Publications

the morphology of sv5 virus.		1964	14187907
multiplication of a myxovirus (sv5) with minimal cytopathic effects and without interference.		1964	14192298
experimental infection of parainfluenza virus type 5 in mice, hamsters and monkeys.		1965	4284675
effect of actinomycin d and halogenated deoxyuridines on the replication of simian virus 5.		1965	4285642
hemagglutinating and plaque forming properties of two substrains of simian parainfluenza virus sv5.		1965	4286820
contamination of cynomolgus monkey kidney cell cultures by hemagglutinating simian virus (sv 5).		1965	4954702
an electron microscopic study of moderate and virulent virus-cell interactions of the parainfluenza virus sv5.		1966	4288418
on the role of the response of the cell membrane in determining virus virulence. contrasting effects of the parainfluenza virus sv5 in two cell types.	the simian myxovirus sv5 multiplies in a continuous line of baby hamster kidney (bhk21-f) cells causing extensive cell fusion, followed by cell death. after inoculation of 15 pfu/cell, the latent period was 7 hr, the doubling time approximately 60 min, and the yield 7 pfu per cell. giant cell formation began about 6 hr after infection and rapidly progressed to the formation by 14 to 18 hr of a single syncytium which disintegrated by 24 to 36 hr. in contrast, sv5 multiplies in primary rhesus monk ...	1966	4288512
an investigation of the incidence, epidemiology and control of simian virus 5.		1966	4288604
production of interferon in embryonated eggs and in cell cultures infected with simian virus 5.		1966	4289526
controlled investigations in baboons (papio cynocephalus) on transmission of sv-5 virus by contact.		1967	4291701
isolation and properties of the helical nucleocapsid of the parainfluenza virus sv5.		1967	4291924
cytopathic effects of the parainfluenza virus sv5 in vero cells.		1967	4293683
[remarks on the antigenic relationships of the mumps virus and sv5 virus].		1967	6032009
replication of sv5 rna and the effects of superinfection with poliovirus.		1967	4168765
gas chromatography for detection of viral infections.	gas chromatograms of sertim extracts of dogs inoculated with canine infectious hepatitis virus showed two metabolites not observed in uninoculated animals. chromatograms of extracts of tissue cultures of dog kidney, inoculated with viruses causing canine hepatitis, herpes, and distemper, and a parainfluenza virus similar to simian virus-5, each showed two or more different metabolites. two of the distinguishing products from cultures inoculated with hepatitis virus were chromatographically indis ...	1968	4295947
the nucleic acid of the parainfluenza virus sv5.		1968	4298712
on the role of microtubules in movement and alignment of nuclei in virus-induced syncytia.	infection of baby hamster kidney (bhk21-f) cells with the parainfluenza virus sv5 causes rapid and extensive cell fusion. time-lapse cinematography shows that when cells fuse, their nuclei migrate straight to the center of the syncytium at rates of 1-2 micro/min. nuclei are often arranged in long, tightly packed, parallel rows in syncytia derived from the fibroblastic bhk21-f cells. polarization microscopy shows birefringent material between and parallel to these rows of nuclei, and electron mic ...	1968	4301760
chemical composition of the parainfluenza virus sv5.		1969	4302801
epidemiologic studies of latent virus infections in captive monkeys and baboons. ii. serologic evidence of myxovirus infections with special reference to sv5.		1969	4305202
[latent in vitro infection of hamster cells by sv5 and herpes virus. electron microscope demonstration of a double viral production].		1969	4310158
the proteins of the parainfluenza virus sv5. 1. separation of virion polypeptides by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.		1969	4311544
phenotypic mixing of envelope proteins of the parainfluenza virus sv5 and vesicular stomatitis virus.	cells mixedly infected with parainfluenza virus sv5 and vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) yield phenotypically mixed virions, in addition to both parental types. two types of phenotypically mixed virions have been identified: 0.6 to 1.2% of the vsv plaque formers were neutralized by sv5 antiserum, but not by vsv antiserum, suggesting the presence of a vsv genome in an sv5 envelope; 9 to 45% of the vsv plaque formers were neutralized by both antisera, indicating the presence of both sv5 and vsv an ...	1970	4315959
sv-5-like parainfluenza virus in dogs.		1970	4316294
serologic and infectivity studies of canine sv-5 virus.		1970	4319921
glycosphingolipids of plasma membranes of cultured cells and an enveloped virus (sv5) grown in these cells.	glycosphingolipids of rhesus monkey kidney (mk), bovine kidney (mdbk), and two lines of hamster kidney (bhk21-f and hak) cells have been compared with those of parainfluenza (sv5) virions grow in these cells. there are qualitative and quantitative differences in the neutral glycolipids and gangliosides found in the various cells. cells with a high neutral glycolipid content (mk and mdbk) contain little or no gangliosides, and those with a relatively high ganglioside content (bhk21-f and hak) con ...	1970	4320464
nucleocapsid protein subunits of simian virus 5, newcastle disease virus, and sendai virus.	helical nucleocapsids of each of the paramyxoviruses simian virus 5 (sv5), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and sendai virus have been isolated in two different forms. one form contains larger protein subunits and is obtained from mature virions or infected cells dispersed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. the other form possesses smaller subunits and is obtained from infected cells dispersed by trypsin. the estimated molecular weights of the larger subunits in the three viruses are similar: sv5 ...	1970	4320701
the proteins of the parainfluenza virus sv5. ii. the carbohydrate content and glycoproteins of the virion.		1970	4321303
[human infection by group sv5-da group para-influenza viruses].		1971	4332917
proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus and of phenotypically mixed vesicular stomatitis virus-simian virus 5 virions.	the identity of the glycoprotein of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) as the spike protein has been confirmed by the removal of the spikes with a protease from streptomyces griseus, leaving bullet-shaped particles bounded by a smooth membrane. this treatment removes the glycoprotein but does not affect the other virion proteins, apparently because they are protected from the enzyme by the lipids in the viral membrane. the proteins of phenotypically mixed, bullet-shaped virions produced by cells m ...	1971	4108932
proteins and glycoproteins of paramyxoviruses: a comparison of simian virus 5, newcastle disease virus, and sendai virus.	the polypeptides of three paramyxoviruses (simian virus 5, newcastle disease virus, and sendai virus) were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. glycoproteins were identified by the use of radioactive glucosamine as a carbohydrate precursor. the protein patterns reveal similarities among the three viruses. each virus contains at least five or six proteins, two of which are glycoproteins. four of the proteins found in each virus share common features with corresponding proteins in the ...	1971	5101090
isolation and purification of the envelope proteins of newcastle disease virus.	a procedure has been developed for the isolation of newcastle disease virus (ndv) envelope proteins. the two surface glycoproteins and the non-glycosylated membrane protein were solubilized with 2% triton x-100 and 1 m kcl. removal of the kcl by dialysis yielded by precipitation a pure preparation of the non-glycosylated membrane protein, which is insoluble in solutions of low ionic strength. the soluble fraction consisting of the two glycoproteins possessed full neuraminidase and hemagglutinati ...	1973	4734650
proteolytic cleavage of subunits of the nucleocapsid of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5.	the protein subunits of the nucleocapsid of the parainfluenza virus simian virus 5 isolated from infected cells after dispersion with trypsin, chymotrypsin, or ficin are cleaved proteolytically. the molecular weights of the subunits which result from cleavage depend on the enzyme used, but are around 43,000, compared to the native subunit of 61,000. in most instances cleavage of the subunit appears to be due to the protease used to disperse the cell, and follows cell disruption. nucleocapsids co ...	1974	4372398
isolation and comparative study of the nucleocapsids of measles and canine distemper viruses from infected cells.	nucleocapsids were isolated and purified from cells infected with measles and canine distemper virus (cdv). electron microscopy of negatively stained nucleocapsids revealed the mean outside diameter was approximately 17-18 nm in each case and was not significantly different from similar measurements obtained with sv5 nucleocapsids and tobacco mosaic virus (tmv). all nucleocapsids also revealed central hollow cores which ranged from 4.3 to 5.2 nm. direct chemical determinations showed that both c ...	1974	18621347
sporadic bovine meningo-encephalitis-isolation of a paramyxovirus.	isolation of a viral agent (107) directly from brain explants of a 15-month-old heifer with symptoms of a sporadic encephalomyelitis is described. the virus shares properties with the paramyxovirus family. it grows in a variety of cell cultures from different species, and induces nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in infected cells. nucleocapsids measuring 17 nm in diameter were found in the nucleus and cytoplasm of these cells when studied electron microscopically, thus indicating a close ...	1975	167689
sulfated components of enveloped viruses.	the glycoproteins of several enveloped viruses, grown in a variety of cell types, are labeled with 35so4(-2), whereas the nonglycosylated proteins are not. this was shown for the hn and f glycoproteins of sv5 and sendai virus, the e1 and e2 glycoproteins of sindbis virus, and for the major glycoprotein, gp69, as well as for a minor glycoprotein, gp52, of rauscher leukemia virus. the minor glycoprotein of rauscher leukemia virus is more highly sulfated, with a ratio of 35so4- [3h]glucosamine abou ...	1975	170420
[effect of sodium salicylate on the "in vitro" development of rna viruses (author's transl)].	sodium salicylate 10(-3) m is able to limit the number of plaques induced by rna viruses on monkey kidney cell cultures (cercopithecus aethiops and macaccus rhesus). however, the inhibition rate changes with the virus type or even the strain used. poliovirus 2, coxsackie b3, echovirus and reovirus 1 were the most susceptible to the inhibitory effect of the drug. latent infection caused by sv5 decreases the antiviral activity of salicylate. the stages of the poliovirus type 2 growth affected by s ...	1975	171988
myxoviruses.	myxoviruses can be divided into 2 groups, orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses. the former comprise the influenza group which is subdivided into types a,b and c. influenza b and c are purely human pathogens but influenza a, which includes a large number of antigenic subtypes, occurs in nature in pigs, horses, birds and man. all influenza a viruses irrespective of origin are chemically, biologically and genetically related. the epidemics which they cause are curious and puzzling and are an import ...	1975	47825
persistent sv5 virus infection in continuous cell cultures.	a continuous line of guinea pig kidney cells (cgpk/h) and a continuous line of mouse fibroblasts (l/h) spontaneously infected with parainfluenza virus sv5 were found. these cultures showed no enhanced cell degeneration or symplast formation, nor was haemagglutinin accumulation or infectious virus demonstrated in them. however, regular reproduction of ribonucleoprotein (rnp) characteristic of parainfluenza viruses, morphologically complete virions and antigens producing antibody to sv5 virus were ...	1976	65119
