Publications

[on the similarity of antigen between fungi and salmonella. 4. communication (author's transl)].	the immune sera for candida membranefaciens (c. majoricensis), candida guilliermondii var. carpophila, metschnikowia bicuspidata, syringospora stellatoidea and torulopsis candida agglutinated salmonella cholerae-suis (6,7). the immune serum for s. cholerae-suis agglutinated candida membranefaciens (c. majoricensis), candida guilliermondii var. carpophila, metschnikowia biscuspidata, syringospora stelladoidea and torulopsis candida. absorption and agglutination cross test demonstrated common anti ...	1976	65072
dehiscence and active spore release in pathogenic strains of the yeast metschnikowia bicuspidata var. australis: possible predatory implication.	strains of metschnikowia bicuspidata var. australis, pathogenic to brine shrimp (artemia salina), were observed to form asci which, upon reaching maturity, forcibly expelled their needle-shaped spores. the mechanical force responsible apparently originates from the formation of an ectoplasmic mucilage capable of exerting pressure over all of the ascus contents; when the apex of the peduncle ruptures, the ascospores are violently released. cytochemical analyses indicated that the gel is a substan ...	1976	1009503
[diagnosis of some yeasts in metschnikowia genus with the aid of salmonella cholerae-suis o agglutinating serum (author's transl)].	in this paper a common antigenic factor among salmonella choleraesuis 0 antigen and standard metschnikowia bicuspidata var. bicuspidata and m. pulcherrima strains is shown. this common factor was not present in m. bicuspidata var. australis, m. bicuspidata var. california, m. krissii and m. reukaufii strains. m. bicuspidata var. chathamia and m. zobellii showed agglutination in the previous experiments. according to these results, the use of s. choleraesuis 0:6,7 agglutinating serum for slide an ...	1980	7464579
dna relatedness among aquatic yeasts of the genus metschnikowia and proposal of the species metschnikowia australis comb. nov.	dna hybridization studies were conducted to determine the taxonomic status of the aquatic group of metschnikowia species and their varieties. among the dnas of the four varieties of metschnikowia bicuspidata, that of metschnikowia bicuspidata var. australis showed 37 to 51% relative binding with the dnas of metschnikowia bicuspidata var. bicuspidata and of the varieties chathamia and californica. on this basis, low intervarietal fertility, and unique habitat in antarctic seawater, we have propos ...	1985	4063880
phylogeny of metschnikowia species estimated from partial rrna sequences.	phylogenetic relationships of species assigned to the genus metschnikowia were estimated from the extents of divergence among partial sequences of rrna. the data suggest that the aquatic species (metschnikowia australis, metschnikowia bicuspidata, metschnikowia krissii, and metschnikowia zobellii) and the terrestrial species (metschnikowia hawaiiensis, metschnikowia lunata, metschnikowia pulcherrima, and metschnikowia reukaufii) form two groups within the genus. m. lunata and m. hawaiiensis are ...	1993	8494745
metschnikowia bicuspidata and enterococcus faecium co-infection in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii.	in may 2001, an epizootic yeast and bacterial co-infection in the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii occurred in taiwan causing a cumulative mortality of 25%. the diseased prawns had a yellowish-brown body color, milky hemolymph, opaque, whitish muscles, and were approximately 7 mo old with total lengths ranging from 8 to 10 cm. histopathological examination showed marked edema, yeast infiltration, and necrotic lesions with inflammation in the muscles, hepatopancreas and other inte ...	2003	12911064
yeast diversity in hypersaline habitats.	thus far it has been considered that hypersaline natural brines which are subjected to extreme solar heating, do not contain non-melanized yeast populations. nevertheless we have isolated yeasts in eight different salterns worldwide, as well as from the dead sea, enriquillo lake (dominican republic) and the great salt lake (utah). among the isolates obtained from hypersaline waters, pichia guilliermondii, debaryomyces hansenii, yarrowia lipolytica and candida parapsilosis are known contaminants ...	2005	15766773
upregulation of actin-like gene expression in giant freshwater prawns macrobrachium rosenbergii infected with metschnikowia bicuspidata.	the giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii is commercially cultured throughout the world including taiwan. from 1992 to 1995, taiwanese production decreased by approximately 50% due to disease. the yeast metschnikowia bicuspidata is considered to be one of the major causes of white muscle disease, but the molecular mechanism of its pathogenesis is not known. using rna differential display (dd) with muscle and hepatopancreatic tissue, we identified a 324 nucleotide (nt) message specific ...	2005	16231645
physical structure of lakes constrains epidemics in daphnia populations.	parasites are integral parts of most ecosystems, yet attention has only recently focused on how community structure and abiotic factors impact host-parasite interactions. in lakes, both factors are influenced by habitat morphology. to investigate the role of habitat structure in mediating parasitism in the plankton, we quantified timing and prevalence of a common microparasite (metschnikowia bicuspidata) in its host, daphnia dentifera, in 18 lakes that vary in basin size and shape. over three ye ...	2006	16869418
