/v) methylamine tungstate showed that all 21 isolates carried clumped peritrichous fibrils with strain dependent morphology, density and length (l ...	1989	2480991
[purification and some properties of neuraminidase from the culture medium of bacteroides loescheii atcc 15930].	the purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanism on enhanced hemagglutination caused by neuraminidase from bacteroides in an aspect of zeta-potential levels on erythrocytes and inhibitors on hemagglutination activity. the neuraminidase from the culture medium of bacteroides loescheii atcc 15930 was purified by ultrafiltration followed by deae-sephacel anion exchange chromatography, fast protein, polypeptide, polynucleotide, liquid chromatography using mono p column and finally high perf ...	1989	2488923
[osseointegrated implants in clinical dentistry. follow up maintenance phase].	the aim of this study is to determine the method of maintenance care for support the functional condition during long period. the present paper reports on the result of osseointegrated titanium fixture in four complete denture patients. the marginal soft tissue reactions were investigated at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th and 18th month after prothetic restrations by clinical examination and microbiological observations. all abutments were surrounded by clinically in healthy gingiva, however most indiv ...	1989	2489293
[bacteriological study of gingivitis in pubertal children. 2. subgingival microflora cultivable on the nonselective blood agar medium].	the present study involved cultural and microscopic characterization of the subgingival microorganisms of pubertal children with gingivitis. samples were obtained from eight children 12-14 years of age. gram-positive organisms made up 56% of the isolates and included mainly actinomyces israelii, actinomyces naeslundii. gram-negative anaerobic rods constituted 25% of the isolates and bacteroides intermedius (9.7%) was most predominant species. the selective media permitted significantly lower rec ...	1989	2489550
[biological characterization of bacteroides intermedius specific monoclonal antibody].	one monoclonal antibody (bif6) directed against bacteroides intermedius group i was developed by hybridoma technology. in the present study, we used culture medium from bif6 antibody-producing cells to characterize the antibody. its reactivity against b. intermedius (group i, ii), b. gingivalis, b. corporis, b. melaninogenicus, b. loescheii, and b. asaccharolyticus was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. bif6 monoclonal antibody specifically reacted with b. intermedius group i, bu ...	1989	2489667
[igg, iga and igm serum antibodies against lipopolysaccharide from bacteroides intermedius in periodontal health and disease].	serum antibody titers to lipopolysaccharide from bacteroides intermedius (b. intermedius) and bacteroides gingivalis (b. gingivalis) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum samples from subjects with healthy gingiva and patients with periodontitis. the igg antibody titers to lps from b. gingivalis were significantly higher in the patients group, compared with healthy controls. no such difference was found between igg activity to lps from b. intermedius in the healthy and the ...	1989	2489807
bactericidal concentrations of chlorhexidine-digluconate, amine fluoride gel and stannous fluoride gel for subgingival bacteria tested in serum at short contact times.	in vitro inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations in serum of chlorhexidine-digluconate, amine fluoride gel, stannous fluoride gel, stannous fluoride, metronidazole and amoxicillin were determined against bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides intermedius, fusobacterium nucleatum, actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and capnocytophaga sputigena. the minimal inhibitory concentration was assessed by the agar dilution technique. the killing curves and minimal bactericidal concentration of the antim ...	1989	2524581
immunoadjuvant effects of periodontitis-associated bacteria.	sonic extract (se) from periodontopathic bacteria were studied for their effects on the immune response and adjuvanticity. the preparations of se from a. actinomycetemcomitans, b. intermedius and b. gingivalis were found to have strong immunomodulating activity against the antigen itself and also sheep erythrocytes (srbc) in in vivo experiments using c3h/hen mice. all the se enhanced the immune response to antigen and srbc at low concentration. a strong immuno suppressive effect, however, was fo ...	1989	2533257
[gene cloning of an actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans y4 antigen that reacts to peripheral blood sera in advanced destructive periodontitis patients].	actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (a.a.) has been implicated in the etiology of juvenile periodontitis and also of advanced destructive periodontitis (adp). it has been reported that the levels of the igg antibody against the a.a. in the peripheral blood sera of the adp patients were often high as well as those against the bacteroides gingivalis. to clone the genes of antigen reactive to the sera of the adp patients, we constructed a phage library of the a.a. strain y4 dna in lambda l47, whic ...	1989	2533606
[effects of endotoxins from periodontopathic bacteria on the collagen metabolism of cultured normal human gingival fibroblasts].	the present study was performed to investigate the effects of endotoxins from periodontopathic bacteria on collagen metabolism. endotoxins were extracted from bacteroides gingivalis 381 and bacteroides intermedius atcc 25611 using the hot-phenol method. a commercially available endotoxin from escherichia coli 0111: b4 was also used as a control. human gingival fibroblasts (gin-1, atcc crl 1292) were maintained with dmem containing 10% fbs. when the fibroblasts became confluent they were exposed ...	1989	2562264