[identification of a hemadsorbing agent discovered in uninfected mouse l cell cultures and also the same cultures chronically infected with sindbis virus].	electron microscope examinations of continuous lines of mouse l cells, both uninfected (l-init) and chronically infected with sindbis virus (l-sv) revealed accumulations of ribonucleoprotein strands and virions corresponding by their parameters to paramyxoviruses in the cytoplasms of the cells. further studies showed l-init and l-sv cell lines to have a manifest hemadsorption effect which could be completely inhibited by antiserum to parainfluenza sv5 virus. immunofluorescence procedures detecte ...	1976	176821
permeability properties of the membrane of vesicular stomatitis virions.	observations of the light-scattering properties of several enveloped viruses indicate that virions (vesicular stomatitis, sv5 and influenza), in common with other membrane systems, are osmotically active, responding to nacl gradients by swelling in hypo-osmolar solutions and shrinking in hyperosmolar solutions. the permeability barrier responsible for this osmotic response in vesicular stomatitis virions was modified both by protease treatment to remove the viral glycoprotein and by treatment wi ...	1976	177082
isolation of parainfluenza virus sv5 from dogs with respiratory disease.		1976	179186
replication of murine paramyxoviruses in hamster tracheal organ culture and comparison with standard tissue culture methods.	replication of sendai virus, pneumonia virus of mice, and sv5 was investigated in tracheal organ cultures from 2- to 4-day-old and 2- and 4-week-old hamsters, and viral infectivity in tracheal explants was compared with that in tissue culture monolayers. explants from 2- to 4-day-old hamsters produced higher titers of the three paramyxoviruses, as detected by hemadsorption with guinea pig and murine erythrocytes in primary rhesus monkey kidney cells. tracheal cultures from 2- and 4-week-old hams ...	1976	184110
viral spread in the presence of neutralizing antibody: mechanisms of persistence in foamy virus infection.	several viruses were categorized on the basis of their ability to spread from cell to contiguous cell and form plaques in the presence of antiviral antibody. herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and vaccinia, measles, and foamy viruses were able to spread in the presence of neutralizing antibody, whereas coxsackievirus, encephalomyocarditis virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, mumps virus, and simian virus 5 failed to spread. a detailed study of one of these virus groups (simian foamy viruses) s ...	1976	185150
isolation of the matrix (membrane) protein of vesicular stomatitis virus by gel filtration in guanidine hydrochloride.	the l, n and m proteins of vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) were resolved from each other by gel filtration in the presence of 6 m-guanidine hydrochloride. amino acid analysis for purified m protein of vsv showed that its chemical composition differed from those of influenza and sv5 m proteins.	1976	187728
polypeptide synthesis in simian virus 5-infected cells.	polypeptide synthesis in three different cell types infected with simian virus 5 has been examined using high-resolution polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis, and all of the known viral polypeptides have been identified above the host cell background. the polypeptides were synthesized in infected cells in unequal proportions, which are approximately the same as they are found in virions, suggesting that their relative rates of synthesis are controlled. the nucleocapsid polypeptide (np) was th ...	1977	196101
[transfection by integrated proviruses].	three lines of continuous mouse l cells were compared: one of them contained only its endogenic oncornavirus, another was contaminated with sv5 virus, and a third was obtained from the second line chronically infected with vesicular stomatitis virus. experiments with transfection showed that it was possible to recover sv5 virus from the two former cultures and vesicular stomatitis virus from the latter.	1977	198958
[comparative study of 2 transplantable lines of murine l cells].	a continuous line of mouse l cells chronically infected with sv5 paramyxovirus differs from mouse l0 cells free from this virus in the mitotic activity and karyologic features. the lsv5 line is characterized by inhibition of the mitotic activity, a decrease in the number of chromosomes and the presence of the marker chromosome. lsv5 and l0 cell cultures do not differ in the number of pathological mitoses, structural aberrations of chromosomes and the cytomorphological picture. the persisting sv5 ...	1977	561481
a biochemical concept of cellular production of paramyxoviruses.	previous analysis in vitro of the interaction between some paramyxoviruses and the chicken embryo has indicated that the cell most productive (mp) of virus is the heart cell whereas the liver cell is least productive (lp). more superior production of virus results from more efficient release of virions, whereas the kinetics of viral attachment and penetration and the production of interferon are similar for both types of cell. since plasma membrane lipids may represent the structural key to enve ...	1977	840508
infectivity of dna recovered from cells persistently infected with sv5 paramyxovirus.	infectivity of dna isolated from l cells chronically infected with sv5 paramyxovirus was demonstrated by inoculation of continuous rh and hep-2 cells. infectivity of the dna was completely abolished by treatment with deoxyribonuclease or by alkaline hydrolysis but did not change after treatment with ribonuclease and specific anti sv5 serum. the virus obtained as a result of transfection caused haemadsorption in susceptible cells and was neutralized by specific antiserum like the prototype sv5 st ...	1977	22236