rapid evolution and ecological host-parasite dynamics.	traditionally, the termination of parasite epidemics has been attributed to ecological causes: namely, the depletion of susceptible hosts as a result of mortality or acquired immunity. here, we suggest that epidemics can also end because of rapid host evolution. focusing on a particular host-parasite system, daphnia dentifera and its parasite metschnikowia bicuspidata, we show that daphnia from lakes with recent epidemics were more resistant to infection and had less variance in susceptibility t ...	2007	17204116
metschnikowia bicuspidata dominates in taiwanese cold-weather yeast infections of macrobrachium rosenbergii.	at water temperatures below 17 degrees c, yeast infections often occurred in 6 to 11 mo old giant freshwater prawn macrobrachium rosenbergii (8 to 12 cm) in taiwan from may 2001 to december 2003, with a cumulative mortality of 20 to 95%. gross signs of disease included milky hemolymph, a yellow exoskeleton, opaque muscles, and a swollen hepatopancreas (hp). histopathology included marked edema and extensive necrotic lesions associated with large numbers of yeast aggregates and inflammation withi ...	2007	17629113
selective predation and rapid evolution can jointly dampen effects of virulent parasites on daphnia populations.	parasites are ubiquitous and often highly virulent, yet clear examples of parasite-driven changes in host density in natural populations are surprisingly scarce. here, we illustrate an example of this phenomenon and offer a theoretically reasonable resolution. we document the effects of two parasites, the bacterium spirobacillus cienkowskii and the yeast metschnikowia bicuspidata, on a common freshwater invertebrate, daphnia dentifera. we show that while both parasites were quite virulent to ind ...	2008	18260781
quality matters: resource quality for hosts and the timing of epidemics.	epidemiologists increasingly realize that species interactions (e.g. selective predation) can determine when epidemics start and end. we hypothesize here that resource quality can also strongly influence disease dynamics: epidemics can be inhibited when resource quality for hosts is too poor and too good. in three lakes, resource quality for the zooplankton host (daphnia dentifera) was poor when fungal epidemics (metschnikowia bicuspidata) commenced and increased as epidemics waned. experiments ...	2009	19049510
friendly competition: evidence for a dilution effect among competitors in a planktonic host-parasite system.	the "dilution effect" concept in disease ecology offers the intriguing possibility that clever manipulation of less competent hosts could reduce disease prevalence in populations of more competent hosts. the basic concept is straightforward: host species vary in suitability (competence) for parasites, and disease transmission decreases when there are more incompetent hosts interacting with vectors or removing free-living stages of a parasite. however, host species also often interact with each o ...	2009	19341148
beta-1,3-glucanase inhibits activity of the killer toxin produced by the marine-derived yeast williopsis saturnus wc91-2.	the marine-derived williopsis saturnus wc91-2 was found to produce very high killer toxin activity against the pathogenic yeast metschnikowia bicuspidata wcy isolated from the diseased crab. it is interesting to observe that the purified beta-1,3-glucanase from w. saturnus wc91-2 had no killer toxin activity but could inhibit activity of the wc91-2 toxin produced by the same yeast. in contrast, the wc91-2 toxin produced had no beta-1,3-glucanase activity. we found that the mechanisms of the inhi ...	2010	19941023
production of a novel and cold-active killer toxin by mrakia frigida 2e00797 isolated from sea sediment in antarctica.	the psychrotolerant yeast mrakia frigida 2e00797 isolated from sea sediment in antarctica was found to be able to produce killer toxin against the pathogenic yeast (metschnikowia bicuspidata wcy) in crab. when the psychrotolerant yeast was grown in the medium with ph 4.5 and 3.0% (wt/vol) nacl and at 15°c, it could produce the highest amount of killer toxin against the pathogenic yeast m. bicuspidata wcy. the crude killer toxin activity against the pathogenic yeast m. bicuspidata wcy was the hig ...	2010	20972898
production, purification, and characterization of a novel killer toxin from kluyveromyces siamensis against a pathogenic yeast in crab.	the yeast kluyveromyces siamensis hn12-1 isolated from mangrove ecosystem was found to be able to produce killer toxin against the pathogenic yeast (metschnikowia bicuspidata wcy) in crab. when the killer yeast was grown in the medium with ph 4.0 and 0.5% nacl and at 25 °c, it could produce the highest amount of killer toxin against the pathogenic yeast m. bicuspidata wcy. the killing activity of the purified killer toxin against the pathogenic yeast m. bicuspidata wcy was the highest when it wa ...	2011	21547457
epidemic size determines population-level effects of fungal parasites on daphnia hosts.	parasites frequently reduce the fecundity, growth, and survival of individual hosts. how often do these virulent effects reduce the density of host populations? spectacular examples show that recently invaded parasites can severely impact host populations--but what about parasites persisting long-term in host populations? we have addressed this issue using a zooplankton host (daphnia dentifera) that becomes infected with a fungal microparasite (metschnikowia bicuspidata). we combined observation ...	2011	21305322