proteolytic activity in black-pigmented bacteroides species.	black-pigmented bacteroides species are frequently found in dentoalveolar abscesses. one general mechanism of bacterial virulence is the production of extracellular enzymes which degrade connective tissue or molecules associated with host defense. in this study the proteolytic activity of 18 bacterial strains from 9 black-pigmented bacteroides species was examined. bacteroides gingivalis degraded the greatest number of substrates studied and produced the highest levels of enzymatic activity. b. ...	1989	2576979
dna probe detection of key periodontal pathogens in juveniles.	recognition of juvenile forms of periodontitis have been shown to be directly linked with specific gram-negative rods, primarily actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis and bacteroides intermedius. however, clinical application of these laboratory findings have generally been restricted to the research environment. the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of these three pathogenic species in children using the reliable and accurate new technology of dna prob ...	1989	2593067
effect of ultrasonic instrumentation on bacteroides intermedius.	two physical mechanisms of ultrasound, cavitation and acoustic streaming, were investigated in an ultrasonic endodontic unit. in addition, the potential of ultrasonic instrumentation for disruption of bacteroides intermedius was examined at various time intervals. the ultrasonic file could not generate cavitation within the recommended power settings indicated for endodontic purposes. however, there was evidence of acoustic streaming. the latter phenomenon resulted in destruction of 21.6%, 30.4% ...	1989	2598890
clinical and microbiological characteristics of treated periodontitis patients on maintenance care.	a population of 98 adults previously treated for moderate to advanced adult periodontitis and currently maintained in a recall program for at least one year were recruited for this study. the ultimate purpose of the study is to determine whether the presence of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, bacteroides gingivalis, and bacteroides intermedius in selected periodontal sites can predict the future clinical course of these patients, particularly with respect to disease recurrence. this report ...	1989	2600753
prevalence of black-pigmented bacteroides species in root canal infections.	the prevalence of black-pigmented bacteroides species in the root canals of 72 teeth with apical periodontitis was evaluated. twenty-two of the canals contained one or more species of black-pigmented bacteroides. bacteroides intermedius (14 strains) and bacteroides endodontalis (5 strains) were most common. of the species bacteroides gingivalis, bacteroides loeschei, and bacteroides denticola, 2, 3, and 1 strains, respectively, were isolated. the median number of bacterial cells recovered from t ...	1989	2607261
antimicrobial susceptibilities of eubacterium, peptostreptococcus, and bacteroides isolated from root canals of teeth with periapical pathosis.	eubacterium, peptostreptococcus, and bacteroides were isolated in high frequency from root canals with acute periapical inflammation. the antimicrobial susceptibilities of these strains were studied by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations of different agents. although all three kinds of isolates were susceptible to penicillins, the isolates other than black-pigmented bacteroides were less susceptible to cephems, tetracyclines, and macrorides with several resistant strains. all strains w ...	1989	2607278
[toxicity of bacteroides intermedius surface extracts against mouse splenic lymphocyte].	the purpose of the present study is to clarify in vitro toxicity of surface sonic extracts from bacteroides intermedius (b. intermedius) atcc25611, b. intermedius atcc 33563 and bacteroides gingivalis (b. gingivalis) 381 against mouse splenic lymphocyte. especially the surface extracts from b. intermedius atcc 25611 were fractionated by high performance liquid chromatography (hplc) on a column of deae. the following results were obtained: 1) the surface extracts from b. gingivalis 381 and b. int ...	1989	2626166
the predominant cultivable microbiota of crevicular epithelial cells.	the purpose of the present investigation was to compare the composition of the predominant cultivable microbiota associated with gingival crevicular epithelial cells with that of the unattached microbiota recovered from the same site. samples were taken from 2 diseased sites from 8 periodontal patients, by scraping the epithelial lining of the pocket with a curette. the epithelial cells were separated from the unattached subgingival bacteria by centrifugation in a reduced 50% percoll density gra ...	1989	2628861
further studies on the degradation of immunoglobulins by black-pigmented bacteroides.	the ability of several species of black-pigmented bacteroides to degrade immunoglobulins a and g was confirmed in this study. the cleavage products from igg strongly stimulated the growth of bacteria degrading igg. growth of bacteroides gingivalis on limiting media supplemented with igg paralleled growth on complete medium. the degradation of igg and iga by black-pigmented bacteroides appeared to occur in 2 stages. the molecules were broken into large fragments which were subsequently degraded i ...	1989	2628862