contamination of primary embryonic bovine kidney cell cultures with parainfluenza type 2 simian virus 5 and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus.	two different viruses were isolated from bovine embryonic cell cultures after two subcultures from the primary cells. one virus was identified as parainfluenza type 2 simian virus 5 (sv-5), and the other was identified as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus. six months later, stock cultures of pig kidney (pk-15) cells were found to be contaminated with sv-5 virus. we believe that the source of the sv-5 virus in the bovine cells was a cross-contamination from monkey kidneys during preparation ...	1978	75889
the canine contagious respiratory disease complex (kennel cough).	several infectious agents are involved in the kennel cough complex in dogs. they include canine parainfluenza virus (sv5), canine adenovirus 2, bordetella bronchiseptica, and possibly several mycoplasma species. the importance of each of these agents in the disease syndrome is discussed as well as possible prevention or treatment.	1978	204455
a study of dogs with kennel cough.	a detailed study of a population of dogs with kennel cough was undertaken. twenty-seven (77 per cent) of a total of 35 dogs had pathological evidence of respiratory disease in the form of tracheobronchitis with, in some animals, exudative pneumonia. a variety of viral and bacterial agents were isolated from the respiratory tract of diseased dogs but bordetella bronchiseptica and canine parainfluenza virus sv-5 appeared to be the most significant organisms recovered.	1978	207006
infection with paramyxoviruses stimulates synthesis of cellular polypeptides that are also stimulated in cells transformed by rous sarcoma virus or deprived of glucose.	infection of several types of cultured cells with the paramyxoviruses simian virus 5 and sendai virus stimulates synthesis of four polypeptides (i-iv) with molecular weights of approximately 99,000, 97,000, 86,000, and 78,000, respectively. that these are host polypeptides encoded in cellular mrnas has been shown by the inhibition of their synthesis by actinomycin d and by the similarity of the peptide maps of them and of polypeptides with the same electrophoretic mobility from uninfected cells. ...	1978	216013
study of host antigens in the envelopes of different myxo- and paramyxoviruses cultivated in the embryonated hen egg.	by immunoelectrophoretic analysis it was shown that different viruses--such as myxo- (influenza a0pr8) and paramyxoviruses (sendai, sv5, ndv, mumps)--cultivated in the same host cells (chorioallantoic membranes) incorporate similar host antigens into their envelopes. the amount of host cell antigens incorporated into the virus envelopes differs from one virus to another. the fact that incorporation of host cell antigens occurs only after a virus-induced modification seems to be a general charact ...	1978	219591
asymmetric budding of viruses in epithelial monlayers: a model system for study of epithelial polarity.	infection of two different lines of polarized epithelial cells grown as monolayers with several types of enveloped viruses results, for each virus type, in a characteristic asymmetric budding of virions. influenza virus (wsn strain), simian virus 5, and sendai virus bud exclusively from the free (apical) surface of the cells, while vesicular stomatitis virus acquires its envelope only from the basolateral plasma membrane. because different viruses select specific domains of plasma membrane in th ...	1978	283416
relationship between movement and aggregation of centrioles in syncytia and formation of microtubule bundles.	previous reports from this laboratory have provided evidence suggesting that microtubules and 10-nm filaments serve both cytoskeletal and force-generating functions in the intracellular movement and positioning of nuclei in syncytia. it has been found that, during the process of cell fusion and nuclear migration in syncytia induced by the paramyxovirus simian virus 5, centrioles are transported in the cytoplasm and form large aggregates. these aggregates are usually found in regions adjacent to ...	1979	293675
studies of respiratory disease in random-source laboratory dogs: viral infections in unconditioned dogs.	a prospective study was conducted to identify the viruses causing respiratory diseases in unconditioned, random-source dogs. during the quarantine period, respiratory disease occurred in 86 of 167 (52%) dogs, and 34 (21%) died. most affected dogs had a distemper-like illness which required extensive and prolonged care. histopathologic studies confirmed the diagnosis of canine distemper in 10 of 12 (83%) fatal infections examined. sixty-seven of 91 (74%) dogs which arrived without canine distempe ...	1979	220463
involvement of microtubules and 10-nm filaments in the movement and positioning of nuclei in syncytia.	previous studies (holmes, k.v., and p.w. choppin. j. exp. med. 124:501-520; j. cell biol. 39:526-543) showed that infection of baby hamster kidney (bhk21-f) cells with the parainfluenza virus sv5 causes extensive cell fusion, that nuclei migrate in the syncytial cytoplasm and align in tightly-packed rows, and that microtubules are involved in nuclear movement and alignment. the role of microtubules, 10-nm filaments, and actin-containing microfilaments in this process has been investigated by imm ...	1979	227913
[persistent infection in murine l cells infected with the parainfluenza virus sv5].	persistent infection of mouse l cells was achieved by serial passages of undiluted parainfluenza sv5 virus. at the level of the 10--12th passage a stationary noncytocidal type of persistent infection was established. a low level of the infectious virus produced by the persistently infected cells was observed; the number of cells synthesizing the virus-specific antigen detectable by immunofluorescence was high. persistently infected cells were resistant to the infection with the homologous virus ...	1979	88818
in vitro synthesis of structural and nonstructural proteins of sendai and sv5 viruses.		1980	6243200