relative incidence of ascomycetous yeasts in arctic coastal environments.	previous studies of fungi in polar environments have revealed a prevalence of basidiomycetous yeasts in soil and in subglacial environments of polythermal glaciers. ascomycetous yeasts have rarely been reported from extremely cold natural environments, even though they are known contaminants of frozen foods. using media with low water activity, we have isolated various yeast species from the subglacial ice of four glaciers from the coastal arctic environment of kongsfjorden, spitzbergen, includi ...	2011	21221569
solar radiation decreases parasitism in daphnia.	climate change and variation in atmospheric ozone are influencing the intensity of ultraviolet radiation (uvr) reaching ecosystems. changing uvr regimes, in turn, may alter epidemics of infectious disease. this possibility hinges on the sensitivity of epidemiologically relevant traits of host and parasite to uvr. we address this issue using a planktonic system (a zooplankton host, daphnia dentifera, and its virulent fungal parasite, metschnikowia bicuspidata). controlled laboratory experiments, ...	2012	22034950
a power-efficiency trade-off in resource use alters epidemiological relationships.	trade-offs play pivotal roles in the ecology and evolution of natural populations. however, trade-offs are probably not static, invariant relationships. instead, ecological factors can shift, alter, or reverse the relationships underlying trade-offs and create critical genotype x environment (g x e) interactions. but which ecological factors alter trade-offs or create g x e interactions, and why (mechanistically) do they do this? we tackle these questions using resource quality as the central ec ...	2012	22624218
epidemiology of a daphnia-multiparasite system and its implications for the red queen.	the red queen hypothesis can explain the maintenance of host and parasite diversity. however, the red queen requires genetic specificity for infection risk (i.e., that infection depends on the exact combination of host and parasite genotypes) and strongly virulent effects of infection on host fitness. a european crustacean (daphnia magna)--bacterium (pasteuria ramosa) system typifies such specificity and high virulence. we studied the north american host daphnia dentifera and its natural parasit ...	2012	22761826
parasite consumption and host interference can inhibit disease spread in dense populations.	disease dynamics hinge on parasite transmission among hosts. however, canonical models for transmission often fit data poorly, limiting predictive ability. one solution involves building mechanistic yet general links between host behaviour and disease spread. to illustrate, we focus on the exposure component of transmission for hosts that consume their parasites, combining experiments, models and field data. models of transmission that incorporate parasite consumption and foraging interference a ...	2013	23452184
potassium stimulates fungal epidemics in daphnia by increasing host and parasite reproduction.	as natural enemies, parasites can dramatically harm host populations, and even catalyze their decline. thus, identifying factors that promote disease spread is paramount. environmental factors can drive epidemics by altering traits involved in disease spread. for example, nutrients (such as nitrogen and phosphorus) can stimulate reproduction of both hosts and parasites or alter rates of disease transmission by stimulating productivity and nutrition of food resources of hosts. here, we demonstrat ...	2013	23691657
variation in costs of parasite resistance among natural host populations.	organisms that can resist parasitic infection often have lower fitness in the absence of parasites. these costs of resistance can mediate host evolution during parasite epidemics. for example, large epidemics will select for increased host resistance. in contrast, small epidemics (or no disease) can select for increased host susceptibility when costly resistance allows more susceptible hosts to outcompete their resistant counterparts. despite their importance for evolution in host populations, c ...	2013	24118613
a novel killer toxin produced by the marine-derived yeast wickerhamomyces anomalus yf07b.	in our previous study, it was found that the killer toxin produced by the marine-derived yeast wickerhamomyces anomalus yf07b has both killing activity and β-1,3-glucanase activity and the molecular mass of it is 47.0 kda. in this study, the same yeast strain was found to produce another killer toxin which only had killing activity against some yeast strains, but had no β-1,3-glucanase activity and the molecular mass of the purified killer toxin was 67.0 kda. the optimal ph, temperature and nacl ...	2013	23180377
antifungal activity of the lipopeptides produced by bacillus amyloliquefaciens anti-ca against candida albicans isolated from clinic.	the bacterium bacillus amyloliquefaciens anti-ca isolated from mangrove system was found to be able to actively kill candida albicans isolated from clinic. the bacterial strain anti-ca could produce high level of bioactive substance, amylase and protease in the cheap medium containing 2.0 % soybean meal, 2.0 % wheat flour, ph 6.5 within 26 h. after purification, the main bioactive substance was confirmed to be a cyclic lipopeptide containing a heptapeptide, l-asp→l-leu→l-leu→l-val→l-val→l-glu→l- ...	2013	23744287