conformation of the helical nucleocapsids of paramyxoviruses and vesicular stomatitis virus: reversible coiling and uncoiling induced by changes in salt concentration.	the conformations of the helical nucleocapsids of the paramyxoviruses sendai virus and simian virus 5, and of a rhabdovirus, vesicular stomatitis virus, have been found to vary extensively with changes in salt concentration. in 10 mm sodium phosphate buffer at ph 7.2, the nucleocapsids are loosely coiled or almost completely extended; with increasing concentrations of nacl they become more tightly coiled and less flexible. under isotonic conditions (150 mm) the sendai virus nucleocapsid is moder ...	1980	6248857
[synthesis of rna-containing virus-specific components in l cells persistently infected with sv5 virus].	an analysis of rna-containing virus-specific structures was performed in the course of the establishment of persistent infection with sv5 virus in l cells. it was observed that up to the 11th passage in the lsv5 system, the same virus-specific structures were synthesized as in acute infection. at the level of the 18th passage synthesis of intracellular rnp was reduced and high 3h-uridine incorporation into light structures was observed. in the last passages examined (25th and 31st), the structur ...	1980	6254271
importance of antibodies to the fusion glycoprotein of paramyxoviruses in the prevention of spread of infection.	the effects of monospecific antibodies to the viral glycoprotein with hemagglutinating and neuraminidase activity (hn) and the viral glycoprotein with membrane-fusing activity (f) of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 (sv5) on the spread of infection in two cell types have been investigated. in cv-1 cells, infection can spread by either released progeny virus adsorbing to and infecting other cells, or by fusion of an infected cell with an adjacent cell as a result of the cell-fusing activity of th ...	1980	6766174
radioimmunoassay of measles virus nucleocapsid antigen.	a double antibody competitive binding radioimmunoassay (ria) was developed as a tool for investigating the involvement of measles virus in persistent virus infections. the assay employs 125i-labelled measles virus nucleocapsids as the labelled antigen. nucleocapsids were purified from cytoplasmic extracts of virus-infected vero cells, treated with trypsin to prevent clumping and iodinated to a specific activity of about 15 microci/microgram. electrophoretic analysis of iodinated trypsin-treated ...	1980	6770034
respiratory infections in cystic fibrosis patients caused by virus, chlamydia and mycoplasma--possible synergism with pseudomonas aeruginosa.	116 cystic fibrosis patients were observed, by monthly examinations over an eight-month period, to investigate the importance of non-bacterial respiratory infections (nbi) in exacerbations of the respiratory disease. sputum was examined for bacteria, and serum investigated for antibody response against virus, mycoplasma and chlamydia and for antibodies against pseudomonas aeruginosa. during this period each patient had, on an average, 2.9 exacerbations of which 76% were associated with bacteria, ...	1981	6798822
in vitro identification and characterization of a virus isolated from a dog with neurological dysfunction.	a virus, 78-238, isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with neurological dysfunction, was characterized as a paramyxovirus. this conclusion was supported by viral cytopathic effects and morphological appearance of virions and nucleocapsids in infected cells. nucleocapsids were found in the cytoplasm of all infected cells and in the nuclei of 0.001% of these cells. growth curves revealed that a high percentage (>/=76%) of infectious progeny virus was cell released. persistent infection o ...	1981	7228400
rescue of a cytopathic paramyxovirus from peripheral blood leukocytes in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.	an infectious, cytopathic paramyxovirus was rescued from the peripheral blood leukocytes of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) by cocultivation procedures. cells infected with the virus (1) demonstrated polykaryocytosis, (2) contained cytoplasmic inclusion bodies of paramyxoviral nucleocapsids, (3) hemadsorbed monkey erythrocytes, and (4) reacted with fluorescein-conjugated antisera to measles virus. on the basis of these observations, the virus was initially believed to b ...	1981	7229439
serological survey for sv5, measles and herpes simplex infections in newly-imported cynomolgus monkeys.	on 592 cynomolgus monkeys of newly-imported 14 different groups, sero-epidemiological follow-up surveys of natural infections with sv5, measles (mv) and herpes simplex (hsv) were conducted both at the time of arrival and at the end of the 9-week quarantine period at tsukuba primate center for medical science (tpc). at the time of arrival, the positive rate of antibodies against these viruses greatly varied with different countries of origin. as regards sv5, the positive rate ranged widely from 0 ...	1981	7311109
characterization of nonmeasles paramyxovirus isolates from a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.	two paramyxovirus isolates recovered from the peripheral blood leukocytes of a patient with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis were characterized by biological, immunological, and molecular techniques. both virus isolates possessed neuraminidase activity but demonstrated reduced hemagglutination potential. neutralization titrations showed that the viruses were clearly related to, but were distinct from, simian virus 5. characterization of purified virus preparations by sds-page showed that the ...	1981	7333793
commercial simian virus antisera that inhibit virus replication in primary monkey kidney cell cultures.	the incorporation of hyperimmune serum into cell culture medium to control endogenous viral infections of primary cells can have a significant effect on the replication of other viruses. when commercial simian virus 5 or simian virus 40 antiserum was used with primary monkey kidney cell cultures, we found a significant inhibition (greater than 90%) of the replication of parainfluenza virus types 2 and 3 and reovirus type 1. in the viral diagnostic laboratory, the use of hyperimmune serum with pr ...	1981	6263944
absence of antibodies against sv5, measles and herpes simplex in indoor colony-bred cynomolgus monkeys.	one hundred and eighty-one cynomolgus monkeys born and raised at tsukuba primate center for medical science (tpc) were serologically examined for the presence of antibodies against simian virus 5, measles virus and herpes simplex virus. all of them were virtually free from infections with these viruses, whereas wild-originated breeders kept at tpc were highly positive for these antibodies. these results can be regarded as demonstrating that an indoor breeding system such as tpc's is useful and v ...	1981	6278179
properties of an encephalitogenic canine parainfluenza virus.	an isolate of canine parainfluenza (cpi) virus from the cerebrospinal fluid of a dog with neurological dysfunction was characterized in vitro in comparison to a prototype strain of cpi virus, d008. the virus, designated 78-238 was found to be antigenically related to cpi virus (manhatten strain) and simian virus 5 (sv5), but not to mumps virus (enders strain). ultrastructural observation of gradient-purified 78-238 virus revealed enveloped pleomorphic virions with helical nucleocapsid symmetry. ...	1981	6168243
a comparison of paramyxoviruses by immunoprecipitation.	using the technique of immune precipitation of [35s]methionine-labelled infected cell polypeptides followed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and autoradiography it has been shown that sv5 and a closely related isolate are both antigenically related to human parainfluenza virus type 2. limited cross-reactions were also demonstrated between parainfluenza virus types 1 and 3 by this method and the apparent molecular weights of the major structural components of human parainfluenza virus ty ...	1982	6178797
hemadsorption immunosorbent technique for determination of mumps immunoglobulin m antibody.	we used hemadsorption immunosorbent technique (hit) to detect mumps immunoglobulin m (igm) antibody. igm from human sera was adsorbed into anti-human igm-coated wells in plates, and mumps-specific igm was detected by adding mumps virus hemagglutinin and guinea pig erythrocytes consecutively. specific igm-positive sera showed hemadsorption, whereas negative sera showed hemagglutination. all 81 patients with current mumps infections tested showed mumps-specific igm antibody, with titers ranging fr ...	1982	6313743
the role of bk virus in acute respiratory tract disease and the presence of bkv dna in tonsils.	the significance of bkv infections relative to infections by generally tested respiratory agents was investigated in children with acute respiratory disease. paired sera from 177 children admitted to a hospital for acute respiratory disease were tested for significant rises in antibodies. sera from seven patients showed a seroconversion to bkv and clinical signs of acute upper respiratory tract infection were exhibited by each of these patients. bkv infections were present in 8% of the patients ...	1982	6292361
postembedding immunocytochemical localization of paramyxovirus antigens by light and electron microscopy.	a postembedding method is described to localize antigens specific for various paramyxoviruses in sections of cells and tissues that have been fixed and embedded in epoxy resins for conventional electron microscopy. viral antigens were localized in cv-1 cell cultures infected with simian virus 5 (sv5), brains of suckling hamsters inoculated with either neuroadapted mumps virus or hamster-adapted measles virus, and brains of adult mice infected with sendai (parainfluenza i) virus. both 1-micromete ...	1982	6296222
biogenesis of epithelial cell plasma membranes.	polarized monolayers of cultured epithelial cells, such as the kidney-derived mdck cell line, when infected with enveloped viruses, provide a convenient model system for study of the intracellular routes followed by newly synthesized glycoproteins to reach specific domains of the plasma membrane. the polarized nature of the monolayers is reflected in the asymmetric assembly of enveloped viruses, some of which, such as influenza and simian virus 5 (sv5), bud from the apical surfaces of the cells, ...	1982	6924892
radioimmunoassay of measles virus hemagglutinin protein g.	guinea pig and rabbit antisera from animals immunized with purified measles virus hemagglutinin (g) protein were used to establish a solid-phase four-layer radioimmunoassay for quantitative measurement of the g protein. the sensitive of the assay was 2 ng of purified g protein, and 200 micrograms of protein from uninfected vero cells neither decreased the sensitivity nor reacted non-specifically in the assay. radioimmunoassay standard dose-response curves were established and unknown values inte ...	1982	7130334
rna synthesis in the l cell-sv5 system.	comparative analysis of the ribonucleoprotein rna synthesis was performed in two persistently infected l cell systems. in the first (lsv5-i), cells were infected with the cloned standard sv5 virus, in the second (lsv5-ii), infecting virus had been enriched with defective interfering particles (dip). the lsv5(i) system in its 40th-42nd passages was similar to lsv5(ii) at the 2nd-3rd passage levels. there was shown that the ribonucleoprotein 3h-rna synthesized falls into two classes: the minor cor ...	1982	6132537
assembly of enveloped viruses in madin-darby canine kidney cells: polarized budding from single attached cells and from clusters of cells in suspension.	in confluent monolayers of the dog kidney epithelial cell line madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) assembly of rna enveloped viruses reflects the functional polarization of the cells. thus, influenza, sendai, and simian virus 5 bud from the apical (free) surface, while vesicular stomatitis virions (vsv) are assembled at basolateral plasma membrane domains (rodriguez-boulan, e., and d.d. sabatini, 1978, proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a., 75:5071-5075). mdck cells derived from confluent monolayers by dis ...	1983	6300140