nitrate enrichment alters a daphnia-microparasite interaction through multiple pathways.	nutrient pollution has the potential to alter many ecological interactions, including host-parasite relationships. one of the largest sources of nutrient pollution comes from anthropogenic alteration of the nitrogen (n) cycle, specifically the increased rate of nitrate (no3-n) deposition to aquatic environments, potentially altering host-parasite relationships. this study aimed to assess the mechanisms through which nitrate may impact host-pathogen relationships using a fungal pathogen (metschni ...	2014	24558580
predators and patterns of within-host growth can mediate both among-host competition and evolution of transmission potential of parasites.	parasite prevalence shows tremendous spatiotemporal variation. theory indicates that this variation might stem from life-history characteristics of parasites and key ecological factors. here, we illustrate how the interaction of an important predator and the schedule of transmission potential of two parasites can explain parasite abundance. a field survey showed that a noncastrating fungus (metschnikowia bicuspidata) commonly infected a dominant zooplankton host (daphnia dentifera), while a cast ...	2014	25061679
plasticity, not genetic variation, drives infection success of a fungal parasite.	hosts strongly influence parasite fitness. however, it is challenging to disentangle host effects on genetic vs plasticity-driven traits of parasites, since parasites can evolve quickly. it remains especially difficult to determine the causes and magnitude of parasite plasticity. in successive generations, parasites may respond plastically to better infect their current type of host, or hosts may produce generally 'good' or 'bad' quality parasites. here, we characterized parasite plasticity by t ...	2015	25711627
resources, key traits and the size of fungal epidemics in daphnia populations.	parasites can profoundly affect host populations and ecological communities. thus, it remains critical to identify mechanisms that drive variation in epidemics. resource availability can drive epidemics via traits of hosts and parasites that govern disease spread. here, we map resource-trait-epidemic connections to explain variation in fungal outbreaks (metschnikowia bicuspidata) in a zooplankton host (daphnia dentifera) among lakes. we predicted epidemics would grow larger in lakes with more ph ...	2015	25733032
yeasts associated with culex pipiens and culex theileri mosquito larvae and the effect of selected yeast strains on the ontogeny of culex pipiens.	the success of mosquitoes in nature has been linked to their microbiota and bacteria in particular. yet, knowledge on their symbioses with yeasts is lacking. to explore possible associations, culturable yeasts were isolated from wild larvae of culex pipiens and culex theileri. these yeasts were classified using restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analyses and identified by sequencing the d1/d2 region of the 26s rrna gene. representative strains of candida, cryptococcus, galactomyces, ...	2016	26573833
costs of resistance and infection by a generalist pathogen.	pathogen infection is typically costly to hosts, resulting in reduced fitness. however, pathogen exposure may also come at a cost even if the host does not become infected. these fitness reductions, referred to as "resistance costs", are inducible physiological costs expressed as a result of a trade-off between resistance to a pathogen and aspects of host fitness (e.g., reproduction). here, we examine resistance and infection costs of a generalist fungal pathogen (metschnikowia bicuspidata) capa ...	2016	26929813
competition-mediated feedbacks in experimental multispecies epizootics.	competition structures ecological communities and alters host-pathogen interactions. in environmentally transmitted pathogens, an infection-resistant competitor may influence infection dynamics in a susceptible species through the negative impacts of competition (e.g., by reducing host density or causing nutritional stress that increases susceptibility to infection) and/or the positive impacts of reducing transmission efficiency (e.g., by removing environmental pathogen stages). thus, a non-susc ...	2016	27197393
interplay between fungicides and parasites: tebuconazole, but not copper, suppresses infection in a daphnia-metschnikowia experimental model.	natural populations are commonly exposed to complex stress scenarios, including anthropogenic contamination and their biological enemies (e.g., parasites). the study of the pollutant-parasite interplay is especially important, given the need for adequate regulations to promote improved ecosystem protection. in this study, a host-parasite model system (daphnia spp. and the microparasitic yeast metschnikowia bicuspidata) was used to explore the reciprocal effects of contamination by common agroche ...	2017	28231278
parasite transmission in a natural multihost-multiparasite community.	understanding the transmission and dynamics of infectious diseases in natural communities requires understanding the extent to which the ecology, evolution and epidemiology of those diseases are shaped by alternative hosts. we performed laboratory experiments to test how parasite spillover affected traits associated with transmission in two co-occurring parasites: the bacterium pasteuria ramosa and the fungus metschnikowia bicuspidata both parasites were capable of transmission from the reservoi ...	2017	28289264