monoclonal antibodies against human paramyxovirus type 3 and against sv5 virus: preparation and preliminary characterization.	monoclonal antibodies against the major glycoprotein (hn) and the nucleoprotein (np) of paramyxovirus sv5 and human paramyxovirus (pf) type 3 have been obtained. two different epitopes have been detected on the sv5 hn polypeptide, one being specific to sv5 and the other also cross-reacting with pf-2 hn polypeptide. monoclonal antibody against sv5 np polypeptide also reacted with pf-2 np polypeptide. similar epitopes showing both specific and group cross-reactions were detected with pf-3 hn and n ...	1983	6192203
does simian virus 5 infect humans?	simian virus 5 (sv5) isolates derived after co-cultivation of human bone marrow aspirates of multiple sclerosis (ms) patients were shown by immunoprecipitation, cross-neutralization and haemagglutination inhibition techniques to be similar antigenically but not identical to the prototype strain. analyses of human sera (ms and control) showed that about 20% contained neutralizing antibodies to sv5 and immunoprecipitated the specific sv5 hn polypeptide. a competition assay using a specific sv5 mon ...	1984	6205118
viral glycoproteins destined for apical or basolateral plasma membrane domains traverse the same golgi apparatus during their intracellular transport in doubly infected madin-darby canine kidney cells.	madin-darby canine kidney (mdck) cells can sustain double infection with pairs of viruses of opposite budding polarity (simian virus 5 [sv5] and vesicular stomatitis virus [vsv] or influenza and vsv), and we observed that in such cells the envelope glycoproteins of the two viruses are synthesized simultaneously and assembled into virions at their characteristic sites. influenza and sv5 budded exclusively from the apical plasma membrane of the cells, while vsv emerged only from the basolateral su ...	1984	6325468
evidence for the persistence of paramyxoviruses in human bone marrows.	human bone marrow cells derived from multiple sclerosis (ms) and control patients were screened for a number of virus antigens by the fluorescent antibody technique using monoclonal antibodies. the results showed that antigens of the paramyxovirus, simian virus 5, were present in about 60% of ms and 25% of control bone marrows. about 25% of the ms and 50% of control bone marrows were found to contain nucleoprotein antigen of the human parainfluenza types 1 and 3. these experiments demonstrated t ...	1984	6389770
analysis and gene assignment of mrnas of a paramyxovirus, simian virus 5.	polypeptides synthesized by the paramyxovirus sv5 in infected cv-1 cells were readily identified when the host cell was treated with actinomycin d. the unglycosylated forms of hn and fo synthesized in infected cells in the presence of tunicamycin and hn and fo synthesized in vitro were identified by immunoprecipitation with specific antibodies. separation of sv5-specific poly(a)-containing rnas on methyl-mercury agarose gels and in vitro translation of fractions, indicated that the viral polypep ...	1984	6548594
fusion protein of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5: nucleotide sequence of mrna predicts a highly hydrophobic glycoprotein.	the nucleotide sequence of the mrna coding for the fusion glycoprotein (f) of the paramyxovirus, simian virus 5, has been obtained. there is a single large open reading frame on the mrna that encodes a protein of 529 amino acids with a molecular weight of 56,531. the proteolytic cleavage/activation site of f, to yield f2 and f1, contains five arginine residues. six potential glycosylation sites were identified in the protein, two on f2 and four on f1. the deduced amino acid sequence indicates th ...	1984	6093114
purification and amino-terminal protein sequence analysis of the mumps virus fusion protein.	the fusion (f) protein of mumps virus was purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using an anti-f monoclonal antibody. the f protein was reduced and alkylated, and the f1 and f2 chains were isolated by high-pressure size exclusion chromatography. twenty-three amino acid residues from the amino terminus of each chain were identified following automated edman degradation. the amino-terminal sequence of the f1 chain was homologous to previously reported f1 sequences from three other paramyxovirus ...	1985	3840621
expression at the cell surface of biologically active fusion and hemagglutinin/neuraminidase proteins of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 from cloned cdna.	cdnas encoding the mrnas for the fusion protein (f) and the hemagglutinin/neuraminidase protein (hn) of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 have been inserted into a eukaryotic expression vector under the control of the simian virus 40 late promoter. the f and hn proteins synthesized in recombinant infected cells are indistinguishable in terms of electrophoretic mobility and glycosylation from the proteins synthesized in simian virus 5-infected cells. in addition, the expressed f and hn proteins ha ...	1985	3865176
a neutralising monoclonal antibody against a paramyxovirus reacts with a brain antigen.	a monoclonal antibody against simian virus (sv5) hn glycoprotein which specifically neutralises the virus cross-reacts in immunofluorescence with an antigen in the cytoplasm of purkinje cells of adult rat brain. after fixation in acetic acid-ethanol a cross-reaction is also seen with a myelin component. cross-reaction of this antibody with human brain was also observed on section using immunofluorescence and in tissue extracts using elisa and radioimmune assays. monoclonal antibodies against oth ...	1985	3891785
hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5: nucleotide sequence of the mrna predicts an n-terminal membrane anchor.	the nucleotide sequence of a cloned cdna copy of the mrna coding for the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase of the paramyxovirus sv5 was determined. there was a single large open reading frame on the mrna which encoded a protein of 565 amino acids with a molecular weight of 62,134. the deduced amino acid sequence indicated that the only major hydrophobic region in the protein sufficiently long to anchor the protein in the membrane is located near the n terminus (amino acids 18 to 36). it is suggested t ...	1985	3973974
gene and protein sequence of an influenza neuraminidase with hemagglutinin activity.	an influenza virus neuraminidase (na) of the n9 subtype also has hemagglutinin (ha) activity (w. g. laver, p. m. colman, r. g. webster, v. s. hinshaw, and g. m. air (1984), virology 137, 314-323). to determine sequence relationships between this na and other known na and ha subtype sequences, and as a necessary step toward a complete structure determination, we have cloned a full-length copy of the coding sequence of the n9 na of influenza virus a/tern/australia/g70c/75 into the plasmid puc9 usi ...	1985	4013081
identification and predicted sequence of a previously unrecognized small hydrophobic protein, sh, of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5.	a previously unrecognized gene (sh) has been identified on the virion rna of the paramyxovirus simian virus 5 between the genes for the fusion protein and the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase. an sh mrna of 292 nucleotides (plus polyadenylate residues), transcribed from the sh gene, has been identified. the sh mrna contains a single open reading frame which encodes a polypeptide of 44 amino acids with a molecular weight of 5,012. the sh polypeptide is predicted to contain an extensive hydrophobic reg ...	1985	4020965
paramyxovirus antigens in osteoclasts from paget's bone tissue detected by monoclonal antibodies.	the fluorescent antibody technique using both monoclonal and specific polyclonal virus antibodies was applied to investigate the nature of the inclusions seen in the abnormal osteoclasts associated with paget's bone disease. the results show that antigens of measles virus, simian virus 5 (sv5) and human parainfluenza virus type 3 (pf3) could be detected in the osteoclasts but not in control bone cells. measles and sv5 nucleoprotein (np) and haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) antigens were apparen ...	1985	2995550
[diagnostic problems posed by respiratory infections of dogs].	the following viruses as well as bacteria and mycoplasma have been isolated from dogs with contagious respiratory disease: canine distemper virus; canine adenoviruses (type 1 and 2); parainfluenza type 2 (sv5); reovirus type 1; canine herpesvirus; bordetella bronchiseptica, streptococcus, pasteurella, staphylococcus and mycoplasma. the occurrence of these agents can be in direct relationship with: the evolution of a systemic disease; respiratory disorders being a regular or inconsistant symptom ...	1985	2998696
human parainfluenza type 3 virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase glycoprotein: nucleotide sequence of mrna and limited amino acid sequence of the purified protein.	the nucleotide sequence of mrna for the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) protein of human parainfluenza type 3 virus obtained from the corresponding cdna clone had a single long open reading frame encoding a putative protein of 64,254 daltons consisting of 572 amino acids. the deduced protein sequence was confirmed by limited n-terminal amino acid microsequencing of cnbr cleavage fragments of native hn that was purified by immunoprecipitation. the hn protein is moderately hydrophobic and has fou ...	1986	3003381
determination of the complete nucleotide sequence of the sendai virus genome rna and the predicted amino acid sequences of the f, hn and l proteins.	we previously determined the 3' proximal 5,824 nucleotides of the sendai virus genome rna (nucleic acids res. 11, 7317-7330, 1983; nucleic acids res. 12, 7965-7973, 1984), and present here the sequence of the remaining 5' proximal 9,559 nucleotides. thus, this is the first paramyxovirus to have its genome organization elucidated. the set of complementary dna clones used was prepared by the method of okayama and berg from polyadenylylated viral genome rna. we sequenced the region containing the 5 ...	1986	3005975
the predicted primary structure of the measles virus hemagglutinin.	the complete nucleotide sequence of cloned cdnas corresponding to the full length of the mrna encoding the measles virus hemagglutinin (h) protein has been determined. the mrna contains a single large open reading frame which is capable of encoding a protein of 617 amino acids with a molecular mass of 69,250 da. the deduced amino acid structure of the protein indicates that the only major hydrophobic region of sufficient length to anchor the molecule in membranes is located near the amino termin ...	1986	3008420
fusion glycoprotein of human parainfluenza virus type 3: nucleotide sequence of the gene, direct identification of the cleavage-activation site, and comparison with other paramyxoviruses.	the complete sequences of the fusion (f) mrna and protein of human parainfluenza virus type 3 (pf3) were determined from overlapping cdna clones. to confirm the cdna sequence, the complete sequence of the f gene was determined independently by dideoxynucleotide sequencing of genomic rna using synthetic oligonucleotide primers. the mrna contains 1845 nucleotides, exclusive of poly (a), has an unusually long (193-nucleotide) 5' nontranslated region, and encodes an f0 protein of 539 amino acids. th ...	1986	3012869
nucleotide sequence analysis of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of newcastle disease virus.	the nucleotide sequence of the haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (hn) gene of newcastle disease virus (ndv) has been determined. the hn gene is 2031 nucleotides long, approximately 13.5% of the viral genome. the nucleotide sequence contains a single long open reading frame which would encode a protein of 577 amino acids, with a mol. wt. of 63,149. this is in good agreement with estimates of the molecular weight of the unglycosylated hn protein. analysis of the amino acid sequence reveals six potentia ...	1986	3